WO2014059981A1

WO2014059981A1 - Shifting device of a motor vehicle change-speed gearbox

Info

Publication number: WO2014059981A1
Application number: PCT/DE2013/200190
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jochen LÖFFELMANN; Klaus Krämer
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date: 2012-10-19
Filing date: 2013-09-27
Publication date: 2014-04-24
Also published as: DE102012219085A1; BR112015004709A2; CN104769337B; CN104769337A

Abstract

The invention relates to a shifting device of a motor vehicle change-speed gearbox comprising a selector shaft, a housing part on which said selector shaft can be rotatably mounted, an engaging unit for securing the selected positions, which comprises an engaging contour on a first engaging component and a second engaging component with an engaging element. Said components can be moved relative to each other and are locked counter to each other. Said motor vehicle change-speed gearbox also comprises a control sleeve which is arranged on the selector shaft.

Description

Name of the invention

Switching device of a raftfahrzeugweGhselg inebes description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a switching device of a raftfahrzeugwechse! Getrie- bes with a switching shaft, a housing part to which the Schaltwelie is rotatably mounted, a Rasiiereinheif for securing switching positions, which has a Rastierkontur on a first Rastbäüteil and a second Rasibauteil with a locking element, wherein the components are movable relative to each other and locked against each other and with a switching sleeve, which is arranged on the Schaitweile.

Background of the invention

Switching devices of this type are known as sparking transmission gears of gear-changing vehicle transmissions. The Schaltwelie forms an intermediate link in the transmission of switching and Wählbewegunge the driver to be switched to the gear wheels. Usually, the selector shift movement would be transmitted via a shift of the shifting shaft in the axial direction and a displacement of the selector shaft about its longitudinal axis.

The switching times often have a ulissenfuhrung, which allows functio a forced operation only certain switching and Wählbewegungen. Schaitdorae with switching shafts are usually designed so that a malfunction or overshift, so too much axial displacement or yerschwenkung in the direction of rotation, mechanically prevented. In particular, Schaerstvorrichtunge with SchaltwelSen partly in addition to the K l \ $ - senführung mechanical stops on, so that the shift shaft according to Er- range of Schaltstellun in switching direction can not be overlooked or moved further.

For a latching in. The selected switching position usually Sehaltwellen have a Rastierbereich on which ei locking element during Schältbzw. Moves along selecting movements and the recesses into which engages the Rastelerrienf in the end positions of the shifted gears to stabilize the engaged gear. As Rasteiemefrt is often ^' one. Ball catch, as DE 38 08 375 01 can be removed. The Kugeirast is provided with a split housing and encloses an inner part, which is designed as a deep-drawn part and surrounded by a Höhlensehraube It also has a guide member which is solid and integrally comprises a spherical shell between the guide member and the housing WäSzkörper are arranged, which are guided in a housing. To secure the Fuhrungstefls in the housing this is provided with a radially inwardly umordelten edge.

The Rastierkontur can be introduced on the shift shaft or connected to the switching shaft switching element such as a shift sleeve. DE 199 42 562 AI describes a transmission with a ZenträJschaltwelle to which a pot is placed as a switching sleeve, in the wall of the pot is on the one hand a Rastierkontur formed soft with a ge äusefest stored Kugeiraste cooperates to another is introduced a backdrop, soft to Limited to the .shopping path, which serves Zentralschaltweife. Such switching sleeves are preferably produced without cutting by deep drawing. However, Blechziehteiie expensive, complicated tools, and often is a multi-stage Tiefziehverfahre required, ^' A disadvantage of this Ausbildun is that these switching devices are relatively expensive to manufacture. Furthermore, the Kugeiraste and a Kugeirast securing, gearbox fixed element require a relatively large radial Bäuraum, and an introduction of a Rastierfconiur is in a sheet metal from As a rule, shifting sleeves were not possible _" so that a solid component can be connected to the shift sleeve or a razor contour as an additional component on the shifting axle becomes welded. Task of the invention

The invention is based on the Aufga e to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above. This object is achieved by a Schaltvornehtüng with the features of claim 1.

The shift sleeve is on the Schaltweile only rotatably or rotationally fixed and axially fixed. The shift sleeve may have weathered shift elements such as shift fingers, orings, or stops, which interact with juxtaposed sheep's components. It is connected via one of the Rastbauteite to the Schaltwelie and has a hollow component at a radial distance to Sehalfwelle. Such a switching device is very compact. The washer thus performs a dual func ^'ioh of connecting a switching catfish and the detent unit with a locking counter-member. The required number of required components is reduced at the same time with minimum mass.

The latching component and the shift sleeve may initially be made separately and then connected to each other, for example by welding. Both components can be made of sheet metal, wherein the sheet thickness of the locking member auc on the length of the shift sleeve and its arrangement is tuned so that the switching forces are securely transmitted, in one embodiment of this design, the Rastbauteii is formed as an annular disc, the form-fitting Is associated with the Sehaithüise. For this purpose, it may have drivers or asenvorsprünge, which engage in adapted to the driver recesses in the shift sleeve. Additionally or alternatively, other types of fuses may be provided: for example, the carriers may additionally or alternatively be welded to the shift sleeve. The detent element is biased against the detent contour parallel to the axis of rotation. This can be achieved in that the locking element and the Rästierkoritur are not arranged radially, but axially offset from each other. As a result, the spring travel, which is required for the bias, is not perpendicular to the axis of rotation de Sehaltwelle, but is paraliei dishes The required space can be further minimized when the spring generating the bias Fede the Schaltweile radially. By then comparatively large Windungsdurchmesser kan the spring can simultaneously build axially short.

In one embodiment of the invention, the latching contour and the latching element are axially biased relative to one another such that the axial distance of the latching element to a reference point of the latching conic only changes during a shunting process when the latching element travels a height difference on the latching contour. The Äxiaihub thus generated is thus effected solely by the HöhenprofiS the Rastierkontur, The Axäalhub generated by the height profile of the Rastierköntur the locking element to the Rastierkontur is generally proportional to the height difference covered. in a development the Rastiereinheit not de generating dial forces, but aliein generating Schattseite forces is at a selection motion, the axial displacement of the ^■ sound wave. causes or on the sound wave only rotationally fixed component such as a shift sleeve relative to the gear housing Thus, no Reiativbewegung the Rastierkön- tur to Rastelemen Only when switching the two locking members rotate relative to each other, For this purpose the Rastierkontur and the locking element, for example, each other so spring loading that an axial displacement of the Sehaliweii or the switching sleeve causes no change in the bias.

In an alignment, one of the latching components is acted upon by a helical compression spring. The spring supports sic on the locking member and a the Geiriebegehäuse directly or indirectly. As a ring component The latching component can have a groove or a passage for guiding the spring. ■ ^■ Alternatively, the shaft has a circular cross-section, and the spring is adapted in its Winduhis diameter to the shifting contour

In a next development of the invention, at least one of the latching unit forming latching components is arranged coaxially with the shaft shaft. As a result, the switching device is particularly compact. The latching components can have central recesses as passages for the shaft.

In an advantageous embodiment, one of the latching components is designed as a disk. The disc builds very easily and has a low axial thickness in relation to its radial extent. The axial thickness can be constant, as is the case, for example, with Btechscheiben, which are provided with a height profile and form a Rastierkontur.

Particularly preferably, both latching components are designed as arranged on the shift shaft annular discs. The annular discs can be arranged to save space in the hollow body of a shift sleeve. A kochsten to be produced ball catch, which is also directed radially to the Schaitweile or on a arranged on the shift shaft switching hoses, is therefore unnecessary. The radially required construction of the Schaestvorrichtung is therefore essentially determined by the Äußendürchmesser the Sohaltwelle or, the. Rotationally fixed on her arranged components.

The latching components are preferably designed as sheet-metal discs and produced by cold forming. In a particularly simple manner, the latching components can be manufactured by simple punching and profiling, with any necessary subsequent machining such as deburring being able to be carried out naturally and not fundamentally non-cutting production in question provides. To the Sehaltkräfie; To increase and ^■ reduce the loads of the Hastierkontur bearing latching component or equalize, several Rastierkonturen can be arranged on the locking member, the Rastierkonturen each interact with different locking elements. As a result, the stroke required for a given Sehaltkraft can be reduced, and the Rastbauteii can build axially even shorter. The same effect is achieved when several locking elements are biased gege the same locking contour. For example, if the Rastbauteii formed with the Rastierköntur as an annular disc, the height profile may be formed wavy umiau- fend.

If the sound wave has a non-circular cross-section, the catch component can have a Zenirälausnehmung complementary to the outer contour of the switching world, via which it is positively secured to the Sehaltwelie. The locking component can thus carry out an adapter function for a shock absorber that is to be activated on the operating gear.

The detent element, which is not rotatably connected to the selector shaft or to the shift lever arranged on the SchaSiwell, must be secured against rotation so that it can generate a Hu in conjunction with the counterreacting element during the shifting movement. For this purpose, it can be arranged firmly on the transmission housing. If an axial displaceability of the latching element relative to the housing is required for a selection movement, it may have an anti-twist device which interacts with the housing directly or via an intermediate element. The Zwischeneiement can be formed, for example, as a parallel to the Schaltweile directed guide pin de wholly or partially encompassed by a Führungseienient the Rasielemenfs, but is axially displaceable on this. A formsehlussige securing the Führungsefements on the guide pin is sufficient and very easy to manufacture,

In a further development, the latching element can be designed as a catch which has a spring-biased head facing a buttonhole housing. has. The lock can be arranged in a Axiaiböfirupg a solid trained Rastelement. Alternatively, the latching belt is formed from the material of the latching component. For this purpose, one or more passer-by boys may be provided, who can lock in the latching contour of the other latching component.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings, in which:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a first Sqhaiivor- direction according to the invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view of he? Ingengemägen switching device according to Figure 1,

FIG. 3 shows the latching component with the latching elements from FIG. 1 in an enlarged perspective view,

4 shows the latching component with the asiierkonturen of Figure 1 in an enlarged, perspective ..Darstellung and

FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section through a second switching device according to the invention, omitting some secondary components,

Detailed description of the drawings

The Figure 1 and 2 show a first SchaJtvorrich ung 1 in the form of a switch ^"cathedral. The switching dome comprises a flange-like housing 2, which is screwable to a not-shown Öetiebegehiüse, sowi a shaft shaft 3, which is rotatably mounted in the Gehäuseteii 2. The sound wave 3 is wäSzgelagert in the housing part 2 via a bearing 4 and the housing part 2 rotatable. The rotation is by a kinematically connected to the SchaltweiS 3, angeord oeten on GehäuseteiS 2, not shown shift lever! initiated. Axial, the SebalfweiSe 3 is fixed and not displaceable. A low-friction displacement in the (axial) direction can therefore be dispensed with, so that the bearing 4 is designed as a needle bearing to absorb high forces.

On the Schaitwelle 3 a SchaSthüise 5 rotatably, but axially arranged relatively displaceable. The switching sleeve 5 is ei Kalturnformtechnisch produced bent component, which essentially has a trough-shaped hollow body 51 which surrounds the switching shaft 3 at least partially radially. The shell 55 of the hollow body has further SchaStelemente such as shift fins 10 and a Gassenführuhg 1 1. The shift finger 10 can be positioned as a result of a selection movement induced Axiaiverschiebung the shift sleeve 5 to shift forks, not shown, and brought into engagement. You press this when the Schaitwelle 3 is rotated because the SeheldtwelSe 3 and the shift fingers 10 are in a rotationally fixed connection. In the lane guide 1 1 a fixed in a bore 12 of the GehäusieiSs 2 Gassenstift 13 is guided. This ensures that only desired selection and switching movements can be made to protect the transmission from damage. The SchaSthüise 5 is disposed in a gap 15 of the housing part 2, so that the lane pin 13 is fixed on both sides of the gap 15,

Type of the housing part 2 facing away from the end of the diameter of the hollow body 51 is so far reduced and adapted to the Au & enkontur the Schaltweile 3 that the Schalthu! S 5 can be supported on the Schaefwelie 3 if necessary via an annular shoulder 52. In the unloaded NormaSfali, however, a back-up is not required. A second connection of the SchaSthüise 5 takes place via an e Ringsch ei be 81. Die- annular disc 81 (Figure 3) has a Zeniralausnehmung 82, whose shape is complementary to Äußenkontu the shift shaft 3, it also has a nose projection 83 which engages positively in a free punching 53 of the Schaltthüise 5. In addition, the nose projection 83 is secured there by welding. A drift support of Schaitbülse 5 can be carried out under load in the region of the gap 15 of the housing part 2.

The Schaltthüise 5 has a plurality of windows 54 for Mäßssenmduzierung. Rather than in a separate free punch 53, the washer 81 may be also secured in-ei ^"NEM the window 54 {not dargestelli), wherein then preferably the window in the Drehriohtung a; Jacket 55 of the switching sleeve 5 is applied.

The jacket 55 of the Sehalthülse 5 is circumferentially open. It is formed substantially U-shaped with two ends parallel parallel legs 56. The ends 56 are provided with notches 57 in the retaining lugs 87 for axial positioning of the annular disc 81 engage. Two retaining lugs 87 of the latching component 8 are formed so that they form a groove 90 with a width of the bending thickness of the switching duct 5 with its inner flank 88 and the side walls 89 of the latching latch 8 directed pärailel between the retaining lugs 87 and the nose projection 83. Opposite the projection Masenvor- 83 83 has the annular disc 81 between the retaining lugs 87 on an arc portion 91. the pivoting on the guide pin 9 zuiässt, For moving the Sehaitfinger 10 on the ^' Sehalthülse 5 2 two not shown Hebei are arranged on the Gehöuse- part. With the one lever, the Wählhebei, with the Schaltthüise 5 translational on the shift shaft. 3 movable relative to her. With the: other lever, the shift lever, a common rotation of the sound wave 3 is effected with the Schaltthüise 5. The levers are typically located outside of the gearbox and, for example, are operated with the operator's rope on connected cables. To secure the Meutralsieliung and the switched Gangste! Luhgen the shift sleeve 5 is locked in these positions. For this purpose, the latching elements 84, 85, 86 are biased against two Rastierkonturen 74, 75 The Rastferkonturen .74. 75 are arranged on a further annular disc 71, which forms the latching unit 8 as a latching component together with the latching component 8. Against the Rastierkontur 74 only one locking element 84 is biased; however, against the longer and more Rastiervertiefungen having Rastierköntur 75 two locking elements 85, 86 biased. The three Rastelemehte 84, 85, 86 are spaced at an angle of 120 ° to each other, so that the load of the ring discs 71, 81 is as uniform as possible.

The annular disc 71 has a central recess 72 as a passage for di shift shaft 3. In contrast zrn rotatably connected to the shift shaft 3 locking member 8 is the locking member? secured against rotation on the housing part 2. For this purpose, it has a guide element 73 which engages around a guide pin 8 fastened to the housing part 2. On the guide pin 9, the locking component 7 is axially movable with the guide element 73 and only a small amount of rotational movement is secured. To secure the bias of the two locking components 7, 8, these are acted upon by a spring 4. The spring 14, which is designed as a viscous compression spring, has a coil diameter which is adapted to the diameter of the shaft 3. Tilting of the spring is effectively avoided. At one end of the spring, the spring 14 is supported directly on the Ringseheib 7, while the other end is supported on a arranged in a Schaltweilringnut 31 locking ring 32. The spring 14 is arranged and selected so that in all possible, permissible WählstelSungen dfe spring 1 and thus the locking members 7, 8 are biased. In a selection so that the locking sleeve 5 with the Rastbauteii 8 relative to the housing part 2 and the Schaitwelie 3 are axially displaceable; but the spring-loaded latching component also experiences the axial displacement,

The Rastbauieile 7, S do not change their relative position to each other and produce thus also no switching force. At a shift movement; (Twisting), however, is a RastbauteiS 8 coupled via the switching sleeve 5 to the sound wave 3, while the other Rastbauteii 7 secured on the guide pin 9 on the housing component ^ The locking elements 84, 85, 86 are therefore against the profiled Rastierkontur 74, 75 moves thus cause a forced stroke of the locking member 7, 8 from each other. The forced stroke acts against the force of the spring 14, is felt as a shift force and ensures that it requires in predetermined positions, the neutral position and the Schaitpositsonen, an externally applied (Scha Ii-} force, so that the gear against unintentional release As a result of shocks is secured.

The locking components 7, 8 are both formed as kaitumformtechnisch produced sheet metal disc. The latching contours are introduced by profiling, and the latching elements 84, 85, 86 are designed as transmissions and thus from the material of the annular disc 81 itself. Such annular discs 71, 81 build on the one hand very narrow, on the other hand they can be inside arrange the hollow body 51 formed by de mantle 55 of the switching sleeve 5. Thus, no additional installation space in the axial direction is required, and in the radial direction the required installation space is determined solely by the unchanged switching sleeve diameter and the shift finger 1 O arranged on the shift sleeve 5.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a modification of the inventive switching device 1 according to FIGS. 1-4. In contrast to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4, the detent element 84 is designed here as a ball catch with a deterrent ball as the head 92. The spring 1 of the ball catch springs in ÄxialncHtung the sound wave 3, but does not surround these. The detent element 84 is arranged as a preassembled component in a solid latching component 8, which also has a through-hole for the guide pin 9. In this embodiment, the catch member 7, t is the ^Ras' ierkontur 74 carries non-rotatably connected to the shift sleeve. 5 List of Bexugszahlen

75 locking contour

Switching device 35

Housing part 81 annular disc

Sound wave 82 central recess

Bearing 83 Nose tab

Shift sleeve 84 locking element

Locking unit 40 85 locking element

(first) locking member 86 locking element

(second) locking member 87 retaining lugs

Führui gsstsft 88 inner flank

Shift finger 89 side wall

Lane guide 45 90 groove

Hole 91 arc area

streets pen

feather

gap

SchaStwellenringnut

Circlip hollow body

annular shoulder

Free punch

window

coat

Donate!

Notch annular disc

Zentraiausnehm ung

guide element

Rastierkontur

Claims

claims

1, Schaltvornchtung (1) of a motor vehicle transmission, comprising

a sound wave (3),

- A housing part (2). to which the Schaliwelle (3) is rotatably mounted,

- A Rastiereinheii (6) for securing Schattsteläungen having a latching zierkontur (74, 75) on a first Rastbauieil (7) and a second latching member (8) with a latching element (84, 85, 88}, wherein the Rastbauteüe (7, 8) are movable relative to one another and are mutually displaceable, and

~ a shift sleeve {5), which is connected to the Schaltweile (3) via an annular disc (71, 81},

characterized in that the annular disc (71, 81) as one of the locking member (7, 8) for V rasras with the other. Detent member. (8, 7) is designed as RastgegenbauteiS.

2. Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Schaltthüise (5) to the switching shaft (3) connecting Rastbauieil (7, 8) has a central ralausnehmung (72, 82) for di shift shaft (3).

3, switching device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switching sleeve (5) to the Sebaltwefle (3) connecting latching component (7, 8} a Masenvorsprung (83) as SJcherungsmittei for formschlQsstgen engagement in the Sch a Ith ü. Se (5) a ufweisi

4. Schaltvorrichiung according to claim 1, characterized gekenriEeschnef that the detent counter member (8, 7) is designed as ei assivbaufeii which au the sound wave (3) is arranged and a detent (93) 5. Switching device according to claim 1, dadurcl characterized that the Rasfgegenbauieii (S, 7) via a locking ring (32) is axially secured. δ. Switching apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing solder (2) has a guide pin (9) which forms an anti-twist device with a guide element (73) of the annular disc (71).

7. Schalty device according to claim 1, characterized gekennseic inet that the Schaltthüise {5} in the axial direction of the switching shaft (3) is displaceable relative to it. 8. Schaltvorriehfung according to claim 1, characterized in that a spring (14) directly on the annular disc (71) is supported.