WO2014056493A1

WO2014056493A1 - Tool set for repairing a vehicle axle

Info

Publication number: WO2014056493A1
Application number: PCT/DE2013/200100
Authority: WO
Inventors: Philipp LATZEL; Jörn KLOSS; Thomas Behrens; Michael MACHELEIDT; Patrick STÜDEMANN; Remo SCHÖNSEE
Original assignee: Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date: 2012-10-12
Filing date: 2013-08-06
Publication date: 2014-04-17
Also published as: DE102013207699B4; DE102013207699A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-part tool set comprising different traction and pressure elements for the purpose of removing and installing a pipe-like axle journal (5a) that is inserted by means of a press fit in an axle tube (2) or an axle yoke (3a) of an axle body (1) of a vehicle axle. In order to remove the axle journal (5a), said tool set includes a tool screw (13) that interacts with an extraction nut (12) arrested in the axle journal (5a), a pressure ring (16), a pressure pipe (17), a contact plate (21), an axial bearing (20), and a tool nut (19).

Description

Tool kit for repairing a vehicle axle

The invention relates to a multi-part tool set for removal and installation of a tubular axle journal, which is inserted by means of a press fit in an axle tube of an axle body of a vehicle axle, according to the features of the independent claims 1 and 2. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods for handling the tool sets according to the Claims 8 and 9. The rear axle is part of the suspension and thus the chassis of vehicles. It connects the wheels to the chassis or the self-supporting body. Wheel suspensions allow the guidance and suspension of the vehicle wheels and may need to allow the drive and the braking of the vehicle. The aim of the construction of wheel suspensions is to ensure stable handling, comfortable damping of road bumps, low vibration and noise transmission and a long service life. In particular, for vehicles with front wheel drive rear axles are used, the structure of which comprises a fixed to the body, also known as the axle axle axle body summarizes. Axle pins pressed in on both sides into an axle tube or into an axle yoke of the axle body are each intended to receive a rolling bearing swinging arm which is supported on the axle body via a damping element on the axle body and this in turn via a rubber Selentblock on the body. On the swing arm a vehicle wheel is guided, for which purpose the swing arm has a pin which is intended to receive wheel bearings of the vehicle wheel used in a wheel hub.

As a measure to replace individual, in particular pressed-in components of the rear axle, from GB 238 478 A a tool set for the exchange of sockets or pins in the automotive field is known. This tool set comprises a hollow-cylindrical sleeve element as well as a spindle which can be passed through the sleeve element, furthermore a first pressure element, which is connected to the sleeve element for an axial pressure application. the same can be coupled and a second pressure element. A step disk element of the tool set can be inserted between one of the pressure elements and the respective associated end face of the sleeve element.

The object of the invention is to provide tools with which a tubular axle journal can be simplified and inexpensively removed from an axle tube or an axle yoke or can be pressed into the axle tube or into the axle tube of a vehicle axle without damage.

The task is solved by tool sets according to claims 1 and 2 and by the method of claims 8 and 9. All claims referring back to the independent claims give each advantageous embodiments of the invention.

The idea underlying the present invention according to claims 1 and 2 is to offer a tool set for installation and removal of pressed in an axle tube or in a Achsjoch tubular spindle, with the replacement of this component can be performed easily and safely and at the same time cost. About a press fit fixed axle journals on which the swinging arms of the vehicle wheels are mounted pivotally mounted, are used in particular in rear axles of vehicles used. Due to wear, for example due to corrosion due to a defective seal of the rolling bearing or by a high mileage of the vehicle, a damage of the journals. The inevitably resulting change in the axle geometry leads next to changed self-steering behavior on the misalignment of the wheels to one-sided tire wear with strong noise. With the inventive, also to be designated as a journal repair kit tool set, which includes for the removal and installation of the journal corresponding installation and removal tools and pressure and tension elements, in an impermissible state of wear, a single journal or both affected journals be replaced. In this case, by means of a pressure element, a displacement of the axle journal designed as a sleeve element is made possible relative to a threaded spindle. For the installation of new axle journals a axle journal repair kit is used, which includes vehicle-specific axle journals. An exchange of the journal, the expansion and installation by means of the multi-part tool set according to the invention, which is advantageously applicable for repairs of axles or axle of various types. To realize a cost-effective tool set, it can be assembled according to a modular principle from a selection of different elements.

Advantageously, the individual components of the tool set are designed so that they can be used after completion of necessary preparatory work, such as the dismantling of the brake system, the shock absorber, the swing arms and the torsion bars without special adaptation to the surrounding construction. For this purpose, the tool set includes tools adapted to the axle body with which it is possible to disassemble and install the axle journals which are inserted via a press fit in a receptacle of the axle tube or of the axle yoke. For example, a pressure tube of the tool set is supported via a pressure ring on the Achsjoch. In addition, no special holding tools are required. Also, the fixing of a pull nut in the journal is simple, fast and inexpensive feasible with the help of a tool screw and deferred protective sleeve. For this purpose, the pull-out nut screwed onto the tool screw is first introduced into the axle journal, before an inner diameter of the axle journal is reduced to a fixation of the extension nut by means of build-up welding. Subsequently, the axle journal can be pulled out via the tool screw in conjunction with other tools of the tool set according to the invention. Compared to a known measure, which provided to replace the entire axle body with worn axle journals, a significant cost advantage can be realized with the tool set according to the invention.

Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. che. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tool set essentially comprises tube or sleeve elements, spindles and standard parts, such as thrust bearings, washers and nuts. In this case, individual tools can be selected from a selection of differing components similar to a construction kit and combined to form a tool set. These individual vehicle-specific adapted or selected components of the tool set can advantageously be produced or provided in a simple and cost-effective manner. According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided to combine individual components of the tool set. For this purpose, it is advisable, for example, to provide at least the pressure ring and / or the abutment plate with a centering projection which is fitted positively and non-positively into the pressure tube to form a structural unit. Additionally or alternatively, the thrust bearing can be connected to at least one associated component, in which a contact plate forms a receptacle in which the thrust bearing secured against position, for example on elastic elements snapped.

The tool set according to the invention can furthermore be used for an axle body with alternately arranged axle stubs. To realize an extended interference fit, the axle journal can be pressed into the axle tube both in the receptacle from the axle yoke and with one end section. In the installed state, the axle journal thus forms an element connecting the axle tube to the axle yoke. By this measure, an extended press fit, which improves the rigidity of the axle body. At the same time, this axle journal arrangement allows the axle tube to be removed after an expansion of both axle journals and, if necessary, simply replaced.

The invention further relates to methods which relate to the removal and installation of tubular axle journals which are inserted by means of a press fit in an axle tube or an axle yoke of an axle body from a vehicle axle. To remove the axle journal with the tool set according to the invention, the following method provided. First, an offset is determined indirectly by measuring a supernatant of the axle journal from the axle tube or the yoke, which must also be observed for the installation of a newly used axle journal. Subsequently, the insertion of a pull nut in the journal takes place on a side facing away from the axle tube or the Achsjoch. The pull-out nut, which advantageously forms a radially circumferential collar, is preferably inserted into the axle journal by means of a tool screw. During the application of a weld in the axle journal, the thread of the tool bolt is enclosed by a protective sleeve, which is removed together with the tool screw after the welding has been completed. Subsequently, a pressure tube from the tool set is pushed onto the axle journal, which is supported indirectly via a pressure ring on an axle yoke. The length of the pressure tube is selected so that its length D exceeds the total length G of the journal, the sum of protruding and pressed length of the journal. As a further method step, a sliding of a thrust bearing and a bearing plate on the tool screw or threaded spindle is provided up to a system on a tool nut. Then, the insertion of the tool screw into the pressure tube, which is then screwed into the weld nut of the journal. By turning the tool nut of the tool screw while fixing a screw head of the tool screw, the axle journal is pulled out of the axle tube or the axle yoke via the pull nut. In this case, a first sleeve element, the axle journal, moves relative to the second sleeve element, the pressure tube, axially along the spindle or the tool screw.

For installation of new axle journals from a journal repair kit into the axle tube or into the axle yoke of the axle body in conjunction with the tool set according to the invention, the following method steps are provided according to claim 9. As a first step, a long threaded spindle is guided through the axle tube, projecting from both sides of the axle tube protruding. Thereafter, the new, in a press-fit area with a mounting paste coated axle journal with a frontal outer bevel of a recording fed to the axle yoke. Subsequently, a pushing on the pressure tube on the axle journal, which is supported via a pressure ring on the Achsjoch and mutually assigned a contact plate. In the next step, a thrust bearing is pushed onto the threaded spindle as far as the abutment plate supported on the pressure tube, before a tool nut is screwed onto the threaded spindle until it contacts the thrust bearing. In the following step, the further axle journal provided with an assembly paste in the press-fit area is pushed onto the threaded spindle on the opposite side of the axle body and fed to the end-side outer chamfer of a receptacle of the axle yoke. Thereafter, a contact plate and a thrust bearing are pushed onto the threaded spindle until it rests on the journal before a tool nut is screwed onto the threaded spindle. By further rotation of the tool nut on the threaded spindle retraction of the journal takes place in the receptacle of the Achsjoches until the journal reaches a Einpresstiefe that was determined prior to removal of the damaged journal by measuring the protruding length. During the retraction of the axle journal in the axle yoke advantageously no special holding or guiding tools are needed. In order to achieve a damage-free installation of the journal, the position of the journal is checked during retraction, which is correctable in a possible initial misalignment with the aid of a rubber mallet. Finally, a dismantling, the assembly of the torsion bars, the swing arms, the brake system, the shock absorbers and the wheels. An advantageous development of the invention provides that the tool screw or the threaded spindle have a fixable first tool nut or a screw head. By turning a second tool nut indirectly connected to the journal on the tool screw or the threaded spindle with the first tool nut or fixed screw head fixed at the same time, it is ensured that the journal retracts into the receptacle of the axle yoke. Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following description and from the drawings, in which an embodiment of the invention is shown. The invention is not limited to this embodiment. Unless otherwise stated, the same or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference numerals in the description. Show it:

1 shows the structure of a known axle body of a vehicle.

2 shows a section of the axle body according to FIG. 1 in conjunction with tools for the preparation of the removal of a journal from a journal

Axle tube or from an axle yoke;

Fig. 3, Figure 2 with all the tools required to remove the axle journal.

4 shows the axle body according to FIG. 1 with all the necessary tools for installing axle journals; FIG. and

5 shows an enlarged view of the detail Z of Fig. 4th

FIG. 1 shows an axle body 1 from a rear axle of a vehicle, which is otherwise not shown. The axle body 1 has two axle yokes 3a, 3b, which are connected by an axle tube 2 and are axially spaced from each other, which are each connected to the chassis or a body of the vehicle. In recordings 4a, 4b on both end sides of the axle yokes 3a, 3b axle pins 5a, 5b are fixed in position by means of a press fit. The stub axles 5a, 5b are intended for swing arms 6a, 6b, on which end vehicle wheels (not shown) are guided. The oscillating arms 6a, 6b are arranged so as to be roller-mounted on the axle journals 5a, 5b via two needle sleeves 7a, 7b, which may also be referred to as needle bushings, needle bearings or needle bushings, and sealed by means of a seal 8. A guided through the axle tube 2 stabilizer 9 connects both swing arms 6a, 6b, wherein a fixing plate 10 each rotatably and positionally fixed the stabilizer 9 on the swing arm 6a. Farther each swing arm 6a, 6b via a torsion bar 1 1 a, 1 1 b connected to an opposite Achsjoch 3a, 3b.

FIG. 2 shows a section of the axle body 1 according to FIG. 1 in conjunction with tools with which the removal of the axle journal 5a is prepared. First, a length L, a supernatant dimension of the axle journal 5a, is measured, via which, after removal of the axle journal 5a by subtraction of the total length G, the difference dimension, a press-in depth T of the axle journal 5a can be determined. Subsequently, a pull nut 12 is fixed in the journal 5a by reducing its inner diameter by applying a weld. This is done with the aid of a tool screw 13, onto which the pull-out nut 12 is screwed and fitted into the axle journal 5a. A circumferential collar 14 of the pull nut 12 has the task to increase the contact surface of the pull nut 12 to the weld. To protect the tool screw 13 and the pull nut 12 during the welding process, a protective sleeve 15 made of a heat-resistant plastic or of a metal and slidable onto the tool screw 13 is provided.

The tools shown in Fig. 3 are used as soon as the pull nut 12 is fixed in the journal 5a. Subsequently, a pressure ring 16 is pushed onto the axle journal 5 a until it rests against the axle yoke 3 a. This is followed by a pressure tube 17, the length D of which exceeds the total length G of the axle journal 5a, in order to ensure unimpeded extraction of the axle journal 5a from the axle tube 2 or the axle yoke 3a, 3b. The length of the pressure tube 17 is selected so that its length D exceeds the total length G of the journal 5a, which results from the sum of a depression T and a length L. In this case, the length L defines a measure with which the axle journal 5 a emerges from the axle tube 2 or the axle yoke 3 a. Then, a thrust bearing 20 and a contact plate 21 are pushed onto a tool screw 13 to an abutment with a tool nut 19. As a measure to create a preassembled unit, the pressure ring 16 and the contact plate form on one side a spigot 23,24, which are positively and non-positively fitted into the pressure tube 17. Furthermore, the contact plate 21 can have an elastic see inclusion 18, in which the thrust bearing 20 is snapped. Thereafter, an insertion of the tool screw 13 in the pressure tube 17 and then screwing into the extension nut 12 of the axle journal 5a. By rotating the tool nut 19 of the tool screw 13 with simultaneous fixing of a screw head 22 of the tool screw 13, the axle journal 5a is pulled out of the axle tube 2 or depending on the model of the axle body directly from the axle yoke 3a, 3b through the axle yoke 3a, 3b. Even after completion of both axle journal 5a, 5b remains a bond between the axle tube 2 and the two Achsjochen 3a, 3b exist.

4 shows all components required for the installation of the axle journals 5a, 5b. This includes a guided through the axle tube 2 and on both sides protruding threaded spindle 25, on the end new axle journals 5a, 5b are pushed. The axle journals 5a, 5b provided with an assembly paste in the press-fit region are attached to the receptacle 4a, 4b of the axle yokes 3a, 3b by means of an end-side outer chamfer. In order to retract the journal 5b, the pressure ring 16 and the pressure tube 17 are pushed onto the axle journal 5a, before the installation plate 21 and the thrust bearing 20 are pushed onto the installed threaded spindle 25 and prestressed by means of the tool nut 19 screwed onto the threaded spindle 25. Subsequently, the assembly of the axle journal 5b, which is likewise guided on the end section of the threaded spindle 25 emerging from the axle tube 2, takes place mutually. After sliding the contact plate 21 and the thrust bearing 20 on the threaded spindle 25 to rest on the journal 5b is pulled by turning the tool nut 19 on the threaded spindle 25 of the axle 5b in the receptacle 4b of Achsjoches 3b. The press-fitting process ends as soon as the journal 5b retracts to the projection distance L which gives the required offset. In order to retract the further journal 5a, the pressure tube 17 and all associated other tools of the opposite side are assigned to the journal 5b in order subsequently to carry out the assembly of the journal 5a in the above-described working steps. Due to the fact that individual vehicles or models have axle bodies 1 whose axle journals 5 a, 5 b relate to one another. lent the inner diameter differ, can be retracted as an alternative to the described installation sequence and the first axle journal 5a.

5 shows an enlarged view of the detail Z of FIG. 4, which refers to an alternative attachment of the axle journal 5 a in the axle body 1. Thereafter, the axle journal 5a is pressed into both the receptacle 4a of the Achsjoch 3a and with an end portion in the axle tube 2. By this measure, an extended press fit, which improves the rigidity of the axle body 1. In this case, the axle journal 5a in the installed state forms an element connecting the axle tube 2 to the axle yoke 3a. After an expansion of both axle journals 5a, 5b, the axle tube 2 can be removed and replaced if necessary. Axle pins 5a, which are inserted with a press fit, as shown in FIG. 5, can advantageously also be released from the press fit with the tool set according to the invention, which can thus also be used for axle bodies of different designs.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 axle body

2 axle tube

3a axle yoke

3b axle yoke

4a recording

4b recording

5a axle journal

5b axle journal

6a swing arm

6b swing arm

7a needle sleeve

7b needle sleeve

8 seal

9 stabilizer

10 fixing plate

1 1 a torsion bar

1 1 b torsion bar

12 moving mother

13 tool screw

14 collar (pull-out nut)

15 protective sleeve

16 pressure ring

17 pressure tube

18 recording

19 Tool nut

20 thrust bearings

21 bearing plate

22 screw head

23 centering approach

24 centering approach screw

Length (pressure tube)

Total length (journal) length (projection axle journal) offset (axle journal)

Claims

claims

Multi-part tool set for removing a tubular axle journal (5a, 5b) which is inserted by means of a press fit into an axle tube (2) or an axle yoke (3a, 3b) of an axle body (1) from a vehicle axle, comprising:

- A tool screw (13) with deferred protective sleeve (15) for inserting a pull nut (12) in the axle journal (5a, 5b) on the side facing away from the axle tube (2) side;

- A the axial pin (5a, 5b) enclosing the pressure tube (17) whose length (D) exceeds an overall length (G) of the axle journal (5a, 5) and which is supported via a pressure ring (16) on Achsjoch (3a, 3b) .

- One in the pull nut (12) screwed tool

(13) with tool nut (19) which is supported on the thrust bearing (20) and a bearing plate (21).

Multi-part tool set for installation of new tube-like axle journals (5a, 5b) from a journal repair set, which is greased on the outside by means of a mounting paste, with a frontal chamfer by means of a press fit into a receptacle (4a, 4b) of an axle tube (2) or of a Axle yoke (3a, 3b) of an axle body (1) of a vehicle axle are used, comprising:

- A by the axle tube (2) and by a journal (5a, 5b) out, on both sides protruding threaded spindle (25);

- A the axial pin (5a, 5b) enclosing pressure tube (17) whose length (D) exceeds an overall length (G) of the axle journal (5a, 5b) and which is supported via a pressure ring (16) on Achsjoch (3a, 3b) and mutually associated with an abutment plate (21);

- An on the threaded spindle (25) deferred thrust bearing (20) by means of a tool nut (19) to the pressure tube (17) associated with the bearing plate (21) is displaceable;

- An on the opposite side to the pressure tube (17) on the threaded spindle (25) deferred thrust bearing (20) by means of a tool nut (19) until the axle journal (5a, 5b) associated with the bearing plate (21) is displaceable.

Tool set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool set consists essentially of Rohroder sleeve elements, spindles and standard parts, such as thrust bearings, washers and nuts.

Tool set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that individual tools are selected according to the modular principle of a selection of differing components and assembled into a tool set.

Tool set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure ring (16) and / or the contact plate (21) form a form-fitting in the pressure tube (17) fitted centering lug (23,24).

Tool set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial bearing (20) in a receptacle (18) of the bearing plate (21) is fixed in position to form a structural unit.

Tool set according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axle journal (5a, 5b) is pressed into both the receptacle (4a) of the Achsjoch (3a, 3b) and with an end portion in the axle tube (2).

A method for removing a tubular axle journal (5a, 5b), which is used by means of a press fit in an axle tube (2) or an axle yoke (3a, 3b) of an axle body (1) of a vehicle axle, to which a tool set is used, characterized by the following process steps:

Determining a depression depth of the axle journal (5a, 5b) in the axle pipe (2) or an axle yoke (3a, 3b);

- Introducing a pull nut (12) in the axle journal (5a, 5b) on a side facing away from the axle tube (2) by means of a tool screw (13);

- Fixing the pull nut (12) in the axle journal (5a, 5b) by applying a circumferential weld on an inner contour of the axle journal (5a, 5b) for tapering an inner diameter, wherein during a weld a protective sleeve (15) surrounds the tool screw (13) ;

- Removing the tool screw (13) and the protective sleeve (15);

- Use of the axle journal (5a, 5b) enclosing pressure tube (17) whose length (D) a length (G) of the journal (5a, 5b) exceeds, wherein the pressure tube (17) via a pressure ring (16) an axle yoke (3a, 3b) is supported;

- Sliding from a thrust bearing (20) and a bearing plate (21) on the tool screw (13) to an abutment with a tool nut (19);

- Inserting and then screwing the tool screw (13) into the pull nut (12) of the axle journal (5a, 5b);

Turning the tool nut (19) of the tool screw (13) while simultaneously fixing a screw head (22) of the tool screw (19), whereby the axle journal (5a, 5b) from the axle tube (2) or the axle yoke (3a, 3b) and synchronously displaces a first sleeve member axially displacing shaft pins (5a, 5b) along the spindle or tool screw (19) relative to the second sleeve member, the pressure tube (17).

Method for installing tubular axle journal (5a, 5b) from a journal repair kit, which is inserted by means of a press fit into an axle tube (2) or an axle yoke (3a, 3b) of an axle body (1) from a vehicle axle, for which purpose a tool set is used characterized by the following method steps:

- Inserting a threaded spindle (25) through the axle tube (2) as well by a journal (5a, 5b) is guided and projects on both sides;

- Attaching a new axle journal (5a, 5b) in a receptacle (4a, 4b) of the Achsjoches (3a, 3b), wherein a press-fit, a front-side outer bevel is provided with a mounting paste;

- Use of the axle journal (5a, 5b) enclosing, on the Achsjoch (3a, 3b) via a pressure ring (16) supported pressure tube (17), which is mutually associated with a contact plate (21), wherein a length (D) of the pressure tube (17) a length (G) of the journal

(5a, 5b) exceeds;

- Sliding from a thrust bearing (20) on the threaded spindle (25) to the on the pressure tube (17) supported bearing plate (21);

- Screwing a tool nut (19) on the threaded spindle (25) until it rests against the thrust bearing (20);

- Pushing a new axle journal (5a, 5b) provided on the outside partially with a mounting paste onto the threaded spindle (25) on the side of the axle body (1) opposite from the pressure pipe (17);

- Attaching the axle journal (5a, 5b) with a frontal outer bevel in a receptacle (4a, 4b) of the Achsjoches (3a, 3b);

- Sliding the contact plate (21) and the thrust bearing (20) on the threaded spindle (25) until it rests on the journal (5a, 5b) by means of the tool nut (19) screwed onto the threaded spindle (25);

- Turning the tool nut (19) on the threaded spindle (25), whereby the axle journal (5a, 5b) axially into the receptacle (4a, 4b) of the axle tube (2) or the Achsjoches (3a, 3b) shifts;

- Retracting the journal (5a, 5b) until the offset of the axle journal (5a, 5b) has been reached.

Method according to at least one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the tool screw (13) or the threaded spindle (25) has a fixable first tool nut (19) or a screw head (22), wherein by turning a second indirectly with the axle journal (5a, 5b) associated tool nut (19) on the tool screw (13) or the threaded spindle (25) at at the same time fixed first tool nut (19) or fixed screw head (22), the axle journal (5a, 5b) in the receptacle (4a, 4b) of the axle tube (2) or the Achsjoches (3a, 3b) moves.