WO2014045719A1 - 音響発生器、音響発生装置及び電子機器 - Google Patents
音響発生器、音響発生装置及び電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014045719A1 WO2014045719A1 PCT/JP2013/070780 JP2013070780W WO2014045719A1 WO 2014045719 A1 WO2014045719 A1 WO 2014045719A1 JP 2013070780 W JP2013070780 W JP 2013070780W WO 2014045719 A1 WO2014045719 A1 WO 2014045719A1
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- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
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- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
- H04R31/006—Interconnection of transducer parts
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
- H04R7/20—Securing diaphragm or cone resiliently to support by flexible material, springs, cords, or strands
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- H04R2217/00—Details of magnetostrictive, piezoelectric, or electrostrictive transducers covered by H04R15/00 or H04R17/00 but not provided for in any of their subgroups
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- H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
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- H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
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- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
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- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sound generator, a sound generator, and an electronic device.
- an acoustic generator typified by a piezoelectric speaker has been known as a small-sized, low-current driving acoustic device using a piezoelectric body as an electroacoustic transducer, for example, a small electronic device such as a mobile computing device. It is used as an integrated sound generator.
- an acoustic generator using a piezoelectric body as an electroacoustic transducer has a structure in which a piezoelectric element as an exciter in which an electrode made of a silver thin film or the like is formed on a metal diaphragm.
- the sound generation mechanism of an acoustic generator using a piezoelectric body as an electroacoustic transducer generates a shape distortion in the piezoelectric element by applying an AC voltage to both sides of the piezoelectric element, and the shape distortion of the piezoelectric element is made of a metal diaphragm. The sound is generated by transmitting to and vibrating.
- an acoustic generator in which a resin film is used as a diaphragm instead of a metal diaphragm is known.
- a bimorph-type laminated piezoelectric element is sandwiched between a pair of resin films in the thickness direction, and this resin film is fixed to a frame member in a tensioned state.
- the above-described acoustic generator is likely to generate a large peak or dip due to distortion caused by resonance of the resin film induced by the vibration of the exciter, and the sound pressure changes rapidly at a specific frequency. There's a problem. For this reason, flattening of the frequency characteristic of sound pressure is required.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide an acoustic generator, an acoustic generator, and an electronic apparatus that can flatten the frequency characteristic of sound pressure.
- An acoustic generator includes a vibrating body, a frame member attached to the outer peripheral portion of the vibrating body with a bonding material, an exciter provided on the vibrating body in the frame of the frame member, And a protruding portion of the bonding material protruding from the frame member onto the vibrating body in the frame.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view showing a sound generator of a first form.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a sound generator according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view showing a protruding portion of the bonding material.
- FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example in which the protruding portion of the bonding material contacts the inner surface of the frame member.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a second type of sound generator.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the sound generator.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the sound generator.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a fifth embodiment of the sound generator.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view showing a sound generator of a first form.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a sound generator according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which pores are distributed in the protruding portion of the bonding material.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which pores are distributed in the vicinity of the interface with the vibrating body.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the sound generation device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the electronic device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view showing a sound generator of the first form
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing the sound generator of the first form
- FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view along the line AA shown in FIG. 1A.
- the thickness direction (y direction) of the laminated piezoelectric element 1 shown as the exciter 1 is shown enlarged.
- the exciter 1 is a piezoelectric element
- the exciter 1 is not limited to a piezoelectric element, and has a function of vibrating when an electric signal is input. If it is what you are doing.
- an electrodynamic exciter well known as an exciter that vibrates a speaker, an electrostatic exciter, or an electromagnetic exciter may be used.
- the electrodynamic exciter is such that an electric current is passed through a coil arranged between the magnetic poles of a permanent magnet to vibrate the coil, and the electrostatic exciter is applied to two metal plates facing each other.
- a bias and an electric signal are passed to vibrate a metal plate, and an electromagnetic exciter is an electric signal to flow through a coil to vibrate a thin iron plate.
- an exciter applied to the acoustic generator of this embodiment it is preferable to apply a piezoelectric element in terms of reduction in thickness, weight, and small change in the diaphragm.
- the film is illustrated as a vibrating body.
- the sound generator of the first embodiment has a film 3 serving as a support plate attached to a frame member 5 having a center region opened in a quadrilateral shape.
- An exciter 1 is provided on the surface side.
- a laminated piezoelectric element 1 as shown in FIG. 1B is bonded to the upper surface of the film 3 that becomes a support plate sandwiched between the frame members 5a and 5b.
- the sound generator of the first form is configured such that the film 3 is held in the first and second frame members 5a and 5b by holding the film 3 in a tensioned state.
- the film 3 has a configuration in which the frame member 5 is attached only in one direction of the film 3 as described later, in addition to the configuration sandwiched between the pair of frame members 5a and 5b as shown in FIG. 1B. There may be.
- the bonding material 22 is used when the frame member 5a is attached to the film 3.
- the bonding material 22 for example, a known material such as an epoxy resin, a silicon resin, or a polyester resin can be used.
- a method for curing the resin used for the bonding material 22 any method such as thermosetting, photocuring, and anaerobic curing may be used.
- the joining material 22 has the protrusion part 22a which extended in the frame of the frame member 5a from between the frame member 5a and the film 3, and protruded on the film 3.
- FIG. 1C the protruding portion 22a of the bonding material 22 formed on the film 3 from between the frame member 5a and the film 3 will be described with reference to FIG. 1C.
- FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view showing a protruding portion of the bonding material.
- the frame member 5 is affixed to the film 3 via a bonding material 22, and in this case, the bonding material 22 extends toward the film 3 in the frame, and a part of the frame member 5 is a film. 3 is protruding above.
- the sound generator according to the first embodiment includes the protruding portion 22a of the bonding material 22 that extends from between the frame member 5a and the film 3 over the film 3. For this reason, the area
- the displacement when each region of the film 3 vibrates can be made uneven, the sound pressure peak at the resonance point when the film 3 vibrates can be made smooth, Peaks and dips can be suppressed and frequency characteristics can be flattened.
- region of the film 3 vibrates means that the amplitude of a vibration differs between the area
- the protruding width (the protruding distance) of the protruding portion 22a is, for example, 0.05 mm to 2.0 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm in the cross section of FIG. 1C.
- the film 3 when the film 3 is viewed in plan, it may have a shape in which at least a part of the protruding portion 22a is waved.
- the wavy shape portion means a portion where the outer peripheral surface (outer edge of the protruding portion 22a in plan view) protrudes or dents, and the undulation (amplitude) is
- the length of the perpendicular drawn from the apex of the valley located between them is 0.05 mm or more.
- the length of the line segment which connects the vertex of an adjacent mountain and the vertex of a mountain is 0.1 mm or more, for example.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is formed in, for example, a plate shape, and the upper and lower main surfaces are any one of a square shape, a rectangular shape, and a polygonal shape.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is formed on, for example, a laminated body 13 in which piezoelectric layers 7 made of four ceramic layers and three internal electrode layers 9 are alternately laminated, and on the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated body 13. It has surface electrode layers 15 a and 15 b and a pair of external electrodes 17 and 19 provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction x of the laminate 13.
- the external electrode 17 is connected to the surface electrode layers 15a and 15b and one internal electrode layer 9b.
- the external electrode 19 is connected to the two internal electrode layers 9a and 9c.
- the piezoelectric layer 7 is polarized as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1B. When the piezoelectric layers 7a and 7b contract, the piezoelectric layers 7c and 7d extend, or the piezoelectric layers 7a and 7b extend. In this case, a voltage is applied to the external electrodes 17 and 19 so that the piezoelectric layers 7c and 7d contract.
- Upper and lower end portions of the external electrode 19 are extended to the upper and lower surfaces of the multilayer body 13 to form folded external electrodes 19a, respectively.
- These folded external electrodes 19a are surface electrodes formed on the surface of the multilayer body 13.
- a predetermined distance is extended between the surface electrode layers 15a and 15b so as not to contact the layers 15a and 15b.
- the four piezoelectric layers 7 and the three internal electrode layers 9 are formed by being fired at the same time in a stacked state, and the surface electrode layers 15a and 15b are used to form the stacked body 13. Then, a paste is applied and baked.
- the main surface on the film 3 side and the film 3 are joined by a joining material 21.
- the thickness of the bonding material 21 between the piezoelectric element 1 and the film 3 is, for example, 0.02 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the bonding material 21 is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- bonding material 21 known materials such as an epoxy resin, a silicon resin, and a polyester resin can be used.
- a method for curing the resin used for the bonding material 21 any method such as thermosetting, photocuring, and anaerobic curing may be used.
- the acoustic generator of the first form has a resin layer 20 provided on the film 3 (vibrating body) and the protruding portion 22a between the piezoelectric element 1 (exciter) and the frame member 5a. More specifically, the resin layer 20 is formed by filling the resin inside the frame member 5 a so as to embed the piezoelectric element 1. In FIG. 1A, the resin layer is not shown for easy understanding.
- the resin layer 20 can employ an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicon resin, rubber, or the like.
- the resin layer 20 is preferably applied in a state of completely covering the piezoelectric element 1 from the viewpoint of suppressing spurious. Furthermore, since the film 3 serving as the support plate also vibrates integrally with the piezoelectric element 1, the region of the film 3 that is not covered with the piezoelectric element 1 is preferably covered with the resin layer 20 as well.
- the acoustic generator according to the first embodiment can induce an appropriate damping effect with respect to the peak and dip associated with the resonance phenomenon of the piezoelectric element 1 by embedding the piezoelectric element 1 with the resin layer 20. .
- Such a damping effect can suppress a resonance phenomenon and suppress a peak and a dip. As a result, the frequency dependence of the sound pressure can be reduced.
- the piezoelectric layer 7 existing piezoelectric ceramics such as lead zirconate (PZ), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), Bi layered compounds, tungsten bronze structure compounds, etc. are used. Can do.
- the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 7 is preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m, for example, from the viewpoint of low voltage driving.
- the internal electrode layer 9 it is desirable to include a metal component mainly composed of silver and palladium and a material component constituting the piezoelectric layer 7.
- a metal component mainly composed of silver and palladium By including the ceramic component constituting the piezoelectric layer 7 in the internal electrode layer 9, the stress due to the difference in thermal expansion between the piezoelectric layer 7 and the internal electrode layer 9 can be reduced, and the piezoelectric element 1 without stacking failure can be obtained. Can do.
- the internal electrode layer 9 is not particularly limited to a metal component composed of silver and palladium, but may be another metal component, and is limited to a material component constituting the piezoelectric layer 7 as a ceramic component. It may be other ceramic components.
- the material of the surface electrode layers 15a and 15b and the external electrodes 17 and 19 contains a glass component in a metal component mainly composed of silver.
- a strong adhesion can be obtained between the piezoelectric layer 7 and the internal electrode layer 9 and the surface electrode layer 15 or the external electrodes 17 and 19.
- the frame members 5a and 5b are made of stainless steel having a thickness of 100 to 5000 ⁇ m, for example.
- the material of the frame members 5a and 5b is not limited to stainless steel and may be any material that is more difficult to deform than the resin layer 20. For example, hard resin, plastic, engineering plastic, ceramics, etc. can be used. In the form, the material and thickness of the frame members 5a and 5b are not particularly limited.
- the frame shape is not limited to a rectangular shape, and a part of the inner peripheral part may be a circle, an ellipse or a rhombus, or the entire inner peripheral part may be a circle, an ellipse or a rhombus.
- the outer peripheral portion may be circular, elliptical, or rhombus.
- the film 3 is fixed to the frame members 5a and 5b by the bonding material 22 in a state where the film 3 is tensioned in the surface direction by sandwiching the outer periphery of the film 3 between the frame members 5a and 5b. It plays the role of a diaphragm.
- the thickness of the film 3 is, for example, 10 to 200 ⁇ m, and as the material of the film 3, for example, a resin such as polyethylene, polyimide, polypropylene, polystyrene, or paper made of pulp or fiber can be suitably used. By using these materials, peaks and dip can be suppressed.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is prepared.
- a binder, a dispersant, a plasticizer, and a solvent are kneaded with a piezoelectric material powder to produce a slurry.
- a piezoelectric material any of lead-based and non-lead-based materials can be used.
- the slurry can be formed into a sheet shape to obtain a green sheet, and an internal electrode paste is printed on the green sheet to form an internal electrode pattern, and the green sheet on which the electrode pattern is formed 3 Laminated sheets are laminated, and only a green sheet is laminated on the uppermost layer to produce a laminated molded body.
- the laminate 13 can be obtained by degreasing, firing, and cutting the laminate molded body into a predetermined dimension.
- the laminated body 13 processes the outer peripheral part as necessary, prints the paste of the surface electrode layers 15a and 15b on the main surface in the lamination direction of the piezoelectric layer 7 of the laminated body 13, and then continues in the longitudinal direction of the laminated body 13 External electrodes 17 and 19 are printed on both end faces of x, and the electrodes are baked at a predetermined temperature.
- the piezoelectric element 1 as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B can be obtained.
- a DC voltage is applied through the surface electrode layers 15a and 15b or the external electrodes 17 and 19 to polarize the piezoelectric layer 7 of the piezoelectric element 1.
- Such polarization is performed by applying a DC voltage so as to be in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1B.
- a film 3 to be a support is prepared, and the film 3 is fixed to the frame member 5.
- a bonding material is applied in advance to a position where the frame member 5a sandwiches the film 3, and when the film 3 is sandwiched between the frame members 5a and 5b, the bonding material seems to protrude on the film 3 in the frame of the frame members 5a and 5b.
- the protruding portion 22a of the bonding material is formed after curing. In this case, the protruding amount (width) of the protruding portion 22a is adjusted by the amount of the bonding material to be applied and pressing.
- a bonding material for bonding the piezoelectric element is applied to a specific region on the surface of the film 3, the surface electrode 15a side of the piezoelectric element 1 is pressed onto the film 3, and then the bonding material is heated. Or it hardens by ultraviolet irradiation.
- a resin that becomes the resin layer 20 is poured into the frame member 5 a so as to cover the piezoelectric element 1.
- the acoustic generator of the first form can be obtained by completely embedding the piezoelectric element 1 and curing the resin layer 20.
- the sound generator configured as described above has a protruding portion 22a of the bonding material on the film 3 in the frame from the frame member 5a. For this reason, the sound generator of the first embodiment makes uneven the displacement of vibration in each region of the film 3, and as a result, when the film 3 vibrates, the sound pressure peak at the resonance point becomes smooth, and the peak dip is suppressed.
- the frequency characteristic can be flattened.
- the acoustic generator of the first embodiment is such that the bonding material 22 protrudes from the inner edge of the frame member 5 in the lateral direction (the side indicated by W in FIG. 1A).
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the bonding material 22 protrudes from the inner edge of the frame member 5 to the side in the longitudinal direction (the side indicated by L in FIG. 1A).
- the part 22a may be formed. That is, if the bonding material protrudes from the frame member 5 and the film 3 even at one place, the resonance frequency in each region of the film 3 can be made uneven, so that the peak dip is suppressed.
- the frequency characteristic can be flattened.
- the frequency characteristic of the low tone which is a low frequency with a long wavelength can be flattened more actively when it protrudes from the side in the longitudinal direction. And since the sound pressure of a low frequency can be attenuate
- FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example in which the protruding portion 22a of the bonding material 22 is in contact with the inner surface of the frame member 5a.
- the protruding portion 22a of the bonding material 22 is formed on the film 3 from between the frame member 5a and the film 3 as in FIG. 1C.
- the portion 22a is in contact with the inner surface 5aa of the frame member 5a.
- the protruding portion 22a has a concave meniscus shape from the side of the frame member 5a to the end in contact with the film 3. It has become.
- the protruding portion 22a of the bonding material 22 extends over the film 3 and the inner surface of the frame member 5a, not only the peak and dip are suppressed and the frequency characteristics are flattened, but also the acoustic generator Durability can be improved.
- the protruding portion 22a of the bonding material 22 has a concave meniscus shape from the end in contact with the frame member 5a to the end in contact with the film 3, the binding force on the film 3 is Since it gradually decreases toward the center, it is possible to relax the constraint on the vibration of the film 3 that vibrates at various frequencies. As a result, the sound generator according to the first embodiment can stabilize the sound and improve the durability.
- the frame member 5a A surface active agent having good wettability and a bonding material may be applied in advance to the inner surface 5aa of 5b, the bonding material may be applied, and then cured by heating or ultraviolet irradiation.
- FIG. 1A only the protruding portion 22a of the bonding material is illustrated for easy understanding, but the acoustic generator may have a plurality of protruding portions formed in the same manner as the protruding portion 22a. Good.
- the present embodiment may be implemented in various different forms other than the above-described forms. Therefore, in the following, with reference to FIG. 2, the film 3 is sandwiched between the frame members 5a and 5b, and the bonding material protruding portions are formed on both surfaces of the film 3 in the frame from the frame members 5a and 5b. A generator is demonstrated as a 2nd form.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a second type of sound generator.
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the sound generator cut in the longitudinal direction, as in FIG. 1B, and the resin layer is not shown for easy understanding.
- the sound generator of the second form has the piezoelectric element 1 attached to the upper surface of the film 3 in the same manner as the sound generator of the first form, and the film 3 in the frame from the frame member 5a.
- the protruding portions 22b and 22c of the bonding material are formed on the top. Further, the protruding portions 22b and 22c of the bonding material extend to the inner surfaces of the film 3 and the frame member 5a, and the cross-sectional view thereof is a meniscus shape.
- the protruding portions 22 d and 22 e of the bonding material are formed on the film 3 in the frame from the frame member 5 b also on the lower surface of the film 3. Also in this case, the protruding portions 22d and 22e of the bonding material extend to the inner surfaces of the film 3 and the frame member 5b, and the cross-sectional view thereof is a meniscus shape.
- the protruding portions 22b to 22e of the bonding material are formed by the same method as in the first embodiment.
- the sound generator of the second embodiment configured as described above sandwiches the film 3 between the frame members 5a and 5b, and is installed on both surfaces of the film 3 so as to extend from the frame members 5a and 5b to both surfaces of the film 3 in the frame. There are protruding portions 22b to 22e of the bonded material. For this reason, the acoustic generator of the second embodiment can improve durability while flattening the frequency characteristics.
- the protruding portions 22b to 22e extend to the inner surfaces of the film 3 and the frame member 5, and the cross section thereof has a meniscus shape.
- the vibration of the film 3 is difficult to be restrained, the sound pressure can be stabilized and the durability can be improved.
- the first embodiment and the second embodiment have been described so far, but this embodiment may be implemented in various different forms other than the above-described forms. Therefore, in the following, with reference to FIG. 3, a description will be given of a third embodiment of the sound generator in which the amount of protrusion (the width of the protrusion) when viewed in plan on both surfaces of the film 3 is different.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a third embodiment of the sound generator.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the sound generator cut in the longitudinal direction, as in FIG. 1B, and the resin layer is not shown for easy understanding.
- the sound generator of the third form is formed with protruding portions 22 f and 22 g of the bonding material on the upper surface of the film 3 from the frame member 5 a, similarly to the sound generator of the second form.
- protruding portions 22h and 22i of the bonding material are formed on the lower surface of the film 3.
- the protruding portions 22f to 22i extend to the inner surfaces of the frame members 5a and 5b, and have a meniscus shape.
- the width at which the protruding portion 22f of the bonding material protrudes on the film 3 is different from the width at which the protruding portion 22h of the bonding material protrudes on the film 3.
- the difference in width is shown as (A). That is, the area where the protruding portion 22 f of the bonding material protrudes from the upper surface of the film 3 is different from the area where the protruding portion 22 h of the bonding material protrudes from the lower surface of the film 3.
- the acoustic generator of the third form has a difference in the amplitude between the upper and lower sides, and as a result of suppressing the resonance of the film itself, the sound pressure peak at the resonance point in the film 3 can be spread low, Thereby, the frequency characteristic can be flattened.
- the protruding portions 22f to 22i may not be in contact with the inner side surface of the frame member 5.
- the example in which the widths of the protruding portions 22f to 22i of the bonding material 22 formed on the upper and lower sides of the film 3 are different is described.
- the width of the protruding portions 22f to 22i is not changed, and the film 3
- the protruding portions 22f and 22g of the bonding material protruding on the upper surface of the film and the protruding portions 22h and 22i of the bonding material protruding on the lower surface of the film 3 may be different from each other in a plan view.
- the protruding portions 22 f and 22 g may protrude from the short side of the inner edge of the frame member 5, and the protruding portions 22 h and 22 i may protrude from the long side of the inner edge of the frame member 5.
- the protruding portion may be provided only on the upper surface of the film 3, or the protruding portion may be provided only on the lower surface of the film 3.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the sound generator.
- the film 3 is stretched only in one direction of the frame member 5 c, and the piezoelectric element 1 is provided on the frame member 5 c side of the film 3.
- the film 3 is attached to the upper portion of the frame member 5c in a tensioned state, and protruding portions 22j and 22k of the bonding material are formed on the film 3 from the frame member 5c.
- the protruding portions 22j and 22k extend to the inner surface of the frame member 5c and may have a meniscus shape.
- the piezoelectric element 1 may be provided on the surface opposite to the frame member 5 c of the film 3.
- the acoustic generator according to the fourth embodiment can suppress the peak dip and flatten the frequency characteristics regardless of the structure of the frame member 5 and the position where the piezoelectric element 1 is attached.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a fifth embodiment of the sound generator. Note that the resin layer is not shown in FIG. 5 as in FIG. 1A.
- the fifth embodiment of the sound generator has a protruding portion of the protruding portion 22 l of the bonding material on the entire circumference of the inner edge of the frame member 5. Further, the protruding portion 22l of the bonding material has different widths W protruding from the frame member 5 onto the film 3 at each position. For example, when the film 3 is viewed in plan, at least a part of the protruding portion 221 has a wavy shape.
- the acoustic generator according to the fifth embodiment configured as described above can disperse the stress accompanying the vibration of the film 3 non-uniformly, so that the durability against cracks can be improved.
- the acoustic generator of the fifth embodiment has the protruding portion 22l of the bonding material that protrudes unevenly around the entire inner edge of the frame member 5, the shared frequency in each region of the film 3 is uneven, and the peak dip is generated. And frequency characteristics can be flattened.
- the protruding portion 22l of the bonding material does not have to be in contact with the inner side surface 5aa of the frame member 5a. Further, the protruding portion 22l of the bonding material may be in contact with the film 3 and the inner side surface 5aa of the frame member 5a, and the cross section thereof may have a meniscus shape. In such a case, the sound generator of the second form can stabilize the sound and further improve the durability.
- the sound generator of the fifth embodiment has the protruding portions of the bonding material that protrudes non-uniformly around the entire inner edge of the frame member 5 on both surfaces of the film 3 in the same manner as the sound generator of the second embodiment. May be. In such a case, the sound generator of the fifth embodiment can further improve the durability. Further, the fifth embodiment of the sound generator is similar to the third embodiment of the sound generator, even if the upper surface and the lower surface of the film 3 are different in the width of the protruding portion on the film 3 or the shape in plan view. Good. In such a case, the sound generator of the fifth embodiment can disperse the stress accompanying the vibration of the film 3, thereby improving the durability against cracks and the sound pressure at the resonance point.
- the frame member 5 may be provided only on the upper surface or the lower surface of the film 3 as in the fourth embodiment. (6th form) Now, although each form of the embodiment has been described so far, this embodiment may be implemented in various different forms other than the form described above. Therefore, hereinafter, other modes included in the present embodiment will be described.
- the sound generators of the first to fifth embodiments have the protruding portions 22a to 22l of the bonding material from the frame member 5 onto the film 3 in the frame.
- the embodiment is not limited to this.
- the protruding portions 22a to 22l of the bonding materials may include pores, so-called voids, inside.
- the sound generator having the protruding portion 22m including pores will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which pores are distributed in the protruding portion of the bonding material.
- the protruding portion 22 m is formed on the film 3 in the frame from the frame member 5, and the protruding portion 22 m extends to the inner surface of the end member 5.
- the protruding portion 22m has a meniscus shape.
- the protruding portion 22m includes a large number of pores 30a.
- a typical example of the outer shape of the pores 30a is a spherical shape, but other shapes may also be used.
- the stress generated by the vibration of the film 3 is concentrated near the pores 30a.
- the pores 30a suppress the propagation of vibration generated around the frame member 5 serving as a vibration node, noise generated in the frame member 5 can be suppressed, and thus a clear sound can be obtained.
- the protruding portion 22m can suppress the vibration generated around the frame member 5 regardless of the propagation direction when the outer shape of the pores 30a is spherical. Thereby, a clearer sound can be obtained.
- the pores 30a may be distributed over the entire protruding portion 22m, or the pores may be distributed near the interface with the film 3.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which pores are distributed near the interface with the vibrating body.
- the protrusions 22 n when the protrusions 22 n are distributed in the vicinity of the interface of the film 3, the protrusions 22 n more effectively vibrate by distributing a large number of the holes 30 a closer to the vibrating film 3. Since it can be lost, the difference in the peak dip of the sound pressure can be reduced more effectively.
- the bonding material may protrude from the outer side a of the frame member 5, and the protruding bonding material may extend to the outer surface of the frame member 5. Even in such a sound generator, the durability can be further improved while flattening the frequency characteristics.
- a bimorph type piezoelectric element has been exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the present invention is not limited to the case where the piezoelectric element is a bimorph type, and each of the above embodiments can be adopted even if it is a unimorph type.
- the sound generator 1 can also be configured as a sound generator, a so-called “speaker device” by being housed in a housing that houses the sound generator, a so-called resonance box.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the sound generation device 20 according to the embodiment, which will be described with reference to FIG. 8. In the figure, only components necessary for explanation are shown, and descriptions of general components are omitted.
- the sound generator 20 is a sound generation device such as a so-called speaker, and includes, for example, a sound generator 1 and a housing 30 that houses the sound generator 1 as shown in FIG.
- the housing 30 resonates the sound generated by the sound generator 1 and radiates the sound to the outside through an opening (not shown) formed in the housing 30.
- the sound pressure in a low frequency band can be increased.
- the sound generator 1 has at least an electronic circuit connected to the sound generator and a housing that houses the electronic circuit and the sound generator, and has a function of generating sound from the sound generator.
- the electronic device can also be configured.
- the electronic device 50 is a mobile terminal device such as a mobile phone or a tablet terminal.
- the electronic device 50 includes an electronic circuit 60.
- the electronic circuit 60 includes, for example, a controller 50a, a transmission / reception unit 50b, a key input unit 50c, and a microphone input unit 50d.
- the electronic circuit 60 is connected to the sound generator 1 and has a function of outputting an audio signal to the sound generator 1.
- the sound generator 1 generates sound based on the sound signal input from the electronic circuit 60.
- the electronic device 50 includes a display unit 50e, an antenna 50f, and the sound generator 1. Further, the electronic device 50 includes a housing 40 that accommodates these devices.
- FIG. 9 shows a state in which each device including the controller 50a is accommodated in one casing 40
- the accommodation form of each device is not limited. In the present embodiment, it is sufficient that at least the electronic circuit 60 and the sound generator 1 are accommodated in one housing 40.
- the controller 50 a is a control unit of the electronic device 50.
- the transmission / reception unit 50b transmits / receives data via the antenna 50f based on the control of the controller 50a.
- the key input unit 50c is an input device of the electronic device 50 and accepts a key input operation by an operator.
- the microphone input unit 50d is also an input device of the electronic device 50, and accepts a voice input operation by an operator.
- the display unit 50e is a display output device of the electronic device 50, and outputs display information based on the control of the controller 50a.
- the sound generator 1 operates as a sound output device in the electronic device 50.
- the sound generator 1 is connected to the controller 50a of the electronic circuit 60, and emits sound upon application of a voltage controlled by the controller 50a.
- the electronic device 50 is described as being a portable terminal device.
- the electronic device 50 is not limited to the type of the electronic device 50, and may be applied to various consumer devices having a function of emitting sound.
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Abstract
Description
(第1形態)
[音響発生器の構造]
まず、音響発生器の第1形態を図1A及び図1Bに基づいて説明する。図1Aは、第1形態の音響発生器を示す平面図であり、また、図1Bは、第1形態の音響発生器を示す断面図である。なお、図1Bには、図1Aに示すA-A線に沿った断面図が示されている。また、図1Bでは、理解を容易にするために、励振器1として示した積層型の圧電素子1の厚み方向(y方向)を拡大して示している。
[製法]
本発明の音響発生器の製法について説明する。
(第2形態)
これまで第1形態について説明したが、本実施形態は上述した形態以外にも、種々の異なる形態にて実施されてよいものである。そこで、以下では、図2を用いて、フィルム3が枠部材5a、5bに挟持されており、枠部材5a、5bから枠内のフィルム3の両面に接合材のはみ出し部が形成されている音響発生器を第2形態として説明する。
(第3形態)
これまで第1形態、及び第2形態について説明したが、本実施形態は上述した形態以外にも、種々の異なる形態にて実施されてよいものである。そこで、以下では、図3を用いて、フィルム3の両面で平面視したときのはみ出し量(はみ出し部の幅)が異なる第3形態の音響発生器について説明する。
(第4形態)
これまで第1形態から第3形態について説明したが、本実施形態は上述した形態以外にも、種々の異なる形態にて実施されてよいものである。そこで、以下では、図4を用いて、フィルム3が1つの枠部材に貼り付けられている第4形態の音響発生器について説明する。
(第5形態)
これまで第1形態から第4形態について説明したが、本実施形態は上述した形態以外にも、種々の異なる形態にて実施されてよいものである。そこで、以下では、図5を用いて、フィルム3上に形成された接合材のはみ出し部22lが、はみ出した幅Wを異ならせて枠部剤5の内縁の全周に形成されている音響発生器を第5形態として説明する。
(第6形態)
さて、これまで実施形態の各形態について説明したが、本実施形態は上述した形態以外にも、種々の異なる形態にて実施されてよいものである。そこで、以下では、本実施形態に含まれる他の形態を説明する。
[接合材に対する気孔の添加]
例えば、第1形態から第5形態の音響発生器は、枠部材5から枠内のフィルム3上に接合材のはみ出し部22a~22lを有していた。しかし、実施例はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば、各接合材のはみ出し部22a~22lは、内部に気孔、いわゆるボイドを含んでいても良い。以下、図6を用いて、内部に気孔を含んだはみ出し部22mを有する音響発生器について説明する。
(第7形態)
上述の形態に加え、さらに、枠部材5の外側aに接合材がはみ出し、はみ出した接合材が枠部材5の外側面に及んでいてもよい。このような形態の音響発生器においても、周波数特性を平坦化しつつ、さらに耐久性を向上させることができる。
[適用範囲]
例えば、上記の各実施形態では、バイモルフ型の圧電素子を例示したが、本発明はこれに限定されない。すなわち、本発明は、圧電素子がバイモルフ型である場合に限定されず、ユニモルフ型であっても上記の各実施形態を採用することができる。
[スピーカ装置]
音響発生器1は、当該音響発生器を収容する筐体、いわゆる共鳴ボックスへ収容することによって音響発生装置、いわゆる「スピーカ装置」として構成することもできる。図8は、実施形態に係る音響発生装置20の構成を示す図であり、図8にそって説明する。なお、図には、説明に必要となる構成要素のみを示しており、一般的な構成要素についての記載を省略している。
バイル端末に搭載される中型または小型のスピーカ装置として構成することもできる。なお、スピーカ装置は、上記の用途に限定されず、掃除機、洗濯機や冷蔵庫などの任意の電子機器に搭載するスピーカ装置として構成することができる。
[電子機器]
さらに、音響発生器1は、当該音響発生器に接続された電子回路と、該電子回路および音響発生器を収容する筐体とを少なくとも有しており、音響発生器から音響を発生させる機能を有する電子機器として構成することもできる。図9は、実施形態に係る電子機器50の構成を示す図であり、図9にそって説明する。なお、図には、説明に必要となる構成要素のみを示しており、一般的な構成要素についての記載を省略している。また、次に示す図9では、電子機器50が、携帯電話やタブレット端末のような携帯端末装置である。
3 フィルム
5、5a、5b、5c 枠部材
7、7a、7b、7c、7d 圧電体層
9、9a、9b、9c 内部電極層
13 積層体
15a、15b 表面電極層
17、19 外部電極
20 樹脂層
21、22 接合材
22a、22b、22c、22d、22e、22f、22g、22h、22i、22j、22k、22l、22m、22n はみ出し部
30a 気孔
x 積層体の長手方向
y 圧電素子の厚み方向
Claims (12)
- 振動体と、
該振動体の外周部に接合材により貼り付けられた枠部材と、
該枠部材の枠内の前記振動体上に設けられた励振器とを有し、
前記枠部材から枠内の前記振動体上に前記接合材のはみ出し部を有していることを特徴とする音響発生器。 - 前記はみ出し部は前記枠部材の内側面に及んでいることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の音響発生器。
- 前記はみ出し部がメニスカス状であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の音響発生器。
- 前記振動体は、その両面が前記枠部材に挟持されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1つに記載の音響発生器。
- 前記はみ出し部は、前記振動体の上面と下面とで、平面視したときのはみ出し量が異なることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の音響発生器。
- 前記はみ出し部が、幅を異ならせて前記枠部材の内縁の全周に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか1つに記載の音響発生器。
- 前記はみ出し部が気孔を有していることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか1つに記載の音響発生器。
- 前記気孔が球形状であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の音響発生器。
- 前記励振器はバイモルフ型の圧電素子であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか1つに記載の音響発生器。
- 前記励振器と前記枠部材との間の前記振動体上および前記はみ出し部上に設けられた樹脂層を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項9のいずれか1つに記載の音響発生器。
- 請求項1乃至請求項10のいずれか1つに記載の音響発生器と、
該音響発生器を収容する筐体と
を少なくとも有することを特徴とする音響発生装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項10のいずれか1つに記載の音響発生器と、
該音響発生器に接続された電子回路と、
該電子回路および前記音響発生器を収容する筐体と
を少なくとも有しており、
前記音響発生器から音響を発生させる機能を有することを特徴とする電子機器。
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JP2014531447A JP5677637B2 (ja) | 2012-09-19 | 2013-07-31 | 音響発生器、音響発生装置及び電子機器 |
US14/369,894 US9277327B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2013-07-31 | Acoustic generator, acoustic generating device, and electronic device |
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US9070355B2 (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2015-06-30 | Kyocera Corporation | Acoustic generator, acoustic generation device, and electronic device |
US10231060B2 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2019-03-12 | Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electrostatic headphones |
DE102019116080A1 (de) | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-17 | USound GmbH | MEMS-Schallwandler mit einer aus Polymer ausgebildeten Membran |
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JP3840604B2 (ja) | 2000-03-31 | 2006-11-01 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 圧電スピーカの製造方法 |
JP2004023436A (ja) | 2002-06-17 | 2004-01-22 | Nihon Ceratec Co Ltd | 圧電スピーカ |
CN1894999B (zh) * | 2003-12-25 | 2012-12-26 | 株式会社村田制作所 | 压电电声变换器 |
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2013
- 2013-07-31 CN CN201380004460.5A patent/CN104012116B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-07-31 JP JP2014531447A patent/JP5677637B2/ja active Active
- 2013-07-31 US US14/369,894 patent/US9277327B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-07-31 WO PCT/JP2013/070780 patent/WO2014045719A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2001024460A (ja) * | 1999-07-06 | 2001-01-26 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 圧電振動板の製造方法 |
JP2010103977A (ja) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-05-06 | Kyocera Corp | 振動体 |
JP2011249990A (ja) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-12-08 | Kyocera Corp | 圧電スピーカ |
JP2012110018A (ja) * | 2010-06-25 | 2012-06-07 | Kyocera Corp | 音響発生器 |
Also Published As
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US9277327B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 |
CN104012116A (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
CN104012116B (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
JPWO2014045719A1 (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
JP5677637B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
US20150003643A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
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