WO2014032546A1 - 一种用于安全带的卷收器、扭力杆、卷轴、端盖和安全带总成 - Google Patents

一种用于安全带的卷收器、扭力杆、卷轴、端盖和安全带总成 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014032546A1
WO2014032546A1 PCT/CN2013/082175 CN2013082175W WO2014032546A1 WO 2014032546 A1 WO2014032546 A1 WO 2014032546A1 CN 2013082175 W CN2013082175 W CN 2013082175W WO 2014032546 A1 WO2014032546 A1 WO 2014032546A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
torsion bar
retractor
mandrel
teeth
tooth
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/082175
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘学军
Original Assignee
上海和励信息科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201210309320.6A external-priority patent/CN102837665B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210309026.5A external-priority patent/CN102923091B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210309066.XA external-priority patent/CN102837664B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210308979.XA external-priority patent/CN102837663B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210496376.7A external-priority patent/CN103847684B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310032779.0A external-priority patent/CN103963737B/zh
Application filed by 上海和励信息科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海和励信息科技有限公司
Priority to EP13833997.3A priority Critical patent/EP2889191B1/en
Priority to US14/421,457 priority patent/US9718437B2/en
Publication of WO2014032546A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014032546A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B60R22/341—Belt retractors, e.g. reels comprising energy-absorbing means
    • B60R22/3413—Belt retractors, e.g. reels comprising energy-absorbing means operating between belt reel and retractor frame
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B60R2022/3402—Retractor casings; Mounting thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • B60R2022/3427—Seat belt connection on reels

Definitions

  • the application date is 2012-08-27, the name is 'a retractor and seat belt assembly for seat belts', the application number is 201210309066.X;
  • the present invention relates to seat belt technology, and more particularly to a retractor for a seat belt.
  • the invention also relates to a seat belt assembly using the retractor and a torsion bar, reel and end cap for the retractor of the above-mentioned seat belt.
  • Seat belts are important passive safety components for use in automobiles. In the event of a collision, the seat belt protects the user from or from secondary damage during a collision.
  • the standard three-point seat belt originally designed for use in car seats includes only a locking mechanism and a webbing for securing the user (human body).
  • the locking mechanism is locked and the webbing is no longer stretched outwards, thereby tying the user to the car seat.
  • the momentum change caused by the velocity change during the collision is very short, so that the force of the webbing on the user is very large, for example, 8-10 kN. It can cause the user's ribs to break or even more serious injuries.
  • the standard seat belt has been further improved, and a force-limiting seat belt is proposed, that is, at the moment of collision, the force of the webbing on the human body can be restricted by a certain force-limiting mechanism, and the human body is not subjected to the webbing itself. Damage to achieve maximum protection for the user.
  • the disclosed safety device includes a U-shaped frame, a reel, and a torsion bar.
  • a circular hole with internal teeth is provided in the U
  • the spool includes a mandrel for winding the webbing and a separate end cap disposed at both ends of the mandrel.
  • the reel being rotatably and floatingly disposed on the U-shaped frame, and both ends of the cover are respectively disposed on the U In the circular hole of the frame, in the normal state, the external teeth on the end cap do not mesh with the internal teeth of the circular hole, and the reel can be rotated in the circular hole to wrap the webbing or release the webbing.
  • the torsion bar is in the shape of a rod, is disposed in the reel along the axis of the reel, and is connected by the inner and outer teeth at the center of the axis of the reel; furthermore, the two ends of the torsion bar pass through the two end covers The center extends beyond the end cap and engages the internal teeth on the end caps by external teeth.
  • the above-mentioned force-limiting mounting device works as follows: in the event of a collision, the sensing device triggers an action mechanism including a gas generator such that the external teeth on the end cap of the reel and the U The internal teeth of the frame are engaged, and the reel is changed from a rotatable floating state (also referred to as a free state) to a locked state. The webbing wound on the reel is no longer released outward. Thereby the user is fixed to the seat. During this process, the webbing is subjected to a greater amount of force from the user's forward movement due to inertia, which is always rotating at the mandrel that attempts to pull the reel.
  • the mandrel is fixed to the torsion bar engaged with the torsion bar and the end cap engaged with the torsion bar U
  • the frame cannot be rotated.
  • the traction force of the webbing is large enough to cause the torsion bar to twist and rotate, the mandrel will rotate at a certain angle, so that the webbing will be released for a certain length, so that the user can generate a certain displacement forward and reduce the webbing effect.
  • the pulling force on the user achieves the effect of limiting the force of the webbing on the user, and the force limiting effect is obtained.
  • the torsion bar is fixed at both ends, and the middle section engages the mandrel through the inner and outer teeth, so that the torsional deformation is uniformly distributed on the entire torsion bar, preventing local stress from being concentrated and broken, and the material of the torsion bar can be fully utilized to generate stability. Consistent force limiting effect.
  • the deformation process of the torsion bar is symmetrical, so that the retractor frame is balanced by force and the torsional deformation of the frame is small.
  • the force-limiting safety device disclosed in the above-mentioned European patent also has certain drawbacks, the main problem being that it uses the circumferential outer teeth on the end cover of the reel and U
  • the circumferential internal teeth provided on the frame wall of the frame cooperate to lock, and the locking position thereof is not fixed, and may occur in a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction; this makes the retractor lock the uncertainty, which is difficult Accurate control. There is room for improvement.
  • the present invention provides a retractor for a seat belt which overcomes the problem that the retractor locking position in the prior art is not fixed, and is advantageous for improving the stability of the seat belt using the retractor.
  • the present invention also provides a harness assembly using the belt retractor that has all of the benefits of the retractor.
  • the present invention also provides a torsion bar for a retractor for a seat belt.
  • the present invention also provides a reel for a retractor for a seat belt.
  • the invention also provides an end cap for a retractor for a seat belt.
  • the invention provides a retractor for a safety belt, comprising: a retractor frame, a reel and a torsion bar; wherein
  • the retractor frame includes two opposite side walls; a circular hole with an inner tooth segment is disposed at a corresponding position of the two side walls; the tooth segment is disposed at a position corresponding to an outward pulling direction of the webbing;
  • the reel includes a mandrel provided with a mandrel through hole along the central axis and for winding the webbing, and two separate end caps respectively disposed at two ends of the mandrel; and an outer circumference of the end cap is disposed with the inner side of the frame External teeth that match the teeth;
  • the torsion bar is in the shape of a rod and is disposed in the mandrel through hole along the axis of the reel, and the two ends thereof extend at least to the end caps on both sides of the mandrel; the torsion bar is provided with a middle section in the middle of the axial direction An external tooth
  • the torsion bar is connected to the separated end caps at both ends by adopting a structure in which an inner concave side of the end cover facing the mandrel is disposed at a central position of the end surface with a central recessed hole with internal teeth;
  • the torsion bar end is inserted into the central recess of the end cap, and the torsion bar end is provided with end outer teeth, and the inner recess of the inner end surface of the end cap is provided with internal teeth, and the two are engaged.
  • the middle portion of the middle portion of the torsion bar is disposed at a position corresponding to the fixing groove of the mandrel passing through and fixing the end portion of the belt webbing portion; the end portion of the torsion bar is disposed at one end portion
  • the tooth is provided with an anti-missing tooth in a position corresponding to the above-mentioned avoiding tooth defect in the circumferential direction; correspondingly, the end cap corresponding to the end of the torsion bar provided with the anti-missing tooth missing, the inner concave hole of the inner side surface thereof
  • a notch structure is provided which cooperates with the missing teeth.
  • the torsion bar is engaged with the end cap by a gear at an intersection position with one of the end caps, the end cap being referred to as a first end cap;
  • an annular ring gear provided with an external thread on the outer circumference and an inner tooth provided with an inner tooth, the other end cover being referred to as a second end cover; and the ring is disposed at the center of the end surface side of the second end cover toward the mandrel a threaded hole corresponding to the outer peripheral thread of the ring gear; an outer tooth corresponding to the inner tooth of the annular ring gear is disposed at an end of the torsion bar corresponding to the second end cover; and the end of the torsion bar is assembled after assembly An external tooth is placed in the annular ring gear, the annular ring gear being threaded into the threaded bore of the second end cap.
  • the outer tooth profile of the outer tooth of the middle portion of the torsion bar is inclined toward the end where the error-proof notch is provided.
  • the axial length of the torsion bar is not greater than the axial length of the end cap.
  • the torsion bar is axially separated into two sections that are butted together, each of the torsion bars is provided with external teeth at both ends, and the external tooth profiles of the two end portions of the torsion bar are aligned; the two torsion forces are The circumferential outer teeth of the rod abutting ends together constitute the middle outer teeth.
  • the two sections of the torsion bar respectively have different diameters and/or different materials.
  • the effective lengths of the rod segments on both sides of the circumferential outer teeth located in the middle of the torsion bar are different in the axial direction;
  • the effective length refers to an axial length of a portion of the torsion bar or the rod segment except the shaft segment where the outer teeth of the both ends are located.
  • At least two force limiting pins are disposed on each side of the mandrel; the force limiting pin is fixed to the end surface of the mandrel, and is inserted into the pin hole of the end cover corresponding to the position of the force limiting pin; or The force limiting pin is fixed to the end cover and inserted into a pin hole on the end surface of the mandrel corresponding to the position of the force limiting pin.
  • the two force limiting pins at the two ends of the mandrel are disposed at different positions, which can prevent the assembly of the left and right end caps from being wrong, and ensure that the external teeth of the two end covers are disassembled and fixed at an angle after assembly.
  • the end surface of the mandrel adjacent to the end cover is provided with a mating stop, and the stop position is provided with a wear ring;
  • An annular boss is disposed on an outer outer edge of each of the end caps, and a avoidance stop is disposed at a corresponding position of the end faces of the mandrel and the annular boss.
  • the present invention provides a seat belt assembly using the retractor of any of the preceding technical solutions.
  • the present invention provides a torsion bar which is applied to a seat belt retractor, wherein the torsion bar has a rod shape, and peripheral teeth are provided at both end portions and the middle portion thereof, and are located at both ends of the torsion bar.
  • the teeth cooperate with the inner concave teeth of the end faces of the end caps on the retractor;
  • the torsion bar is integrally formed; or
  • the torsion bar is axially separated into two sections that are butted together, each of the torsion bars is provided with external teeth at both ends, and the external tooth profiles of the two end portions of the torsion bar are aligned; the two torsion forces are
  • the circumferential outer teeth of the rod abutting ends together constitute the outer teeth provided in the middle portion.
  • the effective lengths of the rod segments on both sides of the circumferential outer teeth located in the middle of the torsion bar are different in the axial direction;
  • the effective length refers to an axial length of a portion of the torsion bar or the rod segment except the shaft segment where the outer teeth of the both ends are located.
  • the present invention provides a reel for use in any of the retractors described above, wherein
  • the reel includes a mandrel provided with a mandrel through hole along the central axis and for winding the webbing, and two separate end caps respectively disposed at two ends of the mandrel;
  • the end cover has a flat cylindrical shape; each end cover is provided with an external tooth on the outer circumference of the side wall of the retractor frame, and an inner tooth is disposed at a center position of the inner end surface of the mandrel.
  • the inner tooth profile of the central recessed hole is matched with an outer tooth profile of one end portion of the torsion bar; a middle section of the through hole of the mandrel central axis position is provided with the torsion bar
  • the inner teeth of the middle outer teeth are matched.
  • An end cap provided by the present invention is applicable to the retractor of any one of the above, wherein
  • the end cap is in the form of a flat cylinder; the outer teeth are provided along the outer circumference thereof with the external teeth of the side wall of the retractor frame, and the center of the inner end face of the mandrel is provided with the center of the inner tooth a concave hole, the internal tooth profile of the central recess is matched with an external tooth profile of one end of the torsion bar;
  • the end cap has a flat cylindrical shape; and an outer tooth is disposed along the outer circumference thereof with an inner tooth profile of the side wall of the retractor frame,
  • the end cap further includes an annular ring gear provided with an external thread on the outer circumference and an inner tooth provided with an inner tooth, and a threaded hole matched with the outer circumferential thread of the annular ring gear is disposed at a center of the end surface side of the end cover body toward the mandrel
  • the annular ring gear is integrally assembled with
  • the retractor of the present invention has an inner tooth segment in the through hole of the frame instead of a full ring tooth; and the inner tooth segment is disposed at a position corresponding to the outer pulling direction of the webbing; the inner tooth segment is set by the position, Fixing the locking position of the retractor at the position where the inner tooth segment is disposed; overcoming the problem that the retractor locking position in the prior art is not fixed, which is advantageous for improving the accuracy of the retractor control, thereby improving the inclusion The stability of the seat belt used with the retractor.
  • both ends of the torsion bar of the retractor are disposed at the two end covers of the reel without the end cap being worn, and the length of the torsion bar is shortened relative to the torsion bar in the background art;
  • the protruding portion of the technology is replaced by a protruding shaft disposed outside the end cover in the seat belt retractor; when a collision occurs, the webbing drives the mandrel to rotate, and the torsion bar is rotated by the inner tooth of the middle portion
  • the two end covers are locked on the frame, and the two end covers simultaneously engage the two ends of the torsion bar so that the two ends of the torsion bar cannot rotate.
  • the torsion bar rotates in the middle, and the two ends do not rotate, so that it is subjected to the torsion force.
  • the torsion force is sufficiently large, the torsion bar will be twisted and deformed, so that the mandrel rotates at a certain angle, and the part of the webbing is released, and the webbing is released.
  • the force acting on the body of the seat belt user is reduced.
  • the torsion bar length used in the present invention is shorter than that in the background art, and does not protrude beyond the end cover in the axial direction, which makes the torsion bar less susceptible to bending deformation and is not subject to other constraints from the side end caps.
  • the overall force condition of the torsion bar is simplified, and the use process is safer and more stable.
  • the torsion bar is not easy to bend and deform, and the relative angle between the mandrel and the end cap can be maintained without causing local metal friction and gluing between the mandrel and the end cap; in addition, since the material of the torsion bar needs to meet special conditions Torque requirements, high cost, high manufacturing requirements, and the use of a short torsion bar of the present invention can also save costs.
  • the inner side of the end cap of the present invention is provided with a structure in which the boss is inserted into the corresponding opening of the mandrel, and can bear the traction force of the webbing and is transmitted to the frame, thereby further avoiding the torsion bar from being received.
  • the belt is pulled and deformed by bending; the bosses of the end caps of the seat belt retractor and the ends of the mandrel are arranged to transmit the traction force of the webbing to the frame, so that the torsion bar only bears the torsional moment from the mandrel And the reaction torque of the end cap, the force condition is simple and controllable, can obtain a more consistent force limiting effect, and is safer and more stable during use.
  • a force limiting pin is also disposed between the mandrel and the end cap of the retractor, the force limiting pin being broken when the tensile force of the core bearing is greater than a predetermined value.
  • the mandrel transmits the torque to the end cap through the force limiting pin; after the force limiting pin breaks, the torsion bar transmits the torque to the end cap. Since the force limit value of the breaking of the force limiting pin is more constant, the structure can obtain a stable force limiting effect.
  • the torsion bar of the retractor is divided into two coaxial sections; two torque members of the same diameter or different diameters are combined, and a plurality of torque values can be combined, thereby Forming a retractor with a plurality of force limiting values can meet different requirements of different automobile manufacturers for the force limit value of the seat belt; in addition, since the torsion bar is made of a special material and processed by a cold heading process, for each diameter The torsion bar must have a separate mold, and the manufacturing equipment and the mold are very expensive. With the two-stage torsion bar, the torsion bar segment processed by using less machining mold can be realized, and multiple pieces can be obtained by combination. The required force limit value can reduce the number of mold opening and save manufacturing costs.
  • the torsion bar for the seat belt retractor has different effective lengths in the axial direction of the rod segments on both sides of the outer teeth, and the torsion bar is applied to the seat belt,
  • the segment with a shorter effective length first breaks due to greater deformation. This process causes a significant change in the force limit value of the torsion bar; before the failure occurs, the torsion bar is all The effective length resists the tension of the webbing, so the force limit value is relatively high.
  • the first-stage force limit with higher force-limiting value is realized; after the fracture failure occurs, the mandrel continues to rotate under the webbing pull until the effective length is compared.
  • the long segment breaks when the number of fracture turns is reached, and the second limit force with lower force limit value is realized in the above stage; at this stage, since the segment with the effective length is broken, the tensile force of the webbing is only The segment that has not been broken, therefore, the force limit value at this stage is small.
  • the seat belt achieves the effect of decreasing the force during the collision process, which can more effectively protect the seat belt user.
  • a retractor for a seat belt wherein one end of the torsion bar is engaged with the first end cover through a gear, and the other end is screwed to the second end cover by a thread. But it does not tighten but retains a certain number of turns of pitch; using this structure can achieve incremental force limiting; the specific implementation process is as follows : Applying the safety device of the retractor, in the event of a collision, the webbing drives the mandrel to rotate, and the middle portion of the torsion bar meshes with the inner teeth of the mandrel through the circumferential outer teeth of the middle portion, so that the tension of the webbing is received, and the torsion bar is rotated; And when the webbing is tightened, the two end caps of the mandrel are locked on the frame, wherein the end of the torsion bar engaged with the first end cap is fixed and cannot be rotated, and the end end of the second end cap is screwed And the second end cover retains a
  • the first rod segment and the second rod segment are simultaneously subjected to the force, and both rotate, and the webbing is released again, thereby realizing the second.
  • the limit force because the force limit value of the first stage limit force is determined by the first rod segment, and the force limit value of the second stage force limit is determined by the first rod segment and the second rod segment simultaneously, the second stage force limitation
  • the value is greater than the first-order force limit value, that is, the incremental force limit is now applied; the safety device applying the above-mentioned incremental force limit is particularly important for the case where no other safety measures (such as airbags) are simultaneously protected; for example; , the rear of the car, Or a child seat or the like where the airbag is not normally installed, and the use of the above-mentioned incremental force-limiting seat belt may provide better protection; the reason is that in the absence of an airbag, in the event of a collision, the operation cannot be allowed.
  • the present invention also provides a safety belt using the above retractor, and the beneficial effects brought by the above retractor can be obtained.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a retractor for a seat belt according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the reel of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2 along the axial direction of the reel;
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of the assembly of the reel member and the torsion bar
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a torsion bar in a retractor according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 shows the end tooth profile of the left end of the torsion bar shown in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a view showing the fitting of the left end of the torsion bar inserted into the recess of the left end cap;
  • Figure 8 is the end tooth profile of the right end of the torsion bar shown in Figure 5;
  • Figure 9 shows a fitting view of the right end of the torsion bar inserted into the recess of the right end cap
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the insertion of a torsion bar with a missing tooth port in the middle outer tooth into the mandrel, and the outer tooth portion is matched with the through hole of the mandrel;
  • Figure 11 and Figure 12 show a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of the torsion bar, respectively;
  • Figure 13 is an exploded perspective view showing the assembly of the reel member and the torsion bar in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 The cross-sectional view of the two-stage torsion bar of the second embodiment of the present invention when the diameters of the two sections of the torsion bar are the same when assembled with other components of the reel;
  • Figure 15 The cross-sectional view of the two-stage torsion bar of the second embodiment of the present invention when the diameters of the two sections of the torsion bar are different from the other components of the reel;
  • 16 is a schematic structural view of one of the rod segments of the torsion bar according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the two-part torsion bar and other components of the reel assembled in one embodiment in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural view of a torsion bar according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a characteristic diagram of the force limit value and time of the constant force limited force safety device
  • Figure 20 is a characteristic diagram of the force limit value and time of the incremental force-limiting safety device
  • Figure 21 is a characteristic diagram of the force limit value and time of the decreasing force-limiting safety device
  • Figure 22 is an exploded perspective view showing the assembly of the reel and the torsion bar in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of the spool in the axial direction thereof in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 23.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a retractor for a seat belt according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the reel in the axial direction of the reel
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the assembly of the reel and the torsion bar.
  • the retractor includes a retractor frame 1 , a reel 2 and a torsion bar 3 ( FIG. 4 Shown in it).
  • the retractor frame 1 is U-shaped and includes two opposite side walls: a first side wall 1-1 and a second side wall 1-2 .
  • a third wall 1-4 connecting the first side wall 1-1 and the second side wall 1-2 is also included.
  • a circular first through hole is respectively disposed at a corresponding position on the first side wall 1-1 and the second side wall 1-2 1-1a and the second through hole 1-2a are provided with the inner tooth segment 1-3 at the same position on the two through holes (only the inner tooth segment is provided on the second through hole 1-2a in FIG. Situation).
  • Inner tooth segment 1-3 is used to cooperate with the external teeth on the reel to lock the reel, so that the inner tooth segments 1-3 are disposed at positions corresponding to the pulling direction of the webbing wound on the reel.
  • the webbing is taken out from the top of the inner side of the third wall 1-4, so the inner tooth segments 1-3 Set on the top of the two through holes.
  • the locking position of the retractor is fixed at the position where the inner tooth segment is set.
  • the reel 2 The upper external teeth are one-way teeth facing the direction of rotation of the reel, and the inner tooth segments on the frame 1 are both one-way teeth, and the tooth directions are opposite to the one-way teeth on the reel 2.
  • the reel 2 includes a mandrel 2-1 and is detachably disposed on the mandrel 2-1 End caps at both ends: left end cap 2-2a and right end cap 2-2b.
  • the mandrel 2-1 Used to wrap a webbing webbing that can be rotated along its axis to wrap the webbing thereon or to release the wrapped webbing.
  • the mandrel is provided with a through hole 2-3 along its axis, and the inner wall of the through hole 2-3 is provided with internal teeth.
  • Two outwardly extending pins 2-6 are respectively arranged on both end faces of the mandrel 2-1, which are called force limiting pins 2-6 . Further, the mandrel 2-1 is provided with an elongate fixing groove 2-4 for passing and fixing the end of the webbing, and a weight reducing groove 2-5 for weight reduction.
  • the outer circumferences of the two end covers are provided with external teeth, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer end of the left end cover 2-2a is provided with external teeth 2-2a-1
  • An outer ring gear 2-2b-1 is disposed on an outer circumference of the right end cap 2-2b, and the teeth on the both end caps are all one-way teeth, and the mandrel 2-1 rotates toward the webbing when the webbing is rotated.
  • the outer teeth of the outer circumference of the two end covers and the frame 1 The inner tooth segments of the upper two through holes are matched.
  • a pin hole is also provided, as shown in FIG. Pin hole 2-2b-2 on right side end cap 2-2b shown in .
  • the two ends of the cover are arranged on the mandrel in the manner shown in FIG. When the two end faces are on, the force limiting pins are inserted into the corresponding pin holes.
  • the force limiting pin can also be placed inside the end cap, while on the mandrel 2-1 Pin holes are provided at corresponding positions on the end faces.
  • the force limiting pin can be disposed at different positions on both ends of the mandrel, thereby being used for positioning when the end cap is assembled with the mandrel 2-1 to prevent misalignment of the left and right end caps.
  • the force limit pin 2-6 It can also withstand the shearing force of the mandrel when it is rotated, and is cut off when the shearing force reaches a threshold.
  • a central recessed hole with internal teeth (hereinafter referred to as a recessed hole) is further provided, as shown in FIG.
  • the recessed hole 2-2b-3 on the right end cap 2-2b is shown.
  • the recessed holes of the both end covers are provided on the bosses extending from the end face side thereof.
  • the corresponding mandrel end face is provided with a stop for receiving the boss.
  • an outwardly projecting projecting shaft is provided along the center of the end face.
  • the right side shown in Figure 1 extends the shaft 2-2b-5 and the left side extends the shaft 2-2a-5 as shown in Figure 4.
  • the left extension shaft 2-2a-5 is connected to the sensitive component, and the right extension axis 2-2b-5
  • the outer circumference is provided with teeth and is connected to the coil spring.
  • the retractor further includes a torsion bar 3 as shown in FIG. 4, and the torsion bar 3 It has a rod shape, and external teeth are provided in the circumferential direction at both ends and the middle portion thereof.
  • the torsion bar 3 and the reel 2 structure are as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, and the torsion bar 3 is inserted through the mandrel Among the through holes 2-3 of 2-1, the outer teeth of the axial middle portion thereof mesh with the inner teeth provided on the inner wall of the through hole 2-3 of the mandrel 2-1.
  • Left end cap 2-2a and right end cap 2-2b Covering both ends of the mandrel 2-1 from the left and right sides, respectively, and the force limiting pin of the corresponding position corresponds to the pin hole.
  • the torsion bar 3 Both ends are respectively inserted into the recessed holes of the left and right end caps, and the outer teeth of the ends are engaged with the internal teeth of the corresponding recessed holes. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
  • the boss and the mandrel 2-1 at the both end covers A wear ring 4b is also provided between the stops.
  • the wear ring 4b is generally made of low-friction plastic and can be end cap 2-2 and mandrel 2-1
  • the position of the joint between the opposite end faces provides a transition, so that the metal faces at the position of the stop are not directly contacted, and the influence of the rubber joint caused by the friction of the metal faces on the normal operation of the torsion bar is avoided.
  • the outer edge of the inner side of the end cap is provided with an annular boss (the annular boss 2-2b-6 on the right end cap shown in Figure 4)
  • the venting stop is matched with the annular boss at the corresponding position of the end surface of the mandrel 2-1; the mandrel 2-1 can be reduced by providing the annular boss and the escaping stop structure The frictional area when the end face and the end cover are relatively rotated, thereby reducing the friction between the mandrel and the end cap, and improving the stability of the force limiting effect.
  • the reel 2 is integrally disposed in the frame 1, and the end caps on the reel 2 are respectively placed on the frame 1 In the through hole of the side wall.
  • the reel 2 In the free state, the reel 2 is rotatably floatably disposed in the retractor frame 1, and the external teeth on the end cap are not in contact with the internal teeth of the through hole in the retractor frame 1.
  • Scroll 2 Supported by the projecting shaft on the outside of both ends of the end cap, the reel 2 can be freely rotated to achieve the winding and release of the webbing.
  • the external teeth of the two ends of the reel 2 mesh with the teeth in the corresponding positions on the frame 1, the reel 2 Can't turn.
  • the inner tooth segments 1-3 are provided on the through holes of the retractor frame, and the inner tooth segments 1-3
  • the position is the position corresponding to the pulling direction of the webbing wound on the reel.
  • the structure of the internal tooth is provided with respect to the entire circumference of the through hole. The structure of the embodiment can ensure that the reel is locked at a certain position when the lock is locked, that is, the inner tooth segment 1-3 is set. s position.
  • the torsion bar 3 The two ends are disposed at the end caps of the reel without passing through the end cap, that is, the length of the torsion bar in the axial direction is not greater than the axial length of the reel.
  • the torsion bar length of the present embodiment is shortened with respect to the torsion bar in the background art. The shortened portion is replaced by an extended shaft disposed outside the end cap.
  • the webbing drives the mandrel to rotate, thereby driving the torsion bar to rotate.
  • the two end covers are locked on the frame, and the two end covers simultaneously engage the two ends of the torsion bar so that the two ends of the torsion bar cannot rotate.
  • Torque bar 3 The middle part of the middle part of the inner teeth meshes with the inner teeth of the mandrel 2-1 to withstand the tension of the webbing, while the ends are due to the outer teeth and end caps 2-2
  • the gear of the inner end face is fixed by the meshing relationship; when the tension of the webbing reaches a certain extent, the torsion bar 3 is twisted and deformed, so that the mandrel 2-1 is rotated at a certain angle to release a part of the webbing, and the torsion bar 3
  • the torsional deformation property can properly release the webbing, so that the binding force of the webbing to the human body is controlled at a predetermined value, and the damage of the human body is prevented by the excessive binding force; at the same time, the webbing does not emit too long a distance and causes the human body to be damaged.
  • the failure of restraint The length of the torsion bar is shortened; this makes the torsion bar less prone to bending deformation and is not subject to other constraints from the end caps on both sides, the overall stress state of the torsion bar is simplified, the use process is safer and more stable; and the torsion bar It is not easy to bend and deform, and the relative angle between the mandrel and the end cap can be maintained without causing local metal friction and gluing between the mandrel and the end cap.
  • the torsion bar since the length of the torsion bar is shortened, and the end of the inner cover of the end cap and the end of the mandrel are disposed, it only receives the force from the mandrel and the reaction force of the end cap, thereby preventing the torsion bar from directly bearing the webbing. Traction force, so the force condition is simple and controllable, and the force-limiting pin that meets the force-restricting requirement can be designed according to the need, and it is safe and stable during use.
  • the middle portion of the torsion bar is twisted, and it is more prone to uniformly distributed deformation, and the partial stress is too high to break the failure; at the same time, the left and right sides respectively receive half of the force limit value, and the diameter required for the torsion bar can be reduced. Since the material of the torsion bar needs to meet the special torque requirement, the cost is high and the manufacturing requirements are high. In this embodiment, the short torsion bar can be used to save the cost.
  • the force limiting pin 2-6 provided at both ends of the mandrel of the reel 2 is as described above, on the reel 2 In the locked state, the mandrel 2-1 will have a tendency to rotate relative to the two side end caps due to the pulling force from the webbing webbing, and the force limiting pin 2-6 and the outer teeth 3-1 in the middle of the torsion bar 3 Will prevent it from rotating.
  • the force limiting pin 2-6 is subjected to the shearing force of the end cap and the mandrel 2-1. In the event of a collision, the webbing traction has a rapid loading process from small to large.
  • the outer teeth of the middle portion of the torsion bar 3 are provided with a missing tooth port, which is called a missing tooth; as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 5
  • the avoidance tooth shown in the figure is missing 3-1-1.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the torsion bar inserted into the mandrel 2-1 in the middle outer tooth with the avoiding tooth missing 3-1-1, and the outer tooth portion is matched with the mandrel through hole.
  • FIG 10 It can be seen that the position of the avoiding tooth missing 3-1-1 on the torsion bar 3 satisfies the insertion of the torsion bar 3 into the through hole of the mandrel 2-1, and avoids the tooth missing 3-1-1 alignment or approximate Align the mandrel 2-1
  • the fixing groove 2-4 (shown in Figure 4) is provided for passing and fixing the webbing 6.
  • the fixing groove 2-4 is an elongated long through hole which is arranged to satisfy the passing direction of the webbing perpendicular to the mandrel 2-1
  • the evasive tooth missing 3-1-1 provides a space for the webbing 6 to pass through the fixing groove 2-4 to avoid the provision of teeth at the place to cause the webbing 6 Interference with the tooth and causing the webbing 6 to be away from the centerline of the mandrel 2-1, which is not conducive to the stability of the mandrel 6 2-1 when tensioned.
  • the torsion bar 3 It is also equipped with an anti-missing tooth. As shown in Fig. 5, one side end portion of the torsion bar 3 (in the present embodiment, the right side is set as an example) is provided with an anti-missing tooth defect 3-2b-1 On the other side, it is not necessary to set the missing tooth.
  • the recessed holes in the end cap of the end of the end also need to be provided with a matching structure.
  • the recess 2-2b-3 at the end cap 2-2b Set the corresponding error-proof port 2-2b-4.
  • the reason for setting the above-mentioned anti-missing tooth missing 3-2b-1 is that the torsion bar 3 is present due to the presence of the aforementioned avoiding tooth missing 3-1-1
  • the through hole 2-3 of the mandrel must be inserted at an appropriate angle.
  • the anti-missing tooth missing 3-2b-1 ensures that the operation of inserting the torsion bar 3 during assembly is successful.
  • Figure 6 shows the end tooth profile of the left end 3-2a of the torsion bar 3 shown in Figure 5, and Figure 7 shows the torsion bar 3 A fitting view of the left end portion 3-2a inserted into the recessed hole of the left end cover 2-2a;
  • Fig. 8 is an end tooth shape of the right end portion 3-2b of the torsion bar 3 shown in Fig. 5, which can be seen Anti-error gap set at the end 3-2b-1,
  • Fig. 9 shows a fitting view of the recessed hole of the right end end 2-2b of the torsion bar 3 inserted into the right end cap 2-2b.
  • the present invention solves the problem in the following manner.
  • the torsion bar is not illustrated in the axial direction, and the end caps on both sides of the mandrel are not extended.
  • the torsion bar in the retractor described in the background art of the present application can also be applied thereto, and the corresponding end caps are provided with through holes at the center. No more discussion here.
  • the retractor in this embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above in that the torsion bar is a separate two-stage structure, as shown in FIG. An exploded view of the assembly of the reel member and the torsion bar is shown.
  • the torsion bar comprises two sections arranged coaxially: a first segment 3a and a second segment 3b .
  • the two sections have the same axial length, and external teeth are disposed in the axial direction at the ends of each section.
  • the two ends of the torsion bar are butt jointed together, the end faces abut, and the outer teeth of the opposite end correspond to each other, which is a good tooth.
  • the outer teeth of the opposite ends are entirely equivalent to the circumferential outer teeth of the middle portion of the torsion bar in the first embodiment.
  • the action and the manner of connection to the mandrel are the same as in the first embodiment described above.
  • the other ends of the two-stage torsion bar are respectively inserted into the recessed holes of the end cover of the reel, and the connection manner is the same as that described in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the outer teeth of the opposite ends of the two-stage torsion bar are provided with avoiding tooth missing, and the two avoiding tooth missing positions are the same and collectively correspond to the fixing groove of the mandrel passing through and fixing the end of the webbing.
  • the escaping tooth is the same as the escaping tooth of the middle tooth of the torsion bar in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the portions other than the torsion bar in this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment described above.
  • torsion bar to two separate segments has the following effects: by combining two torsion bar segments of the same diameter or different diameters, a plurality of force limiting values can be combined, so that fewer torque bars can be used to form multiple limits.
  • the force value of the retractor meets the different requirements of different car manufacturers for the force limit value of the seat belt.
  • FIG 14 and 15 A schematic view of the torsion bar of the same diameter torsion bar segment and the different diameter torsion bar segment is shown.
  • the torsion bar is made of a special material and processed by a cold heading process, a separate mold is required for each diameter of the torsion bar, and the manufacturing equipment and the mold are expensive.
  • the torsion bar segment processed by the limited processing die can be combined to form a torsion bar having a plurality of force limiting values, thereby reducing the number of mold opening and saving manufacturing cost.
  • the shorter-sized torsion bar is easier to process, the processing yield is higher, and the cost per mold is relatively lower.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one of the rod segments of the torsion bar of the present embodiment;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the two-stage torsion bar and other components of the reel in one embodiment;
  • the torsion bar is rod-shaped, and the torsion bar is also divided into two segments in the axial direction. At both ends of each segment, peripheral teeth are provided.
  • the torsion bar segments 3a are provided with external teeth 3a-1 at both ends. And external teeth 3a-2.
  • the two-stage torsion bar group is integrated, the two ends of the torsion bar are butted together, the end faces abut, and the outer teeth of the opposite ends are relatively accurate, and the teeth are good, forming an integral torsion bar.
  • the effective lengths of the two-stage torsion bars in the axial direction are different in this embodiment.
  • the effective length refers to the axial length of a portion of the torsion bar or the rod segment except the shaft portion where the outer teeth of the both ends are located.
  • Figure 17 As shown in the figure, the first rod segment 3a of the torsion bar is long, and the second rod segment 3b Shorter, the length of the two is not the same. This different effective length is deliberately designed in the torsion bar design and is not due to manufacturing tolerances.
  • Other structures of the retractor of this embodiment may be the same as those of the second embodiment described above, and will not be discussed again here.
  • the effective lengths of the rod segments on the two sides of the middle and outer teeth of the torsion bar are different in the axial direction.
  • FIG. 21 shows a first-stage force limit with a higher force-limiting value; after the fracture failure occurs, the mandrel continues to rotate under the webbing pull until the rod segment with a longer effective length breaks at the number of fracture turns,
  • Figure 21 is implemented.
  • the second-stage force limit with the lower limit force value is shown; at this stage, since the rod segment with the short effective length has been broken, only the rod segment that has not yet broken the belt tension is assumed. Therefore, the force limit value at this stage is higher. small.
  • the seat belt achieves the effect of decreasing the force during the collision process, which can more effectively protect the seat belt user.
  • the force-limiting safety device in the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above is a constant force limited force type, which is also called a first-order force-limiting type or a single-stage force-limiting type, and the characteristic curve of the force limit value and the time is defined. As shown 19 is shown.
  • the effective lengths of the rod segments on both sides of the circumferential outer teeth located in the middle of the torsion bar are different in the axial direction.
  • the torsion bar of this embodiment is as shown in FIG. 18 The one shown in the figure is not the segmentation as in the third embodiment.
  • Other aspects of the reel of this embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment described above, and will not be discussed again here.
  • the retractor for the seat belt also includes a frame, a reel and a torsion bar; wherein the frame and the above embodiment 1 Can be the same.
  • the reels are shown in Figures 22, 23, and 24.
  • Figure 22 is an exploded view of the assembly of the reel and torsion bar;
  • Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of the reel along its axial direction;
  • Figure 24 is Figure 23 A partial enlargement in the middle.
  • the reel 2 includes a mandrel 2-1 And end caps detachably disposed at both ends of the mandrel 2-1: a first end cap 2-2a and a second end cap 2-2b.
  • the structure of the first end cover 2-2a and the mandrel 2-1 The assembly relationship is the same as that of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above.
  • the second end cover 2-2b is provided with a threaded hole 2-2b-3 having an internal thread toward the center of the end surface side of the mandrel 2-1, and the threaded hole 2-2b-3 is a blind hole.
  • the screw hole 2-2b-3 is provided on the boss 2-2b-4 which is extended on the side of the end face on which it is located.
  • the corresponding end face of 2-1 is provided with a stop for receiving the boss 2-2b-4.
  • the torsion bar 3 of the retractor is divided into two sections in the axial direction, and is referred to as a first rod section 3a and a second pole section 3b. .
  • External teeth are provided at both ends of each rod segment.
  • the two-stage torsion bar group is integrated, the two ends of the torsion bar are butted together, the end faces abut, and the outer teeth of the opposite ends are relatively accurate, and the teeth are good, forming an integral torsion bar.
  • External teeth at the opposite ends of the torsion bar and the mandrel The internal teeth set in the through hole of 2-1 are matched as shown in Figure 22.
  • the ring gear 8 The inner bore is provided with a full circle of internal teeth that cooperate with an outer end of the torsion bar as described above.
  • the outer circumference is circumferentially provided with an external thread, and the external thread and the threaded hole 2-2b-3 on the second end cover 2-2b The internal threads are matched.
  • the torsion bar 3 When assembled, the torsion bar 3 is inserted into and through the through hole 2-3 of the mandrel 2-1, and the outer teeth of the axially middle portion thereof and the mandrel The internal teeth provided in the inner wall of 2-3 through hole 2-3 are engaged.
  • the first end cover 2-2a and the second end cover 2-2b are respectively covered from the left and right ends to the mandrel 2-1 At both ends, the force limiting pin of the corresponding position corresponds to the pin hole.
  • the torsion bar 3 One end of the torsion bar 3 is inserted into the first end cover 2-2a Among the recessed holes, the outer teeth of the ends are engaged with the internal teeth of the corresponding recessed holes; the other end is inserted into the inner bore of the annular ring gear 8 and meshes with the internal teeth of the inner bore.
  • the ring gear 8 is screwed into the second end cover by its outer peripheral thread In the threaded hole 2-2b-3 of 2-2b, a part of the second end cover 2-2b is formed, and the thread is not screwed, leaving a pitch of a certain number of turns (for example, one to two turns). That is, the torsion bar 3 One end is engaged with the first end cap 2-2a by the inner and outer teeth, and the other end is screwed with the second end cap 2-2b by the ring gear 8.
  • the reel is integrally disposed in the frame in such a manner as to be provided in the reel of the first embodiment described above.
  • the retractor of the present embodiment works as follows: in the event of a collision, the webbing drives the mandrel 2-1 to rotate, and the torsion bar 3 The middle portion of the middle portion of the middle teeth meshes with the inner teeth of the mandrel 2-1 to withstand the tension of the webbing, and the torsion bar 3 is rotated.
  • the force limit value of the first stage limit force is determined by the first rod section 3a
  • the force limit value of the second stage limit force is determined by the first rod section 3a
  • the second rod segment 3b is determined at the same time, so the second-stage force-limiting value is greater than the first-stage force-limiting value, that is, the reel of the embodiment achieves an incremental force-limiting force
  • FIG. 20 The characteristic curve of the force limit value and time of the incremental force limiting safety device is shown. Incremental force-limiting safety devices are particularly important in situations where there are no other safety measures, such as airbags, that are simultaneously protected.
  • the use of the above-mentioned incremental force-limiting seat belt will provide better protection.
  • the reason is that in the case where there is no airbag in the rear row, in the event of a collision accident, the passenger cannot be allowed to lean forward at a large distance, and it is necessary to increase the force limit value after releasing the partial webbing at a small first-order force limit, so that the webbing is made.
  • the force limit value after releasing the partial webbing at a small first-order force limit, so that the webbing is made.
  • the smaller first-order force limit avoids damage to the human body caused by excessive binding force. .
  • the torsion bar 3 embodiment For segmentation, the effective length of the two segments can be different.
  • the diameter and material of the two-stage torsion bar may also be different. Segmented torsion bars reduce manufacturing difficulty and reduce manufacturing costs. In addition, it is also convenient to combine the force-limiting effects of different torque levels.
  • the end of the torsion bar 3 is engaged with the ring gear 8 and the second end cover 2-2b
  • the screw is connected.
  • the ring gear 8 and the second end cover 2-2b may be integrally formed, or the ring gear 8 may not be provided, but directly on the torsion bar 3
  • the end portion is provided with the threaded hole 2-2b-3 matching external thread.
  • this will increase the difficulty of making a torsion bar 3.
  • the torsion bar 3 It is also not necessary to be segmented, and it may also be integrated, and will not be described again here.
  • the description is made by taking an example in which the torsion bar does not protrude from the end caps on both sides of the mandrel in the axial direction.
  • the torsion bar in the retractor described in the background art of the present application can also be applied thereto, in which case the length of the torsion bar in the axial direction is greater than the length of the reel in the axial direction.
  • the center of the corresponding end cap is to be provided with an internally threaded bore (for the second end cap) or with an internal toothed bore (for the first end cap). No more discussion here.
  • the present invention also protects a seat belt assembly that uses the retractor described in the above embodiments and that achieves the advantageous effects of the retractor of the above embodiment.
  • the assembly of the retractor with the webbing and other related components can be found in the prior art and will not be discussed here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于安全带的卷收器，包括：卷收器框架（1）、卷轴（2）和扭力杆（3）；其中，所述卷收器框架（1）包括两相对的侧壁（1-1，1-2）；在所述两侧壁（1-1，1-2）相对应位置设置有带内齿段（1-3）的圆形孔（1-1a，1-2a）；所述齿段（1-3）设置于织带向外牵引方向对应的位置；卷轴（2）包括沿中轴线设置有芯轴通孔（2-3）且用于缠绕织带的芯轴（2-1）和分别设置于上述芯轴两端的两个分离式端盖（2-2a，2-2b）；在自由状态下，所述卷轴（2）可旋转的浮动设置于所述卷收器框架（1）中，两端盖（2-2a，2-2b）置于所述卷收器框架（1）的两侧壁（1-1，1-2）的圆形孔（1-1a，1-2a）中；在锁止时，所述卷轴（2）两端盖（2-2a，2-2b）的外齿与所述框架（1）上的内齿段（1-3）相啮合。另外，还包括一种使用所述卷收器的安全带总成和用于上述安全带的卷收器的扭力杆（3）、卷轴（2）和端盖（2-2a，2-2b）。该卷收器可以克服现有卷收器锁止位置不固定的问题，有利于提高使用该卷收器的安全带的稳定性。

Description

一种用于安全带的卷收器、扭力杆、卷轴、端盖和安全带总成
本发明要求本申请人的下述中国专利申请的优先权。
1 、申请日为 2012-08-27 ，名称为'一种用于安全带的卷收器和安全带总成'，申请号为 201210309066.X ；
2 、申请日为 2012-08-27 ，名称为'用于安全带卷收器的扭力杆及安全带卷收器、安全带总成'，申请号为 201210309026.5 ；
3 、申请日为 2012-08-27 ，名称为'用于安全带卷收器的扭力杆及安全带卷收器、安全带总成'，申请号为 201210308979.X ；
4 、申请日为 2012-08-27 ，名称为'卷轴、端盖、安全带卷收器和安全带总成'，申请号为 201210309320.6 ；
5 、申请日为 2012-11-29 ，名称为'用于安全带卷收器的扭力杆、安全带卷收器及安全带总成'，申请号为 201210496376.7 ；
6 、申请日为 2013-1-29 ，名称为'用于安全带的卷收器、端盖、环形齿圈和安全带总成'，申请号为 201310032779.0 ；
Technical Field
本发明涉及安全带技术，具体涉及一种用于安全带的卷收器。本发明同时涉及一种使用所述卷收器的安全带总成和用于上述安全带的卷收器的扭力杆、卷轴和端盖。
Background Art
安全带是应用于汽车上的重要被动安全部件。在车辆发生碰撞时，安全带能够保护使用者，使其免受或减轻碰撞时的二次伤害。
最初被设计的应用于汽车座椅上的标准三点式安全带，其仅仅包括锁止机构和用于固定使用者（人体）的织带。在车辆发生碰撞时，锁止机构锁止，织带不再向外拉伸，从而将使用者捆绑在汽车座椅上。然而由于碰撞瞬间速度变化很快，碰撞时速度变化引起的动量变化时间很短，使得织带作用于使用者身上的力很大，例如可达 8-10 kN 。会导致使用者肋骨折断甚至更严重的伤害。
基于上述的原因，标准式安全带被进一步改进，提出了限力式安全带，即在碰撞瞬间，可以通过一定的限力机构限制织带作用于人体上的力，不会导致人体受到织带本身的伤害，以达到最大限度保护使用者的目的。
在文献号为 EP1607288B1 的欧洲专利文献中，公开了一种用于限力式安全带的安全装置。具体的，在所述欧洲专利文献的第二实施例中，公开的安全装置包括一 U 型框架、卷轴和扭力杆。在所述 U 型框架的相对的两侧壁上，设置有带内齿的圆形孔。卷轴包括用于缠绕织带的芯轴和设置于芯轴两端的分离式端盖。在所述端盖上设置有与框架上内齿相匹配的外齿；所述卷轴可旋转浮动设置于所述 U 型框架上，且两端盖分别设置于所述 U 型框架的圆形孔中，在正常状态下，端盖上的外齿与所述圆形孔的内齿并不啮合，卷轴可在所述圆形孔中转动，以缠绕织带或者释放织带。
所述扭力杆呈杆状，沿所述卷轴轴线设置于卷轴之中，并在所述卷轴沿轴线中心位置通过内外齿啮合方式连接；此外，所述扭力杆两端穿过所述两端盖中心，伸出端盖之外并通过外齿与两端盖上的内齿相啮合。
上述的限力式安装装置工作过程如下：在发生碰撞时，传感装置触发包括气体发生器在内的动作机构，使得卷轴的端盖上的外齿与 U 型框架的内齿相啮合，将卷轴由可旋转浮动状态（也可称为自由状态）变为锁止状态。使得缠绕在卷轴上的织带不再向外释放。从而将使用者固定于座椅上。在此过程中，织带承受的来自于使用者由于惯性而产生的向前移动的力会越拉越大，该力总是在试图牵引卷轴的芯轴转动。但是芯轴通过与之啮合的扭力杆、与扭力杆啮合的端盖而被固定于 U 型框架上而无法转动。当织带的牵引力足够大能够使得扭力杆产生扭曲转动时，芯轴就会发生一定角度的转动，从而使得织带会被释放出一段长度，进而使得使用者可以向前产生一定的位移，减轻织带作用于使用者身上的拉力，达到了限制织带作用于使用者身上的力的作用，获得限力效果。
上述专利的重要特征在于，扭力杆两端固定，中段通过内外齿啮合芯轴，使得扭转变形均匀分布在整个扭力杆上，防止局部应力集中而断裂，并且可以充分利用扭力杆的材料，产生稳定一致的限力效果。此外，扭力杆变形过程对称，使卷收器框架受力平衡，框架的扭转变形小。
有关上述专利文献的限力式安装装置的详细内容，可进一步参看上述的欧洲专利文献。
然而，上述的欧洲专利所公开的限力式安全装置也有一定的缺陷，主要问题在于，其用卷轴的端盖上的周向外齿和 U 形框架的框架壁上设置的周向内齿相配合进行锁止，其锁止位置不固定，可能出现在周向的多个位置；这使得该卷收器锁止时产生不确定性，难以准确控制。还有改进的空间。
 Technical- Problem
本发明提供一种用于安全带的卷收器，该卷收器能够克服背景技术中的卷收器锁止位置不固定的问题，有利于提高使用该卷收器的安全带稳定性。
本发明同时提供一种使用所述安全带卷收器的安全带总成，该安全带总成具有所述卷收器带来的所有有益效果。
本发明同时提供一种应用于安全带的卷收器的扭力杆。
本发明同时提供一种应用于安全带的卷收器的卷轴。
本发明同时提供一种应用于安全带的卷收器的端盖。
 Technical- Solution
本发明提供的一种用于安全带的卷收器，包括：卷收器框架、卷轴和扭力杆；其中， 所述卷收器框架包括两相对的侧壁；在所述两侧壁相对应位置设置有带内齿段的圆形孔；所述齿段设置于织带向外牵引方向对应的位置； 卷轴包括沿中轴线设置有芯轴通孔且用于缠绕织带的芯轴和分别设置于上述芯轴两端的两个分离式端盖；沿所述端盖的外周设置有与所述框架上内齿相匹配的外齿； 所述扭力杆呈杆状，且沿卷轴轴线设置于所述芯轴通孔之中，其两端部至少延伸至芯轴两侧的端盖；所述扭力杆在轴向的中部设置有中段外齿，所述芯轴通孔中的设置与该外齿对应啮合的内齿，通过上述外齿和内齿使该扭力杆与芯轴连接；该扭力杆与所述两端盖交叉位置，通过设置在该位置的齿轮以及端盖上对应设置的齿轮，实现扭力杆与两端的分离式端盖的连接； 在自由状态下，所述卷轴可旋转的浮动设置于所述卷收器框架中，卷轴两端盖置于所述卷收器框架的两侧壁的圆形孔中；在锁止时，所述卷轴两端盖的外齿与所述框架上的内齿相啮合。
优选的，所述扭力杆与两端的分离式端盖的连接采用如下结构：在端盖的朝向芯轴的内侧面，其端面中心位置设置带内齿的中心凹孔；与该端盖配合的所述扭力杆端头插入该端盖的中心凹孔之中，且扭力杆端头设置有端部外齿，所述端盖内端面的中心凹孔中设置有内齿，两者相啮合。
优选的，所述扭力杆中部的中段外齿上对应于芯轴上穿过并固定安全带织带端部的固定槽的位置设置有避让齿缺；所述扭力杆一个端部设置的端部外齿在周向上与上述避让齿缺相对应的位置设置有防错齿缺；相应的，与该设置防错齿缺的扭力杆端部对应的端盖上，其内侧面的中心凹孔的内齿上，设置与所述防错齿缺相配合的缺口结构。
优选的，所述扭力杆在与其中一端盖的交叉位置通过齿轮与该端盖啮合，该端盖称为第一端盖； 在另一端盖的朝向卷轴一侧， 还包括外周设置外螺纹且内孔设置内齿的环形齿圈，该另一端盖称为第二端盖；在所述第二端盖朝向所述芯轴的端面侧中央设置有与所述环形齿圈外周螺纹相配的螺纹孔；在所述扭力杆的相应于该第二端盖的端部设置有与所述环形齿圈内齿相配合的外齿；装配后，所述扭力杆端部的外齿置于所述环形齿圈中，所述环形齿圈旋入所述第二端盖的螺纹孔中。
优选的，所述扭力杆 中段外齿 的外齿齿形向设置防错缺口的端部倾斜。
优选的，所述扭力杆的轴向长度不大于所述端盖的轴向长度。
优选的， 所述扭力杆在轴向分开为对接在一起的两段，每一段扭力杆的两端均设置有外齿，且两段扭力杆对接端部的外齿齿形相对准；所述两段扭力杆对接端部的周向外齿共同构成所述中段外齿。
优选的，所述扭力杆的两段分别具有不同的直径和 / 或不同的材质。
优选的， 位于该扭力杆中部的周向外齿的两侧杆段在轴向上的有效长度不同 ; 其中，所述有效长度是指扭力杆或杆段去除两端部外齿所在轴段之外的部分的轴向长度。
优选的，在芯轴两侧，每侧至少设置二个限力销；该限力销固定在所述芯轴的端面，并插入端盖上对应该限力销位置设置的销孔；或者，该限力销固定在所述端盖上，并插入芯轴端面上对应该限力销位置设置的销孔。
优选的，所述芯轴两端的两限力销设置位置不同，能够防止左右端盖装配错误，并保证装配后两端盖的外齿错开固定的角度。
优选的，芯轴与端盖相邻接的端面设置相互配合的止口，止口位置设置有减磨环； 在所述每一端盖的内侧外沿均设置有环形凸台，在所述芯轴两端面与所述环形凸台相应位置设置有避让止口。
本发明提供的一种安全带总成，使用前述任一技术方案所述的卷收器。
本发明提供的一种扭力杆，应用于安全带卷收器，其中，所述扭力杆呈杆状，在其两端部和中部均设置周向外齿，且位于扭力杆两端部的外齿与卷收器上的两端盖端面的中心凹孔内齿相配合； 所述扭力杆为一体成型；或者 所述扭力杆在轴向分开为对接在一起的两段，每一段扭力杆的两端均设置有外齿，且两段扭力杆对接端部的外齿齿形相对准；所述两段扭力杆对接端部的周向外齿共同构成所述中部设置的外齿。
优选的， 位于该扭力杆中部的周向外齿的两侧杆段在轴向上的有效长度不同 ; 其中，所述有效长度是指扭力杆或杆段去除两端部外齿所在轴段之外的部分的轴向长度。
本发明提供的一种卷轴，应用于上述任一所述的卷收器，其中， 卷轴包括沿中轴线设置有芯轴通孔且用于缠绕织带的芯轴和分别设置于上述芯轴两端的两个分离式端盖； 所述端盖呈扁圆柱体状；每一端盖沿外周均设置有与所述卷收器框架侧壁的内齿齿形相配合外齿，且朝向芯轴的内端面的中心位置设置带内齿的中心凹孔，所述中心凹孔的内齿齿形与所述扭力杆其中一端部的外齿齿形相配合；所述芯轴中轴线位置的通孔的中段位置设置有与所述扭力杆中部外齿相配合的内齿。
本发明提供的一种端盖， 应用于上述任一项所述的卷收器，其中， 所述端盖呈扁圆柱体状；沿其外周均设置有与所述卷收器框架侧壁的内齿齿形相配合外齿，且朝向芯轴的内端面的中心位置设置带内齿的中心凹孔，所述中心凹孔的内齿齿形与所述扭力杆其中一端部的外齿齿形相配合； 或者，所述端盖呈扁圆柱体状；沿其外周均设置有与所述卷收器框架侧壁的内齿齿形相配合外齿， 所述端盖还包括外周设置外螺纹且内孔设置内齿的环形齿圈，在所述端盖本体朝向所述芯轴的端面侧中央设置有与所述环形齿圈外周螺纹相配的螺纹孔，所述环形齿圈与所述端盖本体通过内外螺纹相配合方式装配为一体。
 Advantageous Effects
本发明的卷收器将框架的通孔中设置内齿段，而不是整圈设齿；且内齿段的位置设置于织带向外牵引方向对应的位置；通过所述位置设置内齿段，将卷收器的锁止位置固定在设置内齿段的位置；克服了背景技术中的卷收器锁止位置不固定的问题，有利于提高对卷收器控制的准确性，从而可提高包含用该卷收器的安全带使用的稳定性。
在本发明的优选技术方案中，卷收器的扭力杆的两端设置于卷轴的两端盖处，而未穿出端盖，相对于背景技术中的扭力杆，本扭力杆长度缩短；背景技术伸出在外的部分，在该安全带卷收器中被设置于端盖外侧的伸出轴所代替；发生碰撞时，织带带动所述芯轴旋转，并通过中段的内齿带动扭力杆转动；而两端盖被锁止在框架上，两端盖同时啮合扭力杆的两端部，使得扭力杆的两端部无法转动。故扭力杆中间转动，而两端部不转动，使其承受扭转力，当该扭转力足够大时，该扭力杆会发生扭转形变，从而使得芯轴发生一定角度的转动，释放部分织带，织带作用于安全带使用者身体上的力量得以降低。本发明采用的扭力杆长度较背景技术中的更短，且沿轴向不伸出端盖之外，这使得扭力杆不易发生弯曲变形，且不受来自于两侧端盖之外的其它约束，扭力杆整体受力状况简单化，使用过程更为安全稳定。扭力杆不易发生弯曲变形，能够使芯轴和端盖之间的相对角度得到保持，不会引起芯轴和端盖之间的局部金属摩擦和胶合；此外，由于扭力杆的材质需要满足特殊的扭力要求，其成本高，制造要求高，本发明采用短的扭力杆还能够节约成本。
在本发明的另一优选技术方案中，相对于背景技术，本发明端盖内侧设置凸台插入芯轴对应的止口中的结构，可承受织带牵引力并传递到框架上，可进一步避免扭力杆承受织带牵引力而发生弯曲变形；该安全带卷收器的两侧端盖的凸台和芯轴两端的止口设置，将织带牵引力传递到框架上，保证扭力杆仅仅承受来自于芯轴的扭转力矩和端盖的反作用扭矩，受力状况简单且可控，能够获得更为一致的限力效果，在使用过程中更为安全稳定。
在本发明的另一优选技术方案中，还在卷收器的芯轴和端盖之间设置了限力销，该限力销在芯轴承受的拉力大于一预定值时断裂。断裂前，芯轴通过限力销向端盖传递扭力；限力销断裂后，才由扭力杆向端盖传递扭力。由于限力销发生断裂的限力值更为恒定，使该结构能够获得稳定的限力效果。
在本发明的另一优选技术方案中，卷收器的扭力杆分为同轴的两段；将两个相同直径或者不同直径的扭力杆段组合使用，可组合出多个扭力值，从而可形成具有多个限力值的卷收器中，可满足不同汽车厂商对安全带限力值的不同要求；此外，由于扭力杆是采用特殊材质并通过冷镦工艺加工而成，对于每一直径的扭力杆，都要有单独的模具，其制造设备以及模具的价格都非常昂贵；采用两段式扭力杆，可以实现使用较少的加工模具加工出的扭力杆段，通过组合方式获得多个要求的限力值，从而可减少开模数量，节约制造成本。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，用于安全带卷收器的扭力杆，其中部周向外齿两侧杆段在轴向上的有效长度不同，该扭力杆应用于安全带后，在芯轴转动时，有效长度较短的杆段由于变形更大而首先断裂失效，这一过程使该扭力杆的限力值出现明显变化；在该断裂失效发生之前，扭力杆以其全部的有效长度抵抗织带拉力，因而限力值相对较高，该阶段实现限力值较高的第一级限力；在所述断裂失效发生之后，芯轴继续在织带拉动下转动，直到有效长度较长的杆段在达到断裂转动圈数而断裂，在上述阶段实现了限力值较低的第二级限力；在该阶段，由于有效长度较短的杆段已经断裂，承担织带拉力的只有尚未断裂的杆段，因此，该阶段的限力值较小。在上述过程中，安全带实现了碰撞过程中的递减限力效果，可更有效的保护安全带使用者。
在本发明的另一优选实施例中，提供的用于安全带的卷收器，其扭力杆一端与第一端盖通过齿轮相啮合，另一端则通过螺纹与第二端盖相旋合，但并不旋紧而是保留一定圈数的螺距；采用该结构可实现递增式限力；具体实现过程如下所述 : 应用该卷收器的安全装置，在发生碰撞时，织带带动芯轴旋转，扭力杆中部通过中部的周向外齿与芯轴的内齿啮合，使其承受织带的拉力，带动扭力杆转动；而由于在织带拉紧时，芯轴的两端盖会被锁止在框架上，其中与第一端盖啮合的扭力杆端部被固定而无法转动，与第二端盖相旋合的端部与该第二端盖保留一定螺纹圈数而可旋转；也就是说，在织带的拉力达到第一限力值时，与第一端盖啮合的端部固定不动，而与第二端盖相旋合的端部以及整个扭力杆均可发生一定的转动，这使得扭力杆的第一杆段受力而发生扭转变形，进而使得芯轴发生一定角度的转动，释放部分织带，该扭力杆的扭转形变特性能够将织带适当放出，实现第一级限力；随着织带继续对芯轴施加拉力，扭力杆与第二端盖相旋合的端部螺纹被旋紧，该扭力杆端部不再旋转，在织带拉力达到第二限力值时，第二杆段开始受力，此时，第一杆段和第二杆段同时受力，均发生旋转，织带又被释放出一部分，从而实现了第二级限力；由于第一级限力的限力值由第一杆段决定，而第二级限力的限力值由第一杆段和第二杆段同时决定，故第二级限力值大于第一级限力值，即现了递增式限力；应用上述递增式限力的安全装置，对于没有其他安全措施（例如安全气囊）同时保护的情形下，有着特别重要的意义；例如，汽车后排， 或者儿童座椅等一般不安装安全气囊的位置，使用上述递增式限力的安全带会起到更好的保护作用；原因在于，在没有安全气囊的情况下，发生碰撞事故时，不能任由乘客大距离的前倾，需要在较小的一级限力释放部分织带后，增加限力值，使得织带被拉出时需要克服更大的扭力，以限制乘客前倾的距离，避免碰撞前部座椅或汽车其它部位；而较小的一级限力则避免了过大的束缚力对人体的损伤。
本发明还提供的应用上述卷收器的安全带，可以获得上述卷收器所带来的有益效果。
Description Of Drawings
图 1 为本发明的用于安全带的卷收器的第一实施例的结构示意图；
图 2 为图 1 中的卷轴的结构示意图；
图 3 为图 2 沿卷轴轴向的剖视图；
图 4 为卷轴部件及扭力杆装配的部件分解图；
图 5 为本发明第一实施例的卷收器中扭力杆的示意图；
图 6 示出的为图 5 所示的扭力杆左侧端部的端部齿形；
图 7 示出了扭力杆左侧端部插入左侧端盖的凹孔的配合图；
图 8 为图 5 所示的扭力杆右侧端部的端部齿形；
图 9 示出了扭力杆右侧端部插入右侧端盖的凹孔的配合图；
图 10 为中部外齿具有缺齿口的扭力杆插入芯轴中，其外齿部与芯轴通孔相配合的示意图；
图 11 和图 12 分别示出了扭力杆的立体图和剖面图；
图 13 为本发明的第二实施例中卷轴部件与扭力杆装配的部件分解图；
图 14 为本发明的第二实施例中两段式扭力杆的两段直径相同时与卷轴其它部件装配为一体时的剖面示意图；
图 15 为本发明的第二实施例中两段式扭力杆的两段直径不同时与卷轴其它部件装配为一体时的剖面示意图；
图 16 为本发明第三实施例的扭力杆的其中一杆段的结构示意图；
图 17 为本发明的第三实施例中两段式扭力杆与卷轴其它部件装配为一体时的剖面示意图；
图 18 本发明第四实施例的扭力杆的结构示意图；
图 19 为恒力限力式安全装置的限力值与时间的特性曲线图；
图 20 为递增限力式安全装置的限力值与时间的特性曲线图；
图 21 为递减限力式安全装置的限力值与时间的特性曲线图；
图 22 本发明的第五实施例中卷轴及扭力杆装配的部件分解图；
图 23 本发明的第五实施例中卷轴沿其轴向的剖视图；
图 24 为图 23 中的局部放大图。
 Mode for Invention
第一实施例
图 1 为本发明的用于安全带的卷收器的第一实施例的结构示意图，图 2 为图 1 中的卷轴的结构示意图；图 3 为图 2 沿卷轴轴向的剖视图；图 4 为卷轴及扭力杆装配的部件分解图。
请参看图 1 ，本实施例中，卷收器包括卷收器框架 1 、卷轴 2 和扭力杆 3 （图 4 中所示）。
其中，所述卷收器框架 1 呈 U 型，其包括两相对的侧壁：第一侧壁 1-1 和第二侧壁 1-2 。还包括连接所述第一侧壁 1-1 和第二侧壁 1-2 的第三壁 1-4 。在所述第一侧壁 1-1 和第二侧壁 1-2 上相对应位置分别设置有圆形第一通孔 1-1a 和第二通孔 1-2a ，在所述两通孔上相同位置均设置有内齿段 1-3 （图 1 中仅仅示出了第二通孔 1-2a 上设置内齿段的情形）。所述内齿段 1-3 用于与卷轴上外齿相配合将卷轴锁止，故所述内齿段 1-3 的设置位置为缠绕于卷轴上的织带的牵引方向所对应的位置。
如所述图 1 中所示的框架中，织带的由所述第三壁 1-4 内侧顶部向外引出，故所述内齿段 1-3 设置于两通孔顶部。通过所述位置设置内齿段，将卷收器的锁止位置固定在设置内齿段的位置。克服了背景技术中的卷收器锁止位置不固定的问题，有利于提高对卷收器控制的准确性，从而可提高包含用该卷收器的安全带使用的稳定性。
此外，为保证卷轴 2 在必要时锁止于框架 1 上，所述卷轴 2 上的外齿为朝向卷轴转动方向的单向齿，所述框架 1 上的内齿段同为单向齿，且齿向与转轴 2 上的单向齿方向相反。
在所述框架 1 上还设置有其它结构，例如两侧壁上的减重孔、连接两侧壁的加强肋的接口等等，这里不再一一赘述。
请参看图 2 、图 3 和图 4 ，所述卷轴 2 包括芯轴 2-1 和可分离设置于所述芯轴 2-1 两端的端盖：左侧端盖 2-2a 和右侧端盖 2-2b 。所述芯轴 2-1 用于缠绕安全带织带，其可以沿其轴线旋转将织带缠绕于其上或将缠绕的织带释放。所述芯轴沿其轴线设置有通孔 2-3 ，通孔 2-3 内壁设置有内齿。
在所述芯轴 2-1 的两端面上均分别设置有两个向外伸出的销柱 2-6 ，称为限力销 2-6 。在所述芯轴 2-1 上还设置有用于穿过并固定织带端部的扁长型固定槽 2-4 以及用于减重的减重槽 2-5 。
所述两端盖的外周均设置有外齿，如图 4 所示，左侧端盖 2-2a 外周设置外齿 2-2a-1 ，在右侧端盖 2-2b 的外周设置外齿圈 2-2b-1 ，且所述两端盖上的齿均为单向齿，朝向织带释放时芯轴 2-1 转动方向，所述两端盖外周的外齿与所述框架 1 上两通孔的内齿段相配合。
在所述两端盖朝向芯轴 2-1 的端面上相应于所述限力销的位置，还设置有销孔，如图 4 中所示的右侧端盖 2-2b 上的销孔 2-2b-2 。在两端盖如图 2 所示的方式设置于所述芯轴 2-1 两端面侧时，限力销插入相应的销孔中。此外，也可以将限力销设置于端盖内侧，而在芯轴 2-1 端面相应位置设置销孔。所述限力销在芯轴两端的设置位置可以不同，借此可用于在端盖与芯轴 2-1 装配时定位，防止左右端盖装配错误。
更重要的方面是，该限力销 2-6 还可以承受芯轴旋转时的剪切力，并在该剪切力达到一阈值时被切断。
在所述两端盖朝向芯轴 2-1 的端面中心还设置有带内齿的中心凹孔（以下简称凹孔），如图 4 中所示的右侧端盖 2-2b 上的凹孔 2-2b-3 。本实施例中，两端盖的凹孔设置于伸出其所在端面侧的凸台上。相应的芯轴端面则设置容纳该凸台的止口。
在所述两端盖的外侧端面（即远离芯轴 2-1 的端面）侧，沿该端面的中心设置有向外伸出的伸出轴。如图 1 中所示的右侧伸出轴 2-2b-5 和如图 4 中所示的左侧伸出轴 2-2a-5 。其中，左侧伸出轴 2-2a-5 与敏感元件相连接，右侧伸出轴 2-2b-5 外周设置有齿，与卷簧相连接。
本实施例中，所述的卷收器还包括如图 4 中所示的扭力杆 3 ，所述扭力杆 3 呈杆状，在其两端和中部沿周向均设置有外齿。
扭力杆 3 与所述卷轴 2 结构如图 2 、 3 和 4 所示，扭力杆 3 插入并穿过所述芯轴 2-1 的通孔 2-3 之中，且其轴向中部的外齿与所述芯轴 2-1 的通孔 2-3 内壁设置的内齿相啮合。左侧端盖 2-2a 和右侧端盖 2-2b 分别从左右两侧覆盖于芯轴 2-1 的两端部，且相应位置的限力销与销孔相对应。所述扭力杆 3 的两端分别插入所述左右端盖的凹孔之中，且其端部外齿与相应凹孔的内齿相啮合。本实施例中，如图 4 所示，在所述两端盖的凸台与芯轴 2-1 的止口之间还设置有减磨环 4b 。该减磨环 4b 一般采用低摩擦塑料制成，可以为端盖 2-2 与芯轴 2-1 的相对端面之间配合的止口位置提供过渡，使止口位置的金属面不会直接接触，避免了金属面相互摩擦造成的胶合作用对扭力杆正常工作的影响。
如图 4 所示，端盖内侧外沿设置有环形凸台（图 4 中示出的右侧端盖上的环形凸台 2-2b-6 ），在所述芯轴 2-1 的端面相应位置设置有与环形凸台相配合的避让止口；通过设置环形凸台和避让止口结构，可减小芯轴 2-1 端面与端盖相对旋转时的摩擦面积，从而降低芯轴与端盖之间的摩擦力，提高限力效果的稳定性。
所述卷轴 2 整体设置于所述框架 1 之中，且卷轴 2 上两端盖分别置于框架 1 侧壁的通孔之中。自由状态时，所述卷轴 2 可旋转浮动设置于所述卷收器框架 1 之中，其端盖上的外齿与卷收器框架 1 上通孔的内齿不接触。卷轴 2 由其端盖两端外侧的伸出轴所支撑，卷轴 2 可以自由转动，实现织带的缠绕和释放。而在锁紧时，所述卷轴 2 两端盖的外齿与所述框架 1 上相应位置内齿相啮合，卷轴 2 无法转动。
此外，本发明的上述实施例中，在所述卷收器框架的通孔上设置内齿段 1-3 ，且内齿段 1-3 的位置为缠绕于卷轴上的织带的牵引方向所对应的位置。相对于通孔整圈均设置内齿的结构，本实施例的结构能可保证在锁止时卷轴被锁止在确定的位置，即设置内齿段 1-3 的位置。
本实施例的卷收器中，其扭力杆 3 的两端设置于卷轴的两端盖处，而未穿出端盖，即扭力杆沿轴向的长度不大于所述卷轴轴向长度。相对于背景技术中的扭力杆，本实施例的扭力杆长度缩短。被缩短的部分被设置于端盖外侧的伸出轴所代替。发生碰撞时，织带带动所述芯轴旋转，进而带动扭力杆转动。而两端盖被锁止在框架上，两端盖同时啮合扭力杆的两端部，使得扭力杆的两端部无法转动。而扭力杆 3 中部通过中部的周向外齿与芯轴 2-1 的内齿啮合，使其承受织带的拉力，而两端部则由于端部外齿与端盖 2-2 内端面的齿轮的啮合关系而被固定；当织带的拉力达到一定的程度时，该扭力杆 3 发生扭转形变，从而使得芯轴 2-1 发生一定角度的转动，释放部分织带，该扭力杆 3 的扭转形变特性能够将织带适当放出，使织带对人体的束缚力控制在一个预订值，避免了过大的束缚力对人体的损伤；同时，织带又不会放出过长的距离而造成对人体束缚的失效。该扭力杆长度缩短；这使得扭力杆不易发生弯曲变形，且不受来自于两侧端盖之外的其它约束，扭力杆整体受力状况得以简化，使用过程更为安全稳定；并且，扭力杆不易发生弯曲变形，能够使芯轴和端盖之间的相对角度得到保持，不会引起芯轴和端盖之间的局部金属摩擦和胶合。
此外，本实施例中，由于扭力杆长度缩短，以及端盖内侧凸台和芯轴的止口设置，其仅仅承受来自于芯轴的作用力和端盖的反作用力，避免扭力杆直接承受织带牵引力，因而其受力状况简单且可控，能够根据需要设计满足限力要求的限力销，且其在使用过程中安全稳定。进一步的，扭力杆中段扭转，更易于产生均匀分布的变形，避免局部应力过高而断裂失效；同时，左右两侧分别承受一半的限力值，可以减小扭力杆所需的直径。由于扭力杆的材质需要满足特殊的扭力要求，其成本高，制造要求高，本实施例中采用短的扭力杆可明显节约成本。
其次，本发明的实施例中，在所述卷轴 2 的芯轴两端设置的限力销 2-6 如上所述，在卷轴 2 锁止状态时，芯轴 2-1 由于收到来自安全带织带的拉力，会相对两侧端盖产生旋转趋势，而所述限力销 2-6 以及扭力杆 3 中部的外齿 3-1 会阻止其旋转。限力销 2-6 受到端盖与芯轴 2-1 的剪切力。在发生碰撞时，织带牵引力存在迅速的由小变大的牵引力加载过程。在此过程中，当牵引力小于限力销 2-6 的承受阈值时，所述芯轴 2-1 所承受的牵引力加载在限力销 2-6 上，所述扭力杆 3 不承担或者不主要承担该牵引力；当该牵引力值增大到超过限力销 2-6 的承受阈值时，限力销 2-6 就会折断，扭力杆 3 开始完全承担通过芯轴 2-1 传来的织带的牵引力，进而才会发生扭力杆 3 的扭曲变形过程。故限力销 2-6 可以调节该安全带的限力阈值。
在本实施例中，所述扭力杆 3 中部的外齿设置有缺齿口，称为避让齿缺；如图 11 和图 5 中所示的避让齿缺 3-1-1 。图 10 为中部外齿具有避让齿缺 3-1-1 的扭力杆插入芯轴 2-1 中其外齿部与芯轴通孔相配合的示意图。由图 10 可以看出，所述避让齿缺 3-1-1 于扭力杆 3 上设置的位置满足该扭力杆 3 插入芯轴 2-1 的通孔后，避让齿缺 3-1-1 对准或大致对准芯轴 2-1 上设置的用于穿过并固定织带 6 的固定槽 2-4 （如图 4 中所示）。该固定槽 2-4 为扁长型通孔，其设置满足织带穿过方向垂直于所述芯轴 2-1 的中心轴，并需要尽可能的接近所述中心轴。所述避让齿缺 3-1-1 为织带 6 穿过固定槽 2-4 提供了让位空间，以避免在该处设置齿牙引起织带 6 与该齿牙干涉，并导致织带 6 在该处远离芯轴 2-1 中心线，而不利于织带 6 在拉紧时芯轴 2-1 的稳定。在本发明的实施例中，所述的扭力杆 3 还设置有防错齿缺。如图 5 所示，扭力杆 3 的其中一侧端部 ( 本实施例中为以右侧设置为例 ) 设置防错齿缺 3-2b-1 ，而另一侧则不必设置该缺齿口。相应的，在该端的卷轴端盖上的凹孔也需要设置相配合的结构。如图 4 中所示的，在端盖 2-2b 的凹孔 2-2b-3 中设置的相对应的防错口 2-2b-4 。设置上述防错齿缺 3-2b-1 的原因在于，由于存在上述避让齿缺 3-1-1 ，所述扭力杆 3 必须以适当的角度插入芯轴的通孔 2-3 ，防错齿缺 3-2b-1 能够确保装配时插入扭力杆 3 的操作一次成功。
图 6 示出的为图 5 所示的扭力杆 3 左侧端部 3-2a 的端部齿形，图 7 示出了扭力杆 3 左侧端部 3-2a 插入左侧端盖 2-2a 的凹孔的配合图；图 8 为图 5 所示的扭力杆 3 右侧端部 3-2b 的端部齿形，可以看到其端部设置的防错缺口 3-2b-1 ，图 9 示出了扭力杆 3 右侧端部 3-2b 插入右侧端盖 2-2b 的凹孔的配合图。
在扭力杆 3 右端设置所述的防错缺口 3-2b-1 导致左右两端的齿数不同，进而会导致在扭杆杆 3 扭曲时两端承受的扭力不再相同。为此，本发明中通过如下的方式解决该问题。
设置扭力杆 3 位于中部的外齿 3-1 向右侧端部 3-2b （即设置防错缺口的端部）倾斜，使扭力杆 3 中部的周向外齿齿面向设置防错齿缺 3-1-1 一端整体偏移。 图 11 和图 12 分别示出了扭力杆 3 的立体图和剖面图，由图 11 和图 12 可以看出齿 3-1-2 倾斜的情形。通过设置外齿 3-1 向右侧倾斜，有利于平衡芯轴 2-1 施加于该扭力杆 3 上的力，使其整体受力平衡。
需要说明的是，上述的实施例一中，是以扭力杆沿轴向不伸出芯轴两侧端盖为例进行说明的。但是本领域技术人员应当明白，本申请背景技术中所记载的卷收器中的扭力杆也可以应用于此，相应的端盖中心设置通孔。这里不再展开论述。
第二实施例
本实施例中的卷收器与上述第一实施例所不同的是，其中的扭力杆为分开的两段式结构，如图 13 示出的卷轴部件与扭力杆装配的部件分解图。
本实施例中，扭力杆包括同轴设置的两段：第一段 3a 和第二段 3b 。所述的两段轴向长度相同，在每一段的端部沿轴向均设置外齿。组为一体时，两段扭力杆其中两端对接在一起，端面相抵接，且相对端的外齿齿牙相对应，不错齿。相对接的两端的外齿整体相当于第一实施例中扭力杆的中部的周向外齿。其作用以及与芯轴的连接方式与上述第一实施例相同。两段扭力杆的另外两端分别插入卷轴的端盖的凹孔中，连接方式同上述第一实施例中所记载的相同，这里不再赘述。此外，在所述两段扭力杆相对接端部的外齿上均设置避让齿缺，且两避让齿缺位置相同并共同对应于芯轴上穿过并固定织带端部的固定槽。该避让齿缺与所述第一实施例中扭力杆中部外齿的避让齿缺作用相同，这里不再赘述。本实施例中除扭力杆之外的其它部分与上述的第一实施例相同。
将扭力杆设置为分立的两段具有如下效果：将两个相同直径或者不同直径的扭力杆段组合使用，可组合出多个限力值，从而可采用较少的扭力杆形成具有多个限力值的卷收器，满足不同汽车厂商对安全带限力值的不同要求。如图 14 和 15 分别示出了相同直径扭力杆段和不同直径扭力杆段组为扭力杆的示意图。另外，也可以使用相同材质或者不同材质的扭力杆组合使用，同样可以获得不同的限力效果。
此外，由于扭力杆是采用特殊材质并通过冷镦工艺加工而成，对于每一直径的扭力杆，都要有单独的模具，其制造设备以及模具昂贵。采用本实施例的两段式扭力杆，可以实现有限的加工模具加工出的扭力杆段组合出具有多个限力值的扭力杆，从而可减少开模数量，节约制造成本。并且，较短尺寸的扭力杆更便于加工，加工合格率更高，每个模具的成本也相对更低。
此外，改变扭力杆段的材质和改变直径可同时使用，以组合出更多变化。这里不再赘述。
第三实施例
本实施例的卷收器中，扭力杆同样为分开的两段，图 16 为本实施例的扭力杆的其中一杆段的结构示意图；图 17 为本实施例中两段式扭力杆与卷轴其它部件装配为一体时的剖面示意图；
请参考图 16 和图 17 ，本实施例中，扭力杆为杆状，且所述扭力杆在轴向同样为分开为两段。在每一段的两端均设置有周向外齿，请参考图 16 ，该扭力杆段 3a 两端部设置有外齿 3a-1 和外齿 3a-2 。所述两段扭力杆组为一体时，两段扭力杆其中两端对接在一起，端面相抵接，且相对端的外齿齿牙相对准，不错齿，构成整体的扭力杆。
与上述第二实施例所不同的是，本实施例中所述两段扭力杆沿轴向的有效长度不相同。所述有效长度是指扭力杆或杆段去除两端部外齿所在轴段之外的部分的轴向长度。如图 17 中所示，扭力杆的第一杆段 3a 较长，第二杆段 3b 较短，二者长度不相同。该不同的有效长度是在扭力杆设计中特意设计的，并非制造公差所致。本实施例的卷收器的其它结构可以与上述的第二实施例相同，这里不再展开论述。
本实施例中，扭力杆中部周向外齿两侧杆段在轴向上的有效长度不同，该扭力杆应用于安全带后，在芯轴转动时，有效长度较短的杆段由于变形更大而首先断裂失效，这一过程使该扭力杆的限力值出现明显变化。在该断裂失效发生之前，扭力杆以其全部的有效长度抵抗织带拉力，因而限力值相对较高，该阶段实现如图 21 所示的限力值较高的第一级限力；在所述断裂失效发生之后，芯轴继续在织带拉动下转动，直到有效长度较长的杆段在达到断裂转动圈数而断裂，在上述阶段实现了图 21 所示的限力值较低的第二级限力；在该阶段，由于有效长度较短的杆段已经断裂，承担织带拉力的只有尚未断裂的杆段，因此，该阶段的限力值较小。在上述过程中，安全带实现了碰撞过程中的递减限力效果，可更有效的保护安全带使用者。而上述的第一实施例和第二实施例中的限力式安全装置为恒力限力式，也称为一级限力式或单级限力式，其限力值与时间的特性曲线如图 19 所示。
此外，改变扭力杆段的有效长度、材质和改变直径可同时使用，以组合出更多变化。这里不再赘述。图 17 中扭力杆两杆段不但有效长度不同，其直径也不相同。
本实施例的其它部分可以与上述的第二实施例相同，这里不再赘述。
第四实施例
本实施例中卷轴的扭力杆，位于该扭力杆中部的周向外齿的两侧杆段在轴向上的有效长度不同。本实施例的扭力杆为如图 18 中所示的一体式，而非如第三实施例中的分段式。本实施例的卷轴的其它方面与上述的第三实施例相同，这里不再展开论述。
第五实施例
本实施例中，用于安全带的卷收器同样包括框架、卷轴和扭力杆；其中，框架与上述实施例 1 中可以相同。卷轴如图 22 、 23 和 24 中所示。其中图 22 为卷轴及扭力杆装配的部件分解图；图 23 为卷轴沿其轴向的剖视图；图 24 为图 23 中的局部放大图。
请参考图 22 、 23 和 24 ，本实施例中，所述卷轴 2 包括芯轴 2-1 和可分离设置于所述芯轴 2-1 两端的端盖：第一端盖 2-2a 和第二端盖 2-2b 。所述第一端盖 2-2a 的结构以及与芯轴 2-1 的装配关系与上述第一实施例和第二实施例相同。所述第二端盖 2-2b 朝向所述芯轴 2-1 的端面侧中央设置有具有内螺纹的螺纹孔 2-2b-3 ，且所述螺纹孔 2-2b-3 为盲孔。特别的，在本实施例中，如图 22 中所示，所述螺纹孔 2-2b-3 设置于伸出其所在端面侧的凸台 2-2b-4 上。与此相应的，在芯轴 2-1 的相应端面侧需设置有容纳该凸台 2-2b-4 的止口。
本实施例中，卷收器所述扭力杆 3 在轴向分开为两段，称为第一杆段 3a 和第二杆段 3b 。在每一杆段的两端均设置有外齿。在所述两段扭力杆组为一体时，两段扭力杆其中两端对接在一起，端面相抵接，且相对端的外齿齿牙相对准，不错齿，构成整体的扭力杆。位于扭力杆的两端对接端部的外齿与所述芯轴 2-1 的通孔内设置的内齿相配合，如图 22 中所示。
位于扭力杆的其中一外端部的外齿与本实施例的卷收器的上的第一端盖 2-2a 上的凹孔内齿相配合。而位于扭力杆另一外端部的外齿与如图 22 中所示的环形齿圈 8 的内孔 8-1 内齿相配合。本实施例中，所述扭力杆 3 沿轴向的长度不大于卷收器卷轴的轴向长度。需要说明的是，在本说明书的描述中，若涉及扭力杆，除非明确说明是某一段扭力杆，均是指由上述两段组合而成的整体。
本实施例中，所述环形齿圈 8 的内孔设置有整圈的内齿，该内齿如上所述，与扭力杆的一外端部相配合。外周沿周向设置有外螺纹，该外螺纹与所述第二端盖 2-2b 上的螺纹孔 2-2b-3 的内螺纹相配合。
装配时，扭力杆 3 插入并穿过所述芯轴 2-1 的通孔 2-3 之中，且其轴向中部的外齿与所述芯轴 2-1 的通孔 2-3 内壁设置的内齿相啮合。第一端盖 2-2a 和第二端盖 2-2b 分别从左右两端覆盖于芯轴 2-1 的两端部，相应位置的限力销与销孔相对应。所述扭力杆 3 的其中一端插入所述第一端盖 2-2a 的凹孔之中，其端部外齿与相应凹孔的内齿相啮合；另一端插入所述环形齿圈 8 的内孔中，并与其内孔的内齿相啮合。所述环形齿圈 8 通过其外周螺纹旋入所述第二端盖 2-2b 的螺纹孔 2-2b-3 中，构成所述第二端盖 2-2b 的一部分，且螺纹并未旋紧，留有一定圈数（如一至两圈）的螺距。也就是说，所述扭力杆 3 一端与所述第一端盖 2-2a 通过内外齿相啮合，另一端通过环形齿圈 8 与所述第二端盖 2-2b 相旋合。
所述卷轴整体设置于所述框架之中，设置方式如上述的第一实施例中卷轴设置。
本实施例的卷收器工作过程如下：在发生碰撞时，织带带动所述芯轴 2-1 旋转，扭力杆 3 中部通过中部的周向外齿与芯轴 2-1 的内齿啮合，使其承受织带的拉力，带动扭力杆 3 转动。而由于在织带拉紧时，芯轴 2-1 的两端盖会被锁止在框架上，其中第一端盖 2-2a 与扭力杆 3 的其中一端盖相啮合，使得扭力杆该端部被固定而无法转动，另一端部通过与之啮合的环形齿圈与第二端盖相旋合，并保留一定圈数的螺距而可旋转。也就是说，在织带的拉力达到第一限力值时，与第一端盖 2-2a 啮合的端部固定不动，而与第二端盖 2-2b 相旋合的端部以及整个扭力杆均可发生一定的转动，这使得扭力杆 3 的第一杆段 3a 受力而发生扭转变形，进而使得芯轴 2-1 发生一定角度的转动，释放部分织带，该扭力杆 3 的扭转形变特性能够将织带适当放出，实现第一级限力。随着织带继续对芯轴施加拉力，扭力杆 3 与第二端盖 2-2b 相旋合的端部螺纹被旋紧，该扭力杆 3 端部不再旋转，在织带拉力达到第二限力值时，第二杆段 3b 开始受力，此时，第一杆段 3a 和第二杆段 3 b 同时受力，均发生旋转，织带又被释放出一部分，从而实现了第二级限力。由于第一级限力的限力值由第一杆段 3a 决定，而第二级限力的限力值由第一杆段 3a 和第二杆段 3b 同时决定，故第二级限力值大于第一级限力值，即本实施例的卷轴实现了递增式限力，图 20 示出了递增限力式安全装置限力值与时间的特性曲线。递增式限力的安全装置对于没有其他安全措施（例如安全气囊）同时保护的情形下，有着特别重要的意义。例如汽车后排乘客，或者儿童座椅等一般不安装安全气囊的位置，使用上述递增式限力的安全带会起到更好的保护作用。原因在于：在后排没有安全气囊的情形下，发生碰撞事故时，不能任由乘客大距离的前倾，需要在较小的一级限力释放部分织带的后，增加限力值，使得织带被拉出时需要克服更大的扭力，以限制乘客前倾的距离，避免碰撞前部座椅或汽车其它部位，而较小的一级限力则避免可过大的束缚力对人体的损伤。
此外，本实施例中，扭力杆 3 为分段式，其两段的有效长度可不同。所述两段扭力杆的直径和材质也可以不同。分段的扭力杆可降低制造难度，减少制造成本。此外，也便于组合出不同扭力等级的限力效果。
在上述的实施例中，所述扭力杆 3 端部通过与之啮合环形齿圈 8 与第二端盖 2-2b 旋合相连接。在本发明的另外实施例中，还可以将所述环形齿圈 8 与所述第二端盖 2-2b 设置为一体成型，或者不设置该环形齿圈 8 ，而直接在扭力杆 3 该端部设置与螺纹孔 2-2b-3 相配的外螺纹。当然，这在一定程度上会增加扭力杆 3 的制造难度。
此外在本发明的另外实施例中，所述扭力杆 3 也可不必为分段式，其也可以是一体式，这里不再赘述。
此外， 需要说明的是，上述的实施例中，是以扭力杆沿轴向不伸出芯轴两侧端盖为例进行说明的。但是本领域技术人员应当明白，本申请背景技术中所记载的卷收器中的扭力杆也可以应用于此，此时，所述扭力杆沿轴向的长度大于所述卷轴在轴向的长度。相应的端盖中央需设置为带内螺纹孔通孔（对第二端盖而言）或带内齿通孔（对第一端盖而言）。这里不再展开论述。
本发明还保护一种安全带总成，该安全带总成使用了上述实施例所述卷收器，并能够获得上述实施例的卷收器所带来的有益效果。卷收器与织带以及其它相关零配件的装配可以参看现有的技术，这里不再展开论述。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，包括：卷收器框架、卷轴和扭力杆；其中， 所述卷收器框架包括两相对的侧壁；在所述两侧壁相对应位置设置有带内齿段的圆形孔；所述齿段设置于织带向外牵引方向对应的位置； 卷轴包括沿中轴线设置有芯轴通孔且用于缠绕织带的芯轴和分别设置于上述芯轴两端的两个分离式端盖；沿所述端盖的外周设置有与所述框架上内齿相匹配的外齿； 所述扭力杆呈杆状，且沿卷轴轴线设置于所述芯轴通孔之中，其两端部至少延伸至芯轴两侧的端盖；所述扭力杆在轴向的中部设置有中段外齿，所述芯轴通孔中的设置与该外齿对应啮合的内齿，通过上述外齿和内齿使该扭力杆与芯轴连接；该扭力杆与所述两端盖交叉位置，通过设置在该位置的齿轮以及端盖上对应设置的齿轮，实现扭力杆与两端的分离式端盖的连接； 在自由状态下，所述卷轴可旋转的浮动设置于所述卷收器框架中，卷轴两端盖置于所述卷收器框架的两侧壁的圆形孔中；在锁止时，所述卷轴两端盖的外齿与所述框架上的内齿相啮合。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，所述扭力杆与两端的分离式端盖的连接采用如下结构：在端盖的朝向芯轴的内侧面，其端面中心位置设置带内齿的中心凹孔；与该端盖配合的所述扭力杆端头插入该端盖的中心凹孔之中，且扭力杆端头设置有端部外齿，所述端盖内端面的中心凹孔中设置有内齿，两者相啮合。
  3. 根据权利要求 2 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，所述扭力杆中部的中段外齿上对应于芯轴上穿过并固定安全带织带端部的固定槽的位置设置有避让齿缺；所述扭力杆一个端部设置的端部外齿在周向上与上述避让齿缺相对应的位置设置有防错齿缺；相应的，与该设置防错齿缺的扭力杆端部对应的端盖上，其内侧面的中心凹孔的内齿上，设置与所述防错齿缺相配合的缺口结构。
  4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，所述扭力杆在与其中一端盖的交叉位置通过齿轮与该端盖啮合，该端盖称为第一端盖；在另一端盖的朝向卷轴一侧，还包括外周设置外螺纹且内孔设置内齿的环形齿圈，该另一端盖称为第二端盖；在所述第二端盖朝向所述芯轴的端面侧中央设置有与所述环形齿圈外周螺纹相配的螺纹孔；在所述扭力杆的相应于该第二端盖的端部设置有与所述环形齿圈内齿相配合的外齿；装配后，所述扭力杆端部的外齿置于所述环形齿圈中，所述环形齿圈旋入所述第二端盖的螺纹孔中。
  5. 根据权利要求 3 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，所述扭力杆中段外齿的外齿齿形向设置防错缺口的端部倾斜。
  6. 根据权利要求 2 或 3 或 4 或 5 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，所述扭力杆的轴向长度不大于所述端盖的轴向长度。
  7. 根据权利要求 6 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于： 所述扭力杆在轴向分开为对接在一起的两段，每一段扭力杆的两端均设置有外齿，且两段扭力杆对接端部的外齿齿形相对准；所述两段扭力杆对接端部的周向外齿共同构成所述中段外齿。
  8. 根据权利要求 7 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，所述扭力杆的两段分别具有不同的直径和 / 或不同的材质。
  9. 根据权利要求 1 至 8 任一权利要求所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于 : 位于该扭力杆中部的周向外齿的两侧杆段在轴向上的有效长度不同 ; 其中，所述有效长度是指扭力杆或杆段去除两端部外齿所在轴段之外的部分的轴向长度。
  10. 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，在芯轴两侧，每侧至少设置二个限力销；该限力销固定在所述芯轴的端面，并插入端盖上对应该限力销位置设置的销孔；或者，该限力销固定在所述端盖上，并插入芯轴端面上对应该限力销位置设置的销孔。
  11. 根据权利要求 10 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，所述芯轴两端的两限力销设置位置不同，能够防止左右端盖装配错误，并保证装配后两端盖的外齿错开固定的角度。
  12. 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于安全带的卷收器，其特征在于，芯轴与端盖相邻接的端面设置相互配合的止口，止口位置设置有减磨环； 在所述每一端盖的内侧外沿均设置有环形凸台，在所述芯轴两端面与所述环形凸台相应位置设置有避让止口。
  13. 一种安全带总成，其特征在于，使用上述权利要求 1 至 12 任一项所述的卷收器。
  14. 一种扭力杆，应用于安全带卷收器，其特征在于，所述扭力杆呈杆状，在其两端部和中部均设置周向外齿，且位于扭力杆两端部的外齿与卷收器上的两端盖端面的中心凹孔内齿相配合； 所述扭力杆为一体成型；或者 所述扭力杆在轴向分开为对接在一起的两段，每一段扭力杆的两端均设置有外齿，且两段扭力杆对接端部的外齿齿形相对准；所述两段扭力杆对接端部的周向外齿共同构成所述中部设置的外齿。
  15. 根据权利要求 14 所述的扭力杆，其特征在于， 位于该扭力杆中部的周向外齿的两侧杆段在轴向上的有效长度不同 ; 其中，所述有效长度是指扭力杆或杆段去除两端部外齿所在轴段之外的部分的轴向长度。
  16. 一种卷轴，应用于上述权利要求 1 至 12 任一所述的卷收器，其特征在于： 卷轴包括沿中轴线设置有芯轴通孔且用于缠绕织带的芯轴和分别设置于上述芯轴两端的两个分离式端盖； 所述端盖呈扁圆柱体状；每一端盖沿外周均设置有与所述卷收器框架侧壁的内齿齿形相配合外齿，且朝向芯轴的内端面的中心位置设置带内齿的中心凹孔，所述中心凹孔的内齿齿形与所述扭力杆其中一端部的外齿齿形相配合；所述芯轴中轴线位置的通孔的中段位置设置有与所述扭力杆中部外齿相配合的内齿。
  17. 一种端盖， 应用于上述权利要求 1 至 12 任一项所述的卷收器，其特征在于， 所述端盖呈扁圆柱体状；沿其外周均设置有与所述卷收器框架侧壁的内齿齿形相配合外齿，且朝向芯轴的内端面的中心位置设置带内齿的中心凹孔，所述中心凹孔的内齿齿形与所述扭力杆其中一端部的外齿齿形相配合； 或者，所述端盖呈扁圆柱体状；沿其外周均设置有与所述卷收器框架侧壁的内齿齿形相配合外齿， 所述端盖还包括外周设置外螺纹且内孔设置内齿的环形齿圈，在所述端盖本体朝向所述芯轴的端面侧中央设置有与所述环形齿圈外周螺纹相配的螺纹孔，所述环形齿圈与所述端盖本体通过内外螺纹相配合方式装配为一体。
PCT/CN2013/082175 2012-08-27 2013-08-23 一种用于安全带的卷收器、扭力杆、卷轴、端盖和安全带总成 WO2014032546A1 (zh)

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EP13833997.3A EP2889191B1 (en) 2012-08-27 2013-08-23 Retractor for safety belt, torsion bar, spool, end cap and safety belt assembly
US14/421,457 US9718437B2 (en) 2012-08-27 2013-08-23 Winder, a torsion bar, a reel, end covers and a safety belt assembly used for a force limiting safety belt

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CN201210309320.6 2012-08-27
CN201210309066.X 2012-08-27
CN201210308979.X 2012-08-27
CN201210309320.6A CN102837665B (zh) 2012-08-27 2012-08-27 卷轴、端盖、安全带卷收器和安全带总成
CN201210309026.5A CN102923091B (zh) 2012-08-27 2012-08-27 用于安全带卷收器的扭力杆及安全带卷收器、安全带总成
CN201210309066.XA CN102837664B (zh) 2012-08-27 2012-08-27 一种用于安全带的卷收器和安全带总成
CN201210308979.XA CN102837663B (zh) 2012-08-27 2012-08-27 用于安全带卷收器的扭力杆及安全带卷收器、安全带总成
CN201210309026.5 2012-08-27
CN201210496376.7 2012-11-29
CN201210496376.7A CN103847684B (zh) 2012-11-29 2012-11-29 用于安全带卷收器的扭力杆、安全带卷收器及安全带总成
CN201310032779.0 2013-01-29
CN201310032779.0A CN103963737B (zh) 2013-01-29 2013-01-29 用于安全带的卷收器、端盖、环形齿圈和安全带总成

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