WO2014030139A1 - Dispositif de bourrage - Google Patents

Dispositif de bourrage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014030139A1
WO2014030139A1 PCT/IB2013/056813 IB2013056813W WO2014030139A1 WO 2014030139 A1 WO2014030139 A1 WO 2014030139A1 IB 2013056813 W IB2013056813 W IB 2013056813W WO 2014030139 A1 WO2014030139 A1 WO 2014030139A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
stemming device
borehole
stemming
static member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2013/056813
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Hofmeyr Godsiff
Original Assignee
Fowlds 3 Limited
Non-Detonating Solutions (Pty) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fowlds 3 Limited, Non-Detonating Solutions (Pty) Limited filed Critical Fowlds 3 Limited
Publication of WO2014030139A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014030139A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/087Flexible or deformable blasting cartridges, e.g. bags or hoses for slurries
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D1/00Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/18Plugs for boreholes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D1/00Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/22Methods for holding or positioning for blasting cartridges or tamping cartridges

Definitions

  • This invention relates to rock breaking and, more particularly, it relates to a device for stemming a charge of a gas producing material used in rock breaking.
  • rock as used herein covers natural rock and also includes concrete or similar structures that are to be broken up.
  • Non-detonating explosives function by containing and directing rapidly expanding gases within and against the rock, thereby causing the rock to break without the violent shock wave and pulverisation of rock typically associated with detonating explosives.
  • Non-detonating explosives are used by drilling boreholes into the rock, inserting a non-detonating explosive cartridge containing a gas generating compound, commonly a propellant, into the boreholes and igniting the cartridge.
  • a gas generating compound commonly a propellant
  • the borehole Prior to ignition of the cartridge, the borehole must be stemmed by either packing particulate material or a stemming device into the borehole after insertion of the cartridge. The stemming of the borehole keeps the gases created by the cartridge within the borehole once the cartridge has been ignited, resulting in high pressure being created within the borehole, thus causing the rock to fracture.
  • stemming devices have been proposed in the prior art. These typically rely on some form of wedging action to secure the device in position in the hole. Although numerous stemming devices have been proposed in the prior art, these are typically intended for use with detonating explosives. As such, they must be secured in position, that is, expanded in the hole after insertion and before initiation of the explosive. The shock wave produced after detonation cannot be harnessed to activate or expand the stemming device. As far as the applicant is aware, no prior art stemming devices are particularly effective and the use thereof remains limited, thus the use of particulate material for stemming remains widespread.
  • gas producing material shall have its widest meaning and include any material which produces gas in a suitably vigorous manner to be useful in breaking rock.
  • a stemming device comprising a piston movable from a rest position to an operative position relative to a complementary static member to cause radial expansion of the device and wherein the piston has a leading end which operatively faces a charge in a borehole and the piston is configured to move under action from the charge or gas produced by the charge, and wherein part of the piston, preferably the leading end, provides a sliding fit within the borehole and the stemming device includes a passage to accommodate an actuating tube or cable extending from the charge externally of the borehole.
  • the passage to extend substantially centrally through the stemming device; for a detent to be associated with the passage to operatively prevent withdrawal of the actuating tube or cable therefrom; and for a pressure resistant seal or grommet to be provided within the passage operatively over the actuating tube or cable.
  • Still further features of the invention provide for formations to be provided on the static member to engage the sides of the borehole.
  • leading end of the piston to include a radially extending flange; for the flange to have an outwardly inclined circumferential skirt; and for the skirt to be resiliency flexible.
  • the piston to have a tapered end that extends within a passage in the static member; and for the passage in the static member to have a taper complementary to the tapered end of the piston.
  • the static member has a plurality of circumferentially spaced longitudinal slots or lines of weakness; for the slots or lines of weakness to extend from a trailing end toward the leading end of the static member; and for each slot or line of weakness to extend approximately half way along the length of the static member.
  • the static member has a tubular body with a number of ports therein and an anchor member associated with each port; for each anchor member to have a lug which extends centrally from one side of a panel; for each lug to provide a complementary fit within a port and the panels to be configured to extend over a part of the outer surface of the body; for the end of each lug opposite the panel to have a complementary taper to the piston; and for the tapered end of the piston to engage the lugs to cause radially outward displacement of each anchor member from the body.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a partial longitudinal section of a first embodiment of a stemming device in accordance with the invention.
  • illustrates a three-dimensional view of the stemming device illustrated in Figure 1 illustrates a three-dimensional end view of the stemming device illustrated in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 7 illustrates a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of a stemming device in accordance with the invention; illustrates a three-dimensional view of a third embodiment of a stemming device in accordance with the invention; illustrates a longitudinal section of the static member of the stemming device illustrated in Figure 8; illustrates an end view if the static member illustrated in Figures 7; and illustrates a longitudinal section of the stemming device illustrated in Figure 6 in use with a cartridge in a borehole.
  • the invention provides a stemming device for use with a cartridge containing a gas producing substance, such as propellant, commonly referred to as non- detonating explosives.
  • the stemming device comprises a static member and a piston, wherein the piston is able to move from a rest position to an operative position relative to the static member so as to cause radial expansion of the stemming device.
  • the static member includes formations for engaging the sides of a borehole.
  • the piston has a leading end which, in use, faces the cartridge in a borehole and part of the piston, preferably the leading end, provides a sliding fit within the borehole. Ignition of the cartridge causes gas to form resulting in pressure being exerted on the leading end of the piston. The pressure causes the piston to move from its rest position to its operative position to thereby cause radial expansion of the device and effect stemming within the borehole.
  • Figures 1 to 4 illustrate a first embodiment of a stemming device (10) in accordance with the invention.
  • the stemming device (10) includes a static member (12) and a piston (14) which moves relative thereto.
  • the static member (12) is provided by a cylindrical body (16), preferably moulded from a suitable plastics material, with a passage (18) extending axially therethrough.
  • the passage (18) is shaped to receive a shock tube (20) therein, as best illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. Part way along its length, the passage (18) tapers outwardly toward a leading end (22) of the static member (18).
  • the static member (12) further includes three circumferential grooves (24) spaced apart from a trailing end (26) of the static member, and two longitudinal slots (28) that extend normally to each other, diametrically through the static member (12) from the trailing end (26) approximately half way along the length of the static member (12).
  • the piston (14) has a tapered end (30) which provides a complementary fit within the tapered portion of the passage (18) of the static member (12).
  • An inwardly extending lip (31 ) about the end of the passage (18) provides a snap fit over the tapered end (3) of the piston (14) and prevents its withdrawal from the passage (18).
  • a stem (32) extends centrally between the tapered end (30) and a radially extending flange (34) or disc which forms the leading end (36) of the piston (14).
  • An outwardly inclined resiliency flexible skirt (38) extends integrally from the leading end (40) of the flange (34).
  • the flange (34) and the outwardly inclined resiliency flexible skirt (38) provide a sliding fit within a borehole (46), the advantage of which will become apparent from the description further below.
  • a passage (42) extends centrally through the piston (14) and corresponds to the passage (18) in the static member (12) so that the shock tube (20) may be fed through both passages (18, 42) into a cartridge (44) within the borehole (46), as best illustrated in Figures 3 and 4.
  • a detent (48) is provided at the trailing end (26) of the static member (12) and includes a plate (50) which extends hingedly from a base (52) which is secured to the static member (12).
  • the plate (50) and base (52) are preferably made from a resiliency flexible metal and are formed so that the plate (50) is inclined away from the trailing end (26) of the static member (12) adjacent the opening to the passage (18).
  • An aperture (54) is provided in the plate (50) having the same diameter as that of the passage (18) so as to allow the shock tube (20) to be fed through the aperture (54) and into the passage (18). The plate (50) can be pushed into contact with the trailing end (26) of the static member (12) and when in contact, the aperture (54) is coaxial with the passage (18).
  • the detent (48) acts to permit the shock tube (20) to be inserted into the passage (18) from the trailing end (26) as friction between the plate (50) and the shock tube (20) moves the plate (50) against its bias towards the trailing end (26) so that the aperture (54) aligns with the passage (18).
  • the plate (50) moves away from the trailing end (26) so that the aperture (54) moves out of alignment with the passage (18). This movement causes the periphery (56) of the aperture (54) distal from the base (52) to bite into the shock tube (20) and prevent further movement and withdrawal thereof.
  • the periphery (56) of the aperture (54) bites into the shock tube (20) may be provided with teeth that are inclined toward the trailing end (26) of the static member (12), and which enable the shock tube (20) to be fed through the aperture (54), but at the same time preventing its withdrawal therefrom.
  • the benefit of the detent (48) will become apparent from the further description below, and it should be noted that the shock tube (20) may be withdrawn from the passage (18) by manually pressing the plate (50) against the trailing end (26) of the static member (12).
  • FIG 4 illustrates the stemming device (10) of Figures 1 to 3 in use with a charge, in this embodiment a non-explosive cartridge (44) in a borehole (46).
  • a non-explosive cartridge (44) in this embodiment, the stemming device (10) is inserted into the borehole (46) with the shock tube (20) extending therethrough.
  • An igniter (47) or detonator is secured to the end of the shock tube (20) in conventional fashion and located within the cartridge (44) to cause ignition thereof.
  • the igniter (47) is typically crimped over the shock tube (20) and has a diameter only slightly larger than that of the shock tube (20).
  • the passages (18, 42) are typically of sufficient diameter to accommodate the igniter (47), but may also be sized to only accept the shock tube (20), in which case the igniter (47) will be fitted after inserting the shock tube (20) through the stemming device (10).
  • the stemming device (10) is inserted into the borehole (46) with the skirt (38) adjacent the cartridge (44).
  • the radially extending flange (34) has a circumference of approximately that of the borehole (46) to ensure a sliding fit within the borehole (46), while the skirt (38) has a circumference slightly larger than that of the borehole (46) so that when the stemming device (10) is inserted into the borehole (46), the skirt (38) deforms slightly inwardly, thereby ensuring a sealing fit against the sides (58) of the borehole (46).
  • the sliding fit provided by the flange (34) and the skirt (38) effectively ensures that no gas can escape along the sides of the stemming device (10), thereby ensuring that the piston (14) is moved into the static member (12) and that stemming occurs. If gas were allowed to escape along the sides of the stemming device (10), the pressure formed by the expanding gas would not cause stemming to occur, thereby causing the stemming device (10) to simply be shot out of the borehole (46) with no fracture of the rock taking place as the gas would not be confined within the borehole (26).
  • the slots (28) provided in the static member (12) permit rapid expansion thereof, and similar slots may be provided from the leading end (22) of the static member (12) should this be required.
  • lines of weakness can be provided instead of, or in addition to, slots. These can take the form of sulcations, score lines, grooves, perforations and the like.
  • the stemming device (10) of the present invention allows for easy removal of the stemming device (10) and cartridge (44) through the detent (48) provided at the trailing end (26) of the static member (12).
  • the igniter (47) is secured within the cartridge (44), it can be withdrawn together with the stemming device (10). Alternatively, a further cartridge (not shown) is inserted into the borehole (46) and the stemming procedure simply repeated.
  • an electrical operating cable (not shown) is used to ignite the cartridge (44)
  • such cable may typically provide insufficient strength to permit withdrawal of the stemming device (10) and cartridge (44) as described above.
  • the stemming device (10) will be supplied with a suitably reinforced length of cable already in place, to which the electrical operating cable may be connected, so that, should a misfire occur, it will be possible to remove the stemming device (10) and cartridge (44) from the borehole (46) and replace the cartridge (44) with a new one.
  • a hook or similar structure could be provided on the static member about which the cable could be looped or knotted to enable later withdrawal.
  • the stemming device (10) in accordance with the invention is simple to construct, easy to insert into a borehole (46) and highly effective in operation. Furthermore, the stemming device (10) can easily be withdrawn from a borehole (44) should the need arise, which most stemming devices disclosed in the prior art do not allow.
  • the skirt (70) can extend from a web (72) which is adhesively secured to the leading end (74) of the flange (34).
  • the web (72) includes an aperture (76) that is slightly smaller than the circumference of the shock tube (20) so that when the shock tube (20) is fed through the aperture (76), the material of the web (72) extends about the shock tube (20) away from the flange (34) and toward the cartridge (44).
  • the pressure created by the expanding gas acts on the material of the web (72) and forces the material into a more intimate contact with the shock tube (20), again preventing the escape of gas between the web (72) and the circumference of the shock tube (20).
  • the piston (80) need not have a conical surface engaging the static member (82) but could have any suitable shape, including a rounded shape as shown in Figure 7.
  • the static member (82) could have any suitable shape which co-operates with the piston to result in radial expansion of the device.
  • Figures 8 to 1 1 illustrate yet a further embodiment of a stemming device (90) in accordance with the invention.
  • the piston (92) is identical to the piston (14) illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 with the static member (94) having a different configuration.
  • Figures 9 to 10 illustrate different views of only the static member (94), while Figure 1 1 illustrates the whole stemming device (90) in use.
  • the static member (94) has three elongate, longitudinally extending, circumferentially spaced ports (96) near its trailing end (98) and an anchor member (100) is associated with each port (96).
  • Each anchor member (100) has a lug (102) which extends centrally from one side of a panel (104).
  • Each lug (102) provides a complementary, sliding fit within a port (96) with each panel (104) providing a complementary fit over part of the outer surface of the static member (94).
  • the panels (104) each have a number of longitudinally spaced grooves (106) on their outer surface.
  • the anchor members (100) are held in place by a loop of thin wire (108) wrapped about the static member (94) and which rests within one of the groves (106). Any other suitable means could be used, for example, elastic or rubber band, adhesive tape or a tube of a plastics film.
  • each lug (102) opposite the panel (104) abuts the piston (92) and has a taper complementary thereto.
  • the pressure created by the rapidly expanding gas acts on the radially extending flange (1 14) of the piston (92) and causes the piston (92) move into the passage (1 16) of the static member (94).
  • This movement causes the tapered end (1 18) of the piston (92) to engage the lugs (102) of the anchor members (100), thereby displacing the anchor members (100) outwardly from the static member (94) and resulting in radial expansion of the stemming device (90).
  • any suitable materials can be used for the stemming device of the present invention and the shock tube or operating cord can be accommodated in any suitable manner. It is, for example, not required to have a central passage through the stemming device and a passage could instead be provided extending along the outer surface of the device. Also, any suitable detent could be used including, for example, inclined teeth within the passage in which the shock tube or operating cord is accommodated. Furthermore, the stemming devices and cartridges could be configured to be securable to each other and any suitable method can be used for preventing separation of the piston and static member of the stemming device. Also, it is not necessary for the leading end to provide a sliding fit in the borehole, but rather a flange or similar structure could be provided partway along the piston. It is merely required that a surface be provided on which gas will act and which prevents substantial egress of gas therearound which has the ability to act directly on the static member and potentially cause it to be ejected from he borehole.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de bourrage (10) conçu pour être utilisé avec une charge (44) contenant une matière produisant un gaz dans un trou de forage (46). Ce dispositif de bourrage (10) comprend un piston (14) déplaçable d'une position de repos vers une position de fonctionnement par rapport à un élément statique complémentaire (12) pour induire une expansion radiale du dispositif de bourrage (10). Le piston (14) comprend une extrémité d'attaque (36) faisant face de manière fonctionnelle à la charge (44) dans le trou de forage (46) et formant un ajustement glissant dans le trou de forage (46), et configuré pour se déplacer sous l'action de la charge (44) ou du gaz produit par la charge (44). Le dispositif (10) est en outre conçu pour loger un tube ou câble d'actionnement (20) qui s'étend de la charge (44) à l'extérieur du trou de forage (46) et ledit élément statique (12) comprend des structures (24) conçues pour venir au contact des côtés du trou de forage (46).
PCT/IB2013/056813 2012-08-22 2013-08-22 Dispositif de bourrage WO2014030139A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA201206316 2012-08-22
ZA2012/06316 2012-08-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014030139A1 true WO2014030139A1 (fr) 2014-02-27

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150053106A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2015-02-26 Fowlds 3 Limited Blasting cartridge
CN107036497A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-08-11 常州宇航机器人有限公司 一种全钢气体爆破的密封防飞管
CN107044804A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-08-15 常州宇航机器人有限公司 一种气体爆破的密封防飞管
CN107462113A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-12-12 常州宇航机器人有限公司 一种新型气体爆破的密封及防飞管
CN107762503A (zh) * 2016-08-17 2018-03-06 赵勇 一种二氧化碳爆破管爆破时防后坐力膨胀抓手
CN107894194A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2018-04-10 何洪彬 一种煤矿炮眼封堵装置
CN107941107A (zh) * 2017-12-04 2018-04-20 何洪彬 一种井下炮眼炸药填充压紧器
CN108548462A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-09-18 贵州大学 一种工程爆破用炸药固定装置
CN109813191A (zh) * 2019-04-01 2019-05-28 中国矿业大学 煤岩深孔射流复合爆炸压裂集成管及其应用
CN111336879A (zh) * 2020-04-08 2020-06-26 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种炮孔堵塞装置
WO2023184046A1 (fr) * 2022-03-30 2023-10-05 Enaex Servicios Sa Raccord de tuyau de chargement et suppresseur pour conduits ascendants dans une exploitation minière souterraine
AT526621A2 (de) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-15 Juergen Hoff Ankeranordnung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3321357A1 (de) * 1983-06-14 1984-12-20 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Industriekartusche
WO2004088239A1 (fr) * 2003-04-03 2004-10-14 Stoeckl Robert John Contenant d'explosion
US20080236434A1 (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-02 Gonzalez Luis German Gonzalez Mechanical Stemming Apparatus for Mining Blasting Operations
US20090314177A1 (en) * 2008-06-19 2009-12-24 George Laszlo Tamping Device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3321357A1 (de) * 1983-06-14 1984-12-20 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Industriekartusche
WO2004088239A1 (fr) * 2003-04-03 2004-10-14 Stoeckl Robert John Contenant d'explosion
US20080236434A1 (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-02 Gonzalez Luis German Gonzalez Mechanical Stemming Apparatus for Mining Blasting Operations
US20090314177A1 (en) * 2008-06-19 2009-12-24 George Laszlo Tamping Device

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150053106A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2015-02-26 Fowlds 3 Limited Blasting cartridge
CN107762503A (zh) * 2016-08-17 2018-03-06 赵勇 一种二氧化碳爆破管爆破时防后坐力膨胀抓手
CN107036497A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-08-11 常州宇航机器人有限公司 一种全钢气体爆破的密封防飞管
CN107044804A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-08-15 常州宇航机器人有限公司 一种气体爆破的密封防飞管
CN107462113A (zh) * 2017-06-01 2017-12-12 常州宇航机器人有限公司 一种新型气体爆破的密封及防飞管
CN107941107B (zh) * 2017-12-04 2019-08-02 广西金建华民用爆破器材有限公司 一种井下炮眼炸药填充压紧器
CN107941107A (zh) * 2017-12-04 2018-04-20 何洪彬 一种井下炮眼炸药填充压紧器
CN107894194B (zh) * 2017-12-07 2019-05-17 何洪彬 一种煤矿炮眼封堵装置
CN107894194A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2018-04-10 何洪彬 一种煤矿炮眼封堵装置
CN108548462A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-09-18 贵州大学 一种工程爆破用炸药固定装置
CN109813191A (zh) * 2019-04-01 2019-05-28 中国矿业大学 煤岩深孔射流复合爆炸压裂集成管及其应用
CN109813191B (zh) * 2019-04-01 2023-10-24 中国矿业大学 煤岩深孔射流复合爆炸压裂集成管及其应用
CN111336879A (zh) * 2020-04-08 2020-06-26 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种炮孔堵塞装置
CN111336879B (zh) * 2020-04-08 2022-06-03 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种炮孔堵塞装置
WO2023184046A1 (fr) * 2022-03-30 2023-10-05 Enaex Servicios Sa Raccord de tuyau de chargement et suppresseur pour conduits ascendants dans une exploitation minière souterraine
AT526621A2 (de) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-15 Juergen Hoff Ankeranordnung

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