WO2002090872A1 - Fragmentation de materiaux durs - Google Patents

Fragmentation de materiaux durs Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002090872A1
WO2002090872A1 PCT/IB2002/001569 IB0201569W WO02090872A1 WO 2002090872 A1 WO2002090872 A1 WO 2002090872A1 IB 0201569 W IB0201569 W IB 0201569W WO 02090872 A1 WO02090872 A1 WO 02090872A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cartridges
rock
hole
stemming
face
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2002/001569
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Luke Emmanuel Cronin
Stephanus Jacobus Van Vuuren
Nigel Rogers
Original Assignee
Brandrill Torrex (Proprietary) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brandrill Torrex (Proprietary) Limited filed Critical Brandrill Torrex (Proprietary) Limited
Publication of WO2002090872A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002090872A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/16—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by fire-setting or by similar methods based on a heat effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of breaking hard material such as rock.
  • Small charge blasting on the other hand often does not have the disadvantages of the drill and blast method.
  • a machine drills a hole into the rock to be broken and a pressurized working fluid, such as a gas, water, or foam, is released rapidly into a portion of the hole, usually the bottom portion.
  • the pressurized fluid is typically generated by combustion of a propellant or explosive source, by electrical discharge into a conductive fluid, by inducing a rapid phase change or by mechanical compression of a working fluid.
  • a stemming bar, gas introduction barrel or stemming material seals and stems the pressurized fluid in the hole bottom thereby causing fracturing of the rock.
  • Small charge blasting can be highly mechanized and automated to increase productivity, can permit excavation machinery to remain near the face due to reduced fly rock discharge, and can have a seismic signature that is relatively small because of the small amount of blasting agent used in the blasting sequence.
  • the gas generating substance is placed in the hole and activated in situ.
  • the substance may be contained in a cartridge together with an initiator.
  • a small charge blasting method may perform satisfactorily (ie. break rock from the working face to a satisfactory depth) or may break rock from a required depth to a position short of the rock face. In the latter situation an "island” of rock may remain and which must be subsequently removed. This is particularly the case in the rock adjacent gullies and the like. This rock has been previously subjected to the effects of the adjacent rock breakage/removal and includes cracks and fractures which result in gas escape during small charge blasting with the consequent imperfect breakaway and "island” formation.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a method of breaking rock and other hard material the use of which will at least decrease the occurrence of the aforementioned problem.
  • a method of breaking a hard material comprises the steps of:
  • the method includes the step of
  • the hard material is rock and at one side of the face is a space into which rock may be broken.
  • a plurality of holes are drilled into the face, the holes being generally parallel to each other and having a predetermined spacing and depth.
  • one cartridge is at or near the bottom of the hole/s.
  • the cartridges are spaced with a particulate stemming material. Still further according to the invention the cartridges are stemmed using at least one of a particulate stemming, a stemming bar and a plug.
  • the cartridge is initiated substantially simultaneously.
  • the underground mine has a standard configuration with a slope or rock face (1) which it is intended to advance.
  • rock face On either side of the rock face are gullies or passages (not shown). It is well known that the rock adjacent the gullies is difficult to move using small charge blasting techniques because of the multiplicity of cracks/fractures caused by the previous mining. These in return lead to a loss of gas and hence pressure and consequent rock breaking problems such as the formation of "islands" at the working face.
  • the breaking method comprises the following steps:
  • a plurality of elongated holes (2) are drilled a predetermined depth into the rock face (1). These holes (2) are generally parallel to each other and spaced from each other by amount which is determined according to rock type, type of cartridge to be used etc. As is well known in the art the holes are positioned by starting at one end of the rock face adjacent a gully (or any other space) positioned to enable broken rock to be accommodated prior to removal, b. Once some of the holes have been drilled they are charged with a plurality of cartridges (3) containing a suitable gas generating substance, in this instance a propellant.
  • a suitable gas generating substance in this instance a propellant.
  • cartridges including their size and propellant content as well as the number of the cartridges used is determined by taking into consideration the nature and volume of rock it is intended to break.
  • these cartridges (3) are in the form of right circular cylindrical containers made from a plastic material. They have a flat end (4) which is adapted to be nearest the end (5) of the hole (2) in use and which is closed after filling with propellant by way of a suitable end closure (not shown).
  • the other end (6) is wedge or chisel shaped to promote stemming material compaction.
  • the first of the cartridges is inserted into the hole (2) so that its end (4) substantially abuts the bottom (5) of the hole.
  • An amount of particulate stemming material (7) is then inserted into the hole and tamped into place whereafter a second cartridge (3) is inserted into the hole.
  • a further amount of particulate stemming material (7) is then placed into the hole and tamped prior to the insertion of a third and final cartridge (3).
  • the propellant of the three cartridges reacts simultaneously generating gas at a sufficient pressure to break the surrounding rock in accordance with the penetrating cone fracture configuration. Because of the configuration of the cartridges (3) in the hole (2) the entire volume of rock from the rock face (1) to a predetermined depth is broken into the adjacent space provided by the gully or otherwise. In this way it is ensured that an "island" of rock is not left unbroken adjacent the face (1) as sometimes happens within known methods.
  • the invention thus provides a method of breaking a hard material such as rock in an effective manner.
  • Other embodiments are envisaged within the scope of the invention including its application with other types of cartridges and other types of gas generating substances such as explosives and other substances provide gas volume on chemical reaction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de fragmentation de matériaux durs tels que de la roche consistant à: forer des trous (2) à sa surface (1); introduire dans chaque trou (2) au moins deux cartouches (3) génératrices de gaz séparées par un matériau de bourrage, par exemple particulaire; bourrer les cartouches dans le trou; et actionner le système.
PCT/IB2002/001569 2001-05-09 2002-05-09 Fragmentation de materiaux durs WO2002090872A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA01/3739 2001-05-09
ZA200103739 2001-05-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002090872A1 true WO2002090872A1 (fr) 2002-11-14

Family

ID=25589155

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2002/001569 WO2002090872A1 (fr) 2001-05-09 2002-05-09 Fragmentation de materiaux durs

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2002090872A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108273631A (zh) * 2018-02-12 2018-07-13 中国地质大学（北京） 一种使用泡沫溶液作为电介质的等离子碎岩方法及系统
CN108798669A (zh) * 2018-05-04 2018-11-13 中国矿业大学 深孔松动水力卸压一体化爆破方法及装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1767181A (en) * 1926-10-22 1930-06-24 Lisse Leopold Blasting method and tamping cartridge with utilization of liquefied gases
BE1005955A3 (fr) * 1992-06-05 1994-04-05 Carrieres Et Fours A Chaux De Procede de chargement d'un puits de tir de mines.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1767181A (en) * 1926-10-22 1930-06-24 Lisse Leopold Blasting method and tamping cartridge with utilization of liquefied gases
BE1005955A3 (fr) * 1992-06-05 1994-04-05 Carrieres Et Fours A Chaux De Procede de chargement d'un puits de tir de mines.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108273631A (zh) * 2018-02-12 2018-07-13 中国地质大学（北京） 一种使用泡沫溶液作为电介质的等离子碎岩方法及系统
CN108798669A (zh) * 2018-05-04 2018-11-13 中国矿业大学 深孔松动水力卸压一体化爆破方法及装置

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