WO2014003131A1 - 切削工具 - Google Patents
切削工具 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014003131A1 WO2014003131A1 PCT/JP2013/067687 JP2013067687W WO2014003131A1 WO 2014003131 A1 WO2014003131 A1 WO 2014003131A1 JP 2013067687 W JP2013067687 W JP 2013067687W WO 2014003131 A1 WO2014003131 A1 WO 2014003131A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coating layer
- flank
- cutting
- rake face
- composition
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0664—Carbonitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
- C23C14/325—Electric arc evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/042—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
- C23C28/42—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by the composition of the alternating layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23B2228/10—Coatings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/24—Cutters, for shaping with chip breaker, guide or deflector
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cutting tool having a coating layer formed on the surface of a substrate.
- sintered alloys such as cemented carbide and cermet, high-hardness sintered bodies of diamond and cBN (cubic boron nitride), and ceramics such as alumina and silicon nitride are used as bases for cutting tools. And the cutting tool which formed the coating layer into the surface of these base
- a coating layer made of a nitride containing Ti or Al as a main component has been actively studied, and improvement has been continued.
- these cutting tools have been devised in addition to the coating materials.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose a cutting tool in which a surface of a substrate is coated with a coating such as TiAlN by an ion plating method, and an absolute value of a negative bias applied during film formation is determined at the initial stage of film formation. Further, a coating film is described in which the ratio of Ti is increased by the cutting edge rather than the flat portion by increasing the thickness later in the film formation.
- the present invention is for solving the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool provided with a coating layer capable of optimizing the composition of the coating layer on the cutting edge and the flank and exhibiting better cutting performance. There is to do.
- Cr a M 1-a (C 1-x N x ) (where M is Ti, Al, Si, W, Mo, Ta, Hf, Nb, Zr and Y At least one selected from the group consisting of 0.01 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.4 and 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), and has a cutting edge at the intersecting ridge line between the rake face and the flank face
- the Cr content in the coating layer in the cutting blade is higher than the Cr content in the coating layer on the flank.
- the Cr-containing coating layer covering the surface of the substrate has a configuration in which the cutting blade has a higher Cr content ratio in the coating layer than the flank.
- FIG. 1 An example of the cutting tool of this invention is shown, (a) is a schematic perspective view, (b) is XX sectional drawing of (a). It is a principal part enlarged view about an example of the coating layer of the cutting tool of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the calculation method of a curvature angle.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a schematic perspective view, and (b) is an XX cross-sectional view of (a), which is a preferred embodiment example of the cutting tool of the present invention.
- a cutting tool 1 has a rake face 3 on a main surface, a flank face 4 on a side face, and a cutting edge 5 on a cross ridge line between the rake face 3 and the flank face 4.
- a coating layer 6 is provided.
- the main surface opposite to the rake surface 3 is a seating surface 8.
- the coating layer 6 is Cr a M 1-a (C 1-x N x ) (where M is at least one selected from Ti, Al, Si, W, Mo, Ta, Hf, Nb, Zr and Y, 0.01 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.4, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1).
- the cutting blade 5 has a higher Cr content in the coating layer 6 than the Cr content in the coating layer 6 on the flank 4.
- the Cr content ratio in the coating layer 6 gradually increases from the flank 4 toward the cutting edge 5.
- the specific composition of the coating layer 6 on the rake face 3, the flank face 4 and the cutting edge 5 is Cr a M 1-a (C 1-x N x ) (where M is Ti, Al, Si, At least one selected from W, Mo, Ta, Hf, Nb, Zr and Y, 0.01 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.4, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1).
- M is Ti, Al, Si, At least one selected from W, Mo, Ta, Hf, Nb, Zr and Y, 0.01 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.4, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1).
- a (metallic Cr composition ratio) when a (metallic Cr composition ratio) is smaller than 0.01, the oxidation resistance and lubricity of the coating layer 6 are lowered.
- a (metallic Cr composition ratio) is larger than 0.4, the wear resistance of the coating layer 6 is lowered.
- a particularly desirable range for a is 0.04 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.15.
- M is at least one selected from Ti, Al, Si, W, Mo, Ta, Hf, Nb, Zr, and Y, but when containing at least one of Ti, Al, Si, Nb, Mo, and W Hardness can be increased and wear resistance is excellent. Among these, when M contains Ti, Al, Nb or Mo, the oxidation resistance at high temperature is excellent. Therefore, for example, the progress of crater wear in high-speed cutting can be suppressed.
- the coating layer 6 has a high oxidation start temperature and high oxidation resistance, and can reduce internal stress, and has high fracture resistance.
- the coating layer 6 has high hardness and high adhesion to the substrate 2. Therefore, the coating layer 6 is excellent in wear resistance and fracture resistance even under severe cutting conditions such as processing difficult-to-cut materials, dry cutting, and high-speed cutting.
- b (Ti composition ratio) when b (Ti composition ratio) is 0.2 or more, the crystal structure of the coating layer 6 is changed from cubic to hexagonal and the hardness is not lowered, and the wear resistance is high.
- b (Ti composition ratio) When b (Ti composition ratio) is 0.8 or less, the coating layer 6 has high oxidation resistance and heat resistance.
- a particularly desirable range of b is 0.4 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5.
- c (Al composition ratio) is 0.6 or less, the crystal structure of the coating layer 6 becomes cubic, and the hardness does not decrease without changing from cubic to hexagonal.
- a particularly desirable range for c is 0.45 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.52.
- d Nb composition ratio
- e W composition ratio
- the coating layer 6 may contain at least one selected from Si, Mo, Ta, Hf, Zr and Y at a content ratio in the coating layer 6 of less than 5 atomic%. Good.
- C and N which are non-metallic components of the coating layer 6 are excellent in hardness and toughness required for the cutting tool.
- x (N composition ratio) is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1. Within this range, both the wear resistance and fracture resistance of the coating layer 6 are high. Among them, it is desirable that 0.9 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.
- the composition of the coating layer 6 can be measured by an electron beam microanalyzer (EPMA) or an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
- the cutting blade 5 has a higher Cr content in the coating layer 6 than the Cr content in the coating layer 6 on the rake face 3.
- the Cr content ratio in the coating layer 6 gradually increases from the rake face 3 toward the cutting edge 5. This suppresses welding of the work material on the cutting edge 5 of the coating layer 6 and improves toughness. As a result, chipping of the cutting blade 5 can be suppressed.
- the rake face 3 has a high hardness, and the progress of crater wear on the rake face 3 can be suppressed.
- the coating layer 6 includes a first coating layer 6a containing Cr and a second coating layer 6b not containing Cr. And a multilayer structure in which two layers are alternately laminated. As a result, it is possible to suppress cracks from progressing in the coating layer 6 and to increase the hardness of the entire coating layer 6 and improve the wear resistance.
- the composition of the coating layer 6 is represented by the whole composition.
- the analysis region of the composition analysis is measured by an electron beam microanalyzer (EPMA) or the like in the range of the entire thickness of the coating layer 6 including each layer.
- EPMA electron beam microanalyzer
- a sample to be deposited is rotated on a side surface of the inner wall of the chamber of the deposition apparatus, with targets having different compositions arranged at regular intervals. However, it can be produced by forming a film.
- the Cr content ratio in the composition of the coating layer 6 on the rake face 3 is higher than the Cr content ratio in the composition of the coating layer 6 on the flank face 4.
- the range of the cutting edge 5 when specifying the composition and thickness of the coating layer 6 is defined as a region having a width of 500 ⁇ m from the intersecting ridge line of the rake face 3 and the flank face 4. Therefore, the range of the rake face 3 is a region extending from the center of the rake face 3 such as the main surface of the cutting tool 1 to the position of 500 ⁇ m from the intersecting ridge line that is the terminal end of the cutting edge 5, and the range of the flank face 4 is This is a region extending from the center of the flank 4 such as the side surface of the cutting tool 1 to the position of 500 ⁇ m from the intersecting ridge line that is the end of the cutting edge 5.
- composition of the coating layer 6 on the rake face 5, in the above-mentioned composition formula Cr a Ti b Al c Nb d W e (C 1-x N x), 0.01 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.3,0.23 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.78, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.6, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.25, 0 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.25, a + b + c + d + e 1, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1).
- the ratio (tc / tf) between the thickness tf of the flank 4 of the coating layer 6 and the thickness tc of the coating layer 6 of the cutting edge 5 is 1.10 to 3.00.
- the thickness tf of the flank 4 of the coating layer 6 is thicker than the thickness tr of the rake face 3. Thereby, the wear resistance of the flank 4 is improved, and the tool life can be extended.
- the ratio (tf / tr) between the thickness tf of the coating layer 6 on the flank 4 and the thickness tr of the coating layer 6 on the rake surface 3 is 1.50 to 3.00.
- the thickness tf of the covering layer 6 on the flank 4 is measured by measuring the thickness of the covering layer 6 at the center position of the flank 4.
- the thickness tr of the coating layer 6 on the rake face 3 is the center position of the rake face 3 (however, when the screw mounting hole 9 is provided in the center of the rake face 3 as shown in FIG.
- the thickness of the covering layer 6 at the position before the mounting hole 9) is measured.
- the thickness tc of the covering layer 6 at the cutting edge 5 is an imaginary extension of the intersection P of the virtual extension line between the rake face 3 including the covering layer 6 and the flank 4 and the rake face 3 and the flank 4 not including the covering layer 6.
- the thickness of the covering layer 6 on a straight line passing through the line intersection Q is measured.
- a plurality of granular substances called droplets 7 exist on the surface and inside of the coating layer 6 as shown in FIG.
- the average composition of the plurality of droplets 7 present on the rake face 3 is higher in the Cr content ratio than the average composition of the droplets 7 present on the flank face 4.
- the chips are solid on the rake face due to the presence of the droplets 7, that is, the chips are in a large area without contacting the rake face.
- the surface of 6 does not become so hot.
- the rake face 3 has a higher Cr content in the droplets 7 than the flank face 4
- the droplets 7 present on the rake face 3 have a high lubricity and the cutting fluid is applied to the coating layer 6.
- the flank 4 sheds and disappears early, and the finished surface state during processing is improved.
- the Cr content ratio Cr DR of the droplet 7 formed on the rake face 3 of the coating layer 6 is 1.05 relative to the Cr content ratio Cr DF of the droplet 7 formed on the flank face 4.
- ⁇ Cr DR / Cr DF ⁇ 1.60.
- the number of the droplets 7 present is 15 to 50, preferably 18 to 30 droplets 7 having a diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m or more in a 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 10 ⁇ m square on the rake face 3.
- the number of droplets 7 on the rake face 3 is larger than the number of droplets 7 present on the flank face 4. As a result, it is possible to relieve the rake face 3 from becoming hot due to the passage of chips, and to smooth the flank 4 and improve the finished surface quality.
- the presence ratio of the droplets 7 is 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 10 ⁇ m square, the surface of the coating layer 6 is observed, and the droplets 7 having a diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m or more present in the observation region are specified and counted. And let the average value of the number of the droplets 7 in three places of arbitrary observation area
- regions be the droplet 7 presence ratio.
- the composition of the droplets 7 the composition of each droplet 7 is measured by EPMA, and the composition of any 10 droplets 7 having a diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m or more observed in one visual field of 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 10 ⁇ m square. Is the composition of the droplet 7.
- the Al content ratio Al DR of the droplet 7 formed on the rake face 3 of the coating layer 6 is 1.00 relative to the Al content ratio Al DF of the droplet 7 formed on the flank face 4.
- a particularly desirable range of the ratio Al DR / Al DF is 1.00 ⁇ Al DR / Al DF ⁇ 1.02.
- the Ti content ratio Ti DR of the droplet 7 formed on the rake face 3 of the coating layer 6 is 0.91 relative to the Ti content ratio Ti DF of the droplet 7 formed on the flank face 4.
- ⁇ Ti DR / Ti DF ⁇ 0.97 As a result, both chipping resistance on the rake face 3 and the flank face 4 can be optimized.
- a particularly desirable range of the ratio Ti DR / Ti DF is 0.94 ⁇ Ti DR / Ti DF ⁇ 0.97.
- the shape of the cutting tool 1 in FIG. 1 is a simple plate shape in which the main surface is approximately square and the angle with the side surface is 90 °, that is, the clearance angle is 0 ° (for example, ISO 13399 standard CNMA, CNMG).
- a clearance angle an angle for creating a space between the clearance surface 4 and the work material when cutting, that is, a plane perpendicular to the grounding surface of the seating surface 8 that is grounded to the holder
- the angle formed by the flank 4 may be a positive shape (for example, an SNKN shape of ISO 13399 standard).
- the rake face is not a flat face, but may have a shape in which an end portion of the rake face 3 protrudes or a shape provided with a breaker.
- the warp angle ⁇ is 20 to 50 °, the difference in composition of the coating layer 6 to be formed becomes significant due to the difference in straightness of each element when the coating layer 6 is formed. Therefore, it is easy to control the Cr content ratio in the coating layer 6 in the flank 4 and the cutting edge 5 within a predetermined range.
- the warp angle ⁇ in the present invention is a cross-section passing through the cutting edge 5 of the cutting tool 1 and the center of the rake face 3, and between the cutting edge 5 (point A) and the rake face 3.
- It is defined as an angle formed by a straight line L 1 connecting the lowest position (point B) and a straight line L 2 parallel to the ground contact surface that is grounded to the holder of the seating surface 8.
- the cut is made among the lowest positions.
- the position at which the blade is closest to the blade is set as a point B, and the warp angle ⁇ is obtained.
- the warp angle ⁇ is 40 to 50 °
- the Cr content ratio in the coating layer 6 in the flank 4 and the cutting edge 5 is further easily controlled, and the welding resistance of the cutting tool 1 is improved.
- the chipping resistance and wear resistance can be further increased.
- a cemented carbide or a cermet hard alloy comprising a hard phase mainly composed of tungsten carbide or titanium carbonitride and a binder phase mainly composed of an iron group metal such as cobalt or nickel can be suitably used.
- ultra-high pressure sintering in which a hard phase composed of silicon nitride or aluminum oxide as a main component, a hard phase composed of polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride, and a binder phase such as ceramic or iron group metal is fired under ultra-high pressure.
- a hard material such as a body is preferably used.
- a tool-shaped substrate is produced using a conventionally known method.
- a coating layer is formed on the surface of the substrate.
- a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method such as an ion plating method or a sputtering method can be suitably applied as the coating layer forming method. Details of an example of the film forming method will be described.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- M metal chromium
- M predetermined metal M
- the cutting tool of the said embodiment can be produced by controlling the strength of the magnetic force of this magnet. That is, the magnetic force of the center magnet attached to the target containing Cr is increased, and the magnetic force of the center magnet of the target not containing Cr is reduced. Thereby, the diffusion state of the metal ions generated from each target is changed, and the distribution state of the metal ions existing in the chamber is changed. Note that the diffusion state of each metal ion, that is, the straightness of the metal ion jumping out of the target differs depending on the metal species. As a result, the ratio of each metal in the coating layer formed on the surface of the substrate and the presence state of the droplets can be changed.
- the metal source is evaporated and ionized by arc discharge or glow discharge, and at the same time, nitrogen (N 2 ) gas as a nitrogen source or methane (CH 4 ) / acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) gas as a carbon source
- N 2 nitrogen
- CH 4 methane
- C 2 H 2 acetylene
- a coating layer and a droplet are formed by an ion plating method or a sputtering method in which the reaction is performed.
- the base is set so that the flank face is substantially parallel to the side face of the chamber and the scoop face is substantially parallel to the upper face of the chamber.
- a film is formed by applying a magnetic force of 2 to 8 T to the center magnet.
- the magnetic force applied to the center magnet attached to the target containing Cr is set higher than the magnetic force applied to the center magnet attached to the target not containing Cr.
- a bias voltage of 35 to 200 V is applied in this embodiment in order to produce a coating layer having a high hardness and to improve adhesion to the substrate.
- tungsten carbide (WC) powder having an average particle diameter of 0.8 ⁇ m, 10% by mass of metallic cobalt (Co) powder having an average particle diameter of 1.2 ⁇ m, and vanadium carbide (VC) powder having an average particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m.
- Chromium carbide (Cr 3 C 2 ) powder of 0.1% by mass and average particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m was added and mixed at a rate of 0.3% by mass, and Kyocera cutting tool BDMT11T308TR-JT shape (warpage) was formed by press molding. It was formed into a throw-away tip shape with a standing angle of 16 ° and a clearance angle of 18 °.
- This molded body was set in a firing furnace, subjected to binder removal treatment, and fired at 1450 ° C. for 1 hour in a vacuum of 0.01 Pa to produce a cemented carbide. Further, the rake face surface of each sample was polished by blasting, brushing or the like. Further, the prepared cemented carbide was subjected to blade edge processing (honing) by brushing.
- the center magnet shown in Table 1 was set on the first target not containing Cr and the second target containing Cr on the substrate thus prepared. Then, a bias voltage shown in Table 1 was applied, an arc current shown in Table 1 was applied, and a coating layer having a composition shown in Tables 2 to 3 was formed at a film formation temperature of 540 ° C.
- the composition of the coating layer was measured by the following method.
- the rake face, the cutting edge and the flank of the coating layer at any three positions in the coating layer were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the rake face was observed with EPMA.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- EPMA EPMA
- the composition of the coating layer on the cutting edge and flank was analyzed.
- the average composition of each 3 places about a rake face, a flank, and a cutting edge was described as a composition of the coating layer in each position.
- the coating layer had a multilayer structure in which layers having a low Cr content and layers having a high Cr content were alternately stacked at intervals of 20 to 100 nm.
- the number of droplets having a diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m or more in an arbitrary region of 10 ⁇ m ⁇ 10 ⁇ m on the rake face and the flank face was measured by SEM observation, and the average number at five measurement points was calculated.
- the composition of 10 droplets observed in one field of view was measured by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) (EDAX manufactured by Ametech), and the average value of these was measured for the rake face and flank face drop of the coating layer. Calculated as the average composition.
- the average content (atomic%) of Cr, Al, Ti for the droplets formed on the rake face is Cr DR , Al DR , Ti DR , respectively, and the droplets formed on the flank are Cr, Al, Ti
- the average content (atomic%) was expressed as Cr DF , Al DF , and Ti DF , respectively. Furthermore, SEM observation was performed about the cross section containing the coating layer of each sample, and the thickness of the coating layer in each position of a cutting edge, a rake face, and a flank was measured.
- the rake face composition and thickness tr, the cutting edge composition and thickness tc are shown in Table 2
- the flank face composition and thickness tf, the ratio tc / tf, and the ratio tf / tr are shown in Table 3.
- the composition ratio between the number and composition, the composition of the rake face droplet and the composition of the flank droplet is shown in Table 4.
- Cutting method Milling work material: Carbon steel (S45C) Cutting speed: 200 m / min Feed: 0.1 mm / rev Cutting depth: 2.0mm Cutting state: Dry evaluation method: The cutting tool after processing 500 pieces was observed to confirm the welding state on the cutting edge. Moreover, the number of processes that could be processed before the process became impossible was confirmed, and the wear form on the flank at that time was confirmed.
- sample No. within the scope of the present invention.
- the work material was less welded, the wear resistance was excellent, and a smooth machined surface could be processed, and good cutting performance was exhibited.
- the throw-away tip shape of the throw-away tip of No. 1 is the same as the throw-away tip shapes of the cutting tools LOMU100408ER-SM (LOMU-SM), BDMT11T308ER-JS (BDMT-JS), SEKW120308TN (SEKW) and SEKT1203 (SEKT) manufactured by Kyocera.
- a substrate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating layer was changed, and a coating layer was formed. Evaluation of the coating layer and cutting evaluation were performed on the obtained sample in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Tables 5-8.
Abstract
Description
次に、本発明の切削工具の製造方法について説明する。
切削方法:ミリング加工
被削材 :炭素鋼(S45C)
切削速度:200m/分
送り :0.1mm/rev
切り込み:2.0mm
切削状態:乾式
評価方法:500個加工後の切削工具を観察して切刃における溶着状態を確認した。また、加工不能となるまでに加工できた加工数を確認し、そのときの逃げ面における摩耗形態を確認した。
2 基体
3 すくい面
4 逃げ面
5 切刃
6 被覆層
7 ドロップレット
8 着座面
Claims (6)
- 基体の表面に、CraM1-a(C1-xNx)(ただし、MはTi、Al、Si、W、Mo、Ta、Hf、Nb、ZrおよびYから選ばれる少なくとも1種、0.01≦a≦0.4、0≦x≦1)からなる被覆層を被覆してなるとともに、すくい面と逃げ面との交差稜線に切刃を有しており、前記逃げ面における前記被覆層中のCr含有比率よりも前記切刃における前記被覆層中のCr含有比率が高い切削工具。
- 前記すくい面における前記被覆層中のCr含有比率よりも前記切刃における前記被覆層中のCr含有比率が高い請求項1記載の切削工具。
- 前記被覆層が、Crを含む第1被覆層とCrを含まない第2被覆層との2層以上の多層からなる請求項1または2記載の切削工具。
- 前記逃げ面における前記被覆層の厚みtfと前記切刃における前記被覆層の厚みtcとの比(tc/tf)が1.10~3.00である請求項1乃至3のいずれか記載の切削工具。
- 前記逃げ面における前記被覆層中のCrの含有比率よりも前記すくい面における前記被覆層中のCrの含有比率が高い請求項1乃至4のいずれか記載の切削工具。
- 前記すくい面において、着座面に対する前記切刃の反り立ち角が20~50°である請求項1乃至5のいずれか記載の切削工具。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/410,572 US9643257B2 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Cutting tool |
KR1020147034220A KR101758691B1 (ko) | 2012-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | 절삭 공구 |
EP13808492.6A EP2868408B1 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Cutting tool |
JP2014522685A JP5956576B2 (ja) | 2012-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | 切削工具 |
CN201380030394.9A CN104349855B (zh) | 2012-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | 切削工具 |
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JP2012144360 | 2012-06-27 | ||
JP2012-144360 | 2012-06-27 |
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WO2014003131A1 true WO2014003131A1 (ja) | 2014-01-03 |
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PCT/JP2013/067687 WO2014003131A1 (ja) | 2012-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | 切削工具 |
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US (1) | US9643257B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2868408B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5956576B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101758691B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104349855B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014003131A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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US9579728B2 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2017-02-28 | Kyocera Corporation | Cutting tool |
WO2018124111A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 京セラ株式会社 | 切削インサート |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108136515B (zh) * | 2015-09-26 | 2019-08-30 | 京瓷株式会社 | 棒状体及切削工具 |
RU2639189C1 (ru) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-12-20 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный технический университет" | Способ получения многослойного покрытия для режущего инструмента |
US11167356B2 (en) | 2017-09-27 | 2021-11-09 | Kyocera Corporation | Coated tool and cutting tool including same |
US11471948B2 (en) | 2017-09-27 | 2022-10-18 | Kyocera Corporation | Coated tool and cutting tool including same |
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- 2013-06-27 KR KR1020147034220A patent/KR101758691B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-06-27 US US14/410,572 patent/US9643257B2/en active Active
- 2013-06-27 EP EP13808492.6A patent/EP2868408B1/en active Active
- 2013-06-27 WO PCT/JP2013/067687 patent/WO2014003131A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-06-27 CN CN201380030394.9A patent/CN104349855B/zh active Active
- 2013-06-27 JP JP2014522685A patent/JP5956576B2/ja active Active
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WO2018124111A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 京セラ株式会社 | 切削インサート |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2014003131A1 (ja) | 2016-06-02 |
JP5956576B2 (ja) | 2016-07-27 |
KR20150023350A (ko) | 2015-03-05 |
EP2868408B1 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
US9643257B2 (en) | 2017-05-09 |
CN104349855B (zh) | 2016-10-05 |
EP2868408A4 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
CN104349855A (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
EP2868408A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
US20150328690A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
KR101758691B1 (ko) | 2017-07-18 |
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