WO2013189333A2 - 一种光传输系统、模式耦合器和光传输方法 - Google Patents

一种光传输系统、模式耦合器和光传输方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013189333A2
WO2013189333A2 PCT/CN2013/081392 CN2013081392W WO2013189333A2 WO 2013189333 A2 WO2013189333 A2 WO 2013189333A2 CN 2013081392 W CN2013081392 W CN 2013081392W WO 2013189333 A2 WO2013189333 A2 WO 2013189333A2
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Prior art keywords
mode waveguide
module
light
downlink
uplink
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PCT/CN2013/081392
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2013189333A3 (zh
Inventor
杨波
张锡芳
何子安
付志明
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to EP13807519.7A priority Critical patent/EP2991366A4/en
Priority to US14/786,946 priority patent/US20160105240A1/en
Publication of WO2013189333A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013189333A2/zh
Publication of WO2013189333A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013189333A3/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4246—Bidirectionally operating package structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4206—Optical features

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical access technologies, and in particular, to an optical transmission system, a mode coupler, and an optical transmission method. Background technique
  • the network composed of optical fibers is gradually used from the core network, the metropolitan area network to the access network.
  • each Optical Distribution Network is connected to only one Optical Network Unit (ONU).
  • ODN Optical Distribution Network
  • ONU Optical Network Unit
  • the OLT Passive Optical Network Terminal
  • the main purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an optical transmission system and a mode.
  • the coupler and the optical transmission method can realize uplink and downlink optical multiplexing while reducing uplink optical insertion loss.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical line terminal OLT optical transmission system, where the system includes: an OLT optical transceiver module, a first single mode waveguide module, a splitting/combining module, a multimode waveguide module, and a plurality of second orders Mode waveguide module; wherein
  • the OLT optical transceiver module is configured to send downlink light to the first single mode waveguide module, and receive uplink light input by the multimode waveguide module;
  • the first single mode waveguide module is composed of a single mode waveguide, and is configured to send downlink light sent by the OLT optical transceiver module to the splitting/combining module;
  • the splitting/combining module is configured to split the downlink light sent by the first single mode waveguide module, split the multiple downlink lights, and send the multiple downlink lights to the corresponding multiple a second single-mode waveguide module; combining the multiple uplink lights sent by the plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules, combining one uplink light and transmitting the combined uplink light to the multi-mode waveguide
  • the multi-mode waveguide module is configured to transmit the uplink light sent by the splitting/combining module to the OLT optical transceiver module;
  • the second single-mode waveguide module is configured by a single-mode waveguide, configured to send one downlink optical signal sent by the splitting/combining module to a corresponding ODN; and send an uplink optical signal corresponding to the ODN transmission to the splitting/ Binding module.
  • the OLT optical transceiver module includes: a light emission processing unit and a light receiving processing unit;
  • the light emission processing unit is configured to send downlink light to the first single mode waveguide module
  • the light receiving processing unit is configured to receive uplink light input by the multimode waveguide module.
  • the OLT optical transceiver module further includes a filtering unit disposed between the optical emission processing unit and the first single mode waveguide module, configured to filter out coupling in the first single mode waveguide module. Uplight.
  • the OLT optical transceiver module further includes an optical power amplifying unit disposed between the filtering unit and the first single mode waveguide module, configured to perform power amplification on the downlink light.
  • the filtering unit is: an optical isolator, or a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) filter, or a fiber grating;
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexing
  • the optical power amplifying unit is a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) or an Erbium-doped Optical Fiber Amplifier (EDFA).
  • SOA semiconductor optical amplifier
  • EDFA Erbium-doped Optical Fiber Amplifier
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a mode coupler, the mode coupler comprising: a first single mode waveguide module, a splitting/combining module, a multimode waveguide module, and a plurality of second single mode waveguide modules;
  • the first single mode waveguide module is composed of a single mode waveguide, and is configured to send downlink light sent by the OLT optical transceiver module to the splitting/combining module;
  • the splitting/combining module is configured to split the downlink light sent by the first single mode waveguide module, split the multiple downlink lights, and send the multiple downlink lights to the corresponding multiple a second single-mode waveguide module; combining the multiple uplink lights sent by the plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules, combining one uplink light and transmitting the combined uplink light to the multi-mode waveguide
  • the multi-mode waveguide module is configured to transmit the uplink light sent by the splitting/combining module to the OLT optical transceiver module;
  • the second single-mode waveguide module is configured by a single-mode waveguide, configured to send one downlink optical signal sent by the splitting/combining module to a corresponding ODN; and send an uplink optical signal corresponding to the ODN transmission to the splitting/ Binding module.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an optical transmission method, where the method includes:
  • the method before transmitting the downlink light to the single mode waveguide, the method further comprises: filtering out the coupled upward light in the single mode waveguide.
  • the method further includes: performing power amplification on the downlink light.
  • the filtered upward light coupled in the single mode waveguide passes through the optical isolator, or
  • the WDM filter, or the fiber grating is filtered; the optical transmission system, the mode coupler and the optical transmission method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the uplink and the downlink light are coupled by a splitting/combining module, and the uplink light is received from The second single-mode waveguide module is coupled to the multi-mode waveguide module to achieve low insertion loss of the upstream light.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can reduce uplink optical insertion loss while implementing uplink and downlink optical multiplexing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a crucible structure in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLT optical transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mode coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an implementation process of an optical transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the OLT structure of the OLT optical transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the OLT structure of the OLT optical transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an OLT optical transmission system, as shown in FIG. 2, the OLT optical transmission
  • the transmission system includes: an OLT optical transceiver module 21, a first single mode waveguide module 22, a splitting/combining module 23, a multimode waveguide module 24, and a plurality of second single mode waveguide modules 25; each second single mode waveguide module 25 corresponds to an ODN; wherein
  • the OLT optical transceiver module 21 is configured to send downlink light to the first single mode waveguide module 22; and receive uplink light input by the multimode waveguide module 24;
  • the first single mode waveguide module 22 is composed of a single mode waveguide, configured to receive the downlink light sent by the OLT optical transceiver module 21, and send the downstream light to the splitting/combining module 23;
  • the splitting/combining module 23 may be composed of a multimode interference coupler, or a star coupler, and configured to receive the downlink light sent by the first single mode waveguide module 22, and split the downlink light. Splitting multiple downlink lights and transmitting the multiple downlink lights to the corresponding plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules 25; and configured to receive the plurality of uplink lights sent by the plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules 25, The multi-channel upstream light is combined to form an uplink light and the combined upstream light is sent to the multi-mode waveguide module 24;
  • the multimode waveguide module 24 is composed of a multimode waveguide, configured to receive the upstream light sent by the splitting/combining module 23, and send the upstream optical to the OLT optical transceiver module 21;
  • Each of the second single-mode waveguide modules 25 is composed of a single-mode waveguide, and is configured to receive one downlink light sent by the splitting/combining module 23, and send the downlink optical to the corresponding ODN; and is configured to receive the corresponding ODN.
  • the transmitted upstream light is sent to the splitting/combining module 23.
  • the OLT optical transceiver module 21 includes: a light emission processing unit 211 and a light receiving processing unit 212;
  • the light emission processing unit 211 is configured to send downlink light to the first single mode waveguide module 22; the light receiving processing unit 212 is configured to receive the upstream light input by the multimode waveguide module 24.
  • the OLT optical transceiver module 21 further includes: a filtering unit 213 and an optical power amplifying unit 214;
  • the filtering unit 213 is disposed in the light emission processing unit 211 and the first single mode waveguide module 22 Between the filtering, the coupled upward light coupled in the first single mode waveguide module 22 is configured;
  • the optical power amplifying unit 214 is disposed between the filtering unit 213 and the first single mode waveguide module 22, and is configured to perform power amplification on the downlink light.
  • the filtering unit 213 may be: an optical isolator, or a WDM, a filter, or a fiber grating;
  • the optical power amplifying unit 214 may adopt: SOA, or EDFA.
  • the OLT optical transceiver module in the OLT optical transmission system may be implemented by an OLT optical transceiver
  • the first single mode waveguide module may be implemented by a single mode waveguide
  • the splitting/combining module may be a multimode interference coupler, or
  • the star-shaped coupler is implemented by a splitting device
  • the multi-mode waveguide module can be implemented by a multi-mode waveguide
  • the second single-mode waveguide module can be implemented by a single-mode waveguide
  • the light-emitting processing unit in the OLT optical transceiver module can be light in the optical transceiver
  • the light receiving processing unit can be implemented by an optical receiver in the optical transceiver
  • the filtering unit can be implemented by a filter, such as an optical isolator, or a WDM filter, or a fiber grating
  • the optical power amplifying unit can be an optical power amplifier, such as SO
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a mode coupler that integrates the first single mode waveguide module 22, the splitting/combining module 23, and the multimode waveguide module 24 in the OLT optical transmission system shown in FIG. And a plurality of second single mode waveguide modules 25;
  • the mode coupler includes: a first single mode waveguide module 22, a splitting/combining module 23, a multimode waveguide module 24, and a plurality of second single mode waveguide modules 25;
  • the first single mode waveguide module 22-end is connected to the splitting/combining module 23;
  • the splitting/combining module 23-end is connected to the first single-mode waveguide module 22 and the multi-mode waveguide module 24, and the other end is connected to the plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules 25; the multi-mode waveguide module 24-terminal Connected to the splitting/combining module, and located on the same side of the splitting/combining module 23 as the first single-mode waveguide module 22;
  • the first single mode waveguide module 22 is composed of a single mode waveguide, configured to receive the downlink light sent by the OLT optical transceiver module 21, and send the downlink light to the splitting/combining module 23;
  • the splitting/combining module 23 may be composed of a multimode interference coupler, or a star coupler, and configured to receive the downlink light sent by the first single mode waveguide module 22, and split the downlink light. Splitting multiple downlink lights and transmitting the multiple downlink lights to the corresponding plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules 25; and configured to receive the plurality of uplink lights sent by the plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules 25, The multi-channel upstream light is combined to form an uplink light and the combined upstream light is sent to the multi-mode waveguide module 24;
  • Each of the second single-mode waveguide modules 25 is composed of a single-mode waveguide, and is configured to receive one downlink light sent by the splitting/combining module 23, and send the downlink optical to the corresponding ODN; and is configured to receive the corresponding The upstream light sent by the ODN is sent to the splitting/combining module 23;
  • the multimode waveguide module 24 is composed of a multimode waveguide configured to receive the upstream light transmitted by the splitting/combining module 23 and transmit the upstream light to the OLT optical transceiver module 21.
  • the downward light is derived by the first single-mode waveguide module 22, split into multiple downlink lights via the splitting/combining module 23, and then respectively composed of a plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules.
  • 25 is derived to the ODN; the multiplexed upstream light is respectively introduced by the plurality of second single-mode waveguide modules 25, and is combined into one upstream light via the splitting/combining module 23, and then introduced by the multimode waveguide module 24.
  • a splitting/combining module 23 may be shared with the downstream light, and outputted from the multimode waveguide module 24 on the same side as the first single mode waveguide module 22, thus, The second single mode waveguide module 25 is coupled to the multimode waveguide module 24 to achieve low insertion loss to the upstream signal.
  • the first single mode waveguide module can be implemented by a single mode waveguide
  • the beam splitting/combining module can be implemented by a multimode interference coupler, or a star coupler, etc.
  • the multimode waveguide module can be implemented by a multimode waveguide.
  • the second single mode waveguide module can be implemented by a single mode waveguide.
  • Step 401 Split the downlink light after passing through the single mode waveguide, split the multiple downlink lights, and send each downlink light to the ODN through the corresponding single mode waveguide.
  • Step 402 Receive multiple uplink lights sent by the multiple ODNs through the corresponding single-mode waveguides, combine the multiple uplink lights, combine one uplink light, and send the uplink light to the multi-mode waveguide.
  • steps 401 and 402 respectively represent the processing of the downlink light and the uplink light, which are implemented in parallel, and have no sequential execution order.
  • the downlink light is sent by the OLT optical transceiver module to the single mode waveguide; preferably, before the downlink light is sent to the single mode waveguide, the method further includes: filtering out the coupled upstream light in the single mode waveguide.
  • the method further comprises: performing power amplification on the downstream light.
  • the OLT optical transmission system can be applied to the PON structure shown in FIG. 5, and the PON structure adopts the OLT optical transmission system proposed by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is adopted in the central office OLT.
  • the provided OLT optical transmission system can combine the uplink lights of the four ODNs on one PON port of the OLT.
  • the actual application is not limited to the combination of the uplink opticals of only four ODNs, and may be any number. It is only necessary to change the number of the second single-mode waveguides in the OLT optical transmission system according to the number of ODNs. It is ensured that the second single-mode waveguide in the OLT optical transmission system corresponds to the ODN.
  • the OLT optical transmission system provided by the embodiment of the present invention does not need to be changed to the existing structure of the existing OLT device, and only needs to be added to the OLT optical transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention to merge multiple existing ODNs. Uplight.
  • the OLT optical transmission system described above can also be applied to a PON structure having an OEO (Optical-Electrical-Optical) device as shown in FIG. 6, and the PON structure adopts the present invention.
  • the photoelectric and electro-optical conversion are respectively performed, and the uplink signals are respectively subjected to electro-optic and photoelectric conversion, and the circuit module mainly performs functions of extracting the downlink clock signal, processing the clock signal, and controlling the uplink burst timing.
  • the downstream light of the OLT is transmitted through the trunk single-mode optical fiber to the ONU optical transceiver module of the OEO device, and after being received by the ONU optical transceiver module for photoelectric conversion, the electrical signal is subjected to electro-optical conversion through the OLT optical transmission system.
  • the output optical signals are distributed on the multi-channel single-mode fiber, and the main fiber connected to the multi-channel single-mode fiber enters the corresponding ODN, and reaches the ONU through the splitter and the branch fiber.
  • the upstream light of the ONU reaches the corresponding ODN through the respective branch fibers, and the backbone fiber connected thereto reaches the OLT optical transmission system for photoelectric conversion, and the converted electrical signal is converted by the ONU optical transceiver module to be coupled to the OLT.
  • the connected trunk single-mode fiber is transmitted to the PON port of the OLT.
  • the uplink signals of the four ODNs are combined on one OLT to implement long-distance and large-split-to-optical transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the combination of uplink signals of only four ODNs, and may be uplink signals of multiple ODNs. It is only necessary to change the number of the second single-mode waveguides in the OLT optical transmission system according to the number of ODNs, so as to ensure that the second single-mode waveguide in the OLT optical transmission system corresponds to the ODN.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种OLT光传输系统，包括：OLT光收发模块，配置为向第一单模波导模块发送下行光；接收多模波导模块输入的上行光；第一单模波导模块，配置为将收到的下行光发送至分束/合束模块；分束/合束模块，配置为对收到的下行光进行分束，分束出多路下行光发送至对应的第二单模波导模块；对收到的多路上行光进行合束，合束并发送至多模波导模块；第二单模波导模块，配置为将收到的多路下行光发送至对应的多个ODN；将收到的多路上行光发送至分束/合束模块；多模波导模块，配置为将收到的上行光发送至OLT光收发模块；本发明公开了一种模式耦合器和光传输方法，采用本发明，能够实现上下行光复用的同时，减少上行光插损。

Description

一种光传输系统、 模式耦合器和光传输方法 技术领域
本发明涉及光接入技术领域， 尤其涉及一种光传输系统、 模式耦合器 和光传输方法。 背景技术
随着光纤通信技术的快速发展、 低成本化以及绿色环保的要求， 从核 心网、 城域网到接入网， 都逐渐使用光纤组成的网络。
对于有些比较分散的小区，每个光分配网络（ ODN, Optical Distribution Network )只接几个光网络单元（ ONU, Optical Network Unit ); 对于人口比 较密集的小区， 由于每个 ODN所带的 ONU数量比较有限， 因此， 在局方 需要 4艮多光线路终端 （ OLT, Optical Line Terminal )提供与 ODN对应的无 源光网络（PON, Passive Optical Network ) 口才能满足需要， 如图 1所示。
但由于局方的机房空间有限， PON 口的数量不能太多， 因此， 如何充 分地提高 PON口的效率， 降低营运成本， 是目前运营商比较关注的。 如果 采用普通光分路器（splitter )对 PON口进行合并， 会存在上行光插损太大 的问题。 现在已有一些方法利用模式耦合器进行 PON口的合并， 但是现有 的方案中为避免下行插损太大， 模式耦合器仅用于上行合束， 下行分束仍 采用普通光分路器， 因而需要额外增加大量的 WDM器件以实现上下行复 用， 这样不仅增加了整个器件的插损， 同时也使 PLC芯片的尺寸及相应成 本大大增加， 降低了器件的集成度和内置到收发模块中的可能性。 发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明实施例的主要目的在于提供一种光传输系统、 模式 耦合器和光传输方法， 能够实现上下行光复用的同时， 减少上行光插损。 为达到上述目的， 本发明实施例的技术方案是这样实现的：
本发明实施例提供了一种光线路终端 OLT光传输系统，所述系统包括： OLT光收发模块、 第一单模波导模块、 分束 /合束模块、 多模波导模块和多 个第二单模波导模块； 其中，
所述 OLT光收发模块， 配置为向所述第一单模波导模块发送下行光； 接收所述多模波导模块输入的上行光；
所述第一单模波导模块由单模波导组成， 配置为将所述 OLT光收发模 块发送的下行光发送至所述分束 /合束模块；
所述分束 /合束模块， 配置为对所述第一单模波导模块发送的下行光进 行分束， 分束出多路下行光并将多路下行光分别发送至对应的所述多个第 二单模波导模块； 对所述多个第二单模波导模块发送的多路上行光进行合 束， 合束出一路上行光并将合束后的上行光发送至所述多模波导模块； 所述多模波导模块由多模波导组成， 配置为将所述分束 /合束模块发送 的上行光发送至所述 OLT光收发模块；
所述第二单模波导模块由单模波导组成， 配置为将所述分束 /合束模块 发送的一路下行光发送至对应的 ODN; 将对应 ODN发送的一路上行光发 送至分束 /合束模块。
上述方案中， 所述 OLT光收发模块包括： 光发射处理单元、 光接收处 理单元； 其中，
所述光发射处理单元， 配置为向所述第一单模波导模块发送下行光； 所述光接收处理单元， 配置为接收所述多模波导模块输入的上行光。 上述方案中， 所述 OLT光收发模块还包括滤波单元， 设置于所述光发 射处理单元与所述第一单模波导模块之间， 配置为滤除所述第一单模波导 模块中耦合的上行光。 上述方案中， 所述 OLT光收发模块还包括光功率放大单元， 设置于所 述滤波单元与所述第一单模波导模块之间 , 配置为对下行光进行功率放大。
上述方案中， 所述滤波单元为： 光隔离器、 或波分复用 （WDM , Wavelength Division Multiplexing )滤波器、 或光纤光栅；
所述光功率放大单元为：半导体光放大器（SOA, Semiconductor Optical Amplifier ) , 或掺铒光纤放大器 （ EDFA , Erbium-doped Optical Fiber Amplifier )。
本发明实施例还提供了一种模式耦合器， 该模式耦合器包括： 第一单 模波导模块、 分束 /合束模块、 多模波导模块和多个第二单模波导模块； 其 中，
所述第一单模波导模块由单模波导组成， 配置为将 OLT光收发模块发 送的下行光发送至所述分束 /合束模块；
所述分束 /合束模块， 配置为对所述第一单模波导模块发送的下行光进 行分束， 分束出多路下行光并将多路下行光分别发送至对应的所述多个第 二单模波导模块； 对所述多个第二单模波导模块发送的多路上行光进行合 束， 合束出一路上行光并将合束后的上行光发送至所述多模波导模块； 所述多模波导模块由多模波导组成， 配置为将所述分束 /合束模块发送 的上行光发送至所述 OLT光收发模块；
所述第二单模波导模块由单模波导组成， 配置为将所述分束 /合束模块 发送的一路下行光发送至对应的 ODN; 将对应 ODN发送的一路上行光发 送至分束 /合束模块。
本发明实施例还提供了一种光传输方法， 所述方法包括：
对经过单模波导后的下行光进行分束， 分束出多路下行光， 并将每路 下行光分别经对应的单模波导发送至 ODN;
接收多个 ODN分别经对应的单模波导发送的多路上行光，对多路上行 光进行合束， 合束出一路上行光并发送至多模波导。
上述方案中， 在将下行光发送至单模波导之前， 所述方法还包括： 滤 除单模波导中耦合的上行光。
上述方案中， 在滤除单模波导中耦合的上行光之后， 所述方法还包括： 将下行光进行功率放大。
上述方案中， 所述滤除单模波导中耦合的上行光通过光隔离器、 或
WDM滤波器、 或光纤光栅进行滤除； 本发明实施例提供的光传输系统、 模式耦合器和光传输方法， 上行光 和下行光采用一个分束 /合束模块进行耦合， 通过将上行光从多个第二单模 波导模块耦合到多模波导模块可以实现对上行光的低插损； 显然， 本发明 实施例能在实现上下行光复用的同时， 减少上行光插损。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中 ΡΟΝ结构组成示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例 OLT光传输系统结构组成示意图；
图 3为本发明实施例模式耦合器的组成结构示意图；
图 4为本发明实施例光传输方法实现流程示意图；
图 5为采用本发明实施例 OLT光传输系统的 ΡΟΝ结构组成示意图一； 图 6为采用本发明实施例 OLT光传输系统的 ΡΟΝ结构组成示意图二。 具体实施方式 为了能够更加详尽地了解本发明实施例的特点与技术内容， 下面结合 附图对本发明实施例的实现进行详细阐述， 所附附图仅供参考说明之用， 并非用来限定本发明实施例。
本发明实施例提供了一种 OLT光传输系统， 如图 2所示， 该 OLT光传 输系统包括： OLT光收发模块 21、 第一单模波导模块 22、 分束 /合束模块 23、 多模波导模块 24和多个第二单模波导模块 25; 每个第二单模波导模块 25对应一个 ODN; 其中，
所述 OLT光收发模块 21 , 配置为向第一单模波导模块 22发送下行光； 接收多模波导模块 24输入的上行光；
所述第一单模波导模块 22由单模波导组成，配置为接收 OLT光收发模 块 21发送的下行光， 并将所述下行光发送至分束 /合束模块 23;
所述分束 /合束模块 23 , 可由多模干涉耦合器， 或星型耦合器等器件组 成， 配置为接收第一单模波导模块 22发送的下行光， 对所述下行光进行分 束， 分束出多路下行光并将多路下行光分别发送至对应的多个第二单模波 导模块 25; 还配置为接收多个第二单模波导模块 25发送的多路上行光，对 所述多路上行光进行合束， 合束出一路上行光并将合束后的上行光发送至 多模波导模块 24;
所述多模波导模块 24由多模波导组成， 配置为接收分束 /合束模块 23 发送的上行光， 并将所述上行光发送至 OLT光收发模块 21;
每个第二单模波导模块 25均由单模波导组成，均配置为接收分束 /合束 模块 23发送的一路下行光， 将该路下行光发送至对应的 ODN; 还配置为 接收对应 ODN发送的一路上行光，将该路上行光发送至分束 /合束模块 23。
优选地， 所述 OLT光收发模块 21包括： 光发射处理单元 211、 光接收 处理单元 212; 其中，
所述光发射处理单元 211 ,配置为向第一单模波导模块 22发送下行光； 所述光接收处理单元 212,配置为接收多模波导模块 24输入的上行光。 优选地， 所述 OLT光收发模块 21还包括： 滤波单元 213、 光功率放大 单元 214; 其中，
所述滤波单元 213设置于光发射处理单元 211与第一单模波导模块 22 之间， 配置为滤除第一单模波导模块 22中耦合的上行光；
所述光功率放大单元 214设置于滤波单元 213与第一单模波导模块 22 之间， 配置为对下行光的进行功率放大。
上述方案中， 所述滤波单元 213可以采用： 光隔离器、 或 WDM, 滤波 器、 或光纤光栅；
上述方案中， 所述光功率放大单元 214可以采用： SOA、 或 EDFA。 在实际应用中， 所述 OLT光传输系统中的 OLT光收发模块可由 OLT 光收发器实现， 第一单模波导模块可由单模波导实现、 分束 /合束模块可由 多模干涉耦合器、 或星型耦合器等分光器件实现， 多模波导模块可由多模 波导实现， 第二单模波导模块可由单模波导实现； 其中， OLT光收发模块 中的光发射处理单元可由光收发器中的光发射器实现， 光接收处理单元可 由光收发器中的光接收器实现，滤波单元可由滤波器，如光隔离器、或 WDM 滤波器、 或光纤光栅实现， 光功率放大单元可由光功率放大器， 如 SOA、 或 EDFA实现。
本发明实施例还提供了一种模式耦合器， 该模式耦合器集成了图 2所 示 OLT光传输系统中的第一单模波导模块 22、 分束 /合束模块 23、 多模波 导模块 24和多个第二单模波导模块 25;
如图 3所示， 该模式耦合器包括： 第一单模波导模块 22、 分束 /合束模 块 23、 多模波导模块 24和多个第二单模波导模块 25; 其中，
所述第一单模波导模块 22—端与分束 /合束模块 23相连；
所述分束 /合束模块 23—端与第一单模波导模块 22及多模波导模块 24 相连， 另一端与多个第二单模波导模块 25相连； 所述多模波导模块 24— 端与分束 /合束模块相连， 且与第一单模波导模块 22位于分束 /合束模块 23 的同侧；
多个第二单模波导模块 25—端分别与分束 /合束模块 23相连。具体的， 所述第一单模波导模块 22由单模波导组成， 配置为接收 OLT光收发模块 21发送的下行光， 并将所述下行光发送至分束 /合束模块 23;
所述分束 /合束模块 23 , 可由多模干涉耦合器， 或星型耦合器等器件组 成， 配置为接收第一单模波导模块 22发送的下行光， 对所述下行光进行分 束， 分束出多路下行光并将多路下行光分别发送至对应的多个第二单模波 导模块 25; 还配置为接收多个第二单模波导模块 25发送的多路上行光，对 所述多路上行光进行合束， 合束出一路上行光并将合束后的上行光发送至 多模波导模块 24;
每个第二单模波导模块 25均由单模波导组成，均配置为接收分束 /合束 模块 23发送的一路下行光， 将该路下行光发送至对应的 ODN; 还配置为 接收对应的 ODN发送的一路上行光， 将该路上行光发送至分束 /合束模块 23;
所述多模波导模块 24由多模波导组成， 配置为接收分束 /合束模块 23 发送的上行光， 并将所述上行光发送至 OLT光收发模块 21。 基于上述组成 结构及功能， 实际应用中， 下行光由第一单模波导模块 22导出， 经由分束 /合束模块 23分束为多路下行光， 再分别由多个第二单模波导模块 25导出 至 ODN; 多路上行光由多个第二单模波导模块 25分别导入， 经由分束 /合 束模块 23合束为一路上行光， 再由多模波导模块 24导入。
上述方案中， 当光上行传输时， 可以与下行光共用一个分束 /合束模块 23 , 从与第一单模波导模块 22同侧的多模波导模块 24输出， 如此， 利用 从多个第二单模波导模块 25耦合到多模波导模块 24,来实现对上行信号的 低插损。
在实际应用中， 第一单模波导模块可由单模波导实现、 分束 /合束模块 可由多模干涉耦合器、 或星型耦合器等分光器件实现， 多模波导模块可由 多模波导实现， 第二单模波导模块可由单模波导实现。 本发明实施例对图 2所示的 OLT光传输系统提出了一种光传输方法， 如图 4所示， 该方法包括以下步驟：
步驟 401: 对经过单模波导后的下行光进行分束， 分束出多路下行光， 并将每路下行光分别经对应的单模波导发送至 ODN。
步驟 402: 接收多个 ODN分别经对应的单模波导发送的多路上行光， 对多路上行光进行合束， 合束出一路上行光并发送至多模波导。
在实际应用中， 步驟 401、 402分别代表对下行光和上行光的处理， 是 并行实现的， 没有先后执行顺序。
上述步驟中， 所述下行光由 OLT光收发模块发送至单模波导； 优选地， 在将下行光发送至单模波导之前， 该方法还包括： 滤除单模 波导中耦合的上行光。
优选地， 在滤除单模波导中耦合的上行光之后， 将下行光发送至单模 波导之前， 该方法还包括： 将下行光进行功率放大。
上述 OLT光传输系统可以应用于图 5所示的一种 PON结构， 该 PON 结构采用了本发明实施例提出的 OLT光传输系统， 如图 5所示， 在局端的 OLT中采用本发明实施例提供的 OLT光传输系统， 可以将四个 ODN的上 行光合并在一个 OLT的 PON 口上。 当然， 实际应用中并不限于只有四个 ODN的上行光的合并， 可以是任意多个， 只需要依据 ODN的个数对 OLT 光传输系统中的第二单模波导的个数进行相应改变， 保证 OLT光传输系统 中的第二单模波导与 ODN——对应即可。
采用本发明实施例提供的 OLT光传输系统，不需要对现有 OLT设备的 已有结构做任何改变， 只需要加入本发明实施例所述的 OLT光传输系统就 可以合并多个现有 ODN的上行光。
上述 OLT光传输系统还可以应用于图 6所示的一种具有光电光（ OEO, Optical-Electrical-Optical )装置的 PON结构， 该 PON结构采用了本发明实 施例提出的 OLT光传输系统， 如图 6所示， 所述 OEO装置包括 ONU光收 发模块、 电路模块和 OLT光传输系统； 其中， ONU光收发模块和 OLT光 传输系统配置为对下行的信号分别进行光电和电光转换， 对上行的信号分 别进行电光和光电转换， 电路模块主要完成对下行时钟信号的提取和时钟 信号的处理、 上行突发时序的控制等功能。
所述 OEO装置在具体应用时， OLT的下行光通过主干单模光纤传输到 达 OEO装置的 ONU光收发模块，经 ONU光收发模块接收进行光电转换后， 电信号经过 OLT光传输系统进行电光转换， 输出的光信号均勾地分布在多 路单模光纤上， 通过与多路单模光纤连接的主干光纤进入相应的 ODN, 经 分光器及分支光纤到达每个 ONU上。
而 ONU的上行光通过各自的分支光纤到达相应的 ODN上， 经与之相 连的主干光纤到达 OLT光传输系统进行光电转换，转换后的电信号经 ONU 光收发模块进行电光转换， 耦合到与 OLT相连的主干单模光纤中， 并传输 到 OLT的 PON口。
本实施例将四个 ODN的上行信号合并在一个 OLT上， 实现长距和大 分光比传输， 当然本发明实施例不限于只有四个 ODN的上行信号的合并， 可以是多个 ODN的上行信号，只需要依据 ODN的个数对 OLT光传输系统 中第二单模波导的个数进行相应改变 , 保证 OLT光传输系统中的第二单模 波导与 ODN——对应即可。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种光线路终端 OLT光传输系统， 所述系统包括： OLT光收发模 块、 第一单模波导模块、 分束 /合束模块、 多模波导模块和多个第二单模波 导模块； 其中，
所述 OLT光收发模块， 配置为向所述第一单模波导模块发送下行光； 接收所述多模波导模块输入的上行光；
所述第一单模波导模块由单模波导组成， 配置为将所述 OLT光收发模 块发送的下行光发送至所述分束 /合束模块；
所述分束 /合束模块， 配置为对所述第一单模波导模块发送的下行光进 行分束， 分束出多路下行光并将多路下行光分别发送至对应的所述多个第 二单模波导模块； 对所述多个第二单模波导模块发送的多路上行光进行合 束， 合束出一路上行光并将合束后的上行光发送至所述多模波导模块； 所述多模波导模块由多模波导组成， 配置为将分束 /合束模块发送的上 行光发送至所述 OLT光收发模块；
所述第二单模波导模块由单模波导组成， 配置为将所述分束 /合束模块 发送的一路下行光发送至对应的光分配网络 ODN; 将对应 ODN发送的一 路上行光发送至所述分束 /合束模块。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的 OLT光传输系统， 其中， 所述 OLT光收发 模块包括： 光发射处理单元、 光接收处理单元； 其中，
所述光发射处理单元， 配置为向所述第一单模波导模块发送下行光； 所述光接收处理单元， 配置为接收所述多模波导模块输入的上行光。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的 OLT光传输系统， 其中， 所述 OLT光收发 模块还包括滤波单元， 设置于所述光发射处理单元与所述第一单模波导模 块之间， 配置为滤除第一单模波导模块中耦合的上行光。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的 OLT光传输系统， 其中， 所述 OLT光收发 模块还包括光功率放大单元， 设置于所述滤波单元与所述第一单模波导模 块之间， 配置为对下行光进行功率放大。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的 OLT光传输系统， 其中， 所述滤波单元为： 光隔离器、 或波分复用 WDM滤波器、 或光纤光栅；
所述光功率放大单元为： 半导体光放大器 SOA、 或掺铒光纤放大器 EDFA。
6、 一种模式耦合器， 所述模式耦合器包括： 第一单模波导模块、 分束 /合束模块、 多模波导模块和多个第二单模波导模块； 其中，
所述第一单模波导模块由单模波导组成， 配置为将 OLT光收发模块发 送的下行光发送至所述分束 /合束模块；
所述分束 /合束模块， 配置为对所述第一单模波导模块发送的下行光进 行分束， 分束出多路下行光并将多路下行光分别发送至对应的所述多个第 二单模波导模块； 对所述多个第二单模波导模块发送的多路上行光进行合 束， 合束出一路上行光并将合束后的上行光发送至所述多模波导模块； 所述多模波导模块由多模波导组成， 配置为将分束 /合束模块发送的上 行光发送至所述 OLT光收发模块；
所述第二单模波导模块由单模波导组成， 配置为将所述分束 /合束模块 发送的一路下行光发送至对应的 ODN; 将对应 ODN发送的一路上行光发 送至所述分束 /合束模块。
7、 一种光传输方法， 所述方法包括：
对经过单模波导后的下行光进行分束， 分束出多路下行光， 并将每路 下行光分别经对应的单模波导发送至 ODN;
接收多个 ODN分别经对应的单模波导发送的多路上行光，对多路上行 光进行合束， 合束出一路上行光并发送至多模波导。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的光传输方法， 其中， 在将下行光发送至单模 波导之前， 所述方法还包括： 滤除单模波导中耦合的上行光。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的光传输方法， 其中， 在滤除单模波导中耦合 的上行光之后， 所述方法还包括： 将下行光进行功率放大。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的光传输方法， 其中，
所述滤除单模波导中耦合的上行光通过光隔离器、 或 WDM滤波器、 或光纤光栅进行滤除；
PCT/CN2013/081392 2013-04-26 2013-08-13 一种光传输系统、模式耦合器和光传输方法 WO2013189333A2 (zh)

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CN104125517A (zh) 2014-10-29
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