WO2019140999A1 - 波分复用光传输设备、系统及实现方法 - Google Patents

波分复用光传输设备、系统及实现方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019140999A1
WO2019140999A1 PCT/CN2018/116269 CN2018116269W WO2019140999A1 WO 2019140999 A1 WO2019140999 A1 WO 2019140999A1 CN 2018116269 W CN2018116269 W CN 2018116269W WO 2019140999 A1 WO2019140999 A1 WO 2019140999A1
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Prior art keywords
wavelength division
module
polarized light
multiplexing
optical transmission
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PCT/CN2018/116269
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卜胜磊
叶凯
张州
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019140999A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019140999A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0278—WDM optical network architectures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/06—Polarisation multiplex systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, but is not limited to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device, system, and implementation method.
  • the commonly used means for reducing the number of optical fibers used is wavelength division multiplexing, that is, the near-end transmitter uses lasers of different wavelengths, and the optical carrier carrying different information is synthesized by a wavelength division multiplexer, and transmitted to the remote through one optical fiber.
  • the remote end uses the demultiplexing multiplexer to separate optical signals of different wavelengths in the optical fiber, and is received by each corresponding receiving end.
  • the remote method uses the same method to transmit signals to the near end.
  • the fiber optic network using wavelength division multiplexing technology satisfies the requirement of reducing the number of optical fibers to a certain extent.
  • the main feature is that the transmitting end and the receiving end simultaneously transmit multiple signals through a pair of optical fibers.
  • this method there are still some problems with this method: in the case of a pair of optical fibers used in the system, there is a shortage of single-fiber bidirectional communication, and the two optical fibers cannot meet the requirements of reducing the number of optical fibers in some fields.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device, a system, and an implementation method thereof.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device, including: a transmission multiplexing module and a receiving demultiplexing module, and a optical splitting module respectively connected to the transmitting multiplexing module and the receiving demultiplexing module ,among them:
  • the transmit multiplexing module is configured to perform wavelength division multiplexing and polarization conversion on multiple incident light beams of different wavelengths, and output a wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light to the light splitting module;
  • the light splitting module is configured to output the first directionally polarized light of the wavelength division multiplexed to the opposite end through the optical fiber line, and receive the second direction of the wavelength division multiplexing from the opposite end through the same optical fiber line Polarizing the light and outputting the wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light to the receiving demultiplexing module;
  • the receiving demultiplexing module is configured to demultiplex the received second wavelength polarized light of the wavelength division multiplexing, and output multiple outgoing light of different wavelengths;
  • first direction is different from the second direction.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system, including: a first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device and a second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device, where the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device And the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device is connected by one optical fiber line;
  • the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device is configured to perform wavelength division multiplexing and polarization conversion on multiple first incident lights of different wavelengths, and output a wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light to the second a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device; and receiving, by the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device, a wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light output through the optical fiber line, performing demultiplexing, and outputting different paths The first outgoing light of the wavelength;
  • the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device is configured to receive a wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light output by the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device, perform demultiplexing, and output multiple different wavelengths. a second outgoing light; and wavelength-multiplexing and polarization-converting the second incident light of different wavelengths to output a wavelength-multiplexed second-direction polarized light to the first wavelength-multiplexed optical transmission device;
  • first direction is different from the second direction.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a method for implementing wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission, including:
  • first direction is different from the second direction.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the polarization multiplexing technology to enable the optical signals in the two directions to adopt different polarization states, thereby realizing the separation of the single-fiber bidirectional transmission optical signals, and reducing the number of optical fibers by two. To 1 root.
  • the number of optical fibers in the network can be minimized, and the requirement for high-speed single-fiber bidirectional transmission (for example, 100 Gbps or higher) optical signals can be realized, and even the carrier of higher-bandwidth single-fiber bidirectional transmission can be realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a composition of a transmit multiplexing module according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving and demultiplexing module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart (transmitting direction) of a method for implementing wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart (receiving direction) of a method for implementing wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the refinement of the wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a near-end wavelength division multiplexer group and a near-end polarization/analyzer group according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of connection between a near-end optical splitter and a remote optical splitter according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of connection between a remote wavelength division multiplexer group and a remote polarization/analyzer group according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are schematic diagrams showing wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission implemented by a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Wavelength division multiplexing is used. If the system uses one fiber, the optical signal can only use different wavelengths in both directions, which wastes half of the wavelength resources and reduces the bandwidth of the single fiber bearer network.
  • wavelength division multiplexing alone is not sufficient to achieve the maximum fiber savings, nor can it meet the single-fiber bi-directional transmission of high-bandwidth (eg, 100Gbps or higher) signals in individual areas.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing plus circulator scheme theoretically realizes the function of single-fiber bidirectional transmission of 100 Gbps optical signals, that is, the near-end transmitter uses lasers of different wavelengths, and uses a wavelength division multiplexer to synthesize optical carriers carrying different information. All the way, through the circulator into the fiber, to the far end; the multiplexed light signal returned by the far end is separated from the near-end transmitted signal via the circulator, enters the near-end demultiplexing multiplexer for splitting, and finally reaches the receiving end.
  • a single-fiber bidirectional transmission of a high-rate (for example, 100 Gbps or higher) optical signal can be realized on the basis of wavelength division multiplexing.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device of the embodiment of the present application includes a transmit multiplexing module 11 and a receive demultiplexing module 12, and demultiplexing with the transmit multiplexing module 11 and the receiving, respectively.
  • the splitting module 13 connected to the module 12, wherein:
  • the transmission multiplexing module 11 is configured to perform wavelength division multiplexing and polarization conversion of multiple incident light of different wavelengths, and output a wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light to the optical splitting module 13;
  • the beam splitting module 13 is configured to output the first direction-polarized light of the wavelength division multiplexed to the opposite end through the optical fiber line, and receive the second direction of the wavelength division multiplexing from the opposite end through the same optical fiber line. Polarized light, and output to the receiving demultiplexing module 12;
  • the receiving and demultiplexing module 12 is configured to demultiplex the received wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light, and output multiple channels of different wavelengths of outgoing light;
  • first direction is different from the second direction.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the polarization multiplexing technology to enable the optical signals in the two directions to adopt different polarization states, thereby realizing the separation of the single-fiber bidirectional transmission optical signals, and reducing the number of optical fibers by two. To 1 root.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing may be CWDM (Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing) or DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing).
  • the opposite end is also a wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission device, and the output thereof is a wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light, and the input is a wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light.
  • the first direction polarized light refers to polarized light polarized in the first direction
  • the polarized light in the second direction refers to polarized light polarized in the second direction
  • the different the first direction and the second direction may include: the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other or are at a predetermined angle.
  • the polarized light may be linearly polarized light.
  • the first direction and the second direction may be set to be perpendicular to each other.
  • the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the first direction and the second direction may not be perpendicular to each other, and the first direction may be different from the second direction.
  • the beam splitting module 13 may be an optical splitter or an optical coupler, or may be other splitting devices.
  • the splitting module 13 receives a wavelength-multiplexed second direction polarized light from the opposite end, and divides the first wavelength-division-multiplexed second-direction polarized light into two beams, and respectively sends them to receive demultiplexing.
  • the transmitting multiplexing module 11 does not need the second direction polarized light returned by the beam splitting module 13 to isolate the second direction polarized light input by the beam splitting module, and by isolating the first phase from the opposite end
  • the polarized light in the two directions avoids the interference of the polarized light in the second direction on the incident light.
  • the beam splitting module 13 is a Y-type optical splitter, and the Y-type optical splitter refers to an input end, and two output optical splitters, because the optical paths are reciprocal, It is considered to be two inputs and one output.
  • the splitting power ratio of the Y-type optical splitter is 1:H, and the H is greater than or equal to 1, wherein an end of the splitting power ratio of the Y-type optical splitter is 1 and the transmitting multiplexing is connected.
  • the module, the end of the splitting power ratio of the Y-type optical splitter corresponding to H is connected to the receiving demultiplexing module.
  • the transmit multiplexing module 11 includes a connected wavelength division multiplexer 111 and a polarizer 112, wherein:
  • the wavelength division multiplexer 111 is configured to wavelength-multiplex multiplexed incident light of different wavelengths to output wavelength-multiplexed incident light to the polarizer 112;
  • the polarizer 112 is configured to perform polarization conversion on the one wavelength division multiplexed incident light, output a wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light to the beam splitting module 13; and receive the received second direction polarization Light is isolated.
  • the polarization conversion may refer to converting unpolarized light into polarized light, or may refer to converting polarized light in one direction into polarized light in another direction.
  • the positions of the wavelength division multiplexer 111 and the polarizer 112 can be interchanged, and the polarizer is used for polarization conversion of multiple incident light of different wavelengths, and outputting multiple first-direction polarizations. Lighting to the wavelength division multiplexer; and isolating the received plurality of second-direction polarized lights of different wavelengths;
  • the wavelength division multiplexer is configured to perform wavelength division multiplexing of the plurality of first direction polarized lights to output a first direction polarized light to the optical splitting module; and receive the first wavelength division multiplexing The polarized light of the two directions is demultiplexed, and the second direction polarized light of different wavelengths is outputted to the polarizer.
  • the wavelength division multiplexer 111 may be an OMU (Optical Multiplex Unit).
  • the receiving demultiplexing module comprises a demultiplexing multiplexer, wherein:
  • the demultiplexing multiplexer is configured to demultiplex the one-way wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light and output a plurality of outgoing light of different wavelengths.
  • the receiving demultiplexing module 12 includes a solution.
  • the demultiplexing multiplexer 121 is configured to demultiplex the second direction polarized light of the one wavelength division multiplexing, and output multiple outgoing light of different wavelengths; the analyzer 122 is used to make only the second The directional polarized light passes through and shields the polarized light in the first direction.
  • the demultiplexing multiplexer 121 may employ an ODU (Optical De-Multiplex Unit, that is, a demultiplexer).
  • ODU Optical De-Multiplex Unit
  • the polarizer 112 and the analyzer 122 may be a polarizing plate, a Nicol prism or the like.
  • the polarizer 112 and the analyzer 122 may be combined into a composite polarizing plate group by using one or more polarizing plates in different directions to realize two-way transmission on one optical fiber line.
  • Optical signals of different polarization directions may be implemented in other manners.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device further includes: a first conversion module 14 and a second conversion module 15, wherein:
  • the first conversion module 14 is connected to the transmit multiplexing module 11 and configured to convert multiple input electrical signals into the multiple incident light of different wavelengths;
  • the second conversion module 15 is connected to the receiving and demultiplexing module 12, and is configured to convert the plurality of different wavelengths of outgoing light into multiple output electrical signals.
  • the first conversion module 14 may also be referred to as an optical transmitter or an abbreviated transmitter, and may be implemented by an OTU (Optical Transform Unit), in which an electrical signal can be converted into an optical signal by a laser.
  • the second conversion module 15 may also be referred to as an optical receiver or simply a receiver, and may be implemented by an OTU, in which a photodiode may be used to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal.
  • the method for implementing the wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission in the embodiment of the present application is applied to a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device, and the transmission direction, as shown in FIG. 5, includes:
  • Step 501 Perform wavelength division multiplexing and polarization conversion on multiple incident light beams of different wavelengths to obtain a first direction polarized light of one wavelength division multiplexing;
  • Step 502 Output the wavelength-multiplexed first direction polarized light to the opposite end through the optical fiber line.
  • Step 601 Receive, by the same optical fiber line, a wavelength-multiplexed second direction polarized light from the opposite end;
  • Step 602 Demultiplexing the one-way wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light, and outputting multiple outgoing light of different wavelengths.
  • first direction is different from the second direction.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the polarization multiplexing technology to enable the optical signals in the two directions to adopt different polarization states, thereby realizing the separation of the single-fiber bidirectional transmission optical signals, and reducing the number of optical fibers by two. To 1 root.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing and polarization conversion of the incident light of different wavelengths to obtain the first direction polarized light of one wavelength division multiplexing including:
  • Multi-channel incident light of different wavelengths is wavelength-multiplexed to obtain one wavelength division multiplexed incident light; polarization-converting the one-wavelength-multiplexed incident light to obtain one-way wavelength division multiplexed first-direction polarized light ;or
  • the plurality of different wavelengths of incident light are polarization-converted to obtain a plurality of first-direction polarized lights; and the plurality of first-direction polarized lights are wavelength-multiplexed to obtain one-way wavelength-multiplexed first-direction polarized light.
  • the wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system of the embodiment of the present application includes two wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission devices that mutually transmit optical signals. As shown in FIG. 7, the wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system includes: first wavelength division multiplexing optical The transmission device 71 and the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72, the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 71 and the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72 are connected by one optical fiber line 73;
  • the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 71 is configured to perform wavelength division multiplexing and polarization conversion on multiple first incident lights of different wavelengths, and output one wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light to the second a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72; and receiving, by the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72, a wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light output by the optical fiber line 73, performing demultiplexing and outputting Multiple first rays of different wavelengths;
  • the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72 is configured to receive one wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light output by the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 71, perform demultiplexing, and output different paths. a second outgoing light of a wavelength; and wavelength-multiplexing and polarization-converting the second incident light of the plurality of different wavelengths, and outputting a wavelength-multiplexed second-direction polarized light to the first wavelength-multiplexed light Transmission device 71;
  • first direction is different from the second direction.
  • the embodiment of the present invention uses the polarization multiplexing technology to enable the optical signals in the two directions to adopt different polarization states, thereby realizing the separation of the single-fiber bidirectional transmission optical signals, and reducing the number of optical fibers by two. To 1 root.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 71 and the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72 are connected by one optical fiber line 73, which means that one optical fiber can transmit optical signals bidirectionally, and the optical fiber line 73 Including but not limited to a long optical fiber, for example, the optical fiber line 73 may also be connected to each other by using a plurality of optical fibers to realize a form of one optical fiber, and in order to increase the distance of optical signal propagation, the optical fiber line 73 may also be disposed. In addition, in order to increase the output optical power, the optical fiber line 73 may be provided with an optical amplifying device such as an OA (optical amplifier), and an OADM may be provided for the optical signal to go up and down.
  • OA optical amplifier
  • the structures of the first wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission device and the second wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission device described above are as described above.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 71 includes: a first transmit multiplexing module and a first receive demultiplexing module, and the first transmit multiplexing module and the first a first splitting module connected to the receiving demultiplexing module, wherein:
  • the first transmit multiplexing module is configured to perform wavelength division multiplexing and polarization conversion on the first incident light of different wavelengths, and output a wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light to the first splitting module;
  • the first beam splitting module is configured to output the first wavelength multiplexed first direction polarized light to the second wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission device through the optical fiber line, and receive the same by using the same optical fiber line
  • the second wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission device outputs a wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light, and outputs the same to the first receiving demultiplexing module;
  • the first receiving and demultiplexing module is configured to demultiplex the received wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light, and output a plurality of first outgoing lights of different wavelengths;
  • the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72 includes: a second transmit multiplexing module and a second receive demultiplexing module, and the second transmit multiplexing module and the second receive demultiplexing module, respectively Connected second beam splitting module, wherein:
  • the second transmit multiplexing module is configured to perform wavelength division multiplexing and polarization conversion on the second incident light of different wavelengths, and output a wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light to the second splitting module;
  • the second beam splitting module is configured to output the one-way wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light to the first wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission device through the optical fiber line, and receive the same by using the same optical fiber line
  • the first wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light output by the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device is output to the second receiving demultiplexing module;
  • the second receiving and demultiplexing module is configured to demultiplex the received first wavelength-multiplexed first direction polarized light and output a plurality of second outgoing lights of different wavelengths.
  • the first beam splitting module is further configured to divide the received wavelength division multiplexed second direction polarized light into two beams, and output the beam to the first receiving demultiplexing module.
  • the second beam is output to the first transmit multiplexing module;
  • the first transmit multiplexing module is further configured to isolate the second direction polarized light input by the first splitter module;
  • the second beam splitting module is further configured to divide the received first wavelength division multiplexed first direction polarized light into two beams, one beam is output to the second receiving demultiplexing module, and the other beam is output to the
  • the second transmit multiplexing module is further configured to isolate the first direction polarized light input by the second splitter module.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 71 is a near end
  • the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72 is a remote end.
  • the first direction is simply referred to as an X direction
  • the second direction is simply referred to as a Y direction
  • the splitting is performed.
  • the module is an optical splitter
  • the transmit multiplexing module includes a multiplexer (MUX) and a polarizer
  • the receive demultiplexing module includes a De-multiplexer (DMUX) and an analyzer.
  • MUX multiplexer
  • DMUX De-multiplexer
  • Each of the modules included in the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 71 and the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72 may be connected by a short optical fiber, which is usually about 0.5 meters or shorter or longer. This application is not limited.
  • the first wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 71 and the second wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device 72 are connected by a long optical fiber, and the long optical fiber is usually 10 km or more, and may be shorter or longer. limited.
  • a wavelength division multiplexer (MUX) and a demultiplexing multiplexer (DMUX) can form a wavelength division multiplexer group, and the polarizer and the analyzer can form a polarizer and an analyzer group.
  • the near-end wavelength division multiplexer group is connected with the near-end polarizer analyzer group to realize the merging process of the near-side transmitting end and the light-biasing process of the light, or to realize the detection process of the near-side receiving end light and the minute
  • the wave process; the near-end polarizer analyzer group is connected to the near-end optical splitter to realize the polarization input and the separation of the return light; the near-end optical splitter and the far-end optical splitter pass the long optical fiber.
  • the remote optical splitter is connected to the remote polarizer and the analyzer set; the remote polarizer and analyzer set are connected to the remote wavelength division multiplexer group.
  • the near-end wavelength division multiplexer group combines optical signals of different wavelengths at the near end and separates the back-transmitted optical signals of different wavelengths that are combined together.
  • transmitting a 100G signal requires four different wavelength channels in the near-end wavelength division multiplexer group (a higher bandwidth requirement scheme, the number of channels in the wavelength division multiplexer group is not limited, and the number of channels N, N is a natural number greater than 1.)
  • the polarizer realizes the polarization operation of the combined optical signal, and polarizes the optical signals of different wavelengths into linearly polarized light of the X-direction polarization (the X direction here can be It is an arbitrary direction, which is different from the latter Y direction; preferably, the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other); the detection direction of the near-end analyzer is the Y direction, and the far-end multiplexed optical signal (Y-direction polarization) is realized.
  • the straight-through at the same time, can also filter the reflected X-polarized light to minimize the interference caused by the reflection of the fiber link.
  • the near-end optical splitter/distal optical splitter cooperates with the near-end analyzer/distal analyzer to separate the optical signals in both directions.
  • the optical splitter here can also be replaced with other splitters, such as optical couplers.
  • the splitting ratio of the near-end optical splitter is 1:H (H is determined according to the demand, generally H ⁇ 1, and the larger the H is, the better the link budget is).
  • the combined optical signals of the far-end back are all Y-direction polarization.
  • the linearly polarized light is split into two by a near-end optical splitter, and the Y-directed polarized light having a ratio of H leads to the near-end analyzer, and since the analyzer is Y-polarized, it passes directly
  • the Y-polarized light with a ratio of 1 leads to the near-polarizer, which is directly isolated because the polarizer is X-polarized.
  • the far-end optical splitter achieves the same function as the near-end optical splitter: the combined optical signals transmitted from the near end are linearly polarized light polarized in the X direction, and the X-ray polarized light passes through the remote optical splitter. Divided into two, X-direction polarized light with a ratio of H to the remote analyzer, because the analyzer is X-polarized, passes directly; X-polarized light with a ratio of 1 leads to the remote polarizer, Since the polarizer is Y-polarized, it is directly isolated.
  • the functions of the remote polarizer and the analyzer group are basically the same as those of the near-end polarizer and the analyzer group. It should be noted that the polarization direction of the remote polarizer is the Y direction, and the remote analyzer is remote. The direction of the deviation is the X direction.
  • the far-end wavelength division multiplexer group functions the same as the near-end wavelength division multiplexer group.
  • the separation of the combined optical signals transmitted from the near end is realized, and at the same time, the optical signals of different wavelengths that are transmitted back to the near end are combined.
  • the channel parameters are the same as the near end.
  • the near-end transmission gives N optical signals of different wavelengths, respectively carrying different data signals.
  • the wavelength interval may be 20 nm of CWDM (Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing), or DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) may be selected, and is not particularly limited herein.
  • the light source may have no polarization state, and may also select circular polarization or elliptically polarized light. If linearly polarized light is selected, the polarized light whose polarization direction is consistent with the polarization direction of the emission direction (ie, the first direction) is selected.
  • the optical power of the light source is slightly higher than that of the previous laser, which is mainly due to the influence of the subsequent optical splitter splitting.
  • each optical signal After each optical signal enters the MUX of the wavelength division multiplexer group, it will converge into one optical wave, which is transmitted from the short optical fiber to the near-end X-direction polarizer, and finally outputs an X-directional polarized light containing N different wavelengths.
  • the polarization of the far-end transmit link back to the near-end X-direction polarizer is Y-polarized and is directly isolated.
  • the selection direction of the near-end analyzer is the Y direction, and the combined optical signal given by the far-end transmitting link is Y-polarized, so it passes directly through the near-end Y-direction analyzer. Since there may be many fiber terminations in the remote link, there may be some X-polarized reflected light. These X-polarized reflected light will enter the near-end Y-direction analyzer, but due to the detection direction Y and the deflection direction. X is different and is directly isolated. After the near-end Y-direction analyzer, the returned multiplexed optical signal enters the near-end demultiplexing multiplexer DMUX, and is split into optical signals of different wavelengths into the corresponding receiving end.
  • the near-end optical splitter/distal optical splitter cooperates with the near-end analyzer/distal analyzer to separate the optical signals in the two directions of transmission and reception, and simultaneously complete the injection of the near-end emitted optical signals.
  • the connection diagram is shown in Figure 10.
  • the near-end optical splitter and the far-end optical splitter both use a Y-type splitter (but are not limited thereto), and the respective splitting power ratios are not necessarily the same.
  • the splitting power ratio of the near-end optical splitter is set to 1:H (H ⁇ 1), and the splitter splitter power ratio of the far-end splitter is set to H:1, which ensures that the receiving side of the near and far ends obtains a larger power ratio.
  • Optical signal reducing the loss of optical power.
  • the X-polarized multiplexed optical signal from the near end is directly entered into the long optical fiber via the near-end optical splitter and enters the remote analyzer at a large score H at the remote splitter.
  • the Y-polarized multiplexed optical signal transmitted back at the far end enters the near-end analyzer with the same score H.
  • H the higher the H value, the better.
  • the far-end wavelength division multiplexer group has the same function as the near-end wavelength division multiplexer group, and the remote polarizer and the analyzer group are similar to the near-end polarizer and the analyzer group.
  • the connection diagram is shown in Figure 11. Unlike the near end, the far-end analyzer is X-polarized and the far-end polarizer is Y-polarized.
  • a method for implementing wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission from a near end to a far end includes:
  • Step 1201 The near-end transmitter emits a plurality of different wavelength optical signals to obtain multiple incident light of different wavelengths;
  • Step 1202 Combine multiple incident light of different wavelengths into one path through the near-end wavelength division multiplexer MUX;
  • Step 1203 the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal (ie, the combined optical signal) is converted into X-polarized light when passing through the near-end polarizer;
  • Step 1204 the wavelength division multiplexed X-directed polarized light passes through the optical splitter to enter the front-length optical fiber;
  • Step 1205 the wavelength division multiplexed X-polarized light enters the far-end optical splitter, and the light beam of the ratio H enters the remote analyzer;
  • Step 1206 the remote analyzer determines whether it is X-polarized light, and if so, step 1208 is performed, and if not, step 1207 is performed;
  • Step 1207 isolating non-X-polarized light
  • Step 1208 the X-directed polarized light passes directly through the remote analyzer
  • step 1209 the wavelength division multiplexed X-directed polarized light is separated by the remote demultiplexing multiplexer DMUX and passed to the corresponding remote receiver.
  • the implementation method of the wavelength division multiplexed optical transmission includes:
  • Step 1301 The remote transmitter emits a plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths to obtain multiple incident light of different wavelengths;
  • Step 1302 Combine multiple incident light of different wavelengths into one path through the remote wavelength division multiplexer MUX;
  • Step 1303 the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal (ie, the combined optical signal) is converted into Y-polarized light when passing through the remote polarizer;
  • Step 1304 the wavelength division multiplexed Y-polarized light enters the front-length optical fiber through the optical splitter;
  • Step 1305 the wavelength division multiplexed Y-polarized light enters the near-end optical splitter, and the light beam of the ratio H enters the near-end analyzer;
  • Step 1306 the near-end analyzer determines whether it is Y-polarized light, and if so, step 1308 is performed, and if not, step 1307 is performed;
  • Step 1307 isolating non-Y polarized light
  • step 1309 the wavelength division multiplexed Y-directed polarized light is separated by the near-end demultiplexing multiplexer DMUX and passed to the corresponding near-end receiver.
  • FIG. 14 which is a modified structural diagram of the embodiment of FIG. 8, wherein the position of the wavelength division multiplexer and the polarizer/analyzer are interchanged, and the near-end transmitter emits a plurality of optical signals of different wavelengths through the near end.
  • the polarizer When the polarizer is converted into X-polarized light, it is combined into a single path by the near-end wavelength division multiplexer MUX, and the rear multiplexed signal enters the long optical fiber through the optical splitter and transmits to the remote optical splitter, and the ratio is
  • the beam of H enters the far-end demultiplexing multiplexer DMUX to separate, and finally the beam of each wavelength enters the far-end X analyzer, the Y-direction polarization is directly isolated, and the X-direction polarized light passes directly and is transmitted to each remote receiver.
  • the situation of the far end transmitter is similar to that described above.
  • FIG. 15 it is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application, and a single-fiber bidirectional transmission 100 Gbps bandwidth is realized by wavelength division multiplexing (the bandwidth can be higher as the number of channels increases) The scene of the signal.
  • the BBU Building Baseband Unit
  • the RRU Remote Radio Unit
  • each channel uses different wavelengths.
  • four wavelengths of CWDM (but not limited to this) are adopted, that is, a bidirectional transmission of 100G bandwidth in a single long optical fiber can be realized, and the use amount of the optical fiber is reduced to the utmost extent.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission device of the embodiment of the present application is used as an optical module, a wavelength division multiplexer group, The polarizer and the analyzer group and the optical splitter are integrated inside the optical module, and the basic connection structure is the same as that of the above embodiment.
  • the wavelength of the N-channel Laser is different.
  • the PD Photo-Diode
  • the PD Photo-Diode
  • the docking work can be realized by only one optical fiber, and the workflow is the same as that of FIG. 12 and FIG.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种波分复用光传输设备、系统及实现方法，其中，波分复用光传输设备，包括：发射复用模块、接收解复用模块和分光模块，所述发射复用模块，配置为将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至所述分光模块；所述分光模块，配置为将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光通过光纤线路输出至对端，以及，通过同一光纤线路接收来自所述对端的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，并将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光输出至所述接收解复用模块；所述接收解复用模块用于将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光。

Description

波分复用光传输设备、系统及实现方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201810052254.6、申请日为2018年01月19日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域但不限于通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种波分复用光传输设备、系统及实现方法。
背景技术
随着时代的发展，信息和数据传输对网络带宽的要求越来越高，无线通讯、多媒体、有线传输、数据采集、监控安防等各行各业趋向于使用光纤进行信号传输，为了提升网络带宽，光纤数量不断增加。然而这些长光纤的铺设、维护、管理需要耗费大量的人力和物力，所以降低光纤的使用数量能够有效的降低数据传输的成本。
常用减少光纤的使用数量的手段为波分复用，即近端的发射器采用不同波长的激光器，利用波分复用器将携带不同信息的光载波合成一路，经由一根光纤传输至远端，远端利用解波分复用器将该光纤中的不同波长的光信号分离，由各个相应的接收端接收。远端向近端发射信号采用相同的方法。
采用波分复用技术的光纤网络一定程度上满足了降低光纤数量的需求，其主要特征在于：发射端与接收端通过一对/一根光纤同时传送多路信号。但这种方法仍然存在一些问题：就系统使用一对光纤而言，存在无法实现单纤双向通讯的不足，而二根光纤无法满足部分领域减少光纤数量的 要求。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种波分复用光传输设备、系统及实现方法。
本申请实施例提供了一种波分复用光传输设备，包括：发射复用模块和接收解复用模块，以及分别与所述发射复用模块和所述接收解复用模块相连的分光模块，其中：
所述发射复用模块，配置为将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至所述分光模块；
所述分光模块，配置为将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光通过光纤线路输出至对端，以及，通过同一光纤线路接收来自所述对端的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，并将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光输出至所述接收解复用模块；
所述接收解复用模块，配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光；
其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
本申请实施例还提供了一种波分复用光传输系统，包括：第一波分复用光传输设备和第二波分复用光传输设备，所述第一波分复用光传输设备和第二波分复用光传输设备通过一路光纤线路相连；
所述第一波分复用光传输设备，配置为将多路不同波长的第一入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至所述第二波分复用光传输设备；以及，接收所述第二波分复用光传输设备通过所述光纤线路输出的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第一出射光；
所述第二波分复用光传输设备，配置为接收所述第一波分复用光传输设备输出的一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第二出射光；以及，将多路不同波长的第二入射光进行波分复用和 偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光至所述第一波分复用光传输设备；
其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
本申请实施例还提供了一种波分复用光传输的实现方法，包括：
将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光所述通过光纤线路输出至对端；以及
通过同一光纤线路接收来自所述对端的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光；
其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
本申请实施例在波分复用技术的基础上，通过偏振复用技术使收发两个方向的光信号采用不同的偏振态，实现单纤双向传输光信号的分离，将光纤数量由2根降低至1根。通过本申请实施例，可以最大限度的降低网络的光纤数量，以及可以实现单纤双向传输高速率(例如，100Gbps甚至更高)光信号的需求，甚至实现更高带宽单纤双向传输的承载。
本申请的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本申请技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本申请的技术方案，并不构成对本申请技术方案的限制。
图1是本申请实施例的波分复用光传输设备的组成示意图；
图2是本申请实施例的发射复用模块的组成示意图；
图3是本申请实施例的接收解复用模块的组成示意图；
图4是本申请另一实施例的波分复用光传输设备的组成示意图；
图5是本申请实施例的波分复用光传输的实现方法的流程图(发射方向)；
图6是本申请实施例的波分复用光传输的实现方法的流程图(接收方向)；
图7是本申请实施例的波分复用光传输系统的组成示意图；
图8是图7波分复用光传输系统的细化组成示意图；
图9是本申请实施例的近端波分复用器组和近端起偏/检偏器组连接示意图；
图10是本申请实施例的近端光分路器和远端光分路器的连接示意图；
图11是本申请实施例的远端波分复用器组和远端起偏/检偏器组连接示意图；
图12和图13是本申请实施例的波分复用光传输系统实现波分复用光传输的示意图；
图14是本申请另一实施例的波分复用光传输系统的组成示意图；
图15是本申请实施例的波分复用光传输系统一应用场景示意图；
图16是本申请实施例的波分复用光传输系统另一应用场景示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，下文中将结合附图对本申请的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
采用波分复用技术，如果系统使用一根光纤，则光信号收发两个方向只能使用不同的波长，浪费了一半的波长资源，同时也降低了单纤承载网 络的带宽。
单独使用波分复用技术，不足以实现光纤节省最大化的需求，也无法满足个别领域单纤双向传输高带宽(例如100Gbps甚至更高)信号的功能。波分复用加环形器的方案从理论上实现了单纤双向传输100Gbps光信号的功能，即近端的发射器采用不同波长的激光器，利用波分复用器将携带不同信息的光载波合成一路，经由环形器进入光纤，传到远端；远端传回的合波光信号经由环形器与近端发射信号分离，进入近端的解波分复用器进行分波，最后抵达接收端。但是由于方案中的长光纤往往经历多次端接，近端/远端发射的光信号会产生反射，这些反射光信号会经过环形器直接进入各自的接收端，造成较大干扰，导致无法应用于实际组网中。
本申请实施例通过波分复用和偏振复用组合的方式，可以在波分复用的基础上实现单纤双向传输高速率(例如，100Gbps甚至更高)光信号。
如图1所示，本申请实施例的波分复用光传输设备，包括发射复用模块11和接收解复用模块12，以及分别与所述发射复用模块11和所述接收解复用模块12相连的分光模块13，其中：
所述发射复用模块11配置为将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至分光模块13；
所述分光模块13配置为将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光通过光纤线路输出至对端，以及，通过同一光纤线路接收来自所述对端的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，并输出至所述接收解复用模块12；
所述接收解复用模块12配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光；
其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
本申请实施例在波分复用技术的基础上，通过偏振复用技术使收发两个方向的光信号采用不同的偏振态，实现单纤双向传输光信号的分离，将光纤数量由2根降低至1根。
其中，所述波分复用可以是CWDM(Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing，稀疏波分复用)，也可以是DWDM(Dense Wavelength Division  Multiplexing，密集波分复用)。
其中，所述对端同样为波分复用光传输设备，其输出的是一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，输入的是一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光。
其中，第一方向偏振光是指第一方向偏振的偏振光，第二方向偏振光是指第二方向偏振的偏振光。
所述第一方向和第二方向不同可包括：第一方向和第二方向相互垂直或者成预设角度。
所述偏振光可以是线偏振光。
为了避免第一方向偏振光和第二方向偏振光相互干扰，可设置所述第一方向与第二方向相互垂直。但本申请不限于此，在其他实施例中，所述第一方向与第二方向也可以不相互垂直，所述第一方向与第二方向不同即可。
所述分光模块13可以是光分路器或光耦合器，也可以是其它分光器件。
其中，所述分光模块13接收来自所述对端的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光分成两束，分别发送至接收解复用模块12和发射复用模块11。
所述发射复用模块11不需要所述分光模块13返回的第二方向偏振光，则将所述分光模块输入的所述第二方向偏振光进行隔离，而且，通过隔离来自所述对端的第二方向偏振光，避免了第二方向偏振光对入射光的干扰。
在一些实施方式中，所述分光模块13为Y型光分路器，所述Y型光分路器是指一个输入端，两个输出端的光分路器，由于光路互逆，所以也可以认为是两个输入端，一个输出端。所述Y型光分路器的分光功率比为1：H，所述H大于等于1，其中，所述Y型光分路器的分光功率比中对应为1的一端连接所述发射复用模块，所述Y型光分路器的分光功率比中对应为H的一端连接所述接收解复用模块。
如图2所示，在一实施方式中，所述发射复用模块11包括相连的波分复用器111和起偏器112，其中：
所述波分复用器111配置为将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用输 出一路波分复用的入射光至所述起偏器112；
所述起偏器112配置为将所述一路波分复用的入射光进行偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至分光模块13；以及，将接收到的第二方向偏振光进行隔离。
其中，所述偏振转换可以是指将非偏振光转换为偏振光，也可以是指将一方向的偏振光转换为另一方向的偏振光。
在另一些实施方式中，可以将波分复用器111和起偏器112的位置互换，所述起偏器用于将多路不同波长的入射光进行偏振转换，输出多路第一方向偏振光至所述波分复用器；以及，将接收到的多路不同波长的第二方向偏振光进行隔离；
所述波分复用器配置为将多路第一方向偏振光进行波分复用输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至分光模块；以及，将接收到一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第二方向偏振光至所述起偏器。
所述波分复用器111可以采用OMU(Optical Multiplex Unit，光复用单元，即合波器)。
在一实施方式中，所述接收解复用模块包括解波分复用器，其中：
所述解波分复用器配置为将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光。
由于接收解复用模块可能会接收到反射回来的第一方向偏振光，为了隔离该第一方向偏振光，如图3所示，在一些实施方式中，所述接收解复用模块12包括解波分复用器121和检偏器122，其中，所述分光模块13、检偏器122和解波分复用器121依次相连，或者，所述分光模块13、解波分复用器121和检偏器122依次相连；
所述解波分复用器121配置为所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光；所述检偏器122用于仅使第二方向偏振光通过，屏蔽第一方向偏振光。
所述解波分复用器121可以采用ODU(Optical De-Multiplex Unit，光 解复用单元，即分波器)。
上述起偏器112和检偏器122可采用偏振片、尼科耳棱镜等。
在所述第一方向与第二方向不相互垂直的方案中，起偏器112、检偏器122可采用一个以上不同方向的偏振片组合成复合偏振片组，实现在一路光纤线路上传输双向不同偏振方向的光信号。但本申请不限于此，还可以采用其他方式实现第一方向与第二方向不相互垂直的方案。
如图4所示，在一实施方式中，所述波分复用光传输设备还包括：第一转换模块14和第二转换模块15，其中：
所述第一转换模块14与所述发射复用模块11相连，配置为将多路输入电信号转换为所述多路不同波长的入射光；
所述第二转换模块15与所述接收解复用模块12相连，配置为将所述多路不同波长的出射光转换为多路输出电信号。
其中，所述第一转换模块14也可称为光发射器或简称发射器，可以采用OTU(Optical Transform Unit，光转换单元)实现，其中，可以通过激光器将电信号转换为光信号。所述第二转换模块15也可称为光接收器或简称接收器，可以采用OTU实现，其中，可以采用光电二极管将光信号转换为电信号。
本申请实施例的波分复用光传输的实现方法，应用于波分复用光传输设备，针对发射方向，如图5所示，包括：
步骤501，将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光；
步骤502，将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光所述通过光纤线路输出至对端。
针对接收方向，如图6所示，包括：
步骤601，通过同一光纤线路接收来自所述对端的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光；
步骤602，将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光。
其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
本申请实施例在波分复用技术的基础上，通过偏振复用技术使收发两个方向的光信号采用不同的偏振态，实现单纤双向传输光信号的分离，将光纤数量由2根降低至1根。
根据波分复用器和起偏器的位置不同，所述将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，包括：
将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用，得到一路波分复用的入射光；将所述一路波分复用的入射光进行偏振转换得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光；或者
将多路不同波长的入射光进行偏振转换，得到多路第一方向偏振光；将所述多路第一方向偏振光进行波分复用得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光。
本申请实施例的波分复用光传输系统包括两个相互传输光信号的波分复用光传输设备，如图7所示，波分复用光传输系统包括：第一波分复用光传输设备71和第二波分复用光传输设备72，所述第一波分复用光传输设备71和第二波分复用光传输设备72通过一路光纤线路73相连；
所述第一波分复用光传输设备71配置为将多路不同波长的第一入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至所述第二波分复用光传输设备72；以及，接收所述第二波分复用光传输设备72通过所述光纤线路73输出的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第一出射光；
所述第二波分复用光传输设备72配置为接收所述第一波分复用光传输设备71输出的一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第二出射光；以及，将多路不同波长的第二入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光至所述第一波分复用光传输设备71；
其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
本申请实施例在波分复用技术的基础上，通过偏振复用技术使收发两个方向的光信号采用不同的偏振态，实现单纤双向传输光信号的分离，将光纤数量由2根降低至1根。
需要说明的是，所述第一波分复用光传输设备71和第二波分复用光传输设备72通过一路光纤线路73相连，指的是一路光纤可以双向传输光信号，该光纤线路73包括但不限于一根长光纤，例如，所述光纤线路73也可以采用多根光纤相互连接，实现一路光纤的形式，以及，为了增加光信号传播的距离，所述光纤线路73中还可以设置有中继设备，另外，为了提高输出光功率，所述光纤线路73中还可以设置有光放大装置例如OA(optical amplifier，光放大器)，以及，为了光信号上下路，还可以设置有OADM(Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer，光分插复用器)等光器件，本申请不做限定，在一路光纤线路上实现双向传输光信号即可。
上述第一波分复用光传输设备和第二波分复用光传输设备的结构如前所述。
在一实施方式中，所述第一波分复用光传输设备71包括：第一发射复用模块和第一接收解复用模块，以及分别与所述第一发射复用模块和所述第一接收解复用模块相连的第一分光模块，其中：
所述第一发射复用模块配置为将多路不同波长的第一入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至第一分光模块；
所述第一分光模块配置为将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光通过所述光纤线路输出至所述第二波分复用光传输设备，以及，通过同一光纤线路接收所述第二波分复用光传输设备输出的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，并输出至所述第一接收解复用模块；
所述第一接收解复用模块配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第一出射光；
所述第二波分复用光传输设备72包括：第二发射复用模块和第二接收解复用模块，以及分别与所述第二发射复用模块和所述第二接收解复用模块相连的第二分光模块，其中：
所述第二发射复用模块配置为将多路不同波长的第二入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光至第二分光模块；
所述第二分光模块用于将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光通过所述光纤线路输出至所述第一波分复用光传输设备，以及，通过同一光纤线路接收所述第一波分复用光传输设备输出的一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，并输出至所述第二接收解复用模块；
所述第二接收解复用模块配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第二出射光。
在一实施方式中，所述第一分光模块还配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光分成两束，一束输出至所述第一接收解复用模块，另一束输出至所述第一发射复用模块；所述第一发射复用模块还用于将所述第一分光模块输入的所述第二方向偏振光进行隔离；
所述第二分光模块还配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光分成两束，一束输出至所述第二接收解复用模块，另一束输出至所述第二发射复用模块；所述第二发射复用模块还用于将所述第二分光模块输入的所述第一方向偏振光进行隔离。
参照图8，以第一波分复用光传输设备71为近端，第二波分复用光传输设备72为远端，第一方向简称为X向，第二方向简称为Y向，分光模块为光分路器，发射复用模块包括波分复用器(Multiplexer，MUX)和起偏器，接收解复用模块包括解波分复用器(De-Multiplexer，DMUX)和检偏器为例，进行说明。
第一波分复用光传输设备71、第二波分复用光传输设备72内部包含的各个模块之间可用短光纤相连，所述短光纤通常为0.5米左右，也可以更短或者更长，本申请不做限定。第一波分复用光传输设备71和第二波分复用光传输设备72之间采用长光纤相连，所述长光纤通常大于等于10公里，也可以更短或者更长，本申请不做限定。
其中，波分复用器(MUX)和解波分复用器(DMUX)可组成波分复用器组，起偏器和检偏器可组成起偏器和检偏器组。
其中，近端波分复用器组与近端起偏器检偏器组相连，实现近侧发射端的合波过程以及光的起偏过程，或实现近侧接收端光的检偏过程与分波过程；近端起偏器检偏器组与近端光分路器相连，实现偏振光的汇入以及回传光的分离；近端光分路器与远端光分路器通过长光纤相连；远端光分路器与远端起偏器和检偏器组相连；远端起偏器和检偏器组与远端波分复用器组相连。
近端波分复用器组实现近端不同波长的光信号合波，以及分离合波在一起的不同波长的回传光信号。就单通道25G光模块而言，传输100G的信号需要近端波分复用器组有4个不同波长通道(更高带宽要求的方案，波分复用器组通道数不受限制，通道数量为N，N为大于1的自然数)。
近端起偏器和检偏器组中，起偏器实现对合波后的光信号进行偏振化操作，将不同波长的光信号起偏为X方向偏振的线偏振光(这里的X方向可以是任意方向，与后面的Y方向不同即可；优选地，X方向与Y方向相互垂直)；近端检偏器的检偏方向为Y方向，实现对远端合波光信号(Y方向偏振)的直通，同时也可以对反射回来的X偏振光进行过滤，最大限度的降低光纤链路反射造成的干扰。
近端光分路器/远端光分路器配合近端检偏器/远端检偏器实现对收发两个方向的光信号分离。这里的光分路器也可以使用其他分光器替代，例如光耦合器。以近端光分路器分光比为1：H(H根据需求而定，一般H≧1，H越大链路预算越好)为例：远端回传的合波光信号均为Y方向偏振的线偏振光，该Y线偏振光经由近端光分路器一分为二，占比为H的Y向偏振光通往近端检偏器，由于检偏器为Y向偏振，直接通过；占比为1的Y向偏振光通往近端起偏器，由于起偏器为X向偏振，直接隔离。
远端光分路器实现与近端光分路器相同的功能：由近端传来的合波光信号均为X方向偏振的线偏振光，该X线偏振光经由远端光分路器一分为二，占比为H的X向偏振光通往远端检偏器，由于检偏器为X向偏振，直接通过；占比为1的X向偏振光通往远端起偏器，由于起偏器为Y向偏振，直接隔离。
远端起偏器和检偏器组的作用与近端起偏器和检偏器组基本相同，需 要指出的是，远端起偏器的起偏方向为Y方向，而远端检偏器的起偏方向为X方向。
远端波分复用器组与近端波分复用器组作用相同。实现对近端传来的合波光信号的分离，同时对远端回传至近端的不同波长光信号合波。通道参数与近端相同。
如图9所示，近端发射给出N路不同波长的光信号，分别承载不同的数据信号。波长间隔可以选择CWDM(Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing，稀疏波分复用)的20nm，也可以选择间隔更小的DWDM(Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing，密集波分复用)，这里不做特殊限定。光源可以无偏振态，也可以选择圆偏振或椭圆偏振，如果选择线偏振光，则选择偏振方向与发射方向偏振态一致(即第一方向)的偏振光。光源的光功率比以往的激光器略高些，这主要是考虑到后续的光分路器分波的影响。各路光信号进入波分复用器组的MUX后，将会汇聚为一路光波，并由短光纤传递至近端X向偏振器，最后输出一路包含N种不同波长的X向偏振光。远端发射链路回传至近端X向偏振器的偏振方向为Y向偏振，直接被隔离。
近端检偏器的选偏方向为Y方向，而由远端发射链路给出的合波光信号为Y向偏振，故直接通过近端Y向检偏器。由于远端链路中可能存在很多光纤端接，可能存在一些X向偏振的反射光，这些X向偏振的反射光会进入近端Y向检偏器，但由于检偏方向Y与起偏方向X不同，直接被隔离。经由近端Y向检偏器后，回传的合波光信号进入近端解波分复用器DMUX，分成不同波长的光信号进入相应的接收端。
上述实施例中，近端光分路器/远端光分路器配合近端检偏器/远端检偏器实现对收发两个方向的光信号分离，同时完成近端发射光信号的注入。其连接图如图10所示。
本实施例中，近端光分路器和远端光分路器均采用Y型分路器(但不限于此)，且各自的分光功率比不一定相同。近端光分路器的分光功率比设为1：H(H≧1)，远端分路器分光功率比设定为H:1，这样可以保证远近两端的接收侧获得更大功率比的光信号，降低光功率的损耗。这样近端 发出的X向偏振合波光信号，经由近端光分路器，直接全部进入长光纤，并在远端分路器处以较大的比分H进入远端检偏器。而远端回传的Y向偏振合波光信号以同样的比分H进入近端检偏器。H值越大越好，这里举例说明：若H＝1，则意味着两端的接收链路将会损失50％的光信号能量，链路直接产生3dB损耗；若H＝9，则意味着两端的接收链路将会损失10％的光信号能量，链路直接产生0.46dB损耗；若H＝99，则意味着两端的接收链路将会损失1％的光信号能量，链路直接产生0.04dB损耗。
上述实施例中，远端波分复用器组与近端波分复用器组作用相同，同时远端起偏器和检偏器组与近端起偏器和检偏器组作用也是类似的，其连接图如图11所示。不同于近端的是，远端的检偏器为X向偏振，而远端起偏器为Y向偏振。
如图12所示，波分复用光传输系统中，从近端至远端，波分复用光传输的实现方法包括：
步骤1201，近端发射器发出多束不同波长光信号，得到多路不同波长的入射光；
步骤1202，将多路不同波长的入射光通过近端波分复用器MUX合波为一路；
步骤1203，波分复用的光信号(即合波光信号)通过近端起偏器时转换成X向偏振光；
步骤1204，波分复用的X向偏振光通过光分路器进入前传长光纤；
步骤1205，波分复用的X向偏振光进入远端光分路器，占比为H的光束进入远端检偏器；
步骤1206，远端检偏器判断是否是X向偏振光，若是，执行步骤1208，若否，执行步骤1207；
步骤1207，对非X向偏振光进行隔离；
步骤1208，X向偏振光直接通过远端检偏器；
步骤1209，波分复用的X向偏振光经由远端解波分复用器DMUX分离，并传入对应的远端接收器。
如图13所示，与图12所示的步骤类似，波分复用光传输系统中，从远端至近端，波分复用光传输的实现方法包括：
步骤1301，远端发射器发出多束不同波长光信号，得到多路不同波长的入射光；
步骤1302，将多路不同波长的入射光通过远端波分复用器MUX合波为一路；
步骤1303，波分复用的光信号(即合波光信号)通过远端起偏器时转换成Y向偏振光；
步骤1304，波分复用的Y向偏振光通过光分路器进入前传长光纤；
步骤1305，波分复用的Y向偏振光进入近端光分路器，占比为H的光束进入近端检偏器；
步骤1306，近端检偏器判断是否是Y向偏振光，若是，执行步骤1308，若否，执行步骤1307；
步骤1307，对非Y向偏振光进行隔离；
步骤1308，Y向偏振光直接通过近端检偏器；
步骤1309，波分复用的Y向偏振光经由近端解波分复用器DMUX分离，并传入对应的近端接收器。
如图14所示，为图8实施例的变形结构图，其中，波分复用器与起偏/检偏器的位置互换，近端发射器发出多束不同波长光信号，经由近端起偏器时转换成X向偏振光，通过近端波分复用器MUX合波为一路，而后合波信号通过光分路器进入长光纤并传至远端光分路器，占比为H的光束进入远端解波分复用器DMUX分离，最后各个波长的光束进入远端X检偏器，Y向偏振直接隔离，X向偏振光直接通过，并传入各个远端接收器。远端发射器的情况与上述类似。
如图15所示，为本申请实施例的波分复用光传输系统应用场景示意图，通过波分复用实现单纤双向传输100Gbps带宽(随着通道数量的增加，带 宽可以达到更高)光信号的场景。图中BBU(Building Baseband Unit，室内基带处理单元)和RRU(Remote Radio Unit，远端射频单元)两侧发射端均配置25G光口4个(N＝4)，每个通道均采用不同波长，这里采用CWDM的4个波长(但不限于此)，即可以实现单根长光纤中双向传输100G带宽，最高程度的降低了光纤的使用量。
如图16所示，为本申请实施例的波分复用光传输系统另一应用场景示意图，其中，本申请实施例的波分复用光传输设备作为光模块，波分复用器组、起偏器和检偏器组、光分路器均集成在了光模块内部，其基本连接结构与上述实施例相同。图中N路Laser(激光器)的波长均不相同，PD(Photo-Diode，光电二极管)可以是PIN(PIN diode，PIN二极管)或者APD(Avalanche Photo-Diode，雪崩光电二极管)，这种光模块只需要一根光纤就可以实现对接工作，其工作流程与图12和图13相同。
虽然本申请所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本申请。任何本申请所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本申请所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本申请的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定的范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种波分复用光传输设备，包括：发射复用模块和接收解复用模块，以及分别与所述发射复用模块和所述接收解复用模块相连的分光模块，其中：
    所述发射复用模块，配置为将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至所述分光模块；
    所述分光模块，配置为将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光通过光纤线路输出至对端，以及，通过同一光纤线路接收来自所述对端的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，并将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光输出至所述接收解复用模块；
    所述接收解复用模块，配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光；
    其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中，
    所述分光模块，还配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光输出至所述发射复用模块；
    所述发射复用模块，还配置为将接收到的所述第二方向偏振光进行隔离。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中，所述发射复用模块包括相连的波分复用器和起偏器，其中：
    所述波分复用器，配置为将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用输出一路波分复用的入射光至所述起偏器；
    所述起偏器，配置为将所述一路波分复用的入射光进行偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至分光模块；以及，将接收到的第二方向偏振光进行隔离。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中，所述发射复用模块包括相连的起偏器和波分复用器，其中：
    所述起偏器，配置为将多路不同波长的入射光进行偏振转换，输出多路第一方向偏振光至所述波分复用器；以及，将接收到的多路不同波长的第二方向偏振光进行隔离；
    所述波分复用器，配置为将多路第一方向偏振光进行波分复用输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至分光模块；以及，将接收到一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第二方向偏振光至所述起偏器。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中，所述接收解复用模块包括解波分复用器，其中：
    所述解波分复用器，配置为将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中，所述接收解复用模块还包括检偏器，所述分光模块、检偏器和解波分复用器依次相连，或者，所述分光模块、解波分复用器和检偏器依次相连；
    所述检偏器用于仅使第二方向偏振光通过。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中，所述分光模块为光分路器或光耦合器。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中，所述光分路器为Y型光分路器，所述Y型光分路器的分光功率比为1：H，所述H大于等于1，其中，所述Y型光分路器的分光功率比中对应为1的一端连接所述发射复用模块，所述Y型光分路器的分光功率比中对应为H的一端连接所述接收解复用模块。
  9. 如权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中， 还包括：第一转换模块和第二转换模块，其中：
    所述第一转换模块与所述发射复用模块相连，配置为将多路输入电信号转换为所述多路不同波长的入射光；
    所述第二转换模块与所述接收解复用模块相连，配置为将所述多路不同波长的出射光转换为多路输出电信号。
  10. 如权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的波分复用光传输设备，其中，
    所述第一方向与第二方向相互垂直。
  11. 一种波分复用光传输系统，其中，包括：第一波分复用光传输设备和第二波分复用光传输设备，所述第一波分复用光传输设备和第二波分复用光传输设备通过一路光纤线路相连；
    所述第一波分复用光传输设备，配置为将多路不同波长的第一入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至所述第二波分复用光传输设备；以及，接收所述第二波分复用光传输设备通过所述光纤线路输出的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第一出射光；
    所述第二波分复用光传输设备，配置为接收所述第一波分复用光传输设备输出的一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第二出射光；以及，将多路不同波长的第二入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光至所述第一波分复用光传输设备；
    其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的波分复用光传输系统，其中，
    所述第一波分复用光传输设备包括：第一发射复用模块和第一接收解复用模块，以及分别与所述第一发射复用模块和所述第一接收解复用模块相连的第一分光模块，其中：
    所述第一发射复用模块，配置为将多路不同波长的第一入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光至第一分光模块；
    所述第一分光模块，配置为将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光通过所述光纤线路输出至所述第二波分复用光传输设备，以及，通过同一光纤线路接收所述第二波分复用光传输设备输出的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，并输出至所述第一接收解复用模块；
    所述第一接收解复用模块，配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第一出射光；
    所述第二波分复用光传输设备包括：第二发射复用模块和第二接收解复用模块，以及分别与所述第二发射复用模块和所述第二接收解复用模块相连的第二分光模块，其中：
    所述第二发射复用模块，配置为将多路不同波长的第二入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换，输出一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光至第二分光模块；
    所述第二分光模块，配置为将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光通过所述光纤线路输出至所述第一波分复用光传输设备，以及，通过同一光纤线路接收所述第一波分复用光传输设备输出的一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，并输出至所述第二接收解复用模块；
    所述第二接收解复用模块，配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的第二出射光。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的波分复用光传输系统，其中，
    所述第一分光模块，还配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光输出至所述第一发射复用模块；所述第一发射复用模块还用于将接收到的所述第二方向偏振光进行隔离；
    所述第二分光模块，还配置为将接收到的所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光输出至所述第二发射复用模块；所述第二发射复用模块还用于将 接收到的所述第一方向偏振光进行隔离。
  14. 一种波分复用光传输的实现方法，包括：
    将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，将所述一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光所述通过光纤线路输出至对端；以及
    通过同一光纤线路接收来自所述对端的一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光，将所述一路波分复用的第二方向偏振光进行解复用，输出多路不同波长的出射光；
    其中，所述第一方向与第二方向不同。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其中，所述将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用和偏振转换得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光，包括：
    将多路不同波长的入射光进行波分复用，得到一路波分复用的入射光；将所述一路波分复用的入射光进行偏振转换，得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光；或者
    将多路不同波长的入射光进行偏振转换，得到多路第一方向偏振光；将所述多路第一方向偏振光进行波分复用，得到一路波分复用的第一方向偏振光。
PCT/CN2018/116269 2018-01-19 2018-11-19 波分复用光传输设备、系统及实现方法 WO2019140999A1 (zh)

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