Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
  • D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
  • D01H1/02—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously ring type
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
  • D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
  • D01H13/14—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements
  • D01H13/16—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
  • D01H13/00—Other common constructional features, details or accessories
  • D01H13/14—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements
  • D01H13/16—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material
  • D01H13/1616—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions ; Monitoring the entanglement of slivers in drafting arrangements responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material characterised by the detector

Definitions

• the present invention falls within the technical field of spinning.
• the present invention relates to spinning equipment or spinning machines.
• the present invention relates to a detection system used in the controls of such spinning machines.
• the detection system comprises a detector element (microsensor).
• a first set of operations includes, typically, the opening, blending and cleaning of fibres.
• the sequence continues with the carding process, in which the fibres are unravelled and properly ordered resulting in carded bundles or rolags.
• the actual spinning phase begins, which involves the twisting of the fibres transforming the bundles into a more or less thin cord which forms the yarn, or thread.
• spinning machines This process use equipment called spinning machines.
• a very common spinning machine is the ring spinning machine. It is used typically in the production of combed yarns of cotton, wool or synthetic fibres.
• the ring spinning machine performs the drawing, twisting and winding of the thread around a spool which rotates at high speed (even more than 20,000 RPM).
• Known ring spinning machines are in general made of two symmetrical sides comprising respective platforms where a plurality of rotary spindles are arranged and on which the spools are inserted. Above the winding spindles there is a creel loaded with bobbins on which the bundles of carded fibres are placed to feed the spinning machine. A sliver is generated from the carded fibres which is conveyed through a series of rollers to draw it and then towards the underlying platform of spindles for the twisting and winding of the thread on the spool. The different speed of rotation of the rollers automatically determines the drawing of the sliver which reaches the spindles with the required thickness.
• the twisting of the thread on the spindles is determined by a steel ring (traveller), which runs on a circular guide (ring) perpendicular to and coaxial with the spool inserted on the spindle: the rotary motion of the spindle causes the spool to advance which, in turn, pulls the ring within which the thread runs. This rotary motion produces the twist of the thread while it winds on the spool. At the same time, the guide rises and falls resulting in the uniform winding of the thread on the spool. With this system, the number of twists per minute the thread is subjected to corresponds to the number of revolutions the ring performs around the spindle; this type of spinning machine allows for high production speeds.
• the ring rotates around the spindle on the track of the ring at a high speed, even more than 20,000 RPM.
• the thread may break during this process.
• the detection of the breaks and the number of revolutions on the individual spindles are of significant importance.
• sensors use the voltage induced in a copper coil as a result of the change of the magnetic field generated by the sensor itself. They are placed on the spindle platform in the vicinity of the guide ring and detect the passage of the traveller. Sensors of the known type comprise a permanent magnet and a copper coil wound on a spool with the entire assembly housed in a plastic container.
• Another drawback is the significant size of the detection systems as a whole, and in particular the size of the sensor.
• an elevated size hampers the insertion of the thread on the traveller during any repair operations as a result of breakage of the thread.
• an elevated size favours the deposition of volatile residual materials, such as the fibres of the material being processed, and increases the need for periodic cleaning operations.
• the main object of the present invention is to resolve or at least in part obviate the drawbacks mentioned above that characterize the detection devices of the known type.
• one object of the present invention is to provide a detection system for a thread winding unit of a spinning machine which increases the reliability of the spinning machine itself.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a detection system for a thread winding unit of a spinning machine which reduces the overall dimensions compared to devices of the known type.
• a further object of the invention is to provide a detection system for a thread winding unit of a spinning machine which facilitates maintenance operations compared to devices of the known type.
• Yet another object of the invention is to provide a detection system for a thread winding unit of a spinning machine which facilitates repair operations compared to devices of the known type.
• a further object of the invention is to provide a detection system for a thread winding unit of a spinning machine which facilitates cleaning operations compared to devices of the known type.
• Another object of the invention is to provide a detection system for a thread winding unit of a spinning machine which reduces the attractive force as regards the traveller so as not to cause breakage of the thread inside the traveller, especially during start-up.
• the present invention is based on the general consideration that the problems encountered in the prior art can be at least partially overcome by the realization of a detection system for a thread winding unit around a spool in which the detection system is based on the variation of intensity of a magnetic field and wherein this variation of intensity is caused by means suited to generate a magnetic field, these means pertaining to the winding unit.
• the present invention relates to a detection system for a thread winding unit around a spool, this winding unit comprising a traveller element suited to receive the thread to be wound and suited to slide on a guide element set up along a closed path around the spool, this detection system being suited to detect the passage of the traveller element on the basis of a variation of intensity of a magnetic field, wherein the system comprises means suited to generate a magnetic field, these means pertaining to the winding unit.
• the means suited to generate a magnetic field comprise at least one magnetized portion of the traveller element.
• the magnetized portion comprises a permanent magnet.
• the means suited to generate a magnetic field comprise at least one magnetized portion of the guide element and the traveller element comprises a material suited to vary the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetized portion of the guide element during the sliding of the traveller element on the guide element.
• the traveller element comprises a ferromagnetic material.
• the traveller element is made of steel.
• system comprises a support element for the guide element.
• the means suited to generate a magnetic field comprise at least one magnetized portion of the support element and the traveller element comprises a material suited to vary the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetized portion of the support during the sliding of the traveller element on the guide element.
• the traveller element comprises a ferromagnetic material.
• the traveller element is made of steel.
• the support element and the guide element are translatable along a longitudinal direction substantially parallel to the axis of the spool.
• the guide element is annular in shape.
• the traveller element is annular in shape.
• the traveller element slides in a track of the guide element.
• the system comprises a detector element for the variation of intensity of the magnetic field.
• the detector element is capable of detecting magnetic induction down to one single Gauss.
• the detector element comprises a winding of conductive material wrapped around a core of ferromagnetic material.
• the detector element comprises a copper coil with a central core made of ferromagnetic material.
• the detector element has an inductance greater than or equal to 100 mH (milliHenries).
• the detector element comprises a Hall effect sensor.
• the Hall effect sensor has a sensitivity greater than or equal to 2.5 mV/Gauss.
• the system comprises an acquisition and processing unit related to the detector element.
• the winding unit comprises means for rotation of the spool about its axis.
• the present invention relates to a spinning apparatus of the type comprising a thread winding unit around a spool and a detection system for the winding unit, in which the detection system is realized as described above.
• the apparatus comprises a fibre feeding unit and a drawing unit of those fibres which are suited to cooperate to generate a thread for the winding unit.
• the winding unit also performs a twisting operation of the thread.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a spinning machine comprising a detection system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
• Fig. 2 shows a top view of a detail of Fig. 1 wherein the detection system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is visible;
• FIG. 3 shows a first alternative embodiment of the detection system of Fig. 2;
• FIG. 4 shows another alternative embodiment of the detection system of Fig. 2.
• the present invention finds particular application in the technical field of production of spinning machines for the textile industry.
• the present invention finds an advantageous application in the production of ring spinning machines.
• the present invention is not limited to the production of ring spinning machines.
• the present invention may find application in all cases involving the control of the winding of a thread around a spool.
• FIG. 1 An embodiment of a ring spinning system 1, hereinafter simply referred to as the machine, is shown in Fig. 1.
• the machine 1 comprises a detection system which is the object of the present invention, indicated as a whole by number 20 and shown in detail in Fig. 2.
• the machine 1 shown schematically in the figure represents a ring spinning machine, able to simultaneously perform the drawing, twisting and winding of the thread around a spool 2 which rotates at high speed.
• the speed of rotation of the spool 2 may exceed 20,000 revolutions per minute.
• FIG. 1 In the schematic view of Fig. 1 for the sake of simplicity two winding units 8 are shown with the respective spools 2 arranged on two symmetrical fronts of the machine 1. It is clear, however, that the machine 1 will be suitably configured to receive a plurality of winding units 8 arranged advantageously, but not necessarily symmetrically aligned, on the two fronts. For the purposes of the present invention, the description will be made for only one winding unit 8 of the machine 1. The inventive concept can, in any case, obviously be extended to all winding units 8 on the machine 1.
• the machine 1 comprises an upper bobbin 3 on which the original fibres 4 are arranged which feed the machine 1 and which will constitute the final thread 5.
• Below the bobbin 3 there are a series of rollers 6 toward which the sliver drawn from the bobbin 3 of fibre 4 is conveyed.
• the particular conformation of the outer surface of these rollers 6 and the different speed of rotation of the three pairs of rollers 6 automatically determines the drawing of the sliver 7 that reaches the underlying winding unit 8 in the form of thread 15 with the required thickness.
• the winding unit 8, or spindle platform comprises a rod 9, or spindle, rotating at high speed around a central axis.
• the spool 2 of the thread 5 is inserted so as to integrally rotate with the spindle 9.
• a guide element 11 is positioned for a traveller element 12, better seen in Fig. 2.
• the guide element 11 preferably has an annular shape suited to define a closed path around the spool 2.
• the guide element 11 is circular in shape and arranged coaxially with the spool 2.
• the guide element 11 is preferably connected to a support element 13.
• the support element 13, and with it the guide element 11, is advantageously movable along a substantially vertical direction Y along the length of the spindle 9, preferably between the end zones of the spool 2.
• the support element 13, and with it the guide element 11, is advantageously movable along a substantially vertical direction Y and substantially parallel to the axis of the spool 2 in its inserted position on the spindle 9.
• the traveller element 12 preferably has an annular shape to allow the through passage of the thread 15 coming from the drawing rollers 6. The thread is then conveyed towards the spool 2 on which it will be wound, as also shown in Fig. 2.
• the traveller element 12 is associated with the guide element 11 in such a way that it can slide around it and around the spool 2 along the closed path defined by the guide 11 itself.
• the traveller element 12 slides on a special track, not shown, built-in on the guide element 11.
• the winding unit 8 therefore performs the uniform winding of the thread 5 on the spool 2 and simultaneously applies the required twisting for the production of the thread.
• the number of twists per minute applied to the thread 5 corresponds to the number of revolutions that the traveller element 12 executes around the spindle 9.
• the machine 1 is associated with a detection system 20, better seen in Fig. 2.
• the detection system 20 is used to detect the passage of the traveller element 12 during its rotations around the spool 2. The detection of these passages advantageously allows the correct operation of the spinning process to be checked.
• the detection system 20 comprises a detector element 21 preferably associated with the support element 13 of the guide element 11.
• the detector element 21 is capable of detecting magnetic induction down to one single Gauss.
• the detector element 21 comprises a winding of conductive material wrapped around a core of ferromagnetic material 22, more particularly a special copper coil the central core of which is made of ferromagnetic material (ferrite), and in any case a detector element without permanent magnets.
• the detector element 21 can therefore detect changes in magnetic fields even of low intensity.
• the detector element 21 is therefore capable of detecting magnetic induction down to one single Gauss and the special coil preferably has an inductance greater than or equal to 100 mH (milliHenries).
• the detector element 21 may be advantageously positioned in front of the winding unit 8, as shown in the right portion of Fig. 1, or advantageously positioned behind the winding unit 8, as shown in the left portion of Fig. 1.
• the detector element 21 is suitably housed in a casing 21a, preferably made of plastic material.
• the detector element 21 will also be advantageously positioned in proximity to and facing the traveller element 12 when the latter will pass in its vicinity during the rotation on the guide element 11, as indicated by the element in dashed lines in Fig. 2.
• the detector element 21 may be constructed differently, for example, comprising a Hall effect sensor, also without permanent magnets, and in any case it is capable of detecting magnetic induction down to one single Gauss.
• the Hall effect sensor will be suitably powered and will allow the detection of low intensity magnetic fields, as well as the variations of those magnetic fields.
• the Hall effect sensor is capable of detecting magnetic induction down to one single Gauss and it is preferably capable of detecting magnetic induction down to a value greater than or equal to 2.5 mV/Gauss.
• the traveller element 12 preferably comprises a magnetized portion suited to advantageously create a magnetic field M with a pre-established magnitude.
• the variations of the magnetic field M due to the movement of the traveller element 12 around the guide element 11 are suitably detected by the detector element 21.
• the detector element 21 enables the detection of the actual rotation of the traveller element 12 around the guide element 11, as well as determines the number of revolutions per minute of the same.
• the actual intensity of the magnetic field M generated by the traveller element 12, and not only the variations, is detected by the detector element itself.
• the intensity of the magnetic field M detected by the Hall effect sensor will be at its maximum when the traveller element 12 is facing the detector element 21 itself, that is, in the position indicated with the element in dashed lines in Fig. 2.
• the detection system 20 comprises a unit, not shown in the figures, for the acquisition and processing of the signals generated by the detector element 21.
• the magnitude of the magnetic field M of the traveller element 12 can be maintained at low values.
• the attractive force as regards the traveller element 12 is maintained at low values, reducing this way the number of ruptures compared to known systems in which there are significant attractive forces arising from the use of permanent magnets.
• the detection of the traveller element 12 by the detector element 21, that is, the special coil without permanent magnets 22 or the Hall effect sensor, can be very precise even at greater distances than those found in systems of the known art.
• the magnetic field M of the traveller element 12 corresponds to a weak residual magnetization of a magnetization process to which the traveller element 12 is subjected.
• the traveller element comprises any material suitable to be magnetized and able to present a residual magnetization following that magnetization.
• the traveller element comprises any ferromagnetic material, more preferably steel, or alloys, metal alloys, materials composed of elements suited to be magnetized, etc.
• the magnetic field M of the traveller element 12 can be obtained in any other way.
• the design may foresee that the entire traveller element 12 is constituted by a permanent magnet, or that only a part of the same comprises a permanent magnet.
• Another advantageous aspect is that if a magnetic field M is associated with the traveller element 12, it allows the use of a detector element 21 without permanent magnets.
• the small size of the detector element 21 facilitates the insertion of the thread 15 on the traveller element 12 or the repair of the thread after a rupture.
• the use of a detector element 21 without permanent magnets and/or copper coils allows the use of a casing 21a featuring rounded shapes and with reduced overall dimensions. This characteristic enables the reduction of the amount of material deposited on the casing 21a of the detector element 21, such as volatile residual materials resulting from the fibres of the thread.
• FIG. 3 an alternative embodiment of the detection system 60 of the invention is shown.
• This detection system 60 differs from the detection system 20 described with reference to Fig. 2 by the fact that the guide element 71 advantageously comprises a magnetized portion 72 suited to advantageously create a magnetic field M with a pre-established magnitude.
• the traveller element 62 comprises at least one portion suited to modify the intensity of this magnetic field M during its sliding on the guide element 71.
• the traveller element 62 is made of ferromagnetic material, more preferably steel.
• the variations of the magnetic field M due to the movement of the traveller element 62 along the guide element 71 are duly detected by the detector element 21.
• the detector element 21 detects the actual rotation of the traveller element 62 around the guide element 71 and determines the number of revolutions per minute of the same, in the same manner previously described for the first embodiment.
• the actual intensity of the magnetic field M generated by the magnetized portion 72, and not only the variations, is detected by the detector element itself.
• the magnitude of the magnetic field M generated by the magnetized portion 72 can be maintained at low values.
• the detector element 21 that is, the special coil without permanent magnets 22 or the Hall effect sensor, in fact enables the accurate detection of even weak magnetic fields.
• the attractive force as regards the traveller element 62 is maintained at low values, reducing this way the number of ruptures compared to known systems in which there are significant attractive forces arising from the use of permanent magnets.
• the reliability of the machine 1 of the invention is greater than ring spinning machines of the known art. Still advantageously, the detection of the traveller element 62 by the detector element 21, that is, the special coil without permanent magnets 22 or the Hall effect sensor, can be very precise even at greater distances with respect to systems of known art.
• the magnetic field M of the magnetized portion 72 corresponds to a weak residual magnetization of a magnetization process the guide element 71 of which is subjected to.
• the guide element 71 includes any material suited to be magnetized and able to present a residual magnetization as a result of that magnetization.
• the traveller element 71 includes any ferromagnetic material, more preferably steel, or alloys, metal alloys, materials composed of elements suited to be magnetized, etc.
• the magnetic field M generated by the guide element 71 can be obtained in any other way.
• the design may foresee that the whole guide element 71 is constituted by a permanent magnet, or that only a part of the same includes a permanent magnet.
• Fig. 4 shows another alternative embodiment of the detection system 80 of the invention.
• This detection system 80 differs from the detection system 20 described with reference to Fig. 2 by the fact that the support element 83 of the guide element 11 advantageously comprises a magnetized portion 92 suited to advantageously create a create a magnetic field M with a pre-established magnitude.
• the traveller element 62 comprises at least a portion suited to modify the intensity of this magnetic field M during its sliding along the guide element 11.
• the traveller element 12 is made of ferromagnetic material, more preferably steel.
• the variations of the magnetic field M due to the movement of the traveller element 62 around the guide element 11 are suitably detected by the detector element 21.
• the detector element 21 detects the actual rotation of the traveller element 62 around the guide element 11 and determines the number of revolutions per minute of the same, in the same manner previously described for the first embodiment.
• the actual intensity of the magnetic field M generated by the magnetized portion 92, and not only the variations, is detected by the detector element itself.
• the magnetic field M generated by the magnetized portion 92 can be maintained at low values.
• the detector element 21 that is, the special coil without permanent magnets 22 or the Hall effect sensor, in fact allows the accurate detection of even weak magnetic fields.
• the attractive force as regards the traveller element 62 is also maintained at low values, reducing this way the number of ruptures compared to known systems in which there are significant attractive forces arising from the use of permanent magnets.
• the detection of the traveller element 62 by the detector element 21, that is, the special coil without permanent magnets 22 or the Hall effect sensor, can be very precise even at greater distances with respect to systems of known art.
• the magnetized portion 92 comprises an element applied to the support element 83 and the magnetic field M of the magnetized portion 92 corresponds to a weak residual magnetization of a magnetization process to which that portion 92 is subjected.
• the magnetized portion 92 comprises any material suited to be magnetized and able to present a residual magnetization as a result of that magnetization.
• the magnetized portion 92 comprises any ferromagnetic material, more preferably steel, or alloys, metal alloys, materials composed of elements suited to be magnetized, etc.
• the magnetic field M generated by the magnetized portion 92 can be obtained in any way.
• the design can foresee that the entire magnetized portion 92 is constituted by a permanent magnet, or that only a part of the same comprises a permanent magnet.
• the embodiment of the detection system 80 described herein achieves the same advantages indicated above for the first embodiment.
• the design could foresee one or more combinations of the embodiments described above, that is, a magnetized portion pertaining to one or more of the constitutive elements of the traveller element, the guide element or the support element.
• the detection system of the invention achieves the intended purposes and in particular enables the construction of a detection system for the thread winding unit of a ring spinning machine which increases the reliability of the ring spinning machine itself.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)

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Citations (4)

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• 2012
  • 2012-05-18 IN IN2264KON2014 patent/IN2014KN02264A/en unknown
  • 2012-05-18 WO PCT/IT2012/000146 patent/WO2013171774A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2012-05-18 EP EP12751121.0A patent/EP2850233B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2012-05-18 CN CN201280073235.2A patent/CN104302817B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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