WO2013171209A1 - Organisches licht emittierendes bauelement und verfahren zur herstellung eines organischen licht emittierenden bauelements - Google Patents
Organisches licht emittierendes bauelement und verfahren zur herstellung eines organischen licht emittierenden bauelements Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013171209A1 WO2013171209A1 PCT/EP2013/059938 EP2013059938W WO2013171209A1 WO 2013171209 A1 WO2013171209 A1 WO 2013171209A1 EP 2013059938 W EP2013059938 W EP 2013059938W WO 2013171209 A1 WO2013171209 A1 WO 2013171209A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- translucent
- electrode
- layer
- protective layer
- halogen
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 ZnO Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CNRZQDQNVUKEJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo-bis(oxoalumanyloxy)titanium Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Ti](=O)O[Al]=O CNRZQDQNVUKEJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-7-one Chemical compound C1C2C(=O)OC1C=CC2 TVEXGJYMHHTVKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015845 BBr3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100425947 Mus musculus Tnfrsf13b gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxide Inorganic materials [Cd]=O CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Cd+2] CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- DWCMDRNGBIZOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanide;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].C[N-]C.C[N-]C.C[N-]C.C[N-]C DWCMDRNGBIZOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXTVQNIFGXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-[tris(dimethylamino)stannyl]methanamine Chemical compound CN(C)[Sn](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N(C)C WHXTVQNIFGXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/844—Encapsulations
- H10K50/8445—Encapsulations multilayered coatings having a repetitive structure, e.g. having multiple organic-inorganic bilayers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/844—Encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/12—Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
- H01L2924/1204—Optical Diode
- H01L2924/12044—OLED
Definitions
- OLEDs Organic light-emitting diodes
- Illumination purposes and display applications are known and typically have on an anode substrate and above a cathode with interposed organic layers having at least one light-emitting layer.
- OLEDs are distinguished between those that emit light in one direction and those that emit light in two
- Single-sided radiating OLEDs can be designed as so-called “bottom emitters", in which the light is opposite that of the encapsulation
- Substrate is radiated, or as so-called "top
- Two-sided emitting OLEDs are
- the double-sided emitting OLED is also referred to as a transparent OLED.
- Corrosion for example by moisture and / or
- OLEDs which have an encapsulation of a cavity having a glass cover, in which a desiccant is arranged and by means of a
- Adhesive bead can be attached.
- WO 2009/095006 a thin-film encapsulation is known, which is a combination of means of plasma-enhanced chemical
- PECVD plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- Precursors used for manufacturing that are known for fast process time such as
- Halogenated starting materials can by their
- Decomposition products such as HBr in the case of BBr3 and HCl in the case of SiCl 4 , TiCl 4 and TaCl, for example, lead to damage of the cathode, whereby the
- At least one object of certain embodiments is to provide an organic light emitting device with a Specify thin-film encapsulation arrangement. At least another object of certain embodiments is to provide a method for producing an organic light
- an organic light-emitting component has a substrate on which a functional layer stack with a first electrode and above this a translucent second electrode is arranged. Between the first and second electrodes, that is above the first electrode and below the translucent second
- Electrode the functional layer stack on an organic functional layer stack with at least one organic light-emitting layer.
- Organic functional layer stack is here and hereafter referred to the entirety of the organic layers of the organic light emitting device, which are arranged between the electrodes, while the
- the organic light-emitting component can be designed in particular as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), which as an organic light-emitting LED
- Layer has an electroluminescent layer.
- the term "translucent" layer is here and below referred to as a layer that is permeable to visible light, whereby the translucent layer may be transparent, ie transparent, or at least partially light-scattering and / or partially absorbing light, so that the translucent layer For example, it may also be diffuse or milky translucent It is particularly preferable for a layer designated here as translucent to be as transparent as possible, so that in particular the absorption of light is as low as possible.
- a translucent thin-film encapsulation arrangement is arranged above the translucent second electrode.
- translucent thin-film encapsulation arrangement is arranged directly on the translucent second electrode, a translucent protective layer.
- Layer stack provided, which has a first electrode and above a translucent second electrode, between which an organic functional layer stack is arranged with at least one organic light-emitting layer. Furthermore, directly on the
- a translucent thin-film encapsulation is arranged on the translucent protective layer.
- the translucent protective layer has a refractive index which is greater than 1.6.
- the refractive index data here and below relate to the refractive index at a wavelength of about 600 nm.
- the translucent protective layer is made using a halogen-free
- the translucent protective layer means that no halogen-containing starting materials, in particular no halogen-containing metal compounds, are used for the production of the translucent protective layer.
- the translucent protective layer can thus the formation of hydrogen halide compounds such as
- HBr or HCl can be avoided in the case of the known in the prior art halogen-containing starting materials BBr 3 , SiCl 4 , TiCl 4 and TaCl, which could damage, for example, the translucent second electrode.
- Electrode applied layers so the protective layer and the thin-film encapsulation, at the same time the task of optical adjustment in terms of maximum Transparency and optimization of the emission ratio between the substrate-side and the encapsulation-side emission. This can be beneficial to the translucent
- Protective layer may be provided directly on the translucent second electrode as a high-refractive anti-reflection layer on which then the thin-film encapsulation is applied. Also in the case of a top emitter designed organic light emitting device can compared to known OLEDs by the translucent protective layer with the refractive index of greater than 1.6 due to the better
- Antireflection properties for example a better one
- translucent protective layer has a refractive index greater than 1.8 and preferably greater than 2.0.
- Refractive index of greater than 1.6 is applied, caused by the Al 2 O 3 layer loss of transparency in the visible wavelength range and a worse
- the thin-film encapsulation arrangement ie the encapsulation layers of the Thin-film encapsulation assembly applied to the translucent protective layer, for example, also applied using a halogen-containing metal compound that enables efficient industrial fabrication. Due to the halogen-free applied translucent protective layer can thus have the advantage of rapid deposition of
- the thin-film encapsulation arrangement can for this purpose one or more
- encapsulation layers each having a thickness of less than or equal to several 100 nm.
- Suitable materials for the layers of the thin-film encapsulation arrangement are, for example, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide,
- Titanium oxide hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide.
- the first metal oxide titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide.
- Encapsulation arrangement a layer sequence with a plurality of thin layers, each having a thickness between an atomic layer and 10 nm, wherein the boundaries of the indicating area are included.
- Encapsulation arrangement for example, have at least two layers of different materials.
- the encapsulation arrangement may also comprise at least three or more layers of different materials. Furthermore, the encapsulation arrangement
- the translucent protective layer can also be embodied as an encapsulation layer and thus form a first translucent encapsulation layer over the functional layer stack directly on the translucent second electrode, which together with the translucent
- Thin-film encapsulation arrangement forms an encapsulation.
- the translucent protective layer can also have more than one layer.
- the translucent protective layer can be formed by a stack of layers having at least two layers, each of which by means of a
- the refractive index of the protective layer described herein may be a refractive index averaged over the layers in the case of a layer stack in which the thickness of one or all layers of the protective layer is smaller than the wavelength of the light emitted from the organic light emitting device.
- the translucent protective layer is applied by means of an atomic layer deposition method (ALD).
- ALD atomic layer deposition method
- the thin-film encapsulation arrangement can also be applied by means of ALD.
- ALD is a method
- a first gaseous starting compound is supplied to a volume in which a surface to be coated is provided, so that the first gaseous compound can adsorb on the surface.
- the part of the first starting compound which is still present in gaseous and / or not adsorbed on the surface, usually removed again from the volume and a second
- the second starting compound is intended to chemically react with the first starting compound adsorbed on the surface to form a solid ALD layer.
- Atomisingabscheidung more than two starting compounds can be used.
- the surface to be coated is heated to a temperature above room temperature. Thereby, the reaction for forming the solid ALD layer can be thermally initiated.
- the temperature of the surface to be coated is usually dependent on the starting compounds.
- the ALD method can be used to produce a plasma (PEALD: "plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition") or in
- Protective layer in particular by means of ALD, at a temperature of less than or equal to 150 ° C, preferably of less than or equal to 120 ° C and particularly preferably less than or equal to 90 ° C. applied.
- the translucent thin-film encapsulation device can also be applied at such a temperature. This can cause damage or negative
- the thin-film encapsulation arrangement may comprise at least one or a plurality of further layers, ie in particular barrier layers and / or
- Passiviansstiken which is deposited by thermal vapor deposition or by means of a plasma-assisted process, such as sputtering or PECVD.
- a plasma-assisted process such as sputtering or PECVD.
- Materials for this may be the aforementioned materials as well as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride,
- encapsulant layers may each have a thickness between 1 nm and 5 ym, and preferably between 1 nm and 400 nm, with the limits of the stated ranges included.
- the translucent protective layer comprises an oxide, in particular a metal oxide, having the aforementioned refractive index, in particular one or more of the following materials: zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), hafnium dioxide (HfO 2 ), Tin dioxide (SnO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 Os), vanadium oxide (V 2 Os). Accordingly, with advantage for the procedure for
- the halogen-free metal compound has a halogen-free organometallic
- the halogen-free organometallic compound may comprise, for example, tetrakis (dimethylamine) (TDMA) or an alkoxide, and in particular a halogen-free organometallic compound based on a TDMA or an alkoxide, in particular with one of the metals Zr, Ti, Zn, Hf, Sn, Ta, V.
- TDMA tetrakis (dimethylamine)
- alkoxide a halogen-free organometallic compound based on a TDMA or an alkoxide, in particular with one of the metals Zr, Ti, Zn, Hf, Sn, Ta, V.
- halogen-containing starting compounds such as chlorine-containing compounds
- suitable measuring methods such as
- Metal compounds such as those used in advance and hereinafter, in the prepared layer, can not be given such relative halogen contents
- halogen-free metal compound can be formed, in particular, by one of the following materials, to which exemplary temperatures for ALD processes are given in parentheses with the further starting materials specified in each case for the purpose of forming the respectively indicated materials:
- Tetrakis (dimethylamino) tin H 2 O 2 ; 50 ° C; SnO 2 )
- Ta [N (CH 3 ) 2 ] 5 (0 2 plasma; 100 ° C; Ta 2 0 5 )
- one of the abovementioned materials can be used. Further, one of the following materials may be used, such as those exemplified above in parentheses
- Trimethylaluminum H 2 O, 33 ° C, 42 ° C, A1 2 0 3 .
- Trimethylaluminum (0 3 ; room temperature; A1 2 0 3 )
- Trimethylaluminum (0 2 plasma, room temperature, A1 2 0 3 )
- MeCpPtMe 3 (0 2 plasma + H 2 , 100 ° C, Pt)
- TaCl 5 H 2 O; 80 ° C; Ta 2 0 5 )
- TaCIs H plasma, room temperature, Ta
- a translucent second electrode has a transparent conductive oxide or consists of a transparent conductive oxide.
- Transparent conductive oxides are transparent, conductive materials, usually metal oxides, such as zinc oxide, tin oxide, cadmium oxide,
- binary metal oxygen compounds such as ZnO
- Sn0 2 or ln 2 0 3 also include ternary metal oxygen compounds such as Zn 2 Sn0 4 , CdSn0 3 , ZnSn0 3 , Mgln 2 0 4 , Galn0 3 , Zn 2 In 2 0s or In 4 Sn 3 0i 2 or mixtures
- the TCOs do not necessarily correspond to a stoichiometric composition and may also be p- or n-doped.
- the translucent second electrode can be a
- Metal layer or a metal film with a metal or an alloy for example, with one or more of the following materials: Al, Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ge, Sn, Li, Sm, Y , Yb, Ti, Zr, Zn.
- Metal layer or the metal film has such a small Thickness on that the metal layer or the metal film
- the translucent second electrode may also comprise a combination of at least one or more TCO layers and at least one translucent metal layer.
- Electrodes may be partially alone, in alloys or in combinations, for example, sensitive to
- halogen-containing starting materials in a deposition of a layer directly on the translucent second electrode, as in the deposition itself and / or the conversion to the final oxide by halogen-containing starting materials damage or alteration of the second electrode and
- the substrate comprises one or more materials in the form of a layer, a plate, a foil or a laminate, which are selected from glass, quartz, plastic, metal, silicon wafers.
- the substrate comprises or is glass, for example in the form of a glass layer, glass sheet or glass plate.
- the substrate and the first electrode are formed translucent, so that light generated in the light-emitting layer through the
- the organic light-emitting component may be formed as a bottom emitter and as a top emitter or as a transparent OLED.
- the first electrode is designed to be translucent, then the first electrode may be one of those associated with
- the first electrode has, in particular a TCO. If the first electrode is designed to be reflective, it can have, for example, one or more of the aforementioned metals with a sufficiently large thickness. Alternatively or additionally, the
- reflective formed first electrode also have one or more of the above TCO materials.
- the organic functional layer stack may comprise layers with organic polymers, organic oligomers, organic monomers, organic small, non-polymeric molecules ("small molecules”) or combinations thereof.
- the organic functional layer stack has an organic functional layer which is designed as a hole transport layer in order to allow effective hole injection into the at least one light-emitting layer.
- a hole transport layer for example, tertiary amines, carbazole derivatives, conductive polyaniline or Polyethylendioxythiophen prove to be advantageous.
- emissive layers are materials that use a
- organic functional layer stacks have a functional layer that serves as an electron transport layer
- the layer stack can also have electron and / or hole blocking layers.
- the organic functional layer stack can also be a
- the electrodes can each be designed over a large area. This allows a large-area radiation of the in
- Organic light-emitting layer generated light can be made possible.
- Large area can mean that the organic light-emitting component and in particular the organic light-emitting layer has an area, particularly preferably a contiguous area of greater than or equal to a few square millimeters, preferably greater than or equal to one square centimeter and particularly preferably greater than or equal to one square decimeter having.
- FIGS 1 to 3 show schematic representations of process steps for producing an organic light-emitting device according to several
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a first embodiment
- the functional layer stack 10 has a first one
- the organic functional layer stack 4 has at least one organic light-emitting layer
- At least one organic light-emitting layer 5 further includes, for example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and / or an electron injection layer, which are suitable for making holes and electrons organic light
- the organic functional layer stack 4 may have a plurality of light-emitting layers. Suitable layer structures for the organic functional layer stack 4 are known to the person skilled in the art and therefore will not be further discussed here
- Electrode 3 is translucent and has
- one or more translucent metal layers each having one or more of the following metals: Al, Cu, Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ge, Sn, Li, Sm, Y, Yb, Ti, Zr, Zn.
- Electrode 3 alternatively or additionally have one or more TCOs as described above in the general part,
- the translucent second electrode 3 may also be formed as a multilayer electrode with at least one or more TCO layers and at least one or more translucent metal layers.
- the first electrode 2 as the anode and the second electrode 3 are formed as a cathode.
- the polarities of the electrodes 2, 3 may be reversed.
- the substrate 1 for example in the form of a
- the first electrode 2 formed translucent.
- the first electrode 2 has
- a transparent conductive oxide such as ITO or another material mentioned above in the general part for a transparent electrode.
- the layer stack formed by the substrate 1 and the functional layer stack 10 may form an OLED designed as a top emitter.
- the first electrode 2 may preferably be designed to be reflective, or it may additionally be provided on the substrate 1 a reflective layer which generates the light emitted in the organic light-emitting layer 5 during operation and emitted in the direction of the substrate 1
- functional layer stack 10 It is necessary for functional layer stack 10 to be sensitive to moisture, oxygen and other corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulfide
- Layer stack 10 applied. Since the layer stack described here is designed as a transparent OLED or at least as a top emitter, the encapsulation next to the Protective function for the functional layer stack 10 at the same time fulfill the task of optical adjustment in terms of maximum transparency and optimization of light emission.
- the layers applied to the functional layer stack 10 and described below are produced by means of a
- Atomic layer deposition method (ALD method) applied. It has been shown that in particular the advance for the
- the starting materials for ALD layer formation both in the deposition and in their chemical conversion to the final oxide, the layers of the functional
- Layer stack 10 and in particular the translucent second electrode 3 does not damage or change so that affects the function of the device and / or the
- translucent second electrode 3 applied layers in particular the applied directly on the translucent second electrode 3 layer, a suitable
- the layer applied directly on the translucent second electrode 3 is designed as a high-index antireflection layer.
- Electrode 3 applied a translucent protective layer 6 by means of ALD.
- the translucent protective layer 6 has a refractive index of greater than 1.6, preferably greater than 1.8, and more preferably greater than 2.0.
- the translucent protective layer 6, a metal oxide, preferably Zr0 2 , Ti0 2 , ZnO, Hf0 2 , Sn0 2 , Ta 2 0 5 or V 2 0 5 , which is applied by means of ALD.
- the ALD process is carried out at a temperature of less than or equal to 150 ° C, preferably less than or equal to 120 ° C and most preferably less than or equal to 90 ° C performed.
- a halogen-free metal compound is used as the source of the metal of the translucent protective layer 6.
- halogen-free organometallic compounds having one of the metals Zr, Ti, Zn, Hf, Sn, Ta, V, in particular those based on TDMA or an alkoxide, for example one of the materials mentioned above in the general part, which contains an ALD Deposition at low temperatures, ie temperatures of less than 100 ° C, allow.
- a thin-film encapsulation arrangement 7 is deposited on the translucent protective layer 6, which is preferred
- the encapsulation layers of the thin-film encapsulation 7 may be arbitrary nature and in particular also be applied for example using halogen-containing metal compounds.
- the thin-film encapsulation device 7 can also at least one or more T 1O 2 -
- encapsulation layers but which are applied using TiCl 4 .
- an aluminum-titanium oxide for example, to be deposited using trimethylaluminum and TiCl 4 as the encapsulation layer of the thin-film encapsulation arrangement 7.
- a translucent protective layer 6 of T 1O 2 this may for example be made of Z r0 2 , the halogen-free using a zirconium alcoholate or TDMAZr
- Encapsulation layers of T 1O 2 and / or aluminum-titanium oxide can be applied using halogen-containing metal compounds. Furthermore, it is also possible that, for example, as a translucent protective layer 6 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 is applied, via which one of the aforementioned thin-film encapsulation 7 is applied.
- the thin-film encapsulation arrangement 7 can consist of an encapsulation layer or have a plurality of identical or different encapsulation layers. As an alternative to the ALD method, these can be applied at least partially by means of another method, for example by means of PECVD or sputtering.
- the encapsulation arrangement 7 may, for example, comprise at least two layers of different materials. Furthermore, the encapsulation arrangement 7 can also have at least three or more layers of different materials. In addition, as
- Encapsulation arrangement 7 one above the other also several
- Layer stack can be arranged with at least two, three or more layers of different materials.
- the finished, organic, light-emitting component 100 shown in FIG. 3 thus has on the substrate 1 the functional layer stack 10 formed from the first electrode 2, above it the organic functional layer stack 4 with at least one organic layer
- Encapsulation arrangement 7 are applied, wherein the
- translucent protective layer has a refractive index of greater than 1.6. Due to the method described above, one as a top emitter, a double-emitting or a
- transparent OLED can be obtained, which has a high efficiency in terms of light extraction or high transparency, which is coupled with a good
- the translucent protective layer 6 can also be embodied as an encapsulation layer which, together with the thin-film encapsulation arrangement 7 arranged above it, serves to encapsulate the functional layer stack 10.
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- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
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JP2015512031A JP6038295B2 (ja) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-05-14 | 有機発光素子および有機発光素子の製造方法 |
US14/398,821 US9419244B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-05-14 | Organic light-emitting element and method of producing an organic light-emitting element |
CN201380025741.9A CN104584253A (zh) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-05-14 | 有机发光器件和用于制造有机发光器件的方法 |
KR1020147035071A KR20150035605A (ko) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-05-14 | 유기 발광 소자 및 유기 발광 소자의 제조 방법 |
US15/207,711 US9685633B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2016-07-12 | Organic light-emitting element and method of producing an organic light-emitting element |
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DE102012208142.9 | 2012-05-15 | ||
DE102012208142.9A DE102012208142B4 (de) | 2012-05-15 | 2012-05-15 | Organisches licht emittierendes bauelement und verfahren zur herstellung eines organischen licht emittierenden bauelements |
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US14/398,821 A-371-Of-International US9419244B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2013-05-14 | Organic light-emitting element and method of producing an organic light-emitting element |
US15/207,711 Continuation US9685633B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 | 2016-07-12 | Organic light-emitting element and method of producing an organic light-emitting element |
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US (2) | US9419244B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP6038295B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20150035605A (de) |
CN (1) | CN104584253A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102012208142B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013171209A1 (de) |
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CN103681768B (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-01-11 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | Oled显示器件及其制备方法、oled显示装置 |
DE102015100174B4 (de) * | 2015-01-08 | 2022-10-27 | Pictiva Displays International Limited | Organisches lichtemittierendes Bauelement, organische lichtemittierende Baugruppe und Verfahren zum Betreiben des organischen lichtemittierenden Bauelements oder der organischen lichtemittierenden Baugruppe |
JP6640847B2 (ja) | 2015-05-29 | 2020-02-05 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置 |
DE102016219060A1 (de) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Osram Oled Gmbh | Optoelektronische Vorrichtung mit Reflektionseigenschaft |
EP3421278B1 (de) * | 2017-06-29 | 2022-10-19 | PLASMAN Europe AB | Beleuchtete zierleiste |
TWI626776B (zh) * | 2017-08-17 | 2018-06-11 | 華碩電腦股份有限公司 | 可撓式顯示器及其製造方法 |
CN109427997B (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2021-07-13 | 昆山工研院新型平板显示技术中心有限公司 | Oled显示装置及oled显示装置的制备方法 |
CN109437278A (zh) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-08 | 复旦大学 | 一种基于氧化铜-氧化锡核壳纳米线结构的气敏纳米材料、制备工艺及其应用 |
KR20200082763A (ko) * | 2018-12-31 | 2020-07-08 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 투명 표시 장치 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2015520485A (ja) | 2015-07-16 |
US20150129846A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
JP6038295B2 (ja) | 2016-12-07 |
US20160322605A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
US9419244B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 |
CN104584253A (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
DE102012208142A1 (de) | 2013-11-21 |
KR20150035605A (ko) | 2015-04-06 |
DE102012208142B4 (de) | 2021-05-12 |
US9685633B2 (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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