WO2013170569A1 - 垃圾车的卸料方法和垃圾车 - Google Patents

垃圾车的卸料方法和垃圾车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013170569A1
WO2013170569A1 PCT/CN2012/082368 CN2012082368W WO2013170569A1 WO 2013170569 A1 WO2013170569 A1 WO 2013170569A1 CN 2012082368 W CN2012082368 W CN 2012082368W WO 2013170569 A1 WO2013170569 A1 WO 2013170569A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
garbage
rod
working position
waste bin
hinged
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/082368
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨锋
李洪超
Original Assignee
中联重科股份有限公司
湖南中联重科专用车有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中联重科股份有限公司, 湖南中联重科专用车有限责任公司 filed Critical 中联重科股份有限公司
Publication of WO2013170569A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013170569A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65FGATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/24Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for unloading the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/26Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for unloading the tank of a refuse vehicle by tipping the tank

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of garbage transportation, and in particular to a method for discharging a garbage truck and a garbage truck using the same, and more particularly to a docking garbage truck capable of docking a compressed garbage truck and a garbage compression station. Background technique
  • the docking garbage truck mainly includes A bin and a lifting mechanism located above the frame, the lifting mechanism can drive the bin to perform docking and unloading operations.
  • the docking type garbage truck is mainly unloaded by a shovel placed in the garbage can, or the drum is tilted backwards by using a cylinder to realize automatic unloading.
  • the unloading of the garbage by the shovel after the docking cannot make the garbage and sewage be drained from the garbage bin, especially the sewage is difficult to be discharged, and the automatic unloading method is adopted in the lifting cylinder.
  • the rear end of the garbage can cannot be docked with the designated area, which may cause secondary pollution caused by leakage of sewage and garbage outside the designated area during the discharge process, and this method cannot also sewage and Garbage is drained from the bin.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for unloading a garbage truck, which can effectively avoid the problem of secondary pollution caused by leakage of garbage and sewage during discharge, and effectively improve unloading The degree of waste of garbage and sewage in the garbage bin during the process.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a garbage truck which uses the unloading method of the garbage truck provided by the present invention, and has convenient control and reasonable structure.
  • a method of unloading a garbage truck includes moving a garbage bin accommodating garbage from an initial position to a work position, wherein the work position includes a first work position and a a working position, first, lifting the rear end of the garbage can to enter the first working position; then, lifting the front end of the garbage can to enter the second working position, in the second In the working position, the bottom of the garbage bin is inclined rearward and downward.
  • the bottom of the waste bin is disposed obliquely forward and downward.
  • the rear end of the waste bin rotates clockwise and at the same time the bin is moved back overall.
  • a garbage truck including a frame, a garbage can, and a lifting mechanism capable of driving the garbage can to enter from the initial position on the frame a working position, wherein the lifting mechanism includes a lift cylinder and a link mechanism coupled together, the lift cylinder capable of lifting a rear end of the waste bin through the link mechanism to make the garbage
  • the box enters the first working position in the working position from the initial position, and then lifts the front end of the waste bin to cause the waste bin to enter the second of the working positions from the first working position work location.
  • the bottom of the waste bin is inclined forward and downward.
  • the rear end of the waste bin rotates clockwise and at the same time the waste bin moves back overall.
  • a front end of the lift cylinder is hinged at a front portion of the waste bin
  • a rear end of the lift cylinder is connected to a front end of the link mechanism
  • a rear end of the link mechanism is hinged at the a rear portion of the waste bin
  • the link mechanism includes a first rod, a second rod and a third rod, a first end of the first rod is hinged with a rear end of the lift cylinder, and a second end of the first rod Hinged on the frame, the first end of the second rod is simultaneously hinged with the rear end of the lift cylinder and the first end of the first rod, and the second end of the second rod is The first end of the third rod is hinged by an eighth hinge point, the second end of the third rod is hinged to the rear of the trash can by a ninth hinge point, and the third rod passes through the first end A tenth hinge point between the second end and the second end is hinged to the frame.
  • the link mechanism comprises two symmetrically disposed third rods
  • the second rod is an isosceles triangular structure
  • the apex angle of the isosceles triangular structure is hinged to the first end of the first rod
  • the first waist and the second waist are hinged to the two third bars, respectively.
  • the lifting mechanism includes a first seat disposed on the frame, and a second seat disposed on the trash can, the third rod is a triangular structure, and the triangular structure is three The corners are respectively hinged to the second end of the second rod, the first seat and the second seat.
  • the frame is provided with a first stop defining a backward movement of the link mechanism, and the first stop is disposed behind the first rod.
  • the frame is provided with a second stop defining a forward movement of the link mechanism, and the second stop is disposed in front of the first rod.
  • the waste bin further includes a third working position
  • the lift mechanism includes an unlockable locking member capable of locking the link mechanism in the initial position
  • the lift cylinder lifting station The front end of the waste bin is tilted and the bottom of the waste bin is tilted rearward and downward so that the waste bin enters the third working position from the initial position.
  • the unloading method provided by the present invention includes a first working position that can realize the docking of the garbage truck and the corresponding garbage disposal area, and a second position that can lift the front end of the garbage box to tilt the bottom of the garbage box backward and downward.
  • the working position can therefore make the garbage and sewage accurately enter the designated area during the unloading process, and because the bottom of the garbage bin is inclined backwards and downwards, the garbage and the sewage itself have a tendency to be discharged backward, so the unloading with the shovel Material device
  • the utility model can effectively improve the drainage degree of the sewage and the garbage.
  • the garbage truck using the unloading method provided by the invention has the advantages of convenient control, reasonable structure and strong practicability by the cooperation of the lifting cylinder and the connecting rod mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a garbage container of a garbage truck provided in a preferred position according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a garbage container of a garbage truck provided in a first working position according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a garbage container of a garbage truck provided in a second working position according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lifting mechanism provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective structural view of a link mechanism provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the orientation words used are generally defined in the normal driving state of the garbage truck provided by the present invention, and may be referred to in the drawings. 1 to the direction of the drawing shown in Figure 4.
  • the present invention provides a garbage truck, in particular, a docking garbage truck docked with a compressed garbage truck or a garbage compression station, and the garbage truck includes a frame 1, a garbage bin 2, and
  • the lifting mechanism 3 is capable of driving the garbage can 2 to enter the working position on the frame 1 from the initial position, wherein in the working position, the garbage can 2 can perform the docking operation or the unloading operation.
  • the garbage truck provided by the present invention is realized by the pusher 24 provided inside the garbage can 2, that is, the rear door 23 needs to be opened at the time of discharging, and then the pusher 24 is used to remove the garbage from the front to the back. The garbage and sewage in the tank 2 are pushed out.
  • the working position of the garbage truck provided by the present invention includes a first working position and a second working position.
  • the height position of the compressed garbage truck, etc., needs to be docked, and the rear end of the garbage can 2 is lifted to the corresponding height position, thereby completing the docking operation, thereby effectively preventing the garbage and sewage from leaking to the non-designation during the unloading process.
  • the location caused secondary pollution problems.
  • the front end of the trash can 2 needs to be lifted to enter the second working position, and by lifting the front end of the trash can 2, the bottom of the trash can 2 is tilted rearward and downward. Therefore, the sewage and garbage in the garbage can 2 tend to move backward.
  • the degree of discharge of the garbage and the sewage can be effectively improved, thereby achieving the object of the present invention.
  • the unloading method provided by the present invention is a continuous operation method in which the unloading operation is first performed by the back of the garbage can 2 to complete the docking operation, and then the garbage can 2 is lifted forward.
  • the continuous operation method overcomes the problem that the garbage leakage and the degree of discharge are not high during the unloading process in the prior art, and has high practicability.
  • the above discharge method can be completed.
  • the docking operation is more conveniently completed, so that the rear end of the garbage can 2 can be deeper into a designated garbage disposal area such as a compressed garbage truck, so as to more effectively avoid leakage of garbage and sewage during the unloading process.
  • a lifting cylinder is provided at the front and the rear of the garbage can 2, and in the operation, the lifting cylinder on the rear side is first driven to lift the rear end of the garbage can 2, and then the lifting cylinder on the front side is driven. The front side of the waste bin 2 is lifted to complete the unloading method provided by the present invention.
  • the lifting mechanism 3 is provided by the lifting cylinder 33 and the link mechanism 34 to cooperate with each other to implement the discharging method of the garbage truck provided by the present invention, wherein the lifting method
  • the structure of the mechanism 3 is reasonable and the design is ingenious.
  • the front end lifting and the rear end lifting of the garbage can 2 can be sequentially realized by using only one lifting cylinder 33, so that the operation is convenient and the reliability is high. .
  • the lift mechanism 3 includes a lift cylinder 33 and a link mechanism 34 that are coupled together, and the lift cylinder 33 can lift the rear end of the waste bin 2 through the link mechanism 34 to allow the waste bin 2 to enter from the initial position. a first working position in the working position for the docking operation of the garbage truck, and then lifting the front end of the garbage box 2, so that the garbage box 2 enters the second working position in the working position from the first working position, that is, the garbage box 2 is realized The bottom is tilted back and down.
  • the term "frame” in order to facilitate the description of the arrangement of the lifting mechanism, the term "frame” is used herein, and the meaning of the "frame” includes the chassis frame and the mounting of the vehicle.
  • the sub-frame is placed on the chassis, and for the sake of convenience, the "frame” is used herein to refer to the chassis frame and the sub-frame. It should be understood that the use of this term cannot be used to limit this invention.
  • the lifting mechanism 3 is disposed on the sub-frame.
  • the support seat protruding downward from the bottom at the rear of the garbage can 2
  • the support seat can be detachably fixed to the frame 1 when the waste bin 2 is in the initial position, thereby being convex downward
  • the support seat is realized so that the bottom of the garbage can 2 is inclined forward and downward.
  • the front end of the lift cylinder 33 (such as the cylinder end in FIG. 4) is hinged to the waste bin.
  • the front portion of the 2, the rear end (the piston rod end shown in Fig. 4) is connected to the front end of the link mechanism 34, and the rear end of the link mechanism 34 is hinged at the rear of the waste bin 2.
  • the waste bin 2 enters the first working position from the initial position, that is, by being hinged at the rear of the trash can 2
  • the link mechanism 34 lifts the rear end of the waste bin 2 such that the rear end of the waste bin 2 rotates clockwise to complete the docking operation; wherein, by designing the dead center position of the link mechanism 34 or other auxiliary stoppers,
  • the lever mechanism 34 stops the link mechanism from moving backward when the garbage can 2 enters the first working position.
  • the lift cylinder 33 When the link mechanism 34 stops moving, the lift cylinder 33 continues to work, and is hinged to the front of the trash can 2
  • the lift cylinder generates a forward driving force, so that the front end of the linkage 34 is used as a fulcrum, and the front end of the waste bin 2 is lifted so that the front end of the waste bin 2 is rotated counterclockwise, thereby moving from the first working position Entering the second working position, the bottom of the garbage bin 2 is inclined backwards and downwards, so that the garbage and sewage in the garbage bin 2 tend to move backwards, and at this time, the unloading operation of the pusher 24 is matched. Rubbish and sewage from the open back door 23 effectively discharged to complete the unloading operation according to the present invention.
  • a link machine The structure 34 includes a first rod 35, a second rod 36 and a third rod 37.
  • the first end of the first rod 35 is hinged to the rear end of the lift cylinder 33, and the second end of the first rod 35 is hinged to the frame 1.
  • the first end of the second rod 36 is simultaneously hinged with the rear end of the lift cylinder 33 and the first end of the first rod 35, and the second end of the second rod 36 and the first end of the third rod 37 are connected by the eighth joint.
  • the second end of the third rod 37 is hinged to the rear of the trash can 2 by a ninth hinge point Y, and the third rod 37 passes through a tenth hinge point Z between its first end and the second end Hinged to the frame 1.
  • first rod, the second rod, the third rod used is only for convenience to explain the overall mechanism of the link mechanism, and the specific component structure used is not necessarily “rod shape”. ", any component that can be realized by those skilled in the art that can realize the action of the link mechanism can be employed.
  • the link mechanism 34 includes two symmetrically disposed third rods 37, in order to make the two third rods 37 synchronous movement, preferably, the second rod 36 is in an isosceles triangle structure, and the projection of the axis of symmetry of the isosceles triangle structure on the frame 1 coincides with the central axis of the frame 1, the apex angle of the isosceles triangle structure Cooperating with the first end of the first rod 35, that is, by the apex angle as the first end of the second rod 36, and the first waist 36a and the second waist 36b of the isosceles triangle structure and the two The three rods 37 are hinged to synchronously drive the two third rods 37 through the two waists 36a, 36b, thereby achieving stable lifting and movement of the waste bin 2.
  • the connecting rods 36c as the bottom edges may be provided to connect the two waists 36a, 36b.
  • a structure such as a connecting beam may be provided between the two third rods 37 to ensure the structural stability of the link mechanism 34 and the synchronization of the movements of the two third rods 37.
  • the second rod 36 by arranging the second rod 36 to an isosceles triangular configuration, it is only necessary to articulate the rear end of one of the lift cylinders 33 with the first end of the first rod 35, the lift cylinder
  • the front end of the 33 is hinged to the trash can 2 to complete the stable rear end lift and front end lift of the waste bin 2.
  • the structure of the lifting mechanism 33 provided by the present invention is simpler and more convenient to operate, and can ensure the stability of the garbage can 2 during the lifting process to the utmost extent.
  • a set of symmetrically disposed on the lateral sides of the trash can 2 The lifting mechanism 33, and the second rod 36 is a straight rod, and the two cylinders 33 respectively drive the respective link mechanisms 34 to lift the waste bin 2, so that the object of the present invention can also be accomplished under the concept of the present invention. Modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the movement path of the waste bin 2 can be matched, that is, when the initial position is achieved, the bottom of the waste bin 2 is inclined forward and downward; in the first working position, the waste bin 2 is The rear end lifts and completes the docking with the designated garbage disposal area; and in the second working position, the front end of the waste bin 2 is lifted and its bottom is tilted rearward and downward.
  • the frame 1 is provided with a first stopper 51 defining a rearward movement of the link mechanism 34, the first stopper 51 being provided. It is disposed behind the first rod 35.
  • the frame 1 is provided with a second stopper 52 defining a forward movement of the link mechanism 34, the second stopper 51 being disposed in front of the first rod 35.
  • the bottom of the garbage can 2 is inclined forward and downward, so that the garbage and sewage in the garbage bin 2 tend to move forward, so that the sewage does not accumulate in the back door.
  • the problem of leakage of sewage from the back door during transportation is effectively avoided.
  • the rear of the waste bin 2 can pass the first of the link mechanisms 34 through the ninth hinge point Y by rationally designing the relationship of the respective bars in the link mechanism.
  • the lever 35 is pressed forward on the second stopper 52, and at this time, the lift cylinder 33 located at the front of the waste bin 2 exhibits an inoperative state in which the piston rod is retracted in the cylinder, and the lift cylinder 33 is
  • the piston rod end is hinged to the first end of the first rod 35 such that the lift cylinder 33 and the linkage 34 (i.e., the lift mechanism 3) can collectively maintain the waste bin 2 in the initial position, at this time on the frame 1.
  • the tenth hinge point Z, the first lever 35 and the hinge point of the frame 1 and the second stopper 52 together withstand the downward pressure of the waste bin 1.
  • the dead point position of the forward movement of the link mechanism 34 or by arranging the second stop member 52 at another position capable of stopping the forward movement of the link mechanism 34, the same can be Complete the above work status.
  • the front end of the garbage can 2 in order to reduce the impact of the garbage can 2 on the lifting mechanism 3 during transportation, the front end of the garbage can 2 can be directly pressed against the frame 1, so that The lifting mechanism 3 only needs to withstand the pressure from the rear end of the garbage can 2, thereby effectively reducing the pressure on the lifting mechanism, thereby improving its service life and the stability of the garbage can 2.
  • Other forms that may be conceived by those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • the ninth hinge point Y since the third rod 37 is hinged to the frame 1 through the tenth hinge point Z, under the action of the driving cylinder 33, the ninth hinge point Y will be
  • the ten hinge point Z is a clockwise rotation of the center, that is, by rationally designing the positional relationship of the eighth hinge point X, the ninth hinge point Y and the tenth hinge point Z, the ninth hinge point Y through the third rod 37 is realized to make the garbage box
  • the rear end of 2 rotates clockwise to complete the upward lift.
  • the garbage can 2 is brought into the first working position, that is, docking with the designated garbage disposal area, for example, with the compressed garbage truck. Or docking at the garbage compression station.
  • the trajectory of the ninth hinge point Y is a curved clockwise rotation, that is, an arcuate trajectory that moves rearward and upward, so the rear end of the trash can 2 is rotated clockwise to lift upward.
  • the whole of the garbage can 2 is also moved backwards, that is, the garbage can 2 can be further approached or entered into a designated garbage disposal area, such as a filler of a compressed garbage truck, so that the overall docking work of the garbage can 2 is more precise. Therefore, it is more effective to avoid the secondary pollution caused by the leakage of garbage into the non-designated area during the unloading process.
  • the lift mechanism 3 includes a first mount 11 disposed on the frame 1, and a second mount 25 disposed on the trash can 2, and the third lever 37 Designed as a triangular structure, the three corners of the triangular structure are hinged to the second end of the second rod 36, the first pedestal 11 and the second pedestal 25, respectively.
  • the triangular mechanism is an obtuse triangle, wherein the obtuse corner is hinged to the first abutment, that is, as the tenth hinge point Z, and the other two acute corners are respectively connected to the second end of the second abutment and the second abutment 36 Hinged, that is, as the eighth hinge point X and the ninth hinge point Y, respectively. Therefore, the triangular structure can have at least the following advantages compared to a straight rod:
  • the length of the arm at the rear end of the lift bin 2 can be changed, thereby increasing the difference in the force required to lift the rear end of the bin 2 and the front end of the lift. Therefore, it is possible to more conveniently realize the object of the unloading method of the present invention in which the rear end of the garbage can 2 is lifted first and then the front end is lifted.
  • the link mechanism 34 cannot continue to move backward.
  • the lift cylinder 33 continues to operate, i.e., the piston rod continues to extend, at which point the lift cylinder 33 hinged to the front of the waste bin 2 will lift the front end of the waste bin 2, at which point the front end of the waste bin 2 will be the linkage 34.
  • the ninth hinge point ⁇ of the middle third rod 37 is counterclockwise rotated for the dot. At this time, by setting the stroke of the lift cylinder 33, the bottom of the garbage can 2 can be tilted backward and backward, BP, so that the trash can 2 enters the second work location.
  • the garbage and sewage will be discharged from the opened rear door 23 to the designated garbage disposal area, such as a compressed garbage truck.
  • the unloading process of the garbage truck provided by the present invention is completed. And after the discharge is completed, the cylinder can be driven by the contraction, so that the garbage can 2 is restored to the initial position through the first working position.
  • the garbage truck provided by the present invention can also directly perform the unloading operation when the docking operation is not required. At this time, the garbage bin 2 of the present invention can be directly tilted backward and downward to complete the unloading.
  • the garbage bin of the garbage truck provided by the present invention further includes a third working position.
  • the lifting mechanism 3 includes an unlockable locking member (not shown) capable of The link mechanism 34 is locked in the initial position.
  • the lift cylinder 33 will directly lift the front end of the waste bin 2 so that the front end of the waste bin 2 is at the rear end of the lift cylinder 33.
  • the center of the circle rotates counterclockwise so that the bottom of the waste bin 2 is inclined rearward and downward, so that the waste bin 2 directly enters the third working position from the initial position, and the unloading work is completed.
  • the locking member in the initial position, is detachably fixed behind the first rod 35, thereby locking the linkage mechanism. 34 is made to move backwards when the lift cylinder 33 is in operation.
  • the linkage mechanism 34 is required to move, the unlocking of the linkage mechanism 34 can be achieved by simply removing the locking member.
  • the present invention is not limited in this way, and various solutions are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention as long as the above work can be achieved.
  • the garbage truck provided by the present invention can complete the unloading method provided by the present invention during the unloading process, that is, realize the high unloading of the first working position and the second working position, and can also perform the third working position.
  • the low position discharge, and the structure of the lifting mechanism is simple and reasonable, and the design is ingenious.
  • by the cooperation with the link mechanism 34 not only a lifting cylinder 33 needs to be provided, but also the lifting movement of the garbage can 2 can be completed more stably, and the structure is simple and compact.
  • the utility model has the advantages of convenient operation and high reliability, and can enable the garbage bin 2 to realize the rear end lifting and the overall rearward movement in the process of moving from the initial position to the first working position, thereby achieving better discharge.
  • the previous docking operation to avoid secondary pollution caused by garbage spillage. Therefore, the unloading method and the garbage truck of the garbage truck provided by the invention have strong practicability and promotion value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种垃圾车的卸料方法,包括使容纳垃圾的垃圾箱从初始位置运动到工作位置,其中,工作位置包括第一工作位置和第二工作位置,首先,举升垃圾箱的后端,以进入第一工作位置;然后,举升垃圾箱的前端,以进入所述第二工作位置,在所述第二工作位置,所述垃圾箱的底部向后下方倾斜。还公开了一种使用所述卸料方法的垃圾车,该垃圾车的举升机构(3)包括连接在一起的举升油缸(33)和连杆机构(34),通过举升油缸(33)和连杆机构(34)的配合,举升机构能够使垃圾箱从初始位置进入第一工作位置,再从所述第一工作位置进入第二工作位置。

Description

垃圾车的卸料方法和垃圾车
技术领域
本发明涉及垃圾运输领域, 具体地, 涉及垃圾车的卸料方法以及使用 该卸料方法的垃圾车, 特别是一种能够压缩式垃圾车和垃圾压缩站对接的 对接式垃圾车。 背景技术
在现阶段的负责垃圾运输的垃圾车越来越重要, 例如, 一种能够与压 缩式垃圾车和垃圾压缩站对接的对接式垃圾车在垃圾转运中起到重要作 用, 对接式垃圾车主要包括位于车架上方的垃圾箱和举升机构, 举升机构 能够驱动该垃圾箱运动以进行对接和卸料作业。 现阶段, 对接式垃圾车主 要通过设置在垃圾箱内的推铲进行卸料, 或者使用油缸将垃圾箱向后倾翻 实现自动卸料。
在这两种卸料方式中, 在对接后通过推铲卸料的方式无法使得垃圾和 污水从垃圾箱内排净, 尤其是污水很难排净, 而在通过举升油缸的自动卸 料方式中, 又存在垃圾箱的后端无法与指定区域对接的问题, 从而会造成 污水和垃圾在卸料过程中的泄漏到指定区域之外而造成二次污染, 并且这 种方式也无法将污水和垃圾从垃圾箱内排净。
因此, 提供一种有效提升种卸料过程中将污水和垃圾排净程度的卸料 方法、 以及使用这种方法的垃圾车具有积极意义。 发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种垃圾车的卸料方法, 该垃圾车的卸料方 法能够有效避免垃圾和污水在卸料过程中发生泄漏而造成二次污染的问 题, 并且有效提升在卸料过程中垃圾箱内的垃圾和污水的排净程度。 本发明的另一目的是提供一种垃圾车, 该垃圾车使用本发明提供的垃 圾车的卸料方法, 并且控制方便、 结构合理。
为了实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种垃圾车的卸料 方法, 包括使容纳垃圾的垃圾箱从初始位置运动到工作位置, 其中, 所述 工作位置包括第一工作位置和第二工作位置, 首先, 举升所述垃圾箱的后 端, 以进入所述第一工作位置; 然后, 举升所述垃圾箱的前端, 以进入所 述第二工作位置, 在所述第二工作位置, 所述垃圾箱的底部向后下方倾斜。
优选地, 在所述初始位置, 所述垃圾箱的底部向前下方倾斜地设置。 优选地, 在举升所述垃圾箱的后端过程中, 所述垃圾箱的后端顺时针 转动并且同时所述垃圾箱整体后移。
根据本发明的另一方面, 提供一种垃圾车, 所述垃圾车包括车架、 垃 圾箱和举升机构, 所述举升机构能够驱动所述垃圾箱在所述车架上从初始 位置进入工作位置, 其中, 所述举升机构包括连接在一起的举升油缸和连 杆机构, 所述举升油缸能够通过所述连杆机构举升所述垃圾箱的后端, 以 使所述垃圾箱从所述初始位置进入所述工作位置中的第一工作位置, 然后 举升所述垃圾箱的前端, 以使所述垃圾箱从所述第一工作位置进入所述工 作位置中的第二工作位置。
优选地, 当所述垃圾箱位于所述初始位置时, 所述垃圾箱的底部向前 下方倾斜。
优选地, 在所述垃圾箱从所述初始位置运动到所述第一工作位置的过 程中, 所述垃圾箱的后端顺时针转动并且同时所述垃圾箱整体后移。
优选地, 所述举升油缸的前端铰接在所述垃圾箱的前部, 所述举升油 缸的后端与所述连杆机构的前端相连, 所述连杆机构的后端铰接在所述垃 圾箱的后部, 当所述举升油缸驱动所述连杆机构运动时, 所述垃圾箱从所 述初始位置进入所述第一工作位置, 当所述连杆机构停止运动后, 所述举 升油缸举升所述垃圾箱的前端, 以使得所述垃圾箱从所述第一工作位置进 入所述第二工作位置。
优选地, 所述连杆机构包括第一杆、 第二杆和第三杆, 所述第一杆的 第一端与所述举升油缸的后端铰接, 所述第一杆的第二端铰接在所述车架 上, 所述第二杆的第一端同时与所述举升油缸的后端和所述第一杆的第一 端铰接, 所述第二杆的第二端与所述第三杆的第一端通过第八铰接点铰接, 所述第三杆的第二端通过第九铰接点铰接在所述垃圾箱的后部, 并且所述 第三杆通过位于第一端和第二端之间的第十铰接点铰接在所述车架上。
优选地, 所述连杆机构包括两个对称设置的第三杆, 所述第二杆为等 腰三角形结构, 该等腰三角形结构的顶角与所述第一杆的第一端铰接, 并 且第一腰和第二腰分别与该两个第三杆铰接。
优选地, 所述举升机构包括设置在所述车架上的第一支座, 以及设置 在所述垃圾箱上的第二支座, 所述第三杆为三角形结构, 该三角形结构的 三个角分别与所述第二杆的第二端、 所述第一支座以及所述第二支座铰接。
优选地, 所述车架上设置有限定所述连杆机构向后运动的第一止挡件, 该第一止挡件设置在所述第一杆的后方。
优选地, 所述车架上设置有限定所述连杆机构向前运动的第二止挡件, 该第二止挡件设置在所述第一杆的前方。
优选地, 所述垃圾箱还包括第三工作位置, 所述举升机构包括可解锁 的锁定件, 该锁定件能够在所述初始位置锁定所述连杆机构, 所述举升油 缸举升所述垃圾箱的前端并使所述垃圾箱的底部向后下方倾斜, 从而使所 述垃圾箱从所述初始位置进入所述第三工作位置。
通过上述技术方案, 由于本发明提供的卸料方法包括可以实现垃圾车 和相应的垃圾处理区域对接的第一工作位置, 以及能够举升垃圾箱前端使 垃圾箱的底部向后下方倾斜的第二工作位置, 因此能够在卸料过程中, 使 得垃圾和污水准确进入处理指定区域, 并且由于垃圾箱的底部向后下方倾 斜, 使得垃圾和污水自身产生向后排出的趋势, 因此配合推铲等卸料装置 能够有效提升污水和垃圾的排净程度, 另外, 使用本发明提供的卸料方法 的垃圾车通过举升油缸和连杆机构的配合, 控制方便、 结构合理且实用性 强。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1 是本发明优选实施方式提供的垃圾车的垃圾箱位于初始位置时的 结构示意图;
图 2是本发明优选实施方式提供的垃圾车的垃圾箱位于第一工作位置 时的结构示意图;
图 3 是本发明优选实施方式提供的垃圾车的垃圾箱位于第二工作位置 时的结构示意图;
图 4是本发明优选实施方式提供的举升机构的结构示意图;
图 5是本发明优选实施方式提供的连杆机构的立体结构示意图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发 明。
在本发明中, 在未作相反说明的情况下, 使用的方位词如 "上、 下、 前、 后"通常是在本发明提供的垃圾车正常行驶状态下定义的, 具体地, 可参考图 1至图 4所示的图面方向。 如图 1至图 5所示, 本发明提供的一种垃圾车, 特别是一种与压缩式 垃圾车或垃圾压缩站对接的对接式垃圾车, 该垃圾车包括车架 1、 垃圾箱 2 和举升机构 3,举升机构 3能够驱动垃圾箱 2在车架 1上从初始位置进入工 作位置, 其中在工作位置, 垃圾箱 2可以进行对接作业, 也可以进行卸料 作业。 当进行卸料作业时, 优选地, 本发明提供的垃圾车通过设置在垃圾 箱 2内部的推铲 24实现, 即在卸料时需要打开后门 23, 然后有推铲 24由 前向后将垃圾箱 2内的垃圾和污水推出。
为了实现本发明的目的, 本发明提供的垃圾车的工作位置包括第一工 作位置和第二工作位置, 首先, 举升垃圾箱 2 的后端, 以进入第一工作位 置; 此时, 可根据需要对接的压缩式垃圾车等的高度位置, 将垃圾箱 2 的 后端举升到相应的高度位置, 从而完成对接作业, 以有效避免在卸料过程 中, 不发生垃圾和污水泄漏到非指定地点造成二次污染的问题。 在完成对 接作业后, 需要举升垃圾箱 2 的前端, 以进入第二工作位置, 该第二工作 位置, 通过举升垃圾箱 2的前端, 使得垃圾箱 2的底部向后下方倾斜。 因 此, 垃圾箱 2 内的污水和垃圾会产生向后移动的趋势, 此时在推铲的卸料 作业下, 能够有效提升垃圾和污水的排净程度, 从而实现本发明的目的。
需要强调的是, 本发明提供的卸料方法为首先进行垃圾箱 2 的后举以 完成对接作业, 再进行垃圾箱 2的前举而完成卸料作业的连续式作业方法。 该连续式的作业方法克服了现有技术中在卸料过程中, 垃圾外泄和排净程 度不高的问题, 具有较高的实用性。
能够完成上述卸料方法的具体实施方式有多种, 例如为了提升该卸料 方法的效果, 优选地, 可在举升垃圾箱 2 的后端过程中, 同时将垃圾箱 2 整体后移。 以更方便地完成对接作业, 使得垃圾箱 2 的后端能够更深地进 入例如压缩式垃圾车等指定的垃圾处理区域内部, 以更加有效地避免在卸 料过程中, 垃圾和污水泄漏。
为了能够实现上述的卸料方法, 可以采用两个不同作用的举升油缸实 现, 即在垃圾箱 2 的前部和后部均设置举升油缸, 在作业时首先驱动后侧 的举升油缸进行垃圾箱 2后端的举升, 然后再通过驱动前侧的举升油缸将 垃圾箱 2的前侧举升, 以完成本发明提供的卸料方法。
进一步而言, 在本发明提供的优选实施方式中, 所设置的举升机构 3 由举升油缸 33和连杆机构 34相互配合来实现本发明提供的垃圾车的卸料 方法, 其中该举升机构 3结构合理, 并且设计巧妙, 通过和连杆机构 34的 配合, 可只使用一个举升油缸 33即可依次实现垃圾箱 2的前端举升和后端 举升, 因此操作方便且可靠性高。
具体地,举升机构 3包括连接在一起的举升油缸 33和连杆机构 34,举 升油缸 33能够通过连杆机构 34举升垃圾箱 2的后端, 以使垃圾箱 2从初 始位置进入工作位置中的第一工作位置以进行垃圾车的对接作业, 然后举 升垃圾箱 2的前端, 以使垃圾箱 2从第一工作位置进入工作位置中的第二 工作位置, 即实现垃圾箱 2的底部向后下方倾斜。
需要说明的是, 能够完成本发明技术上述技术方案的实施方式有多种, 例如, 举升油缸和连杆机构的布置方式, 连杆机构的结构等等, 为了方便 说明本发明, 在此只介绍其中的优选实施方式, 该优选实施方式只用于说 明本发明, 并不用于限制本发明。
另外, 需要说明的是, 在本发明中, 为了方便说明举升机构的设置方 式, 在本文中使用了术语: "车架", 该 "车架" 的含义包括底盘车架和为 了安装车辆上装而设置在底盘上的副车架, 而为了方便说明, 在本文中均 使用 "车架"指代底盘车架和副车架, 需要理解的是, 这种术语的使用并 不能够用于限制本发明。 例如, 在本发明的优选实施方式中, 举升机构 3 设置在副车架上。
另外, 在如图 1至图 3所示的优选实施方式中, 在垃圾箱 2在初始位 置时, 为了降低垃圾箱 2内部的污水积存在后门 23的几率, 优选地, 在初 始位置, 可以将垃圾箱 2 的底部向前下方倾斜地设置。 因此污水会产生向 前流动的趋势, 因此, 有效避免了在运输过程中, 即垃圾箱 2处于初始位 置时, 污水从后门 23泄漏的现象, 进一步提升了本发明的实用性。 其中实 现这种设置方式的技术手段有多种, 例如可以通过本发明优选实施方式中 的举升机构 3实现。 另外, 也可通过在垃圾箱 2后部设置从底部向下凸出 的支撑座, 在垃圾箱 2位于初始位置时, 该支撑座能够可拆卸地固定在车 架 1上, 从而通过向下凸出的支撑座实现垃圾箱 2的底部向前下方倾斜。 对于此类本领域技术人员能想到的设置方式, 只要在本发明的构思下, 均 落在本发明的保护范围中内。
回到本发明优选实施方式中, 为了实现本发明的目的, 在本发明提供 的举升机构 3中, 优选地, 举升油缸 33的前端 (如图 4中的缸体端) 铰接 在垃圾箱 2的前部, 后端 (如图 4所示的活塞杆端) 与连杆机构 34的前端 相连, 连杆机构 34的后端铰接在垃圾箱 2的后部。 其中, 当举升油缸 33 驱动连杆机构 34运动时, 即如图 1到图 2的向后运动时, 垃圾箱 2从初始 位置进入第一工作位置, 即通过铰接在垃圾箱 2后部的连杆机构 34举升垃 圾箱 2的后端, 使得垃圾箱 2的的后端顺时针转动以完成对接作业; 其中, 通过设计连杆机构 34的死点位置或者其他辅助的止挡件, 连杆机构 34会 在垃圾箱 2进入第一工作位置时, 使连杆机构停止向后运动, 当连杆机构 34停止运动后, 使得举升油缸 33继续工作, 此时铰接在垃圾箱 2前部的举 升油缸产生向前驱动的力, 从而将以连杆机构 34的后端为支点, 而举升垃 圾箱 2的前端, 以使得垃圾箱 2的前端逆时针转动, 从而从第一工作位置 进入第二工作位置, 即将垃圾箱 2 的底部向后下方倾斜, 以使得垃圾箱 2 内的垃圾和污水产生向后运动的趋势, 此时配合推铲 24的卸料作业, 垃圾 和污水将从打开的后门 23处有效的卸出, 以完成本发明的卸料作业。
能够实现上述工作过程中的连杆机构的设置方式有多种, 本领域技术 人员可以对其进行各种能够实现本发明目的的设计, 这些设计都应落在本 发明的保护范围内。 其中, 在本发明的优选实施方式中, 具体地, 连杆机 构 34包括第一杆 35、 第二杆 36和第三杆 37, 第一杆 35的第一端与举升 油缸 33的后端铰接, 第一杆 35的第二端铰接在车架 1上, 第二杆 36的第 一端同时与举升油缸 33的后端和第一杆 35的第一端铰接, 第二杆 36的第 二端与第三杆 37的第一端通过第八铰接点 X铰接, 第三杆 37的第二端通 过第九铰接点 Y铰接在垃圾箱 2的后部,并且第三杆 37通过位于其第一端 和第二端之间的第十铰接点 Z铰接在车架 1上。 在上述具体机构中, 需要 理解的是, 所使用的 "第一杆、 第二杆、 第三杆"只是为了方便说明连杆 机构的整体机构, 其具体使用的部件结构不一定为 "杆状", 而可以采用本 领域技术人员所能够想到的能够实现连杆机构作用的任意部件。
其中, 在如图 5所示的本发明优选实施方式中, 为了保证垃圾箱 2运 动的稳定和可靠, 连杆机构 34包括两个对称设置的第三杆 37, 为了使得该 两个第三杆 37同步运动, 优选地, 第二杆 36呈等腰三角形结构, 且该等 腰三角形结构的对称轴在车架 1上的投影与车架 1的中心轴线重合, 该等 腰三角形结构的顶角与第一杆 35的第一端铰接, 即由该顶角作为上述的第 二杆 36的第一端, 并且该等腰三角形结构的第一腰 36a和第二腰 36b分别 与该两个第三杆 37铰接, 以通过该两个腰 36a、 36b同步驱动该两个第三 杆 37, 从而实现垃圾箱 2的稳定举升和运动。 其中, 为了进一步地保证该 等腰三角形结构的稳定,可设置作为底边的连接杆 36c连接两个腰 36a、36b。 另外, 可在两个第三杆 37之间设置连接梁等结构, 以保证连杆机构 34的 结构稳定以及两个第三杆 37的运动同步。
因此, 在上述的本发明优选实施方式中, 通过将第二杆 36设置为等腰 三角形结构, 只需将一个举升油缸 33的后端与第一杆 35的第一端铰接, 举升油缸 33的前端与垃圾箱 2铰接即可完成垃圾箱 2的稳定地后端举升和 前端举升。 使得本发明提供的举升机构 33结构更加简单、 方便操作, 并能 够最大程度地保证垃圾箱 2在举升过程中的稳定。
另外, 在其他实施方式中, 在垃圾箱 2 的横向两侧分别对称设置一套 举升机构 33, 且第二杆 36为直杆, 两个油缸 33分别同步驱动相应的连杆 机构 34进行垃圾箱 2的举升, 因此同样能够在本发明的构思下完成本发明 的目的。 对于此类本领域技术人员能够想到的改变形式, 均应落在本发明 的保护范围内。
另外, 为了方便实现连杆机构 34的运动能够和垃圾箱 2的运动轨迹相 配合, 即实现在初始位置时, 垃圾箱 2 的底部向前下方倾斜; 在第一工作 位置时, 垃圾箱 2 的后端举升并完成和指定垃圾处理区域的对接; 以及在 第二工作位置时, 垃圾箱 2 的前端举升并且使其底部向后下方倾斜。 在如 图 1至图 4所示的本发明的优选实施方式中, 优选地, 车架 1上设置有限 定连杆机构 34向后运动的第一止挡件 51, 该第一止挡件 51设置在第一杆 35的后方。 以及优选地, 车架 1上设置有限定连杆机构 34向前运动的第二 止挡件 52, 该第二止挡件 51设置在第一杆 35的前方。 下面对连杆机构的 详细运动过程进行说明。
如图 1所示, 在垃圾箱 2位于初始位置时, 垃圾箱 2的底部向前下方 倾斜, 以使得垃圾箱 2 内的垃圾和污水产生向前运动的趋势, 从而使得污 水不会积存在后门 23处, 因此有效地避免了在运输过程中, 污水的从后门 的泄漏的问题。 在此状态下, 为了承受垃圾箱 2 向下的压力, 通过合理设 计连杆机构中各个杆件的关系, 垃圾箱 2的后部通过第九铰接点 Y能够将 连杆机构 34中的第一杆 35向前抵压在第二止挡件 52上, 而此时位于垃圾 箱 2前部的举升油缸 33呈现活塞杆缩回在缸体内的不工作状态, 并且该举 升油缸 33的活塞杆端与第一杆 35的第一端铰接, 从而举升油缸 33和连杆 机构 34 (即举升机构 3 ) 能够共同维持垃圾箱 2处于初始位置中, 此时位 于车架 1上的第十铰接点 Z、 第一杆 35与车架 1的铰接点以及第二止挡件 52共同承受垃圾箱 1向下的压力。
需要说明的是, 通过设计连杆机构 34向前运动的死点位置, 或者将第 二止挡件 52设置在其他能够止挡连杆机构 34向前运动的位置, 同样可以 完成上述工作状态。 另外在实际中, 在垃圾箱 2上述的初始状态时, 为了 减小垃圾箱 2在运输过程中对举升机构 3的冲击, 可以将垃圾箱 2的前端 直接抵压在车架 1上, 使得举升机构 3只需承受来自垃圾箱 2后端的压力, 从而有效降低举升机构所受的压力, 有利于提升其使用寿命, 以及垃圾箱 2 的稳定性。 诸如此类, 在本发明的构思下, 本领域技术人员可以想到的其 他方式同样落在本发明的保护范围内。
如图 2所示, 在垃圾箱 2从初始位置进入第一工作位置的过程中, 即 在举升机构 3举升垃圾箱 2的后端的过程中, 通过合理利用垃圾箱 2的重 心位置, 在油缸开始工作时, 即活塞杆伸出时, 将首先驱动连杆机构 34的 第一杆 35脱离第二止挡件 52, 并逆时针转动到抵压在第一止挡件 51上, 从而通过第二杆 36将油缸的力向后传递, 此时由于第三杆 37通过第十铰 接点 Z铰接在车架 1上, 因此, 在驱动油缸 33的作用下, 第九铰接点 Y将 以第十铰接点 Z为圆心顺时针转动, 即通过合理设计第八铰接点 X、 第九 铰接点 Y和第十铰接点 Z的位置关系,实现通过第三杆 37的第九铰接点 Y 使垃圾箱 2 的后端顺时针转动, 以完成向上举升。 从而通过设置连杆机构 34的向后运动的死点位置或第一止挡件 51的位置,使得垃圾箱 2进入第一 工作位置, 即与指定的垃圾处理区域对接, 例如与压缩式垃圾车或垃圾压 缩站对接。
需要注重强调的是, 此时第九铰接点 Y的运动轨迹为顺时针转动的弧 形, 即具有向后上方运动的弧形轨迹, 因此垃圾箱 2 的后端在顺时针转动 以向上举升的同时, 垃圾箱 2的整体也向后移动, 即垃圾箱 2可以更进一 步地接近或进入指定的垃圾处理区域, 例如压缩式垃圾车的填装器内, 使 得垃圾箱 2整体对接工作更加精确, 从而更加有效地避免在卸料过程中, 垃圾泄漏到非指定区域而造成的二次污染现象。 其中, 本领域技术人员可 以通过设计连杆机构 34尤其是第三杆 37上第八、第九和第十铰接点 X、 Y、 Ζ的位置关系而增加在垃圾箱 2后端举升的后移程度。 具体地, 在本发明的优选实施方式中, 举升机构 3包括设置在车架 1 上的第一支座 11, 以及设置在垃圾箱 2上的第二支座 25, 并且将第三杆 37 设计为三角形结构, 该三角形结构的三个角分别与第二杆 36的第二端、 第 一支座 11以及第二支座 25铰接。 更优选地, 该三角形机构为钝角三角形, 其中钝角部与第一支座铰接, 即作为第十铰接点 Z,而其他两个锐角部分别 与第二支座和第二杆 36的第二端铰接,即分别作为第八铰接点 X和第九铰 接点 Y。 因此, 相比直线杆, 该三角形结构能够至少具有以下优点:
1 ) 能够有效地提升了第三杆 37的结构强度;
2)在保证垃圾箱 2的底部在初始位置先前下方倾斜的情况下, 能够使 得垃圾箱 2的后端更靠近车架 1, 使得对接式垃圾车的更加紧凑, 从而增加 整车稳定性;
3 )通过该三角形结构,能够增加第九铰接点 Υ的举升高度和后移长度, 更加方便对接式垃圾车的垃圾箱 2的对接工作;
4) 能够改变举升垃圾箱 2后端的力臂长度, 从而加大举升垃圾箱 2后 端和举升前端所需力大小的差值。 从而能够更方便地实现本发明卸料方法 中首先进行垃圾箱 2的后端举升再进行前端举升的目的。
如图 3所示, 在垃圾箱 2从第一工作位置进入第二工作位置时, 由于 第一杆 35抵压在第一止挡件 51上, 连杆机构 34不能继续向后运动, 此时 举升油缸 33继续工作, 即活塞杆继续伸出, 此时铰接在垃圾箱 2前部的举 升油缸 33将举升垃圾箱 2的前端, 此时垃圾箱 2的前端将以连杆机构 34 中第三杆 37的第九铰接点 Υ为圆点进行逆时针转动,此时通过设置举升油 缸 33的行程能够实现垃圾箱 2的底部向后下方倾斜, BP , 使得垃圾箱 2进 入第二工作位置。 此时配合推铲 24的由前向后运动, 垃圾和污水将从打开 的后门 23处卸出垃圾箱 2, 从而进入指定的垃圾处理区域, 例如压缩式垃 圾车中。 至此本发明提供的垃圾车的卸料过程完成。 并可以在卸料完成后, 通过收缩驱动油缸, 而使得垃圾箱 2通过第一工作位置恢复到初始位置。 除了上述的工作过程之外, 在本发明提供的垃圾车还可以在不需要对 接作业时直接进行卸料作业, 此时, 本发明的垃圾箱 2可以直接进行向后 下方倾斜而完成卸料, 即本发明提供的垃圾车的垃圾箱还包括第三工作位 置, 在本发明提的举升机构 3的基础上, 举升机构 3包括可解锁的锁定件 (未图示), 该锁定件能够在初始位置时锁定连杆机构 34, 此时, 当举升油 缸 33工作时, 举升油缸 33将直接举升垃圾箱 2的前端, 使得垃圾箱 2的 前端以举升油缸 33的后端为圆心逆时针转动, 以使垃圾箱 2的底部向后下 方倾斜, 从而使垃圾箱 2从初始位置直接进入第三工作位置, 而完成卸料 工作。 虽然没有图示上述工作过程, 但是本领域技术人员能够想到多种相 应的技术方案, 例如在初始位置时, 将上述锁定件可拆卸地固定在第一杆 35的后方, 即可锁定连杆机构 34使之在举升油缸 33工作时不向后运动。 当需要连杆机构 34运动时, 只需将该锁定件拆卸即可实现对连杆机构 34 的解锁。 本发明对这种方式不做限制, 只要能够实现上述工作工程, 各种 方案均应落在本发明的保护范围内。
综上, 本发明提供的垃圾车在卸料过程中, 能够完成本发明提供的卸 料方法, 即实现第一工作位置和第二工作位置的的高位卸料, 同时也可以 进行第三工作位置的低位卸料, 并且举升机构的结构简单合理、 设计巧妙。 特别是,在本发明的进一步地优选实施方式中,通过和连杆机构 34的配合, 不仅只需要设置一个举升油缸 33 即可更加稳定地完成垃圾箱 2 的举升运 动, 结构简单紧凑、 操作方便并且可靠性高, 而且能够使得垃圾箱 2在从 初始位置运动到第一工作位置的过程中, 既能够实现后端举升还能同时实 现整体后移, 从而效果更好地完成卸料之前的对接作业, 避免垃圾洒落造 成的二次污染。 因此, 本发明提供的垃圾车的卸料方法和垃圾车均具有较 强的实用性和推广价值。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合, 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种垃圾车的卸料方法, 包括使容纳垃圾的垃圾箱从初始位置运动 到工作位置,其特征在于,所述工作位置包括第一工作位置和第二工作位置, 首先, 举升所述垃圾箱的后端, 以进入所述第一工作位置;
然后, 举升所述垃圾箱的前端, 以进入所述第二工作位置, 在所述第二 工作位置, 所述垃圾箱的底部向后下方倾斜。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的垃圾车的卸料方法, 其特征在于, 在所述初 始位置, 所述垃圾箱的底部向前下方倾斜地设置。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的垃圾车的卸料方法, 其特征在于, 在举 升所述垃圾箱的后端过程中,所述垃圾箱的后端顺时针转动并且同时所述垃 圾箱整体后移。 4、一种垃圾车,所述垃圾车包括车架(1 )、垃圾箱(2)和举升机构(3 ), 所述举升机构能够驱动所述垃圾箱(2)在所述车架 (1 )上从初始位置进入 工作位置,其特征在于,所述举升机构(3 )包括连接在一起的举升油缸(33 ) 和连杆机构 (34), 所述举升油缸 (33 ) 能够通过所述连杆机构 (34) 举升 所述垃圾箱 (2) 的后端, 以使所述垃圾箱 (2) 从所述初始位置进入所述工 作位置中的第一工作位置, 然后举升所述垃圾箱 (2) 的前端, 以使所述垃 圾箱 (2) 从所述第一工作位置进入所述工作位置中的第二工作位置。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的垃圾车, 其特征在于, 当所述垃圾箱 (2)位 于所述初始位置时, 所述垃圾箱 (2) 的底部向前下方倾斜。 6、 根据权利要求 5所述的垃圾车, 其特征在于, 在所述垃圾箱 (2) 从 所述初始位置运动到所述第一工作位置的过程中, 所述垃圾箱 (2) 的后端 顺时针转动并且同时所述垃圾箱 (2) 整体后移。 7、 根据权利要求 4-6 中任意一项所述的垃圾车, 其特征在于, 所述举 升油缸 (33 ) 的前端铰接在所述垃圾箱 (2) 的前部, 所述举升油缸 (33 ) 的后端与所述连杆机构 (34) 的前端相连, 所述连杆机构 (34) 的后端铰接 在所述垃圾箱 (2) 的后部, 当所述举升油缸 (33 ) 驱动所述连杆机构 (34) 运动时, 所述垃圾箱从所述初始位置进入所述第一工作位置, 当所述连杆机 构 (34) 停止运动后, 所述举升油缸 (33 )举升所述垃圾箱的前端, 以使得 所述垃圾箱 (2) 从所述第一工作位置进入所述第二工作位置。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的垃圾车, 其特征在于, 所述连杆机构 (34) 包括第一杆 (35 )、 第二杆 (36) 和第三杆 (37), 所述第一杆 (35 ) 的第一 端与所述举升油缸 (33 ) 的后端铰接, 所述第一杆 (35 ) 的第二端铰接在所 述车架 (1 ) 上, 所述第二杆 (36) 的第一端同时与所述举升油缸 (33 ) 的 后端和所述第一杆 (35 ) 的第一端铰接, 所述第二杆 (36) 的第二端与所述 第三杆 (37 ) 的第一端通过第八铰接点 (X) 铰接, 所述第三杆 (37 ) 的第 二端通过第九铰接点 (Y)铰接在所述垃圾箱(2) 的后部, 并且所述第三杆 ( 37 )通过位于第一端和第二端之间的第十铰接点(Z)铰接在所述车架(1 ) 上。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的垃圾车, 其特征在于, 所述连杆机构 (34) 包括两个对称设置的第三杆 (37 ), 所述第二杆 (36) 为等腰三角形结构, 该等腰三角形结构的顶角与所述第一杆 (35 ) 的第一端铰接, 并且第一腰 (36a) 和第二腰 (36b) 分别与该两个第三杆 (37) 铰接。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的垃圾车, 其特征在于, 所述举升机构 (3) 包括设置在所述车架 (1) 上的第一支座 (11), 以及设置在所述垃圾箱 (2) 上的第二支座 (25), 所述第三杆 (37) 为三角形结构, 该三角形结构的三 个角分别与所述第二杆 (36) 的第二端、 所述第一支座 (11) 以及所述第二 支座 (25) 铰接。
11、 根据权利要求 8所述的垃圾车, 其特征在于, 所述车架 (1) 上设 置有限定所述连杆机构 (34) 向后运动的第一止挡件 (51), 该第一止挡件
(51) 设置在所述第一杆 (35) 的后方。
12、 根据权利要求 8所述的垃圾车, 其特征在于, 所述车架 (1) 上设 置有限定所述连杆机构 (34) 向前运动的第二止挡件 (52), 该第二止挡件 (51) 设置在所述第一杆 (35) 的前方。
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