WO2013154412A1 - Sistema y método de control para flotilla de vehículos automatizados - Google Patents
Sistema y método de control para flotilla de vehículos automatizados Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013154412A1 WO2013154412A1 PCT/MX2012/000064 MX2012000064W WO2013154412A1 WO 2013154412 A1 WO2013154412 A1 WO 2013154412A1 MX 2012000064 W MX2012000064 W MX 2012000064W WO 2013154412 A1 WO2013154412 A1 WO 2013154412A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- devices
- vehicles
- control
- control devices
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/0011—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots associated with a remote control arrangement
- G05D1/0027—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots associated with a remote control arrangement involving a plurality of vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
- B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or train
- B61L15/0027—Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
- B61L27/04—Automatic systems, e.g. controlled by train; Change-over to manual control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
- B61L27/20—Trackside control of safe travel of vehicle or train, e.g. braking curve calculation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0287—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles involving a plurality of land vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling
- G05D1/0291—Fleet control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
- B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
- B61L25/025—Absolute localisation, e.g. providing geodetic coordinates
Definitions
- the present invention is related to the automated transport sector and more specifically relates to a system and method of intelligent control for a land transport system of people, cargo or both based on a fleet of vehicles without human drivers in an exclusive road network and with individualized service that adapts automatically to the instantaneous demand.
- patent document WO 2006/049617 describes a public transport system that includes the control of ultra-light transit vehicles, suspended in a single lane or two and operating with electricity, by means of highly distributed communications.
- the transport vehicles are suitable for transporting from one to four people.
- the system includes a plurality of lanes interconnected with main conduits and station conduits to provide uninterrupted transport from one station to another station.
- WO2003 / 035427 refers to an automated transport system that includes a plurality of vehicles adapted to travel along a track, and a surveillance system located within each vehicle and adapted to control a location and speed between an associated vehicle and the road.
- the automated transport system also includes a transmitter located within each vehicle and adapted to transmit a signal that includes data on the location and speed monitored, and a receiver located within each vehicle and adapted to receive the signal from each of the other vehicles.
- the automated transport system further includes a controller located within each vehicle and adapted to interpret the signal received by the receiver and control the associated vehicle to provide adequate space between the remaining vehicles to avoid collisions between them and maximize the performance of the vehicles along the route.
- the road network is generally fully interconnected so that a vehicle can reach from any point in the network to another point;
- the road network usually circulates many small vehicles instead of a few large vehicles, which means that they could be up to tens of thousands of vehicles in the case of an extensive network, and the separations between the vehicles can be very short, for example, less than three seconds between the front of a vehicle and the front of the vehicle that follows it;
- the intelligent control system for the transportation system be able to perform the following functions:
- control system must be able to allow vehicles from different suppliers and with different propulsion, driving and braking technologies to coexist on the same road network, without the need to redesign, reconfigure, or Repeat all tests to the entire control system when vehicles with different technologies are added, since this would be impractical and unaffordable.
- control system is characterized in that it comprises:
- DT at least one control device in each vehicle that is totally independent of the technologies and mechanisms of propulsion, driving, braking and operation of the doors implemented in the vehicle and that can be communicated with the stationary control devices;
- DM at least one control device in each vehicle that is totally independent of the stationary control devices, and that is compatible with the technologies and mechanisms for propulsion, driving, braking and operation of the doors implemented in the vehicle;
- a communication interface based on an open standard and an open protocol between the control device (s) (DT) and the control device (s) (DM);
- e a communication interface between stationary control devices and the control device (DT) characterized by a very high degree of protection against unauthorized manipulation of the information that flows through it including the use of closed communication protocols.
- Another object of the present invention is to propose a control system or method that allows automated vehicles to have differentiated acceleration, deceleration and speed behavior even in the same road network sections, in order to optimize the use of the road network in hours of operation. high demand, without jeopardizing transportation safety.
- said method is characterized in that the steps of: a) calculate and assign a profile of acceleration, speed and individual position for each vehicle passing through any section of track, by means of a control device that knows, and that in any case can order changes in the speeds and positions of the other vehicles that are in that section of track; where said profile may vary from the profiles assigned to other vehicles in that same section of track according to one or more of the following conditions: the need for future use of system resources, the current traffic conditions in that section, the times of separation between that vehicle and the vehicles that travel in front and behind, and the availability of resources shared with other vehicles, particularly the junctions in that section of track;
- step (b) transmitting the profile calculated in step (a) above to a control device in the vehicle that must execute that profile, in the form of coded instructions;
- step (b) decoding the profile and transmitting it by means of the device referred to in step (b) above to one or more control devices in the vehicle other than the device referred to in step (b), in the form of instructions based on an open communication protocol ;
- stage (c) activate propulsion, driving and braking mechanisms inside the vehicle by means of the devices referred to in stage (c) above in such a way that the acceleration, speed and actual position of the vehicle at any time agree with the profile of acceleration, speed and position calculated and assigned previously to the vehicle.
- Each installation is composed of one or more zones, and can be built in one or more stages.
- Zone A part of an installation.
- the road network is composed of one or more sections.
- Section A part of the road network of an area, which includes at least one junction of roads. Each section is composed of one or more segments.
- Segment A part (a section of track) of a section.
- Each segment has associated a speed limit and in this case a specific behavior that normally must follow any vehicle that is within that segment, for example, a certain action of the doors.
- DZ Zone control device, arranged in each zone of the road network.
- Section control device arranged in each section of the road network.
- DT vehicle task control device, installed in each vehicle.
- DM Vehicle (s) control device (s) installed in each vehicle.
- C1 Channel or means of communication through which the DS devices and the DZ device of a zone communicate between them.
- C2 Channel or means of communication through which both the DS devices and the DZ device communicate with the DT devices that are within the zone.
- C3 Channel or means of communication in each vehicle through which the DT device is communicated with the DM device (s).
- C4 Channel or means of communication through which DZ devices communicate with each other, if there is more than one DZ device.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation exemplifying the conceptual design of an installation of an individualized automated transport system.
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the intelligent control system of the automated transport system of the present invention.
- control system has the following main control devices, each with its respective sensors, actuators and software:
- Stationary control devices include:
- the DS device or devices achieve differentiated results according to the circumstances (for example, different vehicle speeds according to the traffic conditions), optimizing the operation of their part of the system (for example, the passing of the vehicles through the junctions); and achieve results that, while being different, are predictable and therefore verifiable. Likewise, the results of the tasks performed by the DS device or devices converge to achieve a greater common objective.
- mobile control devices installed in vehicles include:
- the control device (s) DT act as an interface between the vehicle and the other elements of the control system outside the vehicle; they do not know the mechanisms installed in the vehicle and their input and output signals are the same regardless of the technology and / or the mechanisms implemented in the vehicle.
- the control device (s) DT can translate the instructions issued by the stationary devices and transmit them to the mobile DM control devices. Likewise, they manage to take the vehicle to a safe state if the instructions issued by the stationary devices are not complied with and that such breach could be dangerous.
- one or more DM mobile control devices that have information about the technology implemented in the vehicle in which they are to be installed, as well as the necessary means to manipulate it and to measure the results, and that share information with the devices DT installed in the same vehicle.
- they do not know the other elements of the control system outside the vehicle; they manage to convert the instructions and / or signals emitted by the mobile devices DT into physical behaviors of the vehicle or its components; they manage to detect and / or measure the actual behavior of the vehicle or its components; and they manage to bring the vehicle to a. been safe if the actual behavior does not correspond to the required behavior and this represents a danger.
- communication means (C1, C2, C3) that, due to the nature of the system, incorporate adequate means or mechanisms to achieve the security of the information that flows between the different components of the system; wherein said communication means has the following functionalities: between stationary devices DZ and stationary devices DZ or DS, the communication means C1 carry information that is not critical for the safety of the passengers. In this case, they can include wired or wireless communication channels;
- C1 carry information that can be critical for the safety of passengers.
- wire communication channels typically include wire communication channels only, although they may include wireless communication channels adequately protected against access by third parties;
- the communication means C1 carry information that can be critical for the safety of the passengers.
- the C2 media carries information that can be critical for the safety of passengers. Typically they include only wired communication channels, shielded against access by third parties.
- the communication interface is based on open standards and protocols;
- the system can be "split", each part being (zone) as an individual system but interconnected with the neighboring parts (zones).
- the DZ control device performs the following three main functions: - First, it continuously schedules the following trips of the vehicles that are within its zone and communicates the travel plan of each vehicle to the DT device installed in that vehicle.
- the trips can be to transport people or load from one station to another as requested by users (including trips to other areas), to relocate empty vehicles within the road network (to meet the future planned demand) or to send vehicles to maintenance or energy replenishment.
- the DS control device performs the following three main functions: it regulates the speed of the vehicles, manages the right of way of the vehicles in the junctions, and maintains predefined minimum separations between the vehicles. To accomplish this, he performs the following tasks:
- the DT control device is completely independent of the mechanisms and technologies of propulsion, driving, braking and operation of vehicle doors. Its function is to act as an interface between the vehicle and the environment external to the vehicle. It exchanges information with the DZ device of the area in which the vehicle is located, the DS devices of the track sections through which the vehicle is passing, and other DT devices installed in the vehicles traveling in front of and behind the vehicle itself. Additionally, by sensors connected to the DT device, it records the absolute location of the vehicle at certain points along the track. Based on this information, the DT device instructs the DM device how the vehicle should behave at any time.
- the specific activities executed by the DT device include the following:
- the mission includes the destination and the route that the vehicle must follow to reach the destination, expressed as the list of sections through which the vehicle will pass and the lane that the vehicle must take at each fork (left or right).
- the DM control device controls the mechanisms of propulsion, driving, braking, and operation of the vehicle doors (among others). Therefore, its design is specific to a vehicle model and is completely independent of the operation of all other elements of the control system that are outside the vehicle. It only communicates with the DT device through the communication channel between them two (C3 medium). Its main function is to make the vehicle follow the behavior requested by the DT device; it also monitors the state of the propulsion, driving, etc. components, and within the limits imposed by the DT device can optimize certain performance parameters according to the vehicle manufacturer's objectives (energy consumption, comfort of the passengers, etc.). ). There are several sensors and actuators connected to the DM device, such as wheel speed sensors, position sensors of the directional mechanism, actuators to move the directional mechanism, actuators to accelerate the motor (s), actuators to apply or remove the brake , etc.
- the media are independent of the technology used.
- the means C2 through which stationary devices (DZ, DS) are communicated with mobile devices (DT), is characterized by allowing that communication at any time regardless of the location of the vehicle along the road network. It is typically done with wireless digital communication technology.
- the C2 medium is characterized by requiring physical proximity for any device to access it (separation less than 3 meters) as well as by the use of a communication protocol " closed".
- the C3 medium is characterized by requiring a physical connection for a device to access it, but it is based on a standard and an open communication protocol.
- the specification of said interface would include the specification of the communication protocol used in the C2 communication medium, which, being wireless, is more prone to unauthorized access and therefore implies a higher probability that there is a malicious manipulation of the signals and the information that flows through this interface.
- a stationary device that has responsibility for the movement of all vehicles within its control area calculates an acceleration profile, speed and position for each vehicle that enters your control area, and this profile may be different to the profile calculated for the previous vehicle and for the next vehicle, depending on the situation.
- the profile calculated for a vehicle determines its acceleration, speed and position at any time during the period of stay of the vehicle in that section and is a function of several parameters and input variables, including:
- the priority that the vehicles must have in the passage through the junction which can be a combination of fixed rules and parameters given by the DZ.
- control method of the present invention said method is characterized by comprising the steps of:
- a) calculate and assign a route to a vehicle for a trip, based on the knowledge of the road network and the distribution of current and future traffic in it; where this stage can be re-executed once the vehicle's journey has started, from the vehicle's current location to the destination, if anomalies or unforeseen saturations occur in the road network or in the stations, and it is executed by one or several DZ stationary control devices;
- this stage calculates a profile of speed and sequence of vehicle behaviors over time within a track section, based on knowledge of current and future locations and speeds of other vehicles within that same section; wherein this stage is executed by one or several stationary control devices DS at the moment of entry of the vehicle into the section; likewise, this stage can be:
- stage (b) transmitting the profile calculated in stage (b) above to the vehicle that must execute it; where this stage can be carried out in two sub-stages, the first one outside of (or towards) the vehicle using a means not necessarily standardized and / or a protocol that is not public knowledge, and the second within the vehicle itself using a standardized means and an open protocol; the transmission of the profile is made between stationary devices DS and mobile devices DT and mobile devices DM;
- the method described above can also be applied in the event that the vehicle is a single vehicle or a convoy of vehicles traveling together forming a vehicle unit with the same route and profile and, eventually, the convoy is integrated or disintegrating dynamically according to need. That is, individual vehicle trips with routes that share the same sections in the The same moments become a single journey of a temporary convoy, until the individual vehicles resume their own journeys to reach their respective destinations.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112013028739A BR112013028739A2 (pt) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-07-03 | sistema e método de controle para frota de veículos automatizados |
PCT/MX2012/000064 WO2013154412A1 (es) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-07-03 | Sistema y método de control para flotilla de vehículos automatizados |
US14/234,369 US20140180501A1 (en) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-07-03 | Control system and method for automated vehicle fleet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/MX2012/000064 WO2013154412A1 (es) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-07-03 | Sistema y método de control para flotilla de vehículos automatizados |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2013154412A1 true WO2013154412A1 (es) | 2013-10-17 |
Family
ID=49327900
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/MX2012/000064 WO2013154412A1 (es) | 2012-07-03 | 2012-07-03 | Sistema y método de control para flotilla de vehículos automatizados |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140180501A1 (es) |
BR (1) | BR112013028739A2 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2013154412A1 (es) |
Cited By (2)
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CN111762145A (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-13 | 杰克陈 | 中介代理装置、电控车辆驾驶系统及其操作方法 |
CN113485124A (zh) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-10-08 | 长安大学 | 一种考虑通信时滞的异构车辆队列稳定性控制方法及系统 |
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US9603158B1 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2017-03-21 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Optimizing communication for automated vehicles |
US10050760B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2018-08-14 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Backend communications system for a fleet of autonomous vehicles |
US10243604B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2019-03-26 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Autonomous vehicle mesh networking configuration |
US10036642B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2018-07-31 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Automated vehicle communications system |
US9432929B1 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2016-08-30 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Communication configuration system for a fleet of automated vehicles |
US9902311B2 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2018-02-27 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Lighting device for a vehicle |
US9969326B2 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2018-05-15 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Intention signaling for an autonomous vehicle |
US10775783B2 (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2020-09-15 | Kevin Lawler | System for asymmetric just-in-time human intervention in automated vehicle fleets |
US10202126B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2019-02-12 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Teleassistance data encoding for self-driving vehicles |
US10293818B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2019-05-21 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | Teleassistance data prioritization for self-driving vehicles |
EP3418844B1 (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2021-05-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus, method and computer program for a local platooning controller |
US10493622B2 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2019-12-03 | Uatc, Llc | Systems and methods for communicating future vehicle actions to be performed by an autonomous vehicle |
KR102383436B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-01 | 2022-04-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 군집주행 제어 장치 및 방법 |
CN113597589B (zh) | 2019-03-22 | 2024-05-31 | 沃尔沃卡车集团 | 用于控制车辆重复循环的方法 |
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---|---|---|---|---|
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CN113485124B (zh) * | 2021-08-11 | 2024-02-02 | 长安大学 | 一种考虑通信时滞的异构车辆队列稳定性控制方法及系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112013028739A2 (pt) | 2017-01-24 |
US20140180501A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
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