WO2013139266A1 - 含芬特明和托吡酯的联合产品及其制备方法 - Google Patents

含芬特明和托吡酯的联合产品及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2013139266A1
WO2013139266A1 PCT/CN2013/072909 CN2013072909W WO2013139266A1 WO 2013139266 A1 WO2013139266 A1 WO 2013139266A1 CN 2013072909 W CN2013072909 W CN 2013072909W WO 2013139266 A1 WO2013139266 A1 WO 2013139266A1
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Prior art keywords
release
sustained
topiramate
drug
pellets
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PCT/CN2013/072909
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李松
高春生
钟武
王玉丽
杨美燕
单利
周辛波
郑志兵
王晓奎
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中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所
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Priority to US14/386,148 priority Critical patent/US9421188B2/en
Priority to JP2015500755A priority patent/JP6166340B2/ja
Priority to EP13763543.9A priority patent/EP2829266B1/en
Publication of WO2013139266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013139266A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/357Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. crown ethers, guanadrel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13Amines
    • A61K31/135Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/137Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/4808Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate characterised by the form of the capsule or the structure of the filling; Capsules containing small tablets; Capsules with outer layer for immediate drug release
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5021Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/5036Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin
    • A61K9/5042Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. phthalate or acetate succinate esters of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • A61K9/5047Cellulose ethers containing no ester groups, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5073Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
    • A61K9/5078Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings with drug-free core
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5084Mixtures of one or more drugs in different galenical forms, at least one of which being granules, microcapsules or (coated) microparticles according to A61K9/16 or A61K9/50, e.g. for obtaining a specific release pattern or for combining different drugs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5089Processes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/06Antihyperlipidemics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12Antihypertensives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combination product comprising phentermine and topiramate and a process for the preparation thereof, and more particularly to a combination product comprising phentermine and topiramate sustained release pellets and a process for the preparation thereof.
  • Obesity refers to excessive accumulation and/or abnormal accumulation of body fat, increased body mass, and is a multi-factor chronic metabolic disease.
  • the genetic factors and the reduction of physical activity make the incidence of obesity increase year by year.
  • obesity has become a global epidemic that threatens human health, and is also closely related to hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, etc. (He Ren et al) , Adjuvant drug treatment and its research progress, Strait Pharmaceutical, 2011,
  • the drugs currently used to prevent and treat obesity are mainly appetite suppressants, especially central appetite suppressants such as amphetamine, amfepramone, phentermine, fenfluramine, sibutramine, and antidepressants. Fluoxetine in medicine, and the lipase inhibitor orlistat (trade name: Xenical). However, these drugs have different degrees of adverse reactions or side effects, such as abnormal cardiovascular system, abnormal heart valves, arrhythmia, pulmonary hypertension, abnormal respiratory system.
  • Phentermine (2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-amine, also known as phentermine) (Formula 1), is the most popular appetite suppressant developed in the United States for obese people. It has been approved by the FDA for a long time as a short-term auxiliary diet drug, which can help patients achieve weight loss by combining exercise, changing lifestyle habits and reducing calorie intake. It is a short-term modified neurotransmitter that helps people with serious weight problems correct their eating behavior and achieve permanent reshaping by changing their eating habits.
  • the currently used dosage forms are: 8mg tablets, 15mg and 30mg tablets and capsules, 18.75mg and 37.5mg tablets and capsules, 15mg and 30mg orally disintegrating tablets, And sustained release capsules of 15m g and 30m g specifications.
  • the efficacy of phentermine depends on the dose, the age, sex, physical and mental condition of the user. However, long-term use of phentermine is associated with addiction and other adverse symptoms (increased heart rate and blood pressure).
  • Topiramate 2,3,4,5-bis-0-(1-methylethylidene)-indole-D-pyranosyl sulfamate
  • Formula 2 is an FDA in 1995
  • the widely approved broad-spectrum neurotherapeutic agent has been used clinically for many years to treat certain seizure disorders and prevent migraine (E. Faught et al. (1996) Neurology 46: 1684-1690), and a large number of documents disclose topiramate.
  • diabetes US7109174B2 and
  • Topiramate is a white crystalline powder with bitter taste. It is easily soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, chloroform, dimethyl sulfoxide and ethanol. It is highly soluble in alkaline solutions such as sodium hydroxide or sodium phosphate with a pH of 9-10. Slightly soluble in water (room temperature), its solubility is only about 9.8 m g /mL, and the pH of its saturated solution is 6.3 (Physician's Desk Reference, 56.sup.th ed., pp. 2590-2595 (2002)). Topiramate has linear pharmacokinetic characteristics and can be rapidly and completely absorbed by the body in vivo.
  • the mean plasma peak concentration (Cmax) can be reached in 2 hours.
  • the blood concentration of topiramate is linear with the dose, and the oral clearance rate is low.
  • topiramate treatment window is narrow, and fluctuations in blood concentration often lead to some adverse reactions, most of which are symptoms associated with the central nervous system, such as ataxia, loss of attention, confusion, dizziness, fatigue, Paresthesia, drowsiness, and abnormal thinking (Physician's Desk Reference, 60th ed., pp 2538-2447 (2006. Therefore, in order to improve patient compliance and improve drug efficacy, topiramate is prepared in a combination of phentermine and topiramate. It is especially necessary to take a sustained release preparation once a day.
  • CN102112126 A discloses a composition comprising a low dose of immediate release phentermine and a low dose topiramate sustained release composition, the unit dosage composition comprising 3.75 mg of phentermine and 23 mg of topiramate.
  • the topiramate sustained-release composition firstly used 40% w/w of methylcellulose (Methocel A15LV, MC) as a binder to 40% w/w of topiramate and 56.5% w/w of microcrystalline cellulose (AvicelPH102).
  • the topiramate drug-loading matrix core is prepared by extrusion spheronization, and then subjected to a sustained-release coating to finally form a topiramate pellet having a controlled release effect.
  • the extrusion spheronization method is more complicated.
  • the preparation of the sustained-release pellets requires special extrusion spheronization equipment and coating equipment at the same time, which makes the preparation process cycle longer and requires the transfer of semi-finished products from one device.
  • the present invention provides a combination product comprising phentermine and sustained release topiramate.
  • the topiramate sustained release pellets are not in the drug layer. Containing adhesive, it has the advantages of good sustained release effect, simple prescription, easy operation, stable quality, strong controllability and good reproducibility.
  • the present invention includes the following aspects:
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a combination product comprising phentermine or a salt thereof, and topiramate sustained-release pellets, wherein the topiramate sustained-release pellet comprises a blank pellet core, a drug layer, and a sustained-release coating layer, It is characterized in that the drug layer does not contain a binder.
  • the drug layer comprises topiramate, which is located on the surface of the blank pellet core, and the sustained release coating layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the drug layer (for example, see Figure 4 for the structure).
  • the binder may be any binder known in the art including, but not limited to, starch syrup, syrup, polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP, such as PVP K30), Cellulose (MC), ethyl cellulose (EC), high-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (H-HPC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, One or a mixture of two or more of gum arabic.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • MC Cellulose
  • EC ethyl cellulose
  • HPMC hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
  • sodium carboxymethylcellulose gelatin
  • topiramate When topiramate is loaded with blank pellets without a binder, the drug loading time is short, the pellets have low adhesion, and the stability of topiramate is greatly increased by avoiding direct contact of topiramate with the binder.
  • sustained release coating layer comprises a sustained release material and other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, which may be any sustained release material known in the art including, but not limited to, ethyl cellulose, Eudragit. One or a mixture of two or more of NE 30D, Eudragit RS 30D, Eudragit RL30D.
  • the sustained-release coating layer may further include one or more of a plasticizer, a porogen, an anti-adhesive agent, a coloring agent, an opacifier, a fragrance, a sweetener, and the like.
  • the plasticizer includes, but is not limited to, glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, triacetin, triethyl citrate, phthalate and dibutyl sebacate, or the like, or a mixture thereof.
  • porogens include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycols, povidone, sucrose, salts, hypromellose, hypromellose, and the like, or mixtures thereof, preferably povidone (PVP K30); anti-adhesive agents include, but are not limited to, talc, magnesium stearate, micronized silica gel, and the like, or mixtures thereof, preferably talc; sunscreens include, but are not limited to, titanium dioxide, etc.; colorants include, but are not limited to, iron oxide, Iron red, carmine, lemon yellow, sunset yellow, indigo, etc.; fragrances include, but are not limited to, mint flavor, lemon flavor, orange flavor, eucalyptol, eugenol, etc.; or sweeteners including but not limited to ass Batang, vanillin, sorbitol, mannitol, artificial flavors, etc. or mixtures thereof.
  • the sustained release coating layer contains ethyl cellulose and PVPK30.
  • a sustained release coating layer comprising a combination of ethylcellulose and PVPK30 has unexpectedly good results relative to coating layers of other sustained release materials. That is, the topiramate pellets prepared by using ethyl cellulose and the porogen PVPK30 as the material for the sustained-release coating layer have better drug release stability, can ensure the drug release consistency of multiple batches of samples, and do not need to pass the package.
  • Post-clothing heat treatment produces the desired slow release effect. It not only simplifies the coating process, but also removes the influence factors of the post-coating heat treatment process on drug release.
  • the weight ratio of the ethyl cellulose to the PVPK30 is (1 : 0.20 ) ⁇ (1 : 0.45 ), for example, (1 : 0.25 ) ⁇ (1 : 0.40 ), for example, (1 : 0.30 ) ⁇ (1: 0.35).
  • the weight loss of the sustained release coating (the percentage of the sustained release material and the coated substrate, w/w) can be determined experimentally, and generally, the sustained release coating weight gain range It is 2% to 30%, for example, 3% to 20%, for example, 5% to 15%, for example, 5% to 10%, for example, 5% to 8%, for example, 6% to 8%.
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellet drug layer contains topiramate, and may further comprise other pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants, such as surfactants, disintegrants, fragrances, sweeteners, anti-sticking agents. Agent, sunscreen, etc.
  • the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, including but not limited to sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate , sodium stearyl sulphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dioctyl succinate sulfonate, sodium dihexyl succinate sulfonate, lecithin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbus Alcohol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, oxyethylene oxyethylene polymer, polyoxyethylene 40 monostearate, polyoxyethylene 50 stearate, ethylene oxide Triblock copolymer, propylene oxide triblock copolymer, sorbitan monopalmitate (Span-40), sorbitan monostearate (Span-60), monostearic acid a
  • anti-adhesive agents include, but are not limited to, talc, magnesium stearate, micronized silica gel, preferably talc
  • sunscreens include, but are not limited to, titanium dioxide, etc.
  • sweeteners include, but are not limited to, aspartame, vanillin, sorbitol, mannitol, artificial flavors and the like.
  • the drug layer of the topiramate sustained release pellets consists of topiramate.
  • the blank pellet core refers to a physiologically inactive pellet core, which may include, but is not limited to, a sugar pellet, a microcrystalline cellulose pellet, a starch pellet, or a silica pellet, etc., in one embodiment of the present invention,
  • the blank pellet core is a sugar pellet.
  • the particle diameter of the blank pellet core may be
  • the blank pellet core can be obtained from commercially available channels, and can also be obtained by a conventional method in the art such as an extrusion spheronization method or a fluidized bed method.
  • the active ingredient topiramate accounts for 10% - 50%, preferably 15% - 45%, more preferably 20% - 40% by weight of the total combined product.
  • the content of the active ingredient in the unit preparation may be from 0.1 mg to 500 mg, preferably from 1 mg to 300 mg, more preferably from 10 mg to 250 mg, most preferably from 10 mg to 50 mg, most preferably 23 mg.
  • the drug layer of the topiramate sustained-release pellet contains topiramate
  • the sustained-release coating layer uses ethyl cellulose as a sustained-release coating material
  • PVP K30 is a porogen, ethyl cellulose. The ratio of use to PVP K30 is 1: 0.20 ⁇ 1: 0.45.
  • the drug layer of the topiramate sustained-release pellet contains topiramate
  • the sustained-release coating layer uses ethyl cellulose as a sustained-release coating material
  • PVP K30 is a porogen, ethyl fiber.
  • the ratio of the prime to PVP K30 is 1: 0.20-1: 0.45, and the weight gain of the sustained release coating is 5% ⁇ 15%.
  • the blank pellet core is a sugar pellet
  • the top layer of the topiramate sustained-release pellet comprises topiramate
  • the ethylcellulose in the sustained-release coating layer is a sustained-release coating material
  • PVP K30 For the porogen, the ratio of ethyl cellulose to PVP K30 is 1: 0.20-1: 0.45, and the weight gain of the sustained release coating is 5% ⁇ 15%.
  • the blank pellet core has a particle size of
  • topiramate sustained-release pellets containing topiramate in the drug layer, ethylcellulose in the sustained-release coating layer as a sustained-release coating material, PVP K30 as a porogen, ethylcellulose and PVP ⁇ 30
  • the dosage ratio is 1: 0.25 ⁇ 1: 0.4, and the sustained release coating weight gain range is 5% - 10%.
  • the blank pellet core has a particle size of
  • topiramate sustained-release pellets drug layer using topiramate as active drug sustained-release coating layer of ethyl cellulose as a sustained-release coating material, PVP K30 as porogen, ethyl cellulose and PVP
  • the dosage ratio of ⁇ 30 is 1: 0.25 ⁇ 1: 0.4, and the weight gain of the sustained-release coating is 5%-8%.
  • the blank pellet core is a sugar pellet having a particle diameter of 610 ⁇ m to 750 ⁇
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellet drug layer is topiramate
  • the ethylcellulose in the sustained-release coating layer is a sustained-release coating material.
  • PVP K30 is a porogen, ethyl cellulose and PVP The dosage ratio of K30 is 1: 0.3-1 : 0.35, and the weight gain of the sustained-release coating is 6% ⁇ 8%.
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellets can be used once every 24 hours to achieve a good therapeutic effect, the blood concentration in the body is stable, the peak concentration can be significantly lowered, and the sustained release effect is good.
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellets of the invention have an in vitro release rate of: no more than 35% in 1 hour, 30%-60% in 4 hours, 60%-90% in 8 hours, and no less than 90% in 16 hours. ; preferably no more than 25% for 1 hour, 4 hours at
  • the preferred measurement conditions for the release of the present invention are according to the first method of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition two appendix release assay (Appendix XD) (for sustained release preparations or controlled release preparations), using the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition two appendices Dissolution test (Appendix XC)
  • the device in the second method (slurry method), using water (500ml) as the release medium, 37. C, the speed is 100 rpm, and the samples are sampled at different times.
  • the phentermine or a salt thereof is in the form of an immediate release pellet which is rapidly released after oral administration.
  • the salt of phentermine is, for example, a hydrochloride thereof, that is, phentermine hydrochloride.
  • the phentermine immediate release pellet comprises an active drug phentermine, a filler and a binder
  • the filler includes, but is not limited to, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, and sucrose.
  • binders include, but are not limited to, starch syrup, syrup, polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP, such as PVP K30), methylcellulose (MC), ethylcellulose (EC), highly substituted hydroxy Propylcellulose (H-HPC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, gum arabic, sodium alginate, and the like.
  • the phentermine pellets may further comprise other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, such as surfactants, disintegrants, fragrances, sweeteners, anti-adherents, opacifiers, plasticizers, and the like.
  • the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, including but not limited to sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate , sodium stearyl sulphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dioctyl succinate sulfonate, sodium dihexyl succinate sulfonate, lecithin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbus Alcohol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, oxyethylene oxypropylene polymer, polyoxyethylene 40 monostearate, poly
  • anti-adherents include, but are not limited to, talc, Magnesium stearate, micronized silica gel, preferably talc; sunscreen agents include, but are not limited to, titanium dioxide, etc.; fragrances include, but are not limited to, mint flavor, lemon flavor, orange flavor, eucalyptol, eugenol, etc.; Not limited to aspartame, vanillin, sorbitol, mannitol, artificial flavors, etc.; plasticizers include, but are not limited to, glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, triacetin, triethyl citrate, adjacent Phthalate and dibutyl sebacate.
  • the active ingredient phentermine accounts for 1% to 30%, preferably 2% to 20%, more preferably 3% of the total weight of the phentermine pellet. % - 15%.
  • Content of active ingredient may be in unit formulations lmg ⁇ 40mg, preferably 2mg ⁇ 35mg, more preferably 3mg ⁇ 30mg, most preferably 3.5mg ⁇ 20mg, most preferably 3.75m g - 15m g.
  • the amount or dose of phentermine refers to the amount or dose of phentermine itself, and when a salt of phentermine is used, conversion is required, for example, when the dose of phentermine is 3.75 mg, which corresponds to 4.92. Mg of phentermine hydrochloride.
  • the dissolution rate of the phentermine immediate release pellets is such that the dissolution rate in at least 30 minutes is at least 80% of the labeled amount, preferably the dissolution rate in at least 15 minutes is at least 80% of the labeled amount. Most preferably, the dissolution rate in at least 5 minutes is at least 80% of the labeled amount.
  • the phentermine immediate release pellets prepared by the invention may have a particle size of 150 ⁇ m ⁇
  • 1500 ⁇ m preferably 300 ⁇ m to ⁇ , more preferably 400 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ , most preferably 610 ⁇ m to 750 ⁇ .
  • the phentermine pellets and topiramate pellets of the present invention can be further prepared into various suitable preparations, for example, capsules can be prepared into phentermine pepoxy compound capsules, or tableted into tablets or the like.
  • a combination according to the invention is a capsule or tablet.
  • the combination product is a capsule.
  • the content of topiramate in the unit preparation may be 1 mg to 500 mg, the content of phentermine may be 1 mg to 40 mg; the content of topiramate is preferably 5 mg to 300 mg, and the content of phentermine is 2 mg to 35 mg; Topiramate The content is 10mg ⁇ 250mg, the content of phentermine is 3mg ⁇ 30mg; the most preferred topiramate content is 20mg ⁇ lOOmg, the content of phentermine is 3.5mg ⁇ 20mg; the best topiramate content is 23mg - 92mg, phentermine The content is 3.75 mg - 15 mg.
  • the unit preparation contains topazate 23m g and phentermine 3.75m g ; in another embodiment, the unit preparation contains topiramate
  • the unit preparation contains 92 mg of topiramate and 15 mg of phentermine.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of topiramate sustained release pellets in a combination according to the invention, comprising the steps of:
  • step b Take the ingredients of the slow-release coating layer and carry out the sustained-release coating of the drug-loaded pellets obtained in step a.
  • the step b includes the following steps:
  • the component of the sustained-release coating layer is dissolved in a solvent, and the drug-loaded pellet obtained in the step a is subjected to a sustained-release coating.
  • the method for preparing the topiramate sustained-release pellet comprises the following steps:
  • the solvent is water, ethanol, acetone, propylene glycol, chloroform or a mixture thereof, for example, the solvent is a mixture of water and ethanol.
  • the solvent may be a 50% aqueous solution of ethanol, a 70% aqueous solution of ethanol, or an aqueous solution of 95% ethanol.
  • the preparation process of topiramate pellets is as follows: a. taking the main drug topiramate, dissolved in an ethanol solution, and formulated to a concentration of 15-25% (w/v), preferably 20% (w/ v) of the coating solution of the drug. Take a blank pellet core and place it in fluidization In the one-step granulation coating pan, the above-mentioned upper drug coating liquid is coated with a drug under stirring to obtain a drug-loading pellet core.
  • sustained-release coating material ethyl cellulose in an ethanol solution at a concentration in the range of 3-8% (w/v), preferably in the range of 5-7% (w/v), and adding an appropriate amount of specific
  • the porogen PVP K30 is heated and dissolved under stirring, stirred, passed through a 100 mesh sieve, and atomized into a drug-loaded pellet core loaded with a topiramate active drug layer in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan. Sustained release coating.
  • the process parameters of the drug coating and the sustained-release coating in the fluidized bed can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
  • the preferred process parameters are:
  • the coating of the medicine - the inlet air temperature is 50 ⁇ 70. C (to keep the temperature inside the pot at 40 ⁇ 2.C); the inlet pressure is 0.3 ⁇ 0.5bar; the atomization pressure is 1.0 ⁇ 2.0bar; the spray rate is 5 ⁇ 15g / min.
  • the inlet air temperature is 40 ⁇ 45.
  • C maintain the temperature in the pot at 30 ⁇ 35;
  • the inlet pressure is 0.3 ⁇ 0.5bar;
  • the atomization pressure is 1.0 ⁇ 2.0bar;
  • the spray rate is 3 - 12g / min.
  • the phentermine immediate release pellets can be prepared by a conventional pellet preparation method in the art, for example, a centrifugal granulation method, an extrusion spheronization method, and a fluidized bed coating method. Wait.
  • sucrose pellet core 400 g is placed in a centrifugal granulator, and phentermine or a salt thereof is weighed into a feeder of a granulator, and the binder and other auxiliary materials are sprayed to make the powder.
  • the hook layer is deposited on the mother nucleus, the powder supply is completed, taken out, and dried, that is, the phentermine immediate release drug-loading pellets can be obtained; it can also be prepared by the following method: Weighing phentermine or its salt, with fillers and other auxiliary materials Mixing and hooking, adding adhesive to make suitable soft material, placing the soft material in the extrusion spheronizer, extruding and spheronizing, preparing the pellet to be dried and sieving, which is phentermine immediate release drug-loading pellet It can also be prepared by the following method: Weighing phentermine or its salt, and appropriate amount of binder and other auxiliary materials, and dissolving in a suitable solvent to obtain a drug-containing coating solution.
  • the blank pellet core is weighed and placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan. After the blank pellet core is in a fluidized state, the drug-containing coating solution is sprayed on the surface of the blank pellet core in a bottom spray manner, after the medicine is finished. , the material continues to fluidize for 5 minutes, and is taken out, that is, the phentermine immediate release drug-loading pellets are obtained.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the combination of the invention in the manufacture of a medicament for reducing weight, lowering blood fat, lowering blood pressure and treating psychotropic diseases.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a combination according to the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes or coronary heart disease.
  • the invention further relates to a method for achieving weight loss, hypolipidemic, hypotensive, and psychiatric disorders in a subject, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a combination of the invention.
  • the unit preparation means a physically dispersed unit suitable as a unit dose of the individual to be treated. That is, the compositions are formulated as discrete dosage units, each containing a predetermined "unit dose" of the active agent, which amount is calculated to produce the desired therapeutic effect with the desired pharmaceutical carrier.
  • sustained release pellets may also be referred to as controlled release pellets or sustained release/controlled release microspheres.
  • combined product in the present invention means a combination of phentermine or a salt thereof and topiramate
  • the combination product may be a pharmaceutical composition consisting of two active ingredients of phentermine or a salt thereof and topiramate. It may be two pharmaceutical compositions separately prepared from phentermine or a salt thereof and topiramate.
  • the two pharmaceutical compositions are respectively an immediate release preparation containing phentermine or a salt thereof, preferably an immediate release pellet; A sustained release or controlled release preparation containing topiramate, preferably a sustained release pellet.
  • the phentermine or a salt thereof and topiramate may be administered simultaneously or separately to an individual in need of treatment; Toxic ester is administered after a certain period of time; or topiramate is administered first, and phentermine or its salt is used after a certain period of time; the interval may be determined according to the pharmacological and pharmacological characteristics of the two drugs.
  • Figure 3 The release curve of the first batch of topiramate sustained-release coated pellets in Example 6 at different speeds
  • FIG. 4 Schematic diagram of the topiramate sustained-release pellets of the present invention
  • Pill dosage rate (%) (W pill total weight 1 W blank pill weight) / W raw material virginity ⁇ %
  • K ⁇ i ⁇ L (w After the coating, the total weight of the pellets - W unadhesive pellets total weight) / W After the coating, the total weight of the pellets ⁇ %
  • the degree of release of topiramate was determined by the following method unless otherwise specified.
  • the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition of the second appendix release method (Appendix XD) first method (for sustained release preparations or controlled release preparations)
  • the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition two appendix dissolution method (Appendix XC) second method (Pulp method) device
  • the rotation speed is 100 rpm, 37 e C.
  • Example 2 Coating effect of drug-containing coating solution with different solvents as solvent
  • sucrose pellets 610 ⁇ ⁇ 750 ⁇
  • the sucrose pellet core is in a fluidized state
  • the drug-containing coating solution containing different solvents as a solvent is sprayed on the surface of the blank pellet core by means of a bottom spray, and after the drug is finished, the material is at 45.
  • C continued to fluidize for 5 minutes to obtain drug-loaded pellets coated with different solvents as a solvent, and weighed. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Table 2 Results of coating of drug-containing coating solutions with different solvents as solvents
  • Dry resin 60g talcum powder 20 25 30 water 246 309 370
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellets of the coating material had a weight gain of 9.7%, 11.9%, and 13.9%, respectively.
  • the resulting topiramate sustained release pellets were at 40.
  • a 24-hour aging heat treatment was carried out in a C high temperature oven.
  • the calculated pellet adhesion was 2.8%, 2.7%, and 3.0%, respectively.
  • ethyl cellulose was dissolved in an appropriate amount of 95% ethanol, and then a proportional amount of PVP K30 was separately added and dissolved to obtain a sustained-release coating liquid.
  • sucrose pellet core 600 g of 610 ⁇ ⁇ 750 ⁇ sucrose pellet core was weighed and placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan, and the inlet air temperature was set to 55. C (to keep the temperature inside the pot at 40 ⁇ 2.C); the inlet pressure is 0.35bar; the atomization pressure is 1.5bar; the spray rate is 5 ⁇ 15g/min (adjust according to the fluidization state).
  • the sucrose pellet core is in a fluidized state, the drug-containing coating solution is sprayed on the surface of the blank pellet core by means of a bottom spray, and after the medicine is finished, the material is at 45.
  • the drug release profile of topiramate sustained-release pellets in artificial gastric juice, water and artificial intestinal fluid is basically one.
  • Because topiramate is unstable in artificial gastric juice at pH 1.2, degradation reaction occurs.
  • the artificial gastric juice release data in this experiment is the sum of the main drug topiramate and degradation products), indicating that the product can be constant in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract.
  • the release of the drug ensures that the active ingredient topiramate has a stable pharmacological effect.
  • Example 8 Effect of Different Rotating Speeds on the Release Rate of Topiramate Sustained-release Pellets
  • rotational speeds 50 rpm, 75 rpm and 100 rpm are respectively set.
  • sucrose pellets 500 g were weighed and placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan, and the inlet air temperature was set to 55. C (to keep the temperature inside the pot at 40 ⁇ 2 e C); the inlet pressure is 0.35 bar; the atomization pressure is 1.5 bar; the spray rate is 5 ⁇ 15 g/min (adjustable according to the fluidization state).
  • the sucrose pellet core is in a fluidized state, the drug-containing coating solution or suspension is sprayed on the surface of the blank pellet core by means of a bottom spray, and after the medicine is finished, the material is
  • Hypromellose 1.35 g
  • Preparation method 400g blank sucrose pellet core (0.71-0.85mm) was placed in a centrifugal granulator, and 74.7g of phentermine hydrochloride (corresponding to 60g phentermine) of 80 mesh sieve was weighed and added to the granulator.
  • Preparation method 74.7 g of phentermine hydrochloride (corresponding to 60 g of phentermine) was weighed through an 80 mesh sieve, and uniformly mixed with 400 g of microcrystalline cellulose to give 3% (w/v) hypromellose (HPMC).
  • An aqueous solution of about 13.5 mL is used as a binder to prepare a suitable soft material.
  • the soft material is placed in an extrusion spheronizer, and the extrusion speed is set at 30 rpm, the spheronization speed is 350 rpm, and the spheronization is performed.
  • the pellets obtained were at 40 min. Dry in C oven for 4h, sieve, and obtain 500 ⁇ 800 ⁇ target pellets, which is phentermine immediate release drug pellets.
  • Prescription 19 fluidized bed pellet core coating method
  • the second appendix dissolution method is the second method (Appendix XC, Pulp method), using 500 ml of water as the release medium, 37. C, the rotational speed is 50 revolutions per minute, and the amount of drug eluted at different times is measured. 5ml (supplemented with equal amount of medium) was taken at 5min, 15min, 30min, 45min, and 60min, respectively, filtered, and the filtrate was taken as the test solution.
  • High performance liquid chromatography (Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition two appendix VD), using octyl silane bonded silica as a filler, the column temperature is 35 ⁇ , 40% methanol is the mobile phase, the detection wavelength is 254nm, the flow rate is every minute 1.5ml.
  • the test solution 20 ⁇ 1 inject into the liquid crystal color meter, record the peak area of the main drug phentermine; take the phentermine reference substance, the same method, the external standard method to calculate the cumulative dissolution of the main drug phentermine at different times percentage.
  • Methyl cellulose (Methocel TM A15LV) is formulated into a suitable concentration solution as a binder to make soft materials; the soft material is placed in the extruder, a certain number of meshes and extrusion speeds are selected, and extrusion is performed.
  • Rod-shaped particles; the extruded rod-shaped particles are placed in a spheronizer, and spheronized for 3-5 minutes at a certain spheronization speed, and the obtained pellets are dried in a 40'C oven for 2 hours to obtain a topiramate-loaded pellet core.
  • a prescribed amount of ethyl cellulose and povidone (Povidone K30) was weighed and dissolved in 820 ml of 95% ethanol to prepare a sustained-release coating liquid.
  • the topiramate drug-loaded pellet core prepared above was placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan, and the inlet air temperature was set to 40 to 45. C (maintain the temperature in the pot at 30 ⁇ 35 ° C); the inlet pressure is 0.35 bar; the atomization pressure is 1.5 bar; the spray rate is 3 - 12 g / min.
  • the drug layer prepared in the first embodiment of Example 1 contained a binder, 500 g of the topiramate drug-loading pellet core of HPMC, and was placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan.
  • Example 12 The topiramate sustained-release pellets prepared in Example 12 and the phentermine pellets prepared in the prescription 19 of Example 11 were uniformly mixed according to a certain weight ratio, and the capsules were filled to make each capsule. Containing 23 mg of topiramate, containing 4.67 mg of phentermine hydrochloride (corresponding to phentermine 3.75 mg).
  • Example 15 Preparation of phentermine topiramate pellets
  • Example 13 The topiramate sustained-release pellets prepared in Example 13 and the phentermine pellets prepared in the prescription 19 of Example 11 were uniformly mixed according to a certain weight ratio, and the capsules were filled to make each capsule. Containing 23 mg of topiramate, containing 4.67 mg of phentermine hydrochloride (corresponding to phentermine 3.75 mg).
  • Example 1 Preparation of phentermine topiramate pellets
  • Example 17 Stability Study of Phentermine Topiramate Pellets
  • Example 14 The capsule samples of Example 14, Example 15, and Example 16 were placed in a sealed desiccator containing a saturated NaCl solution, and the desiccator was placed in a high temperature 60 Torr oven at the same time with high temperature and high humidity (60). Acceleration conditions of C, RH75%) were sampled at 0, 5, and 10 days, respectively.
  • the contents of the taken capsule sample were decanted, placed in a 10 mL volumetric flask, sonicated with an appropriate amount of methanol, and diluted to a mark with 5 times the amount of water to make the concentration of the main drug approximately
  • sample disclosed in the present invention (the coated drug-loaded pellet core of the topiramate drug layer without the binder, the sample of the sample 16) has better stability than the matrix-type drug-loading pellet core containing the binder in the topiramate drug layer (Example 14).
  • Sample) and coated drug-loaded pellet core (Example 15 sample) Stability results of phentermine topiramate pellets
  • Test sample The first batch of topiramate drug-loaded pellets (immediate release pellets) in Example 6 was used as a reference preparation, and the first batch of topiramate sustained-release pellets in Example 6 was used as a test preparation. The dose used was 23 mg based on the main drug topiramate.
  • Test subjects 6 Beagle dogs, half male and half female, and Beagle dogs weighed 8.97 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 05 kg.
  • Dosing regimen Six beagle dogs were randomly divided into two groups. The test preparation containing the main drug topiramate 23 mg and the reference preparation containing the main drug topiramate 23 mg were separately administered in equal doses, and the interval between the two cycles was 15 days. period. Beagle dogs were given 2 mL of blood in the leg vein at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48 h after administration, placed in heparin-treated negative pressure glass. In the tube, centrifuge at 4000 r/min for 10 min, separate the plasma, and remove about 1 mL of plasma into the EP tube. Label the test number, the random number of the Beagle dog, and the blood collection time. Place the blood sample at -20. C saves the pending analysis.
  • Plasma sample treatment Take the canine plasma ⁇ , place 1.5mL centrifuge tube, add 20 L water, add 20 L internal standard solution (500ng/mL nimesulide solution), add 0.5mL precipitant methanol, vortex 3min Centrifuge at 10 min (9500 r.pm), and aspirate the supernatant 2 ( ⁇ L, LC/MS/MS analysis according to the chromatographic conditions below, and record the color diagram.
  • Chromatographic conditions analytical column is Zorbax C8, 5 ⁇ particle size, 150 x 4.6 mm I.D., Agilent, USA; precolumn is C18 guard column, 4 x 3.0 mm I.D.
  • Mass spectrometry conditions API 3000 tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer.
  • the ion source is an atmospheric pressure ionization source (Turbo lonspray source); negative ion mode detection; the injection voltage is -4200 V; the source temperature is 450. C; atomization gas (NEB) is 8; rolling curtain gas (CUR) is 11; collision gas (CAD) is 5; scanning mode is multi-reaction monitoring (MRM), and the ion reaction for quantitative analysis is m/z 338 ⁇ m/z 78 (topiramate, CE - 55 V), m/z 307 ⁇ m/z 229 (internal standard nimesulide, CE - 20 V); scan time 150 msec.
  • Pharmacokinetic data processing Analysis of blood drug concentration data using DAS 2.0 analysis software
  • Beagle dogs were orally administered an equal dose (23 mg) of the reference preparation (the first batch of topiramate-loaded pellet core of Example 6) and the test preparation (the first batch of topiramate sustained-release pellets of Example 6) at different time points.
  • the results of the mean plasma concentration ( g / ml) are shown in Figure 5, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters are shown in Table 12.
  • Figure 5 and Table 12 show that the begicide sustained-release composition provided by the present invention (the first batch of topiramate sustained-release pellets of Example 6 containing topiramate 23m g ) and the immediate-release topiramate drug-loading pellet core (Fig. 5)
  • the first batch of topiramate-loaded pellet core of Example 6 contained 23 mg of topiramate
  • the T max was significantly prolonged
  • the C max was significantly decreased
  • the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was a reference. 92.87% of the preparation.
  • the topiramate sustained-release composition provided by the present invention can The reference preparation is bioequivalent and has a significant sustained release formulation characteristic, which greatly reduces the peak concentration and prolongs the action time.

Abstract

本发明提供了一种联合产品,其中含有芬特明速释微丸和托吡酯的缓释微丸,其中托吡酯微丸包含:a.空白丸芯;b.不含粘合剂只含托吡酯的活性药物层,该层位于空白丸芯的表面;c.含有乙基纤维素和PVP K30的缓释包衣层,该缓释包衣层位于活性药物层的外部。本发明还公开了制备该联合产品的方法。

Description

含芬特明和托吡酯的联合产品及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及含有芬特明和托吡酯的联合产品及其制备方法,特别 涉及含有芬特明、以及托吡酯的緩释微丸的联合产品及其制备方法。 背景技术
肥胖症 (obesity )是指体内脂肪堆积过多和(或) 分布异常, 体 质量增加, 是一种多因素的慢性代谢性疾病, 遗传因素、 体力活动 减少等因素使肥胖症发病率逐年攀升。 肥胖症作为一种全身内分泌 代谢疾病, 不仅已成为一种全球性的威胁人类健康的流行病, 而且 还与高脂血症、 高血压、 糖尿病、 冠心病等等有密切的联系 (何仁 等, 肥胖症的药物治疗及其研究进展, 海峡药学, 2011,
23(1) :88-90 ) 。 因此, 对肥胖症进行预防和治疗是非常重要的, 目 前预防和治疗肥胖症的措施主要有饮食治疗、 运动治疗、 药物治疗 以及手术等。 对于轻度肥胖患者, 通过控制饮食和增加体育锻炼是 有效的; 但对于中度以上肥胖患者, 减肥是一个长期的过程, 单靠 饮食和运动疗法往往不能完全解决问题, 在此情况下, 药物疗法是 必要的。
目前用于预防和治疗肥胖症的药物主要是食欲抑制剂, 特别是 中枢食欲抑制剂, 如苯丙胺、 安非拉酮、 苯丁胺、 芬氟拉明明、 西 布曲明 ( Sibutramine ) 以及抗抑郁药物中的氟西汀等, 还有脂肪酶 抑制剂奥利司他 (商品名为赛尼可) 等。 然而上述药物均有不同程 度的不良反应或毒副作用, 比如心血管系统异常、 心脏瓣膜异常、 心律不齐、 肺动脉高压、 呼吸系统异常等。
芬特明 ( Phentermine ) ( 2-甲基 -1-苯基 -2-胺, 又称苯丁胺) (式 1 ) , 是一种针对肥胖者开发的在美国最收欢迎的食欲抑制剂, 很长时间被 FDA批准作为短期辅助性减肥药, 配合运动、 改变生活 习惯和减少热量摄入等方式使患者达到减肥效果。 它是一种短期修 正神经递质剂, 帮助存在严重体重问题的人纠正饮食行为, 并通过 改变饮食习惯实现永久性重塑体形的目的。 目前临床上使用的剂型 有: 8mg规格的片剂, 15mg和 30mg规格的片剂和胶囊, 18.75mg 和 37.5mg规格的片剂和胶囊, 15mg和 30mg规格的口腔崩解片, 以及 15mg和 30mg规格的緩释胶囊等。 芬特明的疗效取决于剂量, 服用者的年龄, 性别, 生理和精神状况等多种因素。 但长期使用芬 特明存在上瘾和其他一些不良症状 (增加心率和血压) 的危险。
Figure imgf000003_0001
托吡酯( topiramate ) ( 2,3,4,5-双 -0-(1-甲基亚乙基 ) -卩 -D-吡喃 果糖氨基磺酸酯)(式 2 ) , 是一个由 FDA于 1995年批准的广谱神 经治疗剂, 临床上已应用多年, 用于治疗某些癫痫发作病症和预防 偏头痛 (E. Faught等 ( 1996 ) Neurology 46: 1684-1690 ) , 还有大 量文献公开了托吡酯在治疗糖尿病(US7109174B2和
US6362220B1) , 神经功能障碍(US6908902B2)、 抑郁症
(US6627653B2) , 精神病(US6620819B2)、 头痛(US6319903B1)和高 血压(US OIOIOBI)等方面具有 艮好的疗效。
Figure imgf000003_0002
托吡酯为白色晶体粉末, 有苦味, 易溶于丙酮, 氯仿, 二甲亚 砜和乙醇等有机溶剂, 极易溶于氢氧化钠或磷酸钠等 pH值为 9-10 的碱性溶液中, 极微溶于水(室温) , 其溶解度只有约 9.8 mg/mL, 其饱和溶液的 pH值为 6.3 ( Physician's Desk Reference, 56.sup.th ed., pp. 2590-2595 (2002) ) 。 托吡酯具有线性药物动力学特征, 在 体内可迅速、 完全地被机体吸收。 健康受试者口服 400mg后, 可在 2小时达到平均血浆峰值浓度(Cmax)。在日剂量 100mg-800mg范围 内, 托吡酯的血药浓度与剂量呈线性关系, 口服清除率较低
( 22-36ml/min ) , 血浆半衰期较长 ( 19-25h ) 。 在 0·5-250μιη/ιη1 血浆浓度范围内, 托吡酯与人体血浆蛋白结合率为 15-41 %, 且随血 浆浓度的增大而降低。
最近发现联合使用低剂量的托吡酯和低剂量的苯丁胺能有效治 疗肥胖症, 且不良反应小。 该复方制剂 (3.75mg芬特明 /23mg托吡 酯)在两项分别名为 EQU IP和 CONQUER的 ΠΙ期临床试验中均达 到主要考察指标的预期, 与安慰剂相比, 其可显著降低患者体重, 更重要的是, 该复方制剂显示出良好的安全性, 未见该药导致 QT 延长, 对认知和心理功能也无影响, 试验中亦未见致畸病例, 不良 反应仅仅为口干及手指和脚趾发麻,多喝水可减轻这些不良反应(药 学进展, 2009, 33(12) :576-577 )
托吡酯治疗窗较窄, 因血药浓度的波动经常会导致一些不良反 应的发生, 多数表现为与中枢神经系统相关的症状, 如, 共济失调、 注意力受损、 意识模糊、 头晕、 疲劳、 感觉异常、 嗜睡和思维异常 等 (Physician's Desk Reference, 60th ed., pp 2538-2447(2006 。 因 此, 为了提高患者依从性和改善药物功效, 在芬特明和托吡酯的組 合物中, 将托吡酯制备成一天服药只需一次的緩释制剂显得尤为必 要。
CN102112126 A公开了一种組合物, 包含低剂量的速释苯丁胺 和低剂量托吡酯的緩释組合物,单位剂量的組合物含有 3.75mg的苯 丁胺和 23mg的托吡酯。 其中, 托吡酯緩释組合物首先用 3.5%w/w 的甲基纤维素 ( Methocel A15LV , MC ) 为粘合剂将 40%w/w的托 吡酯和 56.5%w/w的微晶纤维素( AvicelPH102 )通过挤出滚圆法制 备成托吡酯载药基质核心, 然后进行緩释包衣, 最终形成具有控释 作用的托吡酯小球。 然而, 采用挤出滚圆的方式工艺较复杂, 完成 緩释微丸的制备既需要特殊的挤出滚圆设备,又同时需要包衣设备, 使得制备生产过程周期较长, 需要将半成品从一个装置转移到另一 个装置, 而且采用骨架和包衣两种方式来控制药物的释放速度, 加 大了药物释放特征的不确定性。
因此, 现有技术中仍需要一种制备方法简便、 释药理想、 稳定 性高、 释药一致性好的含芬特明和緩释托吡酯的联合产品。 发明内容
经大量创造性研究,本发明提供了一种含芬特明和緩释托吡酯 的联合产品, 与现有技术相比,这种托吡酯緩释微丸在药物层中不 含粘合剂, 具有緩释效果佳、 处方简单、 易操作、 质量稳定、 可控 性强、 重现性好等优点。 具体地, 本发明包括以下几个方面:
本发明的一个方面提供了一种联合产品, 其含有芬特明或其盐、 以 及托吡酯緩释微丸,其中所述托吡酯緩释微丸包括空白丸芯、药物层 和緩释包衣层, 其特征在于, 所述药物层中不含有粘合剂。
其中, 药物层包含托吡酯, 位于空白丸芯的表面, 緩释包衣层 包裹在药物层的外表面 (其结构例如可参见图 4 )。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中所述粘合剂可以为本领域公知的任何粘 合剂,其包括但不限于淀粉浆、糖浆、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(聚维酮, PVP, 如 PVP K30 )、 甲基纤维素 (MC )、 乙基纤维素(EC )、 高取代度的 羟丙基纤维素 (H-HPC )、 羟丙基甲基纤维素 (HPMC )、 羧甲基纤 维素钠、 明胶、 阿拉伯胶中的一种或两种以上的混合物。 在不含粘 合剂对空白微丸进行托吡酯载药时, 载药时间短, 小丸粘连度低, 而且, 由于避免了托吡酯与粘合剂直接接触, 大大增加了托吡酯药 物的稳定性。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中緩释包衣层包括緩释材料和其它药 用辅料, 所述緩释材料可以为本领域公知的任何緩释材料, 其包括 但不限于乙基纤维素、 Eudragit NE 30D、 Eudragit RS 30D , Eudragit RL30D中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
根据本发明的联合产品,所述緩释包衣层还可以进一步包括增塑剂、 致孔剂、 抗粘剂、 着色剂、 遮光剂、 芳香剂、 甜味剂等中的一种或 数种。 其中, 所述增塑剂包括但不限于甘油、 丙二醇、 聚乙二醇、 三醋酸甘油酯、 枸橼酸三乙酯、 邻苯二甲酸酯和癸二酸二丁酯等或 它们的混合物, 优选三醋酸甘油酯; 致孔剂包括但不限于聚乙二醇 类、 聚维酮、 蔗糖、 盐类、 羟丙甲纤维素、 羟丙甲纤维素等或它们 的混合物, 优选聚维酮 (PVP K30 ); 抗粘剂包括但不限于滑石粉、 硬脂酸镁、 微粉硅胶等或它们的混合物, 优选滑石粉; 遮光剂包括 但不限于二氧化钛等; 着色剂包括但不限于铁黄、 铁红、 胭脂红、 拧檬黄、 日落黄、 靛蓝等; 芳香剂包括但不限于薄荷香精、 拧檬香 精、 桔子香精、 桉叶醇、 丁香醇等; 或甜味剂包括但不限于阿司巴 甜、 香兰素、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 人造香精等或它们的混合物。
在本发明的一个实施方案中, 所述緩释包衣层中含有乙基纤维素和 PVPK30。
发明人在经过大量的实验后发现,针对以上的托吡酯载药小丸, 采用含有乙基纤维素和 PVPK30組合的緩释包衣层, 相对于其他的 緩释材料的包衣层, 具有意想不到的良好效果。 即, 采用乙基纤维 素和致孔剂 PVPK30作为緩释包衣层材料所制备的托吡酯微丸具有 更好的释药稳定性, 能够保证多批样品的释药一致性, 而且不需要 经过包衣后热处理即能产生预期的緩控释效果。 不仅简化了包衣工 艺, 还去除了包衣后热处理工艺对药物释放的影响因素。
优选地,其中所述乙基纤维素和 PVPK30的重量比例为( 1 : 0.20 ) ~ ( 1 : 0.45 ) , 例如为 ( 1 : 0.25 ) ~ ( 1 : 0.40 ) , 例如为 ( 1 : 0.30 ) ~ ( 1 : 0.35 ) 。
根据本发明的联合产品,其中所述緩释包衣增重(緩释材料与包衣 底物的用量百分比, w/w ) 范围可以根据实验确定, 一般来讲, 緩 释包衣增重范围为 2% ~ 30%, 例如为 3%-20%, 例如为 5%-15%, 例如为 5%-10%, 例如为 5%-8%, 例如为 6%-8%。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中所述托吡酯緩释微丸药物层含有托吡 酯, 还可以进一步包含其他药学可接受辅料, 例如可以是表面活性 剂、 崩解剂、 芳香剂、 甜味剂、 抗粘剂、 遮光剂等。 其中, 所述的 表面活性剂包括阴离子型表面活性剂、 阳离子型表面活性剂、 两性 离子型表面活性剂及非离子表面活性剂, 包括但不限于十二烷基硫 酸钠、 十六醇硫酸钠、 十八醇硫酸钠、 十二烷基苯磺酸钠、 二辛基 琥珀酸酯磺酸钠、 二已基琥珀酸磺酸钠、 卵磷脂、 脱水山梨醇脂肪 酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙 烯脂肪醇醚、 氧乙烯氧两烯聚合物、 聚氧乙烯 40单硬脂酸酯、 聚氧 乙烯 50硬脂酸酯、环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物、环氧丙烷三嵌段共聚物、 去水山梨糖醇单棕榈酸酯(司盘 -40)、 脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯(司盘 -60)、 单硬脂酸甘油酯、 聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯等或它们的混合物; 所 述崩解剂包括但不限于微晶纤维素、 低取代羟丙基纤维素钠, 交联 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 羧甲基淀粉钠、 预胶化淀粉、 海藻酸、 淀粉、 泡 腾崩解剂等或它们的混合物; 抗粘剂包括但不限于滑石粉、 硬脂酸 镁、 微粉硅胶, 优选滑石粉; 遮光剂包括但不限于二氧化钛等; 芳 香剂包括但不限于薄荷香精、 拧檬香精、 桔子香精、 桉叶醇、 丁香 醇等; 或甜味剂包括但不限于阿司巴甜、 香兰素、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 人造香精等。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,其中所述托吡酯緩释微丸的药物层由 托吡酯組成。 在本发明中, 空白丸芯是指无生理活性的丸芯, 可以包括但不限 于糖丸、 微晶纤维素丸、 淀粉丸、 或二氧化硅丸等, 在本发明的一 个实施方案中, 所述空白丸芯是糖丸。 所述空白丸芯的粒径可以为
150μιη ~ 1500μιη, 例如为 250-1000μιη, 例如为 300-900μιη, 例如为 400-850μιη,例如为 610-750μιη。该空白丸芯可以从市售的渠道购得, 还可以采用挤出滚圆法、 流化床法等本领域常规的方式制得。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中托吡酯緩释微丸中, 活性成份托吡 酯占总联合产品重量的 10% - 50% ,优选 15% - 45% , 更优选 20% - 40%。单位制剂中活性成分的含量可以是 0.1mg ~ 500mg,优选 lmg ~ 300mg, 更优选 10mg ~ 250mg, 最优选 10mg ~ 50mg, 最佳是 23mg。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方式中, 托吡酯緩释微丸的药物层 含有托吡酯,緩释包衣层采用乙基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP K30 为致孔剂, 乙基纤维素和 PVP K30的用量比为 1 : 0.20~1: 0.45。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方式中, 托吡酯緩释微丸的药物 层含有托吡酯, 緩释包衣层采用乙基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP K30为致孔剂 , 乙基纤维素和 PVP K30的用量比为 1 : 0.20-1 : 0.45 , 緩释包衣增重范围为 5% ~ 15%。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方式中, 空白丸芯为糖丸, 托吡 酯緩释微丸的药物层中包含托吡酯, 緩释包衣层中乙基纤维素为緩 释包衣材料, PVP K30为致孔剂, 乙基纤维素和 PVP K30的用量比 为 1 : 0.20-1 : 0.45, 緩释包衣增重范围为 5% ~ 15%。
在本发明的又一个优选的实施方式中, 空白丸芯为粒径为
610μιη ~ 750μιη的糖丸, 托吡酯緩释微丸药物层中包含托吡酯, 緩 释包衣层中乙基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP K30为致孔剂, 乙基 纤维素和 PVP Κ30的用量比为 1 : 0.25~1: 0.4, 緩释包衣增重范围 为 5% - 10%。
在本发明的又一个优选的实施方式中, 空白丸芯为粒径为
610μιη ~ 750μιη的糖丸, 托吡酯緩释微丸药物层采用托吡酯作为活 性药物, 緩释包衣层中乙基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP K30为致 孔剂, 乙基纤维素和 PVP Κ30的用量比为 1 : 0.25~1: 0.4, 緩释包 衣增重范围为 5% - 8%。
在本发明的一个特别实施例中, 空白丸芯为粒径为 610μιη ~ 750μιη的糖丸, 托吡酯緩释微丸药物层为托吡酯, 緩释包衣层中乙 基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP K30为致孔剂, 乙基纤维素和 PVP K30的用量比为 1 : 0.3-1 : 0.35, 緩释包衣增重范围为 6% ~ 8%。 根据本发明的联合产品,其中的托吡酯緩释微丸 24小时服用一 次就可以达到良好的治疗效果, 体内血药浓度平稳, 能显著降低峰 浓度, 具有良好的緩释效果。 本发明的托吡酯緩释微丸, 体外释放 度为: 1小时不超过 35%, 4小时在 30%-60%之间, 8小时在 60%-90% 之间, 16小时不低于 90%; 优选 1小时不超过 25%, 4小时在
35%-55%之间, 8小时在 60%-85%之间, 16小时不低于 90%; 最 优选 1小时不超过 25%, 4小时在 35%-55%之间, 8小时在 65%-85% 之间, 16小时不低于 90%。
本发明的释放度优选的测定条件为,照中国药典 2010年版二部 附录释放度测定法(附录 X D)第一法(用于緩释制剂或控释制剂), 采 用中国药典 2010年版二部附录溶出度测定法 (附录 X C ) 第二法 (浆法) 中的装置, 以水 ( 500ml ) 为释放介质, 37。C, 转速为每 分钟 100转, 于规定的不同时间取样分析。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中所述芬特明或其盐的剂型为速释 微丸, 口服后能迅速释放。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中所述的芬特明的盐例如为其盐酸 盐, 即盐酸芬特明。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中所述的芬特明速释微丸中, 包含 活性药物芬特明、 填充剂和粘合剂, 所述填充剂包括但不限于微晶 纤维素, 乳糖, 蔗糖等; 粘合剂包括但不限于淀粉浆、 糖浆、 聚乙 烯吡咯烷酮 (聚维酮, PVP, 如 PVP K30 ) 、 甲基纤维素 (MC ) 、 乙基纤维素 (EC ) 、 高取代度的羟丙基纤维素 (H-HPC ) 、 羟丙基 甲基纤维素 (HPMC ) 、 羧甲基纤维素钠、 明胶、 阿拉伯胶、 海藻 酸钠等。 芬特明微丸中还可以进一步包含其他药学可接受辅料, 例 如可以是表面活性剂、 崩解剂、 芳香剂、 甜味剂、 抗粘剂、 遮光剂、 增塑剂等。 其中, 所述的表面活性剂包括阴离子型表面活性剂、 阳 离子型表面活性剂、 两性离子型表面活性剂及非离子表面活性剂, 包括但不限于十二烷基硫酸钠、 十六醇硫酸钠、 十八醇硫酸钠、 十 二烷基苯磺酸钠、 二辛基琥珀酸酯磺酸钠、 二已基琥珀酸磺酸钠、 卵磷脂、 脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、 聚 氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、 氧乙烯氧丙烯聚合物、 聚氧 乙烯 40单硬脂酸酯、 聚氧乙烯 50硬脂酸酯、 环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物、 环氧丙烷三嵌段共聚物、 去水山梨糖醇单棕榈酸酯(司盘 -40)、 脱水 山梨醇单硬脂酸酯(司盘 -60)、 单硬脂酸甘油酯、 聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯 等或它们的混合物; 所述崩解剂包括但不限于微晶纤维素、 低取代 羟丙基纤维素钠, 交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 羧甲基淀粉钠、 预胶化淀 粉、 海藻酸、 淀粉、 泡腾崩解剂等或它们的混合物; 抗粘剂包括但 不限于滑石粉、 硬脂酸镁、 微粉硅胶, 优选滑石粉; 遮光剂包括但 不限于二氧化钛等; 芳香剂包括但不限于薄荷香精、 拧檬香精、 桔 子香精、 桉叶醇、 丁香醇等; 甜味剂包括但不限于阿司巴甜、 香兰 素、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 人造香精等; 增塑剂包括但不限于甘油、 丙 二醇、 聚乙二醇、 三醋酸甘油酯、 枸橼酸三乙酯、 邻苯二甲酸酯和 癸二酸二丁酯等。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中所述的芬特明速释微丸中, 活性 成份芬特明占芬特明微丸总重量的 1%~ 30%, 优选 2%~20%, 更 优选 3% - 15%。 单位制剂中活性成分的含量可以是 lmg~ 40mg, 优选 2mg~ 35mg, 更优选 3mg~ 30mg, 最优选 3.5mg ~ 20mg, 最 佳是 3.75mg - 15mg。所述芬特明的量或剂量是指芬特明本身的量或 剂量, 当使用芬特明的盐时, 需要进行换算, 例如, 当芬特明的剂 量是 3.75mg时, 其对应于 4.92mg的盐酸芬特明。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其中所述的芬特明速释微丸的溶出速 度为, 30分钟溶出度至少为标示量的 80%以上, 优选为 15分钟溶 出度至少为标示量的 80%以上; 最优选为 5分钟溶出度至少为标示 量的 80%以上。
本发明所制备的芬特明速释微丸, 粒径可以是 150μιη~
1500μιη, 优选 300μιη ~ ΙΟΟΟμιη, 更优选 400μιη ~ 850μιη, 最优选 610μιη ~ 750μιη。
本发明的芬特明微丸和托吡酯微丸可以进一步制备成各种适宜 的制剂, 例如可以装胶囊制备成芬特明托吡酯复方胶囊剂, 或者压 片制成片剂等。
根据本发明的联合产品, 其为胶囊剂或片剂。 在本发明的一个实 施方案中, 所述联合产品为胶囊剂。
根据本发明的联合产品, 单位制剂中托吡酯的含量可以是 lmg~ 500mg, 芬特明的含量可以是 lmg ~ 40mg; 优选托吡酯的含 量为 5mg~ 300mg, 芬特明的含量为 2mg ~ 35mg; 更优选托吡酯 含量为 10mg ~ 250mg , 芬特明的含量为 3mg ~ 30mg; 最优选托吡 酯含量为 20mg ~ lOOmg , 芬特明的含量为 3.5mg ~ 20mg; 最佳的 托吡酯含量为 23mg - 92mg , 芬特明的含量为 3.75mg - 15mg。
在本发明的一个实施方式中, 单位制剂中含有托吡酯 23mg, 芬特明 3.75mg; 在另一个实施方式中, 单位制剂中含有托吡酯
46mg , 芬特明 7.5mg; 在又一个实施方式中, 单位制剂中含有托 吡酯 92mg, 芬特明 15mg。 本发明的另一方面涉及本发明所述的联合产品中托吡酯緩释微丸的 制备方法, 其包括以下步骤:
a.取药物层的成分, 加入适量溶剂溶解, 取该药液对空白丸芯 进行包衣上药, 得到载药小丸;
b. 取緩释包衣层的成分,对步骤 a获得的载药小丸进行緩释包 衣。
根据本发明的制备方法, 其中步骤 b包括以下步骤:
取緩释包衣层的成分, 溶解于溶剂中,对步骤 a获得的载药小 丸进行緩释包衣。
在本发明的实施方案中,所述托吡酯緩释微丸的制备方法包括 以下步骤:
a. 取托吡酯以及任选的药物层其他辅料, 加入适量溶剂, 在 搅拌状态下加热溶解, 取空白丸芯置于流化床一步制粒包衣锅中, 将上述药液在搅拌状态下进行上药包衣, 得到载药微丸;
b. 将緩释包衣材料以及任选的緩释包衣层其他辅料溶解于溶 剂中, 在搅拌状态下加热溶解, 搅勾, 过 100目歸, 即得緩释包衣 液;
c 取上述载药微丸, 在流化床中将緩释包衣溶液喷雾于载药 小丸表面, 得到托吡酯緩释微丸。
根据本发明的制备方法, 其中所述溶剂为水、 乙醇、 丙酮、 丙 二醇、 氯仿或它们的混合物, 例如所述溶剂为水和乙醇的混合物。 例如, 可以是 50%乙醇水溶液、 70%乙醇水溶液、 95%乙醇水溶 液。
在本发明的一个具体实施方式中,托吡酯微丸的制备工艺如下: a. 取主药托吡酯, 用乙醇溶液溶解, 配制成浓度为 15-25% ( w/v ) 、 优选 20% ( w/v ) 的上药包衣溶液。 取空白丸芯置于流化 床一步制粒包衣锅中, 将上述上药包衣液在搅拌状态下进行上药包 衣, 得载药丸芯。
b. 将緩释包衣材料乙基纤维素溶于乙醇溶液, 其浓度在 3-8% ( w/v ) 范围内, 优选为 5-7% ( w/v ) 范围内, 并加入适量特定的致 孔剂 PVP K30 , 在搅拌状态下加热溶解, 搅勾, 过 100目筛, 将其 雾化喷入流化床底喷包衣锅中的载有托吡酯活性药物层的载药丸芯 上进行緩释包衣。
在流化床内上药包衣以及緩释包衣的工艺参数可以根据实际情 况进行调整, 优选的工艺参数为:
上药包衣 -进风温度为 50 ~ 70。C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2。C ) ; 进风压力为 0.3 ~ 0.5bar; 雾化压力为 1.0 ~ 2.0bar; 喷液速率为 5 ~ 15g/min。
緩释包衣 -进风温度为 40 ~ 45。C (使锅内温度保持在 30 ~ 35 ); 进风压力为 0.3 ~ 0.5bar; 雾化压力为 1.0 ~ 2.0bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。
在本发明中, 所述芬特明速释微丸可采用本领域常规的微丸制 备方法进行制备, 例如, 可采用离心制粒法、 挤出滚圆法、 以及流 化床上药包衣法等。
具体地, 可采用以下方法制备: 将 400g空白蔗糖丸芯置于离心 造粒机中, 称取芬特明或其盐加到造粒机的饲料器中, 喷洒黏合剂 和其他辅料使药粉均勾层积于母核上, 供粉完毕, 取出, 干燥, 即 得芬特明速释载药微丸; 还可以采用以下方法制备: 称取芬特明或 其盐, 与填充剂及其他辅料混合均勾, 加入黏合剂制得适宜的软材, 将软材置于挤出滚圆机内, 挤出滚圆, 制得的微丸干燥, 筛分, 即 为芬特明速释载药微丸; 也可以采用以下方法制备: 称取过芬特明 或其盐, 和适量黏合剂及其他辅料, 用适宜的溶剂溶解, 得含药包 衣溶液。 称取空白丸芯, 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 在空白丸芯处 于流化状态下,将含药包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面, 上药结束后, 物料继续流化 5分钟, 取出, 即得芬特明速释载药微 丸。
本发明还涉及本发明的联合产品在制备减肥、降血脂、降血压 和治疗精神神经疾病的药物中的用途。
本发明还涉及本发明的联合产品在制备治疗高脂血症、 高血 压、 糖尿病或冠心病的药物中的用途。 本发明还涉及用于实现受试者减肥、降血脂、降血压和治疗精 神神经疾病的方法,其包括给予有需要的受试者治疗有效量的本发 明的联合产品。
在本发明中, 所述单位制剂是指物理上分散的单元,适合作为 待治疗个体的单位剂量。 即, 所述組合物配制为分散的剂量单位, 各含有预定的 "单位剂量"的量的活性剂,所述量计算为与所需的药 用载体一起产生期望的治疗效应。
在本发明中, 所述緩释微丸也可称为控释微丸或者緩释 /控释 微球。
本发明中术语 "联合产品,,是指将芬特明或其盐和托吡酯联合应用, 该 联合产品可以是由芬特明或其盐和托吡酯两种活性成分組成的一种药物組 合物,也可以是由芬特明或其盐和托吡酯分别制成的两种药物組合物。优选 地,两种药物組合物分别为:含有芬特明或其盐的速释制剂,优选速释微丸; 含有托吡酯的緩释或控释的制剂,优选緩释微丸。该联合产品中,所述的芬 特明或其盐以及托吡酯可以同时或分开施用到需要治疗的个体中;或者先施 用芬特明或其盐, 间隔一定时间后再施用托吡酯; 或者先施用托吡酯, 间隔 一定时间后再使用芬特明或其盐; 所述间隔时间可根据两种药物的药理 学和药代学特点确定。 附图说明
图 1 实施例 6中三批托吡酯緩释包衣微丸在水中的释放度曲 线
图 2 实施例 6中第一批托吡酯緩释包衣微丸在不同释放介质 中的释放度曲线
图 3 实施例 6中第一批托吡酯緩释包衣微丸在不同转速条件 下的释放度曲线
图 4 本发明的托吡酯緩释微丸结构示意图
图 5 托吡酯緩释微丸体内血药浓度曲线
图 6 芬特明微丸的溶出曲线 具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述, 但是本领域技 术人员将会理解, 下列实施例仅用于说明本发明, 而不应视为限定本发明 的范围。 实施例中未注明具体条件者, 按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件 进行。 所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者, 均为可以通过市购获得的常规 产品。 以下具体方式中除非特别指出, 否则所得参数均按下式计算: 微丸上药率 ( % ) = ( W微丸总重重 一 W 空白丸芯重 ) / W原料药用 童 χΐοο %
(%)=(W緩释包衣后微丸总重童― W緩释包衣前微丸总重童) / W緩释包衣后微丸总重童 xl 00 %
K ^i^ L=(w包衣后微丸总重童 ― W未粘连微丸总重童) / W 包衣后微丸总 重童 χΐοο %
在本发明的实施例中, 除非特别指出, 均采用以下方法测定托 吡酯的释放度。 按中国药典 2010年版二部附录释放度测定法(附录 X D)第一法(用于緩释制剂或控释制剂),采用中国药典 2010年版二 部附录溶出度测定法(附录 X C)第二法(浆法)装置, 以水 ( 500ml ) 为释放介质, 转速为每分钟 100转, 37 eC。 于规定时间取样 5ml (同 时补充等量介质), 滤过, 取续滤液为供试品溶液。 采用高效液相色 谱法 (中国药典 2010版二部附录 VD ) , 用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为 填充剂, 柱温为 35'C, 50%甲醇为流动相, 示差检测器, 流速为每 分钟 1.5ml。 取供试品溶液 200μ1, 注入液相色讲仪, 记录主药托吡 酯的峰面积; 另取托吡酯对照品, 同法测定, 外标法计算不同时间 药物的累积释放百分率。 含粘合剂与不含粘合剂的含药溶液的上药包衣比较 处方:
托吡酯 粘合剂 ( g ) 50% 乙 醇 处方
( g ) HPMC PVP HPC 不含粘合剂 ( ml )
1 230 6.9g ― ― -- 1150
2 230 ― 6.9g ― -- 1150
3 230 ― ― 6.9g -- 1150
4 230 ― ― ― -- 1150 制备方法:
称取 230g托吡酯原料 4份,分别加 50%乙醇适量,在 40。C -50。C 加热状态下搅拌, 溶解; 再分别称取 HPMC(E5)、 PVP K30, HPC 各 6.9g, 依次加入第一份、 第二份、 和第三份溶液中, 第四份不加 粘合剂,在 40。C -50。C加热状态下搅拌,溶解,加 50%乙醇至 1150ml, 即得含不同粘合剂的含药包衣溶液。
称取 500g蔗糖丸芯 ( 610μιη ~ 750μιη ) , 置于流化床底喷包 衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 55。C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2。C ) ; 进风 压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 ~ 15g/min (根 据流化状态随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将含药包衣 溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面,上药结束后,物料于 45。C继 续流化 5分钟,得到含不同粘合剂的载药小丸,称重, 结果见表 1。 含粘合剂与不含粘合剂的含药溶液的上药包衣结果 考 标 处方 1 处方 2 处方 3 处方 4
粘连度 (%) 7.8 3.7 5.5 2.1
上药时间(min) 71 62 68 54
微丸上药率(% ) 94.2 93.7 95.1 95.4 实施例 2 以不同溶剂为溶媒的含药包衣溶液的上药包衣结 果
称取 230g托吡酯原料 4份,分别加适量的 50%乙醇、 70%乙醇、 95%乙醇、 以及无水乙醇, 在 40。C -50。C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 补 加相应的溶媒至 1150ml, 即得以不同溶剂为溶媒的含药包衣溶液。
称取 500g蔗糖丸芯 ( 610μιη ~ 750μιη ) , 置于流化床底喷包衣 锅中, 设置进风温度为 55。C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2。C ); 进风压 力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 ~ 15g/min (根据 流化状态随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将以不同溶剂 为溶媒的含药包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面,上药结 束后,物料于 45。C继续流化 5分钟,得到以不同溶剂为溶媒的上药包 衣的载药小丸,称重, 结果见表 2。 表 2 以不同溶剂为溶媒的含药包衣溶液的上药包衣结果
考 标 50%乙醇 70%乙醇 95%乙醇 无水乙醇
粘连度 (%) 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.8
上药时间(min) 54 50 48 44 微丸上药率( % ) 95.4 94.5 91.6 90.4 实施例 3 不同粒径空白丸芯的托吡酯緩释微丸释放度比较 处方
载药微丸处方:
空白丸芯
处方 托吡酯( g ) 粒径范围 重量
( μπι ) ( g )
5 230 300 - 400 500
6 230 500 - 610 500
7 230 610 - 750 500 緩释包衣层配方: 乙基纤维素 PVP K30
处方
( g ) ( g )
5 50 16.5
6 40 13.2
7 30 10.0 制备方法:
(1) 称取 230g托吡酯原料, 加 50%乙醇适量, 在 40。C -50。C加 热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 加 50%乙醇至 1150ml, 即得含药包衣溶液。
分别称取 300μιη - 400μιη、 500μιη - 610μιη、 610μιη - 750μιη 蔗 糖丸芯各 500g,置于流化床底喷包衣锅中,设置进风温度为 55eC(使 锅内温度保持在 40±2。C ) ;进风压力为 0.35bar;雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 ~ 15g/min (根据流化状态随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处 于流化状态下, 将含药包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面, 上药结束后,物料于 45Ό继续流化 5分钟, 得托吡酯载药微丸。
(2) 称取处方量的乙基纤维素 (EC ) , 加适量 95%乙醇溶解, 再加入处方量的 PVP K30溶解,加 95%乙醇至适量,得緩释包衣液。
(3) 取以上不同粒径的托吡酯载药丸芯各 500g, 分别置于流化 床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 40 ~ 45。C (使锅内温度保持在 30 ~ 35°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率 为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状态下, 将上述 3个处方的緩 释包衣溶液以底喷的方式分别喷雾于对应的不同粒径大小的载药小 丸表面, 得到不同粒径大小的托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包衣增重分别 为 10.9%、 8.8%、 6.7%。 经计算, 微丸粘连度分别为 2.2%、 2.1 %、 1.8%。
所制备的托吡酯緩释微丸的药物释放度测定结果见表 3。 不同粒径微丸的释放度评价结果
空白丸芯粒径 ^JL (% )
1小时 4小时 8小时 12小时 16小时 20小时
5 300 - 400μπι 21.6 55.5 88.1 98.5 100.4 101.2
6 500 - 610μπι 16.7 49.5 80.6 92.4 98.5 99.6
7 610 ~ 750μπι 19.4 56.8 85.4 96.2 99.8 100.4 实施例 4 Eudragit (优特奇) 緩释材料包衣的托吡酯緩释微 丸的制备
緩释包衣处方:
处方 8 9 10
栽药微丸 500 g 500 g 500 g
Eudragit RS30D 133 g (相当于 ― ―
干树脂 40g )
Eudragit NE30D ― 167 g (相当于 ―
干树脂 50g )
Eudragit RL30D ― ― 200 g (相当于
干树脂 60g ) 滑石粉 20 25 30 水 246 309 370
制备方法:
分别取处方量的 Eudragit RS30D , Eudragit NE 30D , Eudragit RL30D水分散体, 加入一倍量的水, 搅勾; 将处方量的滑石粉加入 到剩余量的水中, 用高剪切勾化机勾化 3min, 将此混悬液緩慢倒入 上述水分散体中, 搅勾, 过 80目筛, 即得緩释包衣液。
取实施例 1中处方 4制备的载药微丸 500g置于流化床底喷包衣 锅中, 设置进风温度为 25 ~ 30。C (使锅内温度保持在 23 ~ 25。C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 5g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状态下, 分别将上述 3种緩释包衣溶液以底喷 的方式喷雾于载药小丸表面, 得到 3种分别以 Eudragit RS30D , Eudragit NE 30D , 和 Eudragit RL30D为緩释包衣材料的托吡酯緩 释微丸, 緩释包衣增重分别为 9.7%、 11.9%、 和 13.9%。 所得托吡 酯緩释微丸于 40。C高温烘箱中进行 24小时老化热处理。 经计算, 微丸粘连度分别为 2.8%、 2.7%、 3.0%。
药物释放度测定结果见表 4。 表 4 不同緩释包衣材料制备的托吡酯緩释微丸的释; ML评价结果
^JL ( % )
1小时 4小时 8小时 12小时 16小时 20小时
8 19.6 44.6 70.2 88.3 97.7 99.7
9 15.5 34.4 66.3 77.9 92.2 94.8
10 16.4 36.5 68.3 79.4 95.1 98.5 实施例 5 托吡酯緩释微丸的帝 1备
緩释包衣处方
处方 11 12 13
EC 30g 30g 30g
PVP K30 9g 9.6g 10.5g 制备方法:
分别按上述处方用量比例, 将乙基纤维素用适量 95%乙醇, 溶 解, 再分别加入比例量的 PVP K30 , 溶解, 即得緩释包衣液。
取实施例 1中以不含粘合剂的含药包衣溶液制备的载药微丸 500g置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 40 ~ 45'C (使锅内 温度保持在 30 ~ 35。C ); 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状态下, 分别将乙基 纤维素与 PVP K30不同比例的緩释包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于载 药小丸表面, 緩释包衣增重分别为 6.56%, 6.65% , 和 6.79%, 得到 乙基纤维素与 PVP K30不同比例的托吡酯緩释微丸, 经计算, 微丸 粘连度分别为 2.3%、 2.4%、 2.1%。 药物释放度测定结果见表 5。 处方 11-13制备的托吡酯緩释微丸释放度评价结果 处方 ^JL ( % )
1小时 4小时 8小时 12小时 16小时 20小时
11 17.4 36.6 64.3 82.5 90.7 95.5
12 21.8 47.6 76.4 91.3 95.7 97.8
13 24.2 51.4 83.8 99.7 99.6 100.2 实施例 6 工艺重现性实验
( 1 ) 不含粘合剂托吡酯载药丸芯的制备
称取 276g托吡酯原料, 加 70%乙醇适量, 在 40。C -50。C加热状 态下搅拌, 溶解, 加 70%乙醇至 1380ml, 即得含药包衣溶液。
称取 610μιη ~ 750μιη蔗糖丸芯 600g,置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 55。C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2。C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 ~ 15g/min (根据流化状 态随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将含药包衣溶液以底 喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面, 上药结束后,物料于 45。C继续流化 5 分钟, 得到不含粘合剂的托吡酯载药丸芯, 称重, 记录上药结束后 微丸的总重量 W总, 计算微丸的上药率和出品率, 见表 6。 不含粘合剂的托吡酯载药丸芯的工艺重现性结果 样品批 制^ 主药投料 蔗糖丸芯 栽药丸芯 上药率 出品率 次 (制剂单位 / 量 (g/批) 量 (g/批) 出品量 (g/ ( % ) ( % ) 批) 批)
1 12000 276 600 864 95.7 98.6
2 12000 276 600 862 94.9 98.4
3 12000 276 600 863 95.3 98.5 备注: 每个制剂单位的托吡酯剂量按 23mg计; 出品率为载药丸芯 以原辅料投料总量 ( 2 ) 托吡酯緩释包衣微丸的制备
称取乙基纤维素 48g, 加适量 95%乙醇, 在 40。C -50。C加热状态 下搅拌, 溶解, 再加入 PVP K30 约 16.2g, 在 40。C -50。C加热状态 下搅拌, 溶解, 搅勾, 加 95%乙醇至 1152ml, 即得緩释包衣液。
取以上制备的载药微丸 800g置于流化床底喷包衣锅中,设置进 风温度为 40 ~ 45。C (使锅内温度保持在 30 ~ 35。C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35ba; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸 处于流化状态下, 将緩释包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于载药小丸表 面,得到三批托吡酯緩释微丸,緩释包衣增重分别为 6.87%, 6.98% , 和 7.08%, 经计算, 微丸粘连度分别为 2.1%、 2.0%、 2.1 %。 结果 见图 1、 表 7。 托吡酯緩释包衣微丸的工艺重现性试验结果
样 制备 栽药 乙基 PVP 托吡 成品 ^JL ( % )
品 量 (制 丸芯 纤维 K30 酯緩 率 1小 4小 8小时 16小 批 剂单 量 g/ 素量 g/ 量 g/ 释微 ( % ) 时 时 时 次 位 /批) 批 批 批 丸 g/批
批 1 10000 800 48 16.2 859 99.3 14.4 37.2 68.5 96.4 批 2 10000 800 48 16.2 860 99.5 15.1 38.6 69.5 96.8 批 3 10000 800 48 16.2 861 99.6 15.9 39.1 68.8 96.4 实施例 7 不同溶出介质对于托吡酯緩释微丸释放度的影响 为了验证本发明的緩释微丸的释放度是否受酸、碱溶媒的影响, 分别配制 0.1mol/L HC1 ( pH1.2 )作为人工胃液, 0.2 mol/L磷酸盐 緩冲液 (ρΗ6·8 )作为人工小肠液, 分别以上述介质和水 ( 500ml ) 为释放介质, 转速为每分钟 100转, 37。 (:。 于 1、 2、 4、 8、 12、 16、 20、 24小时取样 5ml (同时补充等量介质), 滤过, 取续滤液为供试 品溶液。 采用高效液相色谱法 (中国药典 2010版二部附录 V D ) , 用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂, 50%甲醇为流动相, 示差检测器, 流速为每分钟 1.5ml。 取供试品溶液 200μ1, 注入液相色讲仪, 记录 主药托吡酯的峰面积, 另取托吡酯对照品, 同法测定, 外标法计算 不同时间药物的累积释放百分率。 绘制实施例 6 ( 2 ) 中第一批的样 品在以上介质中的释放曲线, 结果图 2。 由结果可以看出, 托吡酯 緩释微丸在人工胃液、 水以及人工小肠液中的药物释放曲线基本一 致 (由于托吡酯在 pH1.2的人工胃液里不稳定, 发生降解反应, 本 实验人工胃液释放度数据是主药托吡酯和降解产物加和值) , 说明 本品能在胃肠道不同的部位恒定释放药物, 能够保证活性成分托吡 酯有稳定的药理效果。 实施例 8 不同转速对于托吡酯緩释微丸释放度的影响 为了验证本发明的緩释微丸的释放度是否受胃肠蠕动的影响, 分别设置每分钟 50转, 75转和 100转的转速, 以水( 500ml )为释 放介质, 37。 ( 。 于 1、 2、 4、 8、 12、 16、 20、 24小时取样 5ml (同 时补充等量介质), 滤过, 取续滤液为供试品溶液。 采用高效液相色 谱法 (中国药典 2010版二部附录 V D ) , 用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为 填充剂, 50%甲醇为流动相, 示差检测器, 流速为每分钟 1.5ml。 取 供试品溶液 200μ1, 注入液相色讲仪, 记录主药托吡酯的峰面积, 另 取托吡酯对照品, 同法测定, 外标法计算不同时间药物的累积释放 百分率。 绘制实施例 6 ( 2 ) 中第一批的样品在以上不同转速条件下 的释放曲线, 结果图 3。 由结果可以看出, 托吡酯緩释微丸在每分 钟 50-100转的转速范围内的药物释放曲线基本一致,说明本品能在 胃肠道不同蠕动状态下恒定释放药物, 能够保证活性成分托吡酯有 稳定的药理效果。 实施例 9 释药一致性研究
按实施例 4的方法将处方 8-10重复三批, 考虑其释药一致性。 结果见表 8。 表 8 托吡酯緩释微丸的释药均一性结果 (平均值±标准差)
Figure imgf000020_0001
实施例 10
处方:
药物层
Figure imgf000021_0001
緩释层
Figure imgf000021_0002
制备方法:
(1) 称取以上处方量的药物层各成分, 加 50%乙醇适量, 在 40。C -50。C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解(处方 I4, 15 )或混悬(处方 16 ) , 加 50%乙醇至 1150ml, 即得含药包衣溶液 (处方 14, 15 ) 或混悬 液(处方 16 ) 。
称取 610μιη ~ 750μιη蔗糖丸芯各 500g,置于流化床底喷包衣锅 中, 设置进风温度为 55。C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2eC ); 进风压力 为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 ~ 15g/min (根据流 化状态随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将含药包衣溶液 或混悬液以底喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面,上药结束后,物料于
45'C继续流化 5分钟, 得托吡酯载药微丸。
(2) 称取处方量的乙基纤维素 (EC ) , 加适量 95%乙醇, 在 40。C -50。C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 再加入处方量的 PVP K30 , 在 40。C -50。C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 搅勾, 再加入处方量的滑石粉, 加 95%乙醇至处方量, 搅拌, 即得緩释包衣液。
分别取以上托吡酯载药丸芯各 500g, 分别置于流化床底喷包衣 锅中, 设置进风温度为 40 ~ 45 (使锅内温度保持在 30 ~ 35 ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状态下, 将上述 3个处方的緩释包衣溶液在搅 拌状态下以底喷的方式分别喷雾于对应的不同粒径大小的载药小丸 表面, 得到不同粒径大小的托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包衣增重分别为
6.85% , 6.74% , 和 6.89%。 经计算, 微丸粘连度分别为 1.9、 2.0、 1.7%。 释放度测定结果见表 9。 表 9 处方 14-16的药物释放度测定结果
Figure imgf000022_0001
实施例 11 芬特明微丸的制备
处方 17 (离心制粒法 ) :
盐酸芬特明 74.7g
空白蔗糖丸芯 400g
羟丙甲纤维素 1.35g
制备方法: 将 400g空白蔗糖丸芯 ( 0.71-0.85mm ) 置于离心造 粒机中, 称取过 80目筛的盐酸芬特明 74.7g (相当于 60g芬特明) 加到造粒机的饲料器中,设定主机转速 250 ~ 330 rpm、鼓风流量 400 L/min、喷气流量 15 ~ 20 L/min、喷气压力 0.5 ~ 0.6 MPa,以 3 %(W/V) 的羟丙甲纤维素(HPMC)水溶液 45ml为黏合剂, 喷液速度 3 ~ 6 mL/min , 供粉机转速 10 ~ 20 r/min, 使药粉均匀层积于母核上, 供 粉完毕, 取出, 60'C干燥 2 h, 即得芬特明速释载药微丸。 处方 18 (挤出滚圆法) :
盐酸芬特明 74.7g
微晶纤维素 400g
羟丙甲纤维素 0.40g
制备方法: 称取过 80目筛的盐酸芬特明 74.7g (相当于 60g芬 特明) , 与 400g微晶纤维素混合均匀, 以 3%(W/V)的羟丙甲纤维 素(HPMC)水溶液约 13.5 mL为黏合剂制得适宜的软材,将软材置于 挤出滚圆机内, 设定挤出速度 30 rpm、 滚圆速度 350 rpm及滚圆时 间 5 min , 制得的微丸在 40。C烘箱中干燥 4h, 筛分, 得 500 ~ 800μιη 的目标微丸, 即为芬特明速释载药微丸。 处方 19 (流化床丸芯上药包衣法)
盐酸芬特明 74.7g
空白蔗糖丸芯 400g
羟丙甲纤维素 6.0g
制备方法: 称取过 80目筛的盐酸芬特明 74.7g (相当于 60g芬 特明) , 称取 6.0 g羟丙甲纤维素(HPMC)为黏合剂, 用 200ml水在 40。C -50。C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 加水至 300ml, 得含药包衣溶液。 称取 400g蔗糖丸芯 ( 0.71-0.85mm ) , 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 50-70'C ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为
1.0-2.0bar; 喷液速率为 3 ~ 12g/min (根据流化状态随时调整)。 在 蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将含药包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于空 白丸芯表面, 上药结束后, 物料继续流化 5分钟, 取出, 即得芬特 明速释载药微丸。 芬特明速释载药微丸溶出度的测定:
分别称取处方 17、 处方 18、 和处方 19的芬特明速释微丸适量 (相当于芬特明 7.5mg ) , 照中国药典 2010年版二部附录溶出度测 定法第二法(附录 X C, 浆法), 以 500ml水为释放介质, 37。C, 转速为每分钟 50转, 测定其不同时间的药物溶出量。 分别于 5min, 15min , 30min , 45min , 以及 60min时间取样 5ml (同时补充等量介 质), 滤过, 取续滤液为供试品溶液。 采用高效液相色谱法(中国药 典 2010版二部附录 V D ) , 用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂, 柱温 为 35Ό , 40%甲醇为流动相, 检测波长为 254nm, 流速为每分钟 1.5ml。 取供试品溶液 20μ1, 注入液相色讲仪, 记录主药芬特明的峰 面积; 另取芬特明对照品, 同法测定, 外标法计算不同时间主药芬 特明的累积溶出百分率。 三种处方 (处方 17, 处方 18, 和处方 19 ) 的芬特明速释微丸的溶出度结果见表 10, 溶出曲线图 6。 可见, 上 述 3种处方的芬特明微丸经 5分钟均可溶出标示量的 90%以上, 具 备理想的速效效果。 芬特明速释微丸的溶出度测定结果
Figure imgf000024_0001
实施例 12 托吡酯緩释微丸的制备
处方
Figure imgf000024_0002
制备方法:
将处方量的主药托吡酯和填充剂微晶纤维素过筛混合均匀; 用
70%乙醇将甲基纤维素(MethocelTMA15LV )配制成适宜浓度的溶液 作黏合剂, 制软材; 将软材置于挤出机内, 选择一定目数歸网和挤 出速度, 挤出棒状颗粒物; 将挤出的棒状颗粒物置于滚圆机中, 在 一定的滚圆速度下, 滚圆 3-5 min, 制得的微丸在 40'C烘箱中干燥 2h, 即得托吡酯载药丸芯。
称取处方量的乙基纤维素和聚维酮 ( Povidone K30 ) , 用 95% 乙醇 820ml, 搅拌溶解, 制得緩释包衣液。 将上述制备的托吡酯载 药丸芯置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 40 ~ 45。C (使锅 内温度保持在 30 ~ 35。C );进风压力为 0.35bar;雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状态下, 将緩释包衣 溶液喷雾于载药丸芯表面, 得到托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包衣增重为 6.68%。 实施例 13 托吡酯緩释微丸的制备
取实施例 1中处方 1制备的药物层含黏合剂 HPMC的托吡酯载 药丸芯 500g, 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中。 用 95%乙醇 720ml配制含 乙基纤维素和 PVP K30分别为 30g和 10g的緩释包衣液。设置进风 温度为 40 ~ 45。C (使锅内温度保持在 30 ~ 35。C ) ; 进风压力为
0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸 处于流化状态下, 将緩释包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于载药小丸表 面, 得到药物层含黏合剂 HPMC的托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包衣增重 为 6.86. 实施例 14 芬特明托吡酯微丸胶囊的制备
取实施例 12制备的托吡酯緩释微丸,和实施例 11中处方 19制 备的芬特明微丸, 通过含量计算, 将两者按照一定的重量比例混合 均匀, 灌装胶囊,使每粒胶囊含托吡酯 23mg,含盐酸芬特明 4.67mg (相当于芬特明 3.75mg ) 。 实施例 15 芬特明托吡酯微丸胶囊的制备
取实施例 13制备的托吡酯緩释微丸,和实施例 11中处方 19制 备的芬特明微丸, 通过含量计算, 将两者按照一定的重量比例混合 均匀, 灌装胶囊,使每粒胶囊含托吡酯 23mg,含盐酸芬特明 4.67mg (相当于芬特明 3.75mg ) 。 实施例 1 6 芬特明托吡酯微丸胶囊的制备
取实施例 6制备的第一批托吡酯緩释包衣微丸,和实施例 11中 处方 19制备的芬特明微丸, 通过含量计算, 将两者按照一定的重量 比例混合均勾, 灌装胶囊, 使每粒胶囊含托吡酯 23mg, 含盐酸芬特 明 4.67mg (相当于芬特明 3.75mg ) 。 实施例 17 芬特明托吡酯微丸胶囊稳定性研究
将实施例 14、 实施例 15、 和实施例 16的胶囊样品, 棵置于内 含饱和 NaCl溶液的密封干燥器中, 再将干燥器置于高温 60Ό烘箱 中, 设置同时高温高湿(60。C, RH75% )的加速条件, 分别于 0天、 5天、 10天定时取样。 将取出的胶囊样品的内容物倾出, 置于 10mL量瓶中, 用适量甲 醇超声溶解, 再用 5倍量的水稀释至刻度, 使主药的浓度约为
5mg/ml , 用 0.45μιη有机系微孔滤膜过滤, 弃去初滤液, 取续滤液 即为供试品溶液。 照高效液相色谱法 (中国药典 2010版二部附录 V D ) , 用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂, 柱温为 35。C, 40%甲醇 为流动相, 示差检测器, 流速为每分钟 1.5ml。取供试品溶液 200μ1, 注入液相色谱仪, 记录色谱图至主峰保留时间的 3倍, 供试品溶液 如有杂质峰,采用峰面积归一法计算其杂质的总含量,结果见表 11。 可见, 本发明公开的样品 (托吡酯药物层不含黏合剂的包衣型载药 丸芯, 实施例 16样品)的稳定性均优于托吡酯药物层含有黏合剂的 骨架型载药丸芯 (实施例 14样品 ) 和包衣型载药丸芯 (实施例 15 样品) 芬特明托吡酯微丸胶囊的稳定性结果
Figure imgf000026_0001
实施例 18 芬特明托吡酯微丸体内药代动力学实施研究
供试样品: 以实施例 6中第一批托吡酯载药丸芯 (速释微丸) 为参比制剂, 以实施例 6中第一批托吡酯緩释微丸为试验制剂。 服 用剂量以主药托吡酯计均为 23mg。
试验对象: Beagle犬 6只,雌雄各半, Beagle犬体重为 8·97±1·05 kg。
给药方案: 六条比格犬双周期随机交叉试验设计,分别等剂量单 次口服含主药托吡酯 23mg的试验制剂和含主药托吡酯 23mg的参比 制剂, 两周期之间间隔 15天的洗净期。 比格犬在给药后 0.5、 1、 2、 3、 4、 6、 8、 10、 12、 16、 24、 36、 48h分别于腿静脉取血 2mL , 置于肝素钠处理过的负压玻璃管中, 4000r/min离心 lOmin , 分离血 浆, 移取血浆约 lmL到 EP管中, 标注试验号、 比格犬的随机号及 采血时间, 血样放置 -20。C保存待处理分析。 血浆样品处理: 取给药犬血浆 ΙΟΟμΙ^, 置 1.5mL离心管中, 加 20 L水, 加 20 L内标溶液 ( 500ng/mL尼美舒利溶液 ), 加 0.5mL 沉淀剂甲醇, 涡流 3min, 离心 lOmin ( 9500r.p.m.), 分别吸取上清 液 2(^L, 按下述色谱条件进行 LC/MS/MS分析, 记录色讲图。
色谱条件:分析柱为 Zorbax C8, 5μιη粒径, 150 x 4.6 mm I.D., 美国 Agilent公司; 预柱为 C18保护柱, 4 x 3.0 mm I.D. 美国
Phenomenex公司; 柱温为 25。C; 流动相为甲醇 -0.5 mM乙酸按
( 75:25, v/v);流速为 0.5 mL/min;内标物为尼美舒利( 500 ng/mL)。
质谱条件: API 3000型串联四极杆质谱仪。 离子源为大气压化 学离子化源 ( Turbo lonspray源) ; 负离子方式检测; 喷射电压为- 4200 V; 源温度为 450。C; 雾化气(NEB) 为 8; 卷帘气( CUR ) 为 11; 碰撞气( CAD) 为 5; 扫描方式为多反应监测 ( MRM) , 用于 定量分析的离子反应分别为 m/z 338→ m/z 78(托吡酯, CE - 55 V), m/z 307→ m/z 229 (内标尼美舒利, CE - 20 V) ; 扫描时间为 150 msec.
药动学数据处理: 采用 DAS 2.0分析软件对血药浓度数据进行 分析
测定结果: Beagle犬分别口服等剂量(23mg) 的参比制剂 (实 施例 6第一批托吡酯载药丸芯 ) 和受试制剂 (实施例 6第一批托吡 酯緩释微丸 )后, 不同时间点平均血药浓度( g/ml)测定结果见图 5, 主要药物动力学参数见表 12。
Figure imgf000027_0001
图 5和表 12结^^明,比格犬口服本发明提供的托吡酯緩释組合物(实 施例 6第一批托吡酯緩释微丸,含托吡酯 23mg)与速释的托吡酯载药丸 芯(参比制剂, 实施例 6第一批托吡酯载药丸芯, 含托吡酯 23mg )相 比, Tmax均显著延长, Cmax显著降低, 更为重要的是, 受试制剂的相对生物 利用度是参比制剂的 92.87%。 说明本发明提供的托吡酯緩释組合物既能与 参比制剂生物等效, 同时又具有显著的緩释制剂特征, 大大降低了峰浓度, 延长了作用时间。 尽管本发明的具体实施方式已经得到详细的描述, 本领域技术人员将 会理解。根据已经公开的所有教导,可以对那些细节进行各种修改和替换, 这些改变均在本发明的保护范围之内。 本发明的全部范围由所附权利要求 及其任何等同物给出。

Claims

1. 联合产品, 其含有芬特明或其盐、 以及托吡酯緩释微丸, 其 中所述托吡酯緩释微丸包括空白丸芯、 药物层和緩释包衣层, 其特征 在于, 所述药物层中不含有粘合剂。
2.权利要求 1的联合产品, 其中所述粘合剂选自淀粉浆、 糖浆、 聚 乙烯吡咯烷酮 (聚维酮, PVP, 如 PVPK30)、 甲基纤维素 (MC)、 乙基纤维素 (EC)、 高取代度的羟丙基纤维素 (H-HPC)、 羟丙基甲 基纤维素 (HPMC)、 羧甲基纤维素钠、 明胶、 阿拉伯胶中的一种或 两种以上的混合物。
3.权利要求 1 的联合产品, 其中緩释包衣层中的緩释材料选自乙 基纤维素、 Eudragit NE 30D、 Eudragit RS 30D、 Eudragit RL30D 中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
4.权利要求 1的联合产品, 其中所述緩释包衣层中含有乙基纤维素 和 PVPK30。
5.权利要求 4的联合产品,其中所述乙基纤维素和 PVPK30的重量 比例为 ( 1: 0.20) ~ ( 1: 0.45) , 例如为 ( 1: 0.25) ~ ( 1: 0.40) , 例如为 ( 1: 0.30) ~ ( 1: 0.35) 。
6.权利要求 1的联合产品, 其中所述緩释包衣增重为 2%~30%, 例如为 3%-20%,例如为 5%-15%,例如为 5%-10%,例如为 5%-8%, 例如为 6%-8%。
7.权利要求 1的联合产品, 其中所述托吡酯緩释微丸的药物层由托 吡酯組成。
8.权利要求 1 的联合产品, 其中所述空白丸芯的粒径为 150μιη~ 1500μιη,例如为 250-1000μιη,例如为 300-900μιη,例如为 400-850μιη, 例如为 610-750μιη。
9. 权利要求 1的联合产品, 其中所述芬特明或其盐的剂型为速 释微丸。
10. 权利要求 1-9任一项的联合产品, 其为胶囊剂或片剂。
11. 权利要求 1-10任一项所述的联合产品中托吡酯緩释微丸的制备 方法, 其包括以下步骤:
a.取药物层的成分, 加入适量溶剂溶解, 取该药液对空白丸芯 进行包衣上药, 得到载药小丸;
b. 取緩释包衣层的成分, 对步骤 a获得的载药小丸进行緩释包 衣。
12. 根据权利要求 11的制备方法, 其中步骤 b包括以下步骤: 取緩释包衣层的成分,溶解于溶剂中,对步骤 a获得的载药小 丸进行緩释包衣。
13.权利要求 11或 12的制备方法,其中所述溶剂为水、 乙醇、 丙酮、 丙二醇、 氯仿或它们的混合物, 例如所述溶剂为水和乙醇的 混合物。
14. 权利要求 1 ~ 10任一项所述的联合产品在制备减肥、 降血 脂、 降血压和治疗精神神经疾病的药物中的用途, 或者在制备治疗 高脂血症、 高血压、 糖尿病或冠心病的药物中的用途。
15. 用于实现受试者减肥、 降血脂、 降血压和治疗精神神经疾 病的方法,其包括给予有需要的受试者治疗有效量的权利要求 1 ~ 10 任一项所述的联合产品的步骤。
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