Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
  • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
  • B05B7/228—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
  • B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
  • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
  • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
  • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
  • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
  • C23C4/14—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying for coating elongate material
  • C23C4/16—Wires; Tubes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a powder coating apparatus for coating articles. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a powder coating method for coating objects by means of an inventive
• Coating in manufacturing technology is understood to mean a group of production processes which are used for applying a firmly adhering layer of shapeless material to the
• the coating methods differ by the type of layer application in chemical, mechanical, thermal and thermomechanical processes.
• Powder coating or powder coating is a coating process in which an electrically conductive object is coated with powder coating.
• Coating plant has a surface pretreatment device, a
• Applizier In the coating device, called Applizier Hughes, the powder to be coated on the object, for example by means of spray guns, applied.
• a crosslinking of the powder coating takes place approximately using a furnace.
• the temperatures for crosslinking the powder coating are between 1 10 and 250 ° C.
• the exact setting of the oven temperature and the residence time depends on the powder coating used.
• the heating of the furnace is usually carried out by convection.
• a hot air stream is used, which cools the workpiece and on this transfers the heat in order to crosslink the powder coating particles together.
• DE 101 16 720 A1 describes a laser powder coating apparatus which has a laser source and a device head optically connected thereto.
• the laser beam is directed to the component surface to be coated and at the same time a powdery filler material is mixed with the laser beam.
• a powdery filler material is mixed with the laser beam.
• a powder coating device for coating objects with the features of claim 1 and a
• Powder coating process for coating articles provided with the features of claim 8.
• a powder coating apparatus for coating articles with an applicator adapted to apply powder coating to areas of the article to be coated; and with an irradiation device which has at least one electromagnetic radiation source which is designed to direct electromagnetic radiation onto powder-coated regions of the article and thereby crosslink the powder coating on the coated regions.
• Powder coating to accomplish by means of electromagnetic radiation, so that only in the powder layer, the required temperatures are achieved and not the entire component is heated.
• thermosensitive materials eg. B. foils for battery cells to coat by means of a powder coating.
• present invention reduces power consumption since highly efficient electromagnetic radiation sources can be used.
• the electromagnetic radiation is selected to selectively heat the powder coating over the coated article to crosslink the powder coating.
• the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation is selected such that it lies in the absorption region of the powder coating material and not in the absorption region of the article to be coated. In this way, the heat transfer to the object is minimized, so that even very temperature-sensitive and thin-walled parts can be coated.
• the radiation source is a laser, in particular a diode laser.
• Diode lasers are very suitable for use in the
• Powder coating device since they have a very compact design and can be pumped easily by means of electric current. Furthermore, diode lasers have a very high degree of twist, so that the
• diode lasers are very low maintenance and have a very long life.
• the coupling and transport of the electrical magnetic radiation is very simple by means of diode lasers.
• other types of laser such as dye laser Nd: YAG laser, argon ion laser, carbon dioxide or nitrogen laser be used.
• the use of a maser is possible.
• the present invention is not limited to particular wavelengths of the electromagnetic radiation. Wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet to far infrared can be used to transfer energy to the powder coating. Microwaves can also be used. Depending on the design of the powder coating, the wavelength can be matched to the powder coating.
• a control device which is coupled to the radiation source and a temperature sensor, which is arranged on the object to be coated, wherein the radiation power of the
• Radiation sources depending on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is controlled and regulated.
• the temperature sensor can be provided for example on the back of the surface to be coated of the article.
• the radiation power of the electromagnetic radiation source can then be changed depending on the temperature of the object. In this way it is possible that the material of the article to be coated is not damaged, and yet a good crosslinking of the powder coating takes place.
• the radiation power of the radiation source can be
• the electromagnetic radiation source for example, be controlled or regulated by a pulsed operation of the electromagnetic radiation source or by changing the wavelength. Also, it is possible to use a variety of electromagnetic radiation sources in the
• a deflection device which is designed to deflect the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation source onto the regions of the object to be coated.
• Deflection device formed in the form of a so-called scanner, which the
• the deflection device also via the deflection device, the total energy which is transmitted from the electromagnetic radiation source to the areas to be coated of the object can be controlled in a simple manner.
• the wavelength of the radiation source is adjustable by means of the control device. In this way, optimal crosslinking of the powder coating can be achieved.
• a process gas device is provided, which is designed to supply process gas into the powder coating device. In this way, a very homogeneous coating of the component can take place.
• Process gas for example, inert gases are used.
• a ventilation, a Dehydrierstrom, etc. can be combined, depending on the application and use of the object to be coated.
• the present invention is particularly suitable for the coating of
• the present invention is particularly suitable for coating white goods, for example, components for dishwashers,
• Implementations of the invention also include not explicitly mentioned combinations of features of the invention described above or below with regard to the exemplary embodiments.
• the person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the respective basic form of the present invention.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a powder coating apparatus
• Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an irradiation device
• Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a powder coating apparatus
• FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a powder coating process.
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a powder coating apparatus 1 for
• Applicator 2 shown, which is designed to apply powder coating to be coated areas of the article 1 1.
• the applicator 2 has a chamber 18, which is isolated from the environment.
• supports 12 are provided on soft spray guns 9 on all sides around the object 1 1 around
• the object 1 1 is for example on a platform (not shown) held.
• the carriers 12 are mounted displaceably within the applicator, so that the article 1 1 can be provided on all sides with powder coating.
• an irradiation device 3 On the right side of Fig. 1, an irradiation device 3 is shown. Also in the irradiation device 3, a plurality of carriers 12 are provided, which can be arranged displaceably within the irradiation device 3. On the supports 12, a plurality of electromagnetic radiation sources 4 are provided.
• Electromagnetic radiation sources 4 are designed to be electromagnetic
• the electromagnetic radiation is chosen such that it is absorbed only by the powder coating particles, and not by the material of the article 1 1. In this way, the object 1 1 is only minimally heated during the crosslinking of the powder coating particles. In this way, even very temperature-sensitive components, in particular very thin-walled components, can be coated with a powder coating.
• Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of an irradiation device 3.
• a deflection device 7 is provided on the support 12, which is adapted to direct the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation source 4 to the areas of the object to be coated 1 1.
• the electromagnetic radiation source 4 emits electromagnetic radiation 10, which is conducted to the deflection device 7.
• the deflection device 7 then steers the electromagnetic radiation 10, for example by means of an actuator provided with the mirror, onto the regions of the object 1 to be coated. In this way it is possible to reduce the number of electromagnetic radiation sources 4 in the irradiation device 3.
• the irradiation device 3 shown in FIG. 2 has a control device 5.
• the control device 5 is coupled to the electromagnetic radiation source 4 and a temperature sensor 6 which is arranged on the object 11.
• the control device 5 receives from the temperature sensor 6 is a measured value of the temperature of the object 1 1 and controls depending on the detected temperature of the object 1 1, the radiation power of the electromagnetic radiation source 4. If a measured value detected, which exceeds a predetermined temperature value, the switches Control device 5, the electromagnetic radiation source 4 from. When the temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, the control device 5 switches on the electromagnetic radiation source 4 again. In this way, the power for crosslinking the powder coating particles can be set very accurately.
• a continuous control instead of a control.
• a PI D control loop is used, which can continuously adjust the radiant power of the electromagnetic radiation source 4.
• the temperature sensor 6 may be arranged, for example, on the back of a film to be coated. As a temperature sensor 6, for example
• thermocouples Semiconductor temperature sensors, thermistors, PTC thermistors or thermocouples or
• Quartz crystals are used. Further, in Fig. 2, a process gas device 8 within the chamber 18 of
• the process gas device 8 may supply a process gas, for example argon or nitrogen, to the chamber 18. In this way, a very homogeneous powder coating layer can be formed on the article 11.
• a process gas for example argon or nitrogen
• 3 other facilities for ventilation, dehydration or ventilation can be provided in the irradiation device.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a powder coating device 1.
• the as yet uncoated component is received in the device 1.
• a pretreatment of the article 1 1 to be coated is carried out.
• the surface of the article 11 is cleaned of coarse impurities and the surface is degreased by means of solvents.
• the object is dried between.
• the Applizier worn 2 is shown.
• powder coating is applied to areas of the article 11 to be coated.
• spray guns 9 are provided in the applicator 2. Subsequently, the object 1 1 is guided into the irradiation device 3.
• the powder coating is crosslinked on the regions of the object to be coated by means of an electromagnetic radiation source, which is designed to direct electromagnetic radiation to the areas of the object coated with powder coating. In the area 15, for example, an aftertreatment of the article 11 takes place.
• step S1 an object to be coated is provided.
• step S2 an object to be coated is provided.
• Powder coating applied to areas of the article to be coated In step S3, the powder coating is crosslinked by means of electromagnetic radiation.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Coating Apparatus (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)

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Citations (5)

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• 2012
  • 2012-03-15 DE DE102012204091.9A patent/DE102012204091B4/de active Active
• 2013
  • 2013-01-30 JP JP2014561335A patent/JP2015520008A/ja active Pending
  • 2013-01-30 CN CN201380013814.2A patent/CN104169454B/zh active Active
  • 2013-01-30 WO PCT/EP2013/051714 patent/WO2013135416A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2013-01-30 US US14/385,495 patent/US20150044387A1/en not_active Abandoned

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