WO2013129453A1 - 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013129453A1 WO2013129453A1 PCT/JP2013/055079 JP2013055079W WO2013129453A1 WO 2013129453 A1 WO2013129453 A1 WO 2013129453A1 JP 2013055079 W JP2013055079 W JP 2013055079W WO 2013129453 A1 WO2013129453 A1 WO 2013129453A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- anode
- pressure
- purge valve
- cell system
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04179—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by purging or increasing flow or pressure of reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a control method for the fuel cell system.
- This fuel cell system is an anode gas non-circulation type fuel cell system that does not return unused anode gas discharged into the anode gas discharge passage to the anode gas supply passage, and includes a normally closed solenoid valve and a normally open solenoid valve. By periodically opening and closing, unused anode gas stored in the recycle tank flows back into the fuel cell stack for reuse.
- the anode gas concentration is reduced inside the fuel cell when the pulsation operation in which the anode gas pressure is periodically increased or decreased is reduced, and the power generation efficiency depends on the degree of decrease in the anode gas concentration. It turns out that it falls.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for suppressing a decrease in the anode gas concentration in the fuel cell during pressure reduction of pulsation operation in which the pressure of the anode gas is periodically increased or decreased.
- a fuel cell system in one embodiment, includes a pressure regulating valve that controls the pressure of an anode gas supplied to the fuel cell, a buffer unit that stores anode off gas discharged from the fuel cell, and an anode off gas stored in the buffer unit.
- a purge valve for controlling the amount; and pulsation operation control means for periodically increasing and decreasing the pressure of the anode gas by periodically opening and closing the pressure regulating valve.
- the purge valve is controlled so that the purge flow rate is increased when the pulsation operation is reduced than when the pressure is increased.
- FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the fuel cell for explaining the configuration of the fuel cell system in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1B is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 1B-1B of the fuel cell of FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an anode gas non-circulating fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining pulsation operation during steady operation in which the operation state of the fuel cell system is constant.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of pulsation operation control.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of general purge control.
- FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the fuel cell for explaining the configuration of the fuel cell system in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1B is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 1B-1B of the fuel cell of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature and humidity of the fuel cell stack and the amount of nitrogen permeated.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the opening / closing control of the purge valve performed by the fuel cell system in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the anode pressure and a temporal change in the opening degree of the purge valve when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment. .
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the anode pressure and a temporal change in the opening degree of the purge valve when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in anode pressure and a temporal change in purge flow rate when pulsation operation control and purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in anode pressure and a temporal change in purge flow rate when pulsation operation control and purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the anode pressure and a temporal change in the purge flow rate when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart of the opening / closing control of the purge valve performed by the fuel cell system according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the load and the pulsation cycle and whether or not the opening / closing of the purge valve is synchronized with the pulsation cycle.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the anode pressure and a temporal change in the opening degree of the purge valve when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the sixth embodiment. .
- an electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between an anode electrode (fuel electrode) and a cathode electrode (oxidant electrode), an anode gas containing hydrogen in the anode electrode (fuel gas), and a cathode gas containing oxygen in the cathode electrode (oxidant) Electricity is generated by supplying gas.
- the electrode reaction that proceeds in both the anode electrode and the cathode electrode is as follows.
- the fuel cell generates an electromotive force of about 1 volt by the electrode reaction of the formulas (1) and (2).
- FIG. 1A and 1B are diagrams for explaining the configuration of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the fuel cell 10.
- 1B is a 1B-1B cross-sectional view of the fuel cell of FIG. 1A.
- the fuel cell 10 includes an anode separator 12 and a cathode separator 13 arranged on both front and back surfaces of a membrane electrode assembly (hereinafter referred to as “MEA”) 11.
- MEA membrane electrode assembly
- the MEA 11 includes an electrolyte membrane 111, an anode electrode 112, and a cathode electrode 113.
- the MEA 11 has an anode electrode 112 on one surface of the electrolyte membrane 111 and a cathode electrode 113 on the other surface.
- the electrolyte membrane 111 is a proton conductive ion exchange membrane formed of a fluorine-based resin.
- the electrolyte membrane 111 exhibits good electrical conductivity in a wet state.
- the anode electrode 112 includes a catalyst layer 112a and a gas diffusion layer 112b.
- the catalyst layer 112a is in contact with the electrolyte membrane 111.
- the catalyst layer 112a is formed of carbon black particles carrying platinum or platinum.
- the gas diffusion layer 112b is provided outside the catalyst layer 112a (on the opposite side of the electrolyte membrane 111) and is in contact with the anode separator 12.
- the gas diffusion layer 112b is formed of a member having sufficient gas diffusibility and conductivity, and is formed of, for example, a carbon cloth woven with yarns made of carbon fibers.
- the cathode electrode 113 includes a catalyst layer 113a and a gas diffusion layer 113b.
- the anode separator 12 is in contact with the gas diffusion layer 112b.
- the anode separator 12 has a plurality of groove-like anode gas passages 121 for supplying anode gas to the anode electrode 112 on the side in contact with the gas diffusion layer 112b.
- the cathode separator 13 is in contact with the gas diffusion layer 113b.
- the cathode separator 13 has a plurality of groove-like cathode gas flow paths 131 for supplying cathode gas to the cathode electrode 113 on the side in contact with the gas diffusion layer 113b.
- the anode gas flowing through the anode gas channel 121 and the cathode gas flowing through the cathode gas channel 131 flow in the same direction in parallel with each other. You may make it flow in the opposite direction in parallel with each other.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the anode gas non-circulating fuel cell system 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the fuel cell system 1 includes a fuel cell stack 2, an anode gas supply device 3, and a controller 4.
- the fuel cell stack 2 is formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cells 10, generates electric power by receiving supply of anode gas and cathode gas, and generates electric power necessary for driving a vehicle (for example, electric power necessary for driving a motor). ).
- the cathode gas supply / discharge device for supplying and discharging the cathode gas to / from the fuel cell stack 2 and the cooling device for cooling the fuel cell stack 2 are not the main part of the present invention, and are not shown for the sake of easy understanding. did. In this embodiment, air is used as the cathode gas.
- the anode gas supply device 3 includes a high-pressure tank 31, an anode gas supply passage 32, a pressure regulating valve 33, a pressure sensor 34, an anode gas discharge passage 35, a buffer tank 36, a purge passage 37, and a purge valve 38. .
- the high pressure tank 31 stores the anode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 2 in a high pressure state.
- the anode gas supply passage 32 is a passage for supplying the anode gas discharged from the high-pressure tank 31 to the fuel cell stack 2, and has one end connected to the high-pressure tank 31 and the other end of the fuel cell stack 2. Connected to the anode gas inlet hole 21.
- the pressure regulating valve 33 is provided in the anode gas supply passage 32.
- the pressure regulating valve 33 adjusts the anode gas discharged from the high-pressure tank 31 to a desired pressure and supplies it to the fuel cell stack 2.
- the pressure regulating valve 33 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening degree can be adjusted continuously or stepwise, and the opening degree is controlled by the controller 4.
- the controller 4 controls the opening degree of the pressure regulating valve 33 by controlling the amount of current supplied to the pressure regulating valve 33.
- the pressure sensor 34 is provided in the anode gas supply passage 32 downstream of the pressure regulating valve 33.
- the pressure sensor 34 detects the pressure of the anode gas flowing through the anode gas supply passage 32 downstream of the pressure regulating valve 33.
- the pressure of the anode gas detected by the pressure sensor 34 is the pressure of the entire anode system including the anode gas flow paths 121 and the buffer tanks 36 inside the fuel cell stack (hereinafter referred to as “anode pressure”). As a substitute.
- the anode gas discharge passage 35 has one end connected to the anode gas outlet hole 22 of the fuel cell stack 2 and the other end connected to the upper portion of the buffer tank 36.
- the anode gas discharge passage 35 has a mixed gas of excess anode gas that has not been used for the electrode reaction and an impure gas such as nitrogen or water vapor that has cross-leaked from the cathode side to the anode gas passage 121 (hereinafter referred to as “anode”). Off-gas ”) is discharged.
- the buffer tank 36 temporarily stores the anode off gas flowing through the anode gas discharge passage 35. A part of the water vapor in the anode off gas is condensed in the buffer tank 36 to become liquid water and separated from the anode off gas.
- One end of the purge passage 37 is connected to the lower part of the buffer tank 36.
- the other end of the purge passage 37 is an open end.
- the anode off gas and liquid water stored in the buffer tank 36 are discharged from the opening end to the outside air through the purge passage 37.
- the purge valve 38 is provided in the purge passage 37.
- the purge valve 38 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening degree can be adjusted continuously or stepwise, and the opening degree is controlled by the controller 4.
- the opening of the purge valve 38 By adjusting the opening of the purge valve 38, the amount of anode off-gas discharged from the buffer tank 36 to the outside air via the purge passage 37 is adjusted, and the anode gas concentration in the buffer tank 36 is adjusted to be a certain level or less. To do. This is because if the concentration of the anode gas in the buffer tank 36 becomes too high, the amount of the anode gas discharged from the buffer tank 36 through the purge passage 37 to the outside air increases and is wasted.
- the controller 4 includes a microcomputer having a central processing unit (CPU), a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), and an input / output interface (I / O interface).
- CPU central processing unit
- ROM read only memory
- RAM random access memory
- I / O interface input / output interface
- the controller 4 includes a current sensor 41 that detects the output current of the fuel cell stack 2 and a temperature of cooling water that cools the fuel cell stack 2 (hereinafter referred to as “cooling water temperature”). Signals for detecting the operating state of the fuel cell system 1, such as the temperature sensor 42 to detect and the accelerator stroke sensor 43 to detect the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal (hereinafter referred to as “accelerator operation amount”) are input.
- the controller 4 periodically opens and closes the pressure regulating valve 33 based on these input signals, performs pulsation operation to periodically increase and decrease the anode pressure, and adjusts the opening degree of the purge valve 38 from the buffer tank 36.
- the flow rate of the anode off gas to be discharged is adjusted, and the anode gas concentration in the buffer tank 36 is kept below a certain level.
- the fuel cell stack 2 In the case of the anode gas non-circulation type fuel cell system 1, if the anode gas continues to be supplied from the high-pressure tank 31 to the fuel cell stack 2 while the pressure regulating valve 33 is kept open, the fuel cell stack 2 is not discharged. Since the anode off gas including the used anode gas is continuously discharged from the buffer tank 36 through the purge passage 37 to the outside air, it is wasted.
- the pulsation operation is performed in which the pressure regulating valve 33 is periodically opened and closed to increase and decrease the anode pressure periodically.
- the anode off gas accumulated in the buffer tank 36 can be caused to flow back to the fuel cell stack 2 when the anode pressure is reduced.
- the anode gas in the anode off-gas can be reused, so that the amount of the anode gas discharged to the outside air can be reduced and waste can be eliminated.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining pulsation operation during steady operation in which the operation state of the fuel cell system 1 is constant.
- the controller 4 calculates the target output of the fuel cell stack 2 based on the operating state of the fuel cell system 1 (the load of the fuel cell stack), and sets the anode pressure according to the target output. Set the upper and lower limits. Then, the anode pressure is periodically increased or decreased between the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the set anode pressure.
- the pressure regulating valve 33 is opened to an opening at which the anode pressure can be increased to at least the upper limit value.
- the anode gas is supplied from the high-pressure tank 31 to the fuel cell stack 2 and discharged to the buffer tank 36.
- the pressure regulating valve 33 When the anode pressure reaches the upper limit at time t2, the pressure regulating valve 33 is fully closed as shown in FIG. 3B, and the supply of anode gas from the high-pressure tank 31 to the fuel cell stack 2 is stopped. Then, since the anode gas left in the anode gas flow path 121 inside the fuel cell stack is consumed over time due to the electrode reaction of (1) described above, the anode pressure is reduced by the consumed amount of the anode gas.
- the pressure in the buffer tank 36 temporarily becomes higher than the pressure in the anode gas flow path 121, so that the anode gas flow path 121 extends from the buffer tank 36.
- the anode off-gas flows back into.
- the anode gas left in the anode gas channel 121 and the anode gas in the anode off-gas that has flowed back to the anode gas channel 121 are consumed over time, and the anode pressure further decreases.
- the pressure regulating valve 33 When the anode pressure reaches the lower limit at time t3, the pressure regulating valve 33 is opened in the same manner as at time t1. When the anode pressure reaches the upper limit again at time t4, the pressure regulating valve 33 is fully closed.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of pulsation operation control. The process starting from step S10 is performed by the controller 4.
- step S10 the target output of the fuel cell stack 2 is calculated based on the operating state of the fuel cell system 1.
- step S20 an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the anode pressure during pulsation operation are set based on the target output of the fuel cell stack 2 calculated in step S10, and an anode pressure is set based on the set upper limit value and lower limit value. Determine the target value.
- the upper limit value is the anode pressure target value
- the lower limit value is the anode pressure target value.
- step S30 the anode pressure is detected by the pressure sensor 34.
- step S40 based on the difference between the anode pressure target value determined in step S20 and the anode pressure detected in step S30, feedback for controlling the opening and closing of the pressure regulating valve 33 so that the anode pressure approaches the anode pressure target value. Take control.
- the buffer tank 36 since the anode gas remaining in the anode gas flow path 121 is consumed during the pressure reduction of the pulsation operation, when the pressure of the buffer tank 36 becomes higher than the pressure of the anode gas flow path 121, the buffer tank 36 side The anode off gas flows backward to the anode gas flow path 121. As a result, the anode gas concentration decreases to a minimum at the junction of the anode gas flowing through the anode gas flow path 121 toward the buffer tank 36 and the anode off-gas flowing back from the buffer tank 36 toward the anode gas flow path 121. Become. In particular, the anode gas concentration at the position where the anode gas concentration is minimum becomes the lowest immediately before the pulsation operation is increased.
- the purge valve 38 is opened when the pulsation operation is lowered to prevent the backflow of the anode off gas from the buffer tank 36 side to the anode gas flow path 121, thereby reducing the anode gas concentration. Suppress.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of general purge control.
- step S110 the amount of nitrogen permeated from the cathode side to the anode side through the electrolyte membrane is calculated.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature and humidity of the fuel cell stack 2 and the permeation amount of nitrogen. As shown in FIG. 6, the higher the temperature of the fuel cell stack 2 and the higher the humidity, the greater the nitrogen permeation amount.
- the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 42 is used as the temperature of the fuel cell stack 2, and the humidity is obtained based on the high frequency resistance (HFR).
- HFR high frequency resistance
- step S110 the temperature and humidity of the fuel cell stack 2 are obtained, and the permeation amount of nitrogen is calculated by referring to a previously prepared table as shown in FIG.
- step S120 a load (target output of the fuel cell stack 2) connected to the fuel cell stack 2 is detected.
- step S130 the pressure sensor 34 detects the anode pressure.
- step S140 based on the nitrogen permeation amount calculated in step S110, the load detected in step S120, and the anode pressure detected in step S130, the opening degree of the purge valve 38 necessary for purging nitrogen is calculated. . That is, the greater the nitrogen permeation amount, the greater the load, and the higher the anode pressure, the greater the opening of the purge valve 38.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the opening / closing control of the purge valve 38 performed by the fuel cell system in the present embodiment.
- the process starting from step S210 is performed by the controller 4 during pulsation operation control for periodically increasing and decreasing the anode pressure.
- step S210 the amount of nitrogen permeated from the cathode side to the anode side through the electrolyte membrane is calculated. This process is the same as the process of step S110 of FIG.
- step S220 a load on the fuel cell stack 2 (target output of the fuel cell stack 2) is detected.
- step S230 the pressure sensor 34 detects the anode pressure.
- step S240 it is determined whether or not step-down control for decreasing the anode pressure is being performed. If it is determined that the step-down control is being performed, the process proceeds to step S250, and if it is determined that the step-up control is being performed, the process proceeds to step S260.
- step S250 the opening of the purge valve 38 necessary for purging nitrogen is calculated based on the nitrogen permeation amount calculated in step S210, the load detected in step S220, and the anode pressure detected in step S230. . That is, the greater the nitrogen permeation amount, the greater the load, and the higher the anode pressure, the greater the opening of the purge valve 38.
- step S260 the purge valve 38 is closed.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the anode pressure and a temporal change in the opening degree of the purge valve when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.
- the control result of the prior art that makes the opening degree of the purge valve constant is indicated by a dotted line, and the control result of this embodiment is indicated by a solid line.
- the purge valve 38 is opened only when the pressure is lowered during pulsation operation in which the anode pressure is periodically increased or decreased, and the purge valve 38 is closed when the pressure is raised.
- the purge valve 38 is closed when the pressure is raised.
- the buffer tank 36 for storing the anode off-gas discharged from the fuel cell is provided, and the pressure of the anode gas is periodically changed by periodically opening and closing the pressure regulating valve 33.
- the opening and closing of the purge valve 38 is controlled according to the increase and decrease cycle so that the purge valve 38 is opened when the pulsation operation is reduced.
- the purge valve 38 is opened when the anode pressure increasing process is completed and the pressure decreasing process is started during pulsation operation control (see FIG. 8).
- the decrease in the anode gas concentration is small at the beginning of the pressure reduction process, the back flow of the anode off gas from the buffer tank 36 is small, and the necessity to open the purge valve 38 is low.
- the purge valve 38 is controlled to open in the middle of the pressure-lowering process.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the anode pressure and a temporal change in the opening degree of the purge valve when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment.
- the anode pressure reduction starts, but at time t52 during the pressure reduction, the purge valve 38 is opened.
- the timing for opening the purge valve 38 can be set to an arbitrary timing. For example, it may be after a predetermined time has elapsed since the start of pressure reduction, or after the anode pressure has been reduced by a predetermined amount.
- the opening and closing of the purge valve 38 is controlled so that the purge valve 38 is opened during the pressure reduction of the pulsation operation. Therefore, the purge valve 38 is opened at an appropriate timing. Thus, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the anode gas concentration inside the fuel cell stack 2 while suppressing wasteful discharge of the anode gas.
- the opening degree of the purge valve 38 is controlled so that the purge flow rate becomes substantially constant even when the anode pressure decreases.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the anode pressure and a temporal change in the purge flow rate when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment. If the opening of the purge valve 38 is kept constant when the anode pressure is reduced, the purge flow rate decreases as the pressure decreases. Therefore, in the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment, the purge flow rate is made substantially constant even when the anode pressure decreases by increasing the opening of the purge valve 38 as the pressure decreases.
- the opening and closing of the purge valve 38 is controlled so that the purge flow rate during the pressure reduction period of the pulsation operation is substantially constant, the purge flow rate is reduced when the anode pressure is reduced. It is possible to effectively prevent the anode off gas from flowing backward from the buffer tank 36 side to the anode gas flow path 121 due to the decrease. Thereby, the fall of the anode gas density
- the anode gas concentration in the anode gas flow path 121 decreases at an accelerated rate as the pressure reduction time elapses. Therefore, in the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment, the anode off-gas flows back from the buffer tank 36 side to the anode gas flow path 121 by increasing the purge flow rate at an accelerated rate as the pressure reduction time elapses. This effectively prevents the decrease in the anode gas concentration inside the fuel cell stack 2.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change of the anode pressure and a temporal change of the purge flow rate when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment.
- the purge flow rate is increased at an accelerated rate by increasing the opening of the purge valve 38.
- the opening and closing of the purge valve 38 is controlled so that the purge flow rate increases with the passage of the pressure reduction period of the pulsation operation. It is possible to effectively prevent the anode off gas from flowing back into the flow path 121, and to effectively suppress the decrease in the anode gas concentration inside the fuel cell stack 2.
- the opening and closing of the purge valve 38 is not synchronized with the pulsation cycle.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart of opening / closing control of the purge valve 38 performed by the fuel cell system according to the fifth embodiment. Steps for performing the same processing as the processing in the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 are assigned the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.
- step S300 it is determined whether or not the engine is in a high load state, that is, whether or not the required output of the fuel cell stack 2 is large.
- the required output of the fuel cell stack 2 is greater than or equal to a predetermined output, it is determined that the load is high. If it is determined that the load is high, the process proceeds to step S310.
- step S310 the opening degree of the purge valve 38 is determined.
- the opening of the purge valve 38 is set to a value not synchronized with the pulsation cycle of the anode pressure. That is, the purge valve 38 may be opened at the time of pressure increase, or the purge valve 38 may remain closed even at the time of pressure decrease.
- step S300 if it is determined in step S300 that the load is not high, the process proceeds to step S240.
- the processing in steps S240 to S260 is the same as the processing in the flowchart shown in FIG. Note that the opening / closing control of the purge valve 38 performed in steps 240 to S260 is a control synchronized with the pulsation cycle of the anode pressure, as described in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the load and the pulsation cycle, and whether or not the opening / closing of the purge valve 38 is synchronized with the pulsation cycle. As shown in FIG. 13, the higher the load, the shorter the pulsation cycle. When the load is high, that is, when the pulsation cycle is short, the opening / closing of the purge valve 38 is not synchronized with the pulsation cycle.
- the opening / closing control of the purge valve 38 according to the increase / decrease cycle is not performed. Even if a bad purge valve is used, a decrease in the anode gas concentration inside the fuel cell stack 2 can be suppressed when the pulsation operation is lowered. That is, even when the pulsation cycle is shortened in a high load state, the anode off gas flows back from the buffer tank 36 side to the anode gas flow path 121 by opening and closing the purge valve 38 without synchronizing with the pulsation cycle. Thus, the anode gas concentration in the fuel cell stack 2 can be prevented from decreasing.
- the purge valve 38 is kept open without closing at the timing when the pressure increasing process is started, and the purge valve 38 is controlled to be closed during the pressure increasing process.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a temporal change in the anode pressure and a temporal change in the opening degree of the purge valve when the pulsation operation control and the purge valve opening / closing control are performed by the fuel cell system according to the sixth embodiment.
- the purge valve 38 is not closed but remains open even when the pulsation operation pressure reduction process is completed.
- the purge valve 38 is closed at time t72 during the pressure increasing process.
- the period from the end of the pressure reduction process to the closing of the purge valve 38 is set to an appropriate value in consideration of the position where the pressure sensor 34 is provided, the volume in the anode system, and the like. deep.
- the purge valve 38 is not closed even when the pulsation operation pressure increasing process is completed, and the purge valve 38 is opened at time t74 in the middle of the pressure decreasing process. This is because a time delay occurs until the downstream anode pressure close to the buffer tank 36 coincides with the anode pressure detected by the pressure sensor 34, and the anode gas concentration continues for a while even after the pressure reduction process is started. This is because there is little backflow of the anode off gas from the buffer tank 36 and the necessity to open the purge valve 38 is low.
- the purge valve 38 is kept open even after the pulsation operation pressure reduction is completed, and the purge valve 38 is closed during the pressure increase. For a while after the completion, low concentration anode gas can be discharged to the outside air.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.
- the present invention can be applied to various devices other than the vehicle.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
燃料電池は電解質膜をアノード電極(燃料極)とカソード電極(酸化剤極)とで挟み、アノード電極に水素を含有するアノードガス(燃料ガス)、カソード電極に酸素を含有するカソードガス(酸化剤ガス)を供給することによって発電する。アノード電極及びカソード電極の両電極において進行する電極反応は以下の通りである。
アノード電極 : 2H2 →4H+ +4e- …(1)
カソード電極 : 4H+ +4e- +O2 →2H2O …(2)
第1の実施形態における燃料電池システムでは、脈動運転制御時に、アノード圧の昇圧工程が終了して降圧工程に入ると、パージ弁38を開くようにした(図8参照)。しかしながら、降圧過程に入った最初のうちは、アノードガス濃度の低下が小さいため、バッファタンク36からのアノードオフガスの逆流が少なく、パージ弁38を開く必要性は低い。
第3の実施形態における燃料電池システムでは、アノード圧が低下しても、パージ流量が略一定となるように、パージ弁38の開度を制御する。
アノードガス流路121内のアノードガス濃度は、降圧時間の経過に伴い、加速度的に減少する。従って、第4の実施形態における燃料電池システムでは、降圧時間の経過に伴い、パージ流量を加速度的に増加させることによって、バッファタンク36側からアノードガス流路121へとアノードオフガスが逆流するのを効果的に防いで、燃料電池スタック2内部のアノードガス濃度の低下を抑制する。
燃料電池スタック2に対する負荷が高い状態、すなわち、燃料電池スタック2の要求出力が大きくなると、脈動運転制御時の脈動周期が短くなる。この場合、脈動周期に合わせて、降圧時にパージ弁38を開き、昇圧時にパージ弁38を閉じる制御を行うためには、応答性の良い高価なパージ弁を用いる必要がある。
第1~第5の実施形態では、脈動運転の降圧工程が終了して昇圧工程に入ると、未燃焼のアノードガスがバッファタンク36に入っていくため、高濃度のアノードガスが外気に排出されるのを抑制するために、昇圧工程に入るタイミングで、パージ弁38を閉じるように制御している。しかしながら、昇圧工程に入ってもしばらくの間は、未燃焼のアノードガスはバッファタンク36に入っていかない。また、圧力センサ34は、燃料電池スタック2の上流側に設けられているため、バッファタンク36に近い下流側のアノード圧が圧力センサ34によって検出されるアノード圧と一致するまでには時間遅れが生じる。従って、昇圧工程に入ってもしばらくの間は、パージ弁38を閉じずに開いておいても、高濃度のアノードガスが外気に排出される可能性は低く、かつ、バッファタンク36内にある低濃度のアノードガスを外気に排出することができる。
Claims (7)
- アノードガスおよびカソードガスを燃料電池に供給して発電させる燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃料電池に供給するアノードガスの圧力を制御する調圧弁と、
前記燃料電池から排出されるアノードオフガスを蓄えるバッファ部と、
前記バッファ部に蓄えられたアノードオフガスを排出する量を制御するパージ弁と、
前記調圧弁を周期的に開閉することによって、前記調圧弁よりも下流のアノードガスの圧力を周期的に増減圧させる脈動運転制御手段と、
前記アノードガスの圧力を周期的に増減圧させる脈動運転制御時において、前記脈動運転の減圧時は、増圧時よりもパージ流量が増量するように前記パージ弁を制御するパージ弁制御手段と、
を備える燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、
前記パージ弁制御手段は、前記脈動運転の減圧の途中で前記パージ弁が開くように、前記パージ弁の開閉を制御する、
燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、
前記パージ弁制御手段は、前記脈動運転の減圧期間中のパージ流量が略一定となるように、前記パージ弁の開閉を制御する、
燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、
前記パージ弁制御手段は、前記脈動運転の減圧期間の経過に応じて、前記パージ流量が増加するように、前記パージ弁の開閉を制御する、
燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、
前記パージ弁制御手段は、前記燃料電池の要求出力が所定出力より大きい場合には、増減圧の周期に応じた前記パージ弁の開閉制御は行わない、
燃料電池システム。 - 請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムにおいて、
前記パージ弁制御手段は、前記脈動運転の減圧が終了しても前記パージ弁を開いたままとし、増圧の途中で前記パージ弁を閉じる、
燃料電池システム。 - 燃料電池に供給するアノードガスの圧力を制御する調圧弁と、前記燃料電池から排出されるアノードオフガスを蓄えるバッファ部と、前記バッファ部に蓄えられたアノードオフガスを排出する量を制御するパージ弁とを備え、アノードガスおよびカソードガスを前記燃料電池に供給して発電させる燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
前記調圧弁を周期的に開閉することによって、前記調圧弁よりも下流のアノードガスの圧力を周期的に増減圧させる工程と、
前記アノードガスの圧力を周期的に増減圧させる脈動運転制御時において、前記脈動運転の減圧時は、増圧時よりもパージ流量が増量するように前記パージ弁を制御する工程と、
を備える燃料電池システムの制御方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014502300A JP5858138B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-02-27 | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
CA2866016A CA2866016A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-02-27 | Fuel cell system and control method of fuel cell system |
EP13755597.5A EP2822074A4 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-02-27 | FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD FOR FUEL CELL SYSTEM |
US14/381,867 US20150017562A1 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-02-27 | Fuel cell system and control method of fuel cell system |
CN201380011577.6A CN104145361A (zh) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-02-27 | 燃料电池系统以及燃料电池系统的控制方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012-043942 | 2012-02-29 | ||
JP2012043942 | 2012-02-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013129453A1 true WO2013129453A1 (ja) | 2013-09-06 |
Family
ID=49082648
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2013/055079 WO2013129453A1 (ja) | 2012-02-29 | 2013-02-27 | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150017562A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2822074A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5858138B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104145361A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2866016A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013129453A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016067788A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-06 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 |
CN107078322A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-08-18 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统 |
CN107112554A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-08-29 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统及其控制方法 |
US9876242B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2018-01-23 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
KR101822281B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-01-25 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 시스템 및 그 제어 방법 |
US11362356B2 (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2022-06-14 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005243477A (ja) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2005347008A (ja) * | 2004-06-01 | 2005-12-15 | Kojima Press Co Ltd | 車載用燃料電池システムの排出水素ガス希釈装置 |
JP2005353395A (ja) * | 2004-06-10 | 2005-12-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2007517369A (ja) | 2003-12-31 | 2007-06-28 | ヌヴェラ・フュエル・セルズ・インコーポレーテッド | 燃料電池スタックからの水の安全なパージ |
JP2008108536A (ja) * | 2006-10-25 | 2008-05-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム、および、その制御方法 |
JP2008251177A (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010123501A (ja) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010129478A (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010277837A (ja) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池装置 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10106536A1 (de) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-08-23 | Denso Corp | Brennstoffzellensystem mit einer Brennstoffzelle zum Erzeugen elektrischer Energie durch eine chemische Reaktion zwischen Wasserstoff und Sauerstoff |
US20070207367A1 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-09-06 | Fellows Richard G | System and method of operation of a fuel cell system and of ceasing the same for inhibiting corrosion |
CA2634927C (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2011-04-26 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
US8092943B2 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2012-01-10 | Daimler Ag | Fuel cell system with improved fuel recirculation |
CN102224627B (zh) * | 2008-11-21 | 2015-08-19 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统及其控制方法 |
JP5422979B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
-
2013
- 2013-02-27 CN CN201380011577.6A patent/CN104145361A/zh active Pending
- 2013-02-27 CA CA2866016A patent/CA2866016A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-02-27 US US14/381,867 patent/US20150017562A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-02-27 EP EP13755597.5A patent/EP2822074A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-02-27 JP JP2014502300A patent/JP5858138B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-02-27 WO PCT/JP2013/055079 patent/WO2013129453A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007517369A (ja) | 2003-12-31 | 2007-06-28 | ヌヴェラ・フュエル・セルズ・インコーポレーテッド | 燃料電池スタックからの水の安全なパージ |
JP2005243477A (ja) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2005347008A (ja) * | 2004-06-01 | 2005-12-15 | Kojima Press Co Ltd | 車載用燃料電池システムの排出水素ガス希釈装置 |
JP2005353395A (ja) * | 2004-06-10 | 2005-12-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2008108536A (ja) * | 2006-10-25 | 2008-05-08 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム、および、その制御方法 |
JP2008251177A (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010123501A (ja) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010129478A (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010277837A (ja) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-09 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2822074A4 * |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180006319A1 (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2018-01-04 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system and control method thereof |
CN107078322A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-08-18 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统 |
CN107112554A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-08-29 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统及其控制方法 |
JPWO2016067788A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-08-31 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 |
EP3214687A4 (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-09-06 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd | Fuel cell system |
US20170373334A1 (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-12-28 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
WO2016067788A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-06 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 |
US9876242B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2018-01-23 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
US10340540B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2019-07-02 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system and method thereof |
US10497955B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2019-12-03 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system |
CN107078322B (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2021-02-02 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统 |
KR101822281B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-04 | 2018-01-25 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 시스템 및 그 제어 방법 |
US11362356B2 (en) | 2019-12-25 | 2022-06-14 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5858138B2 (ja) | 2016-02-10 |
US20150017562A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
EP2822074A4 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
CA2866016A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 |
JPWO2013129453A1 (ja) | 2015-07-30 |
EP2822074A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
CN104145361A (zh) | 2014-11-12 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5858138B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 | |
US10193168B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
JP5835461B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5804181B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 | |
JP5704228B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
US20150004512A1 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
JP5915730B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 | |
US9853316B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
WO2013180080A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 | |
JP2014241260A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5871014B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5858137B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13755597 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2014502300 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14381867 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2866016 Country of ref document: CA |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2013755597 Country of ref document: EP |