WO2013127347A1 - 数控切割机自动控制方法 - Google Patents

数控切割机自动控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013127347A1
WO2013127347A1 PCT/CN2013/071978 CN2013071978W WO2013127347A1 WO 2013127347 A1 WO2013127347 A1 WO 2013127347A1 CN 2013071978 W CN2013071978 W CN 2013071978W WO 2013127347 A1 WO2013127347 A1 WO 2013127347A1
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cutting
cutting machine
comparison table
parameters
control method
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PCT/CN2013/071978
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French (fr)
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苗芳
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Miao Fang
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/409Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using manual input [MDI] or by using control panel, e.g. controlling functions with the panel; characterised by control panel details, by setting parameters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control method, in particular to an automatic control method capable of realizing a quick, simple and accurate cutting of a numerical control cutting machine, belonging to the field of cutting processing control. Background technique
  • the CNC cutting machine is divided into portable and desktop according to the structure.
  • the desktop CNC cutting machine adopts integral frame structure, high stability, strong and durable. It is suitable for processing large workpieces with large size and mass production. It is the first choice for large-scale sheet cutting production. device.
  • the portable CNC cutting machine is small in size, light in weight, small in space, easy to assemble, and suitable for use in places where the field size is small and the number of workpieces is small.
  • Existing CNC cutting boring tools are widely used in the automotive industry, shipbuilding industry, decoration and decoration industry, and various sheet metal processing industries.
  • the existing CNC cutting machine although the cutting process is automatic control, no personnel operation is required, but in the preliminary preparation, it is necessary to set more control parameters according to different plates, different thicknesses, different voltages, different processing patterns, etc., so that The preparatory work time is long, the process is cumbersome, and the processing efficiency and processing speed are severely restricted.
  • the parameter setting is based on experience. The human factors are heavier. If you are slightly careless, it will cause parameter setting deviation or Errors, affecting the quality of the processing, or resulting in different quality of the products processed by different operators, causing troubles in the use and delivery of the finished products.
  • the present invention aims to provide an automatic control method for the numerical control cutting machine which can greatly reduce the number of previous parameter settings, simplify the parameter setting process, and unify the parameter setting standard, and ensure the processing. Under the premise of quality, the setting process is greatly simplified and the cutting efficiency is improved.
  • the automatic control method of the CNC cutting machine includes:
  • the controller automatically compares with the comparison table through the entered parameters to determine the cutting speed corresponding to the parameter or the closest.
  • the controller controls the CNC cutting machine to start automatic cutting until the cutting is completed.
  • the main control parameters include: sheet type, sheet thickness and plasma source current.
  • a plurality of comparison tables are created based on the type of the plate.
  • the thickness of the plate in each comparison table is the ordinate
  • the plasma source current is the abscissa
  • the intersection of the coordinates is the cutting speed.
  • the step B further includes: B01, artificially adjusting the determined cutting speed or performing artificial correction of the cutting speed according to different cutting stages.
  • the automatic control method of the numerical control cutting machine according to the invention is based on actual working experience, and a comparison table is established between the main control parameters and the cutting speed of the numerical control cutting machine.
  • the controller compares with the comparison table. , complete the cutting speed selection, and finally achieve efficient and smooth cutting process. It not only simplifies the parameter setting process, reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves the cutting efficiency, but also standardizes and standardizes the part cutting process, ensures the uniformity of product processing quality and processing effect, and overcomes the human experience for parameter setting and processing.
  • the influence of quality promotes the rapid and efficient cutting process, especially for new operators with less experience, it is simple and easy to learn, easy to use, and effectively guarantees the smooth progress of production. detailed description
  • the center of the invention is to automatically compare the cutting table by establishing a comparison table to determine the cutting speed parameters required for the actual cutting process, and to minimize the human factors to improve the processing quality and processing stability of the product and ensure the processing efficiency.
  • Step 1 Using the main control parameters of the numerical control cutting machine as a reference, and establishing a corresponding comparison table with the cutting speed, and comparing The table is stored in the controller of the CNC cutting machine;
  • the cutting quality and cutting speed in the actual cutting process are most affected and most directly affected by the three types of plate types, plate thickness and plasma supply current. Therefore, by establishing a comparison table based on these three parameters, the cutting process can be most intuitively reflected to ensure the cutting quality.
  • comparison table when the comparison table is established based on the three parameters, firstly, a plurality of relatively independent comparison tables are established based on the type of the plate, wherein the types of the plates are: carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, plexiglass, etc.
  • Each comparison table corresponds to one plate; then, a coordinate system is established in each comparison table, the abscissa is the plasma supply current, the ordinate is the plate thickness, and the coordinate intersection is the corresponding cutting speed; finally, by the horizontal and vertical coordinates Fill in the corresponding data and the comparison table is completed.
  • Step 2 When the operator enters the main control parameters for cutting, the controller automatically compares with the comparison table through the entered parameters to determine the cutting speed corresponding to the parameter or the closest.
  • the operator needs to input the three parameters according to the type of the plate, the thickness of the plate and the plasma power supply current, so that the input of the past dozens of parameters becomes only three parameters, Simplified setup process.
  • the cutting speed corresponding to or closest to the input parameter is determined by comparison with the comparison table.
  • the closest cutting speed is mainly caused by uneven thickness or non-standard thickness of the sheet. At this time, the cutting speed is determined based on the closest thickness in the comparison table.
  • Step 3 artificially adjust the determined cutting speed or perform artificial correction according to different cutting stages.
  • control method also provides a mode for modifying the cutting speed at any time, through artificial modification and control to adapt to different stages of cutting needs. , thereby further improving and guaranteeing the quality of the cut.
  • Step 4 According to the determined cutting speed, the controller controls the CNC cutting machine to perform automatic cutting until the cutting is completed.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种数控切割机自动控制方法,首先,以数控切割机主要控制参数为基准,与切割速度建立对照表,并将对照表存入控制器中;接着,当操作者录入主要控制参数后,控制器通过录入的参数自动与对照表比对,确定切割速度;最后,根据确定的切割速度,控制器控制数控切割机自动切割,直至切割完成。其过程,大大简化了前期参数设定的数量,提高了工作效率,减少了劳动强度,同时,有效保证了加工质量和加工效果的统一性,克服了人为经验对参数设定和加工质量的影响,简单易学、易用,适合在各种数控切割机上安装、使用。

Description

数控切割机自动控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制方法, 特别涉及一种可实现数控切割机快速、 简便、 准确切割的 自动控制方法, 属于切割加工控制领域。 背景技术
数控切割机按结构分为便携式和台式两种, 台式数控切割机采用整体框架结构, 稳定 性高, 结实、 耐用, 适合加工尺寸较大和需批量生产的大型工件, 是大规模板材切割生产 的首选设备。 便携式数控切割机体积小、 重量轻, 占用空间少, 易于组装, 适于在一些场 地小, 加工工件批量少的地方使用。 现有数控切割巳广泛应用于汽车制造业、 造船业、 装 饰装修业以及各种板材加工业等。
近年来, 随着市场化进程的不断深入, 数控切割领域不断扩展, 加工的产品也是多种 多样, 特别是出现了加工工件复杂化、 原材料多样化、 加工批量小型化、 加工速度高效化 的趋势, 使得企业一方面为应对发展需不断提高操作人员的基本素质和熟练程度, 积累实 际工作经验, 另一方面也对现有数控切割机的控制过程提出了更新、 更高的要求, 以满足 使用需要。
现有数控切割机, 虽然切割过程为自动化控制, 无需人员操作, 但前期准备中却需根 据不同的板材、 不同的厚度、 不同的电压、 不同的加工样式等设定较多的控制参数, 使得 前期准备工作时间较长, 过程繁琐, 加工效率和加工速度受到严重制约, 特别是参数设定 的好坏完全依靠经验进行, 人为因素较重, 稍有不慎, 就会造成参数设定偏差或错误, 给 加工质量带来影响, 或者造成不同的操作者加工出的产品质量不统一, 给成品的使用和交 付带来烦恼。 而在一些特殊环节, 如: 为追求产量, 操作工人有时还会擅自加快切割速 度, 不仅会使产品质量下降, 还会损害公司形象; 而一旦发生操作人员调整或者更新设 备, 还会出现切割质量明显下降的趋势。 如此种种, 都是广大加工企业所不能接受的。
对现有数控切割机的控制方法进行改进, 在保留现有切割过程自动化的前提下, 尽量 减少前期人为设定参数的影响, 提高企业的规模效益和经济效益, 就成为本发明想要解决 的问题。 发明内容
鉴于上述现有数控切割机控制方法存在的不足, 本发明旨在提供一种可大幅减少前期 参数设置数量、 简化参数设定过程、 统一参数设定标准的数控切割机自动控制方法, 在保 证加工质量的前提下, 以充分简化设定过程、 提高切割效率。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
数控切割机自动控制方法, 具体步骤包括:
A、 以数控切割机主要控制参数为基准, 与切割速度建立相应对照表, 并将对照表存入 数控切割机的控制器中。
B、 当操作者录入主要控制参数进行切割时, 控制器通过录入的参数自动与对照表进行 比对, 确定与参数相对应的或最接近的切割速度。
C、 根据确定的切割速度, 控制器控制数控切割机开始自动切割, 直至切割完成。 所述步骤 A中, 主要控制参数包括: 板材种类、 板材厚度和等离子电源电流。
所述步骤 A中, 以板材种类为基准创建多个对照表, 每个对照表中板材厚度为纵坐标, 等离子电源电流为横坐标, 坐标交汇处为切割速度。
所述步骤 B还包括: B01、 对确定的切割速度进行人为调整或根据不同切割阶段进行切 割速度的人为校正。
本发明所述的数控切割机自动控制方法, 以实际工作经验为基础, 利用数控切割机主 要控制参数与切割速度建立对照表, 当操作者录入相应控制参数后, 控制器与对照表进行 比对, 完成切割速度的选定, 最终实现切割过程的高效、 顺畅进行。 不仅简化了参数设定 过程, 减轻了工人劳动强度, 提高了切割效率, 还使零件切割过程规范化、 标准化, 保证 了产品加工质量和加工效果的统一性, 克服了人为经验对参数设定和加工质量的影响, 促 进了切割过程快速、 高效进行, 特别是对经验较差的新操作者来说, 更是简单易学、 易 用, 有效保障了企业生产的顺利进行。 具体实施方式
本发明的中心是通过建立对照表进行自动比对, 确定出实际切割过程所需的切割速度 参数, 将人为因素降到最低, 以提高产品加工质量和加工稳定性, 保证加工效率。
下面对本发明所述的数控切割机自动控制方法做进一步的详细描述, 具体步骤包括: 步骤一、 以数控切割机主要控制参数为基准, 与切割速度建立相应对照表, 并将对照 表存入数控切割机的控制器中;
根据以往经验, 实际切割过程中切割质量和切割速度受板材种类、 板材厚度和等离子 电源电流三个参数的影响最大、 最直接。 故, 以此三个参数为基准建立对照表, 则最能直 观反应出切割过程, 保证切割质量。
本例中, 以此三个参数为基准建立对照表时, 首先, 以板材种类为基准建立多个相对 独立的对照表, 其中, 板材种类如: 碳钢、 不锈钢、 铝材、 有机玻璃等, 每个对照表对应 一种板材; 接着, 在每个对照表中建立坐标系, 横坐标为等离子电源电流, 纵坐标为板材 厚度, 坐标交汇处为对应的切割速度; 最后, 按横、 纵坐标填入相应的数据, 对照表制作 完成。
步骤二、 当操作者录入主要控制参数进行切割时, 控制器通过录入的参数自动与对照 表进行比对, 确定出与参数相对应的或最接近的切割速度。
由于实际工作中, 加工零件的不断变化, 操作者需根据板材种类、 板材厚度和等离子 电源电流进行三个参数的前期输入, 使以往几十个参数的输入变为只需输入三个参数, 大 大简化了设置过程。 输入的三个参数被控制器调用后, 通过与对照表的比对, 确定出与输 入参数相对应或最接近的切割速度。 其中, 最接近的切割速度主要是因为板材厚度的不均 或非标准厚度引起, 此时, 以对照表中最接近厚度为准进行切割速度的确定。
步骤三、 对确定的切割速度进行人为调整或根据不同切割阶段进行人为校正。
由于切割过程较为复杂, 特别是图案繁琐或有特殊要求的地方, 为适应局部切割需 要, 本控制方法中还提供了随时修改切割速度的模式, 通过人为修改和控制, 以适应不同 阶段的切割需要, 从而进一步提高和保证切割质量。
步骤四、 根据确定的切割速度, 控制器控制数控切割机进行自动切割, 直至切割完 成。
至此, 通过一次简单的三个参数的设定, 即可完成整个切割过程, 使切割质量和切割 速度都得到大幅提升。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 数控切割机自动控制方法, 其特征在于, 具体步骤包括:
A、 以数控切割机主要控制参数为基准, 与切割速度建立相应对照表, 并将对照表存入 数控切割机的控制器中;
B、 当操作者录入主要控制参数进行切割时, 控制器通过录入的参数自动与对照表进行 比对, 确定与参数相对应的或最接近的切割速度;
C、 根据确定的切割速度, 控制器控制数控切割机开始自动切割, 直至切割完成。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的数控切割机自动控制方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 A中, 主要 控制参数包括: 板材种类、 板材厚度和等离子电源电流。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的数控切割机自动控制方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 A中, 以板 材种类为基准创建多个对照表, 每个对照表中板材厚度为纵坐标, 等离子电源电流为横坐 标, 坐标交汇处为切割速度。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的数控切割机自动控制方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 B还包括: B01、 对确定的切割速度进行人为调整或根据不同切割阶段进行切割速度的人为校正。
PCT/CN2013/071978 2012-03-02 2013-02-28 数控切割机自动控制方法 WO2013127347A1 (zh)

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CN102591259B (zh) * 2012-03-02 2013-11-20 北京灿烂阳光科技发展有限公司 数控切割机自动控制方法
JP5579347B1 (ja) * 2014-01-15 2014-08-27 三菱電機株式会社 数値制御装置

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