WO2013127258A1 - 一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器 - Google Patents

一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013127258A1
WO2013127258A1 PCT/CN2013/000189 CN2013000189W WO2013127258A1 WO 2013127258 A1 WO2013127258 A1 WO 2013127258A1 CN 2013000189 W CN2013000189 W CN 2013000189W WO 2013127258 A1 WO2013127258 A1 WO 2013127258A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
annular
needle
wall
folding arm
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/000189
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王祖扬
Original Assignee
Wang Zuyang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wang Zuyang filed Critical Wang Zuyang
Priority to JP2014559061A priority Critical patent/JP5921726B2/ja
Priority to EP13755242.8A priority patent/EP2821091A4/en
Priority to US14/381,895 priority patent/US9943650B2/en
Publication of WO2013127258A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013127258A1/zh
Priority to IN8051DEN2014 priority patent/IN2014DN08051A/en
Priority to ZA2014/07060A priority patent/ZA201407060B/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3221—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3223—Means impeding or disabling repositioning of used needles at the syringe nozzle
    • A61M2005/3224—Means to disalign the needle tip and syringe nozzle
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3202—Devices for protection of the needle before use, e.g. caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/04—Force
    • F04C2270/042—Force radial
    • F04C2270/0421—Controlled or regulated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and more particularly to a needle pull-back safety self-destructing syringe, and more particularly to a mechanical connection structure thereof.
  • the elastic body wherein the core rod body has a certain elasticity, wherein the longitudinal notch is narrow and wide, and the outer wall of the upper core rod of the lateral notch protrudes from the outer wall of the lower core rod, and the lateral gap
  • the inner part of the core rod is in the shape of a cylinder
  • the upper needle seat is formed in a cylindrical shape
  • the upper part of the outer wall of the upper needle seat is provided with a reinforcing wing piece
  • the lower part of the outer wall of the upper needle seat is provided with a fixed needle ring of the upper needle seat
  • the upper needle seat The outer diameter of the fixing collar is larger than the diameter of the outer wall of the upper needle seat by 0.05 mm - 0.3 mm
  • the lower needle seat is cylindrical
  • the inner cavity is hollow
  • the inner wall of the lower needle cavity is provided with an annular fixing groove of the lower needle seat.
  • the annular fixing groove of the lower needle seat can cooperate with the fixing convex ring of the upper needle seat, and the inner diameter of the upper cavity of the annular fixing groove of the lower needle seat is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer wall of the upper rod of the upper needle fixing convex ring by 0.1 mm - 0.35 mm, the lower needle
  • the inner diameter of the lower cavity of the annular fixing groove is fixed on the outer diameter of the outer wall of the lower rod of the convex ring, and the lower needle seat is provided with the lower needle ring annular rib at the end of the outer wall of the lower end of the lower needle seat convex ring.
  • the inner wall of the cylinder neck of the cylinder body is respectively provided with a cylinder neck upper limit ring and a cylinder neck lower limit ring, and the distance between the cylinder neck upper limit ring and the cylinder neck lower limit ring is 0.3 mm - 1.5 mm, and the cylinder neck upper limit ring convex
  • the position ring protrudes from the inner wall of the upper neck ring of the cylinder neck and the lower limit ring of the cylinder neck to 0.02 mm - 0.25 mm
  • the inner diameter of the upper cylinder of the upper cylinder of the upper end of the cylinder neck is between the upper limit ring of the cylinder neck and the lower limit ring of the cylinder neck
  • the inner wall of the cylinder at the lower part of the rib is provided with a convex rib in the cylinder, the distance between the limiting rib of the cylinder and the rib in the cylinder is the thickness of the annular limiting piece, and the inner diameter of the limiting rib of the cylinder is smaller than that of the annular limiting piece. diameter.
  • the core rod includes a core rod body, the upper end portion of the core rod body is provided with a columnar fastener, and the columnar fastener is sleeved with a rubber plug, wherein the rubber plug is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is provided with a pouring Hook body.
  • the function of retracting the needle by using the barb body is realized, and the safety injection is realized, and the general barb body is a metal piece or a plastic part.
  • Metal parts need to be processed and matched or assembled with the core rod.
  • the manufacturing process is complicated, difficult and not stable, which not only increases the processing steps and manufacturing costs, but also increases the safety and product quality of the metal parts themselves and their assembly process. Uncertainty in terms of hidden dangers.
  • Existing plastic barbs still have defects or imperfections in structure and thus cause safety hazards or safety holes in the use of the product.
  • the existing plastic inverted fastener design can realize the needle pullback function, but in use, the needle is still in a normal trajectory after being pulled back, and the needle may be pushed out again, causing the user to be damaged twice.
  • the existing single needle seat back-pull safety self-destructing syringe or safety syringe has the same problem, that is, how to solve the stability of the inner needle seat and the cylinder and achieve a certain strength to meet the stability.
  • sexual requirements At the same time, the required pulling force when retracting the needle holder should not be too large for convenient use.
  • the rigid mating structure can achieve a stable locking effect on the inner needle seat and the inner wall of the cylinder, it is difficult or even impossible to achieve convenient use at the same time.
  • the inherent instability of the plastic material and its susceptibility to changes in ambient temperature can result in poor stability of the product of the hard-fit structure, and the quality and precision of the production process are difficult to control, making it almost impossible to achieve mass production.
  • the needle holder in the syringe and the syringe barrel are locked to each other by an elastic buffer mechanism, and the deformation of the buffer gap is utilized.
  • the expansion force is used to achieve the locking and disengaging effect of the two.
  • the elastic buffering mechanism can be disposed at the inner needle seat or at the inner wall of the cylinder.
  • the inner needle seat and the cylinder body form an elastic buffering engagement mechanism that can cooperate with each other.
  • the end of the core rod is provided with an elastic locking function, and the locking member can be locked with the inner cavity of the syringe needle seat by means of engagement.
  • the needle seat When the needle holder is pulled back into the syringe barrel, under the force of the asymmetric elastic structure, the needle seat will be deflected to one side by force; the injection needle will therefore fall toward the inner wall side of the cylinder in the direction of nearly forty-five degrees. And locked by the neck of the cylinder, thereby causing the injection needle and the needle seat to be unable to be pushed out again to the neck of the cylinder, effectively preventing the secondary damage caused by the needle being pushed out again, realizing the safe self-destruction operation of the syringe, overcoming the existing The shortcomings and deficiencies in the technology.
  • a needle pullback type safe self-destructing injector comprises a cylinder body; a needle seat body is arranged in the cylinder neck of the end of the cylinder body; a core rod is arranged in the cylinder body; and a rubber plug is arranged near the end of the core rod.
  • the utility model is characterized in that: the upper part of the needle seat body is placed in the neck of the cylinder, and the middle part of the needle seat body forms an elastic sealing limit portion, and the lower part of the needle seat body is connected with the outer casing type pull-back locking component, and the surface of the elastic sealing limit portion is opened with a ring shape
  • the buffer gap, the outer wall of the elastic sealing limit portion outside the annular buffer gap forms an annular seal limit engagement portion, and the end of the core rod is provided with an asymmetric elastic locking pullback member.
  • the present invention discloses a needle pullback type safe self-destructing syringe.
  • the end of the syringe core rod is provided with an asymmetric pull-back locking member with elastic function; the asymmetric structure and the elastic function design ensure that the locking member can be smoothly inserted into the inner cavity of the needle seat, and realize the two functions by utilizing the elastic expansion function.
  • the side asymmetric engaging portion is locked and locked with the outer casing pull-back locking component engaging portion of the needle socket inner cavity.
  • the asymmetric pull-back locking member touches the state in the propulsion state, and the two will relatively generate buffer deformation, so that the locking member can be snapped into the outer casing.
  • the inner cavity of the locking assembly is pulled and interlocked with the outer casing pull-back locking assembly when the locking member is retracted.
  • the asymmetric elastic pull-back locking member is a plastic barb.
  • the plastic barb body adopts a design principle of asymmetry and an elastomer structure, and the specific angle and size design make the barb body have an elastic buffer locking function.
  • the above asymmetric elastic pull-back locking member is integrated with the core rod, and the integral part is formed by one-time opening molding, and no separate processing or subsequent assembly is required, which effectively reduces the manufacturing cost, simplifies the assembly process, and reduces the assembly process.
  • the product is easy to use, The working condition is stable.
  • the asymmetric elastic pull-back piece at the end of the core rod has excellent engagement and locking effect on the inner cavity of the needle seat, the overall structure of the product is reasonable, the concept is clever, and it is easy to popularize and apply. Compared with the existing product design and technology, the design has Significant technical breakthroughs with outstanding safety and practical features.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
  • FIG 2 is an assembled view of the hub body and the jacket type pull-back locking assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a barb body according to the present invention.
  • 5 is a second use state diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a third use state diagram of the present invention.
  • the present invention is a needle pull-back type safe self-destructing syringe, which comprises a cylinder body 1.
  • the neck portion 2 of the end portion of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a needle seat body 3, and a core rod is arranged in the cylinder body 1. 8.
  • a rubber plug 9 is disposed near the end of the core rod 8.
  • the prior art is different from the prior art in that: the upper part of the needle seat body 3 is placed in the cylinder neck 2, and the middle portion of the needle seat body 3 forms an elastic sealing limit portion 4,
  • the lower portion of the hub body 3 is connected to the outer casing type pull-back locking assembly 5, and the annular sealing gap 6 is formed on the surface of the elastic sealing limiting portion 4, and the outer sealing portion of the elastic sealing limiting portion 4 outside the annular buffering gap 6 forms an annular sealing limit.
  • the position of the engaging portion 7, the end of the core rod 8 is provided with an asymmetric elastic locking pullback member 10.
  • the elastic sealing limit portion can achieve the requirement of stable engagement between the inner needle seat body and the cylinder body, and can realize the effect of lightly withdrawing.
  • one or both sides of the asymmetric elastic locking pullback member form an elastic mechanism, and the side outer end of the elastic mechanism of the asymmetric elastic locking pullback member protrudes from the asymmetric elastic locking pullback member and The outer wall of the rod connection ensures the locking and deflection of the needle head.
  • the asymmetric elastic locking pullback member 10 is a barb body, the barb body is made of plastic material, and is integrated with the core rod 8 body, once opened, or inverted The hook body and the core rod 8 are assembled in a body.
  • the above-mentioned barbs can also be assembled to the end of the core rod by other assembly structures.
  • the lower end of the barb body forms a base portion 11, and the upper portion of the base portion 11 forms a first folding arm 12 that is deflected to one side, and the connection between the first folding arm 12 and the base portion 11
  • the outer side wall is formed into a concave shape An arc 13 or a corner, the arc angle is 45 degrees to 179 degrees, the lower end of the first folding arm 12 is connected to the upper end of the base portion 11, and the upper end of the first folding arm 12 is connected to one end of the second folding arm 14
  • the other end of the second folding arm 14 is suspended, and the outer side of the junction of the first folding arm 12 and the second folding arm 14 forms a circular arc surface 15, and the inner side of the junction of the first folding arm 12 and the second folding arm 14 forms 2 to 90.
  • the inner angle of the angle 17, the width of the opening between the floating end of the second folding arm 17 and the first folding arm 15 is 0.5 mm - 40 mm, and the length of the first folding arm 12 is 0.5 mm - 50 mm.
  • the length of the second folding arm 14 is 0.5 mm - 60 mm.
  • the structure is designed in such a way as to ensure the locking effect and deflection function of the needle head.
  • the core rod 8 is formed with four ribs 18 of a cross shape and the like, and the outer edge of the rib 18 is provided with a limiting flap 19, and the limiting flap 19 is reinforced.
  • the rib 18 is connected by at least two contacts 20. After the syringe is assembled, the top end of the limiting flap just faces up to the lower end of the cylinder, preventing the external force from being applied before the syringe is used, causing the core rod to move forward, causing the syringe to be accidental. scrapped. When in use, simply bend the limit flap along the contact to fold it away from the rib.
  • the annular buffer gap 6 is an annular groove structure, the height of the notch to the bottom of the groove is 0.05mm-4mm, the width of the annular buffer gap 6 is 0.05mm-4mm, ring buffer
  • the distance between the outer groove wall of the gap 6 and the arc top of the annular seal limit engagement portion 7 is 0.1 mm-6 mm, and the outer groove wall groove of the annular buffer gap 6 and the outer wall of the annular seal limit engagement portion 7
  • the distance between the outer side of the groove wall of the annular buffer gap 6 and the outer wall of the annular seal limiting engagement portion 7 is 0.1 mm-6 mm
  • the annular seal limit engagement portion is The surface of the ⁇ is curved, and the distance from the surface of the annular seal to the edge of the arc is less than the distance from the top of the arc to the lower edge of the arc, and the lower portion of the annular seal is engaged.
  • An annular recess 22 is formed at the outer wall of the elastic seal limiting portion 4.
  • the annular recess 22 is located on the same horizontal surface as the groove bottom of the annular buffer gap 6 or above the groove bottom of the annular buffer gap 6.
  • the barrel neck 2 of the barrel 1 is externally sleeved with a barrel sheath 23.
  • the inner wall of the cylinder neck 2 of the cylinder 1 is provided with an annular sealing limit recess 24 matching the annular sealing limit engaging portion 7, and the annular sealing limiting recess 24
  • the depth is 0.01 mm - 4 mm
  • the height of the annular seal limiting recess 24 is 0.01 mm - 6 min
  • the bottom of the recess of the annular seal limiting recess 24 is curved.
  • At least one limiting convex ring 25 is formed on the outer wall of the needle hub body 3.
  • the inner wall of the inner cavity of the outer casing pull-back locking component 5 is provided with a ring-shaped limit corresponding to the limiting convex ring 25.
  • Bit slot 26 is provided.
  • the inner casing of the outer casing pull-back locking assembly 5 is hollow, and an inner wall of the inner cavity forms an annular engagement locking portion 27 near the lower end opening.
  • the upper portion of the annular locking locking portion 27 forms an annular groove 28, and the inner side wall 29 of the annular groove 28 has a thickness of 0.01 mm to 3 mm, and the inner side wall and the annular groove of the annular groove 28
  • the outer side wall 30 forms an angle of 2 to 90 degrees, and the inner diameter formed at the upper end of the inner side wall of the annular groove 28 is 1 mm to 80 mm, and the notch width of the annular groove 28 is larger than the low width of the groove.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器，它包括筒体（1）。所述筒体（1）端部的筒颈（2）内设有针座本体（3）。筒颈（2）与针座本体（3）之间形成弹性缓冲限位机构（4）。注射器芯杆（8）的端部设有带弹性功能的非对称回拉锁定件（10），弹性功能可实现与针座本体（3）下部的外套式回拉锁定组件（5）卡合并锁定。在非对称作用力的受力环境下，针座本体（3）会在回拉入筒体（1）后向一侧形成偏转，注射针因此会以近四十五度角方向倒向筒体（1）内壁一侧，并被筒颈（2）锁定。由此导致注射针及针座本体（3）无法被再次推出筒颈（2），有效防止针头被推出造成的二次损伤，真正实现注射器的安全自毁操作。所述的弹性非对称回拉锁定件（10）为一塑料倒钩体，其与芯杆（8）成一次开模成型。

Description

一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及医疗器械的技术领域， 具体的说是一种针头回拉式安全自毁 注射器， 特别涉及其机械连接结构。
背景技术
[0002] 对比文件一， 专利号： ZL200710047077.4, 申请日： 2007.10.16, 公告号: CN101411908, 专利权人： 上海顶尖堂生化科技有限公司， 本案公开了 "一种安 全自毁式疫苗注射器"， 包括筒体， 筒体内设有芯杆， 芯杆靠近端部处设有胶塞， 筒体的筒颈内设有针头， 针头处设有针管， 其特征在于： 所述芯杆端部的杆体侧 壁设有横向缺口，横向缺口与芯杆端部杆体处的纵向缺口相联通，横向缺口与纵 向缺口相配合， 针头由上针座和下针座套接而成， 下针座内腔中空， 下针座成筒 状结构， 下针座相对于安装上针头座的另一端开口处内壁设有下针头座凸筋，芯 杆端部设有由横向缺口和纵向缺口联通而形成的弹性体，此处的芯杆杆体具有一 定的弹性，其中纵向缺口呈上窄下宽状， 而横向缺口外部开口处上部芯杆杆体外 壁凸出于此处下部芯杆杆体外壁,横向缺口可为外高内低状，芯杆端部成圆弧状， 上针座成柱体状，上针座外壁上段设有加强翼片， 上针座外壁下段设有上针座固 定凸环， 上针座固定凸环的外直径大于上针座外壁直径 0.05mm— 0.3mm， 所述 下针座成柱体状， 其内腔中空， 下针座腔体内壁处设有下针头座环形固定凹槽， 下针头座环形固定凹槽可与上针座固定凸环相配合，下针头座环形固定凹槽上部 腔体的内径小于上针座固定凸环上部杆体外壁外径 0.1mm— 0.35mm,下针头座 环形固定凹槽下部腔体的内径 上针座固定凸环下部杆体外壁外径，下针座相对 于下针头座凸环的另一端外壁端部处设有下针头座环形凸筋，所述筒体的筒颈内 壁处分别设有筒颈上限位环和筒颈下限位环，筒颈上限位环和筒颈下限位环之间 的距离为 0.3mm— 1.5mm, 筒颈上限位环凸出于筒颈上限位环和筒颈下限位环 之间内壁 0.1mm— 0.6mm,筒颈下限位环凸出于筒颈上限位环和筒颈下限位环之 间内壁 0.02mm— 0.25mm，筒颈上限位环上部筒体内腔的内径 筒颈上限位环和 筒颈下限位环之间筒体内腔的内径，筒颈上限位环和筒颈下限位环之间筒体内腔 的内径 筒颈下限位环下部筒体内腔的内径，筒颈上限位环和筒颈下限位环之间 筒体内腔的内径小于下针头座环形凸筋外径 0.1mm—0.5nnn，筒体内腔相对于筒 颈的另一端内壁处设有筒体限位筋， 筒体限位筋可为线性环形筋、多条竖筋构成 的环形筋、一条竖筋、 多个凸起点构成的环形筋， 筒体限位筋下部的筒体内壁处 设有筒体内凸筋，筒体限位筋与筒体内凸筋之间的距离 环形限位片的厚度，筒 体限位筋处的内径小于环形限位片的直径。
[0003] 对比文件二， 专利号： ZL200720067715.4, 申请日： 2007.03.08, 公告号: CN201076648 , 专利权人： 上海顶尖堂生化科技有限公司， 本案公开了 "一种带 有金属钩件结构的芯杆"， 包括芯杆体， 芯杆体的上端部设有柱状扣件， 柱状扣 件处套接有胶塞， 其特征在于： 所述胶塞处设有安装孔， 安装孔内设有倒钩体。
[0004] 现有安全注射器结构中有利用倒钩体实现针头回縮的功能， 实现安全注 射， 一般倒钩体为金属件或塑料件。金属件需要加工并与芯杆配合或组装， 制作 工艺复杂， 难度大且稳定性不佳， 不但增加了加工工序和制造成本， 而且金属件 本身及其装配过程会增加产品在安全性及产品质量方面的隐患等不确定性。现有 塑料倒钩件在结构上仍存在缺陷或不完善的地方并因此导致产品在使用过程中 存在安全隐患或安全漏洞。现有的塑料倒扣件设计， 虽能实现针头回拉功能， 但 在使用中，针头被回拉后仍然处于正常轨迹，针头有可能被再次推出造成使用者 被二次损伤的风险。
[0005] 另外， 现有的单针座回抽式安全自毁式注射器或安全注射器均存在同一 个难题，就是如何解决内针座与筒体之间卡合稳定并达到一定的强度以符合稳定 性要求； 同时， 在回抽针座时所需拉力不能太大以方便使用。硬性配合结构虽然 能达到内针座与筒体内壁的稳定的锁定效果，但却很难甚至是无法同时达到方便 使用的需求。塑料材料本身存在的不稳定性和易受环境温度变化的特性会导致硬 配合结构的产品稳定性极差，生产过程中质量和精度都难以控制， 几乎无法实现 批量生产。
[0006] 综上所述， 仍然需要对现有回拉式注射器的芯杆结构和内针座与筒体之 间的锁定结构进行进一步改进，以进一步完善产品在使用过程中的安全性和稳定 性， 同时达到简化加工工序， 降低制造成本的目的。
发明内容
[0007] 本发明的目的在于提供一种针头回拉式可换针安全自毁式注射器。 注射 器内针座与注射器筒体之间通过弹性缓冲机构相互锁定，利用缓冲间隙的变形产 生扩张力， 实现两者的锁定和脱离效果。该弹性缓冲机构可设置于内针座处， 亦 可设置于筒体内壁处， 同时， 内针座和筒体处均形成可相互配合的弹性缓冲卡合 机构。芯杆端部设有带弹性功能的非对称锁定件， 该锁定件可与注射器针座内腔 通过卡合方式相互锁定。当针座被回拉至注射器筒体内后，在非对称弹性结构的 力量作用下，针座会受力顺势向一侧偏转； 注射针因此会以近四十五角方向倒向 筒体内壁一侧， 并被筒体颈部锁定， 由此导致注射针及针座无法被再次推出筒体 颈部， 有效防止针头被再次推出造成的二次损伤， 实现注射器的安全自毁操作， 克服了现有技术中存在的缺点和不足。
[0008] 为了实现上述目的， 本发明的技术方案是： 一种针头回拉式安全自毁注 射器。 它包括筒体； 所述筒体端部的筒颈内设有针座本体； 筒体内设有芯杆； 芯 杆靠近端部处设有胶塞。其特征在于： 所述针座本体上部置于筒颈内， 针座本体 中段形成弹性密封限位部，针座本体下部与外套式回拉锁定组件连接， 弹性密封 限位部表面开设有环状缓冲间隙，环状缓冲间隙外侧的弹性密封限位部外壁处形 成环状密封限位卡合部， 芯杆端部设有非对称弹性锁定回拉件。
[0009] 本发明公开了一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器。 其注射器芯杆的端部设 有带弹性功能的非对称回拉锁定件；非对称结构配合弹性功能设计可确保该锁定 件能顺利插入针座内腔，并利用其弹性扩张的功能， 实现两侧非对称卡合部与针 座内腔的外套式回拉锁定组件卡合部卡合并锁定。由于外套式回拉锁定组件卡内 腔的环形凹槽也具有弹性缓冲特性， 故与非对称回拉锁定件在推进状态触及时， 两者会相对产生缓冲变形，便于锁定件卡入外套式回拉锁定组件内腔， 并在锁定 件回抽时与外套式回拉锁定组件相互锁定。当针座被回拉至注射器筒体内后，在 非对称作用力的受力环境下，针座会向一侧形成偏转，注射针因此会以近四十五 角方向倒向筒体内壁一侧， 并被筒体颈部锁定， 由此导致注射针及针座无法被再 次推出筒体颈部，有效防止针头被再次推出造成二次损伤， 真正实现注射器的安 全自毁操作。在本发明具体实施时，所述的非对称弹性回拉锁定件为一塑料倒钩 体。该塑料倒钩体采用非对称性和弹性体结构巧妙配合的设计原理，运用特定的 角度和尺寸设计，使得倒钩本体具备弹性缓冲锁定功能。上述非对称弹性回拉锁 定件与芯杆成一体结构，整体部件釆用一次开模成型，无需单独加工或后续装配， 有效降低了制造成本， 简化了装配工艺， 减少了装配工序。 产品使用操作简单， 工作状态稳定。 芯杆端部的非对称弹性回拉件与针座内腔的卡合锁定效果极佳， 产品整体结构合理， 构思巧妙， 易于推广应用， 相比现有产品设计和技术而言， 设计上具有显著的技术性突破， 并具有突出的安全性和实用性特点。
附图说明
[0010] 图 1为本发明结构示意图。
[0011] 图 2为本发明针座本体与外套式回拉锁定组件装配图。
[0012] 图 3为本发明倒钩体结构示意图。
[0013] 图 4为本发明第一使用状态图。
[0014] 图 5为本发明第二使用状态图。
【0015】 图 6为本发明第三使用状态图。
具体实施方式
[0016] 下面参照附图， 对本发明进一步进行描述。
[0017] 本发明为一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 它包括筒体 1， 所述筒体 1端 部的筒颈 2内设有针座本体 3， 筒体 1内设有芯杆 8， 芯杆 8靠近端部处设有胶 塞 9， 其区别于现有技术在于： 所述针座本体 3上部置于筒颈 2内， 针座本体 3 中段形成弹性密封限位部 4， 针座本体 3下部与外套式回拉锁定组件 5连接， 弹 性密封限位部 4表面开设有环状缓冲间隙 6， 环状缓冲间隙 6外侧的弹性密封限 位部 4外壁处形成环状密封限位卡合部 7， 芯杆 8端部设有非对称弹性锁定回拉 件 10。所述弹性密封限位部使得内针座本体与筒体间既能达到稳定卡合的要求， 又能实现轻便退出的效果。
[0018] 上述非对称弹性锁定回拉件的一侧或两侧形成弹性机构， 且该非对称弹 性锁定回拉件一侧弹性机构的侧部外端突出于该非对称弹性锁定回拉件与杆体 连接部的外壁， 如此才能确保其与针头部的卡锁效果和偏转功能。
[0019] 在具体实施时， 所述非对称弹性锁定回拉件 10为一倒钩体， 所述倒钩体 为塑料材质， 且与芯杆 8 部成一体结构， 一次开模成型， 或者倒钩体与芯杆 8 成分体式装配结构。
[0020] 在具体实施时， 上述倒钩体也可通过其它装配结构， 组装至芯杆端部。
[0021] 在具体实施时， 所述倒钩体下端形成基座部 11， 基座部 11上部形成向一 侧偏转的第一折臂 12， 第一折臂 12与基座部 11 的连接处外侧壁形成内凹状的 圆弧 13角或折角， 该圆弧角呈 45度至 179度， 第一折臂 12的下端与基座部 11 的上端连接， 第一折臂 12的上端与第二折臂 14一端连接， 第二折臂 14另一端 悬空， 第一折臂 12与第二折臂 14连接处的外侧形成圆弧面 15, 第一折臂 12与 第二折臂 14连接处的内侧形成 2度至 90度的内夹角 17， 第二折臂 17的悬空端 与第一折臂 15之间形成开口的宽度为 0.5mm— 40mm， 所述第一折臂 12的长度 为 0.5mm— 50mm， 所述第二折臂 14的长度为 0.5mm— 60mm。 如此设计结构才 能确保其与针头部的卡锁效果和偏转功能。
[0022] 在具体实施时， 所述芯杆 8处形成四片十字形等夹角分布的加强筋 18, 加强筋 18外边缘处设有限位折片 19，所述限位折片 19与加强筋 18之伺通过至 少两个触点 20连接， 注射器装配完成后， 限位折片的顶端刚好向上抵住筒体下 端， 防止注射器使用之前受到外力作用， 导致芯杆向前位移， 导致注射器意外报 废。 使用时， 只需沿着触点弯折限位折片， 便可将其从加强筋处折去。
[0023] 在具体实施时， 所述环状缓冲间隙 6为环形槽结构， 其槽口至槽底的高 度为 0.05mm-4mm， 环状缓冲间隙 6的宽度为 0.05mm-4mm，环状缓冲间隙 6外 侧槽壁与环状密封限位卡合部 7表面弧面弧顶的距离为 0.1mm-6mm， 环状缓冲 间隙 6外侧槽壁槽口处与环状密封限位卡合部 7外壁之间的距离为 0.1mm-6mm， 环状缓冲间隙 6外侧槽壁槽底处与环状密封限位卡合部 7外壁之间的距离为 0.1mm-6mm, 环状密封限位卡合部 Ί 的表面成弧面状， 环状密封限位卡合部 7 表面弧顶至弧面上边缘的距离小于弧顶至弧面下边缘的距离，所述环状密封限位 卡合部 7下部的弹性密封限位部 4外壁处形成环状凹陷 22。
[0024] 在具体实施时， 所述环状凹陷 22与环状缓冲间隙 6的槽底位于同一水平 面或高于环状缓冲间隙 6的槽底。
[0025] 在具体实施时， 所述筒体 1的筒颈 2外部套接有筒体护套 23。
[0026] 在具体实施时，所述筒体 1的筒颈 2内壁处设有与环状密封限位卡合部 7 相配合的环状密封限位凹陷 24， 环状密封限位凹陷 24的深度为 0.01mm-4mm， 环状密封限位凹陷 24的高度为 0.01mm-6min,环状密封限位凹陷 24的凹陷底部 成弧面状。
[0027] 在具体实施时， 所述针座本体 3外部壁处形成至少一限位凸环 25, 外套 式回拉锁定组件 5内腔内壁处设有与限位凸环 25相配合的环形限位槽 26。 [0028] 在具体实施时， 所述外套式回拉锁定组件 5 内腔中空， 其内腔内壁靠近 下端开口处形成环状卡合锁定部 27。
[0029] 在具体实施时， 所述环状卡合锁定部 27的上部形成环形凹槽 28， 环形凹 槽 28内侧壁 29的厚度为 0.01mm-3mm，环形凹槽 28内侧壁与环形凹槽 28外侧 壁 30 形成 2 度至 90 度夹角， 环形凹槽 28 内侧壁上端处形成的内直径为 lmm-80mm, 所述环形凹槽 28的槽口宽度大于槽低宽度。
[0030] 在实际操作中， 如图 3至图 4中所示， 吸液后开始注射， 将芯杆缓缓推 进，由于非对称弹性锁定回拉件的总宽度大于外套式回拉锁定组件处环形凹槽内 径， 故两者触及后， 非对称弹性锁定回拉件一侧变形后， 使得宽度变窄后进入外 套式回拉锁定组件内腔， 当进入内腔后， 受力效果失去， 非对称弹性锁定回拉件 恢复原来形状， 此时， 注射完成， 向后拉动芯杆， 该非对称弹性锁定回拉件（倒 钩体第二折臂的悬空端）侧端刚好卡在外套式回拉锁定组件的环形凹槽内，在芯 杆拉力的作用下，拉力通过外套式回拉锁定组件传导至针座本体处，针座本体的 弹性密封限位部处环状缓冲间隙受力变形， 随着环状缓冲间隙变窄，环状密封限 位卡合部从筒体处的环状密封限位凹陷内滑出， 最后整个针头部被拉入筒体内 腔，在非对称弹性锁定回拉件的作用下，针头部向一侧偏转，脱离正常位移轨迹， 故无法再次装配到筒颈内， 实现注射器的安全自毁操作。
[0031] 以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明， 不能认定本发明具体实施只局限于上述这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普 通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替 换， 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 它包括筒体 （1 )， 所述筒体 （1 ) 端部的筒 颈 （2) 内设有针座本体 （3 )， 筒体 （1 ) 内设有芯杆 （8)， 芯杆 （8) 靠近端部 处设有胶塞 （9)， 其特征在于： 所述针座本体（3 )上部置于筒颈（2) 内， 针座 本体（3 ) 中段形成弹性密封限位部（4)， 针座本体（3 )下部与外套式回拉锁定 组件（5 )连接， 弹性密封限位部（4)表面开设有环状缓冲间隙（6)， 环状缓冲 间隙（6)外侧的弹性密封限位部（4)外壁处形成环状密封限位卡合部（7)， 芯 杆 （8) 端部设有非对称弹性锁定回拉件 （10)。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 非对称弹性锁定回拉件（10)为一倒钩体，所述倒钩体为塑料材质，且与芯杆（8) 部成一体结构， 一次开模成型， 或者倒钩体与芯杆 （8) 成分体式装配结构。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 倒钩体下端形成基座部（ 11 )，基座部（ 11 )上部形成向一侧偏转的第一折臂（12)， 第一折臂（12)与基座部 （11 ) 的连接处外侧壁形成内凹状的圆弧（13 )角或折 角， 该圆弧角呈 45度至 179度， 第一折臂 （12) 的下端与基座部 （11 ) 的上端 连接， 第一折臂 （12) 的上端与第二折臂 （14)一端连接， 第二折臂 （14)另一 端悬空， 第一折臂 （12) 与第二折臂 （14) 连接处的外侧形成圆弧面 （15), 第 一折臂 （12) 与第二折臂 （14) 连接处的内侧形成 2度至 90度的内夹角 （17)， 第二折臂（ 17 )的悬空端与第一折臂（ 15)之间形成开口的宽度为 0.5mm— 40mm， 所述第一折臂（12)的长度为 0.5mm— 50mm，所述第二折臂（14)的长度为 0.5mm -60mm, 所述第二折臂（14) 的悬空端形成刺尖（21 ), 且第二折臂 （14) 的悬 空端突出于基座部 （11 ) 外侧边缘。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 芯杆（8)处形成四片十字形等夹角分布的加强筋（18)， 加强筋（18)外边缘处 设有限位折片 （19)， 所述限位折片 （19) 与加强筋 （18) 之间通过至少两个触 点 (20) 连接。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 环状缓冲间隙 （6) 为环形槽结构， 其槽口至槽底的高度为 0.05mm-4mm， 环状 缓冲间隙（6) 的宽度为 0.05mm-4nim， 环状缓冲间隙（6)外侧槽壁与环状密封 限位卡合部 （7) 表面弧面弧顶的距离为 0.1mm-6mm， 环状缓冲间隙 （6) 外侧 槽壁槽口处与环状密封限位卡合部（7)外壁之间的距离为 0.1mm-6mm， 环状缓 冲间隙 （6 ) 外侧槽壁槽底处与环状密封限位卡合部 （7 ) 外壁之间的距离为 0.1mm-6mm, 环状密封限位卡合部 （7) 的表面成弧面状， 环状密封限位卡合部 (7) 表面弧顶至弧面上边缘的距离小于弧顶至弧面下边缘的距离， 所述环状密 封限位卡合部 （7) 下部的弹性密封限位部 （4) 外壁处形成环状凹陷 （22)。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 环状凹陷 （22) 与环状缓冲间隙 （6) 的槽底位于同一水平面或高于环状缓冲间 隙 （6) 的槽底。
7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 筒体 U ) 的筒颈 （2) 外部套接有筒体护套 （23 )， 所述筒体 （1 ) 的筒颈 （2) 内壁处设有与环状密封限位卡合部（7)相配合的环状密封限位凹陷（24)， 环状 密封限位凹陷 （24) 的深度为为 0.01mm-4mm， 环状密封限位凹陷（24) 的高度 为 0.01mm-6mm， 环状密封限位凹陷 （24) 的凹陷底部成弧面状。
8. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 针座本体 （3 ) 外部壁处形成至少一限位凸环 （25 ), 外套式回拉锁定组件 （5 ) 内腔内壁处设有与限位凸环 （25 ) 相配合的环形限位槽 （26)。
9. 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 外套式回拉锁定组件 （5 ) 内腔中空， 其内腔内壁靠近下端开口处形成环状卡合 锁定部 （27)。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 环状卡合锁定部（27) 的上部形成环形凹槽（28), 环形凹槽（28) 内侧壁（29) 的厚度为 0.01mm-3mm， 环形凹槽 （28) 内侧壁与环形凹槽 （28) 外侧壁 （30) 形成 2度至 90度夹角，环形凹槽 (28 )内侧壁上端处形成的内直径为 lmm-80mm。
11. 根据权利要求 1所述的一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器， 其特征在于： 所述 环形凹槽 （28) 的槽口宽度大于槽低宽度。
PCT/CN2013/000189 2012-02-29 2013-02-26 一种针头回拉式安全自毁注射器 WO2013127258A1 (zh)

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EP13755242.8A EP2821091A4 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-02-26 SAFE SELF-DESTROYING SYRINGE WITH RETRACTABLE NEEDLE
US14/381,895 US9943650B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2013-02-26 Retractable self-destructing safety syringe with pre-attached needle
IN8051DEN2014 IN2014DN08051A (zh) 2012-02-29 2014-09-26
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