WO2013114055A1

WO2013114055A1 - Anchor pile

Info

Publication number: WO2013114055A1
Application number: PCT/FR2013/050217
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jean-Louis Cotillon
Original assignee: Jean-Louis Cotillon
Priority date: 2012-02-02
Filing date: 2013-02-01
Publication date: 2013-08-08
Also published as: FR2986542A1; FR2986542B1

Abstract

The invention relates to an anchor pile (1) comprising a hollow body (10) with longitudinal axis X, a shaft (2) that is housed inside the hollow body and is capable of sliding within said hollow body, and at least two anchoring members (4A, 4B) that are associated with the shaft and are movable by means of the sliding of the shaft and capable of being locked in the extended position by locking means (39, 45), characterized in that each anchoring member (4A, 4B) includes a plate (40).

Description

ANCHOR PIT

The invention relates to an anchoring pile with anchoring members and intended to be hammered into the ground and to be anchored thereto via the anchoring members.

The pile of the invention is more particularly intended to be planted in sandy soils, sandy, or clay and wet. Its function is to implement and deploy shovels to withstand tensile and compressive forces due to equipment to be arranged in height. Without being limited to it, an example is to fix on such piles platforms welcoming photovoltaic panels in deserts of sand.

It is known basic piles whose hollow structure houses anchoring members which are intended to protrude out of the structure when the structure, once introduced into a borehole previously established in the ground, is beaten. More particularly, the threshing of a rod or sliding tube in the structure causes the striking of the anchoring members, allowing their exit outside openings provided in the walls of the structure.

However, such piles do not guarantee their maintenance in any type of soil, rocky, stony, or made of earth that can be loose or not. In addition, the anchor is not locked, it can be ineffective over time. Furthermore, this anchoring system does not allow, once the pile anchored in the ground, disassembly of the pile and removal from the ground, for example for reuse. The patent application WO 2010/130957 proposes an innovative and efficient pile by its simple and effective implementation, its resistant anchoring, and the possibility of easy and quick disassembly.

Such a pile is particularly suitable for soils of rock type, pebbles, hard or loose earth, its anchoring members having ends suitable for anchoring and fastening functions.

However, although very efficient, its use requires drilling that is not always possible in certain environments, especially sand or sandy environments, because it involves keeping the walls of the drilled hole in place.

The purpose of the invention is therefore to provide an anchoring pile which is different from that of the prior art mentioned above, adapted to sandy or sandy terrain, without impairing its performance in terms of the weight to be borne and maintained. perennial in the soil. This pile also has a quick and easy implementation, both in assembly and disassembly. According to the invention, the anchoring pile comprises a hollow body or shaft of longitudinal axis X, a rod housed in the hollow body and able to slide therein, and at least two anchoring members which are associated with the rod being movable by the sliding of the rod and able to be locked in the deployed position by locking means, and is characterized in that that each anchoring member comprises a plate or a plate or a substantially plane element.

The plates or shovels are preferably made of solid material. As a variant, the plate (s) of the anchor members have on all or part of their surface a mesh structure with a mesh adapted to the type of ground in which the pile is to be driven.

The bottom line is that the trays form large areas that lift the sand or other material constitutive ground, when the anchors depart from the hollow body. Once the anchors are fully deployed, the trays ensure stability of the pile. The term "rest position" means the position for which the anchoring members are not in the deployed position, and by "anchoring position", the position for which the anchoring members have begun their deployment or are in position anchored in the ground. Without limitation, by way of example, the pile has the following dimensions:

- length of the drum: 2 m;

- barrel section: 60 mm by 60 mm

- shovel surface: 200 mm long by 70 mm wide; - shovel thickness: 5 mm.

According to one characteristic, each plate has a substantially flat surface, preferably of rectangular geometry. The term "substantially flat" surface, a flat surface, or slightly curved whose convexity is turned towards the opposite of the body of the pile, that is to say facing the external environment.

According to another characteristic, each anchoring member comprises a distal end, external to the barrel, which is tapered and intended to cooperate with a cut-off shoulder of opposite slope. In particular, at least two shoulders are located at the end of the barrel, that intended to be driven into the ground, on at least two of its faces.

The anchoring members, at least the trays, are arranged in the rest position, outside the hollow body. They are assembled to one another by means of pivoting inside the hollow body. The anchoring members are arranged facing and out of the hollow body, being placed parallel against it in the rest position.

Advantageously, the pile comprises, arranged in the hollow body, a movement transmission system connected on the one hand to the rod and on the other hand to the anchoring members.

The movement transmission system is able to control the movement (pivoting) of the anchoring members during the sliding of the rod.

The pile of the invention allows a simple threshing operation on the rod to push it into the ground and achieve its anchoring by pivoting organs and locking once the organs deployed. The anchoring members are connected to each other about a pivot axis arranged in the hollow body and associated with the motion transmission system. In particular, the pivot axis is located transversely to at least one oblong slot arranged in the motion transmission system. To ensure correct anchoring, the anchoring members are open so as to form between them an angle of between 140 and 180 °.

The motion transmission system comprises finger-like pushing elements intended to cooperate with the anchoring members.

The locking means of the anchoring members in the deployed position comprise male-female elements arranged on the anchoring members and the transmission system of the movements, and cooperating by mutual engagement after deployment of the anchoring members and sliding continuation of the rod. Preferably, the hollow body has a distal end intended to be introduced into the ground, which is sharp, in particular having a pyramid shape whose tip is turned outwards.

Finally, the pile is used to support and maintain equipment, including photovoltaic panels.

The pile of the invention allows thanks to its anchoring quality to withstand strong external environmental constraints such as high winds. It can thus be used to support heavy and fragile equipment, such as solar collectors. Easy to set up, the piles of the invention also allow to save labor time to install the equipment they will support in sometimes hostile areas, and also in manufacturing cost and delivery compared to other support systems, such as currently concrete slabs for solar collectors. Indeed, a concrete slab has the disadvantage of monopolizing many trucks to deliver the tons of concrete needed while a few trucks will be enough to deliver the piles. The concrete slab will require several phases of manufacture spread over time over several weeks (formwork, reinforcement, pouring concrete, drying), while the invention will require only a few days of implementation.

The term "internal" in the following description, the qualifier of an element turned towards the axis X, towards the inside of the pile, while "external" means by the opposite qualifier, it that is to say, turned opposite the pile, towards the walls of the hole formed to drive the pile.

The terms "upper" and "lower" qualify the elements in use position of the pile, when it is vertical to be depressed.

The present invention is now described with the aid of examples which are only illustrative and in no way limit the scope of the invention, and from the attached illustrations, in which:

- Figures 1 and 2 show longitudinal sectional views of the pile in the rest position of the anchoring members, respectively on two sides, the pile having a generally parallelepiped shape; - Figure 3 corresponds to Figure 1 in fully deployed position of the anchoring members;

- Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the pile;

- Figure 5 is a perspective view of an anchor member taken separately;

- Figure 6 is a side view of the internal elements of the body of the pile and an anchor member in the rest position;

FIGS. 7a and 7b illustrate sectional and transparent detail views of two respective different positions of the shovels being deployed when the rod is translated downwards;

- Figures 7c and 7d are detailed sectional views showing an excavator deployed in two respective distinct positions of the transmission member during translation and during the downward continuation of the rod.

FIG. 1 illustrates an anchoring pile 1 according to the invention in the rest position of the two opposite parallel anchoring members 4A and 4B, that is to say in a position such that the pile is proposed out of use. The pile is for example intended for supporting and fixing a support on which will be arranged a technical equipment, for example a solar panel.

By its configuration which will be detailed below, the pile is particularly suitable for its driving and its anchoring in sandy soils, the pile being directly driven by threshing or vibrating, without prior drilling.

With reference to FIGS. 1 to 4, the pile 1 of longitudinal axis X has

a hollow body or barrel 10, an elongated element 2 of the rod type able to slide inside the barrel and having an end portion projecting from one of the distal ends of the barrel,

a system 3 inside the barrel, for transmitting the movements of the rod 2,

two anchoring members 4A and 4B arranged outside the barrel for their anchoring functional part and able to be movable from a pivot point located inside the barrel,

two abutment shoulders 5A and 5B arranged outside and at the end of the barrel opposite to the projecting part of the rod 2, the anchoring members 4A and 4B respectively bearing against these shoulders in the state rest,

locking means capable of locking the anchoring members in position when they are fully deployed (FIG. 3), these means being associated on the one hand with the anchoring members

(reference 45), and secondly, in the embodiment shown, to the transmission system 3 (reference 39).

The constituent parts of the entire pile are metallic and are preferably galvanized.

The pile 1 has two opposite ends 1A and 1B. The first proximal end 1A is intended to be planted in the ground and sunken, while the second distal end 1B must protrude from the ground in order to act on it. in order to drive the stake.

Advantageously, the driving end 1 A has a pointed tip 6 to facilitate introduction into the ground. In particular, its shape is that of a pyramid. Preferably, this tip is constituted by an insert 60 and removably attached to the body of the pile by means 61, for example by bolting, so as to easily introduce the manufacture of the pile, or later remove if necessary, the all the constituent parts of the pile and housed inside the barrel.

The part advantageously closes the distal end of the barrel.

The piece is arranged to cap the end of the barrel so that the base of the pyramid forms a peripheral edge outside the barrel to advantageously form the shoulders 5A and 5B.

The barrel 10 has a parallelepipedal shape of preference for convenience of manufacture.

The barrel illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 4, has at its distal end 1B to be external to the ground, an opening January 1 at which the rod 2 is projecting. The shaft accommodates the rod 2 which is intended to be translated in a downward direction by a threshing operation thereon. Note that the clearance between the inner walls of the barrel 10 and the rod 2 is adapted for free sliding of the rod. The rod is locked in translation by being integral with the barrel during the driving of the body of the pile to the depth required to establish the anchoring.

Once the depth reached, the rod 2 is disengaged from the barrel 10 to slide. The descent of the rod controls the translation of the transmission system 3 which in turn actuates the deployment of the anchoring members or shovels 4A and 4B.

The rod 2 and the barrel 10 are of suitable sizes as a function of the desired depth of anchoring, the rod to protrude from the barrel after sliding and anchoring, in order first of all to constitute, by its free end, a means of fixing the support of equipment to be associated with the pile, and secondly be accessible for sliding in the opposite direction in case of removal of the pile.

As seen in Figure 4, the rod 2 has a first distal end 20 projecting from the barrel (the side of the upper end 1 B) comprising a head 22 and a second proximal end 21 opposite, arranged inside the drum and carrying a thrust piece 23.

The head 22 advantageously forms gripping means in order to subsequently associate with the rod means for removing the pile. These gripping means are for example in the form of an orifice 22a, in which can be introduced a hook which will pull on the head 22, lift accordingly the rod 2 causing the closure (folding) of the anchoring members 4A and 4B.

In an upper part 24 not far from the end 20 projecting, the rod 2 comprises, in a plane transverse to the axis of the rod, at least two supports, or in the variant shown here, a peripheral plate 25 for serve as a locking piece held by a bolt 7 preventing the inadvertent opening of shovels during threshing or shaking of the drum. Advantageously, the plate 25 has a perimeter matching the internal section of the barrel and of equivalent surface area to this section to close the inside of the barrel. A sheep-type threshing tool, not illustrated, is intended to be pressed on the rod head 22. By striking the outgoing end of the sheep with a mass or a pneumatic hammer, the tool stop against the head 22 actuates the sliding of the rod 2 when it is disengaged from the barrel.

The pile comprises locking means 7 in translation of the rod 2. These locking means consist of a piece, here a bolt, without limitation, which passes through the barrel 10 at its upper part 12, combined with the plate 25, of so that the plate 25 is placed between the locking piece 7 and the opening 1 1 of the barrel, the plate 25 abutting against this lower part preventing the sliding of the rod 2 during the threshing or vibrating of the pile.

In addition, the locking means 7 prevent during the transport and / or handling of the pile, the inadvertent translation of the rod and prevents the opening of the anchoring members.

In the inoperative position of the anchoring pile, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the anchoring members 4A and 4B are closed, or folded, and extend parallel to the axis X and bear against two opposite external faces. 13 and 14 of the drum 10. The anchoring members are of identical shape and are positioned symmetrically with respect to the X axis.

The rod 2 is fixed to the transmission system 3 whose characteristics will be developed later, the system 3 being moreover associated with the two anchoring members 4A and 4B to control their deployment under the action of the sliding of the rod.

With reference to FIG. 5, the member 4A or 4B, also called a shovel, comprises a plate or plate 40 and a reinforcing and fixing element 41 in the shape of a square.

Each member has a preferably oblong geometry of longitudinal axis Y, its large dimension extending parallel to the X axis in position associated with the body of the pile (Figure 1).

The member is symmetrical with respect to its longitudinal axis Y.

The plate 40 of the shovel 4A, 4B has an outer face 42 intended to be opposite the external environment, and an inner opposite face 43 integral with the bracket 41 (and turned towards the pile).

The outer face 42 of the plate 40 is of substantially flat surface, that is to say flat or slightly curved preferably convexity facing outwardly (not shown). It is for example of rectangular shape.

Advantageously, the free edge 44 of the plate located opposite the body of the pile is bevelled (Figure 1) in an inclination directed outwardly of the shaft of the pile. This bevelled edge cooperates with a cutaway, of opposite slope, shoulders 5A and 5B provided on the pile, to allow the sliding of the shovels 4A, 4B against the shoulder flanges and their spacing from the barrel during the translation of the rod and the thrust of the shovels parallel to the X axis. The bracket 41 of each shovel strengthens the rigidity of the shovel to bear the weight of the sand on its outer face 42. In addition, it serves to attach the shovel on the transmission system 3. Each bracket 41 presents a large side 41a, a small perpendicular side 41b, and the hypotenuse whose line is broken near the short side to provide a recess 41c which is parallel to the long side 41a and joins the short side 41b drawing a nose 45 projecting from the recess.

The inner face 43 of the plate 40 is secured to the hypotenuse of the bracket from the free end of the long side 41 to the recess 41 c. Thus, the plate 41 does not extend to the small side 41b to allow the introduction of a portion of the shovel inside the barrel while the tray remains arranged outside said barrel (FIGS. 1 and 3).

The trays 40 form, with the small side 41b of the bracket, and therefore with the X axis, in the open position of the shovels (Figure 3), an angle preferably between 0 and 20 °. Thus, in the deployed position (Figure 3), the shovels can have their plate perpendicular to the axis X or inclined, without exceeding preferably an angle of 20 °.

To allow the pivoting of the shovels, the barrel 10 comprises, with reference to FIG. 4, on each of the faces 13 and 14 against which the shovels are plated, a longitudinal slot 15 allowing the passage of the bracket.

Each slot 15 extends from the free end of the barrel associated with the distal tip 6 of the pile, towards the proximal portion of the barrel. It has a length corresponding to the length of a shovel. The length of a shovel corresponds to the dimension parallel to the X axis in the closed position of the shovel.

With reference to FIG. 5, the short side 41b of the bracket 41 which is thus located inside the shank (FIG. 1) comprises, close to its edge, a bore 46 intended to cooperate with fastening means and pivoting 8.

The attachment and pivoting means 8 consist of a bolt and several washers, the screw 80 forming the pivot axis.

Each of the anchoring members is identical. They are associated with each other (FIGS. 1 and 2) via the fastening and pivoting means 8 while being contiguous to one of the faces of each square, the plates 40 being parallel and opposite symmetrically and perpendicularly to one another. pivot axis constituted by the screw 80. The screw 80 passes through the bores 46, an interface washer 81 ensuring the spacing of the bodies to allow their pivoting.

The transmission system 3 connected on the one hand to the rod 2 and on the other hand to the excavators 4A and 4B is described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6.

The transmission system 3 comprises (FIGS. 1 and 2) two lateral flanges 30 and 31 and two interface pieces 32 and 33, the flanges sandwiching, by their internal main face 35, the interface pieces 32, 33 contiguous to each other. one to another.

The flanges 30 and 31 are identical and of oblong shape with a longitudinal axis parallel to the axis X. They are each provided towards one of the distal ends (lower part in the position of use of the pile), on each of the general faces and in the thickness, an oblong guiding light 34.

The interface parts 32 and 33 are identical. They each have a core 36 of flat surface parallel to the flanges 30 and 31 and to the longitudinal edges 36a and 36b, and a finger 37 coplanar to the core and projecting therefrom as an extension of one of the longitudinal edges 36a.

In addition, each interface piece 32 and 33 comprises, in extension of the other longitudinal edge 36b and facing the finger 37, an appendage 38 forming between the latter and the finger 37 a notch 39.

The flanges 30 and 31 by their general surface 35 and the interface parts 32 and 33 by their core 36, are pressed against each other and assembled by interface washers 90 and bolts 91, the through bolts respectively, the upper part 34a of the general faces of the flanges opposite the portion provided with the light 34, and the core 36 for each of the interface pieces. The flanges 30 and 31 sandwich the interface parts 32 and 33, the latter being arranged back to back with each other so that the fingers 37 are symmetrically opposite to the longitudinal axis of the parts, or the axis X (Figure 1). Furthermore, at the distal end 34b of the upper portion 34a, the flanges are fixed to the abutment piece 23 by the same bolt 91, the abutment piece 23 being clamped and arranged between the inner faces 35 of the flanges and coming into position. pressing against the upper slices 32a and 33a of the respective interface pieces 32 and 33. The system 3 is thus fixed to the rod 2. Finally, the system 3 is assembled to the anchoring members 4A and 4B via the screw 80 of the axis of pivoting of the members by passing through the oblong slots 34 of the flanges 30 and 31.

In the folded position of the shovels, the pivot axis 80 is located in the bottom end 34c or bottom 34 of the light (Figures 1 and 6).

During the deployment of the shovels 4A and 4B with reference to FIGS. 7a and 7b, the pivot axis 80 remains located in the bottom end 34c of the light 34. The interface parts of the transmission system 3 with the fingers 37 slide towards the tip 6 of the pile, the fingers 37 pressing against the field or the edge of the small side 41 b of the bracket of the shovels forcing the shovels to rotate and to move to their deployed position in Figure 7c for which the fingers 37 are no longer supported against the shovels (only one shovel and a single interface piece 33 with his finger 37 being visible in the sectional view of Figure 7c).

While the shovels are already in the deployed position, the fingers 37 no longer being supported on the shovels, the interface parts of the transmission system 3 continue nevertheless their descent. The oblong slot 34 is then intended to slide around the pivot axis 80 (intermediate position illustrated in FIG. 7d), until the pivot axis 80 abuts against the upper end 34d of the light opposite end to the bottom (Figure 3). The pile is then in place and anchored.

The light 34 has a length dimensioned to ensure a descent of the transmission system 3 and the fingers 37, until elements belonging to the transmission system 3 (notch 39). cooperate with the shovels (by the noses 45 of the brackets) to lock the shovels in their deployed position and thus block any further spacing (Figure 3).

In particular visible in Figure 6, each finger 37 has a width (dimension perpendicular to the axis X) such that it can not close the lights 34 of the flanges. In addition, the length of each finger is such that it extends to abut against the field or the edge of the short side 41b of the bracket of a shovel when the shovel is assembled to the flanges in position resting shovels.

Therefore, summarily, the pile is thus designed:

- It comprises a rod 2 adapted to slide in a barrel 10, anchoring members or shovels 4A and 4B provided with trays 40 outside the barrel and an inner portion to the barrel integral with a pivot axis 80, as well as a system 3 for transmitting the movements of the rod 2 to the anchoring members.

- The transmission system 3 has an elongated shape, is internal to the barrel, and has a fixation at one of its distal ends to be secured to the rod 2, and another attachment at its opposite distal end and forming a pivot axis 80 around which are articulated the anchoring members.

- The transmission system 3 comprises fingers 37 pushing on the inner parts of the shovels (more precisely on a field of the small side of the corresponding bracket) to force the shovels to rotate, the pivot axis 80 of the shovels resting in abutment against the bottom of the oblong light 34.

- Once arrived at a deployed horizontal position, the shovels are locked in this position thanks to locking means formed by male-male mutual cooperation means female present on the one hand on the anchoring members and on the other hand on the transmission system 3.

- More particularly, these locking means comprise the nose 45 on each of the shovels for cooperating with each of the notches 39 of the transmission system; the fingers 37 being no longer in abutment with the shovels, the descent of the rod 2 also causes the descent of the fingers 37, which is permitted thanks to the oblong guide slots 34 sliding after the pivot axis 80, until that the throats 39 meet the noses 45 of the shovels.

The operation of the anchor pile of the invention is now described.

The pile is arranged vertically, the longitudinal axis X being transverse to the ground.

The rod 2 of the pile is secured to the shaft 10 by immobilization in translation thanks to the locking means 7 and 25. The rod 2 can not go down, which prevents the opening of the shovels during threshing or vibrating the shaft of the pile .

A sheep is arranged around the projecting portion 20 of the rod to rest on the periphery of the opening 1 1 of the barrel 10. The threshing is carried out on the barrel 10 of the pile to drive the pile into the ground via the tip 6 until the desired depth of anchorage is achieved.

Stopping the threshing and removing the blocking means 7. We then hit the rod 2 until the opening (or deployment) of the shovels.

During the threshing of the rod 2, it slides in the barrel, causing the displacement of the transmission system 3 and the movement of the shovels 4A and 4B.

Under the action of the fingers 37 and the translation of the transmission system 3, the shovels go down to meet the shoulders 5A and 5B. By abutting against the cut-away shoulders 5A and 5B by their beveled free edges 44, the shovels are forced to move laterally causing their distance from the barrel and therefore their transverse deployment.

As long as the fingers 37 are in abutment against the brackets 41 of the shovels, the shovels continue their deployment by pivoting about the axis 80 arranged in the bottom of the lights 34.

Once opened, forming between them an angle of between 140 and 180 °, the shovels have rotated, thus releasing a lateral space against the inner faces of the barrel in which the fingers 37 slide (which are no longer in abutment against the brackets) under the effect of translation rod 2 and system 3.

The oblong guiding slots 34 allow the descent of the rod 2 and the fingers 37 to continue, independently of the shovels, until the notches 39 meet the noses 45 of the shovels, which blocks the shovels in the extended position (FIG. 3), which then can no longer pivot, nor in the direction tending to remove them from the pile, nor in the direction tending to bring them closer to the stake. Therefore, the pile of the invention can be planted, anchored firmly and locked in the ground simply and quickly by a simple threshing operation. The degree of spacing of the trays ensures anchoring. In addition, the flat surface and / or substantially flat shovels helps lift the sand when opening the shovels and ensures the stability of the pile by the sand resting on after opening. The surface of the trays will be adapted in particular according to the anchoring depth of the pile. In a manner not illustrated, one can then proceed to the establishment of equipment on the head of the pile. A cap comes to cap the pile by a cooperation for example by screwing, and preferably proposing a series of orifices over a certain height of the pile body to adjust the height of arrangement of the equipment. The equipment 1 E is reported by associating it with the hat.

The invention also allows dismantling the pile, even several years after anchoring. For this, simply pull on the rod 2, for example via the orifice 22a of the head. The rise of the rod causes the disengagement of the notches 39 with respect to the nose 45, and the upward translation of the transmission system 3 and shovels, the shovels closing as the traction, to get closer to the pile and arrive at the position of Figure 1.

Claims

1. Anchoring pile (1) comprising a hollow body (10) of longitudinal axis X, a rod (2) housed in the hollow body and slidable therein, and at least two anchoring members (4A, 4B) which are associated with the rod (2) by being movable by the sliding of the rod and able to be locked in the deployed position by locking means (39, 45), characterized in that each anchoring member (4A , 4B) comprises a plate or plate (40).

2. pile according to claim 1, characterized in that each plate (40) has a substantially flat surface, preferably rectangular geometry.

3. pile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each anchoring member (4A, 4B) comprises a beveled distal end (44) for cooperating with a shoulder (5A, 5B) cutaway of opposite slope.

4. pile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchoring members (4A, 4B) are arranged opposite and out of the hollow body, being placed parallel against it in the rest position.

5. pile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchoring members (4A, 4B) are assembled to one another by means of pivoting inside the hollow body.

6. pile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, arranged in the hollow body, a movement transmission system (3) connected on the one hand to the rod (2) and other part to anchoring devices.

7. pile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchoring members (4A, 4B) are connected to one another about a pivot axis (80) arranged in the hollow body .

8. pile according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the pivot axis (80) is located transversely to at least one oblong slot (34) arranged in the transmission system movements (3).

Pile according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the motion transmission system (3) comprises finger-like thrust elements (37) intended to cooperate with the anchoring members.

10. Pile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises locking means (39,45) comprise male-female elements arranged on the anchoring members (4A, 4B) and the transmission system. movements (3), and cooperating by mutual engagement after deployment of the anchoring members and sliding continuation of the rod (2).

1 1. Pile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow body has a distal end (1 A) intended to be introduced into the ground, which is sharp, in particular having a pyramid shape whose tip is turned towards outside.

12. The pile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate of an anchoring member is made of solid material.

13. Stake according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that the plate of an anchor member present on all or part of its surface a mesh structure with a mesh adapted to the type of ground in which is intended to be driven down the pile.

14. pile according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used to support and maintain equipment, including photovoltaic panels.