WO2013107619A1 - Dispositif de conversion d'énergie à stockage d'énergie réversible - Google Patents

Dispositif de conversion d'énergie à stockage d'énergie réversible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013107619A1
WO2013107619A1 PCT/EP2013/000047 EP2013000047W WO2013107619A1 WO 2013107619 A1 WO2013107619 A1 WO 2013107619A1 EP 2013000047 W EP2013000047 W EP 2013000047W WO 2013107619 A1 WO2013107619 A1 WO 2013107619A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cell
hydrogen
storage medium
cells
electrolyzer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/000047
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Greda
Jeffrey Roth
Bruno Zekorn
Ulrich Rost
Michael Brodmann
Jörg Neumann
Andre Wildometz
Cristian Liviu Mutascu
Original Assignee
Westfälische Hochschule Gelsenkirchen Bocholt Recklinghausen
Propuls Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westfälische Hochschule Gelsenkirchen Bocholt Recklinghausen, Propuls Gmbh filed Critical Westfälische Hochschule Gelsenkirchen Bocholt Recklinghausen
Publication of WO2013107619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013107619A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
    • H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04052—Storage of heat in the fuel cell system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
    • H01M8/182—Regeneration by thermal means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
    • H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
    • H01M8/186—Regeneration by electrochemical means by electrolytic decomposition of the electrolytic solution or the formed water product
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for converting chemical energy into electrical energy and / or electrical energy into chemical energy, comprising a housing in which at least one electrochemical cell for carrying out the transformation at least partially rests.
  • Such devices are as a fuel cell, einseurzelle or whole
  • a fuel cell that converts chemical energy into electrical energy, or an electrolyzer cell that converts electrical energy into chemical energy is enclosed in a closed housing.
  • the arrangement of several plate-shaped cells in a housing next to each other is called stack, in particular
  • a fuel and an oxidizer are continuously supplied to the cell.
  • these are oxygen (oxidant) and hydrogen (fuel).
  • the reaction of the two consumables becomes a current
  • Conventional individual fuel cells generate a low voltage of about 1.2 V, on the other hand, however, a comparatively high current density up to several amperes per
  • a single such fuel cell can deliver a current of several amps and more, with a DC voltage of less than 1.2V.
  • the resulting current is formed from the product of the active area in cm 2 and the maximum current density.
  • conventional fuel cells have a flat, planar shape with a substantially rectangular base so that the individual cells can be stacked side by side or one on top of another. This results in a cuboid overall structure whose dimension depends on the number and area of the cells.
  • the pole plates For the function of a fuel cell, it is necessary for the pole plates to exert a pressure on the polymer electrolyte membrane or a gas diffusion layer arranged between this membrane and the pole plate. Essentially, the pressure causes the necessary electrical contact between pole plates and gas diffusion layers, as well as the electrodes of the membrane, so that in the reaction in the fuel cell electrons are added or removed can. Therefore, a pressure is required inside the housing for the energy conversion, so that the housing must be sealed pressure-tight.
  • a device for converting chemical energy into electrical energy and / or electrical energy into chemical energy which has a housing in which at least one electrochemical cell for
  • a chemical storage medium is disposed in which hydrogen is stored or stored, wherein the storage medium surrounds the cell at least partially, is with its heat transferring compound and releasing hydrogen by absorbing heat of the cell and / or releases hydrogen to the cell while releasing heat.
  • the basic idea according to the invention consists in surrounding the electrochemical cell in a heat-conducting compound by a hydrogen-storing medium which, by absorbing heat from the cell, releases hydrogen in an endothermic process or absorbs hydrogen by releasing heat to the cell through an exothermic process.
  • the electrochemical cell may be, for example, a fuel cell, a
  • Fuel cells operate at different temperature levels, depending on the particular fuel cell type.
  • the temperature range in fuel cells with polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM), for which the present invention is preferably suitable by 70 ° C (low temperature, in so-called NT-PEM, or about 180 ° C (high temperature) in so-called HT
  • the heat released during the operation of the fuel cell is released to the storage medium surrounding the cell, which consequently releases the hydrogen stored in the storage medium thus acting as a heat sink, thereby reducing the cooling power required to cool the fuel cell and increases the overall efficiency of the fuel cell or the fuel cell unit.
  • the released from the storage medium as a result of heat absorption hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell.
  • An additional external supply of hydrogen can be dispensed with.
  • the hydrogen demand for the fuel cell can be provided exclusively from the stored hydrogen in the storage medium. Only one supply line for the oxygen is still required.
  • Electrolysis cell created so that an "internal" heating of the cell takes place. If hydrogen is supplied to the storage medium, ie conveyed into the housing of the device according to the invention, the storage medium absorbs the hydrogen in an exothermic process. The heat energy released in this case is transferred to the electrolyzer cell, so that less energy is required for the heating. This increases the efficiency of the device when using the electrochemical cell as electrolyzer cell.
  • the hydrogen uptake process continues as long as the storage medium absorbs hydrogen. Produced excess hydrogen can be filled into an external store. Similarly, in the case of using the electrochemical cell as a fuel cell, the process proceeds as long as that
  • Storage medium releases hydrogen.
  • the cells can be flat in design
  • all cells of the device may be of similar design. This means that all cells are identical in construction and, in particular, are designed either as fuel cells or as electrolyzer cells, so that the device forms a fuel cell stack or an electrolyzer cell stack.
  • the device according to the invention can have only a single electrochemical cell which operates as a fuel cell. However, it may also include two or more such cells. These can be, for example
  • the device according to the invention can have only a single electrochemical cell, which is known as
  • Electrolysis cell works. However, it may also include two or more such cells. These, for example, can be designed plate-shaped and lie next to each other, so that they form a fuel cell stack. Since a device with fuel cell (s) and a device with Elektrolyseurzelle (s) in terms of their hydrogen production and their hydrogen consumption complement each other, they can be technically and functionally cooperatively arranged. Thus, with their separate housings, for example, they can be arranged directly adjacent to one another and connected to one another or be such that the electrolyzer cell device supplies the fuel cell device with the hydrogen that it requires. The two housings can be surrounded by an overall housing.
  • At least one of the cells in the housing is a fuel cell and at least one of the further cells is an electrolyzer cell, so that at least two electrochemical cells arranged in the housing are present, each of which
  • Storage medium are at least partially surrounded.
  • the storage medium thus surrounds both cells simultaneously.
  • the fuel cell and the electrolyzer cell are thus active at different times.
  • the energy conversion device thus obtained can be used in a particularly advantageous manner then to convert electrical energy from the electrolyzer cell into chemical energy, which then in the form of hydrogen in the
  • Storage medium is stored, whereas the fuel cell, this stored chemical energy at a later time back into electrical energy can convert.
  • the device is thus one for energy conversion with reversible energy storage.
  • a particularly advantageous use of this device is to decentrally store decentrally generated energy, for example from regenerative energy sources, and, if necessary, to make it available at decentralized locations, for example in a vehicle.
  • the storage medium according to the invention must possess the property in which
  • a storage medium in which the hydrogen is already stored for example, a metal hydride can be used.
  • hydroxide in the narrower sense refers to the binary compounds of metals and some semi-metals with hydrogen, in a broader sense also complex molecules or ionic compounds containing a metal-hydrogen bond
  • binary hydrides can be classified into the three classes “ionic or salt-like hydrides”, “covalent hydrides” and “metallic hydrides.”
  • the relevant metallic hydrides hereinafter called metal hydrides, have metal valence electrons which are both a bond with the
  • metal hydrides include not only compounds of pure metals with hydrogen, but also metal alloys with hydrogen. These metals or metal alloys absorb at a certain pressure and temperature ratio elemental hydrogen, which is incorporated into the crystal structure of the metal. The result is a brittle compound that can be solved by increasing the temperature or lowering the pressure (desorption).
  • metal alloys for example, titanium-iron (TiFe) or lanthanum-nickel (LaNi 5 ) can be used. The general reaction proceeds in both directions as follows:
  • Metal hydrides will vary according to their applications
  • cryogenic hydrides which give off hydrogen in the range of -30 ° C to 80 ° C, medium-temperature hydrides, where this takes place at 80 ° C to 150 ° C, and high-temperature hydrides, in which the hydrogen release at more than 150 ° C. he follows. For each metal hydride there is a certain temperature at which an optimal addition of the hydrogen takes place (absorption). This always occurs with an increase in pressure until a
  • Typical pressure levels are in the range of 1-5 MPa (10 to 50 bar). Such pressure can be in the inventive
  • Metal hydrides are usually available granulated or powdered, so that their processing, in particular the filling of the metal hydride as a storage medium in the housing of the energy conversion device in a simple manner possible. If the storage medium is formed by a powdery structure or granules, it contains many free areas between the grains, in which unabsorbed gas can accumulate, which inevitably leads to a pressure in the housing interior.
  • the use of a hydrogen-storing or hydrogen storable medium in the housing of the energy conversion device according to the invention thus simultaneously effects the operation of the at least one electrochemical cell
  • a heterocyclic chemical compound can be used as a storage medium in which hydrogen is already stored.
  • Carbazoles are examples of a heterocyclic chemical compound.
  • heterocyclic compounds which formally derive from the substance pyrrole by adding two benzo groups.
  • the molecular formula of carbazole is C12H9N. Suitable is Here, for example, the chemical substance 9-ethylcarbazole, which is present at about 70 ° C in liquid form.
  • the loading of the carbazole with hydrogen is exothermic and the discharge endothermic, analogous to metal hydrides.
  • the hydrogen stored in the storage medium can come from an external source, for example an external electrolyzer cell.
  • an electrolyzer cell as an electrochemical cell, however, it is necessary that the storage medium such a medium in which the hydrogen can be stored.
  • the storage medium should be hydrogen-free. Therefore, it is advantageous if the
  • Storage medium for this case is a metal, a metal alloy or a mixture of these substances and is present in particular in powder or granular form, so that it reacts with the hydrogen to form a metal hydride.
  • Hydrogen is stored, and a second memory state in which hydrogen is stored. This physical property is achieved by a metal hydride.
  • the storage medium at the beginning of the operation of the device as a fuel cell may be a metal hydride which passes during operation of the fuel cell with elimination of hydrogen (desorption) in the metal hydride forming metal, the corresponding metal alloy or the mixture of metal and metal alloy, and Metal, the metal alloy or the mixture of these in operation the device as electrolyzer cell with absorption of hydrogen (absorption) in the metal hydride passes.
  • the cell or cells are completely surrounded by the storage medium. This has the advantage that an effective and maximum heat transfer from the storage medium to the cell (s) and / or from the cell (s)
  • Heating and / or cooling of the storage medium is arranged. Depending on requirements, this temperature control can then be used for additional heating or cooling of the cell or cells. This is especially true for a invention
  • Fuel cell is, so a cooling of the cell is required, and at least one cell is a Elektrolyseurzelle, so a heating of the cell is necessary.
  • the tempering device can then be used for heating or cooling. This is possible for example by means of a Peltier element, in which only the
  • the device may include lines through which the hydrogen discharged from the storage medium to the fuel cell or fuel cells
  • the device may comprise lines through which the hydrogen formed by the electrolyzer cell or the electrolyzer cells from the electrolysis of water is supplied to the storage medium.
  • the device can have lines through which the oxygen for the fuel cell is "sucked in.”
  • the reaction water formed can also be flushed out via these lines By means of this line, it is also possible to discharge the oxygen which is not required, which is formed during the reaction, for example into the environment outside the housing.
  • Figure 1 schematic representation of a device according to the invention with only one electrolyzer cell
  • Figure 2 schematic representation of a device according to the invention with
  • Figure 3 schematic representation of a device according to the invention with a
  • Figure 4 Perspective view of a device according to the invention with a plurality of electrochemical cells
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention for converting electrical energy into chemical energy, wherein the chemical energy in the form of hydrogen is stored in the device.
  • the device 1 comprises a housing 2, in which an electrochemical cell 4 is arranged, which operates here as electrolyzer cell.
  • the device 1 thus forms an electrolyzer 1.
  • Electrolysis cell 4 hydrogen is produced by the electrolysis of water. This requires electrical energy and heat energy.
  • the electrical energy is the electrolyzer cell 4 at the electrical terminals 8 by a
  • the electrolyzer cell 4 consists of an anode and a cathode, to each of which an electrical line 8 leads.
  • the energy required by the cell 4 results from the reaction equations of the electrolytic decomposition of water of the electrolyzer cell 4 or of the electrolyzer 1, which can be represented by the following implication:
  • Electrolyzer 1 is pumped. There are formed as reaction products oxygen 0 2 and hydrogen H 2 and a proportion of undissolved water H 2 0, all of which are removed from the electrolyzer 4. The derived from the cell 4 hydrogen H 2 is introduced directly into the housing 2 of the electrolyzer 1 via a line.
  • An optional hydrogen processing unit 9 which is arranged outside or inside (not shown) of the electrolyzer 1 and serves to purify and / or dry the hydrogen H 2 coming from the electrolyzer cell 4, may optionally be present.
  • a powdery or granulated metal alloy 5 is arranged, for example, titanium-iron (TiFe) or lanthanum-nickel (LaNi 5 ), the hydrogen introduced into the housing 2 H 2 with release of heat and to form a Metal hydride absorbs. The resulting heat is then delivered to the electrolyzer cell 4, so that the heat energy that must be externally supplied to heat the cell or generated from internal losses, is lower by about the originating from the storage medium 5 amount.
  • Hybrid formation developed heat, which raises the temperature level and thus the ultimately required electrical energy for heating the
  • Electrolysis process is reduced. In the energy balance, this increases the electrical efficiency of the electrolyzer. 1
  • the device 1 can optionally contain a heater 6, 7 for heating the electrolyzer cell 3, which is arranged in the interior of the housing 2 next to the cell 3.
  • a heater is shown schematically in FIG shown in dashed lines. It comprises a heat exchanger 6 and a heat source 7, wherein the heat exchanger 6 and the heat source 7 may be formed as a combined unit, for example in the form of a heating coil or a
  • the cooling side may abut, for example, on the inside of the housing wall.
  • the electrolyzer 1 or its cell 4 can be designed in the pocket construction described in DE 10 2009 057 494 A1. As a result, a particularly compact design is achieved.
  • FIG. 2 shows a device 1 according to the invention for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, wherein the chemical energy in the device is obtained in the form of hydrogen.
  • the device 1 also comprises a pressurized housing 2, in which an electrochemical cell 3 is arranged, which operates here as a fuel cell 3.
  • the device 1 consequently forms a fuel cell 1.
  • hydrogen H 2 and oxygen 0 2 are burned to water H 2 0.
  • the fuel cell 3 consists of an anode and a cathode, to each of which an electrical line 8 leads. These lines can be removed during operation of the fuel cell 3 at a comparatively low voltage of less than 1.2V, a high current of several amperes.
  • the complete conversion of energy stored chemically in hydrogen into electrical energy is practically impossible in the fuel cell. Heat is always also developed, which is due to the internal ohmic resistance of the cell 3. This is represented by the following implication:
  • Storage medium 5 used that the fuel cell 3 completely surrounds.
  • Storage medium 5 is a metal hydride, for example a powdered or granulated hydrogenated metal alloy such as titanium-iron (TiFe) or lanthanum-nickel (LaNi 5 ).
  • a metal hydride for example a powdered or granulated hydrogenated metal alloy such as titanium-iron (TiFe) or lanthanum-nickel (LaNi 5 ).
  • TiFe titanium-iron
  • LaNi 5 lanthanum-nickel
  • a valve 10 may be provided to control and / or regulate the amount of hydrogen.
  • a particle filter 9 may be present in the supply line in order to purify the hydrogen.
  • a heater 6, 7 may be arranged in the housing next to the cell 3, which comprises a heat exchanger 6 and a heat source 7.
  • this heating is generally designed as a tempering, which can alternatively also cooling, so that it is able to cool the cell 3, if necessary, if that
  • Storage medium 5 absorbs less heat energy than the fuel cell 3 generates.
  • a temperature control 6, 7 may be formed for example by a Peltier element.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment variant of the device 1 according to the invention, in which a fuel cell 3 and an electrolyzer cell 4 are arranged together in the housing 2 and completely surrounded by the storage medium 5.
  • Storage medium 5 is a metal hydride, but initially present as a pure metal or metal alloy. To charge the device 1, the first
  • Operated electrolyzer cell 4 wherein the current for the electrolysis of water can come from renewable energy.
  • Hydrogen is introduced into the housing 2 and connects there in an exothermic process with the metal or the metal alloy to said metal hydride 5. This charging process is completed when the metal hydride 5 no further
  • the fuel cell can then be operated and supply electricity, which dissolves the hydrogen from the metal hydride 5 again by their heat and burns with the supplied oxygen 0 2 . This discharging process takes place until no more hydrogen is released from the metal hydride 5. This can then again through the electrolyzer 4
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a further variant of a device 1 according to the invention with a plurality of electrochemical cells 3, 4, as described in the German patent application DE 10 2009 057 494 A1.
  • FIG. 4 shows the device 1 in a partially cutaway view.
  • the cells 3, 4 are designed in a flat design as plates and are parallel equidistant in the cuboid, in particular approximately cube-shaped housing 4 side by side.
  • the arrangement of the cells 3, 4 is such that alternately an electrolyzer cell 4, a fuel cell 3 and a plate-shaped temperature control means 6 are juxtaposed in the same order.
  • the apparatus comprises three electrolyzer cells 4, three fuel cells 3 and two temperature control plates 6.
  • the two temperature control plates 6 each lie between an electrolyzer cell 4 and a fuel cell 3.
  • the metal hydride is used as the storage medium 5 is present, which completely surrounds the cells 3, 4 or the pockets in which they are inserted.
  • the cells 3, 4 are arranged via supply lines 13 in the bottom plate 12, at whose ends corresponding terminals 11 a, 1 1 b, 1 1 c, 1 1 d, 11e, 1 1 h, 11 i, 11j, with air ( Oxygen), hydrogen and water.
  • Terminal 11 a denotes the air inlet for the fuel cell 3, port 1 1 b the corresponding
  • Terminal 1 1c denotes the hydrogen inlet for the fuel cell 3
  • terminal 1 1 d the corresponding hydrogen outlet.
  • Port 11e indicates the connection for the water inlet at the
  • Electrolyzer cells 4 designates an inlet for the temperature control plate 6, through which a heating or cooling medium can be supplied. A corresponding port 1 1g for the outlet is on the opposite side.
  • the cells 3, 4 are modular in the housing 2 formed in there, not shown pockets used. The device 1 is characterized particularly compact and physically small.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment to that in FIGS. 4 and 5. It differs from the embodiment in FIGS. 4 and 5 in that the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4. So are the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4. So are the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4. So are the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4. So are the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4. So are the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4. So are the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4. So are the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4. So are the supply lines of the fuel cells 3 and the electrolyzer cells 4 extend on opposite sides of the housing 4.
  • the supply lines 1 1e, 11h, 1 1 i and 11 j are provided for the Elektrolyseurzellen in the bottom plate 12.
  • a design is selected that allows a modular introduction of electrochemical cells 3, 4 (fuel cell / electrolyzer) into the housing 2.
  • electrochemical cells 3, 4 are introduced from the outside into a pocket located directly in the storage medium 5, i. in the metal hydride.
  • the result is a geometry in which the electrochemical cells 3, 4 are completely surrounded by the metal hydride 5.
  • the built-up in the hydrogen storage 5 pressure compresses the introduced cells 3, 4, which has a positive effect on their properties.
  • the metal hydride 5 used is chosen so that the recorded or
  • Fuel cell system is suitable to reduce the one hand, the required electrical energy for water electrolysis or to use the waste heat of the fuel cell 3 for the desorption of hydrogen.
  • an operating pressure should be selected which ensures optimum compression of these cells 3, 4, occurring
  • the present invention has described an energy system which
  • Electrochemical cells e.g. Electrolysers or fuel cells or batteries are able to reversibly convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
  • water in the electrolyzer is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen with the supply of electrical energy and heat, the storage of the hydrogen being e.g. done in a metal hydride storage. From this memory, hydrogen is taken to recover electrical energy by means of a fuel cell under the supply of atmospheric oxygen.
  • the energy store is designed such that electrochemical cells can be introduced modularly into the storage housing, in which case the cells are completely surrounded by the storage medium. Due to the pressure in the housing 2, the integrated cells are pressed hydraulically / pneumatically. Between the electrochemical cells and the storage medium can be energetically favorable Rekuperations soe achieve, u.a. contribute to an increase in system efficiency.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) de conversion d'énergie chimique en énergie électrique et/ou d'énergie électrique en énergie chimique, comprenant un boîtier (2) dans lequel est insérée au moins partiellement une cellule électrochimique active (3, 4) pour la mise en œuvre de la conversion. Un support de stockage chimique (5), dans lequel de l'hydrogène est stocké ou peut être stocké, est placé dans le boîtier (2), ledit support de stockage (5) entourant au moins partiellement la cellule (3, 4), étant en liaison thermique avec cette dernière, et libérant de l'hydrogène pendant qu'elle absorbe de la chaleur provenant de la cellule (3, 4), et/ou fixant de l'hydrogène pendant qu'elle transmet de la chaleur à la cellule (3, 4).
PCT/EP2013/000047 2012-01-18 2013-01-10 Dispositif de conversion d'énergie à stockage d'énergie réversible WO2013107619A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012000755.8 2012-01-18
DE102012000755A DE102012000755A1 (de) 2012-01-18 2012-01-18 Vorrichtung zur Energieumwandlung mit reversibler Energiespeicherung

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WO2013107619A1 true WO2013107619A1 (fr) 2013-07-25

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016007739A1 (de) * 2016-06-27 2017-12-28 Westfälische Hochschule Gelsenkirchen Bocholt Recklinghausen Vorrichtung zur Energieumwandlung, insbesondere Brennstoffzelle oder Elektrolyseur
DE102019217116A1 (de) * 2019-11-06 2021-05-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Power-to-X-Anlage mit optimierter Wasserstofftrocknung und Reinigung

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