WO2013102620A1 - Éolienne - Google Patents

Éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013102620A1
WO2013102620A1 PCT/EP2013/000011 EP2013000011W WO2013102620A1 WO 2013102620 A1 WO2013102620 A1 WO 2013102620A1 EP 2013000011 W EP2013000011 W EP 2013000011W WO 2013102620 A1 WO2013102620 A1 WO 2013102620A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
wind turbine
wind
rotation
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/000011
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stock JÜRGEN
Roland Mahler
Original Assignee
Stock Juergen
Roland Mahler
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stock Juergen, Roland Mahler filed Critical Stock Juergen
Priority to EP13702326.3A priority Critical patent/EP2800899A1/fr
Publication of WO2013102620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013102620A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F03D3/068—Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/214—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Musgrove or "H"-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind turbine with a rotor comprising a shaft and a plurality of rotor blades and is rotatable about an axis of rotation, wherein each rotor blade is secured to the shaft via at least one rotor arm associated with the rotor blade.
  • Wind turbines are known from the prior art and have been in use for many years.
  • the rotor itself usually comprises three rotor blades, which extend in the radial direction away from the shaft carrying them and rotate in a substantially vertical plane about the axis of rotation.
  • the individual rotor blades are equipped with a profile that allows optimal use of wind energy for this type of wind turbines in a certain wind speed range.
  • the disadvantage is that optimal utilization of wind energy is only possible if the axis of rotation is parallel to the wind direction, so that in this type of wind turbines the nacelle must be tracked with the entire rotor of the wind direction, should this change.
  • rotors can be used only in a relatively small wind speed range. Too small wind speeds are not able to turn the large rotors at sufficient speed, while too high wind speeds pose a risk to the rotor blades.
  • rotors are built, which have a wing length of more than 60 meters. With such large rotors, the wing tips reach very high speeds even at moderate wind speeds. Therefore, it is no longer possible from a certain wind strength to operate the rotors safely and non-destructive.
  • VAWT vertical axis wind turbine
  • CONFIRMATION COPY NEN disadvantage.
  • the rotor blades move on a circular path and, when the vertical rotor is swept by the wind over its entire width, run once in a "backward direction” with the wind and in a “backward direction” against the wind.
  • the rotor blades cause a braking effect during the movement "reverse direction” due to their flow resistance, which can decisively reduce the efficiency compared to a horizontal rotor.
  • the individual rotor blades consist of U-shaped elements in cross-section. These are arranged so that when the rotor blade is moving in the "outward" direction, the wind flows into the U while, when the rotor blade is moving in the "reverse” direction, it curves and curves the Us on the rotor blade should be conducted over.
  • the efficiency of such rotor blades and rotors equipped with them is not optimal.
  • the so-called Darrieus rotor the rotor blades in the form of airfoils, as known from the aircraft, designed. These rotor blades always have a torque on the shaft when they are not parallel or antiparallel to the wind direction. However, this torque is relatively small, so that the efficiency of these rotors is not optimal.
  • the invention is therefore the object of proposing a wind turbine that uses the advantages of vertical axis wind turbines and ensures better utilization of wind energy.
  • the invention solves this problem by a generic wind power plant, which is characterized in that at least one rotor blade associated with the control arm is attached to each rotor blade, and from each rotor blade at least one control arm is attached to a common connecting element, in one of the Rota Positioning axis offset control position is arranged so that an angle between the rotor blade and the at least one rotor arm associated therewith changes during a rotation of the rotor about the axis of rotation.
  • the rotor blades thus perform a pivoting movement relative to the rotor arm assigned to them during a rotation about the rotation axis.
  • At least one control arm of each rotor blade is arranged on the common connection element. The pivoting movements of the individual rotor blades relative to the rotor arms are therefore only possible together for all rotor blades.
  • control arms need not be formed as long as the rotor arms and the other the common connecting element is not in an extension of the axis of rotation, these pivot points move on a different circular path than the points at which the rotor blade attached to each associated rotor arm.
  • the size ratios of the two circular paths correspond to the size ratio of the length of the rotor arm to that of the control arm of each rotor blade.
  • control position is adjustable by a wind occurring on the wind turbine.
  • a complicated possibly electronic control which controls the control position of the common connecting element and optionally readjust a rotating wind direction, unnecessary.
  • the wind hits a suitably equipped wind power plant whose rotor blades are in any position, it exerts a force on all rotor blades of the wind turbine, which are transmitted via the control arms to the common connecting element. As a result, the common connecting element is brought into a position set by the wind.
  • the connecting element is arranged on a closed path, for example a circular path, movable about the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • a wind impinging on the wind turbine shifts the common connecting element, by the force applied to the rotor blades, transmitted via the control arms to the position on the closed track which lies downstream of the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • the common connecting element also remains during the rotation of the rotor, until the wind direction changes and it by the now from another The direction of the blowing wind is brought into a different control position.
  • the pivotal movements performed during one revolution about the axis of rotation of the individual rotor blades relative to the respectively associated rotor arm pivoting movements can be designed to different degrees.
  • the rotor arms and the control arms are dimensioned and fixed to the rotor blades such that the rotor blades are perpendicular to the rotor arm assigned to them at a control position set by the wind, when they move in a rotation around the axis of rotation against a wind direction of the wind. In this way it is ensured that at a set by the wind control position, the rotor blades have the minimum flow resistance and maximum power coefficient when they move against the wind direction, ie in the "back direction".
  • the rotor blades advantageously have their greatest extent along a longitudinal direction, the longitudinal direction extending along the shaft. This is the case, for example, with vertical axis wind turbines.
  • the fact that the different flow resistance, the rotor blades during movement in the "direction” and “return direction” have, are no longer caused by the profile of the rotor blades, but by the changing angle of attack, it is possible, the rotor blades completely without profile, so for example in the form of flat surfaces, such as plates or boards to design.
  • the rotor blades completely without profile, so for example in the form of flat surfaces, such as plates or boards to design.
  • the rotor blades extend along the shaft of the rotor, it comes not to the extreme speed differences at different points of a rotor blade, as they occur in conventional wind turbines with horizontal axes of rotation. Therefore, at least the size and length of the rotor blades are no limits. It is thus possible to include a description here as well.
  • wind turbine with rotor blades for example, longer than 50 meters, preferably longer than 75 meters, more preferably longer than 100 meters.
  • the individual components so for example a mast on which the wind turbine is mounted, and the rotor with the rotor blades on an immense weight.
  • the axis of rotation runs perpendicular to the wind direction, that is to say vertically, for example.
  • the immense weight of a large wind turbine can be derived and intercepted particularly easily and reliably.
  • the effect may occur that the wind speed in the lower region of the rotor blades is different than in the upper region.
  • higher wind speeds are to be expected in the upper region of the rotor blades, as they occur in the lower region of the rotor blades, ie near the ground.
  • the distance between the rotor blades and the shaft of the rotor should increase towards the top, so that the rotor blades in the upper region have to travel a longer distance in one revolution around the axis of rotation than in the lower region. As a result, they must have a slightly higher speed than the lower areas of the rotor blades, so that the larger wind speeds occurring in this area can be used much better. It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the wind power plant comprises a setting device with which this angle can be set. In this way, different weather conditions with different wind speed profiles can be taken into account.
  • each rotor blade at least two rotor arms and / or at least two control arms are assigned, which are arranged offset along the longitudinal direction of the rotor blades.
  • These are advantageously arranged offset along the shaft.
  • the wind turbine can also have two rotors, which have mutually opposite directions of rotation. These can be arranged, for example, next to one another along the direction of rotation, that is, for example, when the wind power installation is set up above one another.
  • the wind turbine is equipped with a float that is shaped and dimensioned so that the rotor is completely above a water surface when the wind turbine floats with the float in the water.
  • a vertical orientation of the axis of rotation and the rotor caused by the possible high rotational speeds centrifugal forces that prevent tilting or even tipping over of the wind turbine even with strong winds.
  • Such a wind turbine would therefore not be fixed at a foundation on the seabed when used at sea as an offshore wind turbine. It is sufficient, for example via an anchor or a similar device, to prevent the wind turbine from floating with its float leaving its position. This has many advantages.
  • the field of application of offshore wind turbines is limited on the one hand by the maximum depth of the sea, in which foundations can be laid. With the embodiment of a wind turbine described here, this limitation would be overcome because no foundations would have to be laid. In addition, particularly at sea sometimes very large wind speeds are found in which conventional wind turbines with a horizontal axis of rotation due to the problem described can not be used.
  • the wind turbines described here are be used effectively and efficiently up to significantly higher wind speeds, so that the energy yield of offshore wind turbines can be significantly improved by the embodiment described here. If, after positioning a wind turbine, it turns out that the chosen location was not optimal, a wind turbine fitted with a float can simply be towed to another location or, if equipped with engine power, can independently travel to that other location. This is just like the dismantling of a corresponding wind turbine without the polluting residues and without a large construction and decommissioning costs possible.
  • the energy can be temporarily stored, for example, in weights which are set in rotation. If the wind speed decreases later, this rotation of the weights can be converted back into a rotation of the rotor of the wind turbine, whereby an equalization of the rotor speed of the wind turbine is achieved.
  • wind turbines described here can be equipped with any number of wings. However, they preferably have, between 3 and 8, in particular 4 rotor blades.
  • Figure 1 - a schematic plan view of a wind turbine according to a first embodiment of the present.
  • Figure 2 - a schematic side view of a wind turbine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows the schematic plan view of a wind turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention along an axis of rotation.
  • Centrally located is a shaft 2 of a rotor on which four rotor arms 4 are arranged.
  • the rotor arms 4 are arranged offset by 90 °.
  • At each radially outer end of the rotor arms 4 is a first pivot point 6, on each of which a rotor blade 8 is arranged.
  • the rotor blades 8 are pivotally mounted on the associated rotor arm 4 in the first pivot point 6.
  • the first articulation points 6 of each rotor blade 8 move on a rotor circle line 10 represented by a dashed line whose radius corresponds to the length of the rotor arm 4.
  • a second pivot point 12 At each one end of the rotor blade 8 is in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a second pivot point 12.
  • a control arm 14 At this a control arm 14 is connected to the rotor blade 8, whose end facing away from the rotor blade 8 is arranged on a common connecting element 16. This is movable on a circular path 18 shown schematically and is located in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 in a control position.
  • the second pivot points 12 of each rotor blade 8 move on a control circuit line 20 shown by semicolons whose radius corresponds to the length of the control arms 14.
  • the length of the control arms 14 is equal to the length of the rotor arms 4, so that the control circuit 20 is exactly as large as the rotor circuit line 10. They are only offset by the radius of the circular path 18 against each other.
  • FIG. 1 The situation shown in Figure 1 arises when wind from the direction indicated by the arrow 22 hits the wind turbine. It can be seen that the control position, in which the common connecting element 16 is located, is shifted in the wind direction represented by the arrows 22 with respect to the shaft 2. This is due to the fact that the wind exerts a force on the four rotor blades 8, which leads to the displacement of the common connecting element 16 along the circular path 18.
  • the direction of rotation of the wind turbine shown in Figure 1 is counterclockwise. It can be seen that only the rotor blade 8 shown on the right in FIG. 1 is aligned parallel to the wind direction represented by the arrows 22.
  • the size of the pivoting movement which performs a rotor blade 8 in one revolution about the shaft 2, is determined by a plurality of sizes. These include the radius of the circular path 18, the length of the control arms 14 and the distance between the first pivot points 6 and the second pivot points 12. An increase in the distance between the first pivot points 6 and the second pivot points 12 has as well as an increase in the radius the circular path 18 and a shortening of the length of the control arms 14 an increase in the angular deflection during the pivotal movement of the rotor blades 8 result.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a wind turbine according to another embodiment of the present invention. It comprises a mast 24, on which two rotors 26 are arranged, each of which has rotor blades 8, rotor arms 4 and control arms 14. The control arms 14 are with the common Connecting element 16 connected. Between the two rotors 26, a generator 28 is arranged on the mast 24, in which simultaneously the shaft 2 and the axis of rotation of the rotors 26 extends. It is advantageous if the two rotors 26 have different directions of rotation, so that the generator 28 is driven at twice the speed. In addition, in this case, the torques that are caused by the rotors 26, balanced.
  • the rotor blades 8 include an angle with the mast 24 and the shaft 2, which is not equal to zero degrees.
  • an upper end 30 of the rotor blades 8 of the upper rotor 26 is significantly further away from the shaft 2, as a lower end 32 of the rotor blades 8 of the lower rotor 26.
  • different wind speeds which can prevail at different heights bill be worn.
  • the rotor blades 8 of the two rotors 26 are advantageously at least 20, more preferably at least 50 or even at least 100 meters long.
  • an adjusting device 34 is schematically indicated, by which the angle between the rotor blades 8 and the mast 24 or the shaft 2 is adjustable.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une éolienne, comprenant un rotor 26 qui est équipé d'un arbre (2) et d'une pluralité d'aubes de rotor (8) et peut tourner autour d'un axe de rotation. Chaque aube de rotor (8) est fixée à l'arbre (2) par au moins un bras de rotor (4) associé à l'aube (8). L'éolienne est caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un bras de commande (14) associé à l'aube (8) est fixé à chaque aube de rotor (8) et au moins un bras de commande (14) de chaque aube (8) est fixé à un élément de liaison (16) commun disposé dans une position de commande décalée par rapport à l'axe de rotation de façon à modifier un angle entre chaque aube (8) et le ou les bras de rotor (14) qui lui sont associés lors d'une révolution du rotor (26) autour de l'axe de rotation.
PCT/EP2013/000011 2012-01-06 2013-01-04 Éolienne WO2013102620A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13702326.3A EP2800899A1 (fr) 2012-01-06 2013-01-04 Éolienne

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210000135 DE102012000135A1 (de) 2012-01-06 2012-01-06 Windkraftanlage
DE102012000135.5 2012-01-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013102620A1 true WO2013102620A1 (fr) 2013-07-11

Family

ID=47632958

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2013/000011 WO2013102620A1 (fr) 2012-01-06 2013-01-04 Éolienne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2800899A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102012000135A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013102620A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1835018A (en) * 1925-10-09 1931-12-08 Leblanc Vickers Maurice Sa Turbine having its rotating shaft transverse to the flow of the current
JPS5519930A (en) * 1978-07-27 1980-02-13 Iwanaka Denki Seisakusho:Kk Governor for wind mill
US20030049128A1 (en) * 2000-03-21 2003-03-13 Rogan Alan John Wind turbine
JP2006242169A (ja) * 2005-02-04 2006-09-14 Betsukawa Seisakusho:Kk 回転翼及びこの回転翼を使用した発電装置
NL1035026C2 (nl) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-18 Jan Renger Sytstra Verticale-as-windturbine voor het opwekken van elektrische energie.
WO2011039404A1 (fr) * 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 Cuycha Innovation Oy Procédé d'amélioration de l'efficacité d'une éolienne ou d'une turbine hydraulique et éolienne/turbine correspondante

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0021790A1 (fr) * 1979-06-19 1981-01-07 Frederick Charles Evans Aéromoteurs et turbines à axe vertical
AT412010B (de) * 1999-11-16 2004-08-26 Josef Dipl Ing Brosowitsch Windkraftanlage mit vertikaler achse und tragflächenprofilen
DE20206234U1 (de) * 2002-04-19 2002-08-08 Gelhard Theresia Schwimmfähige Windkraftanlage
US20130045080A1 (en) * 2010-04-18 2013-02-21 Brian Kinloch Kirke Cross flow wind or hydrokinetic turbines

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1835018A (en) * 1925-10-09 1931-12-08 Leblanc Vickers Maurice Sa Turbine having its rotating shaft transverse to the flow of the current
JPS5519930A (en) * 1978-07-27 1980-02-13 Iwanaka Denki Seisakusho:Kk Governor for wind mill
US20030049128A1 (en) * 2000-03-21 2003-03-13 Rogan Alan John Wind turbine
JP2006242169A (ja) * 2005-02-04 2006-09-14 Betsukawa Seisakusho:Kk 回転翼及びこの回転翼を使用した発電装置
NL1035026C2 (nl) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-18 Jan Renger Sytstra Verticale-as-windturbine voor het opwekken van elektrische energie.
WO2011039404A1 (fr) * 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 Cuycha Innovation Oy Procédé d'amélioration de l'efficacité d'une éolienne ou d'une turbine hydraulique et éolienne/turbine correspondante

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102012000135A1 (de) 2013-07-11
EP2800899A1 (fr) 2014-11-12

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