WO2013100101A1 - Cod又はtocの電気化学的測定方法及び測定装置 - Google Patents
Cod又はtocの電気化学的測定方法及び測定装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013100101A1 WO2013100101A1 PCT/JP2012/083984 JP2012083984W WO2013100101A1 WO 2013100101 A1 WO2013100101 A1 WO 2013100101A1 JP 2012083984 W JP2012083984 W JP 2012083984W WO 2013100101 A1 WO2013100101 A1 WO 2013100101A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- toc
- test solution
- cod
- charge
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 30
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxolead Chemical compound O=[Pb]=O YADSGOSSYOOKMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogen phthalate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorosilver;silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag]Cl GTKRFUAGOKINCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000259 microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N theophylline Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(C)C2=C1NC=N2 ZFXYFBGIUFBOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- VFKWWQRZUVPOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury mercury Chemical compound [Hg].Cl[Hg] VFKWWQRZUVPOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940046892 lead acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012476 oxidizable substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000278 theophylline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1806—Biological oxygen demand [BOD] or chemical oxygen demand [COD]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1826—Organic contamination in water
- G01N33/1846—Total carbon analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/308—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells at least partially made of carbon
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/49—Systems involving the determination of the current at a single specific value, or small range of values, of applied voltage for producing selective measurement of one or more particular ionic species
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for electrochemical measurement of chemical oxygen demand (COD) or total organic carbon (TOC).
- COD chemical oxygen demand
- TOC total organic carbon
- COD and TOC are important indicators used to judge water quality such as industrial wastewater, sewage, lake water, and river water.
- the COD is calculated by oxidizing an oxidizable substance mainly intended for organic substances contained in a sample with an oxidant, and obtaining and converting the amount of oxygen necessary for oxidation from the amount of oxidant used at that time. .
- a method using potassium permanganate is defined as a standard measurement method, and many commercially available COD measurement apparatuses are also based on this method.
- the TOC calculates the total amount of carbon contained in the organic matter by oxidizing and decomposing the organic matter contained in the sample and measuring the amount of carbon dioxide generated.
- a non-dispersive infrared gas detector is often used for the determination of carbon dioxide.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new COD or TOC measurement method and apparatus.
- the present inventors have conducted total oxidative decomposition of an organic substance contained in a test solution on a conductive diamond electrode, and obtained COD or TOC from the charge amount.
- the present inventors have found a method and a measuring apparatus thereof and have completed the present invention.
- the measurement method according to the present invention is a measurement method for electrochemically measuring COD or TOC of a test solution containing an organic substance using a counter electrode and a working electrode composed of a conductive diamond electrode.
- a change in the current flowing between the two electrodes is detected, and the detected current value is the background.
- the amount of charge until the current value coincides is measured, and the COD or TOC of the test solution is obtained from the measured amount of charge.
- the measuring apparatus is a measuring apparatus for measuring COD or TOC of a test solution containing an organic substance, the cell containing a counter electrode and a working electrode composed of a conductive diamond electrode, and the above-described function.
- a new COD or TOC measurement method and measurement apparatus can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the measurement apparatus includes a working electrode 10, a counter electrode 20, and a reference electrode 30, and a measurement cell 50 in which these three electrodes are built in.
- the working electrode 10, the counter electrode 20, and the reference The electrode 30 is connected to a potentiostat 60, and an information processing device 70 is connected to the potentiostat 60.
- the measurement cell 50 is provided with a stirrer 40 that stirs the test solution S. Each part will be described below.
- a conductive diamond electrode can be used as the working electrode 10 used in the present invention.
- Diamond is an excellent insulator by nature. However, by adding impurities of Group 13 or Group 15, semiconductor-to-metal conductivity is exhibited. In the present invention, diamond having a semiconductor to metal-like conductivity is used as an electrode.
- Examples of the substance mixed in to impart conductivity to diamond include the elements of Groups 13 and 15 as described above, more preferably boron, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and further preferably boron. .
- a boron-doped diamond electrode doped with boron at a high concentration has advantageous properties such as a wide potential window (wide oxidation potential and reduction potential) and a low background current compared to other electrode materials.
- the boron-doped diamond electrode is excellent in chemical resistance, durability, electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and the like.
- the amount of substances mixed to impart conductivity to diamond may be appropriately determined within a range that can impart conductivity to diamond.
- the conductivity is about 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 to 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ cm.
- the amount added is generally controlled in the production process.
- the conductive diamond itself as an electrode regardless of the support of the base material, it is preferable to form a conductive diamond thin film on the base material and connect a conductive wire to the thin film to form an electrode.
- a base material Si (for example, single crystal silicon), Mo, W, Nb, Ti, Fe, Au, Ni, Co, Al 2 O 3 , SiC, Si 3 N 4 , ZrO 2 , MgO, graphite, single Crystal diamond, cBN, quartz glass and the like can be mentioned, and single crystal silicon, Mo, W, Nb, Ti, SiC, and single crystal diamond are particularly preferably used.
- the thickness of the conductive diamond thin film is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 to 100 ⁇ m, and more preferably about 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the conductive diamond electrode may take the form of a microelectrode.
- the diamond electrode in the form of a microelectrode has a configuration in which, for example, the end of a fine wire such as Pt is sharply cut, the end is further sharpened by electrolytic polishing, and then a conductive diamond thin film is formed on the end surface.
- the conductive diamond thin film can be manufactured by a chemical vapor deposition method.
- the chemical vapor deposition method is a method of synthesizing substances by chemically reacting gas raw materials in a gas phase, and is generally called a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method. This method is widely used in the semiconductor manufacturing process, and can be used for manufacturing the conductive diamond thin film according to the present invention under appropriate modifications.
- the chemical vapor synthesis of diamond is performed by using a mixture of a carbon-containing gas such as methane and hydrogen as a source gas, exciting it with an excitation source, supplying it on a substrate, and depositing it.
- a carbon-containing gas such as methane and hydrogen
- Excitation sources include hot filament, microwave, high frequency, direct current glow discharge, direct current arc discharge, combustion flame and the like. It is also possible to adjust the nucleation density by combining a plurality of these to increase the area and make it uniform.
- carbon is contained, decomposed and excited by an excitation source, and activated carbon such as C and C 2 and hydrocarbon radicals such as CH, CH 2 , CH 3 , and C 2 H 2
- activated carbon such as C and C 2 and hydrocarbon radicals such as CH, CH 2 , CH 3 , and C 2 H 2
- Various compounds to be generated can be used, and preferable specific examples include CH 4 , C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 4 , C 10 H 16 , CO, CF 4 as gas, and CH 3 OH, C 2 as liquid.
- Examples of H 5 OH, (CH 3 ) 2 CO, and solids include graphite and fullerene.
- the addition of a substance imparting conductivity to diamond is performed by, for example, placing a disk of the additive substance in the system, exciting the same as the carbon source material, and introducing the additive substance into the carbon gas phase
- an additive substance may be added to the carbon source in advance, introduced into the system together with the carbon source, excited by the excitation source, and introduced into the carbon gas phase.
- the latter method is preferred.
- the method of dissolving boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ) in the liquid to form a boron source is easy to control the boron concentration and simple.
- boron when boron is added to the carbon source, it is generally about 10 to 12,000 ppm, but preferably about 1,000 to 10,000 ppm.
- a plasma chemical vapor synthesis method is preferably used.
- This plasma chemical vapor synthesis method has the advantage that the activation energy causing a chemical reaction is large and the reaction is fast. Further, according to this method, a chemical species that does not exist unless it is thermodynamically high is generated, and a reaction at a low temperature is possible.
- the production of a conductive diamond thin film by a plasma chemical vapor synthesis method is described in, for example, Yano et al. , J .; Electrochem. Soc. 145 (1998) 1870.
- the boron-doped diamond electrode used in the present invention can be manufactured, for example, by a manufacturing method using a microwave plasma assisted CVD method as described below.
- a specific manufacturing method is as follows. First, a hydrogen plasma is generated in a chamber filled with hydrogen gas, a mixed gas of acetone and methanol in which boron species are dissolved is introduced, a carbon source is introduced, and conductivity (or semiconductivity) such as a silicon substrate is introduced. E) Vapor phase growth on the substrate. A silicon substrate ⁇ Si (100) ⁇ is used as the substrate, and the substrate surface is textured (for example, polished with 0.5 ⁇ m diamond powder), and then the substrate is set in a film forming apparatus holder.
- a mixture of acetone and methanol liquid, mixing ratio is 9: 1 by volume
- boron oxide B 2 O 3
- B / C boron / carbon
- hydrogen for example, 532 ml / min
- the power is adjusted to 5 kW.
- pure H 2 gas for example, 15 ml / min
- pure H 2 gas for example, 15 ml / min
- a diamond thin film was formed to a thickness of about 30 ⁇ m at a film formation rate of 1 to 4 ⁇ m / hour by the manufacturing method using the microwave plasma assisted CVD method, the substrate was not heated. It was observed that the temperature was about 850 to 950 ° C. in the steady state. Further, when a Raman spectrum of the obtained diamond thin film was taken, only a single peak was observed at 1333 cm ⁇ 1 . In addition, the electric conductivity is about 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ cm, and as a result of measuring a cyclic voltammogram in 0.5 M sulfuric acid, it has a wide potential window of ⁇ 1.25 to +2.3 V (vs. SHE). It could be confirmed.
- the conductive diamond electrode may be ion-implanted with at least one element selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, silver, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium and iridium on the surface thereof.
- An electrode manufactured by an ion implantation method has high stability, and the metal does not peel off even by ultrasonic cleaning or the like, and is excellent in metal dispersibility.
- the above elements are ion-implanted by using a known ion implantation apparatus and a known ion implantation technique.
- the ions do not need to be implanted deep inside the diamond thin film, but are simply supported near the surface. Therefore, the energy for accelerating ions does not need to be so high. Several tens of keV to 1 MeV is sufficient.
- the injection amount is preferably about 1 to 10 ⁇ 10 14 ions / cm 2 . Since the above elements only exhibit catalytic action such as the electrochemical oxidation reaction to be measured and are not consumed themselves, this amount of adhesion is sufficient. If the injection amount is too large, it becomes amorphous.
- the conductive diamond electrode may carry an oxide catalyst as a catalyst on the surface thereof.
- oxide catalyst include lead dioxide, bismuth-doped lead dioxide, fluorine-doped lead dioxide, cobalt-doped lead dioxide, tin oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, and nickel-doped aluminum oxide.
- oxide catalysts may be supported by a known method. For example, when lead dioxide particles are supported on a conductive diamond electrode, potential sweep (scanning speed: 5 mV) in 1M perchloric acid containing 10 mM lead nitrate. / S, potential range +1.4 to +1.8 V vs. Ag / AgCl, 3 cycles).
- the lead dioxide particles can be produced by performing some kind of oxidation treatment from Pb 2+ ions, such as a constant potential electrolysis method or a method of obtaining lead dioxide by heating and oxidizing after applying lead acetate as a precursor.
- counter electrode 20 for example, platinum, carbon, stainless steel, gold, diamond, SnO 2 or the like can be used.
- the reference electrode 30 As the reference electrode 30, a known one can be used, and a standard hydrogen electrode, a silver-silver chloride electrode, a mercury mercury chloride electrode, a hydrogen palladium electrode, or the like can be used. By contacting the reference electrode, the absolute value of the voltage applied between the working electrode and the counter electrode can be controlled.
- the measurement cell 50 is configured to store the test solution S therein so that the test solution S can come into contact with the working electrode 10, the counter electrode 20, and the reference electrode 30.
- the material of the measurement cell 50 is not particularly limited as long as the test solution S can be stored therein.
- the measurement cell 50 is preferably made of a resin such as polytetrafluoroethylene that can suppress elution of impurities as much as possible.
- the stirring bar 40 stirs the test solution S stored in the measurement cell 50.
- the stirring bar 40 stirs the test solution S, the generation of OH radicals on the working electrode and the efficiency of the oxidative decomposition reaction of organic substances by the OH radicals are improved.
- blade are not specifically limited, the said test solution S can be sufficiently stirred, generation
- a cross-shaped stirrer is preferably used. Agitation is effective when the volume of the sample is large, but is not necessary when measuring a small amount of sample.
- the potentiostat 60 detects a current generated between the working electrode 10 and the counter electrode 20 in a state where the potential of the working electrode 10 is kept constant with respect to the reference electrode 30, and outputs a detection signal thereof.
- the information is transmitted to the information processing apparatus 70.
- the potentiostat 60 has a function of scanning the potential at a constant speed and stepping to a specified potential at regular intervals. These functions do not need to be mounted on one unit, and for example, the potential holding function and the potential scanning function may be provided separately.
- the information processing apparatus 70 is a general purpose or dedicated device including a CPU, memory, input / output channels, input means such as a keyboard, output means such as a display, A / D converter, D / A converter, and the like.
- the CPU and its peripheral devices cooperate with each other in accordance with a program stored in a predetermined area of the memory, whereby the signal detected by the potentiostat 60 is analyzed, and all the organic substances in the test solution S are analyzed. The amount of charge until oxidative decomposition is measured, and the COD or TOC of the test solution S is determined from the measured amount of charge.
- the information processing apparatus 70 does not have to be physically integrated, and may be divided into a plurality of devices by wire or wireless.
- a boron-doped diamond electrode is used as the working electrode
- platinum is used as the counter electrode
- a silver-silver chloride electrode is used as the reference electrode.
- the electrolyte solution may be a commonly used one, such as a sodium sulfate aqueous solution or a phosphate buffer aqueous solution.
- the electrolyte solution in the measurement cell 50 is replaced with the same amount of the test solution S, and the same voltage as when the electrolyte solution was measured with stirring is applied to measure the change in current over time.
- the current value of the test solution S becomes the same value as the background current
- the organic substances contained in the test solution S are considered to have undergone total oxidative decomposition, and the test solution S from the start of measurement to total oxidative decomposition is considered.
- the amount of charge is determined from the difference between the change in current over time and the change in background current over time.
- the substance to be oxidized contained in the test solution S is mainly an organic substance.
- This organic substance is represented as C a H b N c O d .
- COD is the amount of oxygen required for oxidative decomposition.
- Patent Document 3 a calibration curve between a current value measured using a boron-doped diamond electrode and a COD of a standard sample is created, and from a current value obtained by measurement under the same test conditions, A method for determining COD based on a standard curve is shown.
- the measuring method of the present invention obtains the COD from the charge amount, the COD can be measured even for an unspecified component.
- TOC total organic carbon
- the oxidative decomposition on the electrode surface is as shown in the above formula 3.
- accurate TOC can be obtained by measuring the amount of charge necessary for total oxidative decomposition.
- Example 1 A boron-doped diamond electrode with a boron concentration of 10,000 ppm prepared by a microwave plasma CVD apparatus was installed in the measurement cell using a working electrode, a platinum electrode as a counter electrode, and a silver-silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode. Hokuto Denko HZ-5000 was used for the potentiostat. 3 mL of 0.1 M sodium sulfate aqueous solution was put into the measurement cell, 2.5 V was applied while stirring, and when the response current was observed, it became a steady state after 600 seconds. .
- the same charge amount was obtained by replacing the above-described method of adding lactic acid to the sodium sulfate aqueous solution in the measurement cell, and replacing all of the previously prepared 15 ⁇ M lactic acid aqueous solution and the solution in the measurement cell.
- Example 2 Except for the addition of lactic acid so that the lactic acid aqueous solution in the measurement cell has a concentration of 5 ⁇ M and 10 ⁇ M, in the same manner as in Example 1, the change in response current with time is measured to determine the amount of charge necessary for total oxidative decomposition. It was.
- FIG. 3 shows the charge amounts and theoretical values obtained from the experimental values for each case. The experimental and theoretical values are in good agreement.
- FIG. 3 shows the COD obtained by the above-described equation 6.
- the COD can be obtained from the charge amount.
- Example 3 The same boron-doped diamond electrode as in Example 1 was used as a working electrode, a platinum wire was used as a counter electrode, and a silver-silver chloride electrode was used as a reference electrode. Hokuto Denko HZ-5000 was used for the potentiostat. 4 mL of 0.1 M sodium sulfate aqueous solution was put into the measurement cell, 2.5 V was applied with stirring, and the response current was observed. As a result, a steady state was reached after 1000 seconds. . Next, 50 nmol each of glucose and potassium hydrogen phthalate were added to the sodium sulfate aqueous solution in the measurement cell to prepare a sample having a theoretical TOC of 2.1 mg / l. The response current was measured for 10,000 seconds until the time when the sample showed the same current value as the background current while being stirred with 2.5 V applied. The amount of charge corresponding to the integral value of the difference between the response current and the background current was determined to be 0.262C.
- the amount of carbon atoms calculated from the charge amount is 0.704 ⁇ mol, and the TOC can be calculated to be 2.11 mg / L.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram in which FIGS. 4 and 5 are overlapped.
- the theoretical TOC and the electrochemically obtained TOC almost coincide with each other, and according to the method of the present invention, it has been found that a more accurate TOC is required than a commercially available TOC meter.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
一般には、有機物を電気分解するためには比較的高い電位を印加する必要があり、そのために電極自身の分解・劣化や、副反応として水の電気分解が起きるが、上記の方法で求めた電荷量の測定では、劣化や副反応の影響を排除することができる。
被検溶液Sに含有される被酸化物質は主に有機物である。この有機物をCaHbNcOdと表す。CODは酸化分解に要する酸素量のことであるが、まず式1に従い、必要な酸素モル数xを求めると、式2で表される。
CaHbNcOd+xO2→aCO2+b/2H2O+cNO2 (式1)
x=a+b/4+c-d/2 (式2)
CaHbNcOd+yOH-→aCO2+(b+y)/2H2O+cNO2+ye-(式3)
y=4a+b+4c-2d (式4)
y=4x (式5)
の比例関係にあり、有機物を特定するa~dの値によらずに、全酸化分解に必要な電荷量から正確なCODを求めることができる。すなわち、この方法によれば含有成分がわからない被検溶液Sであっても正確なCODを求めることができる。
1モルの電子が持つ電荷はファラデー定数より、96485クーロンであるので、
X=Y/96485*1/Z*1/4*32*103
=0.083*Y/Z (式6)
として求められる。
例えば、国際公開第2001/098766号には、ダイヤモンド電極を用いて測定された、カフェイン及びテオフィリンについての濃度とピーク電流値との検量線が記載されているが、これを元に、計算値のCODとピーク電流値との相関係数を試算すると、2つの化合物で異なっているので、ピーク電流値からCODを特定することはできない。つまり、特許文献3に記載された方法でCODを測定できたのは、排水に含まれる有機成分が既知のものを対象としたからであり、不特定成分においては、電流値からCODを測定することはできない。
TOCは全有機炭素であるから、上記式1におけるaのことである。また、電極表面での酸化分解は上記式3に示した通りである。被検溶液Sに含まれる有機物CaHbNcOdがc=0かつb=2dの場合、例えばグルコースや乳酸の場合、x=aとなり、y=4aの関係が得られるので、CODの場合と同様に、全酸化分解に必要な電荷量を測定すれば、正確なTOCを求めることができる。
マイクロ波プラズマCVD装置によって作製したドープホウ素濃度10000ppmのボロンドープダイヤモンド電極を作用電極に、対電極に白金電極を、参照電極に銀塩化銀電極を用いて測定セルに設置した。ポテンショスタットに北斗電工製HZ-5000を用いた。
測定セルに0.1M濃度の硫酸ナトリウム水溶液を3mL入れ、撹拌しながら2.5Vを印加して、応答電流を観測したところ、600秒後に定常状態となったので、これをバックグランド電流とした。
次に15μM濃度の乳酸水溶液となるように、上記の測定セル中の硫酸ナトリウム水溶液に乳酸を添加し、2.5Vを印加したまま撹拌しながら14000秒間応答電流を測定した。結果を図2に示す。バックグランド電流と同じ電流値を示す時間まで、すなわち図2において600~10000秒の三角形部分の面積にあたる電荷量を求めたところ、52mCであった。したがって、15μM乳酸水溶液3mLを全酸化分解するのに必要な電荷量は52mCであると求められた。理論値は52.1mCであり、よく一致した。なお、測定セル中の硫酸ナトリウム水溶液に乳酸を添加する上記の方法に替え、予め調製した15μM濃度の乳酸水溶液と測定セル中の溶液とを全量入れ替える方法によっても同様の電荷量が得られた。
測定セルの乳酸水溶液が5μM及び10μM濃度となるように乳酸を添加するほかは、実施例1と同様にして、応答電流の経時変化を測定し、全酸化分解するのに必要な電荷量を求めた。それぞれの場合について、実験値で得られた電荷量と理論値を図3に示す。実験値と理論値はよく一致していた。
実施例1と同様のボロンドープダイヤモンド電極を作用電極に、白金線を対電極に、銀塩化銀電極を参照電極に用いて測定セルに設置した。ポテンショスタットに北斗電工製HZ-5000を用いた。
測定セルに0.1M濃度の硫酸ナトリウム水溶液を4mL入れ、撹拌しながら2.5Vを印加して、応答電流を観測したところ、1000秒後に定常状態となったので、これをバックグランド電流とした。
次に上記の測定セル中の硫酸ナトリウム水溶液に、グルコース及びフタル酸水素カリウムをそれぞれ50nmol添加し、理論TOCが2.1mg/lである試料を調製した。この試料に、2.5Vを印加したまま撹拌しながらバックグランド電流と同じ電流値を示す時間まで10000秒間応答電流を測定した。応答電流とバックグランド電流の差分の積分値にあたる電荷量を求めたところ、0.262Cであった。
C6H12O6+24・OH→6CO2+18H2O+24e- (式7)
C8H5O4 -+29・OH→8CO2+17H2O+30e- (式8)
上記の試料には、グルコース及びフタル酸水素カリウムがそれぞれ50nmol含まれていたので、理論電荷量は、0.261Cと計算される。したがって、電荷量の実測値と理論電荷量はよく一致していた。
グルコース1molとフタル酸水素カリウム1molの炭素原子量は合わせて14molであることから、電荷量から計算される炭素原子量は0.704μmolとなり、TOCは2.11mg/Lと計算できる。
それぞれの場合について、理論TOCと電荷量から計算されるTOCとの関係を図4にプロットしたところ、直線性が高く、決定係数は0.9979であった。そして、理論TOCと電荷量から計算されるTOCとはほぼ一致していた。このように、グルコースとフタル酸水素カリウムとを1:1のモル数で含む溶液において、全酸化分解に必要な電荷量からほぼ理論値に一致するTOCを求めることができる。
20:対電極
30:参照電極
40:撹拌子
50:測定セル
60:ポテンショスタット
70:情報処理装置
S:被検溶液
Claims (4)
- 有機物を含有する被検溶液の化学的酸素要求量(COD)又は全有機炭素(TOC)を、対電極と導電性ダイヤモンド電極からなる作用電極とを用い電気化学的に測定する測定方法であって、
前記被検溶液に前記作用電極と前記対電極とを接触させ、
前記作用電極と前記対電極との間に電圧を印加したときに両極間に流れる電流の変化を検出し、
検出される電流値がバックグラウンド電流値と一致するまでの電荷量を測定し、
測定された電荷量から前記被検溶液のCOD又はTOCを求める測定方法。 - 前記被検溶液を撹拌した状態で、前記作用電極と前記対電極との間に電圧を印加する請求項1に記載の測定方法。
- 有機物を含有する被検溶液の化学的酸素要求量(COD)又は全有機炭素(TOC)を測定する測定装置であって、
対電極と導電性ダイヤモンド電極からなる作用電極とを内蔵するセルと、
前記作用電極と前記対電極との間に電圧を印加する手段と、
当該印加電圧下に流れる電流の変化を検出する手段と、
検出される電流値がバックグラウンド電流値と一致するまでの電荷量を測定し、測定された電荷量から前記被検溶液のCOD又はTOCを求める情報処理手段と、
を備える測定装置。 - 前記セル中に注入した前記被検溶液を撹拌する手段を更に備える請求項3に記載の測定装置。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201280064359.4A CN104024842A (zh) | 2011-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Cod或toc的电气化学测定方法及测定仪 |
KR1020147012305A KR20140116373A (ko) | 2011-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Cod 또는 toc의 전기 화학적 측정 방법 및 측정 장치 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011-286590 | 2011-12-27 | ||
JP2011286590 | 2011-12-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013100101A1 true WO2013100101A1 (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
Family
ID=48697579
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2012/083984 WO2013100101A1 (ja) | 2011-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Cod又はtocの電気化学的測定方法及び測定装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPWO2013100101A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20140116373A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104024842A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013100101A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103743693A (zh) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-23 | 浙江大学 | 基于电化学催化氧化的总有机碳分析仪及其方法 |
JP2016161385A (ja) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-09-05 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 撹拌注入機構、検出ユニットおよび測定装置 |
CN111965112A (zh) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-11-20 | 中国环境科学研究院 | 地表水高锰酸盐指数/化学需氧量背景值判定的方法及应用 |
CN112147711A (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 野外快速获取海相页岩总有机碳方法及系统 |
US11092585B2 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2021-08-17 | Giner, Inc. | Electrochemical method for detection and quantification of organic compounds in water |
CN117949516A (zh) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-04-30 | 山西天和盛环境检测股份有限公司 | 一种水体检测装置 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104459169A (zh) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-03-25 | 浙江工商大学 | 一种d-果糖溶液浓度检测装置和方法 |
CN105203608B (zh) * | 2015-11-03 | 2017-12-15 | 中国航天员科研训练中心 | 氢钯电极电化学氧传感器 |
JP7440618B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-30 | 2024-02-28 | ビーエル テクノロジーズ、インコーポレイテッド | 単一のサンプルを用いた全有機炭素および導電率の検証および較正 |
CN112903772B (zh) * | 2021-01-16 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | 溶液toc浓度的原位初测与预判方法 |
CN113740406A (zh) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-03 | 南开大学 | 一种便携式小型化cod电化学测量装置及其测量方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06258284A (ja) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-09-16 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Bod測定装置 |
JPH11132997A (ja) * | 1997-10-27 | 1999-05-21 | Dam Suigenchi Kankyo Seibi Center | 電解式codセンサー及び該センサーを用いるcodの測定法 |
JP2008019120A (ja) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-31 | Shunichi Uchiyama | 電極材料及びその製造方法並びに電気化学センサ、燃料電池用電極、酸素還元触媒電極及びバイオセンサ |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5399247A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-03-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of electrolysis employing a doped diamond anode to oxidize solutes in wastewater |
US6267866B1 (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2001-07-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Fabrication of a high surface area boron-doped diamond coated metal mesh for electrochemical applications |
KR20080042076A (ko) * | 2005-08-11 | 2008-05-14 | 아쿠아 다이아그노스틱 피티와이 엘티디 | 광전기화학법을 사용한 물 분석 |
CN101105472B (zh) * | 2007-06-11 | 2010-05-19 | 大连理工大学 | 一种电化学测量水体化学需氧量的方法 |
CN101221145B (zh) * | 2008-01-25 | 2012-01-04 | 大连理工大学 | 一种基于流动注射进样的水中化学需氧量测量装置和方法 |
CN101639459B (zh) * | 2008-08-01 | 2012-08-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 检测水体化学需氧量的方法及装置 |
-
2012
- 2012-12-27 KR KR1020147012305A patent/KR20140116373A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-12-27 JP JP2013551844A patent/JPWO2013100101A1/ja active Pending
- 2012-12-27 CN CN201280064359.4A patent/CN104024842A/zh active Pending
- 2012-12-27 WO PCT/JP2012/083984 patent/WO2013100101A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06258284A (ja) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-09-16 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Bod測定装置 |
JPH11132997A (ja) * | 1997-10-27 | 1999-05-21 | Dam Suigenchi Kankyo Seibi Center | 電解式codセンサー及び該センサーを用いるcodの測定法 |
JP2008019120A (ja) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-31 | Shunichi Uchiyama | 電極材料及びその製造方法並びに電気化学センサ、燃料電池用電極、酸素還元触媒電極及びバイオセンサ |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103743693A (zh) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-23 | 浙江大学 | 基于电化学催化氧化的总有机碳分析仪及其方法 |
JP2016161385A (ja) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-09-05 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 撹拌注入機構、検出ユニットおよび測定装置 |
US11092585B2 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2021-08-17 | Giner, Inc. | Electrochemical method for detection and quantification of organic compounds in water |
CN112147711A (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 野外快速获取海相页岩总有机碳方法及系统 |
CN111965112A (zh) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-11-20 | 中国环境科学研究院 | 地表水高锰酸盐指数/化学需氧量背景值判定的方法及应用 |
CN111965112B (zh) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-14 | 中国环境科学研究院 | 地表水高锰酸盐指数/化学需氧量背景值判定的方法及应用 |
CN117949516A (zh) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-04-30 | 山西天和盛环境检测股份有限公司 | 一种水体检测装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2013100101A1 (ja) | 2015-05-11 |
KR20140116373A (ko) | 2014-10-02 |
CN104024842A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2013100101A1 (ja) | Cod又はtocの電気化学的測定方法及び測定装置 | |
Wang et al. | Free-standing nickel oxide nanoflake arrays: synthesis and application for highly sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensors | |
US6855242B1 (en) | Electrochemical production of peroxopyrosulphuric acid using diamond coated electrodes | |
Sun et al. | Analysis of cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanorods designed for non-enzyme glucose detection | |
Chen et al. | Electrochemical sensing of glucose by carbon cloth-supported Co3O4/PbO2 core-shell nanorod arrays | |
Feng et al. | Influence of boron concentration on growth characteristic and electro-catalytic performance of boron-doped diamond electrodes prepared by direct current plasma chemical vapor deposition | |
JP4978858B2 (ja) | ダイヤモンド電極及びこれを備えたセンサ | |
Yang et al. | A rigorous electrochemical ammonia electrolysis protocol with in operando quantitative analysis | |
Dettlaff et al. | Enhanced electrochemical kinetics of highly-oriented (111)-textured boron-doped diamond electrodes induced by deuterium plasma chemistry | |
Eryiğit et al. | ZnO nanosheets-decorated ERGO layers: An efficient electrochemical sensor for non-enzymatic uric acid detection | |
Liu et al. | A highly stable microporous boron-doped diamond electrode etched by oxygen plasma for enhanced electrochemical ozone generation | |
JP4619506B2 (ja) | グルコースの濃度を測定するためのダイヤモンド電極、ならびにそれを用いた測定方法および装置 | |
Fierro et al. | pH sensing using boron doped diamond electrodes | |
US20170217800A1 (en) | Nitrate reduction method, nitrate reduction catalyst, nitrate reduction electrode, fuel cell, and water treatment apparatus | |
Wu et al. | Microplasma and quenching-induced Co doped NiMoO4 nanorods with oxygen vacancies for electrochemical determination of glucose in food and serum | |
JP2008189997A (ja) | 導電性ダイヤモンドライクカーボンの製造方法 | |
JP3703787B2 (ja) | 導電性ダイヤモンド電極を用いた被検物質濃度の測定方法およびそのための装置 | |
WO2007114252A1 (ja) | 蛋白質の測定方法 | |
JP2003121410A (ja) | 被検化合物の検出方法、およびそれに用いるダイヤモンド電極および装置 | |
JP2008256604A (ja) | 溶存オゾン濃度測定装置及び溶存オゾン濃度測定方法 | |
US20130177836A1 (en) | Polyaniline-supported atomic gold electrodes and methods of making and using same | |
JPWO2001098766A1 (ja) | キサンチン系化合物の濃度を測定する方法およびそれに用いられるセンサ | |
Čambal et al. | Boron-doped {113},{115} and {118}-oriented single-crystal diamond electrodes: Effect of surface pre-treatment | |
Liu et al. | Influence of phosphorus doping level and acid pretreatment on the voltammetric behavior of phosphorus incorporated tetrahedral amorphous carbon film electrodes | |
JP2002189016A (ja) | チオールの濃度測定法およびそれに用いられるセンサ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12863401 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2013551844 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20147012305 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 12863401 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |