WO2013091342A1 - 车载通信方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

车载通信方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013091342A1
WO2013091342A1 PCT/CN2012/075774 CN2012075774W WO2013091342A1 WO 2013091342 A1 WO2013091342 A1 WO 2013091342A1 CN 2012075774 W CN2012075774 W CN 2012075774W WO 2013091342 A1 WO2013091342 A1 WO 2013091342A1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle
fixed
accessed
time
allocated
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PCT/CN2012/075774
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张俊
曹建农
田永刚
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华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP12860557.3A priority Critical patent/EP2797366B1/en
Publication of WO2013091342A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013091342A1/zh
Priority to US14/309,444 priority patent/US9479999B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/02Access restriction performed under specific conditions
    • H04W48/04Access restriction performed under specific conditions based on user or terminal location or mobility data, e.g. moving direction, speed
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/20Selecting an access point

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an in-vehicle communication method, apparatus, and system.
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • the communication bandwidth of the user is limited by the bandwidth of the returning link.
  • the bandwidth of the cellular network is narrow, each user can obtain Bandwidth is reduced to 4, and high-speed data services such as multimedia services cannot be supported.
  • An object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a wireless multi-connection based on-vehicle communication method, device and system in an in-vehicle environment, which increases the bandwidth of a user on a bus by using an in-vehicle access device to support a large amount of data. business.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides a vehicle communication method, including:
  • the qualified fixed AP is a fixed AP whose distance from the current location of the vehicle is less than its own maximum transmission distance;
  • the mobile terminal in the vehicle is triggered to access the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed in the vehicle in the scheduling period according to the allocated time.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides an in-vehicle communication device, which includes:
  • a first obtaining unit that acquires a current location of the vehicle
  • a second acquiring unit configured to acquire, according to a location where the vehicle is currently located, all the qualified fixed access points AP located outside the vehicle, where the qualified fixed AP is located at a location where the vehicle is currently located a fixed AP whose distance is less than its own maximum transmission distance;
  • a scanning unit configured to scan all the qualified fixed APs in a scheduling period
  • a selecting unit configured to select all the qualified fixings according to the result of scanning by the scanning unit
  • At least one fixed AP whose signal strength is greater than a preset value in the AP is used as a fixed AP to be accessed;
  • a triggering unit configured to trigger, when the preset access condition is met, the mobile terminal in the vehicle to access the in-vehicle AP in the vehicle and the to-be-accessed in the scheduling period according to the allocated time Fixed AP.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an in-vehicle communication system, including: an in-vehicle communication device and an in-vehicle AP, wherein the in-vehicle communication device and the in-vehicle AP are disposed in the vehicle;
  • the in-vehicle communication device is used to:
  • a fixed AP with better signal strength is selected by scanning a fixed AP near the vehicle, and the UE in the vehicle is triggered according to the allocation when the access condition is satisfied.
  • Time access to the car AP and the selected fixed AP with better signal strength Since the fixed AP can provide higher data transmission rate than the car AP, the communication bandwidth of the user in the car can be increased to support the large The amount of data in the business.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an in-vehicle communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an in-vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an in-vehicle communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of users are located in a mobile bus, and the bus is equipped with an in-vehicle AP (Access Point), and the in-vehicle AP supports WLAN.
  • Access technology and cellular network access technology are exemplified by the IEEE 802.11 ⁇ technology, and the cellular network access technology is described by taking the WCDMA access technology as an example.
  • the user's handheld device supports IEEE 802.11n, which can be connected to the vehicle, and the vehicle uses WCDMA access technology to communicate with the WCDMA macro base station.
  • the user's handheld device supports multiple connections and can be connected to multiple WLAN access devices at the same time.
  • the GPS on the bus can measure the location of the bus and the speed of the bus, and the car AP can use both of these information.
  • the bus route is fixed, and there are many fixed APs in the vicinity of the bus line. These fixed APs can be WiFi booths with WLAN access function, or other access devices that support cellular access functions.
  • the vehicle user can access the fixed AP near the bus line based on the access device of the terminal.
  • D is a scheduling period, that is, the user can schedule the connection time with different APs and the time for performing channel scanning in each unit time slice D.
  • D 400 ms is set.
  • a scheduling period D is divided into 20 sub-time slices, and each sub-time slice d has a length of 20 ms.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for in-vehicle communication based on a wireless multi-connection.
  • the method is applied to the scenario shown in FIG. 1.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 101 Obtain a current location of the vehicle
  • the current location of the vehicle can be obtained by GPS (Global Positioning System) installed on the vehicle.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • Step 102 Acquire, according to the current location of the vehicle, all the qualified fixed access points AP located outside the vehicle, where the qualified fixed AP is less than the current location of the vehicle. Fixed AP with maximum transmission distance;
  • all qualified APs can be obtained by querying: based on statistics of APs in the vicinity of the bus line, a fixed AP database is pre-established, and the database records each location interval on the bus line and The correspondence between all fixed APs (all fixed APs that can cover the current location interval) whose distance from the location interval is smaller than the maximum transmission distance of the fixed AP, Wherein, the location interval is obtained by dividing the entire bus line into a plurality of areas; then the vehicle AP corresponds to the current position information obtained from the GPS on the bus, and the current position is corresponding to the position interval on the bus line, and finally the query is performed. Pre-established fixed AP database to obtain all qualified APs.
  • the maximum transmission distance of the fixed AP is generally 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m or 300m. The specific needs need to be determined according to the AP's transmitting power and the surrounding environment. It can be understood that there is no obstacle blocking. In an open environment, the maximum transmission distance of the AP is farther than indoors or in an environment with obstacles. In addition, in the same environment, the larger the transmission power of the AP, the farther the maximum transmission distance is.
  • the eligible fixed AP may also be a summary of the history of the eligible fixed APs scanned by the previous vehicle AP in the location interval.
  • the qualified AP can be detected in real time by the signal detecting device of the vehicle AP.
  • the signal detecting device of the vehicle AP broadcasts a probe request message to the surroundings, and according to the received response signal, It is known which fixed APs are at a distance from the current location of the vehicle that is less than its own maximum transmission distance, and then all the qualified APs are obtained.
  • Step 103 Scan all the eligible fixed APs in a scheduling period. Specifically, in the scheduling period, the scanning process of the qualified fixed APs is as follows: The in-vehicle AP sequentially obtains all the qualified conditions. The fixed AP sends a probe request message, and records the received response signal strength of each AP, that is, the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) value (in dbm), if no response signal of an AP is received. , then the RSSI of the AP is zero.
  • RSSI Receiveived Signal Strength Indication
  • Step 104 Select, according to the result of the scanning, at least one fixed AP that has a signal strength greater than a preset value in all the qualified fixed APs as the fixed AP to be accessed;
  • one AP with the largest RSSI is selected as the fixed AP to be accessed; in another embodiment, all the fixed ones are met.
  • the RSSI values are sorted from large to small, and k (k is a positive integer) fixed APs whose RSSI is greater than a preset value are selected as fixed APs to be accessed.
  • multiple sub-time slices may be used to perform multiple scans on all the fixed APs that meet the conditions in one scheduling period, for example, three times, and each record is recorded.
  • the RSSI of each fixed AP during the sub-scanning process After the three scans, the fixed AP with the largest RSSI value (three averages) is the fixed AP to be accessed.
  • Step 105 When the preset access condition is met, the mobile terminal in the vehicle is triggered to access the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed in the scheduling period according to the allocated time.
  • the mobile terminal may be a user equipment (hereinafter referred to as a UE), a mobile relay, or the like; the UE may be a mobile phone, a personal computer, or the like, and the UE is used as an example for description, but is not used. To limit the protection range of the mobile terminal.
  • a UE user equipment
  • the UE may be a mobile phone, a personal computer, or the like, and the UE is used as an example for description, but is not used.
  • the protection range of the mobile terminal may be a user equipment (hereinafter referred to as a UE), a mobile relay, or the like; the UE may be a mobile phone, a personal computer, or the like, and the UE is used as an example for description, but is not used.
  • the in-vehicle AP triggers the mobile terminal in the vehicle to access the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed in the scheduling period according to the current time according to the current vehicle speed.
  • the document “Fatvap: Aggregating ap backhaul bandwidth,” proposes an optimization of the time that the terminal will transmit data on each AP for WLAN multi-connection.
  • the optimization scheme is based on a dynamic programming method, and each user can optimize the time for configuring each AP to access each AP so that the proportion of time accessed on each AP is not more than
  • the AP's wireless bandwidth, optimized configuration, aims to maximize user throughput.
  • the time allocated in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the time allocated to the in-vehicle AP and the time allocated to the fixed AP to be accessed.
  • the allocated time may be preset. For example, in a scheduling period D (400ms), the time allocated to the in-vehicle AP can be preset to be 100ms, and the time allocated to the fixed AP to be accessed is 300ms.
  • the allocated time may be calculated according to a preset scheduling policy. Specifically, when the fixed AP to be accessed is one, when the onboard AP is ⁇ ⁇ and the AP in the AP best is AP g , the time for the UE to connect the AP C and the AP g is as follows:
  • the time allocated to the in-vehicle AP AP C is f c
  • the time allocated to the fixed AP AP g to be accessed is f g
  • the user connects to the AP.
  • the scheduling formula of AP g (Formula 1 )
  • RSS g _ RSS 0 (Equation 2) where £ is the switching time of the UE switching at different APs, and the switching time of the general UE is about 4 ms.
  • RSS G is the RSSI of AP G. It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the fixed AP AP G to be accessed is
  • the RSSI may be the RSSI recorded during the scanning process of step 102; in another embodiment, in order to more accurately obtain the current RSSI of the fixed AP AP g to be accessed, to formulate a more accurate scheduling scheme, on the bus
  • the UE may actively scan the AP in the AP TEST by using a sub-time slice to obtain the current RSSI of the AP in the AP BEST , and use the RSSI to calculate the allocation to the car AP AP C and The time of the fixed AP AP G to be accessed.
  • RSS For a threshold, it is recommended to take the value -95dbm if RSS G is in RSS. Below the value, the signal characterizing the fixed AP to be accessed is weak and insufficient to maintain a high speed connection. "For system parameters, control whether to give a fixed AP connection time, it is recommended to take between 0.5 and 2.
  • the current running speed is a set speed threshold, and the typical value is 2m/s.
  • the value of A can be determined according to the vehicle speed. The slower the vehicle speed, the greater the weight A. When the vehicle speed is zero, the vehicle stops. When it comes down, the weight is the maximum value of 1. When the vehicle speed is equal to ⁇ , the theoretical value of the weight A is 0, but this weight has no practical meaning. Therefore, in this special case, it can be specified as a specific value, such as 0.01. .
  • a scheduling period is set to 400 ms, and in a scheduling period, the UE configures the time for accessing the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed according to the calculated time f c , f g , According to the configured time, the vehicle is connected to the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed in a scheduling period.
  • the purpose of allocating time here is to allow the user to allocate more time to connect to the fixed AP to be accessed when the bus is closer to the fixed AP to be accessed, and increase the throughput rate;
  • the user starts to move away from the fixed AP to be accessed, and the connection bandwidth is reduced.
  • the connection time is reduced, and the connection interruption time (ie 4 *D) can be guaranteed when the user disconnects from the AP. ) will be smaller.
  • the k APs included in the AP best are sequentially AP e , AP e .
  • the time allocated to the in-vehicle AP AP C is f c
  • the time allocated to each fixed AP to be accessed is f gl , f g2 ....f gk
  • each fixed AP to be accessed in AP ⁇ respectively calculate Equation 2, and obtain the time ratio f assigned to the in-vehicle AP and to each of the fixed APs to be accessed.
  • f gl , f c f g2 ....f c : f gk
  • substituting each ratio according to formula (3): fc + ⁇ f gi l-%- ⁇ (Equation 3)
  • Calculated vehicle assigned to AP AP C and k is fixed to be accessed AP AP e, AP e & AP e time f gl, ff fg "
  • the embodiment of the present invention only takes the vehicle speed as a trigger condition as an example, and details the vehicle-mounted AP triggering the in-vehicle UE to simultaneously connect according to the vehicle speed.
  • the method of the vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed, but using the vehicle speed as a trigger condition does not constitute a limitation of the technical solution provided by the present invention.
  • the signal strength of the data packet received by the in-vehicle AP may be used as a trigger condition, and the UE in the vehicle is triggered to access the in-vehicle AP and the device respectively in the scheduling period according to time.
  • the fixed AP to be accessed Specifically, it is assumed that the selected fixed AP device name to be accessed is represented as an AP.
  • the vehicle-mounted AP measures the signal strength of the data packet every time a packet is received according to the result of the scanning, if the signal strength RSSI of the data packet is greater than Pre-set intensity value RSS.
  • the in-vehicle AP broadcasts the device name AP test of the fixed AP to be accessed selected in step 102 to the UE in the car by using a sub-time slice, and the UE on the bus receives the AP broadcasted by the car AP.
  • the test using the multi-connection method, respectively accessing the car in the scheduling period according to the allocated time
  • the AP and the fixed AP to be accessed are carried.
  • the time when the UE is connected to the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed has been described in detail before, and is not mentioned here.
  • a fixed AP with better signal strength is selected by scanning a fixed AP near the vehicle, and the UE in the vehicle is triggered according to the allocation when the access condition is satisfied.
  • Time access to the car AP and the selected fixed AP with better signal strength Since the fixed AP can provide higher data transmission rate than the car AP, the communication bandwidth of the user in the car can be increased to support the large The amount of data in the business.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an in-vehicle communication device, including: a first acquiring unit 310, configured to acquire a current location of a vehicle;
  • a second obtaining unit 320 configured to acquire, according to a location where the vehicle is currently located, all the qualified fixed access points AP located outside the vehicle, where the qualified fixed AP is the current location of the vehicle a fixed AP whose distance is less than its own maximum transmission distance;
  • the second obtaining unit 320 acquires all the qualified fixed APs by way of inquiry. Specifically, based on statistics of APs in the vicinity of the bus line, a fixed AP database is pre-established, and the database records all fixed APs in each location section on the bus line and the distance from the location section is smaller than the maximum transmission distance of the fixed AP.
  • the second obtaining unit 320 is based on the current position obtained from the GPS on the bus The information is used to map the current location to the location interval on the bus line, and then the second obtaining unit 320 obtains all the fixed APs that meet the conditions by querying the pre-established fixed AP database.
  • the maximum transmission distance of the fixed AP is generally 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m or 300m. The specific needs need to be determined according to the AP's transmit power and the surrounding environment. It can be understood that there is no obstacle blocking. In an open environment, the maximum transmission distance of the AP is farther than indoors or in an environment with obstacles. In addition, in the same environment, the larger the transmission power of the AP, the farther the maximum transmission distance is.
  • the second obtaining unit 320 may also acquire the previous location in the location interval. The history of eligible fixed APs is merged as all fixed APs that meet the criteria. In another embodiment, the second obtaining unit 320 may also obtain a qualified AP that is qualified according to the real-time detection manner. Specifically, the signal detecting device broadcasts a probe request message to the surroundings, and according to the received response signal strength, the information may be learned. Which fixed APs are at a distance from the current location of the vehicle is less than its own maximum transmission distance, that is, the signal coverage includes the current location of the vehicle, and then all the fixed APs that meet the conditions are obtained.
  • the scanning unit 330 is configured to scan all the qualified fixed APs in one scheduling period
  • the scanning process of the scanning unit 330 is as follows: The scanning unit 330 sequentially sends a probe request message to all the qualified APs that are acquired by the acquiring unit 330, and records the received RSSI of each fixed AP, if no For the response signal of the AP, the RSSI of the AP is recorded as zero.
  • the selecting unit 340 is configured to select, according to a result of the scanning unit scan, the at least one fixed AP of the all the fixed APs with the signal strength greater than a preset value as the fixed AP to be accessed;
  • the selecting unit 340 selects one AP with the largest RSSI as the fixed AP to be accessed; in another embodiment, in the scanning unit After performing a scan on all eligible fixed APs, the selection unit 340 may sort the RSSI values of all the fixed APs that meet the conditions from large to small, and select k with the RSSI greater than a predetermined value (k is a positive integer) A fixed AP is used as a fixed AP to be accessed.
  • the scanning unit 330 may perform multiple scans, for example 3 times, on all eligible fixed APs with multiple sub-time slices in one scheduling period, and record each during each scanning process.
  • the RSSI of the AP after the three scans are completed, the selection unit 340 regards the AP with the largest RSSI value (three times average) as the fixed AP to be accessed. It can be understood that, in another embodiment, the scanning unit 330 can also select k (k>l) APs with the largest average RSSI value as the AP. A fixed AP to be accessed.
  • the triggering unit 350 is configured to trigger, when the preset access condition is met, the mobile terminal in the vehicle to access the in-vehicle AP and the to-be-connected in the vehicle respectively in the scheduling period according to the allocated time. Into the fixed AP.
  • the access condition is: the vehicle speed is below a predetermined value. Specifically, it is assumed that the device name of the access AP selected by the selecting unit 340 is represented as AP best , and the trigger unit 350 passes the detection.
  • the device name of the fixed AP to be accessed is AP best. (If there are multiple fixed APs to be accessed by the selection unit 340, the device name list AP of the selected fixed AP to be accessed is broadcast to the UE in the vehicle.
  • the UE on the bus accesses the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed respectively in the scheduling period according to the allocated time.
  • the triggering unit 350 may use the signal strength of the data packet received by the vehicle-mounted AP to be greater than a certain set strength value as an access condition, and trigger the UE in the vehicle to be respectively in the scheduling period according to time.
  • the trigger unit 350 broadcasts the device name AP b ⁇ t of the fixed AP to be accessed selected by the selection unit 340 to the UE in the vehicle with a sub-time slice, and the UE on the bus receives After the AP ⁇ broadcasted by the triggering unit 350 is connected to the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed respectively in the scheduling period according to the allocated time.
  • the in-vehicle communication device further includes: a time calculation unit 360, configured to calculate a time allocated to the in-vehicle AP and a time allocated to the fixed AP to be accessed according to a preset scheduling policy.
  • the time calculation unit 360 calculates the time when the UE connects ⁇ ⁇ and AP g as follows: In a scheduling period, the time allocated to the in-vehicle AP AP C is f c , which is allocated to be accessed. Fixed ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ time is f g , the user connects to the AP. And AP scheduling formula:
  • the RSSI may be the RSSI recorded by the scanning unit 330 during the scanning process; in another embodiment, in order to more accurately obtain the current RSSI of the fixed AP AP g to be accessed, to formulate a more accurate scheduling scheme, on the bus
  • the UE may actively scan the AP in the AP test by using a sub-time slice to obtain the current RSSI of the AP in the AP best , and use the RSSI to calculate the allocation to the in-vehicle AP AP C and The time of the fixed AP AP g to be accessed.
  • RSS For a threshold, it is recommended to take the value -95dbm if RSS g is in RSS. Below the value, the signal characterizing the fixed AP to be accessed is weak and insufficient to maintain a high speed connection. "For system parameters, control whether to give a fixed AP connection time, it is recommended to take between 0.5 and 2.
  • the current running speed is a set speed threshold, and the typical value is 2m/s.
  • the value of A can be determined according to the vehicle speed. The slower the vehicle speed, the greater the weight A. When the vehicle speed is zero, the vehicle stops. When it comes down, the weight is the maximum value of 1; when the vehicle speed V is equal to ⁇ , the theoretical value of the weight A is 0, but this weight has no practical meaning. Therefore, in this special case, A can be specified as a specific value, such as 0.01. It can be understood that, in another embodiment, A can also be determined according to the signal strength of the data packet currently received by the vehicle AP, and the greater the signal strength of the data packet currently received by the vehicle AP, the larger the signal strength. If the signal strength of the data packet currently received by the car AP is 100%, then A is 1.
  • a scheduling period is set to 400 ms, and the UE calculates the time f according to the time calculation unit 360 in one scheduling period. And f g allocates the time for accessing the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed, and accesses the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed in a scheduling period according to the allocated time.
  • the purpose of allocating time here is to allow the user to allocate more time to connect to the fixed AP to be accessed when the bus is closer to the fixed AP to be accessed, and increase the throughput rate; when the bus starts During operation, the user starts to move away from the fixed AP to be accessed, and the connection bandwidth is reduced. At this time, the connection time is reduced, and the interruption time of the connection (ie, f e * D) when the user disconnects from the AP can be guaranteed. ) will be smaller.
  • the time calculation unit 360 respectively calculates the formula 2, obtains the assignment to the in-vehicle AP, and assigns to each of the to-be-connected
  • the time ratio of the fixed AP is f c f gl , f c : f g2 .. ..
  • f c f gk , and then according to formula 3, it is calculated to be assigned to the car AP AP C and k in a scheduling period.
  • the UE accesses the in-vehicle AP and the fixed AP to be accessed according to the time calculated by the time calculating unit 360.
  • a fixed AP with better signal strength is selected by scanning a fixed AP near the vehicle, and the UE in the vehicle is triggered according to the allocation when the access condition is satisfied.
  • Time access to the car AP and the selected fixed AP with better signal strength Since the fixed AP can provide higher data transmission rate than the car AP, the communication bandwidth of the user in the car can be increased to support the large The amount of data in the business.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an in-vehicle communication system, including: an in-vehicle communication device 401 and an in-vehicle AP 402.
  • the in-vehicle communication device 401 is configured to: acquire a current location of the vehicle; and acquire, according to the current location of the vehicle, all the qualified fixed access points AP located outside the vehicle, where the qualified fixed AP is a fixed AP whose distance from the current location of the vehicle is less than its own maximum transmission distance; scanning all the eligible fixed APs in one scheduling period; selecting all the eligible conditions according to the result of the scanning At least one fixed AP whose signal strength is greater than a preset value in the fixed AP is used as the fixed AP to be accessed; when the preset access condition is full to the in-vehicle AP 402 and the fixed AP to be accessed.
  • the in-vehicle AP 402 acquires the qualified fixed AP according to the current location of the vehicle, which is the fixed AP of 414-416 in FIG. 4; the in-vehicle AP 402 supports the wireless access technology,
  • the WCDMA access technology is taken as an example for description.
  • the radio access technology is not limited to WCDMA, and other access methods, such as IEEE 802.11n, may also be used.
  • There are a plurality of mobile terminals in the vehicle (such as 411 and 412 in FIG. 4), and the vehicle ⁇ 402 maintains connection with the mobile terminals 411 and 412 using the WCDMA band 1, and uses the WCDMA band 2 for access to the city, and remains connected to the macro base station 403. .
  • the in-vehicle communication device 401 scans the fixed APs 414-416 in a scheduling period, and selects at least one fixed AP whose signal strength is greater than a preset value in the at least one fixed AP as the to-be-accessed according to the result of the scanning.
  • a fixed AP (assumed to be 416 in FIG. 4), and when the access condition is satisfied, triggering the mobile terminals 411 and 412 to respectively access the in-vehicle AP 402 and the said in the scheduling period according to the allocated time.
  • Fixed AP 416 to be accessed.
  • the in-vehicle communication device 401 may select one fixed AP with the largest RSSI as the fixed AP to be accessed; or the RSSI value of the fixed APs 414-416. Sort from large to small, and select an AP with an RSSI greater than a preset value as the fixed AP to be accessed. In one embodiment, the in-vehicle communication device 401 acts as an access condition that the current vehicle speed is lower than a preset speed value, and triggers the mobile terminals 411 and 412 to respectively access the scheduling period according to the allocated time. To the in-vehicle AP 402 and the fixed AP 416 to be accessed.
  • the device names of the selected fixed APs 416 to be accessed are broadcasted to the mobile terminals 411 and 412 in the vehicle. After the mobile terminals 411 and 412 receive the broadcast of the in-vehicle communication device 401, they are respectively connected in the scheduling period according to the allocated time.
  • the in-vehicle AP 402 and the fixed AP 416 to be accessed are provided, and the time of the allocation is described in detail in step 103 of the embodiment of the present invention, and details are not described herein again.
  • the in-vehicle communication device 401 triggers the mobile terminals 411 and 412 to be allocated according to the signal strength of the data packet received by the vehicle-mounted AP 402 being greater than a predetermined intensity value.
  • the time is respectively accessed to the in-vehicle AP 402 and the fixed AP 416 to be accessed in the scheduling period.
  • the selected fixed AP device name to be accessed is represented as AP.
  • the vehicle-mounted AP 402 measures the signal strength of the data packet every time a packet is received according to the result of the scanning, if the signal strength of the data packet is RSSI It is larger than the preset intensity value RSS.
  • the in-vehicle communication device 401 broadcasts the selected device name of the fixed AP 416 to be accessed to the mobile terminals 411 and 412 in the vehicle with a sub-time slice, and the mobile terminals 411 and 412 receive the vehicle.
  • the time is allocated to the in-vehicle AP 402 and the fixed AP 416 to be accessed in the scheduling period according to the allocated time, wherein the allocated time is in the step of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 103 has been described in detail and will not be described here.
  • a fixed AP with better signal strength is selected by scanning a fixed AP near the vehicle, and the UE in the vehicle is triggered according to the allocation when the access condition is satisfied.
  • Time access to the car AP and the selected fixed AP with good signal strength Since the fixed AP can provide a higher data transmission rate than the car AP, the car can be increased.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种车载通信方法,包括:获取车辆当前所在的位置(101);获取与车辆当前所在位置的距离小于最大传输距离的所有固定接入点(AP);在一个调度周期内,对所有固定AP进行扫描(103),根据扫描的结果,选取所有固定AP中信号强度大于一预先设定数值的至少一个固定AP作为待接入的固定AP(104);当接入条件满足时,触发车辆内的移动终端按照分配的时间在调度周期内分别接入到车辆内的车载AP和待接入的固定AP(105)。本发明还公开了一种车载通信装置和系统。本发明使得车内的移动终端在接入条件满足时,可以连接到当前位置附近的固定AP,从而增大通信带宽,支持大数据量的业务。

Description

车载通信方法、 装置及系统
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 尤其涉及一种车载通信方法、 装置及系统。
背景技术
随着无线技术以及手持设备的发展,越来越多的用户会在通信时使用各类 互联网业务; 城市中的公交车具有线路固定, 客流量大等特点, 而且现在有许 多城市推行了无线城市的方案, 在许多道路两侧, 例如电话亭, 布置了无线 WLAN ( Wireless Local Area Network , 无线局域网) 的接入点。
当前运营商已经在关注车载通信的情况, 在香港, PCCW ( Pacific Century Cyber Works Limited 电讯盈科有限公司 ) 已经在多条线路上部署了车载通信 系统, 在公交车内部署接入设备使用 WLAN技术进行车内的无线覆盖, 回程 链路使用蜂窝技术连接基站, 公交车上的用户使用 WLAN接入技术接到车载 通信接入设备, 进行 internet浏览等业务。 当前, 从速率上来看, 虽然 WLAN 可提供较高的接入速率, 例如 WLAN 的空口速率 802.11η 最高可达到 600Mbps, 但与 WLAN技术相比, 当前蜂窝网络( 3G ) 支持的速率仅为几 Mbps到十几 Mbps: 如联通 WCDMA的理论速率为 14.4Mbps。
因此,目前在车载通信环境中,用户的通信带宽受到回城链路带宽的限制, 当有较多用户通过用车载接入设备上网时, 因为蜂窝网络的带宽较窄,每个用 户能够得到的带宽 4艮少, 无法支持高速的数据业务, 如多媒体业务等。 发明内容
本发明实施例的目的是提供一种车载环境下基于无线多连接的车载通信 方法、 装置和系统, 增大公交车上的用户通过用车载接入设备上网时的带宽, 以支持大数据量的业务。
本发明实施例提供一种车载通信方法, 包括:
获取车辆当前所在的位置;
根据所述车辆当前所在的位置,获取位于所述车辆外的所有符合条件的固 定接入点 AP, 所述符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车辆当前所在的位置的距离 小于其自身最大传输距离的固定 AP;
在一个调度周期内, 对所述所有符合条件的固定 AP进行扫描; 根据扫描的结果, 选择所述所有符合条件的固定 AP中信号强度大于一预 先设定数值的至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP;
当预设的接入条件满足时,触发所述车辆内的移动终端按照分配的时间在 所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车辆内的车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
本发明实施例还提供了一种车载通信装置, 其中, 包括:
第一获取单元, 获取车辆当前所在的位置;
第二获取单元, 用于根据所述车辆当前所在的位置, 获取位于所述车辆外 的所有符合条件的固定接入点 AP, 所述符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车辆当 前所在的位置的距离小于其自身最大传输距离的固定 AP;
扫描单元, 用于在一个调度周期内, 对所述所有符合条件的固定 AP进行 扫描;
选择单元, 用于根据扫描单元扫描的结果,选择所述所有符合条件的固定
AP 中信号强度大于一预先设定数值的至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP;
触发单元, 用于当预设的接入条件满足时,触发所述车辆内的移动终端按 照分配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车辆内的车载 AP和所述待接 入的固定 AP。
本发明实施例还提供了一种车载通信系统, 包括: 车载通信装置和车载 AP, 所述车载通信装置和车载 AP安置在车辆内;
所述车载通信装置用于:
获取所述车辆当前所在的位置;
根据所述车辆当前所在的位置,获取位于所述车辆外的所有符合条件的固 定接入点 AP, 所述符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车辆当前所在的位置的距离 小于其自身最大传输距离的固定 AP;
在一个调度周期内, 对所述所有符合条件的固定 AP进行扫描; 根据扫描 的结果, 选择所述所有符合条件的固定 AP中信号强度大于一预先设定数值的 至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP; 当预设的接入条件满足时,触发所述车辆内的移动终端按照分配的时间在 所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
本发明实施例通过以上技术方案,在车辆运行过程中,通过对车辆附近的 固定 AP进行扫描, 选出信号强度较好的固定 AP, 并在接入条件满足时触发 车内的 UE按分配的时间接入到车载 AP和选出的信号强度较好的固定 AP, 由于固定 AP相比于车载 AP能提供更高的数据传输速率, 因此可以增大了车 内用户的通信带宽, 以支持大数据量的业务。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍,显而易见地, 下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付 出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为图 1所示为本发明实施例的一个应用场景示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例提供的一种车载通信方法的流程图;
图 3为本发明实施例提供的一种车载通信装置示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例提供的一种车载通信系统结构图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
为使本领域一般技术人员更好的了解本发明实施例提供的技术方案,对本 发明实施例的应用场景做一个筒单的介绍:
图 1所示为本发明实施例的一个典型应用场景, 根据图 1 , 多个用户位于 移动的公交车内, 公交车上搭载有车载 AP ( Access point, 接入点), 该车载 AP支持 WLAN接入技术和蜂窝网络接入技术。 为了便于描述,在本发明实施 例中, WLAN接入技术以 IEEE 802.11η 技术为例, 蜂窝网络接入技术以 WCDMA接入技术为例进行描述。用户的手持设备支持 IEEE 802.11η,可以接 入车载 ΑΡ, 车载 ΑΡ使用 WCDMA接入技术与 WCDMA宏基站通信。 用户 的手持设备支持多连接, 可以同时与多个 WLAN接入设备相连。 公交车上的 GPS可以测量公交车的位置和公交车的运行速度,并且车载 AP可以使用这两 个信息。 同时, 公交车的行车线路是固定的, 公交车线路附近设置有很多固定 AP,这些固定 AP可以是具有 WLAN接入功能的 WiFi电话亭,也可以是其他 支持蜂窝接入功能的接入设备,公交车用户可以基于终端的接入设备,接入公 交车线路附近的固定 AP。
另外, 本发明实施例的参数定义如下:
D为调度周期, 即用户在每个单位时间片 D内, 可以调度分配与不同 AP 的连接时间, 以及进行信道扫描的时间, 在本发明实施例中, 设置 D=400ms。 将一个调度周期 D划分为 20个子时间片, 每个子时间片 d的长度为 20ms。
如图 2所示, 本发明实施例提供一种基于无线多连接的车载通信方法, 该 方法应用在图 1所示的场景中, 该方法包括:
步骤 101 , 获取车辆当前所在的位置;
需要说明的是, 车辆当前所在的位置, 可以通过设置在车辆上的 GPS ( Global Positioning System, 全球定位系统)来获取。
步骤 102, 根据所述车辆当前所在的位置, 获取位于所述车辆外的所有符 合条件的固定接入点 AP, 所述符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车辆当前所在的 位置的距离小于其自身最大传输距离的固定 AP;
具体地,在一个实施例中, 可以通过查询的方式获取所有符合条件的固定 AP: 基于对公交线路附近的 AP的统计, 预先建立固定 AP数据库, 该数据库 记录了公交线路上每个位置区间及与该位置区间的距离小于固定 AP的最大传 输距离的所有固定 AP (能覆盖到当前位置区间的所有固定 AP ) 的对应关系, 其中, 位置区间是将整条公交线路划分成的若干区域后得到的; 然后车载 AP 根据从公交车上的 GPS获取的当前位置信息, 将当前位置对应到公交线路上 的位置区间, 最后通过查询预先建立的固定 AP数据库, 获取所有符合条件的 固定 AP。 需要说明的是, 固定 AP的最大传输距离一般为 50m、 100m, 150m, 200m或 300m不等,具体需要根据 AP的发射功率以及周围的环境来确定,可 以理解的是, 在没有障碍物阻挡的空旷环境下, AP的最大传输距离要比在室 内或者有障碍物阻挡的环境下远, 另外, 在同样的环境中, AP的发射功率越 大, 其最大传输距离也越远。
在另一个实施例中, 符合条件的固定 AP, 也可以是将之前车载 AP在该 位置区间扫描到的符合条件的固定 AP的历史记录汇总得到。
在另一个实施例中, 符合条件的固定 AP, 可以通过车载 AP的信号检测 装置实时检测得到, 具体地, 车载 AP的信号检测装置向周围广播探测请求消 息, 根据接收到的响应信号, 即可获知哪些固定 AP与车辆当前所在位置的距 离小于其自身最大传输距离, 进而得到所有符合条件的固定 AP。
步骤 103,在一个调度周期内,对所述所有符合条件的固定 AP进行扫描; 具体地, 以调度周期为单位, 对符合条件的固定 AP的扫描的过程如下: 车载 AP依次向获取所有符合条件的固定 AP发送探测请求消息, 并记录收到 的每个 AP的响应信号强度, 即 RSSI ( Received Signal Strength Indication, 接 收信号强度指示)值(单位 dbm), 若没有接收到某个 AP的响应信号, 则该 AP的 RSSI记为零。
步骤 104, 根据扫描的结果, 选择所述所有符合条件的固定 AP中信号强 度大于一预先设定数值的至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP;
在一个实施例中, 在对符合条件的的所有固定 AP执行完一次扫描后, 选 择 RSSI最大的一个 AP作为待接入的固定 AP; 在另一个实施例中, 在对符合 条件的的所有固定 AP执行完一次扫描后, 可以对符合条件的所有固定 AP的 RSSI值从大到小排序, 并选取 RSSI大于一预先设定数值的 k ( k为正整数 ) 个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP。
进一步地, 为了提高扫描及选择的准确性, 在另一个实施例中, 可以在一 个调度周期内, 用多个子时间片对符合条件的所有固定 AP执行多次扫描, 例 如 3次, 并记录每次扫描过程中每个固定 AP的 RSSI, 三次扫描结束后, 将 平均 RSSI值(三次平均)最大的固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP。 在另一个实 施例中, 也可以选择平均 RSSI值最大的 k ( k为正整数)个固定 AP作为待接 入的固定 AP。
步骤 105, 当预设的接入条件满足时, 触发所述车辆内的移动终端按照分 配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
需要说明的是, 移动终端可以是用户设备 ( User Equipment, 以下筒称为 UE )、 移动中继等; UE可以是手机、 个人电脑等, 本发明实施例以 UE为例 进行说明, 但并不用以限定移动终端的保护范围。
在一个实施例中, 车载 AP根据当前的车速来触发所述车辆内的移动终端 按分配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。 具体地, 假设之前根据扫描的结果, 选择的接入 AP表示为 APtest , 车载 AP通 过检测并获取车载 GPS提供的当前车速的测量信息, 如果当前的车速小于预 先设定的速度值 VL (比如 VL=2m/s ) , 车载 AP用一个子时间片向车内的 UE 广播步骤 102选取的待接入的固定 AP的设备名称 APbMt (如果步骤 102选取的 待接入的固定 AP有多个, 则向车内的 UE广播选取的多个待接入的固定 AP 的设备名称列表 APbeSt ) , 公交车上的 UE收到车载 AP广播的 APtest后, 按分配 的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到车载 AP和待接入的固定 AP。
需要说明的是,在一个调度周期内,按照分配的时间分别接入不同的 AP, 实质上是 WLAN多连接技术的一种具体应用。 为了使本领域技术人员更好地 理解本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面对 WLAN多连接技术做一个筒单介绍。 2004年, 敖软发表的论文 "Multinet: connecting to multiple ieee 802.11 networks using a single wireless card,in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, 2004" , 首次提出 利用多个虚拟无线网卡并行连接多个 AP的概念并做了实际的原型 multinet。 multinet机制的原理是: 通过在 IP层和 MAC层之间增加一个中间件, 在中间 件上实现在一个网卡上虚拟出多个虚拟网卡。对上层到应用层而言,设备只有 一个 IP地址, 对下层而言, 每个虚拟网卡具有独立的 IP地址, 从而实现多连 接的目的。
在 匕基石出上, 文献 "Fatvap: Aggregating ap backhaul bandwidth," 提出了 针对 WLAN多连接情况下, 终端在每个 AP上驻留传输数据时间的优化。 优 化方案基于动态规划方法, 每个用户可以优化配置其接入每个 AP的时间, 使 得在每个 AP上接入的时间比例不多于
Figure imgf000009_0001
该 AP的无线带宽, 优化配置的目标是最大化用户的吞吐率。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例所述分配的时间是指分配给车载 AP的时间 和分配给待接入的固定 AP的时间, 在一个实施例中, 所述分配的时间可以为 预先设定的时间, 比如在一个调度周期 D ( 400ms ) 内, 可以预先设定分配给 车载 AP的时间为 100ms , 分配给待接入的固定 AP的时间为 300ms。
在另一个实施例中,所述分配的时间可以是根据预先设置的调度策略计算 得出。 具体地, 当待接入的固定 AP为一个的时候, 当设车载 AP为 ΑΡε , APbest 中的 AP为 APg , 则 UE连接 APC和 APg的时间计算方法如下:
在一个调度周期内, 设分配给车载 AP APC的时间为 fc,分配给待接入的固 定 AP APg的时间为 fg , 用户连接 AP。和 APg的调度公式:
Figure imgf000009_0002
(公式 1 )
(RSSg _ RSS0)" x (公式 2 ) 其中 £为 UE在不同 AP切换的切换时间, 一般 UE的切换时间约为 4ms。 RSSG为 APG的 RSSI, 需要说明的是, 在一个实施例中, 待接入的固定 AP APG
RSSI可以是在步骤 102的扫描过程中记录的 RSSI; 在另一个实施例中, 为了 更准确地获取待接入的固定 AP APg当前的 RSSI, 以制定更精确的调度方案, 公交车上的 UE在收到车载 AP广播的 AP ^后, 可以用一个子时间片进行主动 扫描 APTEST中的 AP, 以获取 APBEST中的 AP当前的 RSSI, 并用该 RSSI来计算分 配给车载 AP APC和待接入的固定 AP APG的时间。
RSS。为一门限值, 建议取值 -95dbm, 如果 RSSG在 RSS。值以下, 表征待接 入的固定 AP的信号很弱, 不足以保持高速连接。 《为系统参数, 控制是否多 给固定 AP连接时间, 建议取值在 0.5到 2之间。 A为一个权重值, 取值在 0 到 1之间, 且该权重值的大小可以根据车速或者车载 AP接收到的数据包的信 号强度来动态调整, 例如在一个实施例中, 权重 Α = , 其中, V为公交车
Figure imgf000010_0001
当前的运行速度, 为一个设定的速度阈值, 典型值为 2m/s , 这样, A的取值 可以根据车速来确定, 车速越慢, 权重 A就越大, 当车速为零, 即车辆停下来 时, 权重为最大值 1 ; 当车速 与\ ^相等时, 权重 A的理论值为 0, 但此权重 没有实际意义,因此,在这种特殊情形下,可以指定 为一个特定值,比如 0.01。 可以理解的是, 在另一个实施例中, 还可以根据车载 AP当前接收到的数据 包的信号强度来确定,车载 AP当前接收到的数据包的信号强度越大, A越大, 若车载 AP当前接收到的数据包的信号强度为 100% , 则 A为 1。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例设定一个调度周期为 400ms , 在一个调度周 期内, UE根据计算出的时间 fc、 fg配置其接入车载 AP和待接入的固定 AP 的时间, 并按照配置的时间, 在一个调度周期内分别接入到车载 AP和待接入 的固定 AP。
这里分配时间的目的是当公交车在离待接入的固定 AP较近时, 且车速较 低时, 让用户分配较多的时间连接待接入的固定 AP, 增加吞吐率; 当公交车 开始运行时, 用户开始远离待接入的固定 AP, 与其的连接带宽下降, 这时减 少与其的连接时间, 可以保证当用户断开与此 AP的连接时, 连接的中断时间 (即 4 *D)也会较小。
在另一个实施例中, 当待接入的固定 AP有多个, 即 APtest中包含 k (k为 正整数,且 k>l )个 AP时 ,设 APbest中包含的 k个 AP依次为 APe、 APe ...... APe , 在一个调度周期内, 设分配给车载 AP APC的时间为 fc,分配给各个待接入的固 定 AP的时间为 fgl, fg2....fgk, 对 AP ^中的每一个待接入的固定 AP, 分别计 算公式 2, 获得分配给车载 AP和分配给所述每一个待接入的固定 AP的时间 比值 f。: fgl、 fc : fg2....fc : fgk , 最后根据公式(3), 将各个比值代入: fc +∑ fgi =l-%-^ (公式 3)
i=l
计算出分配给车载 AP APC和 k个待接入的固定 AP APe、 APe ...... APe的时 间 fgl, ff fg"
需要说明的是,为了便于本领域技术人员充分地理解本发明实施例提供的 技术方案, 本发明实施例仅以车速作为触发条件为例, 详细描述了车载 AP根 据车速来触发车内 UE同时连接到车载 AP和待接入的固定 AP的方法, 但以 车速作为触发条件并不构成对本发明提供的技术方案的限制。 可以理解的是, 在另一个实施例中, 可以以车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号强度来作为触发条 件, 触发车辆内的 UE按时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到车载 AP和所述待 接入的固定 AP。 具体地, 假设之前根据扫描的结果, 选取的待接入的固定 AP 设备名称表示为 AP 车载 AP每收到一个数据包, 都测量该数据包的信号强 度, 如果该数据包的信号强度 RSSI 大于预先设定的强度值 RSS。 (比如 RS =-95dbm), 则车载 AP用一个子时间片向车内的 UE广播步骤 102选取的 待接入的固定 AP的设备名称 APtest, 公交车上的 UE收到车载 AP广播的 APtest 后,使用多连接的方式,按照分配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车 载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。 其中 UE连接车载 AP和待接入的固定 AP的 时间在之前已经作了详细说明, 此处不再赞述。
本发明实施例通过以上技术方案,在车辆运行过程中,通过对车辆附近的 固定 AP进行扫描, 选出信号强度较好的固定 AP, 并在接入条件满足时触发 车内的 UE按分配的时间接入到车载 AP和选出的信号强度较好的固定 AP, 由于固定 AP相比于车载 AP能提供更高的数据传输速率, 因此可以增大了车 内用户的通信带宽, 以支持大数据量的业务。
实施例, 如图 3所示, 本发明实施例提供一种车载通信装置, 包括: 第一获取单元 310, 用于获取车辆当前所在的位置;
第二获取单元 320, 用于根据所述车辆当前所在的位置, 获取位于所述车 辆外的所有符合条件的固定接入点 AP, 所述符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车 辆当前所在的位置的距离小于其自身最大传输距离的固定 AP;
在一个实施例中,第二获取单元 320通过查询的方式获取所有符合条件的 固定 AP。 具体地,基于对公交线路附近的 AP的统计, 预先建立固定 AP数据 库,该数据库记录了公交线路上每个位置区间及与该位置区间的距离小于固定 AP的最大传输距离的所有固定 AP (能覆盖到当前位置区间的所有固定 AP ) 的对应关系, 其中, 位置区间是将整条公交线路划分成的若干区域后得到的; 然后第二获取单元 320根据从公交车上的 GPS获取的当前位置信息, 将当前 位置对应到公交线路上的位置区间,然后第二获取单元 320通过查询预先建立 的固定 AP数据库, 获取所有符合条件的固定 AP。 需要说明的是, 固定 AP 的最大传输距离一般为 50m、 100m, 150m, 200m或 300m不等, 具体需要根 据 AP的发射功率以及周围的环境来确定, 可以理解的是, 在没有障碍物阻挡 的空旷环境下, AP的最大传输距离要比在室内或者有障碍物阻挡的环境下远, 另外, 在同样的环境中, AP的发射功率越大, 其最大传输距离也越远。
在另一个实施例中,第二获取单元 320也可以将之前在该位置区间获取的 符合条件的固定 AP的历史记录, 合并作为符合条件的所有固定 AP。 在另一个实施例中,第二获取单元 320也可以通过实时检测的方式得到符 合条件的固定 AP, 具体地, 信号检测装置向周围广播探测请求消息, 根据接 收到的响应信号强度, 即可获知哪些固定 AP与车辆当前所在位置的距离小于 其自身最大传输距离, 即信号覆盖范围包含车辆当前位置, 进而得到所有符合 条件的固定 AP。
扫描单元 330, 用于在一个调度周期内, 对所述所有符合条件的固定 AP 进行扫描;
具体地,扫描单元 330扫描的过程如下: 扫描单元 330依次向对获取单元 330获取的所有符合条件的固定 AP发送探测请求消息, 并记录收到的每个固 定 AP的 RSSI, 若没有接收到某个 AP的响应信号, 则该 AP的 RSSI记为零。
选择单元 340, 用于根据扫描单元扫描的结果, 选择所述所有符合条件的 固定 AP中信号强度大于一预先设定数值的至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固 定 AP;
在一个实施例中, 在扫描单元 330对所有符合条件的固定 AP执行完一次 扫描后, 选择单元 340选取 RSSI最大的一个 AP作为待接入的固定 AP; 在另 一个实施例中,在扫描单元 330对所有符合条件的固定 AP执行完一次扫描后, 选择单元 340可以对符合条件的所有固定 AP的 RSSI值从大到小排序, 并选 取 RSSI大于一预先设定数值的 k ( k为正整数)个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP。
进一步地, 在另一个实施例中, 扫描单元 330在一个调度周期内, 可以用 多个子时间片对所有符合条件的固定 AP执行多次扫描, 例如 3次, 并记录每 次扫描过程中每个 AP的 RSSI, 三次扫描结束后, 选择单元 340将平均 RSSI 值(三次平均)最大的 AP作为待接入的固定 AP。 可以理解的是, 在另一个 实施例中, 扫描单元 330也可以选取平均 RSSI值最大的 k ( k>l )个 AP作为 待接入的固定 AP。
触发单元 350, 用于当预设的接入条件满足时, 触发所述车辆内的移动终 端按照分配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车辆内的车载 AP和所述 待接入的固定 AP。
在一个实施例中, 接入条件为: 车速低于一预先设定数值。 具体地, 假设 选择单元 340选取的接入 AP的设备名称表示为 APbest ,触发单元 350通过检测
GPS提供的当前车速的测量信息, 如果当前的车速小于预先设定的速度值 VL (比如 VL=2m/s ) , 触发单元 350就用一个子时间片向车内的 UE广播选择单 元 340选择的待接入的固定 AP的设备名称 APbest (如果选择单元 340选取的待 接入的固定 AP有多个, 则向车内的 UE广播选取的多个待接入的固定 AP的 设备名称列表 APbMt ), 公交车上的 UE收到触发单元 350广播的 AP ^后, 按分 配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
在另一个实施例中, 触发单元 350可以以车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号 强度大于某一设定的强度值来作为接入条件,触发车辆内的 UE按时间在所述 调度周期内分别接入到车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。 具体地, 假设之前 根据扫描的结果, 选取的待接入的固定 AP设备名称表示为 APtest , 车载 AP每 收到一个数据包,都测量该数据包的信号强度,如果该数据包的信号强度 RSSI 大于预先设定的阈值 RSS。 (比如 RSS。=-95dbm ) , 则触发单元 350用一个子时 间片向车内的 UE广播选择单元 340选择的待接入的固定 AP的设备名称 APb∞t , 公交车上的 UE收到触发单元 350广播的 AP ^后,按分配的时间在所述调度周 期内分别接入到车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
进一步地,本发明实施例提供的车载通信装置还包括:时间计算单元 360, 用于根据预先设置的调度策略计算出分配给车载 AP的时间和分配给待接入的 固定 AP的时间。
具体地, 当待接入的固定 AP为一个的时候, 当设车载 AP为 ΑΡε , ^^中 的 AP为 APg ,则时间计算单元 360计算 UE连接 ΑΡε和 APg的时间的方法如下: 在一个调度周期内, 设分配给车载 AP APC的时间为 fc,分配给待接入的固 定 ΑΡ ΑΡ^ 时间为 fg , 用户连接 AP。和 AP 调度公式:
fc + fg = l-¾ -^ (公式 3 ) i = (RSSg - RSS0)" x2 (公式 4 ) 其中 £为 UE在不同 AP切换的切换时间, 一般 UE的切换时间约为 4ms。 RSSg为 APg的 RSSI, 需要说明的是, 在一个实施例中, 待接入的固定 AP APg
RSSI可以是扫描单元 330在扫描过程中记录的 RSSI; 在另一个实施例中, 为 了更准确地获取待接入的固定 AP APg当前的 RSSI,以制定更精确的调度方案, 公交车上的 UE在收到车载 AP广播的 APbest后, 可以用一个子时间片进行主动 扫描 APtest中的 AP, 以获取 APbest中的 AP当前的 RSSI, 并用该 RSSI来计算分 配给车载 AP APC和待接入的固定 AP APg的时间。
RSS。为一门限值, 建议取值 -95dbm, 如果 RSSg在 RSS。值以下, 表征待接 入的固定 AP的信号很弱, 不足以保持高速连接。 《为系统参数, 控制是否多 给固定 AP连接时间, 建议取值在 0.5到 2之间。 A为一个权重值, 取值在 0 到 1之间, 且该权重值的大小可以根据车速或者车载 AP接收到的数据包的信 号强度来动态调整, 例如在一个实施例中, 权重 = , 其中, V为公交车
Figure imgf000015_0001
当前的运行速度, 为一个设定的速度阈值, 典型值为 2m/s , 这样, A的取值 可以根据车速来确定, 车速越慢, 权重 A就越大, 当车速为零, 即车辆停下来 时, 权重为最大值 1; 当车速 V与^相等时, 权重 A的理论值为 0, 但此权重 没有实际意义,因此,在这种特殊情形下,可以指定 A为一个特定值,比如 0.01。 可以理解的是, 在另一个实施例中, A还可以根据车载 AP当前接收到的数据 包的信号强度来确定,车载 AP当前接收到的数据包的信号强度越大, 越大, 若车载 AP当前接收到的数据包的信号强度为 100%, 则 A为 1。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例设定一个调度周期为 400ms, 在一个调度周 期内, UE根据时间计算单元 360计算出的时间 f。、 fg分配其接入车载 AP和 待接入的固定 AP的时间, 并按照分配的时间, 在一个调度周期内分别接入到 车载 AP和待接入的固定 AP。
这里分配时间的目的是当公交车在离待接入的固定 AP较近时, 且车速较 低时, 让用户分配较多的时间连接待接入的固定 AP, 增加吞吐率; 当公交车 开始运行时, 用户开始远离待接入的固定 AP, 与其的连接带宽下降, 这时减 少与其的连接时间, 可以保证当用户断开与此 AP的连接时, 连接的中断时间 (即 fe * D )也会较小。
在另一个实施例中, 当待接入的固定 AP有多个, 即 APtest中包含 k ( k为 正整数,且 K>1 )个 AP时 ,设 APbest中包含的 k个 AP依次为 ΑΡ&、 ΑΡ .. .... ΑΡ& , 对 APb6St中的每一个待接入的固定 AP, 时间计算单元 360分别计算公式 2, 获 得分配给车载 AP和分配给所述每一个待接入的固定 AP的时间比值 fc fgl、 fc : fg2 .. .. fc : fgk ,然后根据公式 3 ,计算出在一个调度周期内,分配给车载 AP APC 和 k个待接入的固定 AP ΑΡ&、 ΑΡ¾ · . .… APa的时间 fc、 fgl、 fg2 .. . fgk。 在一个 调度周期内, UE根据时间计算单元 360计算出的时间分别接入到车载 AP和 待接入的固定 AP。
本发明实施例通过以上技术方案,在车辆运行过程中,通过对车辆附近的 固定 AP进行扫描, 选出信号强度较好的固定 AP, 并在接入条件满足时触发 车内的 UE按分配的时间接入到车载 AP和选出的信号强度较好的固定 AP, 由于固定 AP相比于车载 AP能提供更高的数据传输速率, 因此可以增大了车 内用户的通信带宽, 以支持大数据量的业务。
实施例, 如图 4所示, 本发明实施例提供一种车载通信系统, 包括: 车载 通信装置 401和车载 AP 402。 车载通信装置 401用于, 获取所述车辆当前所在的位置; 根据所述车辆当 前所在的位置, 获取位于所述车辆外的所有符合条件的固定接入点 AP, 所述 符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车辆当前所在的位置的距离小于其自身最大传输 距离的固定 AP; 在一个调度周期内, 对所述所有符合条件的固定 AP进行扫 描; 根据扫描的结果, 选择所述所有符合条件的固定 AP中信号强度大于一预 先设定数值的至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP; 当预设的接入条件满 到车载 AP 402和所述待接入的固定 AP。
以下结合具体的场景对本发明实施例的方案做进一步说明。
具体地, 如图 4所示, 假设车载 AP 402根据车辆当前所在的位置, 获取 的符合条件的固定 AP为图 4中的固定 AP的 414-416; 车载 AP 402支持无线 接入技术, 在本发明实施例中, 以 WCDMA接入技术为例进行描述, 本领域 技术人员应当理解的是, 无线接入技术并不限于 WCDMA, 还可以采用其它 的接入方式,如 IEEE 802.11η。车辆内有多个移动终端(如图 4中的 411和 412 ), 车载 ΑΡ 402使用 WCDMA频段 1与移动终端 411和 412保持连接, 使用 WCDMA频段 2进行回城接入, 与宏基站 403保持连接。
车载通信装置 401在一个调度周期内, 对固定 AP 414-416进行扫描, 根 据扫描的结果, 选取所述至少一个固定 AP中信号强度大于一预先设定数值的 至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP (假设为图 4中的 416 ), 并在接入条 件满足时,触发所述移动终端 411和 412按照分配的时间在所述调度周期内分 别接入到所述车载 AP 402和所述待接入的固定 AP 416。
在一个实施例中, 车载通信装置 401在对固定 AP 414-416执行完一次扫 描后, 可以选取 RSSI最大的一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP; 也可以对固 定 AP 414-416的 RSSI值从大到小排序, 并选取 RSSI大于一预先设定数值的 AP作为待接入的固定 AP。 在一个实施例中,车载通信装置 401以当前的车速低于低于一预先设定的 速度值来作为接入条件,触发移动终端 411和 412按分配的时间在所述调度周 期内分别接入到所述车载 AP 402和所述待接入的固定 AP 416。 具体地, 假设 车载通信装置 401通过检测 GPS提供的当前车速的测量信息, 如果当前的车 速小于预先设定的速度值 VL (比如 VL=2m/s ) , 车载通信装置 401就用一个 子时间片向车内的移动终端 411和 412广播选取的待接入的固定 AP 416的设 备名称, 移动终端 411和 412收到车载通信装置 401的广播后,按分配的时间 在所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车载 AP 402和所述待接入的固定 AP 416, 其中所述分配的时间在本发明实施例的步骤 103已经作了详细说明,此处不再 赘述。
在另一个实施例中, 车载通信装置 401以车载 AP 402接收到的数据包的 信号强度大于某一预先设定的强度值来作为接入条件,触发所述所述移动终端 411和 412按分配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车载 AP 402和所 述待接入的固定 AP 416。 具体地, 假设之前根据扫描的结果, 选取的待接入 的固定 AP设备名称表示为 AP 车载 AP 402每收到一个数据包, 都测量该 数据包的信号强度, 如果该数据包的信号强度 RSSI 大于预先设定的强度值 RSS。 (比如 RSS。=-95dbm ) , 车载通信装置 401就用一个子时间片向车内的移 动终端 411和 412广播选取的待接入的固定 AP 416的设备名称,移动终端 411 和 412收到车载通信装置 401的广播后,按分配的时间在所述调度周期内分别 接入到所述车载 AP 402和所述待接入的固定 AP 416, 其中所述分配的时间在 本发明实施例的步骤 103已经作了详细说明, 此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例通过以上技术方案,在车辆运行过程中,通过对车辆附近的 固定 AP进行扫描, 选出信号强度较好的固定 AP, 并在接入条件满足时触发 车内的 UE按分配的时间接入到车载 AP和选出的信号强度较好的固定 AP, 由于固定 AP相比于车载 AP能提供更高的数据传输速率, 因此可以增大了车 内用户的通信带宽, 以支持大数据量的业务。 最后应说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案, 而非对其限 制; 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员 应当理解: 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 或者对其 中部分技术特征进行等同替换; 而这些修改或者替换, 并不使相应技术方案的 本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims

1、 一种车载通信方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取车辆当前所在的位置;
根据所述车辆当前所在的位置,获取位于所述车辆外的所有符合条件的固 定接入点 AP, 所述符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车辆当前所在的位置的距离 小于其自身最大传输距离的固定权 AP;
在一个调度周期内, 对所述所有利 _符合条件的固定 AP进行扫描;
1
根据扫描的结果, 选择所述所有符合 8要条件的固定 AP中信号强度大于一预 先设定数值的至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的求固定 AP;
当预设的接入条件满足时,触发所述车辆内的移动终端按照分配的时间在 所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车辆内的车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 获取所述车辆当前所在的位 置后, 所述方法还包括: 获得所述车辆的车速; 所述接入条件为: 所述车辆的 车速低于预先设定的速度值。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法还包括: 获得所述 车辆内的车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号强度; 所述接入条件为: 所述车辆内 的车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号强度大于预先设定的强度值。
4、 如权利要求 1-3任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述车辆内的移 动终端按照分配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到车载 AP和所述待接入的 固定 AP之前, 还包括: 根据预先设置的调度策略计算出分配给所述车辆内的 车载 AP的时间和分配给所述待接入的固定 AP的时间。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述待接入的固定 AP为一 个, 所述根据预先设置的调度策略计算出分配给所述车载 AP的时间和分配给 所述待接入的固定 AP的时间, 具体包括: 按照公式 f。 + fg = 1 - 2% - s和公式 = (RSSg - RSSo^ x , 计算出分配给所 述车载 AP的时间和分配给所述待接入的固定 AP的时间;
其中, D为调度周期, d为将 D划分为若干个子时间片后每个子时间片的 长度, 1为分配给车载 AP的时间, fg为分配给待接入的固定 AP的时间, £为 终端在不同 AP之间切换的切换时间, RSSg为待接入固定 AP的接收信号强度
RSSI, RSS。为一设定的信号强度门限值, 《为系统参数,取值在 0.5到 2之间,
A为权重, 取值在 0到 1之间, 且所述权重的大小可以根据车速或者车载 AP 接收到的数据包的信号强度来动态调整。
6、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述待接入的固定 AP为多 个, 所述根据预先设置的调度策略计算出分配给所述车载 AP的时间和分配给 所述待接入的固定 AP的时间, 具体包括:
对于所述多个待接入的固定 AP中个每一个待接入的固定 AP, 分别按照 公式 = (Rssg - RSS0)" x , 计算出分配给车载 AP的时间和分配给所述每一个 待接入的固定 AP的时间的时间比值; 基于所述时间比值, 根据公式 fc + fgi = l- 2% - s计算得出分配给车载
i=l
AP和分配给所述每个待接入的固定 AP的时间;
其中, D为调度周期, d为将 D划分为若干个子时间片后每个子时间片的 长度, k为所述多个待接入的固定 AP的数量, 1为分配给所述车载 AP的时 间, fgl为分配给所述多个待接入的固定 AP中的第 i个固定接入 AP的时间, ε 为终端在不同 ΑΡ之间切换的切换时间, RSSg为待接入固定 ΑΡ的接收信号强 度 RSSI, RSS。为一设定的信号强度门限值, 《为系统参数, 取值在 0.5到 2之 间, A为权重, 取值在 0到 1之间, 且所述权重的大小可以根据所述车辆的车 速或者所述车载车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号强度来动态调整。
7、 如权利要求 1-6任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述最大传输距离 为 50m、 100m或 200m。
8、 一种车载通信装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
第一获取单元, 获取车辆当前所在的位置;
第二获取单元, 用于根据所述车辆当前所在的位置, 获取位于所述车辆外 的所有符合条件的固定接入点 AP, 所述符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车辆当 前所在的位置的距离小于其自身最大传输距离的固定 AP;
扫描单元, 用于在一个调度周期内, 对所述所有符合条件的固定 AP进行 扫描;
选择单元, 用于根据扫描单元扫描的结果,选择所述所有符合条件的固定
AP 中信号强度大于一预先设定数值的至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP;
触发单元, 用于当预设的接入条件满足时, 触发所述车辆内的移动终端按 照分配的时间在所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车辆内的车载 AP和所述待接 入的固定 AP。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第一获取模块还用于, 获取所述车辆的车速; 所述触发单元具体用于: 当所述车辆的车速低于预先设 分别接入到所述车辆内的车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
10、 如权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第一获取模块还用于, 获取所述车辆内的车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号强度; 所述触发单元具体用 于: 当所述车辆内的车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号强度大于预先设定的强度 到所述车辆内的车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
11、 如权利要求 8-10任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置还包括: 时间计算单元, 用于根据预先设置的调度策略计算出分配给所述车载 AP 的时间和分配给所述待接入的固定 AP的时间。
12、 一种车载通信系统, 其特征在于, 包括: 车载通信装置和车载接入点 AP, 所述车载通信装置和车载 AP安置在车辆内;
所述车载通信装置用于:
获取所述车辆当前所在的位置;
根据所述车辆当前所在的位置,获取位于所述车辆外的所有符合条件的固 定 AP, 所述符合条件的固定 AP为与所述车辆当前所在的位置的距离小于其 自身最大传输距离的固定 AP;
在一个调度周期内, 对所述所有符合条件的固定 AP进行扫描; 根据扫描 的结果, 选择所述所有符合条件的固定 AP中信号强度大于一预先设定数值的 至少一个固定 AP作为待接入的固定 AP;
当预设的接入条件满足时,触发所述车辆内的移动终端按照分配的时间在 所述调度周期内分别接入到所述车载 AP和所述待接入的固定 AP。
13、 如权利要求 12所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述车载通信装置还用于: 获取所述车辆的车速; 所述接入条件为: 所述车辆的车速低于预先设定的速度 值。
14、 如权利要求 12所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述车载通信装置还用于: 获取所述车辆内的车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号强度; 所述接入条件为: 所 述车载 AP接收到的数据包的信号强度大于预先设定的强度值。
15、 如权利要求 12-14任一项所述的系统, 其特征在于, 在触发所述车辆
述待接入的固定 AP之前, 所述车载通信装置还用于, 根据预先设置的调度策 略计算出分配给所述车辆内的车载 AP的时间和分配给所述待接入的固定 AP 的时间。
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