WO2013091287A1 - 乘车分段收费的方法和系统 - Google Patents

乘车分段收费的方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013091287A1
WO2013091287A1 PCT/CN2012/070154 CN2012070154W WO2013091287A1 WO 2013091287 A1 WO2013091287 A1 WO 2013091287A1 CN 2012070154 W CN2012070154 W CN 2012070154W WO 2013091287 A1 WO2013091287 A1 WO 2013091287A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
bluetooth
bluetooth module
card
car
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/070154
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯林
Original Assignee
Feng Lin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Feng Lin filed Critical Feng Lin
Publication of WO2013091287A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013091287A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and relates to a method and system for automatically debiting a vehicle, and more particularly to a method and system for charging segmentation based on Bluetooth and RFID. ⁇ Background technique ⁇
  • Public transport is the name of public transport.
  • Public transport refers to all means of transport that provide transportation services, including city buses, urban rail transit, and inter-city car and rail transit. Vehicles are an indispensable part of a modern city with its advantages of speed, convenience and economy.
  • people who take public transportation are required to charge, and because each person travels at a different distance and enjoy different services, it is necessary to charge different fees for those who enjoy different mileage services.
  • due to the very large passenger traffic involved in public transportation every day this poses a great problem for the current urban transportation charges.
  • the automatic deduction system and method of the present invention can be applied not only to the bus but also to other public transportation vehicles.
  • Shenzhen is still the manual card charging. It is not the cash, but the bus card fee.
  • This kind of charging method is essentially indistinguishable from the way of manual ticketing, and it also has more than 4 defects in manual ticket sales.
  • Beijing's charging method is to get on the bus and get rid of the card.
  • the station can be used.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and propose a Bluetooth-based and
  • the RFID according to the present invention refers to passive RFID, and the sensing manner thereof can be various, and the working frequency can also be various, but it is preferable not to be close to the operating frequency of the Bluetooth.
  • the vehicles include intercity bus lines, subways, and long-distance buses.
  • the car card includes a bus card, an intercity train card, and the like.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
  • the invention provides a method for charging a section of a vehicle, characterized in that: the method comprises: acquiring, by an in-vehicle GPS positioning device, a geographical location coordinate of the vehicle at any time;
  • the RFID reader reads the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the vehicle card stored in the RFID tag; and acquires the geographical coordinates of the vehicle when the RFID reader reads the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the card;
  • An in-vehicle Bluetooth device located on the vehicle and signaling the entire car to send a heartbeat request to the car card Bluetooth module;
  • the in-vehicle wireless remote communication device transmits the Bluetooth identification code of the car card Bluetooth module and the distance traveled by the vehicle to the remote server;
  • the cost incurred by the user to ride is calculated and debited from the account corresponding to the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the card.
  • the in-vehicle Bluetooth device on each vehicle has a unique device address, and the method further includes:
  • the ride fee is calculated based on the Bluetooth identification code, the distance traveled by the vehicle, and the device address. After the vehicle RFID reader verifies that the RFID tag is legal, the Bluetooth module that controls the user's handheld card is activated;
  • the Bluetooth module of the car card does not receive the heartbeat request sent by the car Bluetooth device, the Bluetooth module of the control card is turned off.
  • the vehicle RFID reader verifies the legality of the RFID tag and gives the corresponding audio and video signals.
  • the method further includes:
  • the remote server sends the account letter corresponding to the Bluetooth module to the in-vehicle wireless remote communication device Interest rate
  • the vehicle RFID reader verifies the legality of the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module stored in the RFID tag.
  • the in-vehicle Bluetooth device transmits the frequency to the car card Bluetooth module
  • the car Bluetooth device increases the frequency of sending a heartbeat request to the Bluetooth module of the car card.
  • the car Bluetooth device is lowered to the car. The frequency at which the card Bluetooth module sends heartbeat requests.
  • the present invention also provides a system for charging a car segment, characterized in that the system comprises: a car card carried by a passenger, the car card comprising a Bluetooth module, an RFID tag and a power supply module for powering the Bluetooth module;
  • the vehicle GPS positioning device is configured to acquire the geographical location coordinates of the vehicle at any time;
  • the RFID reader disposed on the vehicle is configured to read the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the vehicle card stored in the RFID tag;
  • a processing device disposed on the vehicle, configured to acquire a geographic location coordinate of the vehicle when the RFID reader reads the Bluetooth module of the card and recognizes the other code;
  • An in-vehicle Bluetooth device located on the vehicle and signaling the entire car to send a heartbeat request to the car card Bluetooth module;
  • the processing device acquires a geographic location coordinate of the vehicle when the Bluetooth module of the vehicle card is offline; the processing device calculates a distance that the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the vehicle card is read from the RFID reader to the offline vehicle of the Bluetooth module of the vehicle card;
  • In-vehicle wireless remote communication device for using the Bluetooth identification code of the car card Bluetooth module and the vehicle The distance traveled is sent to the remote server;
  • a remote server that calculates the cost incurred by the user for the ride and debits the account corresponding to the Bluetooth ID of the Bluetooth module of the card.
  • the in-vehicle Bluetooth device on each vehicle has a unique device address, and the in-vehicle wireless telecommunications device transmits the Bluetooth identification code of the car card Bluetooth module, the distance traveled by the vehicle, and the device address of the in-vehicle Bluetooth device on the vehicle to the remote device.
  • the ride fee is calculated based on the Bluetooth identification code, the distance traveled by the vehicle, and the device address.
  • the vehicle card further includes a control module, after the vehicle RFID reader verifies that the RFID tag is legal, the control module controls the Bluetooth module of the user's handheld car card to be activated;
  • the control module controls the Bluetooth module of the car card to be turned off.
  • the in-vehicle RFID reader includes an audio and video signal indicating device, and after the in-vehicle RFID reader verifies the legitimacy of the RFID tag, the audio and video signal indicating device gives a corresponding audio and video signal.
  • the vehicle wireless remote communication device sends the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the vehicle card to the remote server to verify the account information corresponding to the blue identification code of the Bluetooth module;
  • the remote server sends the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module to the in-vehicle wireless remote communication device;
  • the in-vehicle Bluetooth device Transmitting, by the in-vehicle Bluetooth device, the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module to the Bluetooth module; the control module of the car card storing the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module in the RFID tag; the car RFID reader corresponding to the Bluetooth module stored in the RFID tag The legality of the account information is verified.
  • the processing device acquires a traveling speed of the vehicle at an arbitrary time
  • the processing device controls a frequency at which the in-vehicle Bluetooth device sends a heartbeat request to the car card Bluetooth module according to the traveling speed of the vehicle;
  • the in-vehicle Bluetooth device transmits the frequency to the car card Bluetooth module
  • the control module of the vehicle card adjusts a time threshold for controlling the closing of the Bluetooth module of the vehicle card when the Bluetooth module of the vehicle card does not receive the heartbeat request sent by the in-vehicle Bluetooth device according to the frequency.
  • the processing device controls the car Bluetooth setting The frequency of transmitting a heartbeat request to the Bluetooth module of the car card is increased.
  • the processing device controls the in-vehicle Bluetooth device to reduce the frequency of sending a heartbeat request to the Bluetooth module of the car card.
  • the present invention uses the registered Bluetooth module as a legal Bluetooth module.
  • the legal Bluetooth module can be used as a tool for passenger identification, and the Bluetooth signal coverage.
  • the entire car so that when the passenger carries the Bluetooth module into the car, the passenger can be recognized, and when the Bluetooth device does not detect the Bluetooth signal of the Bluetooth module, it can recognize that the passenger has got off the bus, and calculate the passenger getting on and off.
  • the distance traveled by the vehicle during the time period can be used to charge the passengers in sections, and the passengers can realize the section charging without the need to brush the RFID card twice, which is convenient to use and shortens the time for passengers to get on and off.
  • Calculating the fare through the remote server can facilitate the user to recharge, query and modify the debit account through the Internet or other remote methods, which can save the management cost of the late RFID car card and the entire vehicle segment automatic deduction system. Operating costs.
  • the RFID tag bound to the passenger identity is verified by setting an RFID reader, and the RFID reader is placed at the door of the front door of the vehicle, and the RFID tag is recognized by being close to the RFID reader when the passenger gets on the vehicle. It can accurately determine whether the passenger has a legal Bluetooth module to avoid the phenomenon of passengers escaping. At the same time, brushing the RFID car to get on the car has become the habit of passengers taking the vehicle to swipe the card.
  • the invention borrows the function of supervising and recognizing the passenger by the RFID tag, the substantial deduction is the Bluetooth identification by binding the identification Bluetooth module. The code is realized, and the segmentation deduction fee is automatically formed on the basis of not changing the usage habits of the people. Therefore, the present invention is an upgrade of the existing one-time RFID car card, without changing the passengers' habits. Upgrade the order, the advantage of lower upgrade cost.
  • the speed of the vehicle By adjusting the speed of the vehicle to adjust the frequency of the Bluetooth module of the Bluetooth device of the car, the power of the Bluetooth module carried by the passenger can be reduced, thereby saving a large amount of electric power for the power supply module.
  • the Bluetooth module can be turned on by the sensing signal of the RFID reader and can be turned off when the Bluetooth module is out of the signal range of the car Bluetooth device, thus enabling the Bluetooth module to be in a non-riding state. It is off and saves energy.
  • the Bluetooth module carried by the passenger and the non-passenger can be distinguished very accurately, and the Bluetooth of the Bluetooth module carried by the non-passenger is avoided.
  • the account corresponding to the identification code performs charging, and at the same time, the data processing amount of the in-vehicle processing device is reduced, and the data transmission bandwidth of the in-vehicle wireless telecommunication device is also saved.
  • the legality of the card carried by the passenger can be quickly recognized, and the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module is written into the RFID tag, which can be quickly recognized by the RFID reader.
  • the legality of the passenger's deduction account (such as whether it is owed) avoids the problem of transmitting data through the network, which leads to the problem of too slow recognition, which facilitates the speed of passengers getting on the bus.
  • each vehicle of each vehicle line needs to be marked, and each vehicle is provided with at least one in-vehicle Bluetooth device.
  • the device address of the in-vehicle Bluetooth device it can be known that the passenger is riding.
  • Which vehicle by analyzing the route traveled by each vehicle and the passenger re-selecting another vehicle to determine whether the passenger is riding a reverse, passing a car or getting off in advance, and being able to travel according to the passenger's journey. The distance (ie from the initial station to the final stop) is deducted to avoid the passenger being charged.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment provides a method and system for charging a bus segment.
  • the original intention of the present invention is to solve the problem that it is difficult to implement intelligent segmentation charging by brushing a passive RFID tag, so a combination is proposed.
  • Bluetooth identification technology to achieve the method of car segmentation charging the initial solution is:
  • a GPS navigation device is arranged on the bus for obtaining information on the geographical coordinates of the bus at each moment, and a timing device is also arranged on the bus, and the timing device is used for acquiring the first time that the in-vehicle Bluetooth device acquires a passenger.
  • the moment of carrying the Bluetooth module (the Bluetooth module in the Bluetooth device such as a mobile phone, a Bluetooth headset, a Bluetooth key, etc. carried by the actual passenger of the Bluetooth module), and acquiring the geographic location coordinates of the bus corresponding to the time from the GPS navigation device Information, in the process of passengers travelling on the bus with the bus, the car Bluetooth device constantly searches or pages the Bluetooth module in its signal range.
  • the Bluetooth device Since the passengers are always on the bus, they will always monitor the Bluetooth module ( In addition to the temporary interruption of the signal, until the passenger carries the Bluetooth module and gets off the signal coverage of the Bluetooth device, the Bluetooth device no longer queries the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module. When the Bluetooth device no longer queries the Bluetooth module. When the Bluetooth ID is used, the passenger is considered to carry Bluetooth The module gets off the vehicle, and the timing device calculates the time when the Bluetooth device cannot find the Bluetooth module, and counts the time as the time when the passenger gets off the bus, or searches for the last time (that is, the last time) when the Bluetooth module is not searched. The time of the module is the time when the passenger gets off the vehicle, and the geographical position coordinate information of the bus corresponding to the time is acquired from the GPS navigation device at this time.
  • a processing device is also provided on the bus for calculating the distance that the in-vehicle Bluetooth device first acquires the Bluetooth module carried by the passenger to the last time the bus module is carried by the Bluetooth module carried by the passenger.
  • the bus Since the bus travels according to a fixed line, it is easy to calculate the number of stations that the bus has traveled according to the geographical coordinates of the bus, so that it is easy to know the distance traveled by the bus. At the same time, the bus is only in the bus. It will stop when it arrives, so according to the last Bluetooth device on the car When searching for the location coordinates of the bus when the Bluetooth module is carried by the passenger, it is easy to know at which station the passenger got off.
  • the bus is also provided with a wireless remote signal transmission device for transmitting the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module and the distance traveled by the Bluetooth module with the bus to the remote server.
  • the wireless remote signal transmission device may have multiple types, such as WLAN, WIFI and other wireless signal transmission, and may also be transmitted through GSM communication signals or 3G communication signals.
  • GSM communication signals or 3G communication signals.
  • 3G communication technology it is cost to transmit data using 3G wireless signals. Low cost and fast data transfer rate.
  • Each Bluetooth identification code is pre-registered and has a debit account corresponding to the Bluetooth identification code.
  • the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module is actually the passenger identification code, and the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module can be used for the passenger. Identification of the identity.
  • the Bluetooth identification code of a Bluetooth module can only correspond to one debit account, and one deduction account can correspond to multiple Bluetooth modules.
  • the remote server calculates a ride fee corresponding to the distance according to the distance traveled by the Bluetooth module with the bus, and deducts a fee corresponding to the distance from the account corresponding to the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module.
  • the distance traveled by the bus is actually equal to the number of stations that the bus has traveled.
  • the automatic deduction of passengers can be realized.
  • each person who takes the bus carries a Bluetooth module representing his identity, and keeps the Bluetooth module turned on throughout the process, It can make passengers do not need to take out the bus card during the boarding and unloading process, and there is no need to get on the front door of the bus.
  • the passenger can directly get on and off the vehicle to realize automatic deduction, so that the flight attendant is not required to segment the passenger.
  • the fee is charged, and the speed of getting on and off is greatly accelerated, which improves the speed of the bus.
  • the passenger in real life, it is impossible for every passenger to carry a Bluetooth module that represents his identity (it may be forgotten, or deliberately not). Passengers who do not carry the Bluetooth module are difficult to charge, if they cannot be accurately distinguished. Which passenger carries a Bluetooth module that represents his or her identity, and which passenger is not carrying it, there will be problems with serious evasion and unfair and unreasonable charges.
  • the passenger carries a device including a Bluetooth module, such as a Bluetooth mobile phone, a Bluetooth headset, a Bluetooth key, etc., but the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of these devices is not registered at the server, and there is no Bluetooth bound to the charge account. The module cannot be charged for it.
  • the Bluetooth module is freely opened and closed by passengers, some passengers will turn off the Bluetooth module shortly after boarding. If the car Bluetooth device does not detect the Bluetooth signal of the Bluetooth module, it will cause the system to mistakenly believe that the passenger has got off the vehicle, which will cause the passenger with a long distance to deduct the fee.
  • the Bluetooth module the power supply module that supplies the Bluetooth module and the RFID tag.
  • the Bluetooth module is turned on without an external switch, and the passenger cannot control it through the external switch.
  • the identification of the legality of the tag enables accurate identification of the legitimacy of the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module, thereby enabling a very accurate and rapid identification of whether the passenger carries a Bluetooth module representing his identity. Since the Bluetooth module does not have an external switch to control its opening and closing, it needs to be automatically turned on and off, that is, it is only turned on when it is riding, and the Bluetooth module is automatically turned off after getting off (of course, Bluetooth can be turned on and off).
  • the indicator light which can reduce the power consumption of the Bluetooth module, ensuring that the Bluetooth module, the power supply module and the RFID tag are sealed together, and there is no need to charge frequently, and the charging can be guaranteed for one year or several times. More than a year.
  • the car Bluetooth device can filter the non-passenger Bluetooth module very much (the Bluetooth signal of the car Bluetooth device may overflow outside the car). ), avoiding the problem of incorrect billing.
  • S1 obtaining the geographic location coordinates of the bus at any time by the vehicle GPS positioning device;
  • S2 the vehicle RFID reader verifies the legality of the RFID tag and gives corresponding audio and video signals;
  • S4 the RFID reader reads the Bluetooth identification code of the bus module Bluetooth module stored in the RFID tag
  • S5 acquires the geographical location coordinates of the bus when the RFID reader reads the Bluetooth identification code of the bus module Bluetooth module;
  • S6 the in-vehicle Bluetooth device located on the bus and covering the entire car sends a heartbeat request to the bus card Bluetooth module;
  • the in-vehicle wireless remote communication device sends the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the bus card to the remote server;
  • S10 Calculate the fee generated by the user by the Bluetooth identification code, the distance traveled by the bus, and the device address, and deduct from the account corresponding to the Bluetooth identification code of the bus module Bluetooth module.
  • the Bluetooth module of the bus card is controlled to be closed when the bus card Bluetooth module does not receive the heartbeat request sent by the car Bluetooth device within a certain period of time.
  • the verification of the legality of the RFID tag includes not only verifying the information of the tag, whether it is legally registered, but also verifying whether the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module bound to the RFID tag is legally registered, and the Bluetooth identification code corresponds to Whether the account is in a normal state (including whether it is expired or arrears, etc.), and since the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module installed in the bus card is stored in the remote server, if the Bluetooth identification code is used by the network The corresponding account information is transmitted to the bus, and obviously the speed is too slow, which is not conducive to quickly and accurately identifying the user who is legally riding. Therefore, the method for charging a section of the present invention further includes the following steps between S4 and S5 described above:
  • T1 sending the Bluetooth identification module Bluetooth identification code of the bus card to the server to verify the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module blue identification code;
  • T2 the remote server sends the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module to the in-vehicle wireless remote communication device;
  • T3 sending, by using a car Bluetooth device, account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module to the Bluetooth module;
  • T4 Store the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module in the RFID tag for the next time the vehicle RFID reader verifies the legality of the RFID tag.
  • the RFID tag of the RFID tag validates the RFID tag
  • the validity of the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module stored in the RFID tag is verified.
  • the validity of the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module is verified. Part of the validity of the label for verification.
  • the method for charging a passenger segment of the present invention further includes:
  • M1 The in-vehicle processing device acquires the traveling speed of the bus at any time
  • the on-vehicle processing device controls the frequency at which the in-vehicle Bluetooth device sends a heartbeat request to the bus card bluetooth module according to the traveling speed of the bus;
  • the car Bluetooth device When the bus speed decreases to 0m/S ⁇ 5m/s (indicating that the bus tends to stop), the car Bluetooth device increases the frequency of sending heartbeat requests to the bus card Bluetooth module, and when the bus speed increases to 5m/ When s is above (indicating that the bus is driving), the car Bluetooth device reduces the frequency of sending heartbeat requests to the Bluetooth module of the bus card.
  • the car Bluetooth device transmits the frequency to the bus card Bluetooth module
  • the control module of the bus card adjusts the time threshold for controlling the closing of the Bluetooth module of the bus card when the bus module Bluetooth module does not receive the heartbeat request sent by the in-vehicle Bluetooth device according to the frequency.
  • the frequency of heartbeat monitoring of the Bluetooth module of all the bus cards located on the bus is globally improved.
  • the time interval between frequent stop and stop is too short, and the frequency of the adjusted heartbeat monitoring is often sent to the Bluetooth module for the car Bluetooth device, and the control module of the bus card also needs to monitor the heartbeat.
  • the frequency adjustment process performs data processing, so the overall power consumption of each module of the bus card is increased. Therefore, for the bus, the frequency at which the car Bluetooth device sends a heartbeat request to the bus card Bluetooth module is a fixed value. For long-distance buses or intercity rail transit, it is better to adjust the frequency of the heartbeat request sent by the in-vehicle Bluetooth device to the bus card Bluetooth module according to the speed of the vehicle.
  • the present invention provides a system for automatically deducting a section of a bus, the system comprising:
  • bus card 10 carried by a passenger, the bus card including an RFID tag 11, a Bluetooth module 12,
  • the control module 13 connected to the RFID tag and the Bluetooth module 12 and the power module 14 for powering the Bluetooth module and the control chip, the control module 13 acquires the RF signal analysis induced by the RFID tag, thereby controlling the power supply of the power module 14 to the Bluetooth module 12;
  • the in-vehicle device 20 includes:
  • the vehicle GPS positioning device 21 is configured to acquire the geographic location coordinates of the bus at any time;
  • the RFID reader 22 disposed on the bus is configured to read the Bluetooth identification code of the bus module Bluetooth module stored in the RFID tag, and For verifying the legality of the account letter corresponding to the Bluetooth module stored in the RFID tag 11;
  • a processing device 23 disposed on the bus for obtaining a geographic location coordinate of the bus when the RFID reader reads the Bluetooth identification code of the bus card bluetooth module;
  • An in-vehicle Bluetooth device 24 located on the bus and signaling the entire car is used to send a heartbeat request to the bus card bluetooth module;
  • the processing device 23 acquires the geographic location coordinates of the bus when the bus card Bluetooth module is offline; the processing device 23 calculates the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the bus card read from the RFID reader to the bus module Bluetooth module offline bus Driving distance
  • the in-vehicle wireless remote communication device 25 is configured to send the Bluetooth identification code of the Bluetooth module of the bus card, the device address of the in-vehicle Bluetooth device on the bus, and the distance traveled by the bus to the remote server;
  • the remote server 30 is configured to calculate a fee generated by the user's boarding based on the Bluetooth identification code, the distance traveled by the bus, and the device address, and deduct the fee from the account corresponding to the Bluetooth identification code of the bus card Bluetooth module.
  • control module 13 controls the Bluetooth module of the user to hold the bus card to start;
  • the control module 13 controls the Bluetooth module of the bus card to be turned off.
  • the in-vehicle RFID reader 22 includes an audio and video signal indicating device 221, and after the in-vehicle RFID reader 22 verifies the legitimacy of the RFID tag, the audio and video signal indicating device 221 gives a corresponding audio and video signal.
  • the in-vehicle wireless remote communication device 25 sends the bus card Bluetooth module Bluetooth identification code to the remote server 30 to verify the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module blue identification code;
  • the remote server 30 transmits the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module to the in-vehicle wireless remote communication device 25;
  • the bus module control module 13 stores the account information corresponding to the Bluetooth module 12 in the RFID tag 11 for verification of the legality of the RFID tag by the next car RFID reader;
  • the processing device 23 is further configured to acquire a traveling speed of the bus at any time;
  • the processing device 23 controls the frequency at which the in-vehicle Bluetooth device 24 sends a heartbeat request to the bus card Bluetooth module 12 according to the traveling speed of the bus;
  • the car Bluetooth device 24 sends the frequency to the bus card Bluetooth module 12;
  • the control module 13 of the bus card adjusts the time threshold of the closing of the Bluetooth module 12 of the bus card when the bus card Bluetooth module 12 does not receive the heartbeat request sent by the car Bluetooth device 24 according to the frequency.
  • the processing device controls the in-vehicle Bluetooth device to increase the frequency of sending a heartbeat request to the Bluetooth module of the bus card, and when the driving speed of the bus is increased to 5 m/ Above s, the processing device controls the in-vehicle Bluetooth device to reduce the frequency of sending heartbeat requests to the bus card Bluetooth module.
  • the time interval for the in-vehicle Bluetooth device to periodically search for the Bluetooth module is 3s in this embodiment, and may actually be set at 1 s to 60s. If the search frequency is too high, the burden on the system is increased, and the search frequency is too low. The accuracy of the timing will decrease.
  • the in-vehicle Bluetooth device can be set to start searching when the bus speed drops below 1 m/s.

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Abstract

一种乘车分段收费的方法和系统，该方法包括：通过车载GPS定位装置获取车辆在任一时刻的地理位置坐标；RFID读取器读取存储在RFID标签中的车卡蓝牙模块识别码；获取RFID读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙标识码时车辆的地理位置坐标；位于车辆上并且信号覆盖整个车厢的车载蓝牙设备相车卡蓝牙模块发送心跳请求；获取车卡蓝牙模块离线时的车辆的地理位置坐标；计算从RFID读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码到车卡蓝牙模块离线车辆行驶的距离；车载无线远程通信设备将所述车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码以及车辆形式的距离发送给远程服务器；计算用户乘车所产生的费用并且从与车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码相对应的账户中扣费。

Description

乘车分段收费的方法和系统
【技术领域】
本发明属于无线通信技术领域，本发明涉及一种乘坐车辆自动扣费方法和 系统， 特别涉及一种基于蓝牙和 RFID的乘车分段收费的方法和系统。 【背景技术】
公交，是公共交通的筒称，公共交通工具指所有提供交通服务的运输工具， 包括城市公共汽车， 城市轨道交通、 以及城市间的汽车和轨道交通等。 车辆以 其快捷、 方便、 经济实惠等优点成为现代化的城市不可缺少的一部分。 为了维 持城市公共交通设施的继续运转， 需要对乘坐公共交通工具的人进行收费， 而 由于每个人乘坐的距离不同， 享受的服务也不同， 所以有必要对享受不同里程 服务的人收取不同的费用， 以最大限度的彰显出现代社会的公平性。 然而由于 公共交通工具每天涉及的客流量非常大，这就为现在城市交通的收费提出了很 大的难题。
以公汽为例来说明目前车辆收费出现的一系列的难题，但是本发明的自动 扣费系统和方法不仅仅能应用于公汽上， 还可以应用在其他的公共交通工具 上。
目前在对乘坐公汽的人进行收费的方法有以上几种：
人工售票。 人工售票的缺点有以下几点：
( 1 )成本高， 一个大中型城市一年支付给售票员工资高达到上亿元。
( 2 )服务质量不到位、 乱收费和错收费现象时有出现。
( 3 )尽管有人工售票， 但是还是会出现虚报乘坐的距离的情况发生。 刷无源 RFID车卡的方式。 目前刷无源 RFID车卡有两种模式， 一种是一 次性收费， 只需要上车刷卡， 无论你坐多远， 费用都是固定的， 这种收费模式 虽然筒单、 方便， 不用配备售票员， 减少了运营成本， 但是由于每个人乘坐的 距离不同， 而收费的价格却是一样的， 这样显然有失公平， 而且在对车票定价 时很难， 定的过高， 乘客难以接受， 定的过低， 会导致运营成本难以收回。 另 外一种是分段收费， 目前全国在深圳和北京采用了刷车卡分段收费的模式， 深 圳的收费方式依然是人工划卡收费， 只是收取的不是现金， 而是采用从公交卡 扣费， 这种收费方式和人工售票的方式实质上是没有区别的， 也具有人工售票 的 4艮多缺点。 北京的收费方式是上车刷卡， 下车刷卡， 通过一种系统来计算上 车刷卡和下车刷卡的距离， 从而对乘坐不同距离的人收取不同的费用， 此种系 统需要配合司机的手动报站器才能使用。 这种收费方式的缺点在于， 乘客上车 的时候刷了卡， 下车的时候没有刷卡， 或者是上车没有刷卡， 下车刷卡， 或者 是上下车都没有刷卡， 为了对乘客的刷卡行为进行监督和提醒， 还需要配备乘 务人员， 这无疑也增加了人工成本； 同时乘客如果出现忘记刷卡， 只刷一次的 现象， 则会被收取全段的乘车费用， 这样显然有失公平。 不仅如此， 由于给购 买、 退卡以及给车卡充值的网点有限， 所以导致顾客在使用时非常不方便。
自动投币。 这种收费方式也只能一次性收费不能分段收费， 而且由于其不 设找零， 所以乘客在乘坐的时候非常不方便。 而且由于没有设置真假硬币验币 装置， 导致出现^艮多假币， 严重损害了公交公司的利益。
所以要减少公交的运营成本， 就需要减少降低人工成本， 采用自动分段收 费的方式。 为了解决公交车分段自动扣费的难题， 人们想出了很多办法。 但是 都不能提出一种成本低廉而且高效的实现公交车分段自动扣费的技术。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的就是为了解决现有技术存在的问题，提出了一种基于蓝牙和
RFID的乘车分段收费的方法和系统。
本发明所述的 RFID是指无源 RFID, 其感应的方式可为多种， 其工作频 率也可为多种， 但是最好是不要和蓝牙的工作频率相接近。
所述的车辆包括城际巴士线路、 地铁以及长途巴士上。 所述车卡包括公交 卡、 城际列车卡等。
本发明的技术方案如下： 本发明提供一种乘车分段收费的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括： 通过车载 GPS定位装置获取车辆在任一时刻的地理位置坐标；
RFID读取器读取存储在 RFID标签中的车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码； 获取 RFID读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码时的车辆的地理位置 坐标；
位于车辆上并且信号覆盖整个车厢的车载蓝牙设备向车卡蓝牙模块发送 心跳请求；
获取车卡蓝牙模块离线时的车辆的地理位置坐标；
计算从 RFI D读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码到车卡蓝牙模块离 线车辆行驶的距离；
车载无线远程通信设备将所述车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码以及车辆行驶 的距离发送给远程服务器；
计算用户乘车所产生的费用并且从与车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码相对应 的账户中扣费。
每一车辆上的车载蓝牙设备具有一个唯一的设备地址， 该方法进一步包 括：
将车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码、车辆行驶的距离以及该车辆上的车载蓝牙 设备的设备地址发送给远程服务器；
根据所述的蓝牙识别码、 车辆行驶的距离以及设备地址计算出乘车费用。 在车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签合法后， 控制用户手持车卡的蓝牙模 块启动；
在一定的时间内，车卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙设备发送的心跳请求时 控制车卡的蓝牙模块关闭。
车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签的合法性，并给出相对应的音视频信号。 该方法进一步包括：
将该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码发送给远程服务器验证该蓝牙模块蓝识别 码对应的账户信息；
远程服务器向车载无线远程通信设备发送所述的蓝牙模块对应的账户信 息；
通过车载蓝牙设备将所述蓝牙模块对应的账户信息发送给蓝牙模块； 将蓝牙模块对应的账户信息存储在 RFID标签中；
车载 RFID读取器对 RFID标签中存储的蓝牙模块对应的账户信息的合法 性进行验证。
获取任意时刻的车辆的行驶速度；
根据车辆的行驶速度控制车载蓝牙设备向车卡蓝牙模块发送心跳请求的 频率；
车载蓝牙设备将所述频率发送给车卡蓝牙模块；
根据所述频率调整车卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙设备发送的心跳请求 时控制车卡的蓝牙模块关闭的时间阀值。
当车辆的行驶速度降低到 0m/S~5m/s时， 车载蓝牙设备提高向车卡蓝牙 模块发送心跳请求的频率， 当车辆的行驶速度提高到 5m/s以上时， 车载蓝牙 设备降低向车卡蓝牙模块的发送心跳请求的频率。
本发明还提供一种乘车分段收费的系统， 其特征在于， 该系统包括： 为乘客所携带的车卡， 所述车卡包括蓝牙模块、 RFID标签以及对蓝牙模 块供电的供电模块；
车载 GPS定位装置， 用于获取车辆在任一时刻的地理位置坐标； 设置于车辆上的 RFID读取器， 用于读取存储在 RFID标签中的车卡蓝牙 模块蓝牙识别码；
设置于车辆上的处理装置， 用于获取 RFID读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块 蓝牙识另 'J码时的车辆的地理位置坐标；
位于车辆上并且信号覆盖整个车厢的车载蓝牙设备向车卡蓝牙模块发送 心跳请求；
所述处理装置获取车卡蓝牙模块离线时的车辆的地理位置坐标； 所述处理装置计算从 RFID读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码到车 卡蓝牙模块离线车辆行驶的距离；
车载无线远程通信设备，用于将所述车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码以及车辆 行驶的距离发送给远程服务器；
远程服务器，用于计算用户乘车所产生的费用并且从与车卡蓝牙模块的蓝 牙识别码相对应的账户中扣费。
每一车辆上的车载蓝牙设备具有一个唯一的设备地址，所述车载无线远程 通信设备将车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码、车辆行驶的距离以及该车辆上的车载 蓝牙设备的设备地址发送给远程服务器；
根据所述的蓝牙识别码、 车辆行驶的距离以及设备地址计算出乘车费用。 所述车卡还包括控制模块， 在车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签合法后， 所述控制模块控制用户手持车卡的蓝牙模块启动；
在一定的时间内， 车卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙设备发送的心跳请求 时， 所述控制模块控制车卡的蓝牙模块关闭。
所述车载 RFID读取器包括音视频信号指示装置， 车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签的合法性后， 所述音视频信号指示装置给出相对应的音视频信号。
车载无线远程通信设备将该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码发送给远程服务器 验证该蓝牙模块蓝识别码对应的账户信息；
远程服务器向车载无线远程通信设备发送所述的蓝牙模块对应的账户信 息；
通过车载蓝牙设备将所述蓝牙模块对应的账户信息发送给蓝牙模块； 车卡的控制模块将蓝牙模块对应的账户信息存储在 RFID标签中； 车载 RFID读取器对 RFID标签中存储的蓝牙模块对应的账户信息的合法 性进行验证。
所述处理装置获取任意时刻的车辆的行驶速度；
所述处理装置根据车辆的行驶速度控制车载蓝牙设备向车卡蓝牙模块发 送心跳请求的频率；
车载蓝牙设备将所述频率发送给车卡蓝牙模块；
所述车卡的控制模块根据所述频率调整车卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙 设备发送的心跳请求时控制车卡的蓝牙模块关闭的时间阀值。
当车辆的行驶速度降低到 0m/S~5m/s时， 所述处理装置控制车载蓝牙设 备提高向车卡蓝牙模块发送心跳请求的频率， 当车辆的行驶速度提高到 5m/s 以上时，所述处理装置控制车载蓝牙设备降低向车卡蓝牙模块的发送心跳请求 的频率。
本发明有益的技术效果在于：
相较于现有技术， 本发明将已注册的蓝牙模块作为合法的蓝牙模块， 当乘 客携带有合法的蓝牙模块上车时，合法的蓝牙模块即可作为乘客身份识别的工 具， 同时蓝牙信号覆盖整个车厢， 这样当乘客携带蓝牙模块进入车厢即可识别 到乘客上车， 而当车载蓝牙设备检测不到蓝牙模块的蓝牙信号时即可识别到乘 客已下车，计算乘客上车和下车这个时间段内车辆行进的距离即可对乘客进行 分段收费， 而且整个过程， 乘客非常无需刷两次 RFID卡即可实现分段收费， 使用方便， 同时缩短了乘客上下车的时间。
通过远程的服务器计算乘车费用能够方便用户通过互联网或者其他远程 的方式对扣费账户进行充值、 查询以及数据修改， 能够节省后期乘车 RFID车 卡的管理成本以及整个车辆分段自动扣费系统的运营成本。
通过设置 RFID读取器对与乘客身份绑定的 RFID标签进行验证， 并且将 RFID读取器设置于车辆前门的门口， 在乘客上车的时候通过将 RFID标签贴 近 RFID读取器进行识别， 从而能够准确的判断出乘客有没有携带合法的蓝牙 模块， 避免乘客逃票的现象出现。 同时刷 RFID车卡上车已经成为了乘客乘坐 交通工具刷卡的习惯， 本发明虽然借用了 RFID标签对乘客进行监督和识别的 功能， 但是其实质的扣费是通过绑定识别蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码来实现的， 在 不改变人们的使用习惯的基础上， 自动形成分段扣费， 所以本发明是对现有的 刷一次 RFID车卡的升级， 在不改变乘客使用习惯的情况下， 具有升级筒单， 升级成本较低的优点。
通过获取车辆的车速对车载蓝牙设备心跳监测蓝牙模块的频率进行调整， 能够降低乘客携带的蓝牙模块的功率， 从而能够为供电模块节省了大量的电 能。
通过 RFID读取器的感应信号来开启蓝牙模块同时能够在蓝牙模块脱离车 载蓝牙设备的信号范围的时候关闭， 如此， 能够使得蓝牙模块在非乘车状态下 处于关闭状态， 节省电能。
通过将车载的 RFID读取器读取 RFID标签中存储的蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别 码， 能够非常准确的区分出乘客和非乘客所携带的蓝牙模块， 避免了对非乘客 所携带的蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码所对应的账户进行计费的情况， 同时减小了车 载的处理装置的数据处理量， 同时也节省了车载无线远程通信设备的数据传输 带宽。
通过 RFID的快速识别能力，能够快速识别出乘客所携带的车卡的合法性， 同时将蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码对应的账户信息写入到 RFID标签中， 能够非常 快速的通过 RFID读取器识别出乘客的乘车扣费账户的合法性（比如是否欠费 ) 信息， 避免了通过网络传输数据， 而导致识别太慢的问题， 方便了乘客上车的 速度。
在实际运营中， 乘客有可能会出现坐车坐反的问题， 或者出现搞错车站而 坐过车或者提前下车的问题， 而发生这种情况时， 乘客不得不重新选择另外一 辆车辆乘坐， 对于这种情况， 需要对每一条车辆线路的每一辆车辆进行标记， 而每一辆车上均设置有至少一个车载蓝牙设备，通过分析车载蓝牙设备的设备 地址即可知道该乘客乘坐的是哪一辆车辆，再通过分析每一辆车辆行进的线路 以及乘客重新选择另一辆车辆来判断乘客是否坐反车、坐过车或者提前下车的 情况， 并且能够根据乘客乘坐车辆行进的最终距离（即从最初始发站到最终停 留站 )来进行扣费， 能够避免乘客被冤枉扣费的情况发生。
所以需要对乘客乘坐的车辆进行标记，将车载蓝牙设备的设备地址与乘客 转乘另外一辆车辆之间停顿的时间以及相间的距离一起上传给服务器， 由服务 器对乘客的乘车情况进行分析， 从而计算出相应的费用。
【附图说明】
图 1为本发明实施例的方法流程图 ；
图 1为本发明实施例的系统结构框图 。
【具体实施方式】 为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及最 优的实施例， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的最优的 实施例仅用以解释本发明， 并不用来限定本发明。
实施例
本实施例提供一种乘坐公交车分段收费的方法和系统，本发明的设计初衷 是为了解决现有的通过刷一次无源 RFID标签难以实现智能分段收费的问题， 所以提出了一种结合蓝牙识别技术来实现乘车分段收费的方法，初步的解决方 案是：
在公交车上设置 GPS导航装置， 用于获取每一时刻公交车的地理位置坐 标的信息， 在公交车上还设置一计时装置， 该计时装置用于获取车载蓝牙设备 第一次获取到一乘客携带的蓝牙模块（该蓝牙模块实际上的乘客携带的例如手 机、 蓝牙耳机、 蓝牙钥匙等蓝牙设备内的蓝牙模块） 的时刻， 并且从 GPS导 航装置获取与该时刻对应的公交车的地理位置坐标信息，在乘客乘坐公交车随 公交车不断行进的过程中，车载蓝牙设备不断的搜索或者寻呼其信号范围内的 蓝牙模块， 由于乘客一直在公交车上， 所以其一直会监测到蓝牙模块（除信号 暂时中断外）， 直到乘客携带着蓝牙模块下车， 离开车载蓝牙设备的信号覆盖 范围， 则车载蓝牙设备不再查询到蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码， 当车载蓝牙设备不 再查询到蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码时， 则认为乘客携带蓝牙模块下车， 通过计时 装置计算车载蓝牙设备搜索不到蓝牙模块的时刻，将该时刻算作乘客下车的时 刻， 或者将在搜索不到蓝牙模块时的上一次（即最后一次 )搜索到蓝牙模块的 时刻作为乘客下车的时刻， 通过该时刻从 GPS导航装置中获取与该时刻对应 的公交车的地理位置坐标信息。
在公交车上还设置有处理装置，所述处理装置用于计算车载蓝牙设备第一 次获取到乘客携带的蓝牙模块到最后一次获取到乘客携带的蓝牙模块时间段 内公交车行驶的距离。
由于公交车是按照固定线路行驶的， 所以根据公交车的地理位置坐标， 很 容易可以计算出公交车行驶过的车站数，从而可以很容易的知道公交车行驶的 距离， 同时， 公交车只有在到站的时候才会停车， 所以根据车载蓝牙设备最后 一次搜索到乘客携带的蓝牙模块时公交车所处的地理位置坐标，很容易知道乘 客是在哪一站下车的。
公交车上还设置有无线远程信号传输装置，用于将蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码 以及该蓝牙模块随公交车行驶的距离发送给远程服务器。所述无线远程信号传 输装置可以有多种， 如 WLAN、 WIFI等无线信号传输， 还可以通过 GSM通 讯信号或者 3G通讯信号传输， 当然随着 3G通讯技术的发展， 采用 3G无线 信号传输数据有着成本低廉， 数据传输速率快的优点。
每一个蓝牙识别码均是事先注册好并且开设有与该蓝牙识别码相对应的 扣费账户的， 蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码实际上就乘客身份识别码， 通过蓝牙模块 的蓝牙识别码可对乘客的身份进行鉴别。一个蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码只能对应 一个扣费账户， 一个扣费账户可以对应多个蓝牙模块。
远程服务器根据蓝牙模块随公交车行驶的距离计算与该距离对应的乘车 费用， 并从与该蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码相对应的账户中扣取与该距离相应费 用。 公交车行驶的距离实际上就是等于公交车行驶过的车站的数量。
通过上述的方法可以实现对乘客乘车自动扣费， 理想的情况下， 如果每一 个乘坐公交车的人都携带有代表其身份的蓝牙模块， 而且在整个过程中保持蓝 牙模块一直处于开启状态，则能够使得乘客在上下车过程中都不需要将公交卡 拿出来，也无需从公交车的前门上车，乘客直接上车和下车即可实现自动扣费， 从而无需乘务员对乘客进行分段收费， 而且上下车的速度大大加快， 提高了 公交车的行车速度。
但是实际生活中， 不可能每一个乘客都会携带有代表其身份的蓝牙模块 (有可能忘记带， 或者是故意不带）， 没有携带蓝牙模块的乘客对难以对其收 费， 如果不能准确的区分出哪一个乘客携带有代表其身份的蓝牙模块， 哪一位 乘客没有携带， 则会出现逃票严重以及收费不公平不合理的问题。 另外一种情 况是，乘客携带有例如蓝牙手机、蓝牙耳机、蓝牙钥匙等包含蓝牙模块的装置， 但是这些装置的蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码没有在服务器进行注册，没有与扣费账 户绑定的蓝牙模块， 是不能对其进行扣费的。 还有一种情况是， 如果蓝牙模块 是乘客可以随意开启和关闭的， 则有的乘客会在上车后不久， 将蓝牙模块的关 ， 闭， 导致车载蓝牙设备检测不到蓝牙模块的蓝牙信号， 则会导致系统误认为乘 客已经下车， 这样就会出现乘坐距离比较远的乘客少扣费的问题。
所以要解决上述的几个问题， 我们需要将蓝牙模块、 对蓝牙模块供电的供 电模块和 RFID标签封装在一起， 蓝牙模块的开启没有外部开关， 乘客无法通 过外部开关对其进行控制， 通过对 RFID标签合法性的识别从而能够准确的对 蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码的合法性进行识别，从而能够非常准确快速的识别出乘 客是否携带有代表其身份的蓝牙模块。 由于蓝牙模块没有外部开关控制其开启 和关闭， 所以就需要对其开启和关闭实现自动化， 即只有在其乘车的时候才开 启， 在下车后蓝牙模块自动关闭（当然也可以设置蓝牙开启和关闭的指示灯）， 这样就能够降低蓝牙模块的用电量， 保证了即时将蓝牙模块、 供电模块以及 RFID标签密封在一起， 也无需经常充电的问题， 可以保证其充电一次可达一 年或者数年以上。另一方面，由于乘客的蓝牙模块只有在乘车的时候才会开启， 所以车载蓝牙设备可以很筒单的过滤非乘客的蓝牙模块（因车载蓝牙设备的蓝 牙信号会有可能溢出到车厢外的 ), 避免了错误计费的问题。
实现上述目的具体的技术方案是：
S1： 通过车载 GPS定位装置获取公交车在任一时刻的地理位置坐标； S2: 车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签的合法性， 并给出相对应的音视频 信号；
S3: 在车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签合法后， 控制用户手持公交卡的 蓝牙模块启动；
S4: RFID读取器读取存储在 RFID标签中的公交卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码； S5:获取 RFID读取器读取到该公交卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码时的公交车的 地理位置坐标；
S6:位于公交车上并且信号覆盖整个车厢的车载蓝牙设备向公交卡蓝牙模 块发送心跳请求；
S7: 获取公交卡蓝牙模块离线时的公交车的地理位置坐标；
S8:计算从 RFID读取器读取到该公交卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码到公交卡蓝 牙模块离线公交车行驶的距离； ，
S9: 车载无线远程通信设备将所述公交卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码、该公交 送给远程服务器；
S10: 根据所述的蓝牙识别码、 公交车行驶的距离以及设备地址计算用户 乘车所产生的费用并且从与公交卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码相对应的账户中扣 费。
S11 : 在一定的时间内， 公交卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙设备发送的心 跳请求时控制公交卡的蓝牙模块关闭。
对所述 RFID标签的合法性的验证不仅包括验证标签的信息， 是否被合法 注册， 还包括验证与该 RFID标签绑定的蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码是否被合法注 册， 该蓝牙识别码所对应的账户是否处于正常状态（包括是否过期以及欠费等 情况）， 而由于设置于公交卡内的蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码所对应的账户信息存 储于远程服务器中，所以如果由网络将该蓝牙识别码对应的账户信息传输到公 交车上， 显然会出现速度过慢的情况， 不利于快速准确的识别出合法乘车的用 户。 所以， 本发明的乘车分段收费的方法， 在上述的 S4和 S5之间还包括如 下步骤：
T1：将该公交卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码发送给服务器验证该蓝牙模块蓝识别 码对应的账户信息；
T2:远程服务器向车载无线远程通信设备发送所述的蓝牙模块对应的账户 信息；
T3: 通过车载蓝牙设备将所述蓝牙模块对应的账户信息发送给蓝牙模块；
T4: 将蓝牙模块对应的账户信息存储在 RFID标签中以供下次车载 RFID 读取器对 RFID标签的合法性进行验证。
车载 RFID读取器对 RFID标签进行合法性验证时， 会对 RFID标签中存 储的蓝牙模块对应的账户信息的合法性进行验证， 实际上对蓝牙模块对应的账 户信息的合法性进行验证是对 RFID标签合法性进行验证的一部分。
为了降低公交卡蓝牙模块的功耗， 同时减少车载蓝牙设备的数据处理量， 同时结合实际情况… -只有在车速停止时才会有乘客上下车的情况， 公交车在 ， 行进过程中是不会出现乘客上下车的情况， 没有乘客上下车， 自然就不会出现 蓝牙模块进出车厢所在的车载蓝牙设备的蓝牙信号覆盖范围的情况。所需要根 据车速调整车载蓝牙设备心跳检测公交卡的蓝牙模块的频率， 而假如车载蓝牙 设备对公交卡的蓝牙模块的心跳监测的频率的改变没有通知公交卡的蓝牙模 块的话， 则公交卡蓝牙模块无法判断出其是否离线， 也就无法自动关闭蓝牙模 块。 所以， 本发明的乘车分段收费的方法还包括：
M1： 车载处理装置获取任意时刻的公交车的行驶速度；
M2: 车载处理装置根据公交车的行驶速度控制车载蓝牙设备向公交卡蓝 牙模块发送心跳请求的频率；
当公交车的行驶速度降低到 0m/S~5m/s时（表明公交车趋于停止 ), 车载 蓝牙设备提高向公交卡蓝牙模块发送心跳请求的频率， 当公交车的行驶速度提 高到 5m/s以上时（表明公交车正在行驶），车载蓝牙设备降低向公交卡蓝牙模 块的发送心跳请求的频率。
M3: 车载蓝牙设备将所述频率发送给公交卡蓝牙模块；
M4: 公交卡的控制模块根据所述频率调整公交卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载 蓝牙设备发送的心跳请求时控制公交卡的蓝牙模块关闭的时间阀值。
实际上， 由于车载处理装置无法判断出乘客具体在哪一个时刻会下车， 所 以只要车一趋于停止就会对位于公交车上的所有的公交卡的蓝牙模块的心跳 监测的频率进行全局提高，对于公交车来说，其经常走走停停的时间间隔过短， 而对于车载蓝牙设备时常将调整后的心跳监测的频率发送给蓝牙模块， 同时公 交卡的控制模块还需要对心跳监测的频率调整情况进行数据处理，所以反而会 加大公交卡的各模块的整体功耗， 所以对于公交车来说， 车载蓝牙设备向公交 卡蓝牙模块发送心跳请求的频率为定值较优。对于长途巴士或者城际轨道交通 来说， 根据车速调整车载蓝牙设备向公交卡蓝牙模块发送心跳请求的频率较 优。
依据于上述的乘车分段收费的方法原理， 如图 2所示， 本发明提供一种公 交车分段自动扣费的系统， 该系统包括：
为乘客所携带的公交卡 10, 该公交卡包括 RFID标签 11、 蓝牙模块 12、 ， 与 RFID标签和蓝牙模块 12连接的控制模块 13以及对蓝牙模块和控制芯片供 电的电源模块 14, 控制模块 13获取 RFID标签感应的射频信号分析， 从而控 制电源模块 14向蓝牙模块 12的供电；
车载设备 20, 所述车载设备 20包括：
车载 GPS定位装置 21 , 用于获取公交车在任一时刻的地理位置坐标； 设置于公交车上的 RFID读取器 22,用于读取存储在 RFID标签中的公交 卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码， 以及用于对 RFID标签 11 中存储的蓝牙模块对应的 账户信, 的合法性进行验证；
设置于公交车上的处理装置 23,用于获取 RFID读取器读取到该公交卡蓝 牙模块蓝牙识别码时的公交车的地理位置坐标；
位于公交车上并且信号覆盖整个车厢的车载蓝牙设备 24用于向公交卡蓝 牙模块发送心跳请求；
所述处理装置 23获取公交卡蓝牙模块离线时的公交车的地理位置坐标； 所述处理装置 23计算从 RFID读取器读取到该公交卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别 码到公交卡蓝牙模块离线公交车行驶的距离；
车载无线远程通信设备 25, 用于将所述公交卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码、 该公交车上的车载蓝牙设备的设备地址以及公交车行驶的距离发送给远程服 务器；
远程服务器 30, 用于根据所述的蓝牙识别码、 公交车行驶的距离以及设 备地址计算用户乘车所产生的费用并且从与公交卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码相 对应的账户中扣费。
所述控制模块 13在车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签合法后， 控制用户 手持公交卡的蓝牙模块启动；
在一定的时间内，公交卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙设备发送的心跳请求 时， 所述控制模块 13控制公交卡的蓝牙模块关闭。
所述车载 RFID读取器 22包括音视频信号指示装置 221 ,车载 RFID读取 器 22验证 RFID标签的合法性后， 所述音视频信号指示装置 221给出相对应 的音视频信号。 车载无线远程通信设备 25将该公交卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码发送给远程服 务器 30验证该蓝牙模块蓝识别码对应的账户信息；
远程服务器 30向车载无线远程通信设备 25发送所述的蓝牙模块对应的账 户信息；
通过车载蓝牙设备 24 将所述蓝牙模块对应的账户信息发送给蓝牙模块
12;
公交卡的控制模块 13将蓝牙模块 12对应的账户信息存储在 RFID标签 11 中以供下次车载 RFID读取器对 RFID标签的合法性进行验证；
所述处理装置 23还用于获取任意时刻的公交车的行驶速度；
所述处理装置 23根据公交车的行驶速度控制车载蓝牙设备 24向公交卡蓝 牙模块 12发送心跳请求的频率；
车载蓝牙设备 24将所述频率发送给公交卡蓝牙模块 12;
所述公交卡的控制模块 13根据所述频率调整公交卡蓝牙模块 12未接收到 车载蓝牙设备 24发送的心跳请求时控制公交卡的蓝牙模块 12关闭的时间阀 值。
具体的： 当公交车的行驶速度降低到 0m/S~5m/s时， 所述处理装置控制 车载蓝牙设备提高向公交卡蓝牙模块发送心跳请求的频率， 当公交车的行驶速 度提高到 5m/s以上时， 所述处理装置控制车载蓝牙设备降低向公交卡蓝牙模 块的发送心跳请求的频率。所述车载蓝牙设备定时搜索蓝牙模块的时间间隔在 本实施例中为 3s, 实际上可以设定在 1 s~60s, 搜索的频率过高会加大系统的 负担， 搜索的频率过低会导致计时的准确率会下降， 当然， 为了减轻系统的运 行负荷同时为了提高计时的准确率，可以设定该车载蓝牙设备在公交车车速下 降到 1 m/S以下的时候， 开始搜索。 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例 对本发明进行了详细说明， 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解， 可以对本发明的 技术方案进行修改或者等同替换， 而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围， 其 均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

WO 2013/091287 +π i.i -+÷ - - PCT/CN2012/070154 权 利 要 求 书
1 .一种乘车分段收费的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括：
通过车载 GPS定位装置获取车辆在任一时刻的地理位置坐标；
RFID读取器读取存储在 RFID标签中的车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码； 获取 RFID读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码时的车辆的地理位置 坐标；
位于车辆上并且信号覆盖整个车厢的车载蓝牙设备向车卡蓝牙模块发送 心跳请求；
获取车卡蓝牙模块离线时的车辆的地理位置坐标；
计算从 RFI D读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码到车卡蓝牙模块离 线车辆行驶的距离；
车载无线远程通信设备将所述车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码以及车辆行驶 的距离发送给远程服务器；
计算用户乘车所产生的费用并且从与车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码相对应 的账户中扣费。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的一种乘车分段收费的方法， 其特征在于， 每一车 辆上的车载蓝牙设备具有一个唯一的设备地址， 该方法进一步包括：
将车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码、车辆行驶的距离以及该车辆上的车载蓝牙 设备的设备地址发送给远程服务器；
根据所述的蓝牙识别码、 车辆行驶的距离以及设备地址计算出乘车费用。
3.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种乘车分段收费的方法， 其特征在于， 在车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签合法后， 控制用户手持车卡的蓝牙模 块启动；
在一定的时间内，车卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙设备发送的心跳请求时 控制车卡的蓝牙模块关闭。
4.根据权利要求 3所述的一种乘车分段收费的方法， 其特征在于， 车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签的合法性，并给出相对应的音视频信号。
5.根据权利要求 4所述的一种乘车分段收费的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法 进一步包括： WO 2013/091287 +π i.i -+÷ - - PCT/CN2012/070154
权 利 要 求 书 将该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码发送给远程服务器验证该蓝牙模块蓝识别 码对应的账户信息；
远程服务器向车载无线远程通信设备发送所述的蓝牙模块对应的账户信 息；
通过车载蓝牙设备将所述蓝牙模块对应的账户信息发送给蓝牙模块； 将蓝牙模块对应的账户信息存储在 RFID标签中；
车载 RFID读取器对 RFID标签中存储的蓝牙模块对应的账户信息的合法 性进行验证。
6.根据权利要求 3所述的一种乘车分段收费的方法， 其特征在于， 获取任意时刻的车辆的行驶速度；
根据车辆的行驶速度控制车载蓝牙设备向车卡蓝牙模块发送心跳请求的 频率；
车载蓝牙设备将所述频率发送给车卡蓝牙模块；
根据所述频率调整车卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙设备发送的心跳请求 时控制车卡的蓝牙模块关闭的时间阀值。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的一种乘车分段收费的方法， 其特征在于， 当车 辆的行驶速度降低到 0m/S~5m/s时， 车载蓝牙设备提高向车卡蓝牙模块发送 心跳请求的频率， 当车辆的行驶速度提高到 5m/s以上时， 车载蓝牙设备降低 向车卡蓝牙模块的发送心跳请求的频率。
8.—种乘车分段收费的系统， 其特征在于， 该系统包括：
为乘客所携带的车卡， 所述车卡包括蓝牙模块、 RFID标签以及对蓝牙模 块供电的供电模块；
车载 GPS定位装置， 用于获取车辆在任一时刻的地理位置坐标； 设置于车辆上的 RFID读取器， 用于读取存储在 RFID标签中的车卡蓝牙 模块蓝牙识别码；
设置于车辆上的处理装置， 用于获取 RFID读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块 蓝牙识另 'J码时的车辆的地理位置坐标；
位于车辆上并且信号覆盖整个车厢的车载蓝牙设备用于向车卡蓝牙模块 WO 2013/091287 +π i.i -+÷ - - PCT/CN2012/070154
权 利 要 求 书 发送心跳请求；
所述处理装置获取车卡蓝牙模块离线时的车辆的地理位置坐标； 所述处理装置计算从 RFID读取器读取到该车卡蓝牙模块蓝牙识别码到车 卡蓝牙模块离线车辆行驶的距离；
车载无线远程通信设备，用于将所述车卡蓝牙模块的蓝牙识别码以及车辆 行驶的距离发送给远程服务器；
远程服务器，用于计算用户乘车所产生的费用并且从与车卡蓝牙模块的蓝 牙识别码相对应的账户中扣费。
9.根据权利要求 8所述的乘车分段收费的系统， 其特征在于， 所述车卡还 包括控制模块， 在车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标签合法后， 所述控制模块控 制用户手持车卡的蓝牙模块启动；
在一定的时间内， 车卡蓝牙模块未接收到车载蓝牙设备发送的心跳请求 时， 所述控制模块控制车卡的蓝牙模块关闭。
10.根据权利要求 8或 9所述的乘车分段收费的系统， 其特征在于， 所述 车载 RFID读取器包括音视频信号指示装置， 车载 RFID读取器验证 RFID标 签的合法性后， 所述音视频信号指示装置给出相对应的音视频信号。
PCT/CN2012/070154 2011-12-22 2012-01-09 乘车分段收费的方法和系统 WO2013091287A1 (zh)

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