Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
  • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
  • G07C9/00944—Details of construction or manufacture
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H2223/00—Casings
  • H01H2223/002—Casings sealed
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
  • H01H9/0214—Hand-held casings
  • H01H9/0235—Hand-held casings specially adapted for remote control, e.g. of audio or video apparatus

Definitions

• the invention relates to a mobile identification transmitter for activation of a safety system of a motor vehicle, in particular an access and / or driving authorization system, with a housing in which an electronic unit is arranged, which can be brought into communication with the motor vehicle side safety system, and at least one user-accessible actuator , which is suitable for activating an electrical component of the electronics.
• DE 10 2009 022 077 A1 discloses a mobile identification transmitter with actuating elements which are suitable for activating an electrical component of an electronic system which is located inside the mobile identification transmitter.
• the actuating element is designed on its outer side with a metallization layer. This lifts everyone Actuating clearly and shiny metallic from the plastic of the rest of the identification transmitter and gives a so-called "cool touch effect", which suggests a high-quality impression the user.Furthermore, the actuator is glued on the inside with a sealing element In addition, often a mounting frame is necessary, which surrounds the individual actuating elements and which ensures the necessary attachment of the actuating elements on the housing of the identification transmitter.
• the object of the present invention is to avoid the abovementioned disadvantages, in particular to provide a mobile identification transmitter which has the smallest possible number of components, whereby the manufacturing effort can be reduced and at the same time gives the identification transmitter a high-quality impression for the user.
• the actuating element is formed from a base body made of plastic, wherein the actuating element has on the outside a metallic coating and an inner surface which faces the electronics and is designed with at least one metal-free surface, and a sealing element made of a flexible plastic between the electronics and the Actuating element is arranged, wherein the free surface of the actuating element is attached to the sealing element.
• a special feature of the invention is that the actuating element is formed with a basic body made of plastic, wherein the user accessible and visible outside of the actuating element has a metallic coating. As a result, on the one hand good haptic properties are created upon actuation of the actuating element.
• the actuating element in particular the base body, can be reliably fastened to the sealing element inside the housing due to its metal-free surface.
• a fastening of the actuating element at its free surface is sufficient to produce or provide a mobile identification transmitter, in which a reliable hold of the actuating element on the housing of the identification transmitter is ensured.
• the free surface of the actuating element can be materially connected to the sealing element.
• the actuating element can rest only on the adjacent housing without an additional attachment is necessary, which means that the cohesive bond between the sealing element and the free surface is sufficient for the actuating element is held within the housing of the identification transmitter.
• the invention comprises a mobile identification transmitter, in which a latching connection holds the free surface of the actuating element on the sealing element.
• the latching connection does not attack directly on the metallic coating, which could cause any disturbances to the metallic coating.
• the invention may provide that the free surface of the actuating element is ultrasonically welded to the sealing element.
• the connection is made by heat, which is achieved by a high-frequency mechanical vibration, which arises between the components to be joined, here actuator and sealing element by molecular and interface friction.
• said vibrations are transmitted under pressure to the components to be connected.
• the free surface of the actuating element is hot gas welded to the sealing element, wherein the opposing surfaces, in particular the free surface of the actuating element and the sealing element are first plasticized by hot gas and then joined together under pressure.
• the plastication takes place without contact via hot gas, which flows directly into the joining zones.
• nitrogen is used as an inert gas, whereby oxidation of the melts is almost completely excluded during the plasticizing time.
• the free surface is laser welded to the sealing element.
• one of the joining partners ie the sealing element or the main body, is made of a material that is transparent to laser radiation.
• the other joining partner is formed from a material that is designed to be absorbent for laser radiation.
• the joint to be joined together material to be joined that is, the sealing element and the base body made of a thermoplastic material.
• the energy of the laser radiation can be introduced through the bonding partner transparent to the laser radiation into the joint plane in which the surfaces of sealing element and base body to be joined are located.
• the joining plane is the boundary layer area between the two joining partners.
• the electromagnetic energy from the absorbing joining partner can be converted almost lossless into heat energy.
• the introduced energy leads to plasticization of the absorbent joining partner.
• the transparent joining partner is also plasticized.
• sufficient heat transfer can be ensured.
• a thin melt film 10 to 400 ⁇ m advantageously results. Due to the contactless and local limited energy input via the laser radiation thermal damage to the sealing element and the base body is prevented. Also, mechanical stresses are avoided because the sealing element and the body during the introduction of energy and the cooling process no relative movement to each other Experienced.
• the achievable cohesive connection is characterized by its impermeability, strength and freedom from pores and, according to the material pairings of the joining partners to be joined, lies within the range of the basic material strength.
• C0 2 , Nd: YAG and diode lasers are particularly suitable for joining the main body and the sealing element.
• the wavelength of a C0 2 laser requires very short optical penetration depths into the joining partners, which are transparent to diode lasers. It has been shown that the optical penetration depth can be adjusted by large pigmentation of the joining partner.
• the laser welding is characterized by a negligible workstation load compared to other bonding techniques, such as bonding, where vapors can escape.
• the emission wavelengths of the laser radiation are in a range of approximately 800 to 1000 nm, which can be transported, for example, by optical glass fibers.
• the fiberglass insert allows easy integration of laser and processing optics z. B.
• both amorphous and partially crystalline thermoplastics can be welded as joining partner material.
• glass fibers cause the laser radiation to scatter, depending on the size and concentration of the glass fibers as well as the component dimensions, glass fiber reinforced plastics can also be welded.
• the interconnected joint partners can be made of thermoplastic materials.
• the joining partners are firm and hard.
• heat conduction occurs due to the resulting high temperatures> 100 °.
• the thermoplastics soften and melt.
• the following thermoplastics are particularly suitable as material for the joining partners to be joined: PA, PUR, POM, PC, PE-HD, PE-LD, PETP, PFEP, PTFE, PB, PPO, PVC-U, PVC-P, PS, SB , SAN, ABS, PMMA, CAB, PI. PVC, PTFE and PP are characterized by a comparably good corrosion resistance.
• the housing is made of at least two housing shells, wherein the actuating element is arranged in a recess of one of the housing shells, wherein the actuating element rests directly on the housing shell.
• the identification transmitter is formed on two sides, that is, on each housing shell with at least one actuating element.
• the electronics must be designed accordingly, so that upon actuation of each individual actuating element, the associated electrical component can be activated.
• the housing shells with each other are advantageously materially connected to each other, in particular, the housing shells are glued, laser welded or friction welded.
• the metallic coating is at least partially disposed on the inner surface of the actuating element.
• the free surface is provided on the inner surface of the actuating element, whereby a not visible to the user attachment can be done with the sealing element.
• the entire inner surface of the actuating element is metalltiklos and thus forms a large area metall legilose free surface.
• different attachment points are provided, on which a cohesive connection between the base body and the sealing element is achieved. The cohesive connection can also be present over the entire surface between the base body and the sealing element.
• the invention may include that the metallic coating has a visible to the user design element, in particular a pictogram.
• the design element may include a pattern, a letter, number. It is advantageous that a pictogram is present on the metallic coating, which represents, for example, an image representing a locking process or an unlocking process or a process for opening the boot.
• the design element can also be designed in such a way that it can additionally be felt by the user. This means that the design element, for example, projecting, can be raised on the metallic coating.
• the invention also includes the following possibility that the Design element is embedded in the metallic coating, so that the contour of the design element is groove-shaped within the metallic coating.
• the metallic coating is a chromium coating. It is also conceivable that the metallic coating is an aluminum coating or ruthenium coating. These coatings may, for example, be applied by a plating or PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) method.
• PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
• the actuating element may have on the outside of the metallic coating at least one further metal-free surface, wherein in particular the base body and / or the sealing element is transparent / are.
• This metal-free surface on the outside metallic coating can form a design element that is visible to the user. The visibility can be further enhanced by the fact that this metal-free surface can be illuminated on the outside metallic coating.
• the base body and / or the sealing element are translucent.
• the light element may advantageously be an LED or an OLED.
• the sealing element has an integrated light element, so that the sealing element simultaneously serves as a light source.
• the metallic coating has a protective layer.
• the metallic coating of the actuating element may be provided with the protective layer, which is for example a protective and / or decorative lacquer.
• the protective layer can change or improve the corrosion resistance of the actuating element, at the same time improving the appearance of the metallic coating.
• the invention includes the further possibility that the base body is a two-component injection-molded part, wherein the first component is formed of a galvanisable plastic and the second component of a non-galvanisable Plastic is formed.
• electroplating may take place, so that the metallic coating can be reliably applied to the base body.
• the metall legilose free surface results on the second component, which is formed of a non-galvanisable plastic.
• such a sequence can be adhered to in the production of the two-component injection-molded part of the main body, in which first that plastic component is sprayed whose plastic material must be processed at a higher temperature, that generally has the higher melting point, and in one subsequent process step, which is molded at a lower temperature to be processed second plastic component to the preferably already completely solidified first plastic component.
• polycarbonate has proved to be a particularly suitable plastic A for the formation of the non-galvanisable body part of the body.
• this material has the advantage that it is particularly suitable as a light guide.
• PC can be well doped with light-scattering particles, which can be achieved in the actuator particularly homogeneous light distribution.
• the materials polyamide, ABS or an ABS / polycarbonate blend have z. B. proved to be particularly suitable plastics B to form the electroplated layer.
• a highly resilient mechanical connection of the part body with the electroplatable layer results when the electroplatable layer consists of an ABS / polycarbonate blend and the partial body made of polycarbonate.
• the metallic coating can be formed from a plurality of metal layers, and it is also conceivable that the tendency of the metallic coating to scratch can be reduced or the abrasion on the metallic coating can be reduced can be.
• the above-mentioned invention is achieved by a method for producing a mobile identification transmitter, which serves to activate a safety system of a motor vehicle.
• the identification transmitter is designed with the following features: A housing, in which an electronic unit is arranged, which can be brought into communication with the motor vehicle-side safety system, at least one user-accessible actuating element, which is suitable for activating an electrical component of the electronics, the actuating element, which is formed from a base body made of plastic and on the outside a metallic coating, wherein the actuating element has an inner surface which faces the electronics and is designed with at least one metal-free surface, made of a flexible plastic sealing element, which is arranged between the electronics and the actuating element.
• the method according to the invention comprises the following steps: a) Production of the base body made of plastic
• the above-mentioned invention is achieved by a method for producing a mobile identification transmitter, which serves to activate a safety system of a motor vehicle.
• the identification transmitter is designed with the following features:
• a housing in which an electronic unit is arranged, which can be brought into communication with the motor vehicle-side safety system, at least one user-accessible actuating element, which is suitable for activating an electrical component of the electronics, the actuating element, which is formed from a plastic base body and has a metallic coating on the outside, the actuating element having an inner surface which faces the electronics and is designed with at least one metal-free surface;
• the method according to the invention comprises the following steps: a) Production of the main body (21) made of plastic
• connection of the actuating element with the sealing element via a hot gas welding which behaves, for example, insensitive with respect to manufacturing tolerances, since slight deviations of the components to be connected from the given shape are unproblematic.
• actuating element and the sealing element are held via a corresponding receptacle and spaced from each other.
• a heating element is introduced, which heats the mutually facing surfaces which are to be joined together. This is advantageously effected by hot gas, which is directed to the surfaces to be joined, preferably with corresponding nozzles.
• nitrogen gas or another inert gas is used as the working gas in order to heat-soften or plasticize and / or melt the regions of the actuating element, in particular the Open space and the sealing element to protect against oxidation or reaction with other elements.
• nitrogen gas or another inert gas is used as the working gas in order to heat-soften or plasticize and / or melt the regions of the actuating element, in particular the Open space and the sealing element to protect against oxidation or reaction with other elements.
• the heating element is moved out of the intermediate space between the components to be joined and the receptacles are moved towards one another with the actuating element and the sealing element, so that the surfaces to be connected come into contact with each other.
• the recordings are held against each other with a predetermined pressure, so that the components to be joined are pressed against each other with the appropriate pressure.
• the method according to the invention also includes that the actuating element and the sealing element can already be preheated in order to shorten the heating of the regions to be welded by the hot gas.
• the actuating element and the sealing element can already be preheated in order to shorten the heating of the regions to be welded by the hot gas.
• one or both components to be joined are introduced in a preheating furnace or the surfaces of the areas to be welded are heated by infrared radiation.
• the metallization of the base body according to step b) can be carried out in a galvanization process or in a physical and / or chemical vapor deposition process, wherein in particular the complete outer surface of the base body is metallized.
• metallization can take place according to the following process steps: palladium nucleation, reduction, chemical metallization, eg. B. by means of nickel or copper, and galvanic reinforcement, z. B. with chrome.
• the metallization is advantageously carried out by means of a physical deposition from the gas phase, for. B. by vapor deposition.
• the PVD method offers the possibility of direct metallization of the surface of the base body, wherein the metallic coating may consist of one or more superimposed identical or different metal layers. About the just-mentioned methods for metallization, it is possible to selectively create metal-free open spaces on the body.
• materials or materials with lower surface energies can be coated.
• the surface energies of the materials are activated by means of a plasma, whereby a very good adhesion to polymers is produced.
• a gas or gas mixture may be subjected to an electrical gas discharge in a vacuum. In this case, electrodes, ions, radicals, etc.
• a direct metallization can take place, in which a chromium and / or aluminum layer can be produced in a described embodiment.
• the invention also includes the idea of the invention that after the metallization according to step b), a partial area of the metallic coating on the inner surface of the actuating element is removed. This means that in the metallization step, the complete base body is coated metallically. The necessary metal-free spaces are then produced by means of a metallic ablation. It is conceivable that a laser carries out the removal of the metallic coating, wherein in particular the same laser is subsequently used in step d).
• a design element is applied, in particular by means of a laser ablation.
• the main body is provided on its surface with a design element. This design element protrudes protruding out of the surface of the body.
• the base body is formed of the same material with the design element.
• the free surface is heated with a higher hot gas temperature than the sealing element.
• different hot gas temperatures make sense if the actuating element, in particular the base body and the sealing element are formed of different plastic materials.
• the sealing element is formed with a corresponding soft component, so that the material of the main body of the actuating element has a higher hardness than the sealing element.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a mobile identification transmitter with two actuating elements, which are provided with a metallic coating
• Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment of an actuating element according to
• FIG. 1 A first figure.
• Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a mobile identification transmitter with two
• FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an actuating element according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an actuating element according to FIG. 1
• FIG. 6 shows a further alternative embodiment of an actuating element according to FIG. 1
• Figure 7 shows a still further embodiment of an actuating element according to
• FIG. 1 A first figure.
• FIG. 8 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an actuating element according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 9 is a purely schematic view of the process steps for the production
• Figure 10 is a schematic view of a motor vehicle, which can be brought in communication with a mobile identification transmitter.
• FIG. 10 schematically illustrates a motor vehicle 2 which is equipped with a security system 3, which may include an access and / or driving authorization system.
• a security system 3 which may include an access and / or driving authorization system.
• the safety system 3 can be activated, for example, which means that, for example, the motor vehicle 2 can be locked and / or unlocked. It is also conceivable that via a corresponding actuating element on the identification transmitter 1 of the boot lid can be opened.
• the identification transmitter 1 can be formed according to Figure 1 from a housing 10, which is composed of a first housing shell 1 1 and a second housing shell 12. Within the housing 10 is an electronics 40, which can be addressed via two actuators 20. It is also conceivable that the identification transmitter 1 has only one actuating element 20 or a large number of actuating elements 20, that is, three or more actuating elements 20. In order for the electronics 40 to be reliably sealed, a sealing element 13 is arranged between the actuating elements 20 and the electronics 40. The sealing element 13 consists of a soft component made of plastic.
• the sealing element 13 is simultaneously in the direction Electronics 40 deformed, wherein the electronics 40 comprises electrical components 41, which can be addressed via an actuation of the actuating element 20, switched.
• the electrical component 41 may, for. As a button, switch, microswitch.
• the electrical component 41 is located on a circuit board 42 of the electronics 40.
• the electrical component 41 can be activated, whereupon different actions with respect to the communication between the identification transmitter 1 and the motor vehicle 2 can be started.
• the mobile identification transmitter 1 can be equipped with a transmitting and / or receiving unit in order to reliably communicate with the motor vehicle 2, in particular with a transmitting and / or receiving unit on the motor vehicle side.
• the actuating element 20 is formed according to all other embodiments of the invention from a base body 21 made of plastic, which is illustrated for example in Figure 2.
• the outside of the main body 21 has a metallic coating 30.
• the attachment of the actuating element 20 is located on the inner surface 22 of the base body 21 and that on the inner surface 22 open spaces 23 are provided, which are metall legilos.
• the base body 21 is integrally connected to the sealing element 13. In the illustrated embodiments, the base body 21 is laser-welded to the sealing element 13 on the three surfaces 23.
• FIG. 3 shows by way of example that the outside of the actuating element 20 on its metallic coating 30 can have a design element 24 in the form of a pictogram.
• the lower actuator 20, however, serves to unlock the motor vehicle-side safety system 3.
• the actuators 20 are in a recess 14 of the housing 10.
• the actuators 20 directly to the upper housing shell 1 1, wherein the actual attachment is present on the inside of the open spaces 23.
• the metallic coating 30 is not only arranged on the visible outer surface of the actuating element 20, but also at least partially present on the inner surface 22. Only at the attachment points, which are defined by the free surfaces 23, there is no metallic coating.
• the inner surface 22 is completely formed without metal layers as an open surface 23, which is shown for example in Figure 7 and in Figure 8.
• the actuating element 20 according to FIG. 2, FIGS. 4 to 6, may be completely metal-free on the inner surface 22.
• FIGS. 4 to 6 show possible alternative embodiments of a design element 24 which may be present on the outside of the actuating element 20.
• the base body 21 has the respective design element 24 on its surface.
• the metallic coating 30 is located above the surface of the main body 21, wherein on the surface of the metallic coating 30 also the design element 24 is formed, which is visible to the user.
• the design element 24 is projectingly formed on the metallic coating 30 so that the user can not only see the design element 24 but also feel it.
• the surface of the body 21 is executed plan.
• the metallic coating 30 has, on the outside of the actuating element 20, metal-free open surfaces 33 which create a design element 24 for the user.
• the electronics 40 have light elements 43 in the form of LEDs, which provide illumination of the metal-layer-free open areas 33.
• FIG. 7 schematically shows that the metal layer 30 can be formed from a plurality of metal layers 32.
• a protective layer 31 covers the metallic coating 30.
• the protective layer 31 may also be present according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 or FIG. 8.
• the base body 21 is a two-component injection molded part, wherein the first component 21 a is formed of a galvanisable plastic and the second Component 21 b is formed from a non-galvanisable plastic.
• the metallization of the main body 21 can take place via a galvanization process or a physical and / or chemical vapor deposition process, in particular PVD processes.
• a metallization of the base body 21 in a first step, it is conceivable that the complete base body 21 is coated with a metallic coating 30.
• a defined area of the metallic coating 30 can be removed, for example via a laser, so that open spaces 23 are formed.
• the metallization of the main body 21 can take place such that only the first component 21 a is provided with the metallic coating 30 during the galvanization. Since the second component 21 b of the main body 21 is not galvanisable, the entire surface of the second component 21 b of the main body 21 remains free of metal film. Thus, according to FIG. 8, no further step is necessary for removing a partial area of the metallic coating 30 on the inner surface 22 of the actuating element 20.
• step 2 of FIG. 9 the base body 21 including its metallic coating 30 is laid in the recess 14 of the housing 10 (step 3). Subsequently, a laser welding of the actuating element 20 takes place on its inner surface 22, namely on the metal-free surface 23, so that a material-locking connection between the light element 13 and the base body 21 is formed (see step 4).
• step 4 the production of the main body 21 follows in an injection molding process (step 1). In all figures, the areas A are shown, which simplify the cohesive connection between the base body 21 and the sealing element 13 represent.
• step 3 plasticizing of an open surface 23 of the actuating element 20 and / or of a partial region of the sealing element 13 takes place by hot gas, and then in step 4 the actuating element 20 and the sealing element 13 are joined together, in particular with a defined force.
• Steps 1 and 2 have already been described above, so that at this point only reference is made.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
• Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=47351666

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2011
  • 2011-12-12 DE DE201110056299 patent/DE102011056299A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2012
  • 2012-12-11 EP EP12799186.7A patent/EP2791917B1/de active Active
  • 2012-12-11 CN CN201280061132.4A patent/CN103988235B/zh active Active
  • 2012-12-11 WO PCT/EP2012/075114 patent/WO2013087640A1/de active Application Filing

Patent Citations (5)

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