WO2013086995A1 - 天线装置、基站及通信系统 - Google Patents

天线装置、基站及通信系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2013086995A1
WO2013086995A1 PCT/CN2012/086547 CN2012086547W WO2013086995A1 WO 2013086995 A1 WO2013086995 A1 WO 2013086995A1 CN 2012086547 W CN2012086547 W CN 2012086547W WO 2013086995 A1 WO2013086995 A1 WO 2013086995A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
active
module
vibrator
antenna device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/086547
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒲涛
何平华
孙德文
孙伟华
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP12857587.5A priority Critical patent/EP2784876B1/en
Priority to KR1020147019069A priority patent/KR101586295B1/ko
Publication of WO2013086995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013086995A1/zh
Priority to US14/304,494 priority patent/US9979093B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/185Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are plane
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0025Modular arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0087Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them

Definitions

  • Antenna device base station and communication system
  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of mobile communications, and more particularly, to antenna devices, base stations, and communication systems. Background technique
  • RRU Remote Radio Unit
  • Antenna The early product architecture of wireless distributed base station systems was generally "RRU (Remote Radio Unit) + Antenna", where the antenna was a passive unit.
  • RRU+antenna The above “RRU+antenna” method generally has three connection implementation forms, namely:
  • the RRU is at the bottom of the tower, the antenna is on the tower, and the two are connected by cables;
  • the RRU is on the tower, close to the antenna, installed at the bottom or the back of the antenna, and connected by cables;
  • the RRU is directly on the antenna, and is blindly inserted into the antenna or connected by a cable.
  • the RRU is usually directly behind the antenna.
  • One of the antennas can carry one RRU module or multiple RRU modules.
  • the RRU is connected to the antenna via a cable or through a blind plug connection. Both connections require a waterproof design.
  • the evolution trend of the later products is the integrated integration of the RRU and the antenna.
  • the antenna system integrated with the passive antenna and the passive antenna is generally called AAS (Active Antenna System), which will serve as the RRU of the active unit.
  • the base station antenna of the source unit is integrated into one module to be integrated, thereby being integrally installed and maintained.
  • the side on which the RRU as the active unit is located is referred to as the active side
  • the side on which the antenna as the passive unit is located is referred to as the antenna side.
  • the present invention provides an antenna device that simplifies field replacement and maintenance operations and meets different product portfolio requirements.
  • an antenna device comprising: an antenna portion including a common radome; an active portion coupled to the antenna portion, including at least one active module, each active module including at least one antenna element, and each a vibrator reflector and a phase shifter corresponding to the antenna elements, wherein the vibrator reflector of the at least one active module is used to implement an antenna function; a common portion is connected to the active portion and the antenna portion, At least one active module of the active portion is shared, the common portion including at least one common module.
  • a base station including the antenna device described above.
  • a communication system including the base station described above.
  • the above antenna device can solve the problem that the overall replacement and maintenance of the antenna device in the prior art is difficult, and can be flexibly configured to meet different product combination requirements.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of another antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a backplane connection of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which a partial vibrator is mounted in advance in an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a state in which an active module and a passive module are mounted in an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single replaceable active module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna device with a single replaceable active module mounted in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna device in which a single replaceable active module is mounted, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna device in which a single replaceable active module is mounted, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the RRU is integrated with the antenna, and the RRU and the antenna are integrated into one body, and the overall installation and maintenance are large, due to their large size and weight. It makes it difficult to replace and maintain the site.
  • the antenna length may reach 2m, or even 2.6m, and the overall weight may exceed 40kg.
  • the overall installation and maintenance operation is difficult and requires more People (usually 3 to 4 people) operate on the tower, and even some scenes require a crane, which is costly and difficult to operate.
  • the integrated integration of the RRU and the antenna cannot be flexibly configured to meet the product combination requirements.
  • the AAS must be completely removed. After maintenance or replacement, the whole installation is relatively cumbersome and costly.
  • Cube AAS Cube (cube) scheme
  • the RRU is made into a number of individual small units, and each individual small unit is made into a medium frequency, RF, power amplifier, and dual
  • the complete unit of the tool, vibrator, reflector and feed network is combined into a product application according to the requirements of the external power supply and the common intermediate frequency board.
  • Cube refers to a single unit, including the complete content from the vibrator to part of the IF board, which can be flexibly configured and used with common modules.
  • the entire antenna device may not be an active antenna system.
  • the antenna device includes a multi-column antenna, only a few of the antennas may be active antennas, while other columns The antenna is a passive antenna to meet the needs.
  • this Cube solution cannot support the integration of active antennas and passive antennas, resulting in waste of resources in the above cases. and, Because each individual small unit Cube should be waterproof and heat-dissipated separately, it must be waterproof and heat-dissipated after the overall combination, and also support the Cube field replacement, so this AAS Cube solution is very waterproof and heat-reducing. complex.
  • an antenna device in a wireless distributed base station system. After the antenna device is integrally mounted, when there is a need for maintenance or expansion and spread spectrum, the antenna may not be removed.
  • the active module, passive module or common module can be maintained directly on the tower.
  • the active module and the passive module can be replaced with each other to meet different product requirements, and, according to actual needs, maintenance Divided granularity of active and passive modules.
  • an antenna apparatus 100 includes an antenna portion 101, an active portion 102, and a common portion 103.
  • Antenna portion 101 includes a common radome 104.
  • the active portion 102 is coupled to the antenna portion 101 and includes at least one active module 105.
  • Each active module 105 includes at least one antenna element, a vibrator reflector corresponding to each antenna element, and a radio frequency module, wherein at least one active device
  • the vibrator reflector of module 105 is used to implement the antenna function.
  • the common portion 103 may be a non-independently disposed portion or a separately set portion.
  • the functions implemented by the active portion 103 may be implemented by the respective active modules 105 to achieve their functions.
  • the modules may be distributed among the various active modules 105, such as in a radio frequency module in each of the active modules 105.
  • the common portion 103 is independently provided, the common portion 103 is connected to the active portion 102 and the antenna portion 101, and the common portion 103 includes at least one common module 106.
  • the common radome 104 is shared by the antenna elements included in the antenna device 100.
  • Each active module 105 can also include a phase shifter corresponding to each antenna element.
  • the antenna portion 101 has no reflection plate, and the vibrator reflection plates of the active module 102 can be combined to realize the function of the reflection plate of the entire antenna portion.
  • the common module when the common parts are independently set, some common parts of each active module 105 in the active part 102 are separated from each active module 105 to form a separate common module.
  • the separate common module may include, for example, a public power source and a common intermediate frequency.
  • phase shifters included in the antenna portion 101 can implement active and passive resonators, which are not possible with the above Cube scheme.
  • active and passive resonators which will be detailed below. Detailed description.
  • the above antenna device can solve the problem that the overall replacement and maintenance of the antenna device in the prior art is difficult, and can be flexibly configured to meet different product combination requirements.
  • each active module 105 the antenna elements included in each active module 105, the corresponding vibrator reflectors and phase shifters, and the radio frequency module are not shown.
  • the antenna elements included in each active module 105, the corresponding vibrator reflectors and phase shifters, and the radio frequency module are not shown.
  • a single replaceable active module will be described. The schematic structure and implementation are described in detail.
  • the antenna portion may also include a main reflector for collectively implementing the antenna function together with the vibrator reflector of the active module.
  • 2 is a schematic block diagram of another antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna device 200 includes an antenna portion 201, an active portion 202, and a common portion 203.
  • the antenna portion 201 includes a common radome 204 and a main reflector 207.
  • the active portion 202 is connected to the antenna portion 201 and includes at least one active module 205.
  • Each active module 205 includes at least one antenna element, a vibrator reflector and a phase shifter corresponding to each antenna element, and a radio frequency module.
  • the vibrator reflector of the active module 205 and the main reflector 207 of the antenna portion 201 together implement an antenna function.
  • the common part 203 may be a non-independently set part or a separately set part.
  • the functions implemented by the active part 105 may be implemented by the respective active modules 105 to realize their functions.
  • the modules may be distributed among the various active modules 105, such as in a radio frequency module in each of the active modules 105.
  • the common portion 203 is connected to the active portion 202 and the antenna portion 201, including at least one common module 206.
  • the common radome 204 is shared by the antenna elements included in the antenna device 200.
  • the antenna elements included in each of the active modules 205, the corresponding vibrator reflectors and phase shifters, and the radio frequency module are not shown for the sake of convenience.
  • the configuration of the single replaceable active module of the antenna device shown in Fig. 2 is similar to that of Fig. 1, both of which are specifically described below.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a backplane connection of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • CM Common Module
  • FIG. 3 The number of active modules 105 and common modules 106 illustrated in FIG. 3 does not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, but may be divided according to actual needs, such as the number of antenna elements, network configuration, and weight requirements for field replacement.
  • the number of modules 105 and common modules 106 The same portions in Fig. 3 as those in Fig. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. As shown in FIG.
  • the active module 105 and the common module 106 are connected by a backplane 34 mounted on the antenna side, and the respective active modules 105 are also connected through the backplane 34, specifically
  • the connection may be blind or cable connected, and embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit this.
  • the antenna portion generally includes a radome, a main reflector, and a plurality of antenna elements respectively corresponding to the plurality of frequency bands.
  • substantially the antenna element on the antenna side of the existing active antenna device, and some or all of the main reflectors are also incorporated into the active module, thereby forming one with the active module. overall.
  • the existing antenna device in addition to all components of the radio frequency module including the active unit RRU in the existing antenna device, such as a radio frequency board and a filter, the existing antenna device is also included. Antenna vibrator, vibrator reflector in the antenna section.
  • the plurality of active modules 105 form a combination of M*N blocks, and M and N are positive integers.
  • a phase shifter may also be included.
  • the active module may further include a splitter and an interface connected to the active unit of the passive antenna, so that one antenna oscillator can simultaneously support the active antenna and the passive antenna.
  • the vibrator reflection plate can be optimized, which will be described later.
  • the active module and the passive module can be replaced with each other. Therefore, in the antenna device shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, at least one active module can be replaced with Passive module. For example, if a column of active modules is completely replaced with a passive module, then the column of passive modules will form a passive antenna with a corresponding column of antennas.
  • Passive module For example, if an active antenna and a passive antenna integrated architecture are formed in the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention, a certain column of passive antennas also needs to be connected to the RRU in the existing antenna device. Thereby realizing the function of the antenna.
  • the RF module can be removed from the active module, that is, the components of the active unit such as the RF board and the filter are removed, and only the antenna element and the vibrator are left. Reflector and phase shifter.
  • the antenna portion may include a skeleton of a column of antennas, and may also include a skeleton of two or more antennas.
  • the antenna portion includes a common radome, and may further include a main reflector.
  • the active reflector or the passive reflector of the passive module and the common reflector on the common antenna side can be used as an existing antenna device after being assembled and combined.
  • the role of the reflector plate in the middle antenna portion enables the function of the active antenna or the passive antenna.
  • the installation combination between the active reflector or the active reflector of the passive module and the main reflector of the antenna portion may not be limited.
  • the antenna portion may even only include a common radome.
  • the vibrator reflectors carried by the respective active modules are used to implement the functions of the antennas, and can be combined to form a present
  • There is a reflector in the antenna device that is, in this case, the antenna portion may not have a main reflector, and the function of the reflector is realized by the vibrator reflector of each active module.
  • the vibrator corresponding to the partial frequency band may be directly installed on the main reflector on the antenna side, thereby being connected to the radio frequency unit of the passive antenna to support The role of passive antennas. Further, in the case where the main reflector and the phase shifter corresponding to the vibrator are fixed to the antenna side, it is inconvenient to perform field replacement.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing a state in which a part of a vibrator is mounted in advance in an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the antenna element 46 can be installed in the antenna assembly 45 in advance, and the active modules A1 and A2 can be mounted to the antenna assembly, and the active modules A1 and A2 can be separately maintained in the field during maintenance or replace.
  • the active module or the passive module may be mounted to the antenna side
  • FIG. 5 is a case where the active module and the passive module are mounted in the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Schematic diagram As shown in Fig. 5, A1 denotes an active module, and P1 denotes a passive module, which can simultaneously mount A1 and P1 to the antenna side, thereby forming an integrated system of active antenna and passive antenna.
  • the antenna element in the active module can also support the passive antenna through the combiner and the phase shifter, for example, when the active module is installed In A1, A1 can be used in combination with a passive antenna as an active antenna in a certain frequency band.
  • the antenna element of the active module A1 is connected through an splitter, a phase shifter and an active unit connected to the passive antenna. It is connected to the RF unit of the passive antenna and can be used as a passive antenna in another frequency band.
  • the active module 10 includes a vibrator reflection plate 11, an antenna element 12, and a radio frequency module 13.
  • the vibrator reflection plate 11 has a first surface si and a second surface s2 opposite to the first surface si.
  • the first surface si of the vibrator reflection plate 11 is made of a conductive material.
  • the antenna element 12 is disposed on the first surface si of the vibrator reflection plate 11 and is electrically connected to the first surface si.
  • the radio frequency module 13 is disposed on the second surface s2 of the vibrator reflection plate 11 and is electrically connected to the antenna element 12.
  • the vibrator reflecting plate 11 may be in the shape of a flat plate as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the vibrator reflection plate 11 may include a side wall plate.
  • the side wall plate is located on the first surface si of the vibrating reflector 11.
  • the inner side of the side wall panel is made of a conductive material.
  • the side wall panels can be implemented to enclose or semi-enclose the antenna elements 12, for example, on one side, two sides, three sides or all sides of the antenna element 12, depending on actual needs.
  • the vibrator reflection plate 11 may constitute a complete reflection plate alone or together with the main reflection plate of the antenna device to form a convergent beam.
  • the vibrator reflection plate 11 may be a printed circuit board (PCB).
  • the first surface si of the vibrator reflection plate 11 is provided with a conductive material such as copper.
  • the vibrator reflection plate 11 is coupled with the main reflection plate of the antenna device, for example. Capacitive or conductive coupling is formed.
  • close contact is required, and there is no gap.
  • a feed network is disposed on the second surface s2 of the vibrator reflector 11.
  • the feed network can include at least one of a power splitter, a combiner, a coupler, and a phase shifter. These devices can be integrated to reduce cable routing and reduce insertion loss.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna device with a single replaceable active module mounted in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna device 20 of Fig. 7 includes an active module 21, a main reflector 22, and an radome 23.
  • FIG. 7 Only one opening of the main reflector 22 and one active module 21 mounted through the opening are depicted in Fig. 7, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the primary reflector 22 of Figure 7 is an optional component. In the case where the vibrator reflection plate of the antenna unit 21 can separately form a convergent beam, the main reflection plate 22 can be eliminated. For convenience of description, the following description will be made with the case where the antenna device has a main reflector.
  • the main reflector 22 of the embodiment of the present invention may be provided with at least one opening through which the at least one active module 21 is detachably mounted.
  • the radome 23 can be combined with the main reflector 22 They are combined or detachably mounted together.
  • the at least one active module 21 is detachably mounted through at least one opening from the side of the main reflector 22 facing the radome 23 (hereinafter referred to as the front surface of the main reflector 22)
  • the radome 23 is detachably mounted through at least one opening, respectively. It can be detached from the main reflector 22 to mount the active module 21.
  • the radome 23 is detachably mounted. It can be combined with the main reflector 22 or can be detachably mounted without affecting the installation of the active module 21.
  • the active module 21 is an example of the active module 10 of Fig. 6 as shown by the dashed box in Fig. 7, and therefore like parts will be denoted by like reference numerals, and the detailed description will be omitted as appropriate.
  • the active module 21 includes a vibrator reflection plate 11a, an antenna element 12a, and a radio frequency module 13a.
  • the vibrator reflection plate 11a is in the form of a flat plate, and may be, for example, a PCB.
  • a conductive material e.g., copper
  • the length and width dimensions of the vibrator reflection plate 11a of the active module 21 may be greater than or equal to the length and width dimensions of the opening on the main reflection plate 22.
  • the active module 21 further includes an insulating film 14 disposed on the first surface sla of the vibrator reflecting plate 11a.
  • the insulating film 14 may be green oil overlying the first surface sla.
  • the thickness of the insulating film 14 can be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 mm, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the numerical examples given herein.
  • the main reflection plate 22 is capacitively coupled with the vibrator reflection plate 11a of the active module 21, thereby being on the main reflection plate.
  • a radio frequency connection is formed between the 22 and the antenna element 12a, and a convergent beam is formed by means of the main reflection plate 22.
  • the vibrator reflection plate 11a of the active module 21 and the main reflection plate 22 are separated by an insulating film 14, but the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the insulating film 14 may be replaced by air, that is, the vibrator reflection plate 11a of the active module 21 and the main reflection plate 22 are separated by a gap, and the vibrator reflection plate 11a and the main reflection plate 22 may also be used. A capacitive coupling is formed between them.
  • the width of the gap can be set according to actual needs (for example, considering assembly tolerances, electrical specifications, etc.).
  • means for adjusting the coupling or isolation between the arrays and/or the vibrators may be provided on the main reflector 22, such as the riser portion of the main reflector shown in FIG. twenty four.
  • the second surface s2a of the vibrator reflection plate 11a is provided with a feeding The internet.
  • the feed network can include at least one of a power splitter, a combiner, a coupler, and a phase shifter. These devices can be integrated to reduce cable routing and reduce insertion loss.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna device in which a single replaceable active module is mounted, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna device 30 of Fig. 8 also does not require the insulating film 14, and the other portions are the same as those of Fig. 7, and therefore the same reference numerals are used.
  • the main reflector 22 is brought into contact with the vibrator reflector 11a of the active module 21 to form a conductive coupling.
  • the first surface sla of the vibrator reflection plate 11a and the main reflection plate 22 are made of a conductive material, and the two are in close contact. For example, by bolts, rivets, glues, etc., or the first surface sla and the upper surface of the main reflector 22 are sufficiently flat, the first surface sla and the main reflector 22 are bonded together, and a good electrical conductivity is formed. Coupling, such that the primary reflector 22 and the oscillator reflector 1 la are used together to form a converging beam.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna device in which a single replaceable active module is mounted, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna device 40 of Fig. 9 includes an active module 41, a main reflector 42 and an radome 43.
  • the configuration of the main reflection plate 42 and the radome 43 can be referred to the main reflection plate 22 and the antenna cover 23 in Figs. 7 and 8, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the vibrator reflection plate lib of the active module 41 includes a side wall plate 15.
  • the side wall plate 15 is located on the first surface sib of the vibrator reflection plate lib and surrounds the antenna element 12b.
  • the inner side of the side wall panel 15 is made of a conductive material.
  • the lower plate portion of the vibrator reflecting plate lib and the side wall plate 15 are integrally formed.
  • the upper end of the side wall panel 15 is higher than or equal to the lower end of the main reflector 42.
  • the upper end of the side wall panel 15 may be flush with the upper surface of the antenna element 12b to protect the vibrator during transportation, and may also take into account electrical and structural design requirements, above or below the upper surface of the antenna element 12b. .
  • the main reflector 42 is capacitively coupled to the vibrator reflector lib of the active module 41.
  • the vibrator reflection plate 1 ib of the active module 41 and the main reflection plate 42 are separated by a gap.
  • the gap between the main reflector 42 and the side of the vibrator reflector lib can be designed according to the actual situation, for example, Consider assembly tolerances, electrical indicators, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be similar to the embodiment of Fig. 8 such that the main reflection plate 42 is attached to the vibrator reflection plate lib of the antenna unit 41 to form a conductive coupling.
  • the active module 41 can be mounted from the back surface of the main reflection plate 42.
  • the radome 43 and the main reflector 42 may be combined or may be detachably mounted together.
  • the antenna unit 41 may be mounted from the front surface of the main reflection plate 42.
  • the length and width of the vibrator reflection plate lib may be smaller than the length and width of the opening of the main reflection plate 42, or may be greater than or equal to the length and width of the opening of the main reflection plate 42.
  • the radome 43 is detachably mounted with the main reflector 42.
  • the vibrator reflector lib and the main reflector 42 may be separated by a gap or an insulating film to form a capacitive coupling.
  • the vibrator reflector lib and the main reflector 42 may be bonded to form a conductive coupling.
  • the vibrator reflector lib and the main reflector 42 together form a convergent beam, which has a regulation effect on beam convergence.
  • means for adjusting the coupling or isolation between the arrays and/or the vibrators may be provided on the main reflector 42.
  • a base station includes the above antenna device.
  • a communication system includes the above base station.
  • the above describes an example of a single replaceable active module and an antenna device in which the module is mounted according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention by incorporating the antenna element, the vibrator reflection plate, and the phase shifter into the active module, the problem of overall replacement and maintenance in the AAS-bodyization scheme in the prior art can be solved. And can be flexibly configured to meet different product portfolio needs. Also, active modules and passive modules can be installed as needed to achieve active antenna and passive antenna integration applications.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明实施例提供了天线装置、基站及通信系统。该天线装置包括:天线部分,包括公共的天线罩;有源部分,与天线部分连接,包括至少一个有源模块,每个有源模块包括至少一个天线振子、与每个天线振子对应的振子反射板和移相器,其中,至少一个有源模块的振子反射板用于实现天线功能;公共部分,与有源部分和天线部分连接,由有源部分中的至少一个有源模块共用,公共部分包括至少一个公共模块。通过上述天线装置,可以灵活地配置每个射频模块,从而满足不同产品的组合需求,并进一步简化现场的更换和维护操作。

Description

天线装置、 基站及通信系统
本申请要求了 2011年 12月 13 日提交的, 申请号为 201110415173.6, 发 明名称为"天线装置、 基站及通信系统"的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内 容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及移动通信领域, 并且更具体地, 涉及天线装置、 基站 及通信系统。 背景技术
无线分布式基站系统早期的产品架构一般是 "RRU ( Remote Radio Unit: 射频拉远单元) +天线" 的方式, 其中天线是无源单元。 上述 "RRU+天线" 的方式一般有三种连接实现形式, 分别是:
1 ) RRU在塔底, 天线在塔上, 两者之间通过线缆连接;
2 ) RRU在塔上, 距离天线很近, 安装在天线底部或者后面, 两者之间 通过线缆连接;
3 )半集成方式, RRU 直接背在天线上, 与天线之间盲插或者通过线缆 连接。
对于 RRU与天线的半集成方式来说,一般是将 RRU直接背在天线背后, 其中一根天线可以背一个 RRU模块, 也可以背多个 RRU模块。 RRU与天线 之间通过线缆连接, 或者通过盲插连接, 这两种连接方式均需要做好防水设 计。
后期产品的演进趋势是 RRU与天线一体化集成, 这种 RRU与无源天线 集成的天线系统一般称为 AAS ( Active Antenna System: 有源天线系统), 其 将作为有源单元的 RRU与作为无源单元的基站天线集成在一个模块中 ,做成 一个整体, 从而整体安装与维护。 通常, 将作为有源单元的 RRU所在的一侧 称为有源侧, 而将作为无源单元的天线所在的一侧称为天线侧。 在安装具有 一体化架构的 AAS时, 只需要安装天线即可。
但是, 在上述 RRU和天线的集成方式的情况下,存在现场更换和维护的 困难, 并且难以满足不同的产品组合需求。 发明内容
本发明提供一种天线装置, 其能够简化现场的更换和维护操作, 并满足 不同的产品组合需求。
一方面, 提供了天线装置, 包括: 天线部分, 包括公共的天线罩; 有源 部分, 与所述天线部分连接, 包括至少一个有源模块, 每个有源模块包括至 少一个天线振子、 与每个天线振子对应的振子反射板和移相器, 其中, 所述 至少一个有源模块的振子反射板用于实现天线功能; 公共部分, 与所述有源 部分和所述天线部分连接, 由所述有源部分中的至少一个有源模块共用, 该 公共部分包括至少一个公共模块。
另一方面, 提供了基站, 包括上述天线装置。
再一方面, 提供了通信系统, 包括上述基站。
通过上述天线装置, 可以解决现有技术中天线装置的一体化方案中整体 更换和维护困难的问题, 并能够灵活配置从而满足不同的产品组合需求。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对实施例或现有技 术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图 仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造 性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是根据本发明实施例的天线装置的示意性框图;
图 2是根据本发明实施例的另一天线装置的示意性框图;
图 3是示出了根据本发明实施例的天线装置的背板连接的示意图; 图 4是根据本发明实施例的天线装置中部分振子提前安装好的情况的示 意图;
图 5是根据本发明实施例的天线装置中安装有源模块和无源模块的情况 的示意图;
图 6是根据本发明实施例的单个可更换的有源模块的示意截面图; 图 7是根据本发明一个实施例的安装了单个可更换的有源模块的天线装 置的示意截面图; 图 8是根据本发明另一实施例的安装了单个可更换的有源模块的天线装 置的示意截面图;
图 9是根据本发明又一实施例的安装了单个可更换的有源模块的天线装 置的示意截面图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创 造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
如之前所述的, 对于当前的无线分布式基站系统的 AAS来说, RRU与 天线一体化集成, 将 RRU与天线做成一个整体, 整体安装和维护, 由于其外 形尺寸和重量都比较大, 使得现场更换和维护都很困难。
例如, 在某些场景下, 如所述天线是低频天线时, 比如 800M 900M天 线, 其天线长度可能达到 2m, 甚至 2.6m, 整体重量也可能超过 40kg, 整体 安装维护的操作难度大, 需要多人(通常 3~4人)在塔上操作, 甚至某些场 景需要用到吊车, 成本高并且难操作。
并且,这种 RRU与天线一体化集成的方式不能灵活配置从而满足产品的 组合需求。 当 RRU出现故障需要维护或者有扩容等需求时, 必须将 AAS整 体拆下, 在维护或者更换后, 再整体安装, 操作相对麻烦, 且成本高。
另外, 提出了一种 AAS的 Cube (立方)方案, 在该 Cube方案中, 将 RRU做成了很多单独的小单元, 并将每个单独的小单元做成一个包含中频、 射频、 功放、 双工器、 振子、 反射板及馈电网络的完整单元, 通过外加的公 共电源及公共中频板, 按照需求组合成产品应用。 在上述方案中, Cube就是 指一个单独的单元, 包含从振子到部分中频板完整的内容, 可以灵活配置, 并且配合公共模块使用。
但是, 在某些情况下, 可能不需要整个天线装置都是有源天线系统, 例 如, 在天线装置包括多列天线的情况下, 可能仅需要其中几列天线是有源天 线, 而其它列的天线是无源天线即可满足需要。 但是, 这种 Cube方案不能够 支持有源天线和无源天线的集成, 从而在上述情况下造成资源的浪费。 并且, 因为每个单独的小单元 Cube要单独做防水和散热,整体组合后也要实现防水 和散热, 同时还要支持 Cube现场更换, 所以这种 AAS的 Cube方案在防水、 散热等细节方面实现起来很复杂。
因此, 在根据本发明的实施例中, 希望提供一种无线分布式基站系统中 的天线装置, 在该天线装置整体安装后, 当后续有维护或者扩容和扩频的需 求时, 可以不拆天线, 而直接在塔上维护有源模块、 无源模块或者公共模块 即可。
并且, 为了满足有源天线和无源天线集成的应用, 在根据本发明实施例 的天线装置中, 有源模块和无源模块可以互相更换, 从而满足不同的产品需 求, 并且, 根据实际需要维护有源模块和无源模块的划分颗粒度。
图 1是根据本发明实施例的天线装置的示意性框图, 如图 1所示, 天线 装置 100包括天线部分 101、有源部分 102和公共部分 103。 天线部分 101包 括公共的 天线罩 104。 有源部分 102与天线部分 101连接, 包括至少一个有 源模块 105 , 每个有源模块 105 包括至少一个天线振子、 与每个天线振子对 应的振子反射板以及射频模块, 其中, 至少一个有源模块 105的振子反射板 用于实现天线功能。 公共部分 103可以为非独立设置的部分, 也可以为独立 设置的部分, 当公共部分 103为非独立设置的部分时, 其所实现的功能可以 由各个有源模块 105分别实现, 实现其功能的模块可以分布在各个有源模块 105中, 比如分布在各个有源模块 105中的射频模块中。 公共部分 103独立 设置时, 公共部分 103与有源部分 102和天线部分 101连接, 公共部分 103 包括至少一个公共模块 106。 其中, 公共的天线罩 104 由所述天线装置 100 所包括的天线振子共用。
每个有源模块 105还可以包括与每个天线振子对应的移相器。
在上述方案中, 天线部分 101没有反射板, 可以靠有源模块 102的振子 反射板组合起来实现整个天线部分的反射板的功能。 并且, 对于公共模块来 说, 当公共部分独立设置时, 是将有源部分 102中每个有源模块 105中的一 些公共的部分从每个有源模块 105中分离出来, 组成单独的公共模块, 该单 独的公共模块例如可以包括公共电源和公共中频。
并且, 天线部分 101 中包括的移相器可以实现有源和无源的共振子, 这 是上述 Cube方案所无法实现的。 关于有源和无源的共振子,将在下面进行详 细描述。
通过上述天线装置, 可以解决现有技术中天线装置的一体化方案中整体 更换和维护困难的问题, 并能够灵活配置从而满足不同的产品组合需求。
在图 1的示意图中, 为了方便起见, 没有示出每个有源模块 105包括的 天线振子、 对应的振子反射板和移相器以及射频模块, 在下文中, 将对单个 可更换的有源模块的示意性结构和实现方式进行具体介绍。
此外, 在本发明的实施例中, 天线部分也可以包括主反射板, 用于与有 源模块的振子反射板一起共同实现天线功能。 图 2是根据本发明实施例的另 一天线装置的示意性框图, 如图 2所示, 天线装置 200包括天线部分 201、 有源部分 202和公共部分 203。 天线部分 201 包括公共的天线罩 204和主反 射板 207。 有源部分 202与天线部分 201连接, 包括至少一个有源模块 205 , 每个有源模块 205 包括至少一个天线振子、 与每个天线振子对应的振子反射 板和移相器以及射频模块,其中,有源模块 205的振子反射板与天线部分 201 的主反射板 207共同实现天线功能。公共部分 203可以为非独立设置的部分, 也可以为独立设置的部分, 当公共部分 203为非独立设置的部分时, 其所实 现的功能可以由各个有源模块 105分别实现, 实现其功能的模块可以分布在 各个有源模块 105中, 比如分布在各个有源模块 105中的射频模块中。 公共 部分独立设置时, 公共部分 203与有源部分 202和天线部分 201连接, 包括 至少一个公共模块 206。 其中, 公共的天线罩 204由所述天线装置 200所包 括的天线振子共用。
同样, 在图 2的示意图中, 为了方便起见,也没有示出每个有源模块 205 包括的天线振子、 对应的振子反射板和移相器以及射频模块。 并且, 图 2所 示的天线装置的单个可更换的有源模块的配置与图 1 的相似, 二者均在下文 中进行具体介绍。
图 3是示出了根据本发明实施例的天线装置的背板连接的示意图。 图 3 中 RF ( Radio Frequency: 射频)表示有源模块 105 , CM ( Common Module: 公共模块)表示公共模块 106。 图 3中例示的有源模块 105 和公共模块 106 的数目不对本发明实施例的范围构成限制, 而是可以根据实际需求, 如天线 振子的数量, 网络配置及现场更换的重量需求, 划分有源模块 105和公共模 块 106的数目。 图 3中与图 1相同的部分使用相同的附图标记表示。 如图 3所示, 在本发明的实施例中, 有源模块 105和公共模块 106通过 装在天线侧的背板 34连接,并且各个有源模块 105之间也通过背板 34连接, 具体的连接方式可以釆用盲插或者线缆连接, 本发明的实施例并不意在对此 进行任何限制。
在现有的有源天线装置中, 天线部分通常包括天线罩、 主反射板、 分别 与多个频段对应的多个天线振子。 在本发明实施例的天线装置中, 实质上将 现有的有源天线装置中天线侧的天线振子、 以及部分或全部主反射板也并入 了有源模块中, 从而与有源模块形成一个整体。 这样, 在根据本发明实施例 的每个有源模块中,除包括现有天线装置中的有源单元 RRU的射频模块的所 有组件, 例如射频板及滤波器之外, 还包括现有天线装置的天线部分中的天 线振子、 振子反射板。 并且, 根据实际情况, 多个有源模块 105形成 M*N块 的组合, M和 N为正整数。 在有源模块中, 还可以包括移相器。 此外, 有源 模块进一步还可以包括合分路器以及与无源天线的有源单元相连的接口, 从 而可以实现一个天线振子同时支持有源天线和无源天线。
在根据本发明实施例的有源模块中, 可以对振子反射板进行优化, 这将 在下文中进行描述。
在下文中, 将对单个可更换的有源模块的实现方式进行具体介绍。
如上所述, 在本发明实施例的天线装置中, 有源模块和无源模块可以互 相更换, 因此, 在如图 1-图 3所示的天线装置中, 可以将至少一个有源模块 更换为无源模块。 例如, 如果将某一列有源模块全部更换为无源模块, 那么 该列无源模块将与其对应的一列天线组成无源天线。 这里, 本领域技术人员 可以理解, 如果在根据本发明实施例的天线装置中形成有源天线和无源天线 集成的架构, 那么某列无源天线也需要与现有天线装置中的 RRU连接,从而 实现天线的功能。 如上所述, 在将有源模块更换为无源模块的情况下, 可以 从有源模块中去掉射频模块, 即去掉射频板及滤波器等有源单元的组件, 而 仅剩下天线振子、 振子反射板和移相器。
如上所述, 在本发明实施例的天线装置中, 天线部分可以包括一列天线 的骨架, 也可以包括两列以上天线的骨架, 天线部分包含公用的天线罩, 还 可以包括主反射板。 在本发明的实施例中, 有源模块或者无源模块自带的振 子反射板与公共的天线侧的主反射板在安装组合后, 可以起到现有天线装置 中天线部分所带的反射板的作用, 从而实现有源天线或无源天线的功能。 在 本发明的实施例中, 可以不对有源模块或者无源模块自带的振子反射板与天 线部分的主反射板之间的安装组合方式进行任何限制。 并且, 本领域技术人 员也可以理解, 天线部分甚至可能仅包含公用的天线罩, 在这种情况下, 各 个有源模块所带的振子反射板用于实现天线的功能, 并可以结合起来构成现 有天线装置中的反射板, 也就是说, 在这种情况下, 天线部分可以不带主反 射板, 反射板的功能由各个有源模块的振子反射板实现。
在本发明的实施例中, 在某些情况下, 也可以将与部分频段对应的振子 直接在天线侧所具有的主反射板上安装好,从而与无源天线的射频单元相连, 起到支持无源天线的作用。 此外, 在与振子对应的主反射板及移相器已经固 定在天线侧的情况下, 不便进行现场更换。 图 4是根据本发明实施例的天线 装置中部分振子提前安装好的情况的示意图。 如图 4所示, 可以将天线振子 46提前安装在天线组件 45中, 并且, 可以将有源模块 A1和 A2安装到天线 组件, 有源模块 A1和 A2可以在维护过程中分别进行现场维护或更换。
这里, 如若部分无源振子, 如 800 900M的低频天线振子本身比较大, 不适合现场更换, 可以将这部分无源振子提前装好, 而不做现场安装或更换。
此外, 如上所述, 在本发明的实施例中, 可以将有源模块或无源模块安 装到天线侧, 图 5是根据本发明实施例的天线装置中安装有源模块和无源模 块的情况的示意图。 如图 5所示, A1表示有源模块, 且 P1表示无源模块, 可以同时将 A1和 P1安装到天线侧, 从而形成有源天线和无源天线集成的系 统。 并且, 当根据本发明实施例的天线装置中安装有源模块时, 通过合分路 器以及移相器, 有源模块中的天线振子也可以同时支持无源天线, 例如, 当 安装有源模块 A1时, A1可以与无源天线组合用作某一频段的有源天线, 同 时, 有源模块 A1 的天线振子通过合分路器、 移相器以及与无源天线的有源 单元相连的接口与无源天线的射频单元相连,可以用作另一频段的无源天线, 同。
通过有源模块和无源模块的互换, 同一列天线是可以同时支持有源和无 源共用的, 只是两者频段不一样, 并且, 该有源、 无源共振子的实现也是前 述 Cube方案所不具备的功能。 下面, 将对单个可更换的有源模块的实现方式进行具体介绍。 图 6是根 据本发明实施例的单个可更换的有源模块的示意截面图。 如图 6所示, 有源 模块 10包括振子反射板 11、 天线振子 12和射频模块 13。 振子反射板 11具 有第一表面 si和与第一表面 si相背的第二表面 s2。振子反射板 11的第一表 面 si为导电材料制成。 天线振子 12设置在振子反射板 11的第一表面 si上, 与第一表面 si电连接。 射频模块 13设置在振子反射板 11的第二表面 s2上, 与天线振子 12电连接。
可选地,作为一个实施例,振子反射板 11可以是如图 6所示的平板形状。 但是本发明实施例不限于此。 振子反射板 11可以包括侧壁板。 侧壁板位于振 子反射板 11的第一表面 si上。 侧壁板的内侧为导电材料制成。 根据实际需 要, 侧壁板可实现为包围或半包围天线振子 12 , 例如, 位于天线振子 12的 一侧、 双侧、 三侧或四周。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 振子反射板 11可以单独或者和天线装置的主 反射板一起构成完整的反射板, 形成收敛波束。 例如, 振子反射板 11可以是 印刷电路板(PCB , Printed Circuit Board )„ 振子反射板 11的第一表面 si铺 设导电材料, 如铜。 振子反射板 11与天线装置的主反射板形成耦合, 例如形 成电容耦合或者导电耦合。 这里, 主要是由于无源互调问题, 需要紧密接触, 而不能有缝隙。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 振子反射板 11的第二表面 s2上设置馈电网 络。 馈电网络可包括功分器、 合路器、 耦合器和移相器等中的至少一种, 这 些器件可以集成在一起, 减少电缆走线, 降低插损。
图 7是根据本发明一个实施例的安装了单个可更换的有源模块的天线装 置的示意截面图。 图 7的天线装置 20包括有源模块 21、 主反射板 22和天线 罩 23。
图 7中只描绘了主反射板 22的一个开口和穿过该开口安装的一个有源模 块 21 , 但本发明实施例不限于此。 应注意, 图 7的主反射板 22是可选的部 件。 在天线单元 21的振子反射板能够单独形成收敛波束的情况下, 可以取消 主反射板 22。为了描述方便,下面以天线装置具有主反射板的情况进行描述。
本发明实施例的主反射板 22可设置有至少一个开口,穿过上述至少一个 开口分别可拆卸地安装至少一个有源模块 21。 天线罩 23可以与主反射板 22 组合为一体或者可拆卸地安装在一起。 例如, 当从主反射板 22 面对天线罩 23的一面 (下面称为主反射板 22的正面), 穿过至少一个开口分别可拆卸地 安装至少一个有源模块 21的情况下,天线罩 23能够从主反射板 22上拆卸开, 以便安装有源模块 21。 或者, 当从主反射板 22背对天线罩 23的一面 (下面 称为主反射板 22的背面), 穿过至少一个开口分别可拆卸地安装至少一个有 源模块 21的情况下, 天线罩 23与主反射板 22可以组合为一体, 也可以可拆 卸地安装在一起, 均不影响有源模块 21的安装。
如图 7中的虚线框所示,有源模块 21是图 6的有源模块 10的一个例子, 因此相似的部分将使用相似的附图标记表示, 并适当省略详细描述。 在图 7 的实施例中,有源模块 21包括振子反射板 11a、天线振子 12a和射频模块 13a。 振子反射板 11a是平板形式的, 例如可以是 PCB。 振子反射板 11a的第一表 面 sla上铺导电材料(例如, 铜)作为地。
在图 7的实施例中,有源模块 21的振子反射板 11a的长宽尺寸可以大于 或等于主反射板 22上的开口的长宽尺寸。 有源模块 21还包括绝缘膜 14, 设 置在振子反射板 11a的第一表面 sla上。 例如, 绝缘膜 14可以是覆盖在第一 表面 sla之上的绿油。 绝缘膜 14的厚度可以根据实际需要而调整, 例如大于 0且小于或等于 2mm, 但本发明实施例不限于这里给出的数值例子。
通过绝缘膜 14, 如图 7所示, 有源模块 21在安装在主反射板 22的开口 中之后, 主反射板 22与有源模块 21的振子反射板 11a形成电容耦合, 从而 在主反射板 22和天线振子 12a之间形成射频连接, 借助于主反射板 22形成 收敛的波束。
图 7的实施例中有源模块 21的振子反射板 11a与主反射板 22之间通过 绝缘膜 14隔开, 但本发明实施例不限于此。 在另一实施例中, 可以用空气取 代绝缘膜 14, 即, 有源模块 21的振子反射板 11a与主反射板 22之间通过间 隙隔开, 同样可以在振子反射板 11a与主反射板 22之间形成电容耦合。 间隙 的宽度可根据实际需要(例如, 考虑装配容差、 电气指标等)进行设置。
在天线装置中包括多个有源模块时,主反射板 22上可以设置用于调节阵 列间和 /或振子间的耦合或隔离的器件, 例如图 7所示的主反射板上的竖片部 分 24。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 振子反射板 11a的第二表面 s2a上设置馈电 网络。 馈电网络可包括功分器、 合路器、 耦合器和移相器等中的至少一种, 这些器件可以集成在一起, 减少电缆走线, 降低插损。
图 8是根据本发明另一实施例的安装了单个可更换的有源模块的天线装 置的示意截面图。 图 8的天线装置 30也不需要绝缘膜 14, 其他部分与图 7 相同, 因此使用相同的附图标记。
如图 8所示, 有源模块 21在安装在主反射板 22的开口中之后, 主反射 板 22与有源模块 21的振子反射板 11a贴合以形成导电耦合。
在图 8的实施例中, 振子反射板 11a的第一表面 sla和主反射板 22均为 导电材料制成, 并且两者紧密接触。 例如通过螺栓、 铆钉、 粘连等安装方式, 或者是的第一表面 sla和主反射板 22的上表面足够平整, 使得第一表面 sla 和主反射板 22之间贴合, 并形成较好的导电耦合, 这样主反射板 22和振子 反射板 1 la共同用于形成收敛的波束。
天线装置 30的其他构造可参照图 7所述, 因此不再赘述。
图 9是根据本发明又一实施例的安装了单个可更换的有源模块的天线装 置的示意截面图。 图 9的天线装置 40包括有源模块 41、 主反射板 42和天线 罩 43。
主反射板 42和天线罩 43的构造可参照图 7和图 8中的主反射板 22和天 线罩 23 , 因此不再赘述。
有源模块 41的振子反射板 lib包括侧壁板 15。 侧壁板 15位于振子反射 板 lib的第一表面 sib上, 包围在天线振子 12b周围。 侧壁板 15的内侧为导 电材料制成。 在一个实施例中, 振子反射板 lib的下部平板部分和侧壁板 15 是一体形成的。
在有源模块 41安装在开口中之后, 侧壁板 15的上端高于或等于主反射 板 42的下端。 例如, 侧壁板 15的上端可以与天线振子 12b的上表面一样平 齐, 以保护运输过程中的振子, 也可以综合考虑电气和结构的设计需要, 高 于或低于天线振子 12b的上表面。
在图 9的实施例中, 有源模块 41在安装在主反射板 42的开口中之后, 主反射板 42与有源模块 41的振子反射板 lib形成电容耦合。 例如, 如图 9 所示, 有源模块 41的振子反射板 l ib与主反射板 42之间通过间隙隔开。 主 反射板 42与振子反射板 lib侧边的间隙可以根据实际情况设计,例如可以考 虑装配容差, 电气指标等。
但是本发明实施例不限于此, 也可以类似于图 8的实施例, 使得主反射 板 42与天线单元 41的振子反射板 lib贴合以形成导电耦合。
由于图 9的振子反射板 lib的长宽尺寸小于主反射板 42的开口的长宽尺 寸, 因此可以从主反射板 42的背面安装有源模块 41。 此时天线罩 43与主反 射板 42可以组合为一体, 也可以可拆卸地安装在一起。
可选地, 作为另一实施例, 如果射频模块 13b的尺寸允许, 例如射频模 块 13b的长宽尺寸小于开口, 则也可以从主反射板 42 的正面安装天线单元 41。 在此情况下, 振子反射板 lib的长宽尺寸可以小于主反射板 42的开口的 长宽尺寸, 也可以大于或等于主反射板 42的开口的长宽尺寸。 天线罩 43与 主反射板 42可拆卸地安装在一起。
如果振子反射板 lib的长宽尺寸大于或等于主反射板 42的开口的长宽尺 寸, 振子反射板 lib与主反射板 42之间可通过间隙或者绝缘膜隔开, 以形成 电容耦合。 或者, 振子反射板 lib与主反射板 42之间也可以贴合以形成导电 耦合。
因此, 振子反射板 lib和主反射板 42共同形成收敛的波束, 对波束收敛 有调节作用。
同样, 在多列天线组合应用时, 主反射板 42上可以设置用于调节阵列间 和 /或振子间的耦合或隔离的器件。
根据本发明实施例的基站包括上述天线装置。
根据本发明实施例的通信系统包括上述基站。
以上介绍了根据本发明实施例的单个可更换的有源模块和安装了该模块 的天线装置的示例。 在上述根据本发明实施例的天线装置中, 通过将天线振 子、振子反射板和移相器并入有源模块当中, 可以解决现有技术中 AAS—体 化方案中整体更换和维护困难的问题, 并能够灵活配置从而满足不同的产品 组合需求。 并且, 可以按照需要安装有源模块和无源模块, 从而实现有源天 线和无源天线集成的应用。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易 想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本发明的保护 范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利 要求
1. 一种天线装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
天线部分, 包括天线罩, 所述天线罩由所述天线装置所包括的天线振子 共用;
有源部分, 与所述天线部分连接, 包括至少一个有源模块, 每个有源模 块至少包括至少一个天线振子、 与每个天线振子对应的振子反射板和移相器 和射频模块, 其中, 所述至少一个有源模块的振子反射板用于实现天线功能。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述天线装置还包括: 公共部分, 与所述有源部分和所述天线部分连接, 由所述有源部分中的 至少一个有源模块共用, 所述公共部分包括至少一个公共模块。
3. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述天线装置还包 括:
无源部分, 与所述天线部分连接, 包括至少一个无源模块, 其中每个无 源模块包括至少一个天线振子、与每个天线振子对应的振子反射板和移相器, 其中, 所述无源模块用于与天线部分结合形成无源天线。
4. 如权利要求 1至 3中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于,
所述有源模块包括与无源天线的射频单元相连的接口, 该接口用于所述 有源模块的天线振子通过合分路器及移相器与无源天线的射频单元相连, 所 述有源模块用于在与该有源模块支持的有源天线的频段不同的频段支持该无 源天线。
5. 如权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述天线 部分还包括主反射板,
所述有源模块的振子反射板与所述天线部分的主反射板用于共同实现天 线功能。
6. 如权利要求 1至 5中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于,
所述至少一个有源模块被设置为 M*N的阵列,该阵列中的每个有源模块 支持彼此相同或彼此不同的频段, M和 N是正整数。
7. 如权利要求 1至 6中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于,
所述天线部分包括一列或两列以上天线骨架, 其中, 所述一列或两列以 上天线中的部分天线骨架与所述有源模块连接以形成有源天线, 且所述一列 或两列以上天线中的另一部分天线骨架与所述无源模块连接以形成无源天 线。
8. 如权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于,
所述天线部分还包括至少一个预先安装好的天线振子, 所述预先安装好
9. 如权利要求 1至 8中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于,
所述振子反射板具有第一表面和与所述第一表面相背的第二表面, 所述 振子反射板的第一表面为导电材料制成;
所述天线振子设置在所述振子反射板的第一表面上, 与所述第一表面电 连接; 以及
所述射频模块设置在所述振子反射板的第二表面上, 与所述天线振子电 连接。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述振子反射板还 包括侧壁板, 位于所述振子反射板的第一表面上, 包围在所述天线振子四周, 所述侧壁板的内侧为导电材料制成。
11. 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述天线装置 还包括: 绝缘膜, 设置在所述振子反射板的第一表面上。
12. 根据权利要求 1至 11中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述 振子反射板为印刷电路板( PCB )。
13. 根据权利要求 9至 12中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述 第二表面上设置馈电网络。
14. 根据权利要求 5至 13中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述 主反射板上设置有一个或多个开口, 穿过所述一个或多个开口分别可拆卸地 安装所述至少一个有源模块。
15. 根据权利要求 4至 14中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述 主反射板上设置有用于调节阵列间和 /或振子间的耦合或隔离的器件。
16. 根据权利要求 14或 15所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述至少一 个有源模块在安装在所述开口中之后, 所述主反射板与所述至少一个有源模 块的振子反射板形成电容耦合或导电耦合。
17. 根据权利要求 4至 16中任一项所述的天线装置, 其特征在于, 所述 天线罩与所述主反射板组合为一体或者可拆卸地安装在一起。
18、 一种基站, 其特征在于, 包括如权利要求 1至 17任一项所述的天线 装置。
19、 一种通信系统, 其特征在于, 包括如权利要求 19所述的基站。
PCT/CN2012/086547 2011-12-13 2012-12-13 天线装置、基站及通信系统 WO2013086995A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12857587.5A EP2784876B1 (en) 2011-12-13 2012-12-13 Antenna device, base station, and communication system
KR1020147019069A KR101586295B1 (ko) 2011-12-13 2012-12-13 안테나 장치, 기지국, 및 통신 시스템
US14/304,494 US9979093B2 (en) 2011-12-13 2014-06-13 Antenna apparatus, base station and communications system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110415173.6A CN102522634B (zh) 2011-12-13 2011-12-13 天线装置、基站及通信系统
CN201110415173.6 2011-12-13

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/304,494 Continuation US9979093B2 (en) 2011-12-13 2014-06-13 Antenna apparatus, base station and communications system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013086995A1 true WO2013086995A1 (zh) 2013-06-20

Family

ID=46293467

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2012/086547 WO2013086995A1 (zh) 2011-12-13 2012-12-13 天线装置、基站及通信系统

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9979093B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2784876B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR101586295B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102522634B (zh)
WO (1) WO2013086995A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015023364A1 (en) * 2013-08-16 2015-02-19 Andrew Llc Modular small cell architecture

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102522634B (zh) 2011-12-13 2015-04-15 华为技术有限公司 天线装置、基站及通信系统
WO2012103821A2 (zh) * 2012-03-09 2012-08-09 华为技术有限公司 天线系统、基站和通信系统
WO2012103831A2 (zh) * 2012-03-20 2012-08-09 华为技术有限公司 一种天线设备和系统
CN104901025B (zh) 2014-03-04 2019-07-09 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种天线模块化的实现方法及装置、天线模块
CN106169651A (zh) * 2015-05-21 2016-11-30 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种有源天线设备及基站
CN106487450A (zh) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-08 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种射频拉远单元设置方法和射频拉远单元
CN105244596B (zh) * 2015-08-28 2018-08-17 摩比天线技术(深圳)有限公司 天线结构
US9876556B2 (en) * 2016-02-22 2018-01-23 Applied Minds, Llc Portable deployable underground communication systems, devices and methods
CN107039775A (zh) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-11 广州司南天线设计研究所有限公司 一种基站天线的双反射板
CN107039776A (zh) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-11 广州司南天线设计研究所有限公司 一种有源天线反射板
EP3691032B1 (en) 2017-10-30 2023-05-24 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Antenna, antenna assembly, and base station
CN113273032A (zh) * 2018-10-05 2021-08-17 康普技术有限责任公司 具有独立子模块的可重新配置的多频带基站天线
WO2020133147A1 (zh) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 华为技术有限公司 一种网络设备以及通信系统
CN111864407B (zh) * 2019-04-25 2021-08-27 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种准八木天线阵列及毫米波基站设备
JP7417710B2 (ja) * 2019-07-31 2024-01-18 華為技術有限公司 通信基地局
CN115986429A (zh) 2020-03-24 2023-04-18 康普技术有限责任公司 具有有源天线模块的基站天线以及相关装置和方法
US11611143B2 (en) * 2020-03-24 2023-03-21 Commscope Technologies Llc Base station antenna with high performance active antenna system (AAS) integrated therein
EP3939119A4 (en) 2020-03-24 2022-05-18 CommScope Technologies LLC RADIATING ELEMENTS HAVING ANGLED FEED RODS AND BASE STATION ANTENNAS INCLUDING THEM
CN111430884B (zh) * 2020-04-13 2021-07-20 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种天线模组及电子设备
CN113823913A (zh) 2020-06-18 2021-12-21 康普技术有限责任公司 天线设备
CN111668605B (zh) * 2020-07-02 2021-07-09 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 用于高铁沿线的电调天线
WO2022265904A1 (en) * 2021-06-16 2022-12-22 Commscope Technologies Llc Base station antennas having an active antenna module(s) and related devices and methods
CN113258263B (zh) * 2021-07-15 2021-11-02 中兴通讯股份有限公司 基站设备
WO2023146720A1 (en) * 2022-01-27 2023-08-03 Commscope Technologies Llc Base station antennas

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1710751A (zh) * 2005-06-13 2005-12-21 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 高隔离度板状定向智能天线阵
CN101192707A (zh) * 2007-12-03 2008-06-04 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 一种电调定向智能天线
CN101950846A (zh) * 2010-09-03 2011-01-19 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 一种有源一体化天线系统
CN102097677A (zh) * 2009-12-15 2011-06-15 深圳市华为安捷信电气有限公司 天线振子、天线单元及天线
CN102522634A (zh) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-27 华为技术有限公司 天线装置、基站及通信系统

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040071847A (ko) * 2003-02-07 2004-08-16 주식회사 파워텔 티알에스 복수의 배열 안테나들이 구비된 이동용 위성-안테나 장치
KR20050118348A (ko) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-19 송혁수 이동수신용 다중채널 위성 안테나
KR20060016603A (ko) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-22 김상호 평면 반사체 어레이 안테나
FI20055105A0 (fi) * 2005-03-04 2005-03-04 Nokia Corp Menetelmä liikenteen ohjaamiseksi, radiojärjestelmä, etäyksikkö ja tukiasema
CN201004635Y (zh) * 2007-01-29 2008-01-09 华为技术有限公司 射频拉远单元
US7889147B2 (en) * 2007-02-23 2011-02-15 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Modular active phased array
ITTO20080447A1 (it) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-11 Selex Communications Spa Antenna a schiera planare in microstriscia per telecomunicazioni satellitari, atta ad operare a frequenze di ricezione e trasmissione differenti e con polarizzazioni incrociate.
EP2256860B1 (en) * 2009-05-26 2018-12-19 Alcatel Lucent Antenna array
CN201528038U (zh) 2009-07-30 2010-07-14 京信通信系统(中国)有限公司 集成天线及集成化射频装置
CN201503898U (zh) * 2009-09-23 2010-06-09 京信通信系统(中国)有限公司 Td-scdma频段中与天线一体化的滤波器
CN102044736B (zh) 2009-10-14 2015-05-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 射频拉远单元
EP2507867A4 (en) * 2009-12-02 2015-09-16 Commscope Technologies Llc PANELELLELLE WITH SEALED RADIO BODY
CN201629398U (zh) * 2010-02-09 2010-11-10 南京广顺网络通信设备有限公司 Rru远程射频单元一体化天线
KR101442051B1 (ko) * 2010-04-23 2014-09-18 엠파이어 테크놀로지 디벨롭먼트 엘엘씨 분산된 증폭기를 가지는 능동 전기 틸트 안테나 장치
EP2622686B1 (en) * 2010-10-01 2018-03-21 Saab AB Mounting system for transmitter receiver modules
CN102176536A (zh) * 2011-01-28 2011-09-07 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 一种双极化辐射单元及宽频基站天线
CN102509852A (zh) * 2011-09-28 2012-06-20 华为技术有限公司 天线装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1710751A (zh) * 2005-06-13 2005-12-21 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 高隔离度板状定向智能天线阵
CN101192707A (zh) * 2007-12-03 2008-06-04 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 一种电调定向智能天线
CN102097677A (zh) * 2009-12-15 2011-06-15 深圳市华为安捷信电气有限公司 天线振子、天线单元及天线
CN101950846A (zh) * 2010-09-03 2011-01-19 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 一种有源一体化天线系统
CN102522634A (zh) * 2011-12-13 2012-06-27 华为技术有限公司 天线装置、基站及通信系统

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015023364A1 (en) * 2013-08-16 2015-02-19 Andrew Llc Modular small cell architecture
US9433034B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2016-08-30 Commscope Technologies Llc Modular small cell architecture
US9997825B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2018-06-12 Commscope Technologies Llc Modular small cell architecture
US10305173B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2019-05-28 Commscope Technologies Llc Modular small cell architecture
US10790578B2 (en) 2013-08-16 2020-09-29 Commscope Technologies Llc Modular small cell architecture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20140102288A (ko) 2014-08-21
EP2784876A4 (en) 2015-01-14
US20140313095A1 (en) 2014-10-23
KR101586295B1 (ko) 2016-01-18
US9979093B2 (en) 2018-05-22
EP2784876B1 (en) 2020-05-06
CN102522634A (zh) 2012-06-27
EP2784876A1 (en) 2014-10-01
CN102522634B (zh) 2015-04-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2013086995A1 (zh) 天线装置、基站及通信系统
WO2013044843A1 (zh) 天线单元、天线装置和安装天线的方法
WO2013044847A1 (zh) 天线装置
WO2012103821A2 (zh) 天线系统、基站和通信系统
US10693221B2 (en) Modular phased array
CN103490175B (zh) 一种一体化基站天线
CN106711622B (zh) 天线阵列和天线
WO2010140427A1 (ja) アンテナモジュール
WO2019114664A1 (zh) 一种馈电设备、天线及电子设备
CN215497084U (zh) 一种一体化天线装置
JP2018519749A (ja) 放射装置
EP3570444A1 (en) Fiber integrated radio equipment for network optimization and densification ecosystem (fire-node)
JP6557732B2 (ja) 移動通信基地局のアンテナ装置内の信号分配/結合装置
EP3138356B1 (en) Multi-sector antenna integrated radio unit
CN218385726U (zh) 一种c波段双极化m-mimo基站天线
WO2013064091A1 (zh) 一种有源天线系统、基站和通信系统
WO2012159345A1 (zh) 天线系统和天线重构方法
JP6163253B2 (ja) マルチバンドアクティブアンテナ
CN214176242U (zh) 一种馈电一体化电调天线
CN216624527U (zh) 一种5g街站afu结构
JP2003298332A (ja) アンテナ装置
JP2018029298A (ja) 高周波ユニット、アレイアンテナ装置、および接続回路
WO2013064093A1 (zh) 反射板、天线、基站及通信系统
CN116417780A (zh) 天线结构、封装天线、芯片和电子设备
JP2009081698A (ja) マイクロ波アンテナ装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 12857587

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2012857587

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20147019069

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A