WO2013081148A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide, dispositif d'élimination de chaleur statique, centrale nucléaire avec dispositif de refroidissement de fluide, et centrale nucléaire avec dispositif d'élimination de chaleur statique - Google Patents

Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide, dispositif d'élimination de chaleur statique, centrale nucléaire avec dispositif de refroidissement de fluide, et centrale nucléaire avec dispositif d'élimination de chaleur statique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013081148A1
WO2013081148A1 PCT/JP2012/081196 JP2012081196W WO2013081148A1 WO 2013081148 A1 WO2013081148 A1 WO 2013081148A1 JP 2012081196 W JP2012081196 W JP 2012081196W WO 2013081148 A1 WO2013081148 A1 WO 2013081148A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling device
heat
fluid cooling
condenser
evaporator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/081196
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
鈴田　忠彦
良卓 向井
崇 石橋
陽子 飛田
誠司 鶴岡
内藤　隆司
伸英 原
宏 佐野
Original Assignee
三菱重工業株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority to JP2013547256A priority Critical patent/JP5871951B2/ja
Publication of WO2013081148A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013081148A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/023—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers with heating tubes, for nuclear reactors as far as they are not classified, according to a specified heating fluid, in another group
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
    • G21C9/004—Pressure suppression
    • G21C9/012—Pressure suppression by thermal accumulation or by steam condensation, e.g. ice condensers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/006—Details of nuclear power plant primary side of steam generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fluid cooling device.
  • This application claims priority on Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-265336 filed on December 2, 2011 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-056801 filed on March 14, 2012, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. .
  • Patent Document 1 Conventionally, as a fluid cooling device for cooling steam generated in a reactor containment vessel, for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 below has been adopted.
  • the fluid cooling device normally drives the pump, and the primary cooling water in the cooling water piping and the secondary cooling water in the secondary cooling water circulation path are driven by the heat exchanger for removing residual heat.
  • the primary cooling water is cooled by exchanging heat.
  • this fluid cooling device heat-exchanges the secondary cooling water in the secondary cooling water circulation path and the sea water in the seawater through-flow path with a heat exchanger for reactor auxiliary cooling water, It is the structure which cools.
  • the fluid cooling device drives the supply pump to make the fuel replacement water pit.
  • the cooling water stored in is sprayed into the reactor containment vessel.
  • the cooling water is directly sprayed on a large amount of steam generated in the reactor containment vessel, thereby absorbing a large amount of energy. Therefore, the cooling water cools the inside of the reactor containment vessel, falls at a high temperature, and is stored in the fuel replacement water pit. Moreover, the cooling water which became high temperature is the structure which heat-exchanges with the air introduce
  • the fluid cooling device described in Patent Document 1 described above is configured to cool the cooling water by operating a pump or a fan in an emergency. Therefore, if the supply of power such as electric power is interrupted, the fluid cooling device may not be able to cool the cooling water.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is capable of cooling the steam in the reactor containment vessel and improving the reliability of the reactor containment vessel.
  • the present invention provides a nuclear plant equipped with a static heat removal device, a nuclear plant equipped with a fluid cooling device, and a static heat removal device.
  • the present invention employs the following means. That is, the fluid cooling device according to the first aspect of the present invention is installed in a nuclear reactor containment vessel and heat-exchanges the vapor in the nuclear reactor containment vessel and the internal working fluid, thereby cooling the vapor.
  • An evaporator for evaporating the working fluid a first connection pipe for deriving the vaporized working fluid from the evaporator, and a cooling tower outside the reactor containment vessel and connected to the first connection pipe And a heat exchanger for exchanging the vaporized working fluid from the first connection pipe with the gas in the cooling tower to increase the temperature of the gas and liquefy the working fluid; and And a second connecting pipe for guiding the liquefied working fluid from the condenser to the evaporator.
  • the evaporator can cool the steam in the reactor containment vessel by exchanging heat with the working fluid.
  • the condenser installed in the cooling tower can liquefy the working fluid introduced through the first connection pipe by exchanging heat with the gas in the cooling tower vaporized by the evaporator.
  • the evaporator returns the liquefied working fluid to the evaporator via the second connection pipe, and again uses it for heat exchange. Therefore, the steam in the reactor containment vessel is cooled by heat exchange.
  • gas can be supplied to the condenser by natural circulation in the cooling tower, for example, even when power is not supplied, the steam in the reactor containment vessel is cooled, and the reliability of the reactor containment vessel is improved. Can be improved.
  • the cooling tower may have a chimney extending upward from the condenser.
  • the gas introduced into the cooling tower is heat-exchanged by the condenser, becomes a high temperature state, and flows upward above the chimney.
  • the lower part of the chimney becomes a lower pressure than the atmosphere, and a large amount of gas flows. Therefore, since the condenser can exchange heat with a large amount of gas, the steam in the reactor containment vessel is efficiently cooled.
  • the fluid cooling device may be formed such that the first connection pipe is inclined upward as it goes from the evaporator to the condenser.
  • the first connection pipe when the vaporized working fluid is condensed and liquefied by the surrounding temperature while passing through the first connection pipe, the first connection pipe is inclined upward toward the condenser. The liquefied working fluid does not stay in the first connection pipe. Therefore, the flow path of the working fluid in the first connection pipe is not blocked. Therefore, since the working fluid moves smoothly from the evaporator toward the condenser, the steam in the reactor containment vessel can be efficiently cooled.
  • the evaporator may be arranged along the inner wall of the reactor containment vessel.
  • the steam generated in the reactor containment vessel is high in temperature, it rises in the reactor containment vessel and descends along the low temperature inner wall of the reactor containment vessel. Therefore, by arranging the evaporator along the inner wall of the reactor containment vessel, the steam can be reliably introduced into the evaporator, so that the steam is reliably cooled.
  • the cooling tower may be formed with an inlet for flowing the gas at a lower portion thereof.
  • the fluid cooling device may include a skirt portion that surrounds the periphery of the evaporator and extends downward, and guides the cooled steam around the evaporator downward.
  • the skirt portion mixes the cooled high-density steam and the low-density steam gas phase existing outside the skirt portion before heat exchange. Can be suppressed. Therefore, by reliably guiding the flow of steam that is used for heat exchange in the evaporator and led out of the evaporator, it is possible to secure a difference in gas phase density between the inside and outside of the skirt, and to increase the amount of naturally circulating steam. Thus, the amount of steam introduced into the evaporator can be increased. Therefore, the evaporator efficiently exchanges heat, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel is efficiently cooled.
  • the fluid cooling device may include a plurality of cooling units having the evaporator, the first connection pipe, the condenser, and the second connection pipe.
  • the other cooling unit can be operated, so that the steam in the reactor containment vessel is reliably cooled by heat exchange.
  • an inner wall of the chimney portion may be formed of a heat insulating material.
  • the evaporator includes a plurality of evaporation heat transfer tubes that vaporize the working fluid by exchanging heat between the liquefied working fluid and the steam, the second connection tube, and the plurality of the heat transfer tubes.
  • a plurality of evaporator inlet headers that are connected to the evaporation heat transfer tubes and guide the liquefied working fluid from the second connection tubes to the plurality of evaporation heat transfer tubes; and the plurality of evaporation heat transfer tubes and the first connection tubes
  • a plurality of evaporator outlet headers connected to the first connection pipe and connected to the first connection pipe, the plurality of evaporation heat transfer pipes extending in the vertical direction.
  • the plurality of evaporator inlet headers are arranged in parallel with each other and are vertically displaced from each other, and the plurality of evaporator outlet headers are adjacent to the evaporator outlet. Positioned up and down with the header It may be.
  • the adjacent evaporator inlet headers are arranged so as to be shifted in the vertical direction, the steam introduced into the evaporator is introduced into the evaporator with its flow resistance suppressed. Is done.
  • the adjacent evaporator outlet headers are arranged so as to be shifted in the vertical direction, the vapor derived from the evaporator is derived from the evaporator with its flow resistance suppressed. Therefore, since steam is efficiently introduced and led out into the evaporator, the steam in the reactor containment vessel is efficiently cooled by heat exchange.
  • the evaporative heat transfer tube may have evaporating fins protruding outward, and the evaporating fins may be disposed with a position shifted in the vertical direction.
  • the vapor condensed by the evaporation fin becomes a liquid film and adheres to the outer surface of the evaporation fin.
  • the liquid film can be prevented from dropping and adhering to the surface. Therefore, since the fall of the heat transfer performance accompanying the increase in the liquid film can be suppressed, the steam in the reactor containment vessel is efficiently cooled by heat exchange.
  • the chimney portion extends upward from a part of the condenser, the condenser has a first condenser in which the chimney portion is disposed above, and a chimney upward.
  • a second condenser not provided with a portion, and the second condenser may have a horizontal fin.
  • the first condenser liquefies the working fluid by exchanging heat between the vaporized working fluid and the gas in the cooling tower, and extends upward. It may have a plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes, the condensation heat transfer tubes may have condensation fins projecting outward, and the condensation fins may be arranged with their positions shifted in the vertical direction.
  • the chimney portion is configured such that the wall portion on the reactor containment vessel side also serves as the wall portion of the reactor containment vessel, and the wall portion on the reactor containment vessel side of the chimney portion is It may be formed of a detachable heat insulating material.
  • the condenser is immersed in the liquid, and the vaporized working fluid from the first connection pipe is heat-exchanged with the liquid, thereby adjusting the temperature of the liquid.
  • the working fluid may be liquefied while being raised.
  • the working fluid when the heat load is high, the working fluid is efficiently liquefied by exchanging heat between the working fluid and the liquid in the cooling tower using a condenser.
  • the working fluid When the heat load is low, the working fluid is reliably liquefied by exchanging heat between the working fluid and the gas in the cooling tower using a condenser. Therefore, the liquid or gas in the cooling tower is selectively heat-exchanged under the conditions, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel is efficiently cooled.
  • the condenser is disposed only below the chimney portion in plan view, and the cooling tower is continuously directed downward from the chimney portion, and the condenser has a vertical direction.
  • a partition portion extending to a middle portion of the partition portion, and a flow path that is provided below the partition portion and allows fluid to move with the partition portion interposed therebetween.
  • the liquid in the cooling tower can be introduced into the flow path, reliably introduced into the condenser, heat exchanged to a high temperature state, and raised above the chimney, so that the liquid is Heat exchange efficiently. Therefore, the steam in the reactor containment vessel is efficiently cooled.
  • the cooling tower may be installed on the roof of a building.
  • the earthquake resistance of the building can be improved.
  • the wall portion of the chimney portion may be configured by a wall portion of the reactor containment vessel.
  • the reactor containment vessel includes a nuclear reactor and a steam generator that generates the steam by heat extracted from the reactor, and the steam is led out from the evaporator,
  • a third connecting pipe introduced into the condenser, the condenser liquefying the steam by heat-exchanging the steam from the third connecting pipe with the gas or the liquid in the cooling tower;
  • a fourth connection pipe may be provided that guides the steam liquefied by the condenser from the condenser to the steam generator.
  • the steam generated by the steam generator can be led out from the third connection pipe, heat-exchanged and cooled by the condenser, and returned to the steam generator from the fourth connection pipe. Therefore, the steam generated in the nuclear reactor is cooled by heat exchange.
  • the evaporator and the condenser may be provided with a seismic isolation device.
  • the vibration of the evaporator and the condenser can be reduced, so that the reliability of the evaporator and the condenser can be improved, and the mounting structure of the evaporator and the condenser is simplified. be able to.
  • a gas storage part for storing non-condensable gas is provided at the upper part of the condenser.
  • the condenser can store the non-condensable gas generated in the condenser, the non-condensable gas does not circulate in the condenser. Therefore, the flow resistance when the steam flows through the fluid cooling device is suppressed, and a decrease in the heat exchange rate is prevented, so that heat can be exchanged efficiently.
  • a nuclear power plant according to the first aspect of the present invention includes the fluid cooling device according to any one of the above.
  • the steam in the reactor containment vessel is cooled by heat exchange.
  • the static heat removal apparatus includes a storage container that stores a device that is at a high temperature, a first heat exchanger that is stored in the storage container, and an exterior of the storage container.
  • a duct disposed adjacent to the second heat exchanger; and a second heat exchanger accommodated in the duct, wherein the first heat exchanger includes an upper header and a lower header to which a plurality of heat absorption tubes are connected.
  • the second heat exchanger includes an upper header and a lower header to which a plurality of heat radiating pipes are connected, and connects the upper header of the first heat exchanger and the upper header of the second heat exchanger.
  • an upper header connecting pipe for connecting the lower header of the first heat exchanger and the lower header of the second heat exchanger, and a lower header connecting pipe for connecting the lower header of the second heat exchanger.
  • the upper header is disposed above the upper header of the first heat exchanger. Together, and the lower header of said second heat exchanger is disposed above said lower header of said first heat exchanger.
  • the static heat removal apparatus has a plurality of the upper headers of the first heat exchanger, and the adjacent upper headers are arranged at an offset in the height direction, while the lower part of the first heat exchanger is There are a plurality of headers, and adjacent lower headers are arranged offset in the height direction.
  • the static heat removal apparatus is provided with vertical fins extending in the axial direction of the heat absorption tube on the peripheral wall portion of the heat absorption tube.
  • the static heat removal device is provided with a ring fin on the peripheral wall portion of the heat radiating tube.
  • the static heat removal apparatus is provided with a resistance plate between the plurality of heat radiating tubes.
  • the static heat removal apparatus has a plurality of the resistance plates, and the adjacent resistance plates are arranged offset in the height direction.
  • the containment vessel is a reactor containment vessel.
  • the static heat removal apparatus includes a storage container that stores a high-temperature device and a heat exchanger that is stored in the storage container, and the heat exchanger includes an upper header to which a plurality of heat absorption tubes are connected. And a lower header, a liquid storage tank that is connected to the upper header and the lower header and stores liquid, an exhaust pipe that is connected to the liquid storage tank and extends outside the storage container is provided, and the exhaust Provide a safety valve on the pipe.
  • the exhaust pipe is disposed in the vicinity of the ceiling plate in the side wall portion of the liquid storage tank.
  • the static heat removal device is connected to the liquid storage tank, and extends to the outside of the storage container.
  • the static heat removal device is provided with a liquid supply pipe for supplying liquid, and a flow rate adjusting valve is provided in the liquid supply pipe.
  • the static heat removal apparatus is the static heat removal apparatus according to the eighth aspect described above, wherein the containment vessel is a reactor containment vessel.
  • a nuclear power plant according to the first aspect of the present invention includes the static heat removal apparatus according to any one of the above.
  • the steam in the reactor containment vessel is cooled by heat exchange.
  • the fluid cooling device according to the present invention can cool the steam in the reactor containment vessel and improve the reliability of the reactor containment vessel.
  • FIG. 10B is an AA arrow view of FIG. 10A. It is an external view of the evaporation heat exchanger tube of the fluid cooling device which concerns on 7th embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 11B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 11A. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG. 11A.
  • FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 20. It is a figure for demonstrating the heat sink pipe and the flow of air which the static heat removal apparatus which concerns on 15th embodiment of this invention comprises. It is sectional drawing of the heat sink tube group which the static heat removal apparatus which concerns on 15th embodiment of this invention comprises. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the plane of the static heat removal apparatus which concerns on 16th embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the front of the static heat removal apparatus which concerns on 16th embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a nuclear reactor facility 2 including a fluid cooling device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a nuclear reactor facility 2 includes a reactor containment vessel 11 in which a reactor 12 is housed, a cooling tower 21 that cools steam generated from the reactor containment vessel 11, and the reactor containment vessel. 11 and the cooling tower 21, and a building 31 in which the cooling tower 21 is installed and a pump, a control device and the like are stored.
  • the reactor containment vessel 11 includes a nuclear reactor 12 and a steam generator 13 that is connected to the nuclear reactor 12 by a cooling water pipe 14 and generates steam by heat extracted from the nuclear reactor 12.
  • the cooling tower 21 is a building arranged above the building 31 and has a chimney 22 extending upward.
  • the cooling tower 21 has a cooling inlet 23 through which gas flows into the cooling tower 21 and a cooling outlet 24 that is formed at the top of the chimney 22 and flows out of the cooling tower 21. Is formed.
  • a part of the lower part of the chimney 22 is located above the fluid cooling device 1 and serves as a partition 25 that separates the chimney 22 from other spaces.
  • the cooling inlet 23 is provided on the upper portion of the wall portion 21 ⁇ / b> A where the chimney portion 22 of the cooling tower 21 is not formed.
  • the fluid cooling device 1 includes an evaporator 41 installed in the reactor containment vessel 11, a first connection pipe 42 connected to the evaporator 41, and a cooling tower 21 connected to the first connection pipe 42.
  • the condenser 43 and a second connecting pipe 44 connected to the condenser 43 are provided.
  • the evaporator 41 cools the steam and vaporizes the working fluid by exchanging heat between the steam inside the reactor containment vessel 11 and the working fluid inside. Further, the evaporator 41 is disposed inside the reactor containment vessel 11 along the inner wall 11A of the reactor containment vessel.
  • the first connection pipe 42 has one end connected to the evaporator 41 and the other end connected to the condenser 43.
  • the first connection pipe 42 leads the working fluid vaporized by the evaporator 41 from the evaporator 41 and introduces it into the condenser 43.
  • the first connection pipe 42 is formed so as to incline upward from the evaporator 41 toward the condenser 43.
  • the first connection pipe 42 is connected to the evaporator 41 and extends substantially horizontally, an introduction portion 42A, an intermediate portion 42B extending upward from the end of the introduction portion 42A, A lead-out portion 42C extending substantially horizontally from the end portion of the intermediate portion 42B and connected to the condenser 43.
  • the condenser 43 is installed in the cooling tower 21 and exchanges heat between the vaporized working fluid introduced from the first connection pipe 42 and the gas in the cooling tower 21. As a result, the temperature of the gas rises and the working fluid is liquefied.
  • the condenser 43 is connected to a vacuum pump 45.
  • the second connection pipe 44 has one end connected to the condenser 43 and the other end connected to the evaporator 41.
  • the second connection pipe 44 leads the working fluid liquefied by the condenser 43 from the condenser 43 and introduces it into the evaporator 41.
  • the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is cooled by exchanging heat with the working fluid in the evaporator 41. Further, the working fluid vaporized by the evaporator 41 is introduced into the condenser 43 installed in the cooling tower 21 via the first connection pipe 42. This vaporized working fluid is liquefied by heat exchange with the gas in the cooling tower 21. The liquefied working fluid is introduced into the evaporator 41 via the second connection pipe 44 and heat exchange is performed again in the evaporator 41. Therefore, the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is continuously cooled by heat exchange.
  • gas is supplied to the condenser 43 by natural circulation of the gas. Therefore, for example, even in an emergency where no power is supplied, the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is cooled, so that the reliability of the reactor containment vessel 11 can be improved.
  • the gas flowing in from the cooling inlet 23 of the cooling tower 21 is heat-exchanged by the condenser 43, becomes a high temperature state, flows upward of the chimney 22 and flows out from the cooling outlet 24 to the outside.
  • the lower portion of the chimney portion 22 has a negative pressure, and a large amount of gas flows into the chimney portion 22. Therefore, since a large amount of gas is introduced into the condenser 43 and heat exchange is performed, the condenser 43 efficiently exchanges heat. Therefore, the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled.
  • the cooling tower 21 has a partition portion 25 that extends to above the condenser 43, the gas flowing from the cooling inlet 23 is introduced into the condenser 43 as indicated by a two-dot chain line P in FIG. 1. Then, a flow path that leads to the chimney 22 can be formed. Therefore, the gas is surely introduced into the condenser 43 and heat is efficiently exchanged in the condenser 43, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled.
  • the first connection pipe 42 is formed so as to incline upward toward the condenser 43. Therefore, when the working fluid vaporized by the evaporator 41 is condensed and liquefied by the surrounding temperature while passing through the first connection pipe 42, the liquefied working fluid stays in the first connection pipe 42. The flow path of the working fluid in the first connection pipe 42 is not blocked. Therefore, the working fluid moves smoothly from the evaporator 41 toward the condenser 43. The condenser 43 efficiently exchanges heat with the working fluid. Therefore, the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled.
  • the steam generated in the reactor containment vessel 11 is high temperature. Therefore, as indicated by a two-dot chain line Q in FIG. 1, the steam rises in the reactor containment vessel 11 and then falls along the inner wall of the reactor containment vessel 11 that is at a low temperature. Therefore, the evaporator 41 is disposed along the inner wall 11A of the reactor containment vessel, so that the steam is lowered along the inner wall 11A and reliably introduced into the evaporator 41. Therefore, the steam is reliably cooled by heat exchange.
  • the condenser 43 can be used for heat exchange of the gas in the cooling tower 21, it is not necessary to store water in the cooling tower 21 as in the case of using water, for example. Therefore, while being able to reduce the load concerning the building 31, it is not necessary to provide a sealing structure in the cooling tower 21, and a facility can be simplified.
  • the cooling inlet 23 of the cooling tower 21 is provided on the upper portion of the wall portion 21A, whereas in the fluid cooling device 201 in this embodiment, the cooling inlet 223 is While being provided at the lower part of the cooling tower 221, the condenser 243 is provided in a wide width according to the roof area of the building 31.
  • an external gas flows from the cooling inlet 223 provided at the lower portion of the cooling tower 221 and is heat-exchanged by the condenser 243 to be introduced into the chimney 222 as a high temperature state. Is done. Therefore, the gas is smoothly guided from the cooling inlet 223 below the cooling tower 221 toward the cooling outlet 24, so that the amount of gas introduced into the cooling tower 221 increases. Accordingly, since the gas used for heat exchange in the condenser 243 increases, the condenser 243 efficiently exchanges heat, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled.
  • the condenser 243 can be installed wide, for example, a large interval between the pipes constituting the condenser 243 can be secured, so that the pressure loss of the working fluid passing between adjacent pipes is reduced. To do. Therefore, the height of the cooling tower 221 is kept low and equivalent cooling efficiency is ensured, so that the equipment can be simplified and made compact.
  • the fluid cooling device 301A includes a skirt portion 341A surrounding the evaporator 41.
  • the skirt portion 341A surrounds the periphery of the evaporator 41 and extends downward, and guides the cooled vapor around the evaporator 41 downward.
  • the skirt portion 341 ⁇ / b> A is a cylindrical member that extends from a height position in the middle of the evaporator 41 in the vertical direction to a height position below the evaporator 41.
  • the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is cooled by heat exchange with the working fluid in the evaporator 41, and guided downward by the skirt portion 341A.
  • This suppresses mixing of the vapor phase of the vapor that has been cooled to a high density and the vapor phase of the low-density vapor that is present outside the skirt portion 341A and before heat exchange.
  • a difference in the density of the gas phase inside and outside the skirt can be secured, and the amount of steam that naturally circulates can be reduced.
  • the evaporator 41 Since the amount of steam introduced into the evaporator 41 can be increased and the amount of steam can be increased, the evaporator 41 efficiently exchanges heat, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled. Furthermore, by adjusting the density of the steam that is heat-exchanged and guided into the skirt portion 341A, the natural circulation amount of the steam that is introduced into the evaporator 41 and led out can be adjusted.
  • the fluid cooling device 301 ⁇ / b> B is a cylinder that extends from a height position above the evaporator 41 to a height position below the evaporator 41.
  • the skirt part 341B of the shaped member is provided.
  • the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 (see FIG. 3) is cooled by heat exchange with the working fluid in the evaporator 41, and is then cooled by the skirt portion 341B. Guided downward. Therefore, the steam existing above the evaporator 41 is reliably introduced into the evaporator 41, and the steam flow used by the evaporator 41 for heat exchange and derived from the evaporator 41 is reliably guided downward. Therefore, the amount of steam that naturally circulates can be increased, and the amount of steam introduced into the evaporator 41 can also be increased. Therefore, the evaporator 41 efficiently exchanges heat, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled.
  • the fluid cooling device 301 ⁇ / b> C has a cylinder extending from a height position above the evaporator 41 to a height position below the evaporator 41.
  • the skirt part 341C of the shaped member is provided.
  • the skirt portion 341C includes an upper skirt 342C formed so as to become narrower in a longitudinal section as it goes from the upper side to the lower side, and a lower skirt that extends downward from the lower end of the upper skirt. 343C.
  • the upper end of the upper skirt 342C of the skirt portion 341C is formed wider than the lower end of the upper skirt 342C and the lower skirt 343C. Therefore, steam existing above the evaporator 41 and across the width direction of the lower skirt 343C and steam existing above the evaporator 41 and outside the width direction of the lower skirt 343C are directed downward in the skirt portion 341C. Led.
  • the fluid cooling device 301 ⁇ / b> D includes a skirt portion 341 ⁇ / b> D formed so as to become narrower in a longitudinal section as it goes from the upper side to the lower side. ing.
  • the skirt portion 341D has an upper end located above the evaporator 41 and a lower end located below the evaporator 41.
  • the fluid cooling device 301D configured in this manner, a large amount of steam is introduced into the evaporator 41 because the upper end of the skirt portion 341D is formed wide.
  • the heat exchange reduces the steam flow rate, but the accompanying decrease in the flow velocity is suppressed. The
  • the evaporator 41 efficiently exchanges heat, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled.
  • the fluid cooling device 301 ⁇ / b> E is a cylindrical member that extends so as to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical direction. 41 is provided with a skirt portion 341E surrounding the periphery of 41.
  • the wall portion of the skirt portion 341 ⁇ / b> E is formed so as to be inclined, so that the steam existing outside in the width direction from directly above the evaporator 41 is also introduced into the evaporator 41. . Therefore, since the steam existing at a desired position above the evaporator 41 is introduced into the evaporator 41 and used for heat exchange, the evaporator 41 is suitable for the temperature distribution in the reactor containment vessel 11 and the like. The steam is efficiently heat-exchanged, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled.
  • each of the evaporator 41, the first connection pipe 42, the condenser 43, and the second connection pipe 44 is provided, but in the fluid cooling device 301 in the present embodiment, A plurality of evaporators 41, first connection pipes 42, condensers 243 and second connection pipes 44 are provided.
  • the fluid cooling device 301 includes a plurality of cooling units 300 each having the evaporator 41, the first connection pipe 42, the condenser 243, and the second connection pipe 44.
  • the present embodiment for example, three cooling units 300 are provided.
  • the said number is an example and can be set suitably.
  • the remaining two cooling units 300 can be used even in an emergency in which, for example, one cooling unit 300 out of the three cooling units 300 is damaged or failed and becomes inoperable. Either of them can be operated. Therefore, even in an emergency, since the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is reliably cooled by heat exchange, the reliability of the reactor containment vessel 11 can be improved.
  • the inner wall 422A of the chimney 422 is formed of a heat insulating material 400 such as glass wool or urethane foam.
  • the gas that has become high temperature in the condenser 243 is introduced while maintaining the high temperature state above the chimney 422 by preventing the temperature of the gas from being lowered by the heat insulating material 400.
  • FIGS. 10A and 10B a fluid cooling device 501 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B.
  • members that are the same as those used in the above-described embodiment are assigned the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • the evaporator 541 includes a plurality of evaporation heat transfer tubes 500 that vaporize the working fluid by exchanging heat between the liquefied working fluid and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11; A plurality of evaporator inlet headers 511 connected to the second connection pipe 44 and the plurality of evaporation heat transfer pipes 500 and leading the liquefied working fluid from the second connection pipe 44 to the plurality of evaporation heat transfer pipes 500; A plurality of evaporator outlet headers 512 that are connected to the evaporation heat transfer pipe 500 and the first connection pipe 42 and guide the working fluid vaporized in the plurality of evaporation heat transfer pipes 500 to the first connection pipe 42 are provided.
  • the plurality of evaporative heat transfer tubes 500 are formed as straight tubes, and are disposed substantially parallel to the adjacent evaporative heat transfer tubes 500 so as to extend in the vertical direction.
  • the evaporator inlet header 511 is formed of a straight pipe and is disposed so as to connect the lower portions of the plurality of evaporation heat transfer pipes 500 to each other. Adjacent evaporator inlet headers 511 are arranged with their positions shifted in the vertical direction.
  • the evaporator outlet header 512 is formed of a straight pipe and is disposed so as to connect the upper portions of the plurality of evaporation heat transfer pipes 500 to each other. Adjacent evaporator outlet headers 512 are arranged with their positions shifted in the vertical direction.
  • the outlet header 512A when comparing the first outlet header 512A located at the uppermost stage in FIG. 10A and the second outlet header 512B located at the lower stage of the first outlet header 512A, as shown in FIG.
  • the outlet header 512A is disposed below the second outlet header 512B.
  • the second outlet header 512B when comparing the second outlet header 512B and the third outlet header 512C located at the lower stage of the second outlet header 512B in FIG. 10A, as shown in FIG. 10B, the second outlet header 512B is the third outlet header. It is disposed above 512C.
  • the vertical height of the third outlet header 512C is substantially the same as the vertical height of the first outlet header 512A.
  • the first inlet header 511A is better. It is disposed below the second inlet header 511B.
  • the second inlet header 511B is higher than the third inlet header 511C. It is arranged.
  • the vertical height of the third inlet header 511C is substantially the same as the vertical height of the first inlet header 511A. In this way, the evaporator inlet header 511 and the evaporator outlet header 512 are arranged such that the adjacent evaporator inlet header 511 and evaporator outlet header 512 are alternately shifted in the vertical direction.
  • the adjacent evaporator inlet headers 511 are arranged so as to be displaced from each other in the vertical direction, so that the steam introduced into the evaporator 541 has its flow resistance suppressed. It is introduced into the evaporator 541 in a state. Further, since the adjacent evaporator outlet headers 512 are also arranged so as to be shifted in the vertical direction, the vapor derived from the evaporator 541 is derived from the evaporator 541 with its flow resistance suppressed. . Therefore, the steam is efficiently introduced and led out from the evaporator 541 in a state where pressure loss is suppressed, so that the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled by heat exchange.
  • positioning pitch of the evaporation heat exchanger tube 500 becomes large, and the thermal efficiency equivalent to the case where the position of the evaporator inlet header 511 vertical direction and the position of the evaporator outlet header 512 are aligned is obtained. Can do. Therefore, the arrangement pitch of the evaporation heat transfer tubes 500 is reduced, and the evaporator 541 can be made compact.
  • FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C a fluid cooling device 601 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11A, 11B, and 11C.
  • members that are the same as those used in the above-described embodiment are assigned the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • the evaporation heat transfer tube 610 has the evaporation fins 600 protruding outward, and the evaporation fins 600 are arranged so as to be displaced in the vertical direction.
  • the evaporation heat transfer tube 610 is formed in an annular shape in cross section, and is provided with eight evaporation fins 600 that protrude outward from the outer surface thereof at substantially equal intervals.
  • the position of the evaporation fins 600 in the vertical direction is approximately 22.2. It is shifted 5 degrees.
  • the first evaporation heat transfer tube 610A and the second evaporation heat transfer tube 610B are disposed with the positions of the evaporation fins 600 being shifted from each other. In this way, the positions of the evaporation fins 600 are shifted by about 22.5 degrees in the vertical direction.
  • the said number is an example and can be set suitably.
  • the vapor condensed by the evaporating fin becomes a liquid film and adheres to the outer surface of the evaporating fin, and the liquid film becomes thicker and lowers the heat transfer performance.
  • the evaporation fins 600 are arranged with their positions shifted in the vertical direction, the liquid film falls down along the evaporation fins 600 and becomes thick. Can be prevented from adhering. Therefore, since the fall of the heat transfer performance accompanying the increase in a liquid film can be suppressed, the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 can be efficiently cooled by heat exchange.
  • the fluid cooling device 701 in this embodiment is obtained by adding a condensation fin 704 and a horizontal fin 705 to the condenser 243 of the fluid cooling device 201 according to the second embodiment.
  • the condenser 43 includes a first condenser 711 having a chimney disposed above and a second condenser 712 having no chimney 22 disposed above.
  • the first condenser 711 liquefies the working fluid by exchanging heat between the vaporized working fluid and the gas in the cooling tower 721, and includes a plurality of condensation heat transfer tubes 703 extending in the vertical direction. Yes.
  • the condensation heat transfer tube 703 has a condensation fin 704 that protrudes outward, and the condensation fin 704 is disposed with its position shifted in the vertical direction.
  • the second condenser 712 has horizontal fins 705 extending in the horizontal direction of the water W.
  • the second condenser 712 can smoothly move the gas in the cooling tower 721 toward the horizontal direction, that is, toward the second condenser 712 by the horizontal fins 705. Therefore, the condenser 743 can efficiently exchange heat, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled by heat exchange.
  • the gas in the cooling tower 721 can be smoothly moved in the vertical direction by the condensation fins 704, so that heat can be efficiently exchanged by the condenser 743 and stored in the reactor.
  • the steam in the container 11 can be efficiently cooled by heat exchange.
  • the wall portion on the reactor containment vessel 11 side of the chimney 222 and the wall portion on the cooling tower 221 side of the reactor containment vessel 11 are configured separately.
  • the wall portion on the reactor containment vessel 811 side of the chimney 822 is configured by the wall portion 810 that also serves as the wall portion on the cooling tower 821 side of the reactor containment vessel 811. Yes.
  • the wall portion 810 extending in the vertical direction constitutes both the wall portion on the reactor containment vessel 811 side of the chimney portion 822 of the cooling tower 821 and the wall portion on the cooling tower 821 side of the reactor containment vessel 811. is doing.
  • the chimney 822 side of the wall 810 is formed of a heat insulating material 800 such as glass wool or urethane foam that can be attached and detached.
  • the heat insulating material 800 is provided in the chimney 822 to prevent the temperature of the gas flowing through the chimney 822 from lowering. . Further, when the inside of the reactor containment vessel 811 is at a high temperature, the heat insulating material 800 of the chimney portion 822 is removed and heat conduction from the inside of the reactor containment vessel 811 through the wall portion 810 of the chimney portion 822 occurs. The temperature drop of the gas flowing through the chimney 822 is prevented, and the flow velocity of the gas flowing through the chimney 822 is improved. Therefore, in any case, the condenser 243 can efficiently exchange heat, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 811 is efficiently cooled by heat exchange.
  • the inside of the cooling tower 21 is filled with gas, but in the fluid cooling device 901 in this embodiment, water W (liquid) is stored in the inside of the cooling tower 921.
  • the partition portion 25 is provided from the chimney portion 22 to above the condenser 43.
  • the partition portion 925 is a plan view of the condenser 43. It arrange
  • the condenser 43 is immersed in the water W stored in the cooling tower 921. Further, the condenser 43 is disposed only inside the chimney 922 in plan view.
  • the cooling tower 921 extends downward continuously from the chimney 922 and extends to the middle part of the condenser 43 in the vertical direction, and is provided below the partition 925 and sandwiches the partition 925. And a flow path 926 that enables movement of the water W.
  • the fluid cooling device 901 configured in this way, when the heat load is high, the working fluid is efficiently liquefied by exchanging heat between the working fluid and the water W in the cooling tower 921 by the condenser 43. Is done. Further, when the heat load is low, the working fluid and the gas in the cooling tower 921 are heat-exchanged by the condenser 43, whereby the working fluid is reliably liquefied. Therefore, the liquid or gas in the cooling tower 921 can be selectively heat-exchanged according to the conditions so that the condenser 43 can efficiently exchange heat, and the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 can be exchanged by heat exchange. It is cooled efficiently.
  • the water W in the cooling tower 921 is introduced into the flow path 926 and is reliably introduced into the condenser 43 to exchange heat and reach a high temperature state, the water W can be raised above the chimney 922. Heat is efficiently exchanged in the condenser 43. Therefore, the steam in the reactor containment vessel 11 is efficiently cooled.
  • the earthquake resistance of the building 31 is also improved.
  • the chimney 922 of the cooling tower 921 having high earthquake resistance and the reactor containment vessel 11 also serve as the wall portion 810, the earthquake resistance of the reactor containment vessel 11 is also improved.
  • the third connection pipe 103 that guides the steam inside the steam generator 13 to the condenser 43 and the liquefied inside the condenser 43.
  • a fourth connecting pipe 104 that guides the steam to the steam generator 13.
  • one end of the third connection pipe 103 is connected to the steam generator 13 and the other end is connected to the condenser 43, and the steam is led out from the steam generator 13 and introduced into the condenser 43.
  • the condenser 43 liquefies the steam by heat-exchanging the steam from the third connection pipe 103 with the gas or water W (liquid) in the cooling tower 21.
  • the fourth connection pipe 104 has one end connected to the condenser 43 and the other end connected to the steam generator 13. The steam liquefied by the condenser 43 is led out from the condenser 43 to the steam generator 13. Introduce.
  • the steam generated in the steam generator 13 is led out from the third connection pipe 103, and heat is exchanged with the gas or water W in the cooling tower 21 by the condenser 43. Then, the steam is returned from the fourth connecting pipe 104 to the steam generator 13.
  • the steam when the heat load is high, the steam exchanges heat with the water W in the condenser 43, and when the heat load is low, the steam exchanges heat with the gas in the condenser 43. Therefore, by selecting water W or gas according to the heat load conditions, the steam generated in the steam generator 13 is also efficiently cooled by heat exchange.
  • the evaporator 41 and the condenser 43 are each provided with a seismic isolation device 112.
  • the vibration of the evaporator 41 and the condenser 43 is reduced by the seismic isolation device 112, so that the reliability of the evaporator 41 and the condenser 43 can be improved,
  • the mounting structure of the evaporator 41 and the condenser 43 can be simplified.
  • a plurality of gas storage portions 43 ⁇ / b> A that store non-condensable gas are provided on the top of the condenser 43.
  • the gas storage unit 43 ⁇ / b> A stores non-condensable gases such as dissolved oxygen and dissolved hydrogen that circulate in the condenser 43.
  • the gas storage part 43A is provided with a valve 43B. By opening the valve 43B, non-condensable gas can be discharged to the outside of the cooling tower 21 (see FIG. 1). Moreover, generation
  • production of non-condensable gas can be reduced by using deaerated water.
  • the density of the non-condensable gas is smaller than that of the vapor, so that the vapor moves upward. It stays in the upper part of the condenser 43.
  • the condenser 43 is provided with the gas storage part 43A, the non-condensable gas is stored in the gas storage part 43A and released to the outside of the cooling tower 21 by opening the valve 43B. Therefore, the flow resistance when the steam flows through the fluid cooling device 111A is suppressed, and a decrease in the heat exchange rate is prevented, so that heat can be exchanged efficiently.
  • the fluid cooling device 111 ⁇ / b> B adsorbs the non-condensable gas as a gas storage unit that stores the non-condensable gas in the upper part of the condenser 43.
  • a gas adsorption part 43C is provided.
  • the gas adsorption part 43C adsorbs the non-condensable gas circulating in the condenser 43.
  • the gas adsorbing portion 43C is provided with a valve 43D. By opening the valve 43D, non-condensable gas can be discharged to the outside of the cooling tower 21 (see FIG. 1).
  • the condenser 43 is provided with the gas adsorption unit 43C, the non-condensable gas is stored in the gas adsorption unit 43C, and the cooling tower 21 is opened by opening the valve 43D. Released to the outside. Therefore, the flow resistance when the steam flows through the fluid cooling device 111B is suppressed, and a decrease in the heat exchange rate is prevented, so that heat can be exchanged efficiently.
  • the nuclear power plant 10x includes a static heat removal device 120x.
  • the static heat removal apparatus 120x includes a reactor containment vessel 11x that stores a device 12x that forms a heat source such as a reactor and a steam generator, and a reactor containment vessel.
  • a heat exchanger hereinafter referred to as a first heat exchanger
  • a duct 20x installed outside the reactor containment vessel 11x
  • a heat exchanger (Hereinafter referred to as a second heat exchanger) 120x.
  • the first heat exchanger 110x is disposed near the side wall 11xa of the reactor containment vessel 11x.
  • the first heat exchanger 110x includes an upper header 111x, a lower header 112x arranged to face the lower side of the upper header 111x, and a plurality of heat absorption pipes 113x connected to the upper header 111x and the lower header 112x.
  • the duct 20x is disposed adjacent to the outside of the side wall 11xa of the reactor containment vessel 11x.
  • the duct 20x includes a storage chamber 21x that stores the second heat exchanger 120x, and a vertical duct chamber 22x that is provided adjacent to the storage chamber 21x.
  • An opening 21xba is provided in the bottom wall 21xb constituting the storage chamber 21x. Openings 21xca and 22xaa are respectively provided in the side wall portion 21xc of the storage chamber 21x and the side wall portion 22xa of the vertical duct chamber 22x, and the storage chamber 21x and the vertical duct chamber 22x communicate with each other.
  • An exhaust port 22xba is provided in the upper part of the vertical duct chamber 22x.
  • the air 2x passes from the outside through the opening 21xba, flows into the accommodating chamber 21x of the duct 20x, passes through the opening 21xca and the opening 22xaa, passes through the vertical duct chamber 22x, and then passes through the exhaust port 22xba. Exhausted.
  • the second heat exchanger 120x is connected to the upper header 121x, the lower header 122x arranged to face the lower side of the upper header 121x, and the upper header 121x and the lower header 122x. And a plurality of heat radiating pipes 123x.
  • the static heat removal apparatus described above includes an upper header connecting pipe 131x that connects the upper header 111x of the first heat exchanger 110x and the upper header 121x of the second heat exchanger 120x, and the first heat exchanger.
  • a lower header connecting pipe 132x that connects the lower header 112x of 110x and the lower header 122x of the second heat exchanger 120x is provided.
  • the upper header connecting pipe 131x is disposed through the through hole 11xaa formed in the side wall part 11xa of the reactor containment vessel 11x and the through hole 21xaa formed in the side wall part 21xa of the accommodating chamber 21x of the duct 20x.
  • the lower header connecting pipe 132x is disposed through the through hole 11xab formed in the side wall portion 11xa of the reactor containment vessel 11x and the through hole 21xab formed in the side wall portion 21xa of the accommodating chamber 21x of the duct 20x.
  • the upper header 121x of the second heat exchanger 120x is disposed above the upper header 111x of the first heat exchanger 110x.
  • the lower header 122x of the second heat exchanger 120x is disposed above the lower header 112x of the first heat exchanger 110x.
  • a liquid 101x such as water is sealed.
  • the static heat removal apparatus configured as described above will be described below.
  • the air 1x containing the surrounding water vapor is warmed accordingly, and an upward flow is generated in the air 1x around the device 12x, and the air in the vicinity of the heat absorption tube 113x of the first heat exchanger 110x.
  • 1x is cooled by heat exchange with the liquid 101x inside the endothermic tube 113x, and a downward flow is generated in the air 1x in the vicinity of the endothermic tube 113x.
  • the air 1x rises in the vicinity of the equipment 12x, circulates in the vicinity of the ceiling wall 11xb and the sidewall 11xa of the reactor containment vessel 11x, descends in the vicinity of the first heat exchanger 110x, and circulates in the vicinity of the equipment 12x. Will do. That is, convection of air 1x occurs in the reactor containment vessel 11x.
  • the liquid 101x in the heat absorption tube 113x of the first heat exchanger 110x is warmed by heat exchange with the air 1x in the vicinity of the heat absorption tube 113x, and an upward flow is generated in the liquid 101x in the heat absorption tube 113x.
  • the liquid 101x in the lower header 112x flows into the heat absorption pipe 113x, and the liquid 101x in the heat absorption pipe 113x flows to the upper header 111x, and the second heat exchanger via the upper header connection pipe 131x. It will be distributed to the upper header 121x of 120x.
  • Air 2x flows from the outside into the accommodation chamber 21x in which the second heat exchanger 120x is accommodated, and the liquid 101x in the heat radiating pipe 123x of the second heat exchanger 120x is air 2x in the vicinity of the heat radiating pipe 123x.
  • the liquid 101x in the heat radiating pipe 123x is cooled down by heat exchange.
  • the liquid 101x in the upper header 121x flows into the heat radiating pipe 123x, and the liquid 101x in the heat radiating pipe 123x circulates to the lower header 122x, via the lower header connecting pipe 132x. It will be distributed to the lower header 112x of 110x. That is, the circulation of the liquid 101x occurs in the first heat exchanger 110x, the upper header connection pipe 131x, the second heat exchanger 120x, and the lower header connection pipe 132x.
  • the liquid 101x heated by exchanging heat with the air 1x in the reactor containment vessel 11x by the first heat exchanger 110x is converted into the upper header connection pipe 131x.
  • the liquid 101x cooled by exchanging heat with the air 2x flowing into the duct 20x in the second heat exchanger 120x flows into the first heat exchanger 110x via the lower header connecting pipe 132x, and the liquid 101x is discharged.
  • the device will be circulated. Since the liquid 101x circulates in this way, a dynamic device such as a pump for circulating the liquid 101x is unnecessary, and the atmosphere inside the reactor containment vessel 11x is removed even when the power supply is lost. Can do.
  • the upper header connecting pipe 131x and the lower header connecting pipe 132x are for only the liquid 101x to circulate, and the pipe size can be reduced compared to a heat pipe through which liquid and gas circulate. Therefore, the through holes 11xaa and 11xab formed in the side wall portion 11xa of the reactor containment vessel 11x can be made smaller than when the heat pipe is inserted, and the usefulness of the sealed structure of the reactor containment vessel 11x is ensured. can do.
  • FIGS. A static heat removal apparatus according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • This embodiment changes the structure of the 1st heat exchanger with which the static heat removal apparatus which concerns on 14th embodiment mentioned above is comprised, Other than that concerns on the 14th embodiment mentioned above. It has the same equipment as the static heat removal device.
  • the same reference numerals are given to the same devices as the devices included in the static heat removal apparatus according to the fourteenth embodiment described above.
  • the static heat removal apparatus is a reactor containment vessel 11 x in which equipment (not shown) that forms a heat source such as a nuclear reactor and a steam generator is stored.
  • upper and lower header connecting pipes 131x and 132x for connecting the upper headers and the lower headers of the first and second heat exchangers 210x and 120x.
  • the two first heat exchangers 210x and 210x are disposed opposite to each other and are disposed in the vicinity of the side wall 11xa of the reactor containment vessel 11x.
  • the first heat exchanger 210x is connected to the upper header 211x, the lower header 212x arranged to face the lower side of the upper header 211x, and the upper header 211x and the lower header 212x.
  • the first upper header 211xa and the second upper header 211xb are connected to the upper header connecting pipe 131x via the upper header collecting pipe 215x.
  • lower headers 212x Adjacent lower headers 212x are arranged at an offset in the height direction, and a first lower header 212xa arranged on the upper side and a second lower header 212xb arranged on the lower side are arranged. Have. The first lower header 212xa and the second lower header 212xb are connected to the lower header connecting pipe 132x via the lower header collecting pipe 216x. The first upper header 211xa and the first lower header 212xa are arranged to face each other, and the second upper header 211xb and the second lower header 212xb are arranged to face each other.
  • the heat absorption pipe 213x includes a first heat absorption pipe 213xa connected to the first upper header 211xa and the first lower header 212xa, and a second heat absorption pipe connected to the second upper header 211xb and the second lower header 212xb. 213xb.
  • the air 1x smoothly flows between the first upper header 211xa and the second upper header 211xb and flows between the plurality of heat absorption tubes 213x, and also from between the plurality of heat absorption tubes 213x.
  • the air is smoothly exhausted between the lower header 212xa and the second lower header 212xb, and heat exchange between the air 1x and the liquid in the heat absorption pipe 213x can be performed efficiently.
  • a plurality of (eight in the illustrated example) vertical fins 214x are provided on the outer peripheral portions 213xaa and 213xba of the heat absorption tubes 213xa and 213xb.
  • the vertical fin 214x has a shape extending along the longitudinal direction of the heat absorption tubes 213xa and 213xb.
  • the first heat exchanger 210x includes a plurality of upper headers 211x and lower headers 212x, and the adjacent upper headers 211xa and 211xb are offset vertically.
  • the same effects as the static heat removal apparatus according to the first embodiment described above can be obtained.
  • the air 1x smoothly flows between the upper headers 211xa and 211xb, and the air 1x is smoothly exhausted between the lower headers 212xa and 212xb, so that the liquid in the heat absorption pipe 213x and the air in the vicinity of the heat absorption pipe 213x. Heat exchange with 1x can be performed more efficiently.
  • the static heat removal apparatus according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 24A, 24B, 24C, 25A and 25B.
  • the present embodiment is obtained by changing the configuration of the second heat exchanger included in the static heat removal apparatus according to the fourteenth embodiment described above, and other than that according to the fourteenth embodiment described above. It has the same equipment as the static heat removal device.
  • the static heat removal apparatus includes a second heat exchanger 320x as shown in FIGS. 24A, 24B, and 24C.
  • the second heat exchanger 320x includes a plurality of upper headers 321x, a plurality of lower headers 322x disposed opposite to the lower sides of the plurality of upper headers 321x, and a plurality of heat dissipations connected to the upper header 321x and the lower header 322x.
  • the heat radiating pipes 323x adjacent to each other in the air flow direction are arranged at positions that are offset with respect to the air flow direction.
  • a single heat exchanger is formed by one upper header 321x, one lower header 322x arranged opposite to the upper header 321x, and a plurality of radiating tubes 323x connected to the upper and lower headers 321x and 322x.
  • a plurality of ring fins 324x are provided along the axial direction on the outer peripheral portion 323xa of the above-described heat radiation pipe 323x.
  • the heat dissipating pipe 323x adjacent in the air flow direction is disposed at a position that is offset with respect to the air flow direction.
  • the effect similar to that of the static heat removal apparatus according to the embodiment is achieved, and air smoothly circulates between the plurality of heat radiating pipes 323x.
  • the liquid in the heat radiating pipe 323x and the air in the vicinity of the heat radiating pipe 323x Heat exchange is performed more efficiently.
  • FIGS. 26A and 26B A static heat removal apparatus according to the seventeenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 26A and 26B.
  • a resistance plate is added to the second heat exchanger provided in the static heat removal apparatus according to the fourteenth embodiment described above, and the rest are the same as in the fourteenth embodiment described above.
  • the same equipment as the static heat removal apparatus is provided.
  • the same devices as those included in the static heat removal apparatus according to the fourteenth embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the static heat removal apparatus includes a second heat exchanger 420x as shown in FIGS. 26A and 26B.
  • the second heat exchanger 420x includes a plurality of resistance plates 427x disposed between the plurality of heat radiating tubes 123x.
  • the plurality of resistor plates 427x are arranged at positions where the adjacent resistor plates 427x are offset vertically.
  • the resistance plate 427x is disposed so as to form a surface with respect to the gas flow direction.
  • a plurality of resistance plates 427x are arranged between the plurality of heat radiating pipes 123x included in the second heat exchanger 420x, and the adjacent resistance plates 427x have a height.
  • the resistance plate 427x prevents the straight travel and meanders and travels, and contacts the entire vertical direction of the plurality of heat radiating pipes 123x. As a result, heat exchange between the liquid in the heat radiating pipe 123x and the air in the vicinity of the heat radiating pipe 123x is performed more efficiently.
  • the static heat removal apparatus includes a reactor containment vessel 31x in which a device 32x that forms a high-temperature heat source such as a reactor and a steam generator is stored, and a reactor containment vessel 31x. And a heat exchanger (evaporator) 510x stored therein.
  • the heat exchanger 510x includes an upper header 511x, a lower header 512x disposed to face the lower side of the upper header 511x, and a plurality of heat absorption tubes 513x connected to the upper header 511x and the lower header 512x.
  • the static heat removal apparatus described above includes a liquid storage tank 541x that is stored in the reactor containment vessel 31x and stores liquid 501x such as water therein.
  • An upper header 511x and a lower header 512x of the heat exchanger 510x are connected to the liquid storage tank 541x. That is, the liquid 501x in the liquid storage tank 541x can be circulated from the lower header 512x into the heat exchanger 510x. Further, the gas 502x generated by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 510x can be circulated from the upper header 511x into the liquid storage tank 541x.
  • the static heat removal apparatus described above includes an exhaust pipe 542x that is connected to the vicinity of the ceiling plate 541xb in the side wall 541xa of the liquid storage tank 541x and extends to the outside of the reactor containment vessel 31x.
  • the exhaust pipe 542x is disposed through the through hole 31xaa formed in the side wall 31xa of the reactor containment vessel 31x.
  • a safety valve 543x is provided outside the reactor containment vessel 31x in the exhaust pipe 542x.
  • the air 4x containing the surrounding water vapor is warmed accordingly, and an upward flow is generated in the air 4x around the device 32x, and the air 4x in the vicinity of the heat absorption pipe 513x of the heat exchanger 510x absorbs heat. It is cooled by heat exchange with the liquid 501x inside the tube 513x, and a downward flow is generated in the air 4x in the vicinity of the heat absorption tube 513x.
  • the air 4x rises in the vicinity of the equipment 32x, circulates in the vicinity of the ceiling wall 31xb and the side wall 31xa of the reactor containment vessel 31x, descends in the vicinity of the heat exchanger 510x, and circulates in the vicinity of the equipment 32x. Become. That is, convection of air 4x occurs in the reactor containment vessel 31x.
  • the liquid 501x in the heat absorption pipe 513x of the heat exchanger 510x is warmed by heat exchange with the air 4x in the vicinity of the heat absorption pipe 513x, becomes high temperature, and evaporates to become a gas 502x.
  • the gas 502x flows from the upper header 511x to the liquid storage tank 541x, and is cooled by the liquid 501x stored in the liquid storage tank 541x to be partially liquefied.
  • the gas 502x flows from the liquid storage tank 541x to the exhaust pipe 542x, the safety valve 543x is released according to the amount of gas 502x generated (atmospheric pressure), and the gas 502x is exhausted to the outside. Will be. Further, since the heat exchanger 510x and the liquid storage tank 541x communicate with each other, even if the gas 502x is generated by the heat exchanger 510x and the liquid 501x in the heat exchanger 510x is reduced, the liquid 501x in the liquid storage tank 541x is reduced. Is automatically supplied to the heat exchanger 510x.
  • the liquid storage tank that stores the heat exchanger 510x in the reactor containment vessel 31x and is connected to the upper header 511x and the lower header 512x of the heat exchanger 510x.
  • 541x is stored, connected to the liquid storage tank 541x, an exhaust pipe 542x extending outside the reactor containment vessel 31x is installed, and a safety valve 543x is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 542x, so that the heat exchanger 510x
  • the gas 502x evaporated by heat exchange with the air 4x in the reactor containment vessel 31x is circulated to the liquid storage tank 541x, and a part thereof is cooled and liquefied by the liquid 501x in the liquid storage tank 541x, and the remainder is exhausted.
  • the exhaust pipe 542x serves as a pipe for exhausting outside the system, the pipe size can be reduced as compared with a circulation type heat pipe. Therefore, the through hole 31xaa formed in the side wall portion 31xa of the reactor containment vessel 31x can be made smaller than when the heat pipe is inserted, and the usefulness of the sealed structure of the reactor containment vessel 31x is ensured. Can do.
  • FIG. 1 A static heat removal apparatus according to the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • a liquid supply pipe connected to the liquid storage tank provided in the static heat removal apparatus according to the eighteenth embodiment described above is added, and the rest are the same as in the eighteenth embodiment described above.
  • the same equipment as the static heat removal apparatus is provided.
  • the same devices as those included in the static heat removal apparatus according to the eighteenth embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the static heat removal apparatus is connected to the vicinity of the bottom plate portion 541xc in the side wall portion 541xa of the liquid storage tank 541x, and extends to the outside of the reactor containment vessel 31x. 544x.
  • the liquid supply pipe 544x is disposed through the through hole 31xab formed in the side wall 31xa of the reactor containment vessel 31x.
  • a flow rate adjusting valve 545x is provided outside the reactor containment vessel 31x in the liquid supply pipe 544x.
  • the flow rate adjustment valve 545x By providing the liquid supply pipe 544x and the flow rate adjustment valve 545x as described above, when the liquid 501x in the liquid storage tank 541x decreases, the flow rate adjustment valve 545x is opened in accordance with the decrease, and the liquid storage tank through the liquid supply pipe 544x.
  • the liquid 501x can be supplied to 541x. Thereby, the amount of the liquid 501x in the liquid storage tank 541x can be kept constant, and the heat removal from the atmosphere inside the reactor containment vessel 31x can be continuously performed.
  • the liquid supply pipe 544x that is connected to the liquid storage tank 541x and extends to the outside of the reactor containment vessel 31x is installed, and the liquid supply pipe 544x is in the middle.
  • the static heat removal apparatus according to the first to nineteenth embodiments can be applied to or combined with the static heat removal apparatus according to other embodiments.
  • the static heat removal apparatus in which the liquid storage tank 541x is stored in the reactor containment vessel 31x has been described.
  • the liquid storage tank is installed outside the reactor containment vessel. It is also possible to use a static heat removal device.
  • the static heat removal apparatus applied to a nuclear power plant having a reactor containment vessel for storing a device that forms a high-temperature heat source such as a nuclear reactor or a steam generator has been described, but a device that forms a high-temperature heat source is described. It is also possible to apply to a chemical plant or the like that includes a storage container for accommodating.
  • Fluid cooling device 11 811 ... Reactor containment vessel 11A ... Reactor containment vessel inner wall 12 ... Reactor 13 ... Steam generator 21, 221, 721, 821, 921 ... cooling tower 22, 222, 422, 822, 922 ... chimney 23, 223 ... cooling inlet (inlet) 31 ... building 41, 541 ... evaporator 42 ... first connection pipe 43, 243, 743 ... condenser 44 ... second connecting pipe 103 ... third connecting pipe 104 ... fourth connecting pipe 112 ... seismic isolation device 300 ... cooling unit 400, 800 ... heat insulating material 500 ...
  • evaporative heat transfer pipe 511 ... evaporator Inlet header 512 ... Evaporator outlet header 600 ... Evaporation fins 711 ... First condenser 712 ... Second condenser 703 ... Heat transfer tube 704 ... Condensation fin 705 ... Horizontal fin W ... Water (liquid) 810 ... Wall part of chimney 925 ... Partition part 926 ... Flow path 1x, 2x, 4x ... Air 11x ... Reactor containment vessel 12x ... Equipment 20x ... Duct 21x ... containment chamber 22x ... vertical duct chamber 31x ... reactor containment vessel 32x ... equipment 101x ... liquid 110x ... first heat exchanger 111x ... upper header 112x ...

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de refroidissement de fluide comprenant : un évaporateur qui est disposé dans une cuve de confinement de réacteur nucléaire et qui permet à la vapeur dans la cuve de confinement de réacteur nucléaire et au fluide de travail dans l'évaporateur d'échanger de la chaleur, ce qui refroidit la vapeur et vaporise le fluide de travail ; un premier tube de raccordement qui achemine le fluide de travail vaporisé à partir de l'évaporateur ; un condenseur qui est disposé dans une tour de refroidissement à l'extérieur de la cuve de confinement de réacteur nucléaire, est raccordé au premier tuyau de raccordement, et permet au fluide de travail vaporisé provenant du premier tuyau de raccordement d'échanger de la chaleur avec un gaz à l'intérieur de la tour de refroidissement, ce qui augmente la température du gaz et liquéfie le fluide de travail ; et un second tuyau de raccordement pour conduire le fluide de travail liquéfié du condenseur à l'évaporateur.
PCT/JP2012/081196 2011-12-02 2012-11-30 Dispositif de refroidissement de fluide, dispositif d'élimination de chaleur statique, centrale nucléaire avec dispositif de refroidissement de fluide, et centrale nucléaire avec dispositif d'élimination de chaleur statique WO2013081148A1 (fr)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014020882A (ja) * 2012-07-17 2014-02-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 流体冷却装置
JP2014035264A (ja) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-24 Toshiba Corp 冷却装置
JP2015137905A (ja) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-30 株式会社日立製作所 原子炉格納容器及び原子炉
KR101628170B1 (ko) * 2015-07-08 2016-06-08 한국원자력연구원 피동격납부냉각계통 및 이를 구비하는 원전
WO2016167593A1 (fr) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 한국원자력연구원 Réacteur nucléaire sans personnel à fonction d'auto-diagnostic et de gestion d'accident
KR101669908B1 (ko) 2015-07-21 2016-10-27 한국원자력연구원 공랭식 냉각장치 및 이를 구비하는 원전
JP2016194419A (ja) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-17 三菱重工業株式会社 原子炉の安全システム
KR101695363B1 (ko) * 2015-09-10 2017-01-11 한국원자력연구원 피동안전계통 및 이를 구비하는 원전
WO2017031494A1 (fr) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-23 Holtec International Système de refroidissement à sec destiné à des centrales électriques
US10161683B2 (en) 2015-08-20 2018-12-25 Holtec International Dry cooling system for powerplants
WO2019221351A1 (fr) 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Dispositif de transfert de chaleur équipé d'une structure de pompage
WO2022002355A1 (fr) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-06 Framatome Gmbh Centrale nucléaire
KR20220029922A (ko) * 2020-09-02 2022-03-10 한국원자력연구원 피동냉각 설비, 피동냉각 장치 및 피동냉각 방법

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JPH02253196A (ja) * 1989-03-28 1990-10-11 Toshiba Corp 自然放熱型格納容器の冷却装置
JPH05157877A (ja) * 1991-12-09 1993-06-25 Toshiba Corp 原子力発電所の冷却設備
JPH0688893A (ja) * 1992-09-07 1994-03-29 Tokai Univ 原子炉の崩壊熱除去システム
JP2001228280A (ja) * 2000-02-21 2001-08-24 Hitachi Ltd 原子炉
JP2006138744A (ja) * 2004-11-12 2006-06-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 原子炉の冷却装置
JP2010112772A (ja) * 2008-11-05 2010-05-20 Hitachi-Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd 原子力プラント及び制御方法
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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014020882A (ja) * 2012-07-17 2014-02-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 流体冷却装置
JP2014035264A (ja) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-24 Toshiba Corp 冷却装置
JP2015137905A (ja) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-30 株式会社日立製作所 原子炉格納容器及び原子炉
JP2016194419A (ja) * 2015-03-31 2016-11-17 三菱重工業株式会社 原子炉の安全システム
JP2018513374A (ja) * 2015-04-17 2018-05-24 コリア アトミック エナジー リサーチ インスティチュート 自己診断事故対処無人原子炉
WO2016167593A1 (fr) * 2015-04-17 2016-10-20 한국원자력연구원 Réacteur nucléaire sans personnel à fonction d'auto-diagnostic et de gestion d'accident
US10811148B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2020-10-20 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Self-diagnosis and accident-handling unmanned nuclear reactor
KR101628170B1 (ko) * 2015-07-08 2016-06-08 한국원자력연구원 피동격납부냉각계통 및 이를 구비하는 원전
KR101669908B1 (ko) 2015-07-21 2016-10-27 한국원자력연구원 공랭식 냉각장치 및 이를 구비하는 원전
US10132568B2 (en) 2015-08-20 2018-11-20 Holtec International Dry cooling system for powerplants
WO2017031494A1 (fr) * 2015-08-20 2017-02-23 Holtec International Système de refroidissement à sec destiné à des centrales électriques
US10161683B2 (en) 2015-08-20 2018-12-25 Holtec International Dry cooling system for powerplants
KR101695363B1 (ko) * 2015-09-10 2017-01-11 한국원자력연구원 피동안전계통 및 이를 구비하는 원전
WO2019221351A1 (fr) 2018-05-15 2019-11-21 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Dispositif de transfert de chaleur équipé d'une structure de pompage
US20210225535A1 (en) * 2018-05-15 2021-07-22 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Heat transferring device with pumping structure
EP3794614A4 (fr) * 2018-05-15 2022-01-19 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Dispositif de transfert de chaleur équipé d'une structure de pompage
US12073949B2 (en) * 2018-05-15 2024-08-27 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Heat transferring device with a working fluid in a closed loop utilizing gravity and pressure
WO2022002355A1 (fr) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-06 Framatome Gmbh Centrale nucléaire
KR20220029922A (ko) * 2020-09-02 2022-03-10 한국원자력연구원 피동냉각 설비, 피동냉각 장치 및 피동냉각 방법
KR102548489B1 (ko) 2020-09-02 2023-06-28 한국원자력연구원 피동냉각 설비, 피동냉각 장치 및 피동냉각 방법

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