WO2013080857A1 - Élément de conversion d'énergie et son procédé de fabrication, et procédé pour déterminer le module d'young d'un élément amortisseur d'élément de conversion d'énergie - Google Patents

Élément de conversion d'énergie et son procédé de fabrication, et procédé pour déterminer le module d'young d'un élément amortisseur d'élément de conversion d'énergie Download PDF

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WO2013080857A1
WO2013080857A1 PCT/JP2012/080176 JP2012080176W WO2013080857A1 WO 2013080857 A1 WO2013080857 A1 WO 2013080857A1 JP 2012080176 W JP2012080176 W JP 2012080176W WO 2013080857 A1 WO2013080857 A1 WO 2013080857A1
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Prior art keywords
power generation
damping member
young
conversion element
vibration source
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PCT/JP2012/080176
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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佐々木　勉
坂下　幸雄
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富士フイルム株式会社
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H10N30/09—Forming piezoelectric or electrostrictive materials
    • H10N30/098—Forming organic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/30—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with mechanical input and electrical output, e.g. functioning as generators or sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/80—Constructional details
    • H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
    • H10N30/857—Macromolecular compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an energy conversion element that converts mechanical energy of vibration of a vibration source into electric energy, a method for manufacturing the energy conversion element, and a method for determining a Young's modulus of a damping member of the energy conversion element.
  • piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics such as lead zirconate titanate (PZT), single crystals such as quartz (quartz) or lithium niobate, or piezoelectric polymers such as PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), provide mechanical energy. It is used in various piezoelectric sensors that convert electrical energy, and conversely, various piezoelectric actuators that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. In recent years, in order to eliminate the need to replace the battery of the power circuit, etc., in the field of timepieces or tire measurement, such a piezoelectric material is used to convert mechanical energy of vibrations of various vibration sources into electrical energy. It has been proposed to supply and store the extracted electric energy to a power supply circuit and supply the stored electric energy to various electric circuits (for example, Patent Documents). 1 and 2).
  • the power generation device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a sandwich structure in which a piezoelectric layer is formed on both surfaces of a metal shim material serving as a support layer, and one end (fixed end) is fixed and cantilevered. It consists of a cantilever-like vibrating piece with a U-shaped weight attached to the other unfixed end (free end), and the free end weight is struck by the cam of the drive system The vibration piece is vibrated to repeatedly generate strain in the piezoelectric layer, and the vibration energy of the vibration piece is converted into electric energy.
  • a sealing layer containing hard fine particles is provided between the surface of the fixed end of the resonator element and the surface to be fixed, and the gaps and minute irregularities on each surface are filled with fine particles to increase the rigidity of the fixed part. It has been proposed to realize a resonator element that is improved and has less vibration leakage from the fixed part and less attenuation due to mechanical loss.
  • the power generation device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a system that generates electric power from mechanical energy of a rotating tire using a reinforced piezoelectric material, and includes a piezoelectric structure and an energy storage device.
  • a plate-like piezoelectric fiber composite structure (active fiber composite (AFC)) including a plurality of piezoelectric fibers made of various piezoelectric materials embedded in a resin matrix such as an epoxy resin in alignment in almost one direction. And electrode layers are disposed on both surfaces thereof.
  • AFC active fiber composite
  • Such a piezoelectric structure is a printed circuit board (PCB) material made of fiberglass or similar material or a high modulus rubber to uniformly disperse the mechanical strain generated by the rotating tire in the piezoelectric structure. It is attached to a support substrate made of a compound.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the piezoelectric structure is mounted in the tire via a support substrate, and generates an electric charge when the wheel moves on the ground.
  • the electrode layer of the piezoelectric structure is connected to a power module that rectifies the current and stores electrical energy in an energy storage device such as an electrolytic capacitor or a rechargeable battery.
  • the energy storage device supplies the stored electrical energy to various electronic components incorporated in a tire or a wheel.
  • a piezoelectric material is directly laminated on a vibration source by using a film forming technique such as vapor deposition or sputtering, and directly bonded using an adhesive or the like.
  • vibrations that are mechanical energy may cause problems such as destruction of the power generation member and separation of various members from the vibration source.
  • the piezoelectric material that can be used for power generation with respect to the vibration source is limited, the vibration source that can be used by the piezoelectric material is limited, Since the size or frequency is limited, there is a problem that the power generation capability of the piezoelectric material cannot be fully utilized, and the vibration energy of the vibration source cannot be converted into electric energy sufficiently efficiently.
  • the rotational force of the rotary weight is converted into the movement of the arm and body of the user wearing the wristwatch device having this, the rotational force is transmitted, and the cam is driven,
  • the vibration of the vibration source is limited to that predicted in advance, It seems that the piezoelectric material layer directly laminated on the both sides of the shim material is prevented from being destroyed.
  • the piezoelectric material is used as a piezoelectric material, and the piezoelectric structure in which a plurality of piezoelectric fibers are embedded in a resin matrix is used to prevent the piezoelectric material from being damaged and cracked.
  • the piezoelectric structure by attaching such a piezoelectric structure to the inner surface of the tire serving as a vibration source via a support substrate serving as a damping member, mechanical strain can be further increased by imparting uniform rigidity to the piezoelectric structure.
  • the Young's modulus of the resin matrix and the support substrate is not considered at all, and the power generation capability of the piezoelectric material cannot be fully utilized, and the vibration energy of the vibration source can be converted into electric energy sufficiently efficiently. There was a problem that it could not be said.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to transmit the maximum strain and stress of the vibration source without destroying the functional member for generating electricity and without peeling various members from the vibration source.
  • Energy conversion element capable of making full use of the power generation capability of the piezoelectric material and converting vibration energy of the vibration source into electric energy sufficiently efficiently, and a method of manufacturing the same, and a damping member of the energy conversion element It is to provide a method for determining the rate.
  • the energy conversion element according to the first aspect of the present invention is joined to a vibration source having a predetermined strain amount, and converts the mechanical energy of the vibration of the vibration source into electric energy.
  • a damping member joined to the vibration source for reducing the vibration of the vibration source, and joined to the damping member for converting mechanical energy of the relaxed vibration of the vibration source into electric energy.
  • the determined strain amount is Z
  • f (y) is a function of the Young's modulus y of the damping member whose coefficient is determined according to the thickness of the damping member according to T
  • the Young's modulus y of the damping member is expressed by the following inequality (1) is satisfied.
  • the method for manufacturing the energy conversion element according to the second aspect of the present invention and the method for determining the Young's modulus of the damping member of the energy conversion element according to the third aspect of the present invention include a predetermined strain.
  • a member and an electrode for taking out the electric energy converted by the power generation member, and a joint surface between the power generation member and the damping member, and a joint surface between the vibration source and the damping member are
  • the Young's modulus of the power generation member is (MPa), S (y) for the distortion at the joint surface with the power generation member relaxed by the damping member, T (m) for the thickness of the damping member, y (MPa) for the damping member, ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2
  • the lower limit strength (MPa) and elastic limit strength (MPa) of the power generation member, the amount of strain determined by the vibration source is Z
  • f (y) is a damping member whose coefficient is determined according to the thickness of the damping member.
  • the power generation member is piezoelectric ceramic
  • the Young's modulus is Eb (MPa)
  • the strain at the joint surface of the damping member with the power generation member is Sb (y)
  • A2 is the coefficient
  • Sb (y) A2 * y * Z (I) 0 ⁇ T ⁇ 0.001 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ A2 ⁇ 2.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 (Ii) 0.001 ⁇ T ⁇ 0.01 1.6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ A2 ⁇ 2.2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 (Iii) 0.01 ⁇ T ⁇ 0.02 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ A2 ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6
  • the strain Sb (y) at the joining surface of the damping member with the power generation member is preferably given by the following inequality (2b).
  • the strain Sb (y) at the joining surface of the damping member with the power generation member can be given by the following inequality (3b). preferable.
  • Piezoelectric ceramics include lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead titanate, lead lanthanum zirconate titanate, magnesium niobate / lead titanate solid solution (PMN-PT), and nickel niobate / lead titanate solid solution (PNN-PT). ) Lead-based piezoelectric ceramics composed of relaxor-based ferroelectrics, and lead-free piezoelectric ceramics composed of barium titanate, potassium niobate (KN), KNN, bismuth ferrite (BFO), BNT, BKT, and their solid solutions It is preferably one selected from ceramics.
  • PZT lead zirconate titanate
  • PMN-PT magnesium niobate / lead titanate solid solution
  • PNN-PT nickel niobate / lead titanate solid solution
  • Lead-based piezoelectric ceramics composed of relaxor-based ferroelectrics
  • lead-free piezoelectric ceramics composed of barium titanate, potassium ni
  • the power generation member is a piezoelectric polymer, and when the Young's modulus is Ep (MPa), the distortion at the joint surface of the damping member with the power generation member is Sp (y), and A3 and A4 are coefficients, the damping member It is preferable that the Young's modulus y satisfies the following inequality (1p).
  • the strain Sp (y) at the joint surface of the damping member with the power generation member is preferably given by the following inequality (2p).
  • the strain Sp (y) at the joining surface of the damping member with the power generation member is given by the following inequality (3p). Is preferred.
  • the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 of the piezoelectric polymer is 50 MPa
  • the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 is 25 MPa
  • the inequality (1p) is preferably represented by the following formula (4p). 25 ⁇ Ep * Sp (y) ⁇ 50 (4p)
  • the piezoelectric polymer is preferably one selected from a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ferroelectric and a vinylidene fluoride trifluoride copolymer ferroelectric.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the bonding surface between the power generation member and the damping member and the bonding surface between the vibration source and the damping member are bonded with an adhesive.
  • the rigidity of the damping member, which is joined to the vibration source having a predetermined strain amount and alleviates the vibration that is, the Young's modulus can be appropriately determined according to the vibration source, so that electric power is generated. Without damaging the functional members or peeling various members from the vibration source, the maximum strain and stress of the vibration source can be transmitted, and the power generation capability of the piezoelectric material can be fully utilized. Vibration energy can be converted into electric energy sufficiently efficiently.
  • FIG. 1 It is typical sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the energy conversion element which concerns on this invention.
  • (A), (b), and (c) are typical sectional views showing the state before the deformation of the damping member used for explaining the damping rate, after the extension, and after the compression, respectively.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an energy conversion element according to the present invention.
  • the energy conversion element 10 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is bonded to a vibration source 12, a damping member 16 bonded to the vibration source 12 via an adhesive layer 14, and an adhesive layer 18 to the damping member 16.
  • the vibration source 12 vibrates with a predetermined strain amount Z, for example, 1% strain, and supplies the vibration energy as mechanical energy generated by the energy conversion element 10 of the present invention.
  • the vibration source 12 used in the present invention the bonding surface 12a bonded to the bonding surface 16a of the damping member 16 through the adhesive layer 14 is provided in a direction parallel to the vibration direction indicated by the arrow a in the drawing.
  • any vibration source may be used. Examples include various tires, floors, building dampers, vehicles such as automobiles, particularly suspensions, bridges, highways, waves, and the like. .
  • the strain amount (Z) of the vibration source 12 is not particularly limited, but in the case of a piezoelectric material, particularly a piezoelectric ceramic and a piezoelectric polymer as the power generation member 20, it is more than 0 and less than 0.1 (0 ⁇ Z ⁇ 0.1), more preferably 0.001 or more and 0.05 or less (0.001 to 0.05).
  • the reason for this is that when power is generated using this piezoelectric material, if the strain is within this range, the stress that causes the strain within this range is easily relaxed by the damping member 16 and the piezoelectric material is destroyed. This is because the power generation capability of the piezoelectric material can be fully utilized to generate power sufficiently efficiently.
  • the damping member 16 has a joint surface 16 a joined to the joint surface 12 a of the vibration source 12 via the adhesive layer 14, so that the vibration of the vibration source 12 is reduced.
  • the damping member 16 used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and relieves the vibration of the vibration source 12 in the vibration direction indicated by the arrow a in the figure, that is, the distortion of the vibration of the vibration source 12 with a required attenuation rate. Any material can be used as long as it can be attenuated and the attenuation rate can be controlled by its Young's modulus (rigidity). The reason is that the damping member 16 attenuates the vibration distortion of the vibration source 12 to a distortion that can sufficiently generate power to the power generation member 20 by fully utilizing its power generation capability without destroying the power generation member 20. It is because it can be made.
  • damping member 16 examples include rubber materials such as NBR (acrylonitrile rubber), high elastic modulus rubber compound, conductive rubber, and other various elastomers. The details of the damping member 16 used in the present invention will be described later.
  • the power generation member 20 has a joining surface 20a joined to the joining surface 16b of the damping member 16 via the adhesive layer 18, and converts the mechanical energy of vibration of the vibration source 12 relaxed by the damping member 16 into electrical energy. That is, it is for generating electricity.
  • the power generation member 20 used in the present invention is a sheet-like or plate-like member whose one surface serves as a joint surface 20a with the joint surface 16b of the damping member 16, and is distorted in a direction parallel to the joint surface 20a.
  • any one of them may be used, and examples thereof include piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric polymers, and single crystals. Among them, piezoelectric ceramics and piezoelectric polymers are preferable. The reason for this is that piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric polymers, and the like may be destroyed when directly attached to the vibration source 12 with an adhesive or the like depending on the amount of vibration distortion of the vibration source 12. This is because the power generation capacity can be fully utilized by attenuating the amount.
  • examples of the piezoelectric ceramic include lead zirconate titanate (PZT), lead titanate, lead lanthanum zirconate titanate, magnesium niobate / lead titanate solid solution (PMN-PT), and nickel niobate / titanate.
  • Lead-based piezoelectric ceramics such as relaxor ferroelectrics such as lead solid solution (PNN-PT), and barium titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate (KN), sodium potassium niobate (KNN), bismuth ferrite (BFO)
  • lead-free piezoelectric ceramics such as sodium bismuth titanate (BNT), potassium bismuth titanate (BKT), and solid solutions thereof.
  • examples of the piezoelectric polymer include ferroelectrics such as PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and vinylidene fluoride trifluoride copolymer.
  • examples of the single crystal include a single crystal such as quartz (quartz) and lithium niobate, a relaxor single crystal (such as PMN-PT and PZN-PT), and a lead-free piezoelectric single crystal. .
  • the electrodes 22 and 24 are attached to the surfaces on both sides of the power generation member 20, and are used to extract electric energy generated by the power generation member 20.
  • the electrode 22 is a joint surface of the power generation member 20 on the damping member 16 side. 20a (the lower surface on the lower side in FIG. 1), and the electrode 24 is electrically connected to the surface 20b (the upper surface on the upper side in FIG. 1) of the power generation member 20 on the opposite side to the damping member 16.
  • the electrodes 22 and 24 may be fabricated on the entire surfaces of both surfaces of the power generation member 20, but may be pattern electrodes or the like depending on the device.
  • any electrode can be used as long as it can be electrically connected to the power generation member 20 and the electrical connection is not cut off due to distortion of the power generation member 20 due to vibration of the vibration source 12.
  • a conductive material may be used. Examples of such a conductive material include metal materials such as gold, silver, copper, and aluminum, and conductive rubber.
  • the electrodes 22 and 24 may be provided as electrode layers on the bonding surface 20a and the surface 20b of the power generation member 20 facing each other.
  • Such an electrode layer can be formed using a known screen printing technique and a conductive ink such as an epoxy resin containing silver, carbon, or graphite.
  • the electrodes 22 and 24 are described as being formed on the entire surface of the joint surface 20a and the surface 20b facing each other of the power generation member 20, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the power generation member As long as electrical energy can be efficiently extracted from 20, it may be formed on part or all of the joint surface 20a and the surface 20b.
  • the adhesive layer 14 joins the joint surface (upper surface in the figure) 12a of the vibration source 12 and the joint surface (lower surface in the figure) 16a of the damping member 16, and the adhesive layer 18 joins the joint surface (upper surface in the figure). ) 16b and the joining surface (lower surface in the figure) 20a of the power generation member 20 are joined together, and both joining surfaces are strongly bonded with an adhesive or the like.
  • the adhesive used as the adhesive layers 14 and 18 may be any adhesive as long as the above-described joint surfaces do not peel off due to vibration of the vibration source 12, and the thickness of the adhesive layers 14 and 18, ie, the joint.
  • the thickness of the adhesive applied to the surface may be any thickness, and the adhesive strength between the joint surfaces is not particularly limited.
  • the joining surface 16 a (lower surface) of the damping member 16 is a joining surface with the joining surface 12 a (upper surface) of the vibration source 12.
  • This joining surface 16b (upper surface) can be regarded as a joining surface with the joining surface 20a (lower surface) of the power generation member 20.
  • the damping member 16 relaxes the vibration of the vibration source 12, fully utilizes the power generation capability of the vibration source 12 without damaging the power generation member 20, and generates the power generation member.
  • the vibration distortion of the vibration source 12 is attenuated at a required attenuation ratio according to its Young's modulus (rigidity) and thickness.
  • the Young's modulus y and thickness T of the member 16 and the distance t from the vibration source 12 satisfy the following inequality (1).
  • E is the Young's modulus (MPa) of the power generation member 20
  • y is the Young's modulus of the damping member 16
  • S (y) is relaxed (attenuated) by the damping member 16.
  • T is the distance (m) from the vibration source 12
  • T is the thickness (m) of the damping member 16
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the lower limit strengths ( MPa) and elastic limit strength (MPa)
  • Z is the amount of strain determined by the vibration source 12.
  • the stress ⁇ applied to the power generation member 20 in order to generate electric power by converting the vibration energy of the vibration source 12 into electric energy, the stress ⁇ applied to the power generation member 20 must be less than the stress at which the power generation member 20 is not destroyed. If the elastic limit strength (MPa) is 20, it is necessary that ⁇ ⁇ 2. On the other hand, if the stress ⁇ applied to the power generation member 20 is too low, the power generation efficiency is lowered, which is not desirable. Therefore, when ⁇ 1 is the lower limit strength (MPa) of the power generation member 20, ⁇ 1 ⁇ needs to be satisfied.
  • the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 may be defined as the minimum stress that can be generated. Therefore, the stress ⁇ applied to the power generation member 20 needs to satisfy the following inequality (5).
  • FIG. 2A When the damping member 16 that is not subjected to tensile stress or compressive stress and is not distorted is represented in FIG. 2A, as shown in FIG. 2B, the joining surface 16a of the damping member 16 (in the drawing) The lower surface is extended by an elongation amount ⁇ a due to the strain amount Z by the vibration source 12, and the damping surface 16 causes the joining surface 16b (upper surface in the figure) opposite to the joining surface 16a to extend by the elongation amount ⁇ b.
  • the elongation ⁇ b of the joining surface 16b (upper surface) of the damping member 16 can be converted into a distortion of the joining surface 16b (upper surface) of the damping member 16 by using the entire length (damper length). Therefore, the joining surface 16b ( Since the upper surface strain S depends on the Young's modulus y and the thickness T of the damping member 16, the case is classified according to the thickness T, and is described above as a function of the Young's modulus y and the strain amount Z determined by the vibration source 12.
  • S (y) can be expressed as, for example, Sb (y) in the case of piezoelectric ceramics and Sp (y) in the case of piezoelectric polymers.
  • the bonding surface 16b that is the upper surface of the damping member 16 is bonded to the bonding surface 20a of the power generation member 20 by the adhesive layer 18, and therefore the bonding surface 16b (
  • the upper surface strain S (y) (Sb (y), Sp (y)) can be regarded as equivalent to the strain ⁇ of the power generation member 20 in the direction a parallel to the joint surface 16a of the power generation member 20. Therefore, the following inequality (1), for example, (1a) and (1b) can be obtained from the inequality (8).
  • Ep and Eb are Young's moduli when the power generation member 20 is a piezoelectric polymer and a piezoelectric ceramic, respectively.
  • the distortion S (y) of the joining surface 16b (upper surface) of the damping member 16 is preferably expressed by the following equation using a function f (y) set according to the power generation member 20.
  • the function f (y) is a function of the Young's modulus y of the damping member 16, the coefficient of which determines the thickness of the damping member 16 according to T.
  • the function f (y) is set according to the type of the power generation member 20, and in the present invention, the power generation member 20 is a piezoelectric ceramic, a piezoelectric polymer, and a single crystal, respectively. What is necessary is just to ask
  • the case is classified according to the thickness T of the damping member 16, and the Young's modulus y and the bonding surface of the damping member 16 according to the type of the power generation member 20 with respect to the strain amount Z determined by the vibration source 12.
  • the function f (y) may be set by obtaining the relationship with the distortion S (y) of 16b (upper surface).
  • the reason why the thickness T of the damping member 16 is limited to more than 0 m and less than 0.02 m (20 mm) is that, in view of the device shape, other restrictions are large at 20 mm or more.
  • the reason why the distance t from the vibration source 12 is limited to more than 0 m and less than 0.02 m (20 mm) is that, in view of the device shape, other restrictions are large at 20 mm or more.
  • the Young's modulus y of the damping member 16 is limited to more than 0 MPa and less than 50000 MPa because if it is harder than that, it is harder than the main power generating member and therefore does not function as a damping member.
  • the strain Sb (y) of the joining surface 16b (upper surface) of the damping member 16 is preferably expressed by the following equation when A2 is a coefficient.
  • the coefficient A2 is more preferably the following value.
  • the present inventor uses NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber) as the damping member 16, C-91H (piezoelectric ceramics made by Fuji Ceramics) as the power generation member 20, sets the thickness of the power generation member 20 to 0.1 mm, and deforms the damping member 16.
  • NBR nonrile butadiene rubber
  • C-91H pieoelectric ceramics made by Fuji Ceramics
  • the Young's modulus y of the damping member 16 is set for each of three types of thicknesses T (m) of the damping member 16 of 0.1 mm, 5 mm, and 15 mm.
  • the thickness T is changed to 5 types of 2 MPa, 20 MPa, 200 MPa, 1 GPa, and 2 GPa, respectively, and the joint surface 16a (lower surface) of the damping member 16 is equal to a strain Z of 0.01 of the vibration source 12 at 0.
  • the displacement (elongation) ⁇ b (m) of the joining surface 16b (upper surface) of the damping member 16 when a forced displacement (elongation) ⁇ a of .01 is applied is obtained.
  • the displacement (elongation) ⁇ b (m) of the joining surface 16b (upper surface) of the damping member 16 when a forced displacement (elongation) ⁇ a of .01 is applied is obtained.
  • Was determined value of the strain from the displacement amount determined Sb (y) ( ⁇ b / L).
  • the result is shown in FIG. Therefore, the present inventor has found that the result shown in FIG. 3 can be expressed by the above formula as a result of function approximation. The inventor has confirmed that the above equation holds within the range
  • the strain Sp (y) of the joining surface 16b (upper surface) of the damping member 16 is preferably expressed by the following equation when A3 and A4 are coefficients. .
  • the inventor uses NBR as the damping member 16, PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) as the power generation member 20, sets the thickness of the power generation member 20 to 1 mm, and sets the total length L (m) in the deformation (distortion) direction of the damping member 16.
  • the thickness T (m) of the damping member 16 is 0.1 mm, 5 mm, and 15 mm when the thickness is 100 mm
  • the Young's modulus y of the damping member 16 is 0.2 MPa for each thickness T.
  • the forced displacement (elongation) ⁇ a of 0.01 equal to the 0.01 strain Z of the vibration source 12 on the joining surface 16a (lower surface) of the damping member 16 is changed to five types of 2 MPa, 20 MPa, 200 MPa, and 2 GPa.
  • the result is shown in FIG. Therefore, the present inventor has found that the result shown in FIG. 4 can be expressed by the above formula as a result of function approximation. The inventor has confirmed that the above equation holds in the range of the coefficients A3 and A4 even when the strain amount Z of the vibration source 12 is changed.
  • the reason why the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of the power generation member 20 is expressed as ⁇ 2 / 2 is 1 ⁇ 2 from the viewpoint of increasing the power generation efficiency of the power generation member 20, and it is not practical to be lower than this. It is.
  • the elastic limit strain Z 0 of the power generating member 20 when the power generating member 20 is piezoelectric ceramic is given by 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3
  • the power generating member 20 and the damping member 16 The above inequality (2b) for the interface strain Sb (y) can be expressed as the following inequality (3b).
  • the elastic limit strain Z 0 of the generator member 20 what a 1.0 ⁇ 10 -3, be added to the load to cause distortion of less than 1.0 ⁇ 10 -3 in various piezoelectric ceramics, This is because the power generation member 20 does not break.
  • the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of the power generation member 20 is 30 MPa.
  • the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 of the power generation member 20 can be 60 MPa, and the inequality (1b) for the strain Sb (y) of the interface (bonding surface) between the power generation member 20 and the damping member 16 is It can be expressed as the following inequality (4b).
  • the reason why the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 of the power generation member 20 is set to 60 MPa is that the power generation member 20 does not break even if a load causing stress of less than 60 Mpa is applied to the various piezoelectric ceramics described above. It is.
  • the reason why the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of the power generation member 20 is set to 30 MPa is that the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of the power generation member 20 can be 1 ⁇ 2 of the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 of the power generation member 20 for the reason described above.
  • the elastic limit strain Z 0 of the power generation member 20 when the power generation member 20 is a piezoelectric polymer is given by 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2
  • the power generation member 20 and the damping member 16 are provided.
  • the above inequality (2p) for the interface strain Sp (y) can be expressed as the following inequality (3p).
  • the elastic limit strain Z 0 of the power generation member 20 is set to 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 because a load causing strain of less than 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 is applied to various piezoelectric polymers. This is because the power generation member 20 does not break down.
  • the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of the power generation member 20 is 25 MPa.
  • the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 of the power generation member 20 can be 50 MPa, and the inequality (1p) for the strain Sp (y) at the interface between the power generation member and the damping member 16 is the following inequality (4p) Can be expressed as 25 ⁇ Ep * Sp (y) ⁇ 50 (4p)
  • the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 of the power generation member 20 is set to 50 MPa because the power generation member 20 does not break even when a load causing stress of less than 50 Mpa is applied to the various piezoelectric polymers described above.
  • the reason why the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of the power generation member 20 is set to 25 MPa is that the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of the power generation member 20 can be 1 ⁇ 2 of the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 of the power generation member 20 for the reason described above.
  • the energy conversion element of the present invention is basically configured as described above.
  • the power generation member 20 used for the vibration source 12 and the adhesive constituting the adhesive layers 14 and 18 are set, and the damping member 16 Set the type.
  • the thickness T and Young's modulus y of the damping member 16 are determined so as to satisfy one of the inequalities (1) to (2) according to the selected power generation member 20.
  • the Young's modulus y is determined corresponding to the thickness T of the damping member 16 so as to satisfy one of the inequalities (1b) to (4b).
  • the Young's modulus y of the damping member 16 is determined so as to satisfy one of the inequalities (1p) to (4p).
  • the Young's modulus y of the damping member 16 used in the energy conversion element of the present invention can be determined.
  • the damping member 16 having the determined Young's modulus y is bonded to the vibration source 12 using the set adhesive so that the bonding surface 12a and the bonding surface 16a are in close contact with each other.
  • the set power generation member 20 is bonded to the vibration source 12 using the set adhesive so that the bonding surface 16b and the bonding surface 20a are in close contact with each other.
  • the damping member 16 is NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber) having a total length L in the deformation (distortion) direction of 100 mm, a width of 50 mm, a thickness T of 0.1 mm, and a Young's modulus y of 2 MPa.
  • C-91H pieoelectric ceramics manufactured by Fuji Ceramics Co., Ltd.
  • the energy conversion element of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured.
  • the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of C-91H (piezoelectric ceramics manufactured by Fuji Ceramics) used as the power generation member 20 was about 10 MPa, and the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 was about 100 MPa.
  • both ends of the rubber to be the vibration source 12 of the energy conversion element of Example 1 obtained in this way are attached to a jig, two jigs are attached to a servo pulser, and a 10 Hz sine wave is applied to the joining surface 16a (lower surface) of the damping member 16.
  • a load 25 N bias ⁇ 24 N amplitude
  • Table 1 The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example II Except for using PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) having the same shape as the damping member 16 and having a thickness of 0.1 mm as the power generation member 20, the NBR Young's modulus y of the damping member 16 was changed to 2 MPa.
  • the energy conversion device of Example 4 was produced.
  • the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 of PVDF used as the power generation member 20 was about 1 MPa
  • the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 was about 100 MPa.
  • the same load was applied to the energy conversion element of Example 4 obtained in this way, the same power generation was performed, and the states of the damping member 16 and the power generation member 20 were observed. .
  • Table 2 The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 4 in which the value of Eb * Sb (y) is less than the lower limit strength ⁇ 1 (1 MPa) and less than the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 (100 MPa) of PVDF used as the power generation member 20 and In Comparative Example 3 and 4 in which there is no peeling and the elastic limit strength ⁇ 2 or more of the power generation member 20 is peeled off, peeling occurs, and Examples 4 and 5 of the present invention make the best use of the power generation capability of the power generation member 20. I can see that
  • the energy conversion element according to the present invention efficiently converts mechanical energy of a vibration source that inevitably generates vibration, such as various tires, floors, building dampers, and suspensions of vehicles such as automobiles, into electrical energy. It can convert well and generate electricity.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de conversion d'énergie qui comprend : un élément amortisseur pour absorber la vibration d'une source de vibration ayant une quantité de déformation prédéterminée ; un élément de production d'énergie pour convertir l'énergie mécanique de la vibration de la source de vibration en énergie électrique ; et des électrodes attachées à l'élément de production d'énergie. Les surfaces d'assemblage entre la source de vibration et l'élément amortisseur et entre l'élément de production d'énergie et l'élément amortisseur sont toutes les deux parallèles à une direction de vibration. Si on appelle E le module d'Young de l'élément de production d'énergie, la déformation de l'élément amortisseur au niveau de la surface d'assemblage entre l'élément amortisseur et l'élément de production d'énergie par S(y), l'épaisseur et le module d'Young de l'élément amortisseur par T et y, respectivement, les valeurs minimale et maximale de résistance à la limite élastique de l'élément de production d'énergie par σ1 et σ2, respectivement, et la quantité de déformation de la source de vibration par Z, le module d'Young (y) satisfait l'inégalité suivante (1) : σ1 < E*S(y) < σ2 … (1) S(y) = f(y)*Z, 0 < Z < 0,1, 0 < T < 0,02, 0 < y < 50 000
PCT/JP2012/080176 2011-12-02 2012-11-21 Élément de conversion d'énergie et son procédé de fabrication, et procédé pour déterminer le module d'young d'un élément amortisseur d'élément de conversion d'énergie WO2013080857A1 (fr)

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CN103715942A (zh) * 2014-01-13 2014-04-09 天津大学 以压电方式对弯扭复合能量进行回收的减振装置
CN109281417B (zh) * 2018-11-13 2024-03-26 广州广日电梯工业有限公司 一种电梯自供能压电减震系统和方法

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CN111333413B (zh) * 2020-03-06 2021-08-06 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 铁酸铋-钛酸铅-钛锡酸钡三元体系高温压电陶瓷材料及其制备方法

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