WO2013073991A1

WO2013073991A1 - Pneumatic unloading system

Info

Publication number: WO2013073991A1
Application number: PCT/RU2012/000685
Authority: WO
Inventors: Дмитрий Владимирович ШУЛЬГИН
Original assignee: Shul Gin Dmitrij Vladimirovich
Priority date: 2011-11-14
Filing date: 2012-08-21
Publication date: 2013-05-23

Abstract

The invention relates to devices for unloading hopper cars, barges, other vehicles and containers and supplying the material to temporary storage containers (silo, bunker) or to other vehicles. The aim (technical result) of the proposed utility model is to increase the reliability and safety and also to simplify transportation of the device. The invention is realized as follows. The pneumatic unloading system comprises a depositing chamber with a filling sensor, filters, a first pipe, a pump, a third pipe, a second pipe, a sixth pipe, a fourth pipe, a fifth pipe, a filtering chamber, a first gate, a second gate, a third gate, a fourth gate, a fifth gate and an unloading sensor. One end of the first pipe is connected to the depositing chamber. One end of the third pipe is connected up to the pump. One end of the second pipe is connected up to the lower part of the depositing chamber. The first gate is mounted in the first pipe. The second gate is mounted in the fourth pipe. The third gate is mounted in the third pipe. The fourth gate is mounted in the fifth pipe. The fifth gate is mounted in the second pipe. One end of the sixth pipe is connected to the depositing chamber while the other end thereof is connected to the filtering chamber. The first pipe and the sixth pipe are connected to the depositing chamber in the upper part of the depositing chamber. The other end of the third pipe is connected to the filtering chamber. One end of the fourth pipe is connected to the filtering chamber while the opposite end thereof is connected to a system for supplying pressurized air. One end of the fifth pipe is connected to the depositing chamber while the opposite end thereof is connected to the system for supplying pressurized air. The filters are mounted in the filtering chamber so as to ensure the passage therethrough of an air flow from the sixth pipe into the third pipe and the deposition thereon of particles of the material being transported.

Description

Pneumatic unloading system

FIELD OF THE INVENTION A utility model relates to devices for unloading hopper cars, barges of other vehicles and tanks, and supplying material to temporary storage tanks (silos, bins) or other vehicles.

State of the art

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a pneumatic unloader (from 54-56 “Pneumotransport equipment: a reference book”, M. P. Kalinushkin, M. A. Koppel, V. S. Seryakov, M. M. Shapunov; edited by M. P. Kalinushkina. - L.: Engineering. Leningrad Branch, 1986 - 286 p). The pneumatic unloader consists of a mechanical intake device, in the particular case of a disk feeder, a filter chamber (precipitation chamber) with a filling sensor and an unloading mechanism, in the particular case of a pressure screw, a mixing chamber, a vacuum pump, pipelines and electrical equipment. Unloaded material through the intake device enters the filter chamber. The air that enters the filter chambers together with the discharged material is cleaned by passing through the bag filters and ejected outside the device by a vacuum pump. The material from the filter chamber enters the mixing chamber, where it is mixed with compressed air and moves to the discharge point. Common features of the known technical solution (prototype) with the technical solution proposed for patenting are the presence of a deposition chamber with a filling sensor, which is designed to trigger when the deposition chamber is filled to a certain level, filters, a pump, as well as a pipe at one end of the pipe connected to the deposition chamber, and another one end connected to the pump, and another other pipe connected at one end to the bottom of the deposition chamber.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the presence of mechanical devices

(mechanical intake device and unloading mechanism), which reduces its reliability, especially in the presence of foreign objects or clods of compacted transported material; low security due to the large volume of the chamber, which increases the likelihood of self-explosion for some substances and aggravates possible consequences of such an accident; as well as the large dimensions of the prototype, complicating its transportation.

The purpose (technical result) of the proposed utility model is to increase reliability and safety, as well as simplify the transportation of the device.

Disclosure of invention

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in a pneumatic unloading system containing a deposition chamber with a filling sensor, filters, a first pipeline, a pump, a third pipeline, a second pipeline, a first pipe connected to the deposition chamber at one end, a third pipe is connected to a pump at one end, the second pipeline is connected at one end to the bottom of the deposition chamber, the filling sensor is designed to trigger when the deposition chamber is filled to a certain level, the sixth piping, a fourth pipeline, a fifth pipeline, a filter chamber, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, a fifth valve and an unloading sensor, a first valve is installed in a first pipeline, a second valve is installed in a fourth pipeline, a third valve is installed in a third pipeline, the fourth shutter is installed on the fifth pipeline, the fifth shutter is installed on the second pipeline, while the sixth pipeline is connected at one end to the deposition chamber, and the opposite end is connected to the filter to the baking chamber, the connection of the first pipeline and the sixth pipeline to the deposition chamber is made in the upper part of the deposition chamber, the third pipeline is connected to the filter chamber at the other end, the fourth pipeline is connected to the filter chamber at one end, and the pressure supply system is connected to the opposite end, fifth pipeline one end is connected to the deposition chamber, and the other end is connected to the pressure air supply system, and the filters are installed in the filters a single chamber with the passage of air flow through them from the sixth pipeline into the third pipeline and sedimentation of particles of transported material on them, the discharge sensor is designed to trigger when the material level drops below a certain level, in the particular case, the volume of the deposition chamber and / or filter chamber is not more than 1 m ³ . Brief Description of the Drawings

The utility model is illustrated by the drawing, which shows a system containing two lines, in each of which two filter chambers are installed.

An embodiment of the invention

The figures indicate: the fifth pipe 1, the first pipe 2, the first shutter 3, the deposition chamber 4, the sixth pipe 5, the filter chamber 6, the filter 7, the third pipe 8, the second shutter 9, the third shutter 10, air preparation system 1 1, storage 12, pump 13, compressor 14, fourth pipe 15, second pipe 16, fifth shutter 17, discharge sensor 18, filling sensor 19, fourth shutter 20.

The main elements of the device are a deposition chamber 4, a filter chamber 6 with filters 7, a pump 13, a pressure air supply system (air preparation system 1 1, storage 12, compressor 14) and a control unit.

The deposition chamber 4 is a container for pumping bulk material through it and its deposition in it. The deposition chamber 4 can be made of any shape, for example, cylindrical, conical, pyramidal or any other.

In a particular case, the deposition chamber 4 is a closed container consisting of a cylindrical part and a conical part. In this case, the cylindrical part is connected to the conical part along the edge with a larger diameter than the diameter of the other edge of the conical part. The deposition chamber 4 in the lower part is provided with a discharge opening. The lower part of the deposition chamber 4 is understood to mean the conical part from the side of its smaller diameter, i.e. the part facing the gravity vector during operation of the device. The deposition chamber 4 along the perimeter of the discharge opening is connected to the second pipe 16. In the upper part of the deposition chamber 4 there is a loading opening. By the upper part of the deposition chamber 4 is meant the cylindrical part from the side opposite to the connection of the cylindrical part with the conical part, i.e. the part facing the opposite direction to the gravity vector during operation of the device. The deposition chamber 4 along the perimeter of the feed opening is connected to the first pipe 2. In the upper part of the deposition chamber 4 there is a hole for connecting the deposition chamber 4 with the sixth pipe 5. In the deposition chamber 4 there is a hole for connecting the chamber deposition 4 with the fifth pipe 1. The hole for connecting the deposition chamber 4 with the fifth pipe 1 in a particular case is made in the conical part near the connection of the conical part with the cylindrical part. The volume of the used deposition chamber 4 is 0.7-1.0 m ³ (in the particular case of 0.9 m ³ ). The deposition chamber 4 is equipped in the upper part with a filling sensor 19 and in the lower part with a discharge sensor 18.

The filling sensor 19 is configured to determine the presence of the transported material at a certain level and to issue a corresponding signal when the deposition chamber is filled to a certain level of the deposition chamber 4, on which the filling sensor 19 is mounted.

The discharge sensor 18 is configured to determine the absence of transported material at a certain level and issue a corresponding signal when unloading the deposition chamber 4 to a certain level at which the discharge sensor 18 is installed.

The filter chamber 6 is a device for filtering air to protect the pump 13 from particles of material. The filter chamber 6 can be made of any shape, for example, cylindrical, conical, pyramidal or any other. In a particular case, the filter chamber 6 is a cylindrical container consisting of two main elements, a chamber and a cover. Inside the filter chamber 6, filters 7 are installed, for example, fabric. In the particular case in the filter chamber 6 installed filters 7, made bag. In the upper part of the filter chamber 6, closer to the plane of the junction with the cover, there is a partition with holes in which bag filters 7 are installed (the frame on which a filter sleeve of special fabric is worn). This partition together with filters 7 conditionally divides the filter chamber 6 into two parts (two volumes): dirty and clean. Thus, when the pump 13 is in operation, the air is cleaned of dust (particles of transported material), and when the compressor 14 is in operation, the filters 7 are cleaned of collected dust, which is carried away by the air flow into the deposition chamber 4. The volume of the filter chamber 6 is 0.7-1 m (in the particular case of 0.9m). A hole is made in the filter chamber 6 for connecting the filter chamber 6 to the sixth conduit 5. In the filter chamber 6, a hole is made for connecting the third conduit 8 to the filter chamber 6.

In a particular case, two filter chambers 6 with filters 7 can be installed in the system. In this case, each of the filter chambers 6 is connected to the sixth pipeline 5 and to the third pipeline 8. The pump 13 is a device for pressure movement (discharge, suction) of air through the system. Any of the known vacuum pumps can be used in the system. In the particular case, the pump 13 is a mechanical vacuum pump. The pump 13 is configured to allow air to flow through the entire system.

The pressure air supply system is designed to inject purified pressure air into the system. In the particular case, the pressure air supply system is made up of an air preparation system 1 1, a compressor 14 with a storage 12. A device can be implemented without a compressor 14 and a storage 12, and also without an air preparation system. In this case, the device is connected to a third-party air supply system under pressure, for example, to a factory high-pressure air system.

The air preparation system 11 is configured to purify the air coming from the compressor 14 from mechanical impurities and water and oil vapors. The air preparation system 11 may be any of the known air-cleaning filtering devices. The air preparation system 11 is connected to the accumulator 12. In the air preparation system 1 1, an opening is made for connecting the air preparation system 1 1 with the fourth pipe 15 and / or the fifth pipe 1, with the supply to the fourth pipe 15 and the fifth pipe 1 of air purified by the preparation system air 11.

The drive 12 is a container for the accumulation of air under pressure, pumped by the compressor 14.

Compressor 14 is a device for compressing and supplying pressurized air to the system.

The accumulator 12 together with the compressor 14 are designed to create excess pressure in the deposition chamber 4 - filter chamber 6 and aerate the material in the deposition chamber 4 in order to ensure the discharge cycle of the deposition chamber 4.

In the particular case, the compressor 14 and pump 13 can be combined into one device. In this case, a compressor is used that works to inject air under pressure into the system and create a vacuum in the system.

The first pipe 2 at one end is connected to the deposition chamber 4, and the other end is made free with the possibility of sampling bulk material from the discharged container. On the first pipe 2, the first shutter 3 is installed.

The sixth conduit 5 is connected at one end to the deposition chamber 4, and the opposite end is connected to the filter chamber 6. Moreover, in the case of using two filter chambers 6 in the system, the sixth conduit 5 is bifurcated, i.e. having a branch for connecting two filter chambers 6.

The third pipe 8 is connected at one end to the filter chamber 6, and the opposite end is connected to the pump 13. Moreover, in the case of using two filter chambers 6 in the system, the third pipe 8 is bifurcated, i.e. having a branch for connecting two filter chambers 6. A third shutter 10 is installed on the third pipeline 8.

The fourth pipe 15 is connected at one end to the air preparation system 1 1, and the other end is connected to the filter chamber 6. In this case, if two filter chambers 6 are used in the system, the fourth pipe 15 is bifurcated, i.e. having a branch for connecting two filter chambers 6. A second shutter 9 is installed on the fourth pipeline 15.

The fifth pipe 1 is connected at one end to an air purification system 1 1 or to the fourth pipe 15, and is connected to the deposition chamber 4 at the opposite end. A fourth shutter 20 is installed on the fifth pipe 1.

The second pipe 16 with one end connected to the discharge opening of the deposition chamber 4, and the opposite end connected to the main pipe or made free to unload bulk material in the required capacity B. On the second pipe 16 there is a fifth shutter 17.

The control unit is a set of sensors (filling sensor 19, discharge sensor 18), gates (first shutter 3, second shutter 9, third shutter 10, fourth shutter 20, fifth shutter 17, etc.) and measuring devices (e.g. pressure gauge, installed on the drive 12), which is equipped with this system, as well as a device made with the provision of control of all devices, sensors, shutters and measuring devices.

A system consisting of two lines is possible. In this case, the line means part of the first pipeline 2, the deposition chamber 4, the sixth pipeline 5, one or two filter chambers 6, part of the third pipe 8, part of the fourth pipe 15, part of the fifth pipe 1 and part of the second pipe 16. In this case, the first pipe 2, the third pipe 8, the fourth pipe 15, the fifth pipe 1 and the second pipe 16 are provided with branches to connect the second line.

The technical solution proposed for patenting differs from the closest technical solution (prototype) by the presence of a fourth pipeline 15, a fifth pipeline 1, a sixth pipeline 5, a filter chamber 6, a first shutter 3, a second shutter 9, a third shutter 10, a fourth shutter 20, and a fifth shutter 17 and the discharge sensor 18. In this case, the first valve 3 is installed on the first pipeline 2, the second valve 9 is installed on the fourth pipeline 15, the third valve 10 is installed on the third pipeline 8, the fourth valve 20 is installed on the fifth ohm pipe 1, the fifth shutter 17 is installed on the second pipe 16. The sixth pipe 5 is connected at one end to the deposition chamber 4, and the opposite end is connected to the filter chamber 6. The first pipe 2 and the sixth pipe 5 are connected to the deposition chamber 4 in the upper part of the chamber deposition 4. The third pipe 8 is connected at the other end to the filter chamber 6. The fourth pipe 15 is connected at one end to the filter chamber 6, and is connected to the air supply system at the opposite end via pressure. The fifth pipe 1 at one end is connected to the deposition chamber 4, and the opposite end is connected to the pressure air supply system. Moreover, the filters 7 are installed in the filter chamber 6 with the passage through them of the air flow from the sixth pipe 5 to the third pipe 8 and the deposition of particles of the transported material on them. The discharge sensor 18 is configured to trigger when the material level drops below a certain level. The volume of the deposition chamber 4 and / or filter chamber 6 is made no more than 1 m

Industrial applicability The utility model is implemented as follows. A deposition chamber 4, a filter chamber 6, an air preparation system 11, a reservoir 12, a pump 13, a compressor 14, a filling sensor 19, an unloading sensor 18, a first pipe 2, a sixth pipe 5, a third pipe 8, a fourth pipe 15, a fifth pipe 1, are made the second pipe 16, as well as sensors and measuring devices. The first pipe 2 is connected to the feed opening of the deposition chamber 4 of one line or to the feed hole of each of the two deposition chambers 4 of two lines. By means of the sixth pipeline 5, in each line, the deposition chamber 4 is connected to the filter chamber 6 or two filter chambers 6. By the third pipeline 8, the filter chambers 6 of each of the lines are connected to the pump 13. The compressor 14 is connected to the accumulator 12, and the accumulator 12 is connected to the preparation system air 1 1 through the corresponding pipeline or directly. In the case of using a third-party (factory) pressure air supply system, either the air preparation system 1 1 or the fourth pipe 15 and / or the fifth pipe 1 are connected directly to the specified system. Through the fourth pipe 15, the filter chambers 6 of both lines are connected to the air preparation system 1 1 or with a third-party air supply system under pressure. By means of the fifth pipe 1, the deposition chamber 4 of both lines is connected to the air preparation system 1 1 or to a third-party pressure air supply system. The second pipe 16 is connected to the deposition chamber 4 of each line around the perimeter of its discharge opening. The opposite end of the second pipe 16 is connected to the main pipeline or left free for direct discharge of bulk material into the necessary containers. The deposition chamber 4 set the conical part. Down i.e. in the direction of the gravity vector. The fill sensors 19 and the discharge sensors 18 are installed on the deposition chamber 4 of each line. On the part of the first pipeline 2 of one of the lines, the first shutter 3 is installed, on the part of the first pipeline of the other line, the other first shutter is installed 3. On the part of the third pipeline 8 of one of the lines, the third shutter 10 is installed, on the part of the third pipeline 8 of the other line, the other third shutter 10 is installed A second shutter 9 is installed on the part of the fourth pipeline 15 of one of the lines, another second shutter is installed on the part of the fourth pipeline 15 of the other line 9. On the part of the fifth pipeline 1 of one of the lines m fourth valve 20, a portion of the fifth conduit 1, the other line is set different fourth valve 20. On a part of the second conduit 16, one set of lines fifth valve 17, a portion of the second conduit 16, the other line is set different fifth gate 17.

The free end of the first pipe 2 is placed in a discharge tank (indicated in the diagram as point A). In this case, the gates of the second line and the second gate 9, the fourth gate 20 and the fifth gate 17 are closed. The first shutter 3 and the third shutter 10 open. Turn on the pump 13. The pump 13 works, creating a vacuum in the system. The air flow created by the pump 13 carries the material along the path: the deposition chamber 4 is the filter chamber 6. In this case, the air flow rate should be greater than the speed of the particles of the transported material, under this condition the particles begin to move together with the air in a given direction . According to the laws of aerodynamics, when expanding the channel (transition from the first pipeline 2 to the deposition chamber 4), the flow rate decreases under the condition of constant flow. In the deposition chamber 4, the air flow sharply loses speed and can no longer entrain material particles. Thus, it settles in the deposition chamber 4.

The air stream from the deposition chamber enters the sixth pipeline, from where it enters the filter chamber. A part of the transported material that has penetrated into the filter chamber 6 with the air flow settles on the surface of the filters 7. The air cleaned in the filter chamber 6 passes the pump 13 and is thrown out. The loading cycle continues until the internal volume of the deposition chamber 4 is filled to the level of the filling sensor 19. At this moment, upon the command of the control unit, the pump 13 is disconnected from the first line by closing the third shutter 10. The air flow is stopped, the material loading is stopped, and closed first shutter 3. At the same moment, the unloading cycle begins.

At the command of the control unit, the second shutter 9 and the fourth shutter 20 are opened.

The compressor 14 delivers air to the system under pressure, which accumulates in the accumulator 12, then enters the air preparation system And. In the air preparation system 1 1, the air is purified from mechanical impurities, as well as from water and oil vapors. The purified compressed air through the fourth pipeline 15 enters the filter chamber 6 or filter chambers 6. When compressed air passes through the filter chamber 6 or filter chambers 6, the settled material is carried away from the filters 7 and the chamber, thus, the filters 7 are cleaned of particles of the transported material . Further, the air flow through the sixth pipeline 5 enters the deposition chamber 4. Upon reaching a certain pressure level in the system, the deposition chamber 4 - filter chamber 6, on the command of the control unit, opens the fifth shutter 17. Compressed air passing through the air preparation system through the fifth pipeline 1 enters the deposition chamber 4. By connecting the fifth pipeline 1 near the connection of the conical part and the cylindrical part of the deposition chamber 4, air from the fifth pipeline 1 enters the volume of loaded material for fluidization of the transported material. Under the action of compressed air, the transported material is forced out of the deposition chamber 4 into the second pipeline 16. Through the second pipeline 16, the transported material enters the main pipeline or into the necessary container (indicated on the diagram as point B). The system is pressurized until the discharge sensor 18 signals that all material has come out. The fifth shutter 17 is closed. To relieve excess pressure from the system, a special sixth shutter (not shown in the diagram) is installed on one of the pipelines. After equalizing the pressure with the atmospheric sixth valve closes. At the same moment, the loading cycle begins.

By using the deposition chamber 4 and / or the filter chamber 6 with a volume of not more than 1 m ³ , and also by separating the deposition chamber 4 and the filter chamber 6 by the sixth pipe 5, the probability of self-ignition or self-explosion of the unloaded material is reduced, while the reliability and safety of the device are increased and the dimensions of the pneumatic unloading system are reduced, which simplifies its transportation.

The unloading and loading cycles of another line occurs in a similar way, but in antiphase of the line described above, i.e. when loading another line, the above-described line is unloaded, and when loading the above-described line, another line is unloaded. Thus, a constant material flow is established from point A to point B.

Thus, the implementation of the device in the manner described above provides increased safety and reliability of the device due to the implementation of the deposition chamber and / or filter chamber with a volume of less than 1 m, as well as by separating the deposition chamber and the filter chamber through the sixth pipeline. At the same time, a reduction in the dimensions of the device is ensured, and the convenience of its operation is increased.

Claims

Utility Model Formula

1. A pneumatic discharge system comprising a deposition chamber with a filling sensor, filters, a first pipeline, a pump, a third pipeline, a second pipeline, a first pipe connected to the deposition chamber at one end, a third pipe connected to a pump at one end, a second pipe connected at one end to a lower parts of the deposition chamber, the filling sensor is designed to trigger when the deposition chamber is filled to a certain level, characterized in that a sixth pipeline, a fourth pipe are introduced into it piping, fifth pipeline, filter chamber, first valve, second valve, third valve, fourth valve, fifth valve and discharge sensor, the first valve is installed in the first pipeline, the second valve is installed in the fourth pipeline, the third valve is installed in the third pipeline, the fourth valve is installed on the fifth pipeline, the fifth shutter is installed on the second pipeline, while the sixth pipeline is connected to the deposition chamber at one end and connected to the filter chamber at the opposite end, attached The first pipeline and the sixth pipeline to the deposition chamber were made in the upper part of the deposition chamber, the third pipeline is connected to the filter chamber at the other end, the fourth pipeline is connected to the filter chamber at one end, and the pressure air supply system is connected at the opposite end, and the fifth pipeline is connected at one end to the deposition chamber, and the opposite end is connected to the air supply system under pressure, and the filters are installed in the filter chamber with By passing through them the air flow from the sixth pipeline to the third pipeline and precipitating particles of the transported material on them, the unloading sensor is designed to provide triggering when the material level drops below a certain level.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the deposition chamber and / or filter chamber is made no more than 1 m3.