WO2013072982A1 - Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents
Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013072982A1 WO2013072982A1 PCT/JP2011/076167 JP2011076167W WO2013072982A1 WO 2013072982 A1 WO2013072982 A1 WO 2013072982A1 JP 2011076167 W JP2011076167 W JP 2011076167W WO 2013072982 A1 WO2013072982 A1 WO 2013072982A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reducing agent
- exhaust
- passage
- exhaust gas
- check valve
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/06—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being in the gaseous form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1493—Purging the reducing agent out of the conduits or nozzle
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine including a selective reduction type NOx catalyst provided in an exhaust passage.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which a solid or liquid reducing agent stored in a storage unit is heated, and a gaseous reducing agent generated thereby is supplied upstream of a NOx catalyst in an exhaust passage.
- Patent Document 2 an injector is fixed in a state in which a tip portion is exposed in a communication passage that is communicated with an exhaust passage between a turbocharger and an exhaust purification catalyst, and the injector is passed through the communication passage from the injector.
- a configuration for injecting an additive into an exhaust passage is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 further discloses a technique for supplying air from the intake passage to the communication passage through a supply passage having one end connected to the communication passage and the other end connected to the intake passage.
- Patent Document 2 also discloses a technique in which a control valve for controlling the flow of air is provided in the communication passage, and a check valve for preventing a backflow of exhaust gas is provided on the communication passage side of the control valve.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that urea water in the urea water injection nozzle is collected when the precipitate is clogged in the urea water injection nozzle provided in the exhaust passage, and then the urea water injection nozzle is moved by the heat of the exhaust gas.
- a technique for decomposing the precipitate in the urea water injection nozzle into a gas by heating is disclosed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and adds a gaseous reducing agent into the exhaust gas from the adding device so as to supply the reducing agent to the NOx catalyst provided in the exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine.
- An object of the present invention is to prevent the flow path of the reducing agent in the addition apparatus from being blocked by the compound of the component contained in the exhaust gas and the reducing agent.
- An internal combustion engine exhaust gas purification apparatus is A selective reduction NOx catalyst provided in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine; A reducing agent supply passage connected to an exhaust passage upstream of the selective reduction NOx catalyst; An addition device that is provided in the reducing agent supply passage and adds the reducing agent to the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage by supplying a gaseous reducing agent to the reducing agent supply passage; A check that is provided at a predetermined position between the connecting portion with the exhaust passage and the addition device in the reducing agent supply passage and prevents a gas flow in a direction opposite to the direction from the addition device to the exhaust passage. A valve, and Position at which the temperature of the check valve can be increased by receiving heat from the exhaust gas until the predetermined position is adhered to the check valve and the compound of the component contained in the exhaust gas and the reducing agent is removed. It is.
- An exhaust emission control device for an internal combustion engine A selective reduction NOx catalyst provided in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine; A reducing agent supply passage connected to an exhaust passage upstream of the selective reduction NOx catalyst; An addition device that is provided in the reducing agent supply passage and adds the reducing agent to the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage by supplying a gaseous reducing agent to the reducing agent supply passage; A check valve that is provided between the connecting portion of the reducing agent supply passage with the exhaust passage and the addition device, and prevents a gas flow in a direction opposite to the direction from the addition device side toward the exhaust passage; And a temperature raising device capable of raising the temperature of the check valve up to a temperature at which the compound of the component contained in the exhaust gas and the reducing agent attached to the check valve is removed.
- the check valve can prevent the exhaust from reaching the addition device by flowing back through the reducing agent supply passage. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the flow path of the reducing agent in the adding device from being blocked by the compound of the component and the reducing agent contained in the exhaust gas.
- the reducing agent is supplied from the adding device, it is less likely to be affected by exhaust pulsation. Therefore, the amount of reducing agent added to the exhaust can be controlled with high accuracy.
- a compound of a component contained in exhaust gas and a reducing agent may be generated around the check valve.
- this compound can be removed. For this reason, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a malfunction of the check valve due to the adhesion of the compound.
- the present invention it is possible to prevent the flow path of the reducing agent in the addition apparatus from being blocked by the compound of the component contained in the exhaust gas and the reducing agent.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an intake / exhaust system of an internal combustion engine according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an intake / exhaust system of an internal combustion engine according to a second embodiment.
- Example 1 a case where the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas purification system for a diesel engine for driving a vehicle will be described as an example.
- the internal combustion engine according to the present invention is not limited to a diesel engine, and may be a gasoline engine or the like.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an intake / exhaust system of an internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment.
- the internal combustion engine 1 is a diesel engine for driving a vehicle.
- An intake passage 2 and an exhaust passage 3 are connected to the internal combustion engine 1.
- an air flow meter 4 and a throttle valve 5 are provided in the intake passage 2.
- the air flow meter 4 detects the intake air amount of the internal combustion engine 1.
- the throttle valve 5 adjusts the flow rate of the intake air flowing through the intake passage 2 by changing the cross-sectional area of the intake passage 2.
- a NOx catalyst 7 is provided in the exhaust passage 3.
- the NOx catalyst 7 is a selective reduction type NOx catalyst that reduces NOx in exhaust gas using ammonia as a reducing agent.
- An oxidation catalyst 6 is provided in the exhaust passage 3 upstream of the NOx catalyst 7 as a pre-stage catalyst.
- the pre-stage catalyst is not limited to the oxidation catalyst, and may be a catalyst having an oxidation function (for example, an occlusion reduction type NOx catalyst).
- a pressure sensor 12 and a NOx sensor 13 are provided in the exhaust passage 3 downstream from the oxidation catalyst 6 and upstream from the NOx catalyst 7.
- the pressure sensor 12 detects the pressure of the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage 3.
- the NOx sensor 13 detects the NOx concentration of the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage 3.
- a reducing agent supply passage 9 is connected to the exhaust passage 3 downstream from the oxidation catalyst 6 and upstream from the NOx catalyst 7.
- An addition valve 8 for adding a reducing agent is provided at the other end of the reducing agent supply passage 9. The addition valve 8 injects gaseous ammonia as a reducing agent.
- the addition valve 8 is connected to one end of an ammonia passage 21.
- the other end of the ammonia passage 21 is connected to the tank 20.
- the tank 20 stores gaseous ammonia. Gaseous ammonia is supplied from the tank 20 to the addition valve 8 through the ammonia passage 21.
- a pressure regulating valve 22 is provided in the ammonia passage 21. The pressure of ammonia supplied to the addition valve 8 is adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 22.
- a storage unit for storing solid or liquid ammonia compounds may be provided separately from the tank 20.
- the ammonia compound stored in the storage unit is heated to generate gaseous ammonia, and the generated gaseous ammonia is stored in the tank 20.
- a solid or liquid ammonia compound may be stored in the tank 20, and gaseous ammonia may be generated by forming a solid or liquid ammonia compound in the tank 20.
- a check valve 14 is provided at a predetermined position in the middle of the reducing agent supply passage 9 (that is, between the connection portion with the exhaust passage 3 and the addition valve 8).
- the check valve 14 is a valve that prevents the gas flow in the direction opposite to the direction from the addition valve side to the exhaust passage side. The installation position of the check valve 14 in the reducing agent supply passage 9 will be described later.
- gaseous ammonia is injected from the addition valve 8 into the reducing agent supply passage 9 when ammonia as the reducing agent is to be supplied to the NOx catalyst 7.
- the injected ammonia passes through the reducing agent supply passage 9, passes through the check valve 14, and is added to the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 3.
- the internal combustion engine 1 is provided with an electronic control unit (ECU) 10 for controlling the internal combustion engine 1.
- ECU electronice control unit
- An air flow meter 4, a pressure sensor 12, and a NOx sensor 13 are electrically connected to the ECU 10.
- a crank position sensor 11 of the internal combustion engine 1 is electrically connected to the ECU 10. And the output signal of each sensor is input into ECU10.
- the ECU 10 derives the engine speed of the internal combustion engine 1 based on the output value of the crank position sensor 11.
- the throttle valve 5, the addition valve 8, and the pressure regulating valve 22 are electrically connected to the ECU 10. The operation of these devices is controlled by the ECU 10.
- a compound for example, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , NH 4 NO 3 , (NH 4 ) 2 ) of ammonia remaining in the addition valve 8 and components contained in the exhaust. CO 3 ) may be generated. If such a compound is generated in the addition valve 8, the ammonia flow path in the addition valve 8 may be blocked by the compound.
- a check valve 14 is provided at a predetermined position in the middle of the reducing agent supply passage 9. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the exhaust from reaching the addition valve 8 by flowing backward through the reducing agent supply passage 9. As a result, it is possible to suppress the exhaust from entering the addition valve 8. Therefore, in the addition valve 8, it can suppress that the compound of the component contained in exhaust_gas
- the check valve 14 can also suppress the particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust from reaching the addition valve 8. Therefore, it is possible to suppress PM from accumulating on the addition valve 8.
- PM particulate matter
- the check valve 14 can suppress the pulsation of the exhaust gas from being transmitted through the reducing agent supply passage 9 to the addition valve 8. Therefore, when ammonia is injected from the addition valve 8, it is less likely to be affected by exhaust pulsation. Accordingly, it is possible to control the amount of ammonia added to the exhaust gas with high accuracy.
- the check valve 14 has a temperature not lower than the melting point of the compound of ammonia and the component contained in the exhaust gas in the reducing agent supply passage 9, and the temperature of the check valve 14 is received by heat from the exhaust gas. It is provided at a position where it can rise.
- the temperature of the check valve 14 is raised to a higher temperature by receiving heat from the exhaust.
- (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 has a melting point of 235 ° C.
- NH 4 NO 3 has a melting point of 170 ° C.
- (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 has a melting point of 58 ° C. Therefore, the check valve 14 may be installed at a position where the temperature of the check valve 14 can be raised to 235 ° C. or higher by receiving heat from the exhaust.
- the configuration according to the present embodiment can also be applied when a gas other than ammonia is used as the reducing agent.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an intake / exhaust system of the internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment. Only differences from the first embodiment will be described below.
- a check valve 14 is provided between the connecting portion of the reducing agent supply passage 9 and the exhaust passage 3 and the addition valve 8.
- the check valve 14 is provided with an electric heater 15 for heating the check valve 14.
- the electric heater 15 can raise the temperature of the check valve 14 to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the compound of ammonia and the component contained in the exhaust gas.
- the electric heater 15 is electrically connected to the ECU 10 and its operation is controlled by the ECU 10.
- the check valve 14 can be provided at an arbitrary position as long as it is between the connecting portion of the reducing agent supply passage 9 and the exhaust passage 3 and the addition valve 8.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
L'objectif de la présente invention est d'éviter que le chemin d'écoulement d'un agent réducteur gazeux dans une unité d'injection ne soit bloqué par un composé d'un composant contenu dans un gaz d'échappement et l'agent réducteur dans une configuration telle que l'agent réducteur est ajouté dans le gaz d'échappement à partir de l'unité d'injection afin de fournir l'agent réducteur à un catalyseur de réduction sélective de NOx. Dans la présente invention, une unité d'injection est située dans un passage d'alimentation en agent réducteur raccordé à un passage d'échappement du côté amont d'un catalyseur de réduction sélective de NOx. De plus, un clapet anti-retour empêchant l'écoulement de gaz dans une direction opposée à une direction provenant du côté de l'unité d'injection vers le côté du passage d'échappement est situé à une position prédéterminée entre une partie de raccord avec le passage d'échappement et l'unité d'injection dans le passage d'alimentation en agent réducteur. La position prédéterminée est une position à laquelle la température du clapet anti-retour peut être augmentée grâce à la chaleur reçue d'un gaz d'échappement jusqu'à une température à laquelle un composé d'un composant contenu dans le gaz d'échappement et l'agent réducteur ne peut pas adhérer au clapet anti-retour.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2011/076167 WO2013072982A1 (fr) | 2011-11-14 | 2011-11-14 | Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/JP2011/076167 WO2013072982A1 (fr) | 2011-11-14 | 2011-11-14 | Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne |
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WO2013072982A1 true WO2013072982A1 (fr) | 2013-05-23 |
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PCT/JP2011/076167 WO2013072982A1 (fr) | 2011-11-14 | 2011-11-14 | Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement pour moteur à combustion interne |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3087836A1 (fr) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-05-01 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Injecteur pour injecter un agent reducteur gazeux dans un flux de gaz d’echappement, comprenant au moins un dispositif anti-reflux |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005127318A (ja) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-05-19 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | エンジンの排気浄化装置 |
JP2007211773A (ja) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | 排気ガス処理装置の診断方法および装置 |
JP2008546968A (ja) * | 2005-06-29 | 2008-12-25 | アムミネクス・アー/エス | 固体アンモニア貯蔵媒体からのアンモニアの安全な制御された送出のための方法および装置 |
JP2010270624A (ja) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-12-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気装置 |
JP2011106412A (ja) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-06-02 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
-
2011
- 2011-11-14 WO PCT/JP2011/076167 patent/WO2013072982A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005127318A (ja) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-05-19 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | エンジンの排気浄化装置 |
JP2008546968A (ja) * | 2005-06-29 | 2008-12-25 | アムミネクス・アー/エス | 固体アンモニア貯蔵媒体からのアンモニアの安全な制御された送出のための方法および装置 |
JP2007211773A (ja) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | 排気ガス処理装置の診断方法および装置 |
JP2010270624A (ja) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-12-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気装置 |
JP2011106412A (ja) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-06-02 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3087836A1 (fr) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-05-01 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Injecteur pour injecter un agent reducteur gazeux dans un flux de gaz d’echappement, comprenant au moins un dispositif anti-reflux |
US11111835B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2021-09-07 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Injector for injecting a gaseous reducing agent into an exhaust gas stream, comprising at least one anti-backflow device |
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