Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D9/00—Stators
  • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
  • F01D9/023—Transition ducts between combustor cans and first stage of the turbine in gas-turbine engines; their cooling or sealings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
  • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
  • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
  • F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
  • F02C7/20—Mounting or supporting of plant; Accommodating heat expansion or creep
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
  • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
  • F23R3/002—Wall structures
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
  • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
  • F23R2900/00012—Details of sealing devices

Definitions

• Gas turbines It relates to the transition region between an annular combustion chamber of a subsequent turbine.
• the present invention is based on a gas turbine, which in the simplest case has a scheme, as shown in Fig. 1.
• the gas turbine 10 of FIG. 1 comprises a compressor 12, a combustion chamber 13 and a turbine 15.
• the compressor 12 sucks combustion air via an air inlet 11 and compresses it.
• the compressed air is introduced into the combustion chamber 13 and used there for the combustion of a fuel 14.
• the resulting hot gas is relaxed in the following turbine 15 under work and leaves turbine 15 as the exhaust gas 16.
• IGT industrial gas turbines
• annular or annular combustion chambers In mostly smaller IGTs, the combustion chambers are designed as so-called "Can Annular Combustors”.
• combustion chamber side walls are either segmental
• Shell elements assembled or executed as full shells When using solid shells arises due to the installation, the need for a parting plane, which allows to remove the upper part, for example, to assemble or disassemble the gas turbine rotor.
• the parting line accordingly has two parting plane welds, e.g. at the height of the machine axis (3 o'clock and 9 o'clock position). The lower and upper
• Half shells must u.a. be cooled convectively.
• combustion chamber shells (“Combustor Transition Duct") have the following functions:
• Parting plane i.d. Usually at 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock position).
• Combustion chamber inner shells is covered). • You should not have to absorb any axial or radial forces.
• FIG. 2 shows a section of an exemplary gas turbine with annular combustion chamber which comprises the combustion chamber.
• the output of the compressor 12 with its guide and moving blades can be seen here on the right side, on the opposite side is the inlet area of the turbine 15 with its guide and moving blades. Between the compressor outlet and the
• Turbine inlet region are located surrounding the rotor 17
• the inlet portion of the shaft cover is configured as a compressor diffuser with a flow area increasing in the flow direction through which the compressed air flows into a plenum 18 surrounding the annular combustion chamber 13.
• the combustion chamber 13 is composed of an inner combustion chamber shell 20a and an outer combustion chamber shell 20b.
• inner or outer cooling shrouds 19a and 19b are arranged at a distance which, with the associated combustion chamber shell, respectively form an inner cooling air guide 21a and an outer cooling air guide 21b.
• cooling air ducts 21 a, b air flows from the plenum 18 into the front of the combustion chamber 13 input area, in which the actual burner 22 (in this case, so-called double-cone burners) are arranged.
• the introduced through the cooling air ducts 21 a, b air on the one hand enters the burner 22 and is mixed there with fuel.
• air enters through the rear wall 23 of the combustion chamber 13 directly into the combustion chamber.
• Inner and outer shell of the combustion chamber are thermally and mechanically stressed during operation.
• the material strength properties of the shells are highly temperature dependent. In order to keep this material temperature below the maximum allowable material temperature level, the shell elements - as already described in connection with FIG. 2 and the cooling shirts 19a, b shown there - are cooled convectively.
• the shells Due to the high metal temperature of the combustion chamber shells, the shells expand axially and radially (see expansion direction 33 in Fig. 4). This expansion is easy to measure, in particular at the interface to the inlet of the turbine (inner and outer platform of the 1st row of guide blades; This expansion takes place continuously and over a certain period of time, during the
• the invention is based on a gas turbine, which comprises a compressor, an annular combustion chamber and a turbine, wherein the combustion chamber for introducing the resulting in the combustion chamber hot gases in the
• downstream turbine in a transition region with a combustion chamber shell connects the turbine inlet.
• the combustion chamber inner shell distributed on the circumference mounted support elements. Due to the thermal expansion occurring during operation, these support elements abut against a conical contour on the shaft cover and are supported thereon.
• One aspect of the invention is a conical contour which encloses an angle with the machine axis, which allows the combustion chamber inner shell to slide with the supporting elements onto the conical contour.
• the combustion chamber inner shell comprises at the outlet end on the side facing away from the hot gases distributed around the circumference supporting elements which have a bevel, which extend in the installed state parallel to a conical contour of the shaft cover.
• the chamfer encloses an angle with the machine axis, which causes the supporting elements of the machine to slide open Combustion chamber inner shell to the conical contour of the shaft cover allows.
• the shaft cover for a gas turbine has at the downstream end on the outside of a conical contour, which includes an angle when installed with the machine axis. This angle allows a
• An embodiment of the gas turbine is characterized in that the
• Supporting elements as radially projecting, oriented in the axial direction
• Support plates or fins are formed, that the support plates or fins have a conical contour opposite and the conical contour at an angle corresponding bevel and that between the conical contour and the bevel is provided a non-zero installation tolerance.
• Expansion direction expands, which includes a non-zero difference angle with the conical contour.
• the difference angle is in the range between 2 ° and 15 °, preferably in the range between 5 ° and 10 °, in particular in the range between 7 ° and 8 °, and is the angle that the conical contour with the
• Machine axis includes, between 20 ° and 30 °, in particular between 24 ° and 26 °.
• the installation tolerance is in the range between 1 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 8 mm, in particular between 3 mm and 4 mm.
• the shaft cover is made of cast iron and the support elements of a
• Nickel-based alloy or a preferably austenitic ferritic steel are preferably austenitic ferritic steel.
• Ring combustion chamber is composed of individual segments, and that per segment two support elements are provided.
• Fig. 1 shows the highly simplified circuit diagram of a gas turbine
• Fig. 2 in a section the longitudinal section through a gas turbine with
• Combustion chamber and shaft cover or compressor diffuser due to thermal expansion during operation shows the configuration of the transition region according to FIG.
• Fig. 5 shows the exit region of the combustion chamber of Fig. 4 in one
• transition between the inner combustion chamber shell 20a with its cooling jacket 19a and the inner wall of the turbine inlet (26 in FIG. 4) is now designed such that it permits and absorbs a relative displacement caused by thermal expansion.
• the distance between the two components is fluidly bridged by plate-shaped transition elements (30 in Fig. 4), which are pivotally mounted on the one hand on the inner combustion chamber 20a and on the other hand at its free end by a compression spring (28 in Fig. 4) acted upon An horrbolzen (27 in Fig. 4) are pressed against the outside of the inner wall of the turbine inlet 26 so that they transversely to the axis of
• Pressure bolt 27 are displaced. In this way, a sealed transition between the combustion chamber and turbine inlet is realized for the hot gases, which allows a relative displacement of both components to one another and compensates.
• means are provided in the transition region for allowing the combustion chamber to be supported on the shaft cover 25 when the thermal expansion of the combustion chamber associated with operation has been completed.
• These means comprise a plurality of radially extending, axially oriented support plates (29 in Figs. 3, 4) disposed along the inner periphery of the inner combustion chamber shell 20a.
• the support plates 29 at the same time have pivot bearings (32 in Fig. 3) for the
• the support plates 29 each have a chamfer (31 b in Fig. 4), which includes ⁇ with the machine axis a predetermined angle (see Fig. 4). At a distance d (FIG. 4), this chamfer 31 b faces a conical contour (31 a in FIG. 4) of the shaft cover 25, which encloses the same angle ⁇ with the machine axis.
• the FE-Tool has calculated a sliding angle of approx. 15 ° -18 °. Based on these results, a slip angle and thus a contact angle of less than 20 ° should have been chosen. Taking into account the mechanical claim that only one contact point per support plate is desired (no surface contact, only line contact desired) and the conical full round shell is not ultimately like a ram on a conical wedge and shrinks, a larger angle was deliberately chosen in In this case, an angle of 25 °.
• An embodiment of the configuration of the transition according to the invention is shown in Figs. 4 and 5, respectively. Plays an important role in the
• Bevel 31 b or sliding surface includes.
• ⁇ should be in the range of 2 ° -15 °, preferably in the range of 5 ° -10 °, in particular in the range 7 ° -8 °.
• the angle ⁇ of the chamfer 31 b with the machine axis is in this case between 20 ° and 30 °, preferably between 24 ° and 26 °.
• the installation tolerance or the distance d are in the range 1 -10 mm, preferably in the range 2-8 mm, in particular in the range 3-4 mm.
• the installation tolerance d is equal to the cold play plus manufacturing tolerance. A cold game is required because the parts are mounted blind, so to speak.
• the shaft cover 25 is made of gray cast iron and the material for the fins is selected from a nickel-based alloy or a preferably austenitic ferritic steel.
• burners e.g., double cone burners

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
• Supercharger (AREA)

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Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (2)

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• 2012
  • 2012-10-23 IN IN3773DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN03773A/en unknown
  • 2012-10-23 RU RU2014120759/06A patent/RU2597350C2/ru active
  • 2012-10-23 KR KR1020147013476A patent/KR101613096B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-10-23 EP EP12775033.9A patent/EP2852735B1/de active Active
  • 2012-10-23 WO PCT/EP2012/070930 patent/WO2013060663A2/de not_active Ceased
  • 2012-10-23 CN CN201280052419.0A patent/CN104246373B/zh active Active
• 2014
  • 2014-04-17 US US14/254,985 patent/US9708920B2/en active Active

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