WO2013053697A2 - Procédé de préparation et de valorisation de biomasse - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation et de valorisation de biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013053697A2
WO2013053697A2 PCT/EP2012/069947 EP2012069947W WO2013053697A2 WO 2013053697 A2 WO2013053697 A2 WO 2013053697A2 EP 2012069947 W EP2012069947 W EP 2012069947W WO 2013053697 A2 WO2013053697 A2 WO 2013053697A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
biomass
products
preparations
additives
container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/069947
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013053697A3 (fr
Inventor
Berthold Warth
Martin Humpf
Original Assignee
Berthold Warth
Martin Humpf
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE201120106649 external-priority patent/DE202011106649U1/de
Priority claimed from DE201220001368 external-priority patent/DE202012001368U1/de
Application filed by Berthold Warth, Martin Humpf filed Critical Berthold Warth
Publication of WO2013053697A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013053697A2/fr
Publication of WO2013053697A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013053697A3/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
    • C12M47/14—Drying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for processing and refining of biomass, in particular fermentation residues from a biogas plant, and for the production of demand-based fertilizers, by means of nutrient additions. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for processing and refining of biomass, in particular fermentation residues from a biogas plant, and for the production of fertilizers, a fertilizer and a container or drum system for solid, liquid or gaseous substances.
  • a generic device is known from DE 10 2010 005 253 AI.
  • a drying device which has a drying chamber, is coupled into the decoupled from the biogas plant thermal energy such that the dry matter content of the dried fermentation residues is raised to about 80 to 85% dry matter content.
  • a disadvantage of the known biogas plants and the associated devices, such as devices for processing digestate from these biogas plants, is usually that their actual potential is not fully utilized, complex technology is used with a lot of space and circuits are not closed.
  • container or drum systems that are made entirely of metal. To ensure a long service life, these container and drum systems are primarily made of expensive and corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel, such as V2A or V4A. Again, there are disadvantages of the material, as this is very costly and especially difficult to process by welding and thus also very expensive. Irrespective of this, corrosion-related signs of wear also occur with this material.
  • additives, preparations and / or products can be added to the biomass and mixed with it to form in this way a valuable fertilizer, in particular a demand-based whole fertilizer.
  • the aim of the fertilizers is to apply the nutrients and nutrients they contain to precision similar to that used to fertilize mineral fertilizers, to bring optimum and maximum nutrients to the plant roots and to allow for minimal nutrient losses.
  • Fertilizers are known to be substances intended to be supplied to crops and ornamental plants, etc., in order to promote their growth, to increase their yield or to improve their quality. All known fertilizers provide the plant roots nutrients via the soil or substrate solution according to their dissolution rate. Fertilization strategies with these fertilizers according to the invention and other farmyard manures are more favorable in terms of their energy and environmental balance than strategies based exclusively on mineral fertilizers.
  • the operator of the biogas plant with which the device according to the invention can be connected, so for example from the resulting during operation of the biogas plant useful, need-based fertilizer manufacture, which he can then either use himself or make marketable.
  • the mixing device by the mixing device, the additives, preparations and / or products, in particular the nutrient additions, the biomass are supplied in such an amount as the operator of the plant, such as a farmer, the fertilizer for its respective soil nutrient balance, Auszustungsart and -Zeit Vietnamese, the Weather, the soil type and its plantations and the yield target thus required and legally compliant as a complete fertilizer needed, so that among other things over-fertilization is avoided and the fertilizer effect is increased.
  • the device according to the invention has a very compact design and is therefore space-saving and efficient as well as a modular design versatile requirements with individual process design easily adaptable and usable. If required, it can be easily transported away and rebuilt and adapted to another location.
  • biomasses especially digestate
  • feedstocks for biogas production including renewable resources such as corn, GPS, cereals, green waste, etc. and manure such as animal manure, animal manure, market fruits, and their combination as well as all other biomass from raw, biowaste and residual materials, no matter if and / or with which pretreatment, origin or form.
  • a very advantageous development of the invention may consist in that a drying device is provided for drying the biomass.
  • the drying device can at the same time also include a mixing device.
  • the drying device of the device according to the invention the biomass previously supplied thereto by means of the feed device, in particular the fermentation residues from a biogas plant, is dried, whereafter they can form the basis for the production of a suitable fertilizer.
  • the drying of the biomass advantageously reduces the amount of the same, thereby saving on, inter alia, storage capacities, biomass transports, application areas, etc.
  • organic and / or inorganic substances can be added to the biomass in order to make recycling, processing, process stability, to improve and / or resolve the preservation of the properties, the mode of action, the storage, transport, use, use, spreading and application capabilities.
  • the biomass can also be comminuted, ground, pressed, compacted before, during and / or after the possible drying or mixing process, regardless of the form and type, the recycling, the processing, the process stability, the preservation the properties, the mode of action, the storage, transport, use, use, litter and applicability to improve and / or to solve.
  • the mixing device is arranged in the conveying direction of the biomass before, during and / or after the possible drying process. This will prevent the addition of additives, preparations and / or products may deteriorate or change depending on the process arrangement.
  • the mixing device is arranged so that the additives, preparations and / or products are integrated in the possible drying process, which allows a particularly good mixing of the additives, preparation and / or products with the biomass.
  • the mixing device has separate supply lines for each addition, preparation and / or product, so an advantageous particularly accurate and variable dosage of the additives, preparations or products can be achieved. This can have a positive effect on the desired properties of the fertilizer produced with the device according to the invention. At the same time or offset, for example, addition substances, preparations or products for fire and explosion prevention can be metered into these supply lines.
  • the mixing device has a premixing unit.
  • all additions such as; the nutrient additions as main nutrients and / or as trace nutrients; the additives, preparations or products of biomass and / or fire and explosion prevention substances; the additives, preparations and / or products as nutrient release inhibitors; and / or a nitrification inhibitor; and / or microorganisms in the premix unit are separated or mixed in a defined combination so that this mixture or individual product mixtures can be fed into the biomass in one or more supply lines.
  • Particularly effective fertilizers can be prepared if the addition substances, preparations and / or products so-called main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and / or magnesium and the like are added individually or in a defined recipe combination. It is also possible to combine them in the form of a solution, solid or an emulsion or as a defined multicomponent system.
  • the nutritional formulations may contain other nutrient additions as so-called trace nutrients such as boron, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, chlorine, molybdenum, sodium, silicon, cobalt, and the like. It is also possible to combine them in the form of a solution, solid or an emulsion or as a defined multicomponent system.
  • the additives, preparations and / or products may comprise a nutrient release inhibitor and / or a nitrification inhibitor and / or microorganisms for improving the long-term action and the properties of the fertilizer.
  • This nutrient release inhibitor, and / or a nitrification inhibitor, and / or microorganisms can be mixed in with or without controlled onset of nutrient delivery or resolved by an attached process.
  • the nutrient release inhibitor and / or a nitrification inhibitor and / or microorganisms can be mixed in the raw state with the remaining additives, preparations or products.
  • a solution, solid or an emulsion or combined as a defined multicomponent system for example, mix it in the process or dosing.
  • the nutrient release inhibitor and / or a nitrification inhibitor and / or microorganisms can also be introduced only before or after the packaging of the fertilizer.
  • the provision of a fertilizer, which provides the nutrients only at a desired time or over a desired period of time in the desired amount, has always been the goal for the plants, since in this way the supply of nutrients to the plants are carried out with less effort can.
  • Another very advantageous embodiment of the invention may consist in that the drying device has a heat exchanger which is connected via a heat pipe to the biogas plant.
  • the waste heat of the biogas plant is used to dry the biomass in the drying device, which is a particularly effective utilization of the waste heat generated during operation of a biogas plant.
  • the drying device has another suitable heat source. This is useful, for example, if the biogas plant does not deliver sufficient heat or the site is not at a biogas plant or another form of drying is used.
  • the drying device has a different type of drying. This is useful, for example, if a drying device is already present or if the biomass is to be upgraded with a different type of drying or other type of processing into fertilizers with the invention.
  • the drying device has at least one exhaust air line which is connected to an exhaust air scrubber.
  • the exhaust air scrubber runs a line to the drying device, it is possible to bind the nitrogen contained in the exhaust air as ammonium sulfate and provide.
  • the line can be opened and closed by means of a valve.
  • This valve can be controlled manually or automatically.
  • the fume scrubber is designed so that with the same a fertilizer based on ammonium sulfate can be produced.
  • the scrubber may, for example, itself produce a liquid high quality fertilizer with sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or silicic acid or related acids and / or bases.
  • a line from the fume scrubber to a container for the fertilizer based on ammonium sulfate may further be provided.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention may consist in that the drying device is designed as a drum dryer to act as a mixing unit for all addition substances.
  • a drum dryer in contrast to other known drying devices, such as belt dryers, very effective, robust, compact, low-wear, low maintenance, energy-saving, flexible.
  • the liquid addition possibility among other things as rewetting, can be used as an additional process mixer and has a very rings size, whereby the drying device can be used even if only a limited space is available.
  • a different drying device is used, which is designed as a mechanical and / or thermal process, in particular as a belt dryer, vacuum dryer, mechanical dewatering device or the like.
  • the produced fertilizer can be comminuted, ground, pressed, compacted, in whatever form and type, to process stability, the preservation of properties, the mode of action, the bearings - improve, and / or to solve, transport, use, use, littering and applicability.
  • an analysis device for analyzing the supplied biomass is arranged before, at and / or after the drying device, then a coupling of the analysis device with the mixing device for supplying the addition substances, preparations and / or products presupposed, and and after the mixing operation, a highly effective fertilizer is produced in a defined form, the composition of which is known exactly as a recipe for each batch and can be set as required, monitored and documented for each batch.
  • a return line can also run to a fermentation tank bed.
  • a branch line to the drying device over which further liquid digestate of the drying device can be supplied to reduce further liquid from the digestate.
  • a valve for releasing or closing the branch line is arranged in the return line to the Gärresteendlager.
  • the feed device has an entry shaft.
  • the supply device may have a storage container.
  • a central control unit is possible at a suitable central location of the invention.
  • a remote monitoring and connection of the invention to internal or external PCs for control and monitoring is possible.
  • a non-illustrated installation version of all components and operating components in ISO sea containers and / or conventional housings is possible.
  • a not shown necessary fire extinguishing device for the invention is possible.
  • other not shown necessary operating equipment or components are possible to ensure the operation and to meet insurance and other legal requirements.
  • fertilizers produced with the device according to the invention are given.
  • the fertilizers which are practically obtained from by-products of the biogas plant, can be produced very inexpensively and can be adapted to the respective requirements by the supplied additives, preparations and / or products, so that it is either used by the operator of the biogas plant itself or to other users can be produced marketable.
  • the fertilizers can be used in particular in agriculture, gardening, turf, landscaping, vegetable, forestry, wine, organic agriculture and fruit growing, in other areas of ornamental and crop plants, but also in other different industries.
  • the fertilizers from biomass are important for the supply of the plants with the nutrients and organic humus-C, but also for the pore distribution and thus for the air and heat balance of the soil.
  • the rapidly available nutrient elements as well as the microbially degraded nutrient elements released from their organic bond, i. mineralized, are thus available for plants.
  • addition substances, preparations and / or products also have trace nutrients such as boron, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, chlorine, molybdenum, sodium, silicon, cobalt and the like individually or in a defined recipe combination. It is also possible to combine them in the form of a solution, solid or an emulsion or combined as a multicomponent system.
  • the long-term effect of the fertilizer can be improved, for example, by adding additives, preparations and / or products, a nutrient release retarder and / or a nitrification inhibitor and / or microorganisms to improve the long-term effect and the properties of the fertilizer.
  • additives, preparations and / or products for example, by adding additives, preparations and / or products, a nutrient release retarder and / or a nitrification inhibitor and / or microorganisms to improve the long-term effect and the properties of the fertilizer.
  • a nutrient release retarder and / or a nitrification inhibitor and / or microorganisms to improve the long-term effect and the properties of the fertilizer.
  • other substances, products and / or processes are conceivable in this context.
  • the main nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and / or magnesium and the like are supplied as addition substances, preparations and / or products.
  • the trace nutrients such as boron, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, chlorine, molybdenum, sodium, silicon, cobalt and the like are supplied as addition substances, preparations and / or products.
  • a liquid phase of the biomass is processed via precipitation, ph value shift and / or ozonation.
  • a container or drum system for solid, liquid or gaseous substances results from the features of claim 40.
  • the container or drum systems made of a fiber composite material according to the invention have by their material composition and their flexible material and manufacturing capabilities extreme strength, rigidity and at the same time a very low weight, tightness with the best acid and corrosion resistance and temperature and abrasion resistance, which in addition with antibacterial Coatings such as graphene, a two-dimensional graphite material, can be provided or vapor-deposited. Also, fiber composites can be repaired very well without any problems.
  • a fiber composite material in particular CFRP, has the positive properties of high frost and UV resistance and is characterized by a high abrasion resistance. When set, CFRP is particularly impervious to gas and water and resistant to chemical and biological agents.
  • the use of fiber composites for container or drum systems for aggressive substances or other substances has the positive effect that in addition to a relatively small use of materials in production by optimally adaptable statically calculated different wall thickness ranges, in particular measures for corrosion protection are not required. It is also possible to incorporate different materials in the fiber composite material as a dense component.
  • a fiber composite material can be very easily processed and assembled and coated.
  • the container or drum systems according to the invention can be used in particular for storage, processing, treatment, processing, mass movement, fermentation, heating, sanitation, storage, storage, drying, exhaust air purification, mixing and / or finishing.
  • the container or drum serves as a component or product of an application system in the range of solids, liquids and / or gases, in particular for aggressive substances or various other substances.
  • the container or drum components can be formed from tubular, plate, sandwich plate elements in honeycomb form or a mix of these possibilities.
  • the container or drum system has at least one segment part.
  • the fiber composite material is CFRP.
  • the fiber composite material is GFK.
  • the fibers of the fiber composite material are embedded in multiple layers as reinforcement in a plastic matrix.
  • a further advantage is when other application-specific additional materials are incorporated or incorporated in the fiber composite material.
  • the components of the container or drum system consist of tubular, plate or sandwich plate elements in honeycomb form or a mixture thereof. or as a modular system depending on the application and use in any composition, size, shape, material thickness and location are designed as a component or as a product.
  • the container or drum system has an additional outer and / or inner linings directly or indirectly.
  • the components of the container or drum system are formed as individual components, plate components or as part of a system.
  • Another advantage is when the container or drum system has additional exterior and / or interior components.
  • Fig. 1 is a very schematic plan view of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the device according to the arrow II of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the drying device of the device from FIGS. 1 and 2, designed as a drum dryer;
  • Fig. 4 is a very schematic plan view of an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a horizontal and stationary drum and / or tube
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a horizontal and vertical container, which can be realized in any other shape and position;
  • Fig. 7 is a front view and plan view of a composite of plate segments
  • FIGS 1 and 2 show in very schematic representations of a device 1 for the treatment of unillustrated biomass, in the present case of digestate from a biogas plant 2, near which the device 1 is located.
  • the device 1 has a feed device 3 for feeding the biomass or the digestate to a drying device 4 of the device 1.
  • the feeding device 3 can be designed, for example, as a screw conveyor and leads the fermentation residues, which may for example have a ratio of 30% solids to 70% liquid content, into the drying device 4.
  • nutrient-rich ashes or other additives or additives, such as residual and biowaste of any kind and the like can be added to the feeder 3.
  • drying device 4 it is also possible to dispense with the drying device 4 or it is possible to dry the fermentation residues at another location remote from the device 1. Furthermore, it is possible that the drying device 4 is designed in the form of a pressing device. This is particularly, but not exclusively, for smaller systems.
  • the drying device 4 is used for drying the fermentation residues and has in the present case a heat exchanger 5, which is connected via a heat pipe 6 to the biogas plant 2, so that the drying device 4 and the fermentation residues therein is heated by utilizing the waste heat from the biogas plant 2 can be. In principle, however, another heating of the drying device 4 by means of another suitable heat source is possible. While the digestate according to the arrow A are passed through the device 1, the air flows in the opposite direction shown by the arrow B through the drying device 4 to exit via an exhaust duct 7 from the drying device 4.
  • the exhaust air duct 7 is adjoined by a suction device 8 designed as a fan or fan in the present case, which sucks the air out of the drying device 4.
  • a suction device 8 designed as a fan or fan in the present case, which sucks the air out of the drying device 4.
  • ambient air is sucked in and heated by the heat exchanger.
  • the suction device 8 can also be installed before or after the heat exchanger 5, to direct the hot air through the drying device 4, or it is performed as a combination of the possible variants.
  • the heated air in the heat exchanger 5 is introduced at a temperature of about 70 to 85 ° C in the drying device 4, wherein the absorption capacity of the drying device 4 may be about 2.5 to 5 m 3 of dry material.
  • the heated air removes the moisture contained in the drying device 4
  • the fermentation residue is the moisture.
  • a drying can be provided that a residual moisture of at most 25% of the materials contained in the drying device 4 is achieved.
  • a blowing device in the region of the heat exchanger 5, may be provided, which can generate an air flow according to the arrow B.
  • the drying of the solid digestate in the drying device 4 is carried out batchwise, wherein the material to be dried circa. 2 to 10 hours remains within the drying device 4.
  • the actual drying time depends, among other things, on the nature and quantity of the dry product, the temperature, the moisture content of the material, the target moisture, the additional liquid input and the humidity of the outside air as well as the heat input capacity.
  • the drying device 4 may be equipped with a balance, not shown, to weigh the goods located in the same to be dried. From the weight of the material to be dried located in the drying device 4 conclusions can be made on the drying time of the same.
  • sensors can be arranged within the drying device 4 with which the degree of drying of the material to be dried can be determined.
  • the exhaust air line 7 is followed by an exhaust scrubber 9, which serves to filter the exhaust air from the drying device 4 and to avoid emissions such as dust and odor pollution and air pollution.
  • the exhaust air from the drying device 4 can therefore be supplied to the scrubber 9.
  • the air Before the airflow enters the exhaust air scrubber 9, the air can be cleaned by a pre-filter of suspended matter, not shown. After the prefilter, the air enters a filter box, also not shown, of the exhaust air scrubber 9, where it is pressed through filter packs and preferably wetted with water via a nozzle system. Further, the water may be enriched with sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, silicic acid or other suitable acid which reacts with the ammonia to form ammonium sulfate.
  • a liquid high-quality fertilizer based on ammonium sulfate can be prepared.
  • the filter water can be supplied to the fermentation residues in the drying device 4, whereby this process can be integrated into a control and automated.
  • the reservoir and / or a separator, not shown, may be housed with a protective structure.
  • the dried fermentation residues are discharged by means of a discharge device 10 and arrive at a mixing device 11 arranged in the present case in the conveying direction A of the digestate after the drying device 4, for supplying additives, preparations and / or products to the digestate and for mixing the addition substances, preparations and / or products with the digestate is used.
  • the discharge device 10 may include, as required, a catch plate, a hopper or a discharge conveyor, such as a screw conveyor, a conveyor belt, a tube chain conveyor or the like. In principle, however, a different type of drying than drying device 4 is possible.
  • additives are understood as meaning individual substances, mixtures of different substances produced under preparations on site, and mixtures of different substances already produced at a different location under products.
  • the mixing device 11 a mixing screw 12, in which the additives, preparations and / or products are mixed with the digestate.
  • the mixing screw 12 can also be integrated in the discharge device 10 or be made in one piece with the same.
  • the mixing device 11 has respective separate supply lines 13, with which each addition substance or each preparation and / or product can be fed individually to the fermentation residues leaving the drying device 4.
  • the additives, preparations and / or products Schonumbler comprise such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and / or magnesium and Spurennumbler comprise such as boron, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, chlorine, molybdenum, sodium, silicon, cobalt and the like and / or a nutrient release inhibitor, and / or a nitrification inhibitor, and / or microorganisms for improving the long-term action and the properties of the fertilizer or be.
  • Hauptnumbleretti such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and / or magnesium
  • Spurennähride such as boron, manganese, copper, zinc, iron, chlorine, molybdenum, sodium, silicon, cobalt and the like and / or a nutrient release inhibitor, and / or a nitrification inhibitor, and / or microorganisms for improving the long-term action and the properties of the fertilizer or be.
  • the mixing of all additives, preparations and / or products can also take place in the mixing device 11. These can then also be metered into the fermentation residues in one or more supply lines, not shown, located in the drying device 4. At the same time or staggered additions can be added to prevent fire and explosion.
  • all additives, preparations and / or products can be added before, during and / or after the drying process.
  • the mixing device 11 may optionally also have a premixing unit in which the addition substances, preparations and / or products are mixed together before being fed to the biomass.
  • the addition of the additives, preparations and / or products directly into the drying device 4 may be advantageous.
  • the mixing of the additives, preparations and / or products can also take place before the mixing device 11.
  • additives in particular the N-P-K additives, i.
  • the additives in the form of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium may also be made after discharge from the above-described or other drying equipment, in the following ways:
  • liquid phase in particular liquid fermentation residue
  • separated residual liquids in liquid form directly for thermal separation by evaporation drying by low-energy metering in the above manner, in particular by means of injection.
  • This can be per batch be carried out several times or constantly in the process, where appropriate, several times alternately metered and dried or added at the same time and dried.
  • the liquid phase of the biomass in particular pressed-off residual slurry, after the separation and before the return to the residual storage by precipitation, ph value shift and / or ozonation as water treatment for environmentally friendly oxidation of iron, manganese, organic matter and for sterilization in addition as a treatment stage be used.
  • This can be improved by UV.
  • water content which is either returned to the biogas process as VorflutMines water or can be used for local field water sprinkling. This can save a costly application and the burden of the liquid phase with hormones, drugs, germs, etc. are significantly reduced.
  • the liquid and solid additional nutrients on biomass for example, organic residues and biorest substances or the like can as main and / or trace nutrients with an upstream decentralized treatment, for example in the form of separation, separation, sorting, drying, evaporation and / or compaction or or without these types of processing as a central solution, d. H. moved together from several systems, introduced or metered.
  • liquid and solid additional nutrients on biomass for example organic residues and biorest materials or the like as main and / or trace nutrients that do not come from a drying plant, but decentralized or centrally before, during or after a treatment to introduce or meter.
  • This also provides adequate wetting in the solid to achieve biological stability at higher residual moisture contents, i. Mold, rot, etc. to avoid.
  • nutrient retarders and / or a nitrification inhibitor and / or microorganisms in the additional nutrient mixtures themselves or extra mixed, before, during or after a mechanical and / or thermal separation, on or in the solid biomass and decentralized or central.
  • a fertilizer can be produced by the operator of biogas plant 2 or the device 1 can be used as fertilizer for fertilizing plants or sold to other users.
  • a compacting and / or packaging device 14 may preferably be provided at the end of the device 1, ie after the mixing device 11, in which the fertilizer produced from the digestate and the additives, preparations and / or products is packed, labeled and transported and / or can be spent for depot storage as bulk goods.
  • liquid fertilizer produced in the scrubber 9 may be provided in the drawings, however, not shown packaging or filling device.
  • All fertilizers produced by the device 1 can be made to comply with existing fertilizer regulations and laws.
  • the preservation of the properties, the mode of action, the storage, transport, use, use, spreading and applicability , the type and / or shape may be solved by crushing, grinding, pressing, compacting, etc. before, during and / or after the process.
  • the device 1 may further comprise an analysis device, not shown, which serves for analyzing the fermentation residues fed to the drying device 4.
  • the analysis device can be provided in front of the feed device 3, between the feed device 3 and the drying device 4, at the inlet of the drying device 4, on the drying device 4 itself and / or after the drying device 4.
  • the composition of the supplied input materials and nutrients can be determined in order to determine the further process steps.
  • the changing composition of the nutrient concentrations can be determined and the process can be influenced in a suitable manner.
  • the values of the fertilizer produced can be determined.
  • the analyzer is coupled to the mixer 11 for feeding the additions to the dried digestate.
  • the composition of the fertilizer can be accurately determined and reproduced as a defined recipe.
  • control device 15 is attached to the drying device 4, with which the drying device 4 and optionally the entire device 1 can be controlled.
  • the control device can also be at a suitable other location of the invention.
  • the drying device 4 is formed in the present case as a drum dryer 4a, which is shown schematically in Fig. 3 in a perspective view.
  • the drum dryer 4a has at its inner periphery a screw conveyor 16, with which the fermentation residues are transported in the direction of arrow A by the drum dryer 4a.
  • Within the drum dryer 4a arises due to the rotation and conveying movement of the drum, a turbulent flow, which contributes to the drying of the material to be dried.
  • the direction of rotation of the drum dryer 4a can be reversed.
  • the drum dryer 4a consists of a waterproof, corrosion-resistant material or a material with corrosion-resistant coatings with abrasion-resistant, non-stick and antistatic properties.
  • the drum dryer 4a and possibly other components of the device 1 are protected against both mechanical and aggressive chemical influences, such as acids or alkalis, so that the drying drum 4a is very corrosion-resistant, application-optimized and wear-resistant.
  • the drum dryer 4a may also be charged with other drying goods, bulk goods or the like, such as feed, seeds, market or wood chips, animal manure, animal manure, etc. as well as other raw materials and residues from fermentation processes or other biomasses, etc.
  • the drum dryer 4a Due to the variable presetting of the drum dryer 4a with respect to the residence time of the material to be dried in the same and the possible direction of rotation reversal, the drying and / or mixing individually to the respective material to be dried and to the waste heat supplying heat source, in this case, the biogas plant 2 adapted become. Due to its constructive structure with multifunctional installation in a container, the drum dryer 4a is easily accessible and easy to maintain and clean. Preferably, the drum dryer 4a is completely prefabricated and he is immediately ready for use after it has been connected.
  • the drum dryer 4a, the exhaust scrubber 9 and / or the mixing device 11 can be installed, for example, in conventional ISO sea containers or housings and transported in this way very easily.
  • the drying device 4 could also be designed as a belt dryer or vacuum dryer or the like in order to produce a fertilizer with this described device 1 with corresponding downstream components.
  • fermentation residues are thus dried by means of the drying device and cleaned with the exhaust air scrubber 9 the exhaust air whereby an ASL fertilizer is produced and mixed by means of the mixing device 11 with additives, preparations and / or products, whereby one of the digestate and the additives, Preparations and / or products, in particular nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, existing fertilizer is produced according to a defined recipe.
  • All of the features of the device 1 described above can therefore also be features of the method for producing the fertilizer.
  • the biomass device 1 is fed and then discharged from the device 1.
  • additives, preparations and / or products are added to the biomass and the additives and / or products are mixed with the biomass.
  • the biomass is dried in the drying device 4.
  • the fertilizer produced in the device 1 can be in bulk form, for example, loose, crushed, ground or granulated, or compacted, are offered.
  • the packaging produced for the fertilizer in the packaging device 14 may also be formed.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a further very schematic plan view an alternative embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the basic principle of the device 1 according to FIG. 4 is very similar to that shown in FIGS. 1-3, for which reason only the differences are discussed below.
  • a line 17 to the drying device 4 through which the ammonium sulfate produced in the scrubber 9 dried moisture contained or contained in the ammonia nitrogen can be recycled to the solid phase and thus concentrated and thus greenhouse gases are significantly reduced can.
  • a valve not shown, may be provided, by means of which the line 17 can be released or closed.
  • a further return line 20 extends to a Gärresteendlager 21, in which the remaining liquid masses can be stored.
  • a branch line 22 to the drying device 4.
  • the fermentation residues of the drying device 4 can be supplied to remove a further portion of the liquid from the digestate.
  • the fermentation residues can, for example, be sprayed into the drying device 4, whereby the air flowing through the drying device 4 humidifies and thus the exhaust air scrubber 9 is protected from dust.
  • a valve, not shown, for releasing or closing the branch line 22 may be arranged in the leading to the Gärresteendlager 21 return line 20 in the leading to the Gärresteendlager 21 return line 20, a valve, not shown, for releasing or closing the branch line 22 may be arranged.
  • an entry shaft 23 assigned to the feed device 3 can be seen, which allows a simple inputting of additives into the feed device 3.
  • the entry shaft 23 may also have a hopper.
  • the feed device 3 may also have a reservoir, not shown. About the entry bay 23 or the reservoir, the most diverse substances in the feeder 3 or generally in the device 1 are introduced.
  • a return line 24 extending from the drying device 4 to the feed device 3 is provided, via which material already dried beforehand in the drying device 4 can be fed once more to the drying device 4.
  • the device 1 can be provided decentrally, so for example be associated with the biogas plant 2. However, it is also possible a central design or arrangement of the device 1, in which this is set up and operated independently of other systems.
  • FIG. 5 shows a drying drum 25 or generally a container or drum system 25 for the drying device 4.
  • the drying drum 25 can thus serve as a component for the drying device 4 described above.
  • Fig. 5 shows a standing drum 26, the z. B. as a mixing drum or as a connecting pipe with depending on the requirements and statics needs wall thickness 27 can find an optimal application.
  • FIG. 6 shows a container which is designed as a tubular drum 28 or 29 and has closed side walls 30 and 31 or bottom 31 and cover 30 and which can be used for any application systems with the known material advantages, any openings, additional attachments, additional components, material fixtures for gas and liquid-tight container systems for underground or above-ground installation situations can be formed.
  • Fig. 7 shows a positive and non-positive joined together comprehensive container system with a ceiling plate 32 and a bottom plate 33, which can be built in any shape in plate segments 34.
  • FIGS 5, 6 and 7 can also be combined together to give a container or drum system 25 according to the invention.
  • the container or drum components described herein are made from carbon fiber plastic composite material, also CFRP (carbon-fiber reinforced plastic, CFRP) or colloquially called carbon.
  • CFRP refers to a fiber-plastic composite material in which carbon fibers, usually in several layers and in different directions, in particular adaptable to the static requirements, are embedded as reinforcement in a plastic matrix.
  • the matrix is usually composed of thermosets, for example epoxy resin, acrylic resin, such as methacrylate, polyester or thermoplastics or similar composite materials, whereby they can be optimally adapted to the particular application in your mixture, among other things.
  • CFRP has an extreme strength, rigidity and at the same time a very low weight.
  • drying drums for a drum dryer can be used as a material also fiberglass, ie glass fiber reinforced plastic, especially since it is a relatively cheap material in fiberglass.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) de préparation et de valorisation de biomasse, en particulier de résidus de fermentation provenant d'une installation de biogaz, et de production d'engrais. Ce dispositif comporte les éléments caractéristiques suivants: une installation de chargement (3) pour le chargement de la biomasse dans le dispositif (1), une installation de déchargement (10) pour le déchargement de la biomasse séchée depuis le dispositif (1), une installation de (11) pour l'introduction d'additifs, de préparations et/ou de produits, et le mélange de ces additifs, préparations et/ou produits avec la biomasse.
PCT/EP2012/069947 2011-10-12 2012-10-09 Procédé de préparation et de valorisation de biomasse WO2013053697A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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DE201120106649 DE202011106649U1 (de) 2011-10-12 2011-10-12 Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung und Veredelung von Biomasse
DE202011106649.9 2011-10-12
DE202012001368.8 2012-02-13
DE201220001368 DE202012001368U1 (de) 2012-02-13 2012-02-13 Behälter- oder Trommelsystem

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103755466A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-30 郑州奇克生物科技有限公司 生物质有机炭基钾肥生产装置及生产方法
DE102013012289A1 (de) * 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Mineralit Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Hygienisierung von Gärsubstrat aus Fermentern
EP3228692A3 (fr) * 2016-04-04 2018-01-10 SFL Technologies GmbH Procédé et dispositif de traitement de biomasse
WO2021154088A1 (fr) * 2020-01-27 2021-08-05 Jordpro Tiller As Procédé de production d'amendement du sol à partir de déchets organiques et engrais produit à partir de celui-ci

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DE4331546C2 (de) * 1993-09-16 1999-12-23 Walhalla Kalk Entwicklungs Und Nährstoffangereicherte Klärschlämme sowie ihre Herstellung und Verwendung
DE19602489A1 (de) * 1996-01-25 1997-07-31 Christian Widmer Verfahren zur biologischen Behandlung von organischen Materialien und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
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CA2611292C (fr) * 2005-06-02 2011-07-05 Institut De Recherche Et De Developpement En Agroenvironnement Inc. (Irda) Procede et systeme de fabrication de biofertilisants

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010005253A1 (de) 2010-01-20 2011-07-21 Niederbacher, Michael, Dr. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln und/oder Aufbereiten von flüssigem Gärrest aus einem Nachgärer und/oder Fermenter einer Biogasanlage

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013012289A1 (de) * 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Mineralit Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Hygienisierung von Gärsubstrat aus Fermentern
CN103755466A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-30 郑州奇克生物科技有限公司 生物质有机炭基钾肥生产装置及生产方法
CN103755466B (zh) * 2013-12-25 2016-04-20 郑州奇克生物科技有限公司 生物质有机炭基钾肥生产装置及生产方法
EP3228692A3 (fr) * 2016-04-04 2018-01-10 SFL Technologies GmbH Procédé et dispositif de traitement de biomasse
WO2021154088A1 (fr) * 2020-01-27 2021-08-05 Jordpro Tiller As Procédé de production d'amendement du sol à partir de déchets organiques et engrais produit à partir de celui-ci

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