WO2013053251A1

WO2013053251A1 - Verticalshaft wind motor

Info

Publication number: WO2013053251A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/078404
Authority: WO
Inventors: 邓允河
Original assignee: Deng Yunhe
Priority date: 2011-10-14
Filing date: 2012-07-10
Publication date: 2013-04-18

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a vertical-shaft wind driven generator, which comprises a tower column (1) and more than two power generation units provided on the tower column. Said power generation units comprise wind wheels(2), a main gear wheel(10) sleeved on the tower column, a generator(4) and a mounting platform(3).Said wind wheels are pivoted with the tower column by first bearings(83,85) and second bearings(93,95), and are interlocked with the main gear wheel by the second bearings. The main gear wheel rotates upon the rotation of the wind wheels to drive the rotational shaft of the generator to rotate, so as to generate power. The method can reduce the volume of the generator, and allow for more generation units, thereby improving the efficiency of power generation.

Description

Description A vertical axis wind turbine technical field

The invention relates to a wind power generator, in particular a vertical axis wind power generator. Background technique

As we all know, wind turbines include horizontal and vertical axes. The power generation principle is basically the same. The power generation efficiency is related to the wind speed and the effective wind energy utilization area of the wind turbine. Simply put, the larger the wind turbine, the higher the power generation efficiency. After years of development, horizontal-axis wind turbines have achieved better development than vertical-axis wind turbines because of the extreme heights that can be carried by the towers of horizontal-axis wind turbines and vertical-axis wind turbines. The wind turbine of a horizontal axis wind turbine has a higher utilization rate of wind energy than a wind turbine of a vertical axis wind power generation. After years of research, horizontal axis wind turbines can be said to have reached the technical bottleneck, and it is difficult to make major breakthroughs. This is because the horizontal shearing force of the horizontal axis wind turbine's wind turbine to the tower column is large. The height of the column, which limits the height that can be achieved by the wind wheel and the effective wind energy utilization area; however, the vertical axis wind turbine is different, and the lateral shear force of the wind wheel to the column is small, that is, When the column load is allowed, the wind turbine of the vertical axis wind turbine can be made higher and higher to improve its power generation efficiency. Therefore, the vertical axis wind turbine has more development prospects. At present, there are many vertical axis wind turbines in development. For example, the applicant has a patent application for vertical axis wind turbines. A vertical wind turbine with the publication number CN101545457 includes a central tower and is located at the center tower. More than one vertical wind power generation unit on the column, the vertical wind power generation unit includes a first bearing, a generator, a second bearing, a third bearing, and a blade. A connecting flange is disposed under the generator, the connecting flange is fixedly connected to a lower end of the generator rotor, and an upper end of the generator rotor is connected to the second bearing outer ring. An exciter is disposed under the connecting flange, the exciter includes a rotor and a stator, the upper end of the exciter rotor is connected to the connecting flange, and the lower end is connected to the outer ring of the first bearing, and the lower end of the blade is outside the second bearing The ring is fixedly connected, and the upper end of the blade is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the third bearing. The generator of this structure is an outer rotor generator, and the inner stator surrounds the central tower. For the structural strength, the diameter of the central tower is generally made larger. Therefore, the diameter of the generator is also required. It has to be very large, and the corresponding exciter has to be done relatively large. It is difficult to start such a large generator, and the manufacturing cost of the large motor is high, and it is not convenient for such a large motor maintenance and repair; in addition, the design The vertical axis wind turbine is basically suitable for placing multiple wind power generation units on the central tower to increase its power generation. However, in practice, it is often difficult to meet the requirements due to insufficient conditions, mainly due to the blades of each power generation unit. And the generator is heavy, and the center tower can not meet the requirements. Therefore, in the current situation, only two power generation units can be placed on the center tower, which limits the vertical axis wind turbine to high power development. . Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a vertical axis wind power generator, the wind wheel has small load and the starting wind speed is smaller; the cost of each power generating unit is low, the generator size is greatly reduced, and the maintenance and repair difficulty is reduced; The number of power generation units that can be installed on the column is greater, increasing the overall power generation of the vertical axis wind turbine.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a vertical axis wind power generator comprising a central tower, wherein the central tower is provided with two or more power generating units; the power generating unit includes a wind wheel, and the limitation a brake device for a rotor speed, a main gear, two or more generators, a mounting platform for mounting the generator; the wind wheel is a Φ-shaped wind wheel, and the wind wheel includes at least two evenly distributed blades. a first bearing is disposed at an upper end of the wind wheel, an inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly sleeved on the central tower, and an outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly connected with an upper end of the wind wheel, and a lower end of the wind wheel a second bearing is disposed, the inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly sleeved on the central tower, and the outer ring of the second bearing is fixedly connected with the lower end of the wind wheel, and the wind wheel passes through the first bearing and a second bearing is pivotally connected to the central tower; two or more connecting pipes uniformly distributed on the same circumference are disposed between the first bearing and the second bearing, and the upper end of the connecting pipe and the outer ring of the first bearing Connection, lower end and second The main ring is connected to the central tower, the main gear is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing, and the wind wheel drives the main gear to rotate through the second bearing, the main gear respectively Coupling with a rotating shaft of the generator through a gear transmission system; the central tower is a reinforced concrete structure, the center of the central tower is provided with a passage from the bottom to the top, and the installation platform surrounds the central tower The mounting platform is integrally grout-formed with the central tower, and the mounting platform is provided with a mounting screw hole, and the generator is fixed on the mounting platform by bolts. The wind wheel is rotated by the wind, and its power is sequentially transmitted through the main gear and the gear The system transmits the shaft to each generator to provide mechanical energy for each generator to generate electricity. Through the gear transmission system, the speed ratio of the main gear to the rotating shaft of the generator can be changed. Although the rotating speed of the wind wheel is low, after the adjustment of the gear transmission system, a large rotating speed can also be output to the rotating shaft of the generator, so that With high-speed generators, high-speed generators have a smaller volume of generators at the same power generation compared to prior art low-speed generators. In the invention, the load of the wind wheel is reduced, the starting wind speed is smaller, and the wind power generator can also generate electricity at a low wind speed; the generator in each power generating unit is small in volume, the manufacturing cost is low, and the maintenance and repair are reduced. Difficulty. Compared with the existing central column of steel structure, the central column of reinforced concrete has the advantages of convenient construction, low cost, high strength and good stability; due to the installation platform on the central tower and the center of reinforced concrete The tower is an integrated structure with sufficient strength to carry generators, control cabinets and other equipment. The whole set of power generation equipment is installed on the installation platform, which changes the installation mode of the generator, and the installation of the generator is more convenient and simple. The central tower structure with multiple mounting platforms is suitable for laying multi-layer power generating devices on the vertical axis wind power generators, and the power generating devices can mutually generate electricity without being interfered with each other. Therefore, the central tower structure of the present invention breaks the vertical axis wind power. The bottleneck of the generator to high power development, the number of power generation units that can be installed on the central tower is more, which can further improve the overall power generation of the vertical axis wind turbine.

As an improvement, the gear transmission system is a bevel gear that is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the generator, and the bevel gear meshes with the main gear.

As an improvement, the gear transmission system includes a pinion gear, a worm gear, the main gear meshes with the pinion gear, and a rotating shaft of the pinion gear is coupled to a rotating shaft of the generator through the worm gear structure.

As an improvement, a clutch is provided between the main gear and the gear transmission system for controlling the gear transmission system to be coupled to the main gear. Whether the clutch control gear transmission system needs to be connected with the main gear, when a generator fails, the corresponding clutch disconnects the generator; when the generator speed exceeds the rated speed, the generator and the main gear are disconnected by the clutch Connect to protect the generator from damage.

As a modification, a speed sensor is disposed on the rotating shaft of the wind wheel and the generator, and the speed sensor is electrically connected to the clutch. When the speed sensor detects that the rotational speed of the rotor or the generator exceeds a preset value, sends a signal to the clutch to disconnect the clutch from the gear transmission system and the main gear When the speed sensor detects that the rotor speed has returned to the preset value, it sends a signal to the clutch to reconnect the clutch to the gear train and the main gear.

As an improvement, the installation platform is internally provided with a steel member, and the steel member is horizontally disposed and penetrates the center column to form a grid-like distribution, so that the strength of the installation platform is higher and the bearing capacity is stronger.

As an improvement, the central tower column is provided with steel bars for building construction, and the steel bars extend into the installation platform to further increase the strength and carrying capacity of the installation platform.

As an improvement, the mounting platform is provided with a protective cover, and the generator and the gear transmission system are disposed in the protective cover. The purpose of the shield is to protect the generator and gearing system from external environmental disturbances, to ensure the safety of its operation and to increase its life.

As an improvement, a crane is arranged on the top of the central tower column, and the crane is provided with a hook; the blade is arcuate, composed of a string and a corresponding arc, and more than one branch is arranged between the arc and the string An arm, wherein the arm is provided with a plurality of lifting lugs for hanging hooks, and the string is provided with two or more pulleys; and the number of the first bearing and the second bearing in each power generating unit is a track having the same number of blades, the upper end of the track is fixed to the outer ring of the first bearing, and the lower end of the track is fixed to the outer ring of the second bearing; the string and the pulley constitute a sliding mechanism that is slidably engaged with the track; a male connection mechanism is disposed on the lower two ends, and a female connection mechanism is disposed on the upper and lower ends of the corresponding blade on the track, the male connection mechanism is matched with the female connection mechanism; and the installation platform is provided with a blade Through the passage, the aisle runs vertically through the mounting platform. In the case of strong winds, the blades are suspended to the ground by cranes. The specific steps for the crane to lift the blades are as follows: The crane hangs the lifting lugs on the blade arms through the hooks; then the connection between the upper and lower ends of the blades is opened to disengage the blades from the tower. The column; the crane hoists down the blade, and the blade always slides along the track during the lowering process.

As an improvement, the male connection mechanism is two first mounting ears arranged side by side with mounting holes, the female connecting mechanism is a second mounting ear having a mounting hole, and the second mounting ear is inserted in two pieces Between a mounting ear, the first mounting ear and the second mounting ear are fixed by a pin connection.

In an improvement, the lower end of the wind wheel and the connecting pipe are fixedly connected to the second bearing outer ring through a coupling, and the braking device is disposed on the coupling. The brake device includes an annular brake disc disposed on the coupling and one or more brake devices fixed to the tower, the brake device including a brake and a power source for driving the brake, the brake Cooperating with the brake disc. When the generator needs to be braked, the power source drives the brake to hold the brake to the brake The disc, relying on the friction between the brake and the brake disc, consumes the kinetic energy of the generator, and reduces the speed of the generator rotor, thereby achieving the purpose of braking the generator.

As an improvement, the coupling is a flexible coupling, the braking device includes a brake pad, a damper, a damper pad, and a boss is extended on the column, the damper a pad is disposed on the boss, the damper is disposed on the damper pad, the brake pad is disposed on the damper, and the brake is disposed on the brake pad on. When braking, the brakes hold the brake discs and rely on friction to brake. When the brakes are generated, vibrations are generated. The shock absorbers absorb the vibration generated by the brakes, thus protecting the entire brake and the wind turbine.

The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are:

1. Through the gear transmission system, the speed ratio of the main gear to the shaft of the generator can be changed. Although the speed of the wind wheel is low, after the adjustment of the gear transmission system, a larger speed can also be output to the shaft of the generator. Therefore, it is possible to utilize a high-speed generator, and the high-speed generator has a smaller volume of the high-speed generator at the same power generation compared with the prior art low-speed generator;

2. Since the generator volume is greatly reduced, the weight of the generator rotor is also reduced, and the load on the wind turbine is reduced. Therefore, the starting wind speed of the wind turbine is smaller, which is beneficial to the wind turbine generating electricity even at low wind speed. ;

3. The generator volume is greatly reduced, the manufacturing cost and transportation cost are greatly reduced; and the maintenance and repair difficulty is reduced;

4. There is a clutch between the main gear and the gear transmission system. Whether the clutch control gear transmission system needs to be connected with the main gear, when a generator fails, the corresponding clutch disconnects the generator; when the generator speed When the rated speed is exceeded, the connection between the generator and the main gear is disconnected by the clutch to protect the generator from damage;

5. The central column of reinforced concrete can be made higher. Multiple installation platforms can be installed on the central tower. Power generation equipment can be installed on the installation platform. The corresponding wind turbines are combined to form an independent power generation unit. The provision of a plurality of power generating units on the central tower column can increase the power generation of the entire vertical axis wind power generator;

6. The device consisting of cranes, removable blades and rails to avoid stall caused by strong winds. The structure is simple, and it can solve the problem of stalling of the generator set and blade breakage when the wind is particularly strong or typhoon, ensuring the safety of the generator set. In addition, the crane can play very well The function of the assembled blades is especially suitable for use in high vertical vertical axis wind turbines;

7. The brake device brakes the coupling to reduce the speed of the wind turbine and the main gear of the vertical axis wind turbine. It not only protects the wind wheel from damage due to stall, but also protects the generator from power generation. It is too high and burned out; this kind of brake device cooperates with the vertical axis wind turbine, and the structure is simple and the braking effect is remarkable. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of B of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation platform.

Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the mounting platform.

Figure 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the mounting platform.

Figure 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the blade.

Figure 9 is a view showing the manner in which the blade of the embodiment 1 is connected to the track.

Figure 10 is a view showing the connection of the blade to the track of the embodiment 2.

Figure 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the crane.

Figure 12 is a schematic view of a crane hoisting blade.

Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the brake device.

Figure 14 is a schematic view of a squirrel cage structure. detailed description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings of the specification.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , a vertical axis wind power generator includes a central tower 1 , and the central tower 1 is provided with two or more power generating units. In this embodiment, the central tower 1 is hollow. The reinforced concrete center column 1 is provided with two power generating units arranged on the upper and lower sides. The power generating unit includes a wind wheel 2, a main gear 10, and two or more generators 4; In the example, two generators 4 are symmetrically disposed around the main gear 10; the wind wheel 2 is a Φ-shaped wind wheel, and the wind wheel 2 is composed of two symmetrical blades 21 . As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the upper end of the wind wheel 2 is provided with a first pivoting device 8, and the lower end of the wind wheel 2 is provided with a second pivoting device 9. In this embodiment, the first pivoting device 8 includes first annular bearing blocks 81, 82 disposed around the center column 1, and first bearings 83, 85 disposed on the first bearing housing; the second pivoting device 9 includes a central pivoting column 1 disposed a second annular bearing housing 91, 92, and a second bearing 93, 95 disposed on the second bearing housing; the first bearing and the second bearing are double volleyball slewing bearings. The bearing housing includes support plates 82, 92 and support plates 81, 91. The support plates 82, 92 are horizontally disposed and surround the central tower 1, and one end of the support plates 81, 91 and the support The pallets 82, 92 are fixed, and the other end is fixed to the center tower 1; the inner rings 85, 95 of the first and second bearings surround the center tower 1 and are mounted on the bearing plates 82, 92 of the bearing housing. Damping pads 86, 96 are provided between the center column 1 and the center column 1. The outer ring 83 of the first bearing of the first pivoting device 8 is connected to the upper end of the blade 21 through the first connecting flange 84; the outer ring 93 of the second bearing of the second pivoting device 9 passes through the second connecting flange 94 and the blade The lower end of 21 is connected to the main gear 10. The double volleyball slewing bearing of the present embodiment is a prior art and will not be described in detail herein. Those skilled in the art should be aware of the structure and working principle. The wind wheel 2 is pivotally connected to the central tower 1 through a first bearing of the first pivoting device 8 and a second bearing of the second pivoting device 9, and the wind wheel 2 passes through the second pivoting device The second bearing of 9 is interlocked with the main gear 10.

As shown in FIG. 3, the main gear 10 is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator 4 through a gear transmission system. In this embodiment, the gear transmission system is a bevel gear 11, the main gear 10 and the The bevel gear 11 is meshed, and the bevel gear 11 is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the horizontally placed generator 4. Therefore, the wind wheel 2 is coupled with the rotating shaft of the generator 4 through the main gear 10 and the bevel gear 11 to realize the wind wheel. The vertical rotation of 2 is converted into the horizontal rotation of the generator 4, and for the vertical axis wind turbine 4, the installation of the generator 4 is simpler and more convenient.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 14, between the first pivoting device 8 and the second pivoting device 9, two or more connecting tubes 7 uniformly distributed on the same circumference are disposed, and the upper end of the connecting tube 7 passes through the first connecting flange ₈₄ is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the first bearing 83, the lower end of the third pipe 7 are connected by a connecting flange 97, a second joint 6 and the second connecting flange 94 and the outer ring of bearing 93 is fixedly connected The outer ring 83 of the first bearing is synchronized with the outer ring 93 of the second bearing by the connecting pipe 7. The distribution of the connecting tubes 7 constitutes a squirrel cage 71 structure, due to the wind speed and the lower end of the upper end of the blade 21. The wind speed is often different. The wind speed at the upper end is generally higher than the wind speed at the lower end, so that the speed of the upper end of the blade 21 is faster than that of the lower end when rotating, but since the blade 21 is an entire structure, the upper and lower ends of the blade 21 must have The synchronous rotation speed, as a result, the blade 21 may be twisted, thereby destroying the optimum windward area of the blade 21 and reducing the utilization of the wind energy of the pair of blades 21. The squirrel cage is designed to transmit the moment of the upper end of the blade 21 to the lower end of the blade 21, so that the blade 21 can reduce the degree of distortion of the blade 21 as much as possible during the rotation.

A clutch (not labeled) for controlling the gear transmission system to be coupled to the main gear 10 is disposed between the main gear 10 and the bevel gear 11, and a speed sensor (not labeled) is disposed on the rotating shaft of the wind wheel 2 and the generator 4, The speed sensor is electrically coupled to the clutch. When the speed sensor detects that the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 2 or the rotating shaft of the generator 4 exceeds a preset value, a signal is sent to the clutch to disconnect the clutch transmission system from the main gear 10; when the speed sensor detects the rotational speed of the wind wheel 2 When the preset value is reached, a signal is sent to the clutch to reconnect the clutch to the gear transmission system and the main gear 10.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the power generating unit includes a mounting platform 3, the central tower 1 is a hollow reinforced concrete structure, the mounting platform 3 surrounds the central tower 1, the mounting platform 3 and the The central tower 1 is integrally formed by grouting. The mounting platform 3 is internally provided with an I-beam 31, and the I-beam 31 is horizontally disposed and extends through the central column 1 and is vertically interlaced to form a grid-like distribution, and the structural structure of the central tower 1 is rebar. 15 extends into the mounting platform 3. The mounting platform 3 is provided with a mounting screw hole, and the power generating device such as the generator 4 and the control cabinet is fixed to the mounting platform 3 by bolts. A protective wall 12 is disposed on the mounting platform 3, and the protective wall 12 surrounds the mounting platform 3. The protective wall 12 is provided with doors and windows to form a weatherproof house, and the generator 4 is disposed in the house. It is used to protect the power generation equipment such as the generator 4, the control cabinet 13, and the transmission system from the external environment, and confirm that it operates in a safe environment, which can increase the service life of the power generation equipment. The distance between the adjacent two mounting platforms 3 is for mounting the wind wheel 2 of the vertical axis wind turbine 4. For the convenience of future maintenance, the center tower 1 can be provided with a service port to the passage 16 in the center tower 1 , and the maintenance personnel can enter the passage 16 of the center tower 1 through the maintenance port, and set the suspension in the passage 16 The cage, the maintenance personnel reach the different heights of the central tower 1 through the cage, which is very convenient for the vertical axis wind turbine 4 having the multi-layer power generating unit; the cable of the upper power generating unit can also pass through the passage 16 Route the wiring.

As shown in FIG. 8, a crane 5 is disposed on the top of the center tower 1, and the crane 5 is provided. There is a hook 52; the blade 21 is arcuate, and is composed of a string 212 and a corresponding arc 211. One or more arms 22 are disposed between the arc 211 and the string 212, and the arm 22 is provided with a plurality of a lifting lug 24 for hanging the hook 52, the string 212 is provided with two or more pulleys 26; the number of the first pivoting device 8 and the second pivoting device 9 in each power generating unit is The number of the blades 21 is the same as the track 7, the upper end of the track 7 is fixed to the outer ring 83 of the first bearing, the lower end of the track 7 is fixed to the outer ring 93 of the second bearing; the chord 212 and the pulley 26 constitute a sliding mechanism and the track 7 is a sliding fit; the upper and lower ends of the blade 21 are provided with a male connecting mechanism 25, and the upper and lower ends of the corresponding blade 21 are provided with a female connecting mechanism 141, and the male connecting mechanism 25 and the The mother connection mechanism 141 is engaged; the installation platform 3 is provided with an aisle 32 through which the blade 21 passes, and the aisle 32 vertically penetrates the installation platform 3.

As shown in FIG. 9 , in the embodiment, the male connecting mechanism 25 is two first mounting ears 251 arranged side by side with mounting holes, and the female connecting mechanism 141 is a second mounting ear having a mounting hole. The second mounting ear is inserted between the two first mounting ears 251, and the first mounting ears 251 and the second mounting ears are fixed by a pin connection. The blade 21 is detachable from the rail 7 to facilitate the lifting of the blade 21 by the crane 5.

As shown in FIG. 11, the crane 5 includes a revolving tower 57, a boom 54, a balance arm 55, a counterweight 56, a lifting trolley 53, a trolley traveling mechanism, a hook 52, a cable 51, and a lifting mechanism 58. And the control system; the boom 54 and the balance arm 55 are mounted on the swing tower 57, the balance weight 56 is mounted at one end of the balance arm 55, the trolley travel mechanism is disposed on the boom 54, and the lift carriage 53 is disposed at In the carriage running mechanism, the hook 52 is disposed below the crane trolley 53, the hook 52 is coupled to the cable 51 end, and the other end of the cable 51 is coupled to the hoist mechanism 58.

As shown in Fig. 12, when the strong wind is encountered, the blade 21 is suspended to the ground by the crane 5, and the specific steps of the crane 5 for hoisting the blade 21 are as follows: The crane 5 hooks the lifting lug 24 of the blade arm 22 by the hook 52 Then, the connection of the upper and lower ends of the blade 21 is opened to disengage the blade 21 from the column; the crane 5 hoists the blade 21 downward, and the blade 21 is always slid along the track 7 during the lowering process.

The device which is composed of the crane 5, the detachable blade 21 and the rail 7 to avoid stall caused by strong wind has a simple structure, and can solve the problem that the generator 4 stalls and the blade 21 is broken when the wind force is particularly strong or typhoon, and the power generation is ensured. Safety of the machine 4; In addition, the crane 5 can function as a good assembly of the blade 21, and is particularly suitable for use in a high-profile vertical axis wind turbine 4 in.

As shown in FIG. 13, the coupling 6 between the wind wheel 2 and the second pivoting device 9 is a flexible coupling, and the upper end of the coupling 6 passes through the third connecting flange 97 and the lower end of the wind wheel 2. Connecting, the lower end of the coupling 6 is connected to the main gear 10 through the second connecting flange 94, and the main gear 10 is fixed on the outer ring 93 of the second bearing, so that the wind wheel 2, the coupling 6, and the main gear 10 can be synchronized. . A brake device is disposed in the coupling 6, and the brake device includes an annular brake disc 61 and one or more brake devices 62. The brake disk 61 includes a fixing portion 611 and a friction portion 612. A slope transition is provided between the fixing portion 611 and the friction portion 612. The fixing portion 611 is fixed on the coupling 6; The lower surface is provided with anti-slip stripes along the radial direction, and the anti-slip stripes are radial, which increases the friction between the brake and the brake disc, thereby enhancing the braking effect. The brake device 62 includes a brake pad 64, a damper 65, a damper pad 66, a brake 67, and a power source 63 that drives the brake. An annular boss 68 is disposed on the center tower 1 , the damper pad 66 is disposed on the boss 68 , and the damper 65 is disposed on the damper pad 66 . The brake pad 64 is disposed on the damper 65, the brake 67 is disposed on the brake pad 64, and the brake 67 is evenly distributed around the column to form a multi-point brake; The brake 67 includes brake pads disposed on the upper and lower sides of the brake disc, the brake pads are engaged with the friction portions of the brake discs; the power source 63 in the brake device is a hydraulic drive system, providing reliable and powerful Power.

When braking, the braking device actually brakes the coupling 6, but since the coupling 6 connects the wind wheel 2 with the main gear 10, the wind wheel 2 of the vertical axis wind power generator 4 can be reduced. The speed of the main gear 10, in this way, not only protects the wind wheel 2 from damage due to stalling, but also protects the generator 4 from being burnt due to excessive power generation. The brake device cooperates with the vertical axis wind turbine motor 4, and has a simple structure and a remarkable braking effect.

The wind wheel 2 is rotated by the wind, and its power is transmitted to the rotating shaft of each of the generators 4 through the main gear 10 and the gear transmission system in turn, and mechanical energy is supplied to each of the generators 4 to generate electricity. The speed ratio of the main gear 10 to the rotating shaft of the generator 4 can be changed by the gear transmission system. Although the rotating speed of the wind wheel 2 is low, after the adjustment of the gear transmission system, a large rotating speed can also be output to the rotating shaft of the generator 4. In this way, the high-speed generator 43 can be utilized, and the high-speed generator 4 is smaller in volume than the prior art low-speed generator 4 at the same power generation. In the present invention, the load of the wind wheel 2 is reduced, and the starting wind speed is smaller, which is advantageous. The wind turbine 4 can also generate electricity at low wind speeds; the generator 4 in each power generation unit is small in volume, low in manufacturing cost, and difficult to repair and repair; the number of power generating units that can be installed on the center tower 1 is more , further improving the overall power generation of the vertical axis wind turbine. Example 2

As shown in FIG. 2, a vertical axis wind power generator 4 includes a central tower 1 , and the central tower 1 is provided with two or more power generating units. In this embodiment, the central tower 1 is hollow. The reinforced concrete central tower 1 has three power generating units arranged above and below. The power generating unit includes a wind wheel 2, a main gear 10, and two or more generators 4. In this embodiment, two main generators 4 are symmetrically disposed around the main gear 10; the wind wheel 2 is a Φ wind. The wheel 2 is composed of two symmetrical blades 21 . As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the upper end of the wind wheel 2 is provided with a first pivoting device 8, and the lower end of the wind wheel 2 is provided with a second pivoting device 9. In this embodiment, the first pivoting device 8 comprising first annular bearing blocks 81, 82 disposed around the central column 1 and first bearings 83, 85 provided on the first bearing block; said second pivoting device 9 comprising a central column 1 disposed a second annular bearing housing 91, 92, and a second bearing 93, 95 disposed on the second bearing housing; the first bearing and the second bearing are double volleyball slewing bearings. The bearing housing includes support plates 82, 92 and support plates 81, 91. The support plates 82, 92 are horizontally disposed and surround the central tower 1, and one end of the support plates 81, 91 and the support The pallets 82, 92 are fixed, and the other end is fixed to the center tower 1; the inner rings 85, 95 of the first and second bearings surround the center tower 1 and are mounted on the bearing plates 82, 92 of the bearing housing. Damping pads 86, 96 are provided between the center column 1 and the center column 1. The outer ring 83 of the first bearing of the first pivoting device 8 is connected to the upper end of the blade 21 through the first connecting flange 84; the outer ring 93 of the second bearing of the second pivoting device 9 passes through the second connecting flange 94 and the blade The lower end of 21 is connected to the main gear 10. The double volleyball rotary bearing described in this embodiment is a prior art and will not be described in detail herein. Those skilled in the art should be aware of the structure and working principle. The wind wheel 2 is pivotally connected to the central tower 1 through a first bearing of the first pivoting device 8 and a second bearing of the second pivoting device 9, and the wind wheel 2 passes through the second pivoting device The second bearing of 9 is interlocked with the main gear 10.

As shown in FIG. 3, the main gear 10 is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator 4 through a gear transmission system. In this embodiment, the gear transmission system is a bevel gear 11, the main gear 10 and the The bevel gear 11 is meshed, and the bevel gear 11 is placed on the shaft of the generator 4 placed horizontally Therefore, the wind wheel 2 is coupled with the rotating shaft of the generator 4 through the main gear 10 and the bevel gear 11 to realize the horizontal rotation of the wind turbine 2 into the horizontal rotation of the generator 4, for the vertical axis wind power generator 4 Said, the installation of the generator 4 is simpler and more convenient.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 14, between the first pivoting device 8 and the second pivoting device 9, two or more connecting tubes 7 uniformly distributed on the same circumference are disposed, and the upper end of the connecting tube 7 passes through the first connecting flange ₈₄ is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the first bearing 83, the lower end of the third pipe 7 are connected by a connecting flange 97, coupling 66 and the second connecting flange 94 and the outer ring of the second bearing 93 is fixedly connected The outer ring 83 of the first bearing is synchronized with the outer ring 93 of the second bearing by the connecting pipe 7. The distribution of the connecting pipe 7 constitutes a squirrel cage 71 structure. Since the wind speed at the upper end of the blade 21 is different from the wind speed at the lower end, the wind speed at the upper end is generally larger than the wind speed at the lower end, thereby causing the speed ratio of the upper end of the blade 21 when rotating. The lower end is fast, but since the blade 21 is an entire structure, the upper end and the lower end of the blade 21 must have synchronized rotational speeds, so that the blade 21 may be twisted, thereby destroying the optimum windward area of the blade 21, and lowering the blade 21 The utilization of wind energy. The squirrel cage is designed to transmit the moment of the upper end of the blade 21 to the lower end of the blade 21, so that the blade 21 can reduce the degree of distortion of the blade 21 as much as possible during the rotation.

A clutch for connecting the main gear 10 and the bevel gear 11 to control the gear transmission system and the main gear 10 is provided. The rotating shaft of the wind wheel 2 and the generator 4 is provided with a speed sensor, the speed sensor and the clutch. Electrical connection. When the speed sensor detects that the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the wind wheel 2 or the generator 4 exceeds a preset value, a signal is sent to the clutch to disconnect the clutch transmission system from the main gear 10; when the speed sensor detects the rotational speed of the wind wheel 2 When the preset value is reached, a signal is sent to the clutch to reconnect the clutch to the gear transmission system and the main gear 10.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the power generating unit includes a mounting platform 3, the central tower 1 is a hollow reinforced concrete structure, the mounting platform 3 surrounds the central tower 1, the mounting platform 3 and the The central tower 1 is integrally formed by grouting. The mounting platform 3 is internally provided with an I-beam 31, and the I-beam 31 is horizontally disposed and extends through the central column 1 and is vertically interlaced to form a grid-like distribution, and the structural structure of the central tower 1 is rebar. 15 extends into the mounting platform 3. The mounting platform 3 is provided with a mounting screw hole, and the power generating device such as the generator 4 and the control cabinet 13 is fixed to the mounting platform 3 by bolts. A protective wall 12 is disposed on the mounting platform 3, and the protective wall 12 surrounds the mounting platform 3. The protective wall 12 is provided with doors and windows to form a weatherproof house, and the generator 4 is disposed in the house. , for protecting the generator 4, the control cabinet 13, the transmission system The power generation equipment is protected from the external environment, and it is confirmed that it operates in a safe environment, which can increase the service life of the power generation equipment. The distance between the two adjacent mounting platforms 3 is used to mount the wind wheel 2 of the vertical axis wind turbine 4. For the convenience of future maintenance, the center tower 1 can be provided with a service port to the passage 16 in the center tower 1 , and the maintenance personnel can enter the passage 16 of the center tower 1 through the maintenance port, and set the suspension in the passage 16 The cage, the maintenance personnel reach the different heights of the central tower 1 through the cage, which is very convenient for the vertical axis wind turbine 4 having the multi-layer power generating unit; the cable of the upper power generating unit can also pass through the passage 16 As shown in FIG. 8, the top of the center tower 1 is provided with a crane 5, and the crane 5 is provided with a hook 52; the blade 21 is arcuate, and is composed of a string 212 and a corresponding arc 211. More than one arm 22 is disposed between the arc 211 and the string 212. The arm 22 is provided with a plurality of lifting lugs 24 for hanging by the hooks 52. The string 212 is provided with two or more pulleys 26 Between the first pivoting device 8 and the second pivoting device 9 in each power generating unit, a number of rails 7 having the same number as the number of blades 21 are provided, and the upper end of the rail 7 is fixed to the outer ring of the first bearing, and the rail 7 is fixed. The lower end is fixed to the outer ring of the second bearing; the string 212 and the slide The sliding mechanism is slidably engaged with the rail 7; the upper and lower ends of the blade 21 are provided with a male connecting mechanism 25, and the upper and lower ends of the corresponding blade 21 of the rail 7 are provided with a female connecting mechanism 141. The male connecting mechanism 25 is engaged with the female connecting mechanism 141; the mounting platform 3 is provided with an aisle through which the blade 21 passes, and the aisle vertically penetrates the mounting platform 3.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the embodiment, the male connection mechanism 25 includes a slider and a power mechanism connected to the slider, and the female connection mechanism 142 has a slot 143 as a mounting seat, and the slider and the seat The slot 143 is mated. The blade 21 is detachable from the rail 7 to facilitate the lifting of the blade 21 by the crane 5.

As shown in FIG. 12, when a strong wind is encountered, the blade 21 is suspended by the crane 5 to the ground. The specific steps of the crane 5 for hoisting the blade 21 are as follows: The crane 5 hooks the lifting lug 24 of the blade arm 22 by the hook 52; then the connection of the upper and lower ends of the blade 21 is opened to disengage the blade 21 from the column; the crane 5 will The blade 21 is lowered downward, and during the lowering of the blade 21, the blade 21 always slides along the track 7.

The device which is composed of the crane 5, the detachable blade 21 and the rail 7 to avoid stall caused by strong wind has a simple structure, and can solve the problem that the generator 4 stalls and the blade 21 is broken when the wind force is particularly strong or typhoon, and the power generation is ensured. The safety of the machine 4; in addition, the crane 5 can function as a good assembly of the blades 21, and is particularly suitable for use in a high-profile vertical-axis wind turbine 4.

As shown in FIG. 13, the coupling 6 between the wind wheel 2 and the second pivoting device 9 is a flexible coupling, and the upper end of the coupling 6 passes through the third connecting flange 97 and the lower end of the wind wheel 2. Connecting, the lower end of the coupling 6 is connected to the main gear 10 through the second connecting flange 94, and the main gear 10 is fixed on the rotating portion 93 of the second bearing, so that the wind wheel 2, the coupling 6, and the main gear 10 can be synchronized. . A brake device is provided in the coupling 6, and the brake device includes an annular brake disc 61 and one or more brake devices 62. The brake disk 61 includes a fixing portion 611 and a friction portion 612. A slope transition is provided between the fixing portion 611 and the friction portion 612. The fixing portion 611 is fixed on the coupling 6; The lower surface is provided with anti-slip stripes along the radial direction, and the anti-slip stripes are radial, which increases the friction between the brake and the brake disc, thereby enhancing the braking effect. The brake device 62 includes a brake pad 64, a damper 65, a damper pad 66, a brake 67, and a power source 63 that drives the brake. An annular boss 68 is disposed on the center tower 1 , the damper pad 66 is disposed on the boss 68 , and the damper 65 is disposed on the damper pad 66 . The brake pad 64 is disposed on the damper 65, the brake 67 is disposed on the brake pad 64, and the brake 67 is evenly distributed around the column to form a multi-point brake; The brake 67 includes brake pads disposed on the upper and lower sides of the brake disc, the brake pads are engaged with the friction portions of the brake discs; the power source 63 in the brake device is a hydraulic drive system, providing reliable and powerful Power.

When braking, the braking device actually brakes the coupling 6, but since the coupling 6 connects the wind wheel 2 with the main gear 10, the wind wheel 2 of the vertical axis wind power generator 4 can be reduced. The speed of the main gear 10, in this way, not only protects the wind wheel 2 from damage due to stalling, but also protects the generator 4 from being burnt due to excessive power generation. The brake device and the vertical axis wind power The motors 4 cooperate with each other, and the structure is simple, and the braking effect is remarkable.

The wind wheel 2 is rotated by the wind, and its power is transmitted to the rotating shaft of each of the generators 4 through the main gear 10 and the gear transmission system in turn, and mechanical energy is supplied to each of the generators 4 to generate electricity. The speed ratio of the main gear 10 to the rotating shaft of the generator 4 can be changed by the gear transmission system. Although the rotating speed of the wind wheel 2 is low, after the adjustment of the gear transmission system, a large rotating speed can also be output to the rotating shaft of the generator 4. In this way, the high-speed generator 4 can be utilized, and the high-speed generator 4 is smaller in volume than the prior art low-speed generator 4 at the same power generation. In the present invention, the load of the wind wheel 2 is reduced, and the starting wind speed is smaller, which is advantageous for the wind power generator 4 to generate electricity even at a low wind speed; the generator 4 in each power generating unit is small in volume, and the manufacturing cost thereof is low, and Reduce the difficulty of maintenance and repair; the number of power generation units that can be installed on the center tower 1 is more, further improving the overall power generation of the vertical axis wind turbine.

In addition, in the above embodiments 1 and 2, the gear transmission system may be any other gear combination capable of functioning as a transmission, for example, the gear transmission system includes a pinion gear, a worm gear, the main gear 10 and the a pinion gear is engaged, a worm wheel is disposed on a rotating shaft of the pinion gear, and a worm is disposed on a rotating shaft of the horizontally placed generator 4, and the pinion gear is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator 4 through the worm gear worm structure, and finally the wind is realized The vertical rotation of the wheel 2 is converted into the horizontal rotation of the generator 4, and for the vertical axis wind turbine 4, the installation of the generator 4 is simpler and more convenient. The fact that the wind wheel 2 drives the main gear 10 through the second pivoting device 9 is also not limited to that described in the above embodiments 1 and 2, for example, the second pivoting device 9 includes a third bearing and a fourth bearing. The inner ring of the third bearing and the fourth bearing is fixedly sleeved on the central tower 1 , and the lower end of the wind wheel 2 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the third bearing; the main gear 10 is fixedly sleeved in the An outer ring of the fourth bearing, the outer ring of the third bearing is coupled to the outer ring of the fourth bearing by a connecting member or welding.

Claims

Claim

A vertical axis wind turbine comprising a central tower, wherein the central tower is provided with two or more power generating units; and the power generating unit comprises a wind wheel, a brake device for limiting the speed of the wind wheel, a main gear, two or more generators, a mounting platform for mounting the generator; the wind wheel is a Φ-shaped wind wheel, the wind wheel comprises at least two evenly distributed blades, and the upper end of the wind wheel is provided with a bearing, the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly sleeved on the central tower, the outer ring of the first bearing is fixedly connected with the upper end of the wind wheel, and the lower end of the wind wheel is provided with a second bearing An inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly sleeved on the central tower, and an outer ring of the second bearing is fixedly connected with a lower end of the wind wheel, and the wind wheel passes through the first bearing and the second bearing and the center The tower is pivotally connected; two or more connecting pipes uniformly distributed on the same circumference are disposed between the first bearing and the second bearing, and the upper end of the connecting pipe is connected with the outer ring of the first bearing, and the lower end and the second bearing Outer ring connection; the main a gear sleeve is disposed on the center tower, the main gear is coupled to an outer ring of the second bearing, and the wind wheel drives the main gear to rotate through a second bearing, wherein the main gear passes through a set of gear transmission systems respectively a rotating shaft coupling of the generator; the central tower is a reinforced concrete structure, the center of the central tower is provided with a passage from the bottom to the top, the mounting platform surrounds the central tower, the installation platform and the The central tower is integrally grouted, and the mounting platform is provided with a mounting screw hole, and the generator is fixed on the mounting platform by bolts.

2. The vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein: the gear transmission system is a bevel gear, and the bevel gear is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the generator, the bevel gear and The main gear meshes.

3. The vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein: the gear transmission system includes a pinion gear, a worm gear, the main gear meshes with the pinion gear, and a shaft of the pinion gear The worm gear structure is coupled to the rotating shaft of the generator.

4. The vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein: a clutch that controls a gear transmission system and a main gear is disposed between the main gear and the gear transmission system; And a speed sensor is disposed on the rotating shaft of the generator, and the speed sensor is electrically connected to the clutch.

5. A vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein: said mounting a steel member is disposed inside the platform, the steel member is horizontally disposed and distributed in a grid shape through the central tower; the central tower is internally provided with steel bars for building construction, and the steel bars extend into the installation platform; A protective cover is disposed on the mounting platform, and the generator and the gear transmission system are disposed in the protective cover.

6 . The vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 1 , wherein: the top of the central tower column is provided with a crane, and the crane is provided with a hook; the blade is arcuate, and the string and the corresponding The arc is formed by the arc and the chord is provided with more than one arm, the arm is provided with a plurality of lifting lugs for hanging the hook, and the string is provided with two or more pulleys; Between the first bearing and the second bearing in the power generating unit, a track having the same number as the number of blades is provided, the upper end of the track is fixed to the outer ring of the first bearing, and the lower end of the track is fixed to the outer ring of the second bearing; The chord and the pulley constitute a sliding mechanism that is slidably engaged with the track; the upper and lower ends of the blade are provided with a male connection mechanism, and the upper and lower ends of the blade are provided with a female connection mechanism, the male connection The mechanism cooperates with the female connecting mechanism; the mounting platform is provided with an aisle for the passage of the blade, and the aisle vertically penetrates the mounting platform.

7. The vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 9, wherein: the male connection mechanism is two first mounting ears arranged side by side with mounting holes, and the female connecting mechanism has mounting holes. A second mounting ear is inserted between the two first mounting ears, and the first mounting ear and the second mounting ear are fixed by a pin connection.

8. The vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the wind wheel and the connecting pipe are fixedly connected to the second bearing outer ring through a coupling, and the braking device is disposed on On the coupling.

9. The vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 8, wherein: the brake device includes an annular brake disk disposed on the coupling and one or more fixed on the column A brake device includes a brake and a power source that drives the brake, the brake mating with the brake disk.

10 . The vertical axis wind power generator according to claim 9 , wherein: the coupling is a flexible coupling, and the braking device comprises a brake pad, a damper and a damper pad. 10 . a slab, the damper pad is disposed on the boss, the damper is disposed on the damper pad, and the brake pad is disposed On the damper, the brake is provided on the brake pad.