WO2013046822A1 - 冷凍空調用圧縮機及び冷凍空調装置 - Google Patents

冷凍空調用圧縮機及び冷凍空調装置 Download PDF

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WO2013046822A1
WO2013046822A1 PCT/JP2012/065516 JP2012065516W WO2013046822A1 WO 2013046822 A1 WO2013046822 A1 WO 2013046822A1 JP 2012065516 W JP2012065516 W JP 2012065516W WO 2013046822 A1 WO2013046822 A1 WO 2013046822A1
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refrigeration
oil
air conditioning
refrigerant
compressor
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PCT/JP2012/065516
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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亮 太田
井関　崇
荒木　邦成
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日立アプライアンス株式会社
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Priority to CN201280039535.9A priority Critical patent/CN103733003B/zh
Priority to KR1020147001575A priority patent/KR101587205B1/ko
Publication of WO2013046822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013046822A1/ja

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/18—Ethers, e.g. epoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/24—Only one single fluoro component present
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/0406—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/09—Characteristics associated with water
    • C10N2020/097—Refrigerants
    • C10N2020/101—Containing Hydrofluorocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/70—Soluble oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration air conditioning compressor and a refrigeration air conditioning apparatus using a heat pump cycle.
  • refrigerants include hydrocarbons such as propane and propylene, and low GWP hydrofluorocarbons such as fluoroethane (HFC 161) and difluoroethane (HFC 152a).
  • HFC 161 fluoroethane
  • HFC 152a difluoroethane
  • Methane (HFC 32) seems to be the best, and development of room air conditioners and package air conditioners using this refrigerant is urgently needed.
  • Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose polyol ester oils showing compatibility with difluoromethane as a refrigerator oil for a difluoromethane refrigerant.
  • the most important characteristic of the refrigeration air for refrigeration air conditioning is compatibility with the refrigerant, and when two-layer separation of the liquid refrigerant and the refrigerator oil occurs in the compressor disposed in the outdoor unit, the liquid separated in each sliding portion
  • the refrigerant may be supplied, which may cause a lubrication failure.
  • refrigeration oil is misted and discharged to the cycle side by mechanical action, but if compatibility is poor, refrigeration oil will stagnate in the low temperature part of the cycle, and the compressor Oil return amount is reduced.
  • package air conditioners and multi-type air conditioners it is necessary to use a refrigerator oil which is excellent in compatibility with a refrigerant because the pipes constituting the cycle are long.
  • patent documents 1 and 2 show polyol ester oil showing compatibility with difluoromethane as refrigeration oil, in order to secure long-term reliability and oil return characteristics of a refrigeration air conditioning compressor, It is required to use a refrigerator oil which is not yet sufficiently compatible with difluoromethane and is more compatible.
  • the conventional refrigeration oil is not sufficiently compatible with difluoromethane, which may cause a lubrication failure, and is particularly suitable for package air conditioners and multi-type air conditioners, which have long pipes constituting a cycle. Absent.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the wear resistance of a refrigeration air conditioning compressor using difluoromethane (HFC 32) as a refrigerant to improve long-term reliability, and to improve the efficiency of a refrigeration air conditioning system using this compressor. It is about to realize.
  • HFC 32 difluoromethane
  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration air conditioning compressor including a refrigerant compression unit having a sliding unit, in which difluoromethane, which is a refrigerant, and refrigeration oil are enclosed.
  • the refrigeration oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 40 to 100 mm 2 / s (seconds), and a compound represented by the following chemical formula (1) (wherein R 1 to R 2 represents hydrogen or C 1 to 3 carbon atoms)
  • the alkyl group is an alkyl group represented by
  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration air conditioning compressor including a refrigerant compression unit having a sliding unit, in which difluoromethane, which is a refrigerant, and refrigeration oil are enclosed.
  • the refrigeration oil is a compound having a dynamic viscosity of 40 to 100 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C. represented by the following chemical formula (1) (wherein, R 1 to R 2 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms) represents. a base oil consisting of), added polyol ester oils represented by the following chemical formula (2) (wherein, R 3 includes representative.) an alkyl group having 7-9 carbon atoms, of the additive polyol ester oil It is characterized in that the composition is 1 to 10% by weight.
  • the low temperature side critical solution temperature of the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil is -10 ° C or less.
  • the present invention is a refrigeration air conditioning compressor including a refrigerant compression unit having a sliding unit and enclosing difluoromethane as a refrigerant and refrigeration oil, wherein the refrigeration oil has a dynamic viscosity of 40 to 100 mm 2 at 40 ° C. C./s, the refrigerator oil is a cyclic ketal compound or a cyclic acetal compound, and the low temperature side critical solution temperature of the refrigerant and the refrigerator oil is -10.degree. C. or less.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a scroll-type hermetic compressor for a room air conditioner.
  • the refrigeration air conditioning compressor is provided with a refrigerant compression unit having a sliding unit, and encloses difluoromethane, which is a refrigerant, and refrigeration oil.
  • the refrigeration oil has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 40 to 100 mm 2 / s, and the low temperature side critical solution temperature of the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil is ⁇ 10 ° C. or less.
  • a cooling temperature of -10 ° C. or less is required in the evaporator of the refrigerator cycle for an air conditioner.
  • the refrigeration oil is a cyclic ketal compound or a cyclic acetal compound.
  • refrigeration oil is a group consisting of compounds represented by the following chemical formula (1) (wherein, R 1 to R 2 represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms). And at least one selected from the following as a base oil.
  • the refrigeration air conditioner uses the refrigeration air conditioning compressor.
  • the refrigeration air conditioning compressor is a scroll-type or rotary-type hermetic compressor in which a motor is incorporated, and the kinetic viscosity of the refrigeration oil at 40 ° C. is 40 to 100 mm 2 / s or less.
  • the embodiment discloses a compressor using difluoromethane and a refrigeration air conditioner using the same.
  • the refrigerant of the example is difluoromethane
  • the refrigerator oil is a cyclic ketal compound or a cyclic acetal compound, which are obtained by the condensation reaction of a polyhydric alcohol and a ketone or an aldehyde. It is desirable that the raw material polyhydric alcohol and ketone or aldehyde be determined from the dynamic viscosity, the flash point, the boiling point, the purity, the compatibility with a refrigerant, the electrical insulation property, etc. obtained as a reaction product.
  • the polyhydric alcohol preferably has 4 to 8 valences, and preferably has about 4 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • erythritol diglycerin, arabinose, ribose, sorbitol, mannitol, galactitol, iditol, talitol, allitol, 4,7-dioxadecane-1,2,9,10-tetraol, 5-methyl-4, 7-dioxadecane-1,2,9,10-tetraol, 4,7,10-trioxatridecane-1,2,12,13-tetraol, 1,6-dimethoxyhexane-2,3,4, Polyhydric alcohols such as 5-tetraol and 3,4-diethoxyhexane-1,2,5,6-tetraol, pentaerythritol, ditrimethylolethane, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, 2 , 9-Diethyl-2,9-dihydroxymethyl-4
  • Ketones and aldehydes preferably have 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Specifically, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, 2 -Methylbutyraldehyde etc. may be mentioned.
  • the additive polyol ester oil is a compound represented by the following chemical formula (2) (wherein, R 3 represents an alkyl group having 7 to 9 carbon atoms), and a polyhydric alcohol and a monovalent fatty acid
  • R 3 represents an alkyl group having 7 to 9 carbon atoms
  • the hindered type which is excellent in the thermal stability obtained by condensation reaction of is preferable.
  • Preferred as the raw material polyhydric alcohol is dipentaerythritol.
  • dipentaerythritol pentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol are abundantly contained as impurities.
  • a monovalent fatty acid to be a raw material there are 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the added polyol ester oil may be a complex type polyol ester oil (complex ester oil), which is an ester compound in which a polyhydric alcohol, a divalent fatty acid and a monovalent fatty acid are bonded.
  • complex ester oil is an ester compound in which a polyhydric alcohol, a divalent fatty acid and a monovalent fatty acid are bonded.
  • preferable polyhydric alcohols as raw materials are, for example, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
  • a monovalent fatty acid to be a raw material n-pentanoic acid, n-hexanoic acid, n-heptanoic acid, n-octanoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylpentanoic acid, 2-methylhexanoic acid, 2 -Ethylhexanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, etc., and these are used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • a divalent fatty acid to be a raw material there are propane diacid, butane di acid, pentane di acid, hexane di acid, heptane di acid, octane di acid and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more Use.
  • the viscosity grade of the refrigerator oil used for the air conditioner and refrigerator of the embodiment differs depending on the type of compressor, but in the scroll compressor, the dynamic viscosity at 40 ° C. is in the range of 40 to 100 mm 2 / s preferable.
  • the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferably in the range of 40 to 70 mm 2 / s.
  • the heat resistance class of the electrical insulation is defined by the heat resistance class of the electrical insulation and the heat resistance evaluation JEC-6147 (Electrical Standards Survey Standard Standard of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan), and the insulation material adopted for the compressor for refrigeration air conditioner is also the above standard.
  • the refrigerant temperature discharged is high because the adiabatic index is small. For this reason, it is necessary to use an insulating material of high heat resistance class (E class 120 ° C. or higher).
  • the most commonly used insulating material in the compressor is PET (polyethylene terephthalate).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • a film material is used for coil insulation with an iron core of a distributed winding motor
  • fibrous PET is used for a covering material of a tie wire of a coil and a lead wire of the motor.
  • Other insulating films include PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), PEN (polyethylene naphthalate), PEEK (polyether ether ketone), PI (polyimide), PA (polyamide) and the like.
  • THEIC modified polyester, polyamide, polyamide imide, polyester imide, polyester amide imide, etc. are used as the main insulation coating material of the coil, and double coated copper wire coated with polyester imide-amide imide is preferably used. Ru.
  • a lubricant improver including an extreme pressure additive such as tricresyl phosphate), an antioxidant, an acid scavenger, an antifoamer, a metal deactivator, etc. are added to the above-mentioned refrigerator oil.
  • an extreme pressure additive such as tricresyl phosphate
  • an antioxidant such as tricresyl phosphate
  • an acid scavenger such as sodium sulfate
  • an antifoamer such as sodium sulfe
  • a metal deactivator a metal deactivator
  • DBPC 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol which is a phenol type is preferable.
  • an aliphatic epoxy compound or a carbodiimide compound which is a compound having an epoxy ring is generally used.
  • the carbodiimide type compound has extremely high reactivity with fatty acid and captures hydrogen ions dissociated from fatty acid, the effect of suppressing the hydrolysis reaction of the polyol ester oil is very large.
  • carbodiimide compounds include bis (2,6-isopropylphenyl) carbodiimide.
  • the blending amount of the acid scavenger is preferably 0.05 to 1.0% by weight with respect to the refrigerator oil.
  • a tertiary phosphate represented by tricresyl phosphate is inferior in abrasion resistance, it is desirable to blend a tertiary phosphate represented by tricresyl phosphate as a lubricity improver.
  • a mixture prepared by mixing an arbitrary amount of oil (refrigerant oil) and a refrigerant was sealed in a pressure resistant glass container, and the contents in a state where the temperature was changed were observed. When the contents were cloudy, it was judged to be two-layer separation, and when it was transparent, it was determined to be dissolution.
  • the refrigerator oil used is as follows.
  • the viscosity at 40 ° C. is the kinematic viscosity of refrigerator oil at 40 ° C.
  • H-POE Hindered-type polyol ester oil
  • H-POE Hindered-type polyol ester oil
  • PVE Polyvinyl ether oil
  • E Polyvinyl ether oil (PVE) (a polymer of alkoxy vinyl, an ether oil in which the alkoxy group is an ethyloxy group): viscosity at 40 ° C. 67.8 mm 2 / s
  • F Naphthenic mineral oil: viscosity at 40 ° C. 54.1 mm 2 / s
  • G Hindered type polyol ester oil (H-POE) (fatty acid ester oil of 2-ethylhexanoic acid of neopentyl glycol type): viscosity at 40 ° C.
  • Table 1 shows the results of the evaluation of the compatibility between the refrigerant difluoromethane (HFC 32) and the refrigerator oil.
  • the results of the compatibility evaluation of the refrigerator oil mainly used in the refrigeration air conditioner using the current refrigerant R410A are shown as Comparative Examples 7 and 8.
  • the low temperature side critical solution temperature which is the degree of compatibility between the refrigerant HFC 32 and the refrigerator oil, largely differs depending on the type of the refrigerator oil. According to this table, refrigeration oil compatible with HFC 32 can be selected.
  • the low temperature side critical solution temperature is ⁇ 10 ° C. or less.
  • Comparative Example 5 shows the evaluation results of the compatibility in different oil types, but since the low temperature side critical solution temperature is + 20 ° C. or more, the compatibility is poor and it is difficult to use.
  • Example 1 the compatibility with HFC 32 is excellent, and the low temperature side critical solution temperature is ⁇ 10 ° C. or less. Therefore, it is possible to apply to a refrigeration air conditioner.
  • the additive polyol ester oil is preferably a hindered type excellent in thermal stability obtained by the condensation reaction of a polyhydric alcohol and a monohydric fatty acid.
  • Preferred as the raw material polyhydric alcohol is dipentaerythritol.
  • dipentaerythritol pentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol are abundantly contained as impurities.
  • a monovalent fatty acid to be a raw material there are 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the added polyol ester oil may be a complex type polyol ester oil (complex ester oil), which is an ester compound in which a polyhydric alcohol, a divalent fatty acid and a monovalent fatty acid are bonded.
  • complex ester oil is an ester compound in which a polyhydric alcohol, a divalent fatty acid and a monovalent fatty acid are bonded.
  • preferable polyhydric alcohols as raw materials are, for example, neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane and pentaerythritol.
  • a monovalent fatty acid to be a raw material n-pentanoic acid, n-hexanoic acid, n-heptanoic acid, n-octanoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylpentanoic acid, 2-methylhexanoic acid, 2 -Ethylhexanoic acid, isooctanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, etc., and these are used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • a divalent fatty acid to be a raw material there are propane diacid, butane di acid, pentane di acid, hexane di acid, heptane di acid, octane di acid and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more Use.
  • Dynamic viscosity at 40 ° C of cyclic ketal compound or cyclic acetal compound as main component of refrigerator oil is 40 mm 2 / s to 100 mm 2 / s or less, and dynamic viscosity of added polyol ester oil at 40 ° C. is 180 mm 2 / s or more It is desirable to have.
  • the refrigeration air conditioning compressor includes a sliding portion formed of an iron-based material, and a contact surface pressure at the sliding portion is 10 MPa or more.
  • the additive polyol ester oil has an adsorption capacity to an iron-based material at least 10 times higher than that of a refrigerator oil main agent, and when the lubricity of the refrigerator oil main agent is inferior, the oil film strength in the compressor sliding portion decreases. As a result, wear progresses and the reliability of the refrigeration air conditioning system also decreases. For this reason, the adsorptivity of the refrigerator oil component to the sliding portion is an important parameter.
  • the sliding portion has many portions made of an iron-based material, and iron oxide is formed on the surface thereof.
  • the adsorption capacity of refrigeration oil to iron-based materials in the present specification is considered to be substantially the adsorption capacity of refrigeration oil to iron oxide.
  • evaluation of the adsorption capacity of a refrigerator oil is performed using powder (specific surface area 1.57 m 2 / g) of Fe 3 O 4 (iron trioxide) having an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m. went.
  • the concentrations before and after the adsorption of the refrigerator oil component diluted in the solvent were quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis (NMR) to calculate the amount adsorbed on the iron oxide powder.
  • NMR nuclear magnetic resonance analysis
  • hexane was used, and each refrigerator oil component was adjusted to be 0.3 mol-ppm.
  • 10 g of a solution of a refrigerator oil component was added, dispersed in an ultrasonic cleaner for 30 minutes, and left for 48 hours for 1 H-NMR analysis of the supernatant.
  • mol-ppm is ppm on a molar basis (parts per million). That is, it is a one-million-percentage calculated using the number of moles of the solution (the mixture of the solvent and the solute) as a denominator and the number of moles of the solute as a molecule.
  • the amount of adsorption (adsorption capacity) to iron oxide powder differs depending on each compound, and it can be seen that polar compounds are more easily adsorbed to iron-based materials. Also in the polar compound, it is understood that the compound (H) having a large number of ester groups in the molecular structure has a large adsorption amount. That is, it can be seen that (H) has an adsorption capacity to the iron-based material (iron oxide) at least 4.0 times higher than that of the other refrigerator oil components (A), (B), (D), and (F). In particular, compared with the cyclic ketal compound (A) of the present invention, it is 10 times or more higher. From this, it is considered that the addition of (H) makes it easy to form a lubricating film in the compressor sliding portion by the addition of (H).
  • Example 10 the wear resistance diameter and the friction coefficient are significantly suppressed even in the case where TCP, which is a general lubricity improver, is blended in (A), the effect of improving the lubricity is improved. It was obtained.
  • TCP which is a general lubricity improver
  • Comparative Example 10 it can be seen that when the blending amount is small, a sufficient lubricity improvement effect can not be obtained.
  • Comparative Example 11 when the compounding amount is large, the lubricity improvement effect can be obtained, but the kinematic viscosity becomes high, and further, there is a problem that the compatibility decreases, and the content is 10% by weight or less Is good.
  • FIG. 1 shows an outline of a room air conditioner which is also used for heating and cooling, which is used in this embodiment.
  • the room air conditioner 50 is composed of an indoor unit 51 and an outdoor unit 52.
  • the indoor unit 51 incorporates the indoor heat exchanger 5.
  • the outdoor unit 52 incorporates the compressor 100, the four-way valve 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the expansion means 4 (expansion portion).
  • the compressor 100 is provided with a refrigerant compression unit having a sliding unit.
  • the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas adiabatically compressed by the compressor 100 passes through the discharge pipe and the four-way valve 2 and is cooled by the outdoor heat exchanger 3 (used as a condensing unit).
  • High pressure liquid refrigerant This refrigerant is expanded by expansion means 4 (for example, a capillary tube, a thermal expansion valve, etc.) and becomes a low-temperature low-pressure liquid containing a slight amount of gas to reach the indoor heat exchanger 5 (used as an evaporation means). Then, heat is obtained from the air in the room, and in the state of a low temperature gas, it passes through the four-way valve 2 to the compressor 1 again. When the room is heated, the flow of the refrigerant is changed in the reverse direction by the four-way valve 2 to cause the reverse action.
  • the compressor 100 a scroll compressor is used.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of the above-described scroll compressor.
  • the compressor 100 includes a fixed scroll member 6 having a spiral wrap 8 provided vertically to the end plate 7, a orbiting scroll member 9 having a wrap 10 of substantially the same shape as the stationary scroll member 6, and a orbiting scroll. It includes a frame 14 for supporting the member 9, a crankshaft 11 for pivoting movement of the orbiting scroll member 9, an electric motor 17, and a pressure vessel 15 containing these.
  • the spiral wrap 8 and the wrap 10 are engaged with each other to form a compression mechanism.
  • the orbiting scroll member 9 is positioned on the outermost side among the compression chambers 12 (12a, 12b, etc.) formed between the fixed scroll member 6 and the orbiting scroll member 9 when it is caused to pivot by the crankshaft 11.
  • the compression chamber 12 moves toward the central portion of the fixed scroll member 6 and the orbiting scroll member 9 while gradually reducing the volume as the orbiting motion progresses.
  • the compression chamber 12 communicates with the discharge port 13, and the compressed gas inside the compression chamber 12 is discharged from the discharge pipe 16 to the outside of the compressor 100. Is discharged.
  • the crankshaft 11 is rotated at a constant speed or at a rotational speed corresponding to a voltage controlled by an inverter (not shown) to perform a compression operation. Further, an oil reservoir 20 is provided below the electric motor 17, and oil in the oil reservoir 20 passes through an oil hole 19 provided in the crankshaft 11 due to a pressure difference, and the orbiting scroll member 9 and The sliding portion with the crankshaft 11, the sliding bearing 18 and the like are lubricated.
  • Example 11 and 12 and Comparative Examples 12 to 16 using the room air conditioner shown in FIG. 1, an indoor unit was installed in a constant temperature room (room temperature 35 ° C., humidity 75%) and an actual machine test was performed for 2160 hours
  • the A heat resistant PET film (class B 130 ° C.) was used to insulate the core of the motor from the coil, and a double coated copper wire to which double coating of polyesterimide-amideimide was applied was used for main insulation of the coil.
  • difluoromethane HFC32
  • HFC32 difluoromethane
  • the advantage of difluoromethane is that the refrigeration air conditioning cycle of the current R410A can be used almost as it is.
  • the compatibility between the refrigerant and the refrigerator oil is an important characteristic for securing the oil return amount to the compressor, and it is necessary to circulate the refrigerator oil as well as the refrigerant. If the compatibility is poor, the refrigeration oil discharged from the compressor by the mechanical element does not circulate, and especially the oil separated in the low temperature section stays, so the amount of oil in the compressor decreases, and the lubrication of the sliding section It causes trouble. For this reason, it is preferable that the refrigerant and the refrigerator oil be dissolved in the operating condition temperature range during the cycle.
  • the refrigerator oils of Example 8 and Example 10 having compatibility with difluoromethane and in which the effect of improving the lubricity was confirmed were taken up.
  • (B) and (D) in which the compatibility with difluoromethane is inferior were evaluated.
  • comparative evaluations were also performed on (B) and (D) using the current refrigerant R410A.
  • the condition of the compressor considered to be suitable in this test is that the increase in clearance due to wear between the frame and the shaft after the test (sliding bearing clearance increase) is 10 ⁇ m or less, and the amount of residual oil in the compressor is secured. It is
  • Table 4 shows the results of Examples 11 and 12 and Comparative Examples 12 to 16.
  • the refrigeration air conditioning system shown in Examples 11 and 12 can significantly reduce the amount of increase in the clearance between the frame and the shaft, and can secure the amount of refrigeration oil residual oil of the compressor. High reliability is obtained in the device.
  • the refrigeration air conditioner of the present invention can suppress the wear of the compressor and can sufficiently ensure long-term insulation reliability.
  • the present invention is applicable to a refrigeration air conditioning compressor and a refrigeration air conditioning apparatus.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
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PCT/JP2012/065516 2011-09-30 2012-06-18 冷凍空調用圧縮機及び冷凍空調装置 WO2013046822A1 (ja)

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KR1020147001575A KR101587205B1 (ko) 2011-09-30 2012-06-18 냉동 공조용 압축기 및 냉동 공조 장치

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WO2014196045A1 (ja) * 2013-06-06 2014-12-11 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
WO2017110711A1 (ja) * 2015-12-25 2017-06-29 日油株式会社 冷凍機油用エステル
TWI709721B (zh) * 2018-10-09 2020-11-11 日商三菱電機股份有限公司 壓縮機以及具備該壓縮機之冷凍裝置

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KR101469983B1 (ko) * 2008-04-22 2014-12-05 한라비스테온공조 주식회사 증발기 일체형 디퓨저
JP2014203141A (ja) 2013-04-02 2014-10-27 キヤノン株式会社 管理装置、管理システム、制御方法およびコンピュータプログラム
JP2015017730A (ja) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-29 日立アプライアンス株式会社 空気調和機
JP2015140994A (ja) * 2014-01-30 2015-08-03 日立アプライアンス株式会社 空気調和機及び冷凍機油
CN105680644B (zh) * 2014-11-20 2019-01-29 上海海立电器有限公司 改善压缩机电机绝缘性能的方法以及压缩机电机绝缘结构
JP6343391B2 (ja) * 2015-03-19 2018-06-13 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 冷凍空調用圧縮機及び冷凍空調装置
WO2017145278A1 (ja) * 2016-02-24 2017-08-31 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍装置
US11835067B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2023-12-05 Carnot Compression Inc. Gas compressor with reduced energy loss
US11209023B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2021-12-28 Carnot Compression Inc. Gas compressor with reduced energy loss
US10359055B2 (en) * 2017-02-10 2019-07-23 Carnot Compression, Llc Energy recovery-recycling turbine integrated with a capillary tube gas compressor
US11725672B2 (en) 2017-02-10 2023-08-15 Carnot Compression Inc. Gas compressor with reduced energy loss

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WO2014196045A1 (ja) * 2013-06-06 2014-12-11 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
JPWO2014196045A1 (ja) * 2013-06-06 2017-02-23 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置、及び、冷凍サイクル装置の運転方法
WO2017110711A1 (ja) * 2015-12-25 2017-06-29 日油株式会社 冷凍機油用エステル
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TWI709721B (zh) * 2018-10-09 2020-11-11 日商三菱電機股份有限公司 壓縮機以及具備該壓縮機之冷凍裝置

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KR101587205B1 (ko) 2016-01-20
CN103733003B (zh) 2015-10-21
CN103733003A (zh) 2014-04-16

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