Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W8/00—Network data management
  • H04W8/30—Network data restoration; Network data reliability; Network data fault tolerance
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
  • H04L69/40—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity, e.g. service redundancy protocols, protocol state redundancy or protocol service redirection
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
  • H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
  • H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W8/00—Network data management
  • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
  • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
  • H04W8/087—Mobility data transfer for preserving data network PoA address despite hand-offs

Definitions

• IPv6 Internet Protocol Version 6
• PMIPv6 Proxy Mobile IPv6
• PMIPv6 Heartbeat mechanism for node restart detection.
• a network infrastructure based PMIPv6 entity is typically required to maintain two restart counters in volatile memory a remote restart counter of a peer with which the entity is in contact; and in non-volatile memory an own, or local restart counter that was sent to a peer. After a PMIPv6 entity has restarted, it typically immediately increments all local restart counters and clears all remote restart counters.
• a PMIPv6 entity may have a common local restart counter for all peers, or it may have a separate local restart counter for each peer.
• the PMIPv6 node shall release all its corresponding PMIPv6 bindings in its binding cache.
• the user equipment (UE) in its serving area will experience service interruption.
• One active UE has to perform initiate attachment procedure again in order to continue with its services.
• the problem is on an idle mode UE.
• One idle mode UE may have service interruption for much longer time, as there is no network signaling to inform the UE that service has been interrupted due to a node restart.
• the network may have to wait for the UE to perform the periodic location updates procedure in order to inform the UE that there is connection issue. This can be an issue if before the periodic location updates procedure; there is a down link data arrived in the Local Mobility Anchor (LMA).
• LMA Local Mobility Anchor
• a method for handling the reset of a first network node the method carried out at a Local Mobility Anchor responsible for a User Equipment associated with the first network node.
• the method comprises the steps of detecting a failure of the first network node; determining that the User Equipment is served by the first network node; and transmitting a notification message towards a second network node requesting transmission of a re-attach message to the User Equipment over an access network specific path.
• first network node is a Mobility Access Gateway.
• the step of detecting the failure includes detecting the restart of the network node and optionally, the first network node and the second network node are the same node.
• the User Equipment is identified in the notification message by an access network specific address such as an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) or an Mobile Station International Subscriber Directory Number (MSISDN).
• IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
• MSISDN Mobile Station International Subscriber Directory Number
• the step of determining includes examining a binding associated with the User Equipment to identify that the user equipment is associated with the first network node, and determining that the user equipment has a unique access network specific address.
• the first network node is a session gateway (SGW) and the step of detecting includes receiving notification from a packet data network gateway (PDN-GW).
• the step of transmitting includes sending a request to a policy charging and rules function (PCRF) to transmit the notification message.
• PCRF policy charging and rules function
• a local mobility anchor for handling the reset of a first connected network node.
• the anchor comprises a uswer equipment binding storage, a network interface and a re-attach engine.
• the user equipment binding storage stores a binding that associates a user equipment with the first connected node.
• the network interface sends messages to and receives messages from connected nodes.
• the re-attach engine responsive to a determination that the first connected node has reset, identifies a user equipment associated with the first connected node through examination of the stored binding, and transmits through the network interface towards a second connected node, a request to instruct the identified user equipment to perform a re-attach procedure.
• the binding storage further identifies the user equipment using an access network specific address such as an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) or a Mobile Station International Subscriber Directory Number (MSISDN).
• IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity
• MSISDN Mobile Station International Subscriber Directory Number
• the first and second connected nodes are the same.
• the first connected node is a session gateway, and wherein the re-attach engine performs its determination through receipt of a notification from a packet data network gateway (PDN-GW).
• the re-attach engine performs transmission of the request by sending a request to a policy charging and rules function (PCRF) to transmit the notification message.
• PCRF policy charging and rules function
• Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary notification that makes use of IETF mobility option types
• Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary notification that makes use of Vendor Specific Notify Message Types
• Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 4 is a block diagram illustrating a logical configuration of a local mobility anchor.
• the standard handling of a reset for an IPv6 node is to have the UEs connected to the node re-attach to the MAG. So long as the UE is in communication with the MAG at the time of the reset, it will re-attach and service will be largely uninterrupted. However, if the UE is idle it may have open connections with other services. These other services will be unable to reach the UE at its designated IP address, resulting in communication failures.
• the below described methods provide a mechanism for obviating and mitigating these failures.
• LMA is left to perform some specific handling once Mobile Access Gateway (MAG) restart is detected. If a MAG restart is detected by the LMA, the LMA preferably will not release all of the corresponding bindings in its cache. The LMA may select an alternative MAG which is servicing the same. Then the LMA can send a mobility message to the selected alternative MAG. The mobility message can be triggered by the restart detection or by the received downlink data on one or more valid binding. The mobility message can contains all UE identifiers that have a valid binding in both the LMA and the restarted MAG.
• MAG Mobile Access Gateway
• the selected MAG Upon receiving the mobility message, the selected MAG triggers the access network specific UE notification procedure to notify each UE identified by the message.
• the access network specific UE notification procedure to notify each UE identified by the message.
• an IMSI based paging can triggered.
• the access network specific UE notification procedure is going to either wake up an idle mode UE to perform re-attachment procedure, or inform the local access network that a handover to the selected MAG shall be performed for the an active UE.
• Figure 1 illustrates an exemplary notification 100 for use in one of the options.
• This illustrated solution makes use of IETF mobility option types.
• the LMA upon determining that a first MAG has restarted, will select an alternate MAG (the second MAG).
• the LMA will then create a list of all UEs for which it has a binding that are associated with the first MAG.
• the LMA will send a list of all the UE IDs that are associated with the first MAG.
• the second MAG upon receiving the exemplary message of Figure 1, can then extract the UE IDs, and can then begin the network specific UE notification.
• This notification can make use of an identifier other than the IP address (which would necessitate routing through the first MAG), such as the IMSI.
• the UE Upon receiving instructions to re-attach, the UE will be able to resume its connectivity.
• Figure 2 illustrates an alternate embodiment that can make use of vendor specific restoration notification mobility options as defined in RFC 5094 (Mobile IPv6 Vendor Specific Options).
• the LMA can use the exemplary message 102 format of Figure 2 to make use of vendor specific instructions, while still providing a list of the UE IDs that are associated with UEs having a binding with both the LMA and the first MAG.
• the second MAG upon receipt of the message of Figure 2 would carry out the same procedure of notification.
• Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary method of notification.
• the LMA detects the reset or failure of a first MAG as shown in step 200. This determination can be made based on detection of heartbeat failures, or through the expiry of the timers discussed above or other methods that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
• the LMA determines which UEs that it has a binding for are served by the first MAG. These UEs are then identified in a notification message (such as the notification messages of Figures 1 and 2).
• the notification message is sent to a second MAG to request that a message be sent to each identified UE instructing the UE to reattach. This message is preferably delivered to the UE over an access network specific path.
• the UE may be identified using an IMSI, which then provides the network specific path. This facilitates the early re-attach of any UE, including those UEs that were previously in an idle state and thus would not have detected the need for a re-attach for a longer period of time.
• FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary Local Mobility Anchor 250.
• the LMA 250 makes use of storage 252 to maintain a set of UE bindings.
• the UE bindings will link a UE identifier to a MAG that the UE is connected to.
• the UE identifier preferably provides an access network specific identifier such as an IMSI or an MSISDN.
• Re-attach engine 254 monitors, through MAG interface 256, the availability of MAG 1 258 and MAG 2 260. As noted above, this can be done using any of a number of different techniques that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
• reattach engine 254 Upon detecting, that MAG 1 258 is unavailable, reattach engine 254 creates a list, using the bindings in storage 252, of the UEs that are served by MAG 1 258. These UEs are identified and added to a notification message.
• the notification message is sent, through MAG interface 256 to MAG 2 260.
• the notification message serves as an instruction to MAG 2 260 to send a re-attach message to the identified UEs.
• the notification can be performed using the access network specific identifiers as described above.
• the Restoration Notification mobility option can be sent in any mobility message.
• the LMA can send a Binding Error message with Restoration Notification mobility option to the selected MAG.
• a heartbeat message is sent. This message can be either periodic or aperiodic in nature.
• the LMA can send the Restoration Notification mobility option in an heartbeat message to the selected MAG.
• the LMA can send a Binding Revocation mobility option message with Restoration Notification mobility option to the selected MAG.
• the MAG Upon receiving the Binding Revocation mobility option message from the LMA, the MAG can initiate the UE notification procedure.
• the UE notification procedure can wake up any idle mode UE. Or it can trigger the relocation procedure to handover all attached UE from the restarted MAG to itself.
• the MAG can respond to the LMA once the Binding Revocation mobility option message is received. If multiple Binding Revocation mobility option messages are received by the MAG, a conflict mechanism can be employed. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in some embodiments only the first received message will be handled and the following messages will be ignored.
• the LMA will, in a presently preferred embodiment, not send multiple Binding Revocation mobility option messages to the MAG. It can perform the limited number of retransmission if no response message is received from the selected MAG.
• the above disclosed embodiments permit flexibility to an LMA restoration procedure at MAG restart condition. This can allow the network (LMA) to reestablish the connections without increasing UE waiting times. This further can allow an operator to limit the service interruption time due to node restart without requiring an impact on the UE.
• Proxy Mobile IPv6 LMA initiated Session Gateway Restoration can be utilized for Proxy Mobile IPv6 LMA initiated Session Gateway Restoration.
• PMIPv6 LMA Initiated SGW restoration procedure can initiated by the node acting as a LMA when a SGW failure is detected by the PDN-GW. This procedure may be applicable for the S5 PMIPv6 interface.
• the LMA sends a UPN message with a new list of IMSI to the MAG.
• the fields of the UPN message for the PMIPv6 LMA Initiated SGW restoration procedure can be based on the messages of Figures 1 and 2.
• the Packet Gateway or the MME upon detecting a Session Gateway (SGW) failure with or without restart (relying on restart counter as discussed earlier), can carry out the above described method.
• Maintaining the Packet Data Network (PDN) connections affected by the SGW failure enables the MME/S4-SGSN to restore the corresponding bearers of the UE by selecting a new SGW or the restarted SGW.
• the PGW's capability of supporting this SGW restoration procedure is preferably stored per PDN and per UE by the serving MME/S4-SGSN.
• some PGWs may support the SGW restoration procedure while others do not support the same.
• SGW restoration procedure may be supported for a PDN connection with local breakout while not supported for another PDN connection with home routed traffic.
• the PCRF may be used to issue the notification message on behalf of another node.
• IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
• LMA Local Mobility Agent
• MAG Mobility Access Gateway
• UE User Equipment
• IETF RFC 5213 'Proxy Mobile IPv6'
• IETF RFC 5844 'IPv4 Support for Proxy Mobile IPv6'
• IETF RFC 5846 'Binding Revocation for IPv6 Mobility'
• IETF RFC 5847 'Heartbeat Mechanism for Proxy Mobile IPv6'.
• Embodiments of the invention may be represented as a software product stored in a machine-readable medium (also referred to as a computer-readable medium, a processor-readable medium, or a computer usable medium having a computer readable program code embodied therein).
• the machine-readable medium may be any suitable tangible medium including a magnetic, optical, or electrical storage medium including a diskette, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM) memory device (volatile or non-volatile), or similar storage mechanism.
• the machine-readable medium may contain various sets of instructions, code sequences, configuration information, or other data, which, when executed, cause a processor to perform steps in a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
• Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other instructions and operations necessary to implement the described invention may also be stored on the machine-readable medium.
• Software running from the machine-readable medium may interface with circuitry to perform the described tasks.

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• 2012
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