Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
  • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
  • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
  • F28F9/0132—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a heat transfer arrangement for heating, in particular evaporation and superheating, a working fluid by means of a flowing hot fluid, in particular an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine, having a fluid channel for guiding the flowing hot fluid, a tube bundle arranged in the fluid channel for guiding the working fluid the tube bundle comprises a plurality of pipe sections running parallel to one another along a longitudinal direction, and a support structure fixedly connected to the fluid channel for holding the tube bundle in the fluid channel.
• Such devices are also referred to as "heat exchangers" and find use in various ways of utilizing waste heat carried by the hot fluid.
• such heat exchangers can be used for exhaust heat utilization in internal combustion engines by a part of the thermal energy of the hot exhaust gas stream is converted into technically usable mechanical energy, for example in the context of a closed steam cycle.
• the parallel, in particular straight pipe sections of the tube bundle are flowed around by the hot fluid, wherein an effective heat transfer takes place on the working fluid located in the interior of the tube sections.
• the tube bundle can in principle be arranged at any point in an exhaust pipe, for example in a silencer housing. The attachment of the tube bundle in the fluid channel is problematic insofar as during operation always thermal expansions and mechanical stresses occur, which can lead to a critical material load in the pipe sections.
• the pipe sections are each mounted immovably on at least one first bearing point on the support structure and mounted on at least one longitudinally spaced therefrom second bearing with freedom of movement in at least one direction on the support structure.
• the tube bundle is thus mounted at least twice, wherein a bearing is designed as a fixed bearing and at least one of them remote bearing as a floating bearing.
• a bearing is designed as a fixed bearing and at least one of them remote bearing as a floating bearing.
• the movement margin at the second bearing point preferably exclusively, in the longitudinal direction.
• the thermal expansions and contractions of the pipe sections, which frequently occur during operation can be compensated in the axial direction.
• all the first and / or all second bearing points lie in a respective transverse plane extending at right angles to the longitudinal direction. All pipe sections of the tube bundle are thus supported evenly in two places.
• the support structure may comprise a first support element for providing all first bearing points and a second support element separate from the first support element for providing all second bearing points. This makes it possible to provide a free space between the two separate support elements, which accommodates a substantially unimpeded flow through the tube bundle.
• the support elements are formed flat and each extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction extending
• the support structure comprises at least one, preferably two, arrangements of stacked elongated spacers which are each arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction and in which recesses are provided for passing adjacent pipe sections.
• the spacers can be between individual levels of the Tube bundle be arranged and thus stabilize the bundle and hold.
• means for clamping the stacked spacers against each other are provided.
• bracing the spacers against each other is a fixation of all pipe sections of the tube bundle, wherein it is left to the dimensioning of the recesses, whether in the clamped state, a range of motion for the pipe sections, that is, whether a fixed bearing or a floating bearing is made.
• two clamping straps arranged above and below the tube bundle and enclosing the arrangement of spacers can be provided. This allows a particularly simple construction.
• the clamping bracket can be moved towards each other by means of a screw, in particular by means of an arrangement of threaded rods and nuts. By tightening the nuts, the clamps can thus be moved towards each other, wherein the spacers located between the clamps compressed and the tube bundle is fixed.
• An arrangement of threaded rods and associated nuts minimizes in particular the production cost of the tension.
• the clamping bracket in the tensioned state by means of a rigid bridging element connected to each other, in particular welded together.
• the screw connection can be omitted.
• the spacers may also be fixed relative to each other by at least one U-shaped rail. Such a rail can prevent unwanted slippage of the spacers before or during the bracing.
• flow guide walls are arranged in the fluid channel on both sides of the tube bundle.
• Such Strömungsleitrise can improve the efficiency of the heat exchanger by passing the hot fluid flow selectively between the individual pipe sections.
• the flow baffles may be provided with beads to further reduce the lateral flow of hot fluid past the tube bundle.
• the invention also relates to a heat engine with a heat transfer arrangement according to one of the preceding embodiments, an expansion machine and a condenser for cooling the working fluid, wherein the working fluid in a cyclic process, in particular in a Rankine Rank cycle, by the heat transfer assembly, the expansion machine and the capacitor is guided.
• the heat transfer arrangement can thus work, as it were, both as an evaporator and as a superheater, wherein the working fluid is heated, evaporated and superheated with the aid of the thermal energy of the hot fluid.
• the thermal energy thus stored in the working fluid is converted into technically usable mechanical energy in the expansion machine.
• the working fluid is recondensed in the condenser, cooled back and finally fed again to the heat transfer arrangement.
• the invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in which a heat transfer assembly is integrated as described above.
• Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a heat transfer assembly according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• Fig. 2 shows a heat transfer assembly according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• Fig. 3 shows a heat transfer assembly according to a third embodiment of the invention.
• a heat exchanger comprises a tube bundle 11, which in the present exemplary embodiment comprises 24 tube coils 12 arranged side by side and fed individually with a working fluid.
• Each coil 12 comprises a plurality of stacked and parallel rectilinear duct sections 13, each extending parallel to a longitudinal direction L and connected by inclined U-shaped arches 14.
• the tube bundle 1 1 is designed for mounting in a fluid channel, not shown, for example in a silencer housing an exhaust line. The hot exhaust gas flows along one
• Main flow direction S through the fluid channel and applies to the arrangement of pipe sections 13. This results in an effective heat transfer from the hot exhaust gas to that in the coils 12 guided working fluid.
• the working fluid can be vaporized and overheated in this way, so that it can subsequently perform mechanical work in an expansion machine. Subsequently, the working fluid is condensed, cooled back and fed back to the tube bundle 1 1.
• a support structure 15 which comprises two separate retaining rings 15 a, 15 b.
• the retaining rings 15a, 15b are formed flat and each extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L extending transverse plane. In this way, the flow of the exhaust gas along the main flow direction S is only minimally hindered.
• the outer periphery of the retaining rings 15a, 15b is formed for fixed connection to the fluid channel and adapted specifically to the geometry of the channel wall. An adaptation of the support structure 15 to different types of fluid idan channels can thus be done by a simple replacement of the retaining rings 15 a, 15 b.
• each of the retaining rings 15a, 15b flat opposite two clamping brackets 23 are welded. Before welding, the tensioning brackets 23 can be moved towards each other by means of two threaded rods 25 and associated nuts 37. Between the two clamping brackets 23 is in each case an array of stacked elongated spacer strips 19, which are each passed between the horizontal planes of the tube bundle 1 1 and in which recesses 21 are provided for performing the adjacent pipe sections 13.
• U-shaped profiled rails 29 respectively surround the threaded rods 25 and thus ensure a correct alignment of the spacer strips 19 relative to each other. By tightening the nuts 27, the spacer strips 19 can be braced against one another, wherein the tube guide sections 13 are clamped in the recesses 21.
• Each pipe section 13 is thus received at a first bearing 17a and at a second bearing 17b spaced apart in the longitudinal direction L thereof in corresponding recesses 21 of the spacer strips 19 and held relative to the support structure 15.
• the extent of the pinching of the pipe sections 13 in the recesses is selected so that each pipe section 13 is immovably held on the first bearing 17 a, whereas at the second bearing 17 b a certain range of motion in the axial direction, that is in the longitudinal direction L.
• All the first bearing points 17a lie in the transverse plane defined by the retaining ring 15a on the left, while all second bearing points 17b lie in the transverse plane defined by the right-hand retaining ring 15b.
• FIG. 2 a further embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention is shown, which is constructed in principle as the arrangement of FIG.
• 1 1 Strömungsleitance 30 are provided on both sides of the tube bundle to better pass through the hot exhaust gas stream through the tube bundle 1 1.
• Corrugations 31 provided in the flow guide walls 30 each protrude into the interstices between adjacent tube coils 12 and thus reduce undesirable lateral flow of the exhaust gas past the side.
• FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention, in which case instead of the screw threaded end 25 and nuts 27 formed the U-shaped rails 29th even with the clamps 23 and optionally welded to the spacer strips 19.
• the respective arrangement of clamping brackets 23, spacer strips 19 and rails 29 is biased for this purpose in a suitable clamping device and welded in a clamped state.
• the connection of the rails 29 with the spacer strips 19 can be made selectively or over the entire surface.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=46690519

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Citations (7)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2011
  • 2011-09-20 DE DE102011113788A patent/DE102011113788A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2012
  • 2012-08-17 WO PCT/EP2012/066058 patent/WO2013041315A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2012-08-17 US US14/346,089 patent/US20150053382A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-08-17 CN CN201280044354.5A patent/CN103782124B/zh active Active
  • 2012-08-17 BR BR112014006444A patent/BR112014006444A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (7)

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