WO2013037290A1 - 墙体挂板和墙体结构 - Google Patents

墙体挂板和墙体结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013037290A1
WO2013037290A1 PCT/CN2012/081290 CN2012081290W WO2013037290A1 WO 2013037290 A1 WO2013037290 A1 WO 2013037290A1 CN 2012081290 W CN2012081290 W CN 2012081290W WO 2013037290 A1 WO2013037290 A1 WO 2013037290A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
wall hanging
hanging plate
sand
weight
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/081290
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦升益
贾屹海
秦申二
王振邦
Original Assignee
北京仁创科技集团有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 filed Critical 北京仁创科技集团有限公司
Publication of WO2013037290A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013037290A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0821Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements located in-between two adjacent covering elements
    • E04F13/0825Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements located in-between two adjacent covering elements engaging side holes preformed into the covering elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to a wall hanging panel and a wall structure including the wall hanging panel. Background technique
  • the wall hanging plate is placed on the outer surface of the existing wall, so that the wall hanging plate makes the traditional building structure energy-saving and moisturizing.
  • the use of wall hanging panels can also provide decorative effects for the wall.
  • the wall hanging panels can also be constructed directly as part of the wall during the construction of the wall.
  • hanging boards or decorative boards are usually provided on the wall of a building by dry hanging installation.
  • dry hanging installation it is usually necessary to perform on-site grooving, opening, etc. on the wall.
  • slotting and opening it is necessary to use cutting saw equipment and drilling equipment, so it needs to be powered.
  • there are safety hazards in the on-site construction especially when the construction floor is high, the safety hazard is more obvious.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a wall hanging board, and the installation procedure of the wall hanging board is relatively simple. Further, the present invention provides a wall structure including the wall hanging plate.
  • a wall hanging plate comprising a hanging plate main body, wherein a groove is formed on a side surface in a thickness direction of the hanging plate main body.
  • the plurality of grooves are formed on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the hanging plate main body along the longitudinal direction of the hanging plate main body.
  • the hanging plate main body has a plurality of notches corresponding to the plurality of grooves in one-to-one correspondence, and the plurality of notched portions are formed on upper and lower end faces of the hanging plate main body to make the concave portion The groove is exposed to the outside through the notch portion.
  • the wall hanging plate further comprises a hanging plate skeleton embedded in the hanging plate body.
  • the hanging plate skeleton has an inner connecting member, and the groove is formed in the inner connecting member.
  • the hanging plate skeleton comprises a plurality of lateral supporting beams and a plurality of longitudinal supporting beams fixedly connected to the plurality of lateral supporting beams.
  • the plurality of lateral support beams and the plurality of longitudinal support beams are connected in a "well" shape.
  • the plurality of longitudinal support beams are two, the plurality of lateral support beams are fixedly connected between the two longitudinal support beams, and the inner connecting member is fixed on an outer side of the longitudinal support beams.
  • the hanging board main body comprises a top layer and a bottom layer formed by curing a mixture containing the aggregate and the first binder; the first binder is a fireproof binder.
  • the bottom layer has a thickness of 5-100 mm
  • the fireproofing binder is selected from the group consisting of cement, silica gel, water glass, magnesium hydroxide, potassium silicate, aluminum ceramic powder, attapulgite clay, calcined magnesite and a bi-acid binder. One or more.
  • the aggregate is selected from one or more of polyphenyl particles, mineral wool, ceramsite, perlite, expanded vermiculite, vitrified microbeads, sand and stones.
  • the facing layer is formed by curing a mixture containing the coated silica sand and the second binder, and the content of the second binder is 0.5-15 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the coated silica sand. Parts by weight; the top layer has a thickness of 3-10 mm.
  • the second binder is selected from one or more of a phenolic resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, a water glass, a cement, a silica gel, and a diacid salt binder.
  • the groove is disposed in the facing layer.
  • the panel body is formed by molding and curing a sand-based composition comprising silica sand, a third binder, and a nitrile rubber.
  • the first The content of the tri binder is 1 to 15 parts by weight, and the content of the nitrile rubber is 3 to 15 parts by weight.
  • the silica sand has a particle size of 70-300 mesh and a sphericity of 0.5-0.95.
  • the third binder is selected from one or more of an epoxy resin, a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, a water glass, a phenol resin, an acrylic resin, and a polyurethane resin.
  • the sand-based composition further contains a curing agent present as a separate component, and the curing agent is contained in an amount of 0.01 to 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silica sand.
  • the curing agent is selected from one or more of an amine type curing agent, an acid anhydride type curing agent, polyaluminate, sodium fluorosilicate, and urotropine.
  • the nitrile rubber has a number average molecular weight of 1600 to 4,600 and an acrylonitrile structural unit content of 18 to 45% by weight.
  • the sand-based composition further contains a pigment agent and/or a flame retardant, and the content of the pigment agent is 0-2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of silica sand, and the content of the flame retardant is 0 to 5 parts by weight, the total content of the pigment agent and the flame retardant is 0.01 to 7 parts by weight.
  • the pigment agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of titanium white, zinc oxide, red iron oxide, cinnabar, ultramarine blue, cobalt oxide, titanium yellow, chrome yellow, carbon black and phthalocyanine blue;
  • the flammant is one or more selected from the group consisting of hydrated alumina, hydrated magnesia, poly-hyaluronic acid, and expandable graphite.
  • a wall structure comprising: at least two load-bearing columns, the at least two load-bearing columns are vertically arranged on the ground at intervals; two adjacent load-bearing members Connecting rods connected to each other;
  • connection structure in which a portion of the connection structure is inserted into a recess of the wall panel and another portion is secured to the connecting rod.
  • the facing layer of the wall hanging panel faces the exterior of the wall structure.
  • the connecting structure comprises a hanging piece
  • the hanging piece comprises a base portion and a connecting portion perpendicularly connected to the base portion
  • the base portion is inserted into the groove of the wall hanging plate, the connecting portion and the connecting portion
  • the connecting rods are connected.
  • the base portion and the connecting portion of the hanging piece are formed in a T shape, and the base portions respectively match the grooves of any two of the wall hanging plates adjacent to each other.
  • a portion of the connecting portion of the hanger is located in a space enclosed by two of the notch portions of the corresponding two adjacent wall panels.
  • the connecting structure further comprises an outer connecting member connected to the connecting rod, and the connecting portions of the two hanging members at the same height on both sides of the bearing column are connected by corresponding outer connecting members.
  • the connecting structure further comprises a fastener
  • the middle portion of the outer connecting member is formed with an elongated slot
  • the elongated slot penetrating the outer connecting member in a thickness direction of the outer connecting member
  • the fastening A piece passes through the elongated slot
  • the joints of the two hangers at the same height on both sides of the load-bearing column are fixed to the corresponding outer connecting member by the fastener.
  • the wall hanging plates on both sides of the load-bearing column are filled with an insulating material.
  • the groove is arranged on the side of the main body of the hanging plate, when the wall hanging plate is installed, the process of slotting on the site can be omitted, and no electric power is required, thereby improving the safety of the on-site construction.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wall hanging plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side view showing the wall hanging plate shown in Figure 1 connected to the connecting structure;
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the mounting position of the inner connecting member and the hanging member of the connecting structure shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG 5 is a schematic illustration of a wall having a wall panel as shown in Figure 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the length direction of the wall hanging plate refers to the X-axis direction in Fig. 1
  • the thickness direction of the wall hanging plate refers to the Y-axis direction in Fig. 1
  • the height direction is Refers to the z-axis direction in Figure 1.
  • “Up” refers to the positive direction along the Z axis in Fig. 1
  • “Bottom” refers to the negative direction along the z axis in Fig. 1.
  • the present invention provides a wall hanging plate comprising a hanging plate main body 20, wherein a groove 13a is formed on a side surface of the hanging plate main body 20 in the thickness direction.
  • the groove 13a When the prefabricated wall is hung, the groove 13a may be pre-formed in the thickness direction of the hanging plate main body 20 of the wall hanging plate, so that when the wall is assembled by the wall hanging plate of the present invention, the site is no longer needed. Slotting, the wall hanging plate can be fixed by the groove 13a.
  • the connecting rod between the wall hanging plate and the load-bearing column 50 is connected by inserting the hanging member into the recess 13a.
  • the groove 13a may be plural, and the plurality of grooves 13a are formed on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the hanging plate main body 20 along the longitudinal direction of the hanging plate main body 20.
  • the arrangement of the grooves 13a is not limited to the one shown in Fig. 1, and for example, it may be provided on the side in the thickness direction of the hanging plate main body 20 in the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the wall hanging plate.
  • the opening position of the recess 13a can be determined according to the installation situation on the spot.
  • the hanging plate body 20 can be made of any suitable material, for example, the hanging plate body 20 can be The aggregate is cured by bonding with an adhesive.
  • the hanging plate main body 20 has a plurality of notches 21 corresponding to the plurality of grooves 13a, and the plurality of notches 21 are formed with an upper end surface of the hanging plate main body 20 and The lower end surface is such that the groove 13a is exposed to the outside through the notch portion 21. At least a portion of the pendant is located in the cutout portion 21 without affecting the fit between adjacent wall panels.
  • the length of the notch portion 21 extending in the Y direction may be equal to the length of the hanging plate main body 20 extending in the Y direction or may be smaller than the length of the hanging plate main body 20 extending in the Y direction.
  • the length of the notch portion 21 extending in the Y direction is smaller than the length of the hanging plate main body 20 extending in the Y direction, so that the outer surface of the wall structure is formed as a complete whole after the wall hanging plate is assembled into the wall structure. , make the wall structure more beautiful.
  • the wall hanging panels are assembled in accordance with the wall structure shown in Fig. 5, it is also possible to prevent the insulation material between the wall hanging plates disposed on both sides of the load-bearing column 50 from overflowing.
  • the wall hanging panel of the present invention may further comprise a hanging board skeleton 10 embedded in the hanging board main body 20.
  • the hanging frame 10 can be pre-buried in the material of the main body 20 of the hanging plate, and then the wall hanging plate can be obtained by curing.
  • the hanging plate skeleton 10 may be made of steel or a light alloy material such as aluminum alloy, as long as it can enhance the strength of the wall hanging plate inside the hanging plate main body 20.
  • the hanging frame 10 may have an inner connecting member 13, and a recess 13a is formed in the inner connecting member 13.
  • the inner connecting member 13 can have a higher strength than the hanging board main body 20, and is strong enough to withstand the weight of the hanging board main body 20, and is not easily damaged by the hanging member connected to the inner connecting member 13.
  • the inner connector may be a rectangular parallelepiped shell having a recess 13a in the middle.
  • the inner connecting member 13 may be fixed to the hanging plate bobbin 10 by welding, or the inner connecting member 13 may be fixed to the hanging plate bobbin 10 by a fastener.
  • the hanging plate skeleton 10 can have various forms as long as it can support the overall knot of the wall hanging plate It is sufficient to provide a mounting base for the inner connecting member 13.
  • the hanging plate skeleton 10 may be a mesh-like member which may be made of a rigid rod.
  • the hanging frame 10 may include a plurality of lateral support beams 11 and a plurality of longitudinal support beams 12 fixedly coupled to the plurality of lateral support beams 11.
  • the lateral support beam 11 and the longitudinal support beam 12 are rigid rods for high structural strength.
  • the materials of the lateral support beam 11 and the longitudinal support beam 12 may be various metals (such as steel, aluminum alloy, etc.), or may be various non-metallic materials such as rigid engineering plastics.
  • the transverse support beam 11 is joined to the longitudinal support beam 12 in a "well" shape to provide even distribution support for the wall panel.
  • the inner connecting member 13 may be fixed to the end portions of the lateral support beam 11 and/or the longitudinal support beam 12, and the outlet of the groove 13a formed in the inner connecting member 13 is exposed in the thickness direction of the hanging plate main body 20. Just on the side.
  • a plurality of longitudinal support beams 12 may be two, and a plurality of lateral support beams 11 are fixedly connected between the two longitudinal support beams 12, and the inner connecting member 13 is fixed at the The outer side of the longitudinal support beam 12 is described.
  • the hanging frame 10 can be used to increase the joint strength of the inner connecting member 13 and the longitudinal supporting beam 12 by the structure shown in Fig. 3, so that the inner connecting member can support the heavier wall hanging plate.
  • the hanging frame 10 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 3.
  • two longitudinal supporting beams on both sides of the hanging frame 10 may be used.
  • a plurality of longitudinal support beams 12 are provided between 12 to increase the overall strength of the pegboard frame 10.
  • the hanging board main body 20 may include a top layer and a bottom layer formed by curing a mixture containing the aggregate and the first binder.
  • the first adhesive is a fireproof adhesive.
  • the bottom layer has a thickness of from 5 to 100 mm to optimize the fire resistance of the wall panel of the present invention.
  • the fireproofing adhesive refers to various binders which can be used for bonding the aggregate and which have excellent fireproofing and flame retarding effects.
  • the fireproofing binder is selected from the group consisting of cement, silica gel, and water.
  • the fireproofing binder is selected from one or more of the group consisting of cement, silica gel and water glass to achieve optimum fire resistance of the wall panel of the present invention.
  • the type of the aggregate of the present invention is not particularly limited, and various aggregates which can be used for forming a wall panel and having excellent flame retardancy can be known in the art.
  • the aggregate can be selected from the group consisting of aggregates.
  • One or more of polyphenyl particles, mineral wool, ceramsite, perlite, expanded vermiculite, vitrified microbeads, sand and stones are further preferably polyphenyl particles.
  • the average particle diameter of the aggregate can be varied within a wide range, and a suitable aggregate size can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the aggregate has an average particle diameter of 0.005-2 mm, further preferably 0.1. -1 mm.
  • the facing layer is formed by curing a mixture containing the coated silica sand and the second binder, and the content of the second binder is 0.5-15 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the coated silica sand. Parts by weight; the top layer has a thickness of 3-10 mm.
  • the present invention is not particularly limited in the selection of the second binder, and may be any binder known in the art that can be used to form a facing layer of a wall hanging panel, preferably, the second bonding.
  • the agent may be selected from one or more of a phenol resin, an epoxy resin, a polyurethane resin, a water glass, a cement, a silica gel, and a diacid salt binder.
  • the recess 13a may be disposed in the facing layer.
  • the facing layers of the wall hanging panels are disposed outward.
  • the groove 13a is provided in the facing layer, and a connecting member is provided in the groove 13a to assemble the wall hanging plate into a wall structure.
  • the bottom layer and the portion of the facing layer between the recess 13a and the bottom layer together withstand the pressure of the connecting member against the wall hanging plate. Setting the recess 13a in the facing prevents the wall hanging panel from being broken by the force.
  • the wall hanging board according to the invention can be obtained by forming and solidifying with a sand-based composition, wherein
  • the sand-based composition contains silica sand, a third binder, and a nitrile rubber.
  • the third binder may be included in an amount of 1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silica sand;
  • the content of the rubber is from 3 to 15 parts by weight, preferably from 5 to 10 parts by weight.
  • the silica sand is not particularly limited and may be selected from sea sand, tidal sand, river sand, aeolian sand, artificial sand and reclaimed sand. One or more.
  • the silica sand preferably has a particle diameter of 70 to 300 mesh and a sphericity of preferably 0.5 to 0.95.
  • sphericity refers to a measure of the relative sharpness or curvature of the particle corners, and may also refer to the extent to which the particles are close to a sphere; methods for determining the degree of sphericity are known to those skilled in the art, for example, a plate may be employed. The method is measured.
  • conventional control methods such as ball milling of silica sand can be employed to meet the needs of the spheroidality of the silica sand.
  • the nitrile rubber may be a commercially available various conventional nitrile rubber products.
  • the number average molecular weight of the nitrile rubber is from 1600 to 4,600, more preferably from 1,600 to 3,300, in order to ensure that the wall panel prepared from the sand-based composition has a further increased breaking strength.
  • the content of the acrylonitrile structural unit in the nitrile rubber is preferably from 18 to 45% by weight, more preferably from 30 to 40% by weight.
  • the nitrile rubber may be a nitrile rubber product purchased from Shenzhen Peace Chemical Products Co., Ltd.
  • the kind of the third binder is not particularly limited, and various binders capable of bonding silica sand together can be used in the present invention and achieve the object of the present invention.
  • the third binder may be selected from one or more of an epoxy resin, a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, a water glass, a phenol resin, an acrylic resin, and a polyurethane resin; preferably, the third binder
  • the binder is a phenolic resin and/or an epoxy resin.
  • the phenol resin and epoxy resin can be appropriately selected among conventional phenol resins and epoxy resins.
  • the phenolic resin may be an acid-catalyzed phenolic resin and/or a base-catalyzed phenolic resin, preferably an acid-catalyzed phenolic resin, and the acid-catalyzed phenolic resin may have a weight average molecular weight of 300-12000, preferably 500-5000.
  • the epoxy resin Preferably, it is a bisphenol A type epoxy resin having an epoxy value of 0.3 to 0.55 mol/100 g and a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, preferably 800 to 5,000.
  • the sand-based composition may also contain a curing agent present as a separate component.
  • the curing agent may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silica sand.
  • the kind of the curing agent to be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, may be one selected from the group consisting of an amine type curing agent, an acid anhydride type curing agent, polyaluminate, sodium fluorosilicate, and urotropine. Or a variety.
  • the curing agent is an amine type curing agent and/or an acid anhydride type curing agent.
  • the amine type curing agent may be ethylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, hexamethylenetetramine, diethyltriamine, methylolethylenediamine, hydroxyethylethylenediamine, two Hydroxyethylethylenediamine, hydroxyethyldiethylenetriamine, dihydroxyethylethylenediamine, hydroxyethyldiethylenetriamine, dihydroxyethyldiethylenetriamine, hydroxyethylhexamethylenediamine, monocyanoethylamine Ethylenediamine, dicyanoethylethylenediamine, dicyanoethylhexamethylenediamine, dicyandiamide, cyclohexanediamine, methotrexate, amine ethylpyrazine, isophorone diamine and diamino At least one of cyclohexene; the anhydride type curing agent may be at least one of methyltetra
  • the curing agent is most preferably hexamethylenetetramine; when the third binder is an epoxy resin, The curing agent is most preferably the above-mentioned amine type curing agent.
  • the sand-based composition may further contain a pigment agent and/or a flame retardant, and the content of the pigment agent may be 0-2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of silica sand, the flame retardant
  • the content of the agent may be 0 to 5 parts by weight, and the total content of the pigment agent and the flame retardant may be 0.01 to 7 parts by weight.
  • the sand-based composition contains a pigment agent
  • the sand-based composition can exhibit a color effect, so that a wall hanging panel satisfying visual requirements can be manufactured.
  • the kind of the pigment agent is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, titanium white, zinc oxide, red iron oxide, cinnabar, ultramarine blue, cobalt oxide, titanium yellow, chrome yellow, carbon black, and phthalocyanine blue.
  • the color of the pigment agent is also not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected as needed.
  • the pigment agent for example, H190 carbon black of Dayi Jinghua Chemical Co., Ltd., 4920 phthalocyanine blue of Dayi Jinghua Chemical Co., Ltd., and the like can be used.
  • the flame retardancy of the sand-based composition can be further improved.
  • the kind of the flame retardant is not particularly limited, and various conventional flame retardants can be used in the present invention and achieve the object of the present invention.
  • the flame retardant is one or more selected from the group consisting of hydrated alumina, hydrated magnesia, poly-hyaluronic acid, and expandable graphite.
  • the molding method is not particularly limited, and for example, it may be press molding.
  • the forming process can be carried out in a mold.
  • the molding conditions may include a pressure of 0.1 to 1 MPa, preferably 0.12 to 0.8 MPa; a time of 30 to 300 s, preferably 60 to 240 s; and a temperature of 20 to 300 ° C, preferably 20 to 260 ° C.
  • the curing conditions are not particularly limited, and may include, for example, a curing temperature of 15-80 ° C and a curing time of 1-48 hours.
  • a wall structure comprising:
  • At least two load-bearing columns 50 the at least two load-bearing columns 50 are vertically spaced apart from each other on the ground;
  • the plurality of wall hanging panels 70 are respectively located on the inner side and the outer side of the load-bearing column 50, and are connected to the load-bearing column 50;
  • the wall hanging plate 70 is the above-mentioned wall hanging plate provided by the present invention, and the wall structure further includes a connecting structure 80, and a part of the connecting structure 80 is inserted into the groove 13a of the wall hanging plate 70. The other part is fixed to the connecting rod 60.
  • the connecting structure 80 is inserted into the recess 13a and then fixed to the connecting rod 60, eliminating the need for the field to be grooved on the wall hanging plate 70, thereby improving the safety in assembling the wall structure shown in the present invention.
  • the load-bearing column 50 is set up vertically on the ground.
  • the so-called ground floor here should be interpreted in a wide range, that is, the ground includes not only the earth (the ground on which the load-bearing column 50 can be directly set up), but also any building foundation, such as a high-rise building. The ground of any one of them.
  • the load-bearing column 50 can be set up on the ground in various ways, such as pre-buried, stacked on the ground, etc., and the steel pipe can be directly welded on the ground to form the load-bearing column 50.
  • the primary role of the load-bearing column 50 is to support and carry the gravitational load, so the load-bearing column 50 typically has a high structural strength.
  • the load-bearing column 50 can be a variety of load-bearing columns, such as a concrete-filled steel tube structure or a steel structure.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the load-bearing column 50 can be any suitable shape, such as a polygon.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the load-bearing columns 50 is rectangular, as shown in FIG.
  • the application of the wall structure according to the present invention includes but is not limited to: forming a wall structure by using at least two load-bearing columns 50 and wall hanging plates 70 on both sides of the load-bearing columns 50, so as to facilitate the internal space of the building Separate.
  • the facing of the wall panel 70 faces the exterior of the wall structure.
  • the connecting structure 80 may include a hanging member 30 including a base portion 30a and a connecting portion 30b perpendicularly connected to the base portion 30a, the base portion 30a being inserted into the inner connecting member Of the grooves 13a of 13, the connecting portion 30b is connected to the connecting rod 60.
  • the hanging member 30 may be L-shaped or T-shaped as long as it can be inserted into the recess 13a of the wall hanging plate 70, and the wall hanging plate can be fixedly connected to the connecting rod 60.
  • the base portion 30a of the hanger 30 may be connected to the connecting portion 30b by a fastener or may be connected to the connecting portion 30b by welding.
  • the base portion 30a and the connecting portion 30b are integrally formed by casting.
  • the material of the hanging member 30 there is no special requirement for the material of the hanging member 30, as long as it can be connected between the wall hanging plate 70 and the connecting rod, and supports the weight of the wall hanging plate.
  • the pendant 30 may be made of a metal material such as cast iron, aluminum beryllium, stainless steel, or the like, or a non-metallic material such as fiberglass.
  • the pendant 30 can be secured in the recess 13a by an interference fit, fastener or soldering.
  • the hanger 30 is fixed in the recess 13a by an interference fit to reduce the mounting process of assembling the wall structure of the present invention.
  • the base portion 30a and the connecting portion 30b of the pendant 30 are formed in a T shape.
  • the advantage that the pendant 30 is formed in a T shape is that the base portion 30a can be fitted to the recess 13a of any two wall hanging panels 70 adjacent to each other. Thereby, the components required for assembling the wall structure according to the present invention are reduced. Further, the two wall hanging panels 70 are connected to each other without the need of an adhesive or the like between the two adjacent wall hanging panels 70.
  • the notches 21 on the surfaces of the upper and lower adjacent wall brackets 70 are opposed to each other, so that a part of the connecting portion 30b of the hanger 30 is located at two of the corresponding two adjacent wall panels 70.
  • the space enclosed by the notch portion 21 is formed.
  • the provision of the notch portion 21 on the wall hanging plate 70 allows a part of the connecting portion 30b of the hanging member 30 to be located in the space surrounded by the two notch portions 21, thereby making the two walls adjacent to each other up and down.
  • the body panels 70 are closely fitted to make the wall structure of the present invention more compact and increase the strength of the wall structure of the present invention.
  • the wall hanging plate 70 can be directly connected to the connecting rod 60 through the connecting portion 30b of the hanging member 30.
  • a through hole is formed in each of the connecting portion 30b and the connecting rod 60, and the hanging member 30 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 60 by bolts.
  • the connecting structure 80 may further include an outer connecting member 40 connected to the connecting rod 60, and the connecting portions 30b of the two hanging members 30 at the same height on both sides of the bearing column 50 are connected by the corresponding outer connecting members 40, thereby increasing The strength of the entire wall structure and the stability of the wall structure.
  • the connecting structure 80 further includes a fastener, and the middle portion of the outer connecting member 40 is formed with an elongated groove 41 penetrating the outer connecting member in the thickness direction of the outer connecting member 40. 40.
  • the fastener passes through the elongated slot 41, and the connecting portion 30b of the two hangers 30 at the same height on both sides of the load-bearing post 50 is fixed to the corresponding outer connecting member 40 by the fastener.
  • the outer connector 40 can be made of the same material as the pendant 30.
  • the elongated groove 41 may be an elongated groove having a semicircle at both ends.
  • the elongated groove 41 may also be a rectangular groove.
  • the fasteners can be the most common screw bolts in the art.
  • the insulation material can be filled between the wall hanging plates 70 on both sides of the load-bearing column 50 to reduce the energy consumption required for heating in winter, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.
  • the groove is arranged on the side of the main body of the hanging plate, when the wall hanging plate is installed, the process of slotting on the site can be omitted, and no electric power is required, thereby improving the safety of the on-site construction.

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Abstract

一种墙体挂板,包括挂板主体(20),挂板主体(20)的厚度方向的侧面上形成有凹槽(13a)。还提供一种包括墙体挂板的墙体结构。在挂板主体的侧面上设置凹槽后,安装墙体挂板时,可省去现场开槽的工序,无需拉电,提高了现场施工的安全性。

Description

墙体挂板和墙体结构
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑领域, 具体地, 涉及一种墙体挂板和包括该墙体挂板 的墙体结构。 背景技术
墙体挂板是指挂置在已有墙体的外表面上, 从而利用该墙体挂板使传 统的建筑结构具有节能、 保湿的功能。 另外, 利用墙体挂板还可以为墙体 提供装饰效果。墙体挂板还可在构建墙体过程中直接构建为墙体的一部分。
目前, 通常通过干挂安装的方式在建筑物的墙体上设置挂板或装饰板。 在干挂安装的过程中, 通常需要在墙体上进行现场开槽、 开孔等。 而现场 开槽、 开孔时需要用到割锯设备和钻孔设备等, 因此需要拉电。 从而使得 现场施工存在安全隐患, 尤其是当施工楼层较高时, 这种安全隐患越明显。
因此, 如何方便地安装墙体挂板成为本领域亟待解决的技术问题。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种墙体挂板, 该墙体挂板的安装程序较为简单。 此外, 本发明还提供了一种包括所述墙体挂板的墙体结构。
作为本发明的一个方面, 提供一种墙体挂板, 该墙体挂板包括挂板主 体, 其中, 该挂板主体厚度方向的侧面上形成有凹槽。
优选地, 所述凹槽为多个, 该多个凹槽沿所述挂板主体的长度方向形 成在该挂板主体的上端面和下端面上。
优选地, 所述挂板主体具有与所述多个凹槽一一对应的多个缺口部, 该多个缺口部形成有所述挂板主体的上端面和下端面上, 以使所述凹槽通 过所述缺口部暴露于外部。 优选地, 该墙体挂板还包括嵌在所述挂板主体内的挂板骨架。
优选地, 所述挂板骨架具有内连接件, 所述凹槽形成在所述内连接件 中。
优选地, 所述挂板骨架包括多根横向支撑梁和与该多根横向支撑梁固 定连接的多根纵向支撑梁。
优选地, 所述多根横向支撑梁和所述多根纵向支撑梁连接为 "井"字 形。
优选地, 所述多根纵向支撑梁为两根, 所述多根横向支撑梁固定连接 在所述两根纵向支撑梁之间, 所述内连接件固定在所述纵向支撑梁的外侧。
优选地, 所述挂板主体包括面层和底层, 该底层是通过将含有骨料和 第一粘结剂的混合物经固化形成的; 所述第一粘结剂为防火粘结剂。
优选地, 所述底层的厚度为 5-100毫米
优选地, 所述防火粘结剂选自水泥、 硅胶、 水玻璃、 氢氧化镁、 硅酸 钾、 铝质陶瓷粉料、 凹凸棒粘土、 煅烧菱镁土和憐酸盐系粘结剂中的一种 或多种。
优选地, 所述骨料选自聚苯颗粒、 矿物棉、 陶粒、 珍珠岩、 膨胀蛭石、 玻化微珠、 砂子和石子中的一种或多种。
优选地, 所述面层是通过将含有覆膜硅砂和第二粘结剂的混合物经固 化形成的,相对于 100重量份的覆膜硅砂,所述第二粘结剂的含量为 0.5-15 重量份; 所述面层的厚度为 3-10毫米。
优选地, 所述第二粘结剂选自酚醛树脂、 环氧树脂、 聚氨酯树脂、 水 玻璃、 水泥、 硅胶和憐酸盐系粘结剂中的一种或多种。
优选地, 所述凹槽设置在所述面层中。
优选地, 所述挂板主体由砂基组合物成型和固化而制得, 所述砂基组 合物含有硅砂、 第三粘结剂和丁腈橡胶。
优选地, 在所述砂基组合物中, 以 100重量份的硅砂为基准, 所述第 三粘结剂的含量为 1-15重量份, 所述丁腈橡胶的含量为 3-15重量份。
优选地, 所述硅砂的粒径为 70-300目, 圆球度为 0.5-0.95。
优选地, 所述第三粘结剂选自环氧树脂、 聚偏氟乙烯树脂、 水玻璃、 酚醛树脂、 丙烯酸树脂和聚氨酯树脂的一种或多种。
优选地, 所述砂基组合物还含有以独立组分存在的固化剂, 以 100重 量份的硅砂为基准, 所述固化剂的含量为 0.01-15重量份。
优选地, 所述固化剂选自胺型固化剂、 酸酐型固化剂、 聚憐酸铝、 氟 硅酸钠和乌洛托品中的一种或多种。
优选地, 在所述砂基组合物中, 所述丁腈橡胶的数均分子量为 1600-4600, 丙烯腈结构单元的含量为 18-45重量%。
优选地, 所述砂基组合物还含有颜料剂和 /或阻燃剂, 以 100重量份的 硅砂为基准, 所述颜料剂的含量为 0-2重量份, 所述阻燃剂的含量为 0-5重 量份, 所述颜料剂和阻燃剂的总含量为 0.01-7重量份。
优选地, 所述颜料剂为选自钛白、 氧化锌、 红色氧化铁、 朱砂、 群青、 氧化钴、 钛黄、 铬黄、 炭黑和酞菁蓝中的一种或多种; 所述阻燃剂为选自 水合氧化铝、 水合氧化镁、 聚憐酸铵和可膨胀石墨中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的另外一个方面, 还提供一种墙体结构, 该墙体结构包括: 至少两根承重柱, 该至少两根承重柱彼此间隔地竖直设立在地面上; 将相邻两根承重柱互相连接的连接杆;
多个墙体挂板, 该多个墙体挂板分别位于所述承重柱的内侧和外侧; 其中, 所述墙体挂板为本发明所提供的上述墙体挂板, 所述墙体结构 还包括连接结构, 所述连接结构的一部分插入所述墙体挂板的凹槽中, 另 一部分固定在所述连接杆上。
优选地, 所述墙体挂板的所述面层朝向所述墙体结构的外部。
优选地, 所述连接结构包括挂件, 该挂件包括基部和与该基部垂直连 接的连接部, 所述基部插入所述墙体挂板的所述凹槽中, 所述连接部与所 述连接杆相连。
优选地, 所述挂件的所述基部和所述连接部形成为 T字形, 所述基部 分别与上下相邻的任意两个所述墙体挂板的所述凹槽相配合。
优选地, 所述挂件的所述连接部的一部分位于对应的两个相邻墙体挂 板的两个所述缺口部围成的空间内。
优选地, 所述连接结构还包括与所述连接杆相连的外连接件, 在所述 承重柱两侧位于同一高度的两个所述挂件的连接部通过对应的外连接件相 连。
优选地, 所述连接结构还包括紧固件, 所述外连接件的中部形成有长 形槽, 该长形槽在所述外连接件的厚度方向上贯穿该外连接件, 所述紧固 件穿过所述长形槽, 在所述承重柱两侧位于同一高度的两个挂件的连接部 通过所述紧固件固定在对应的外连接件上。
优选地, 位于所述承重柱两侧的所述墙体挂板之间填充有保温材料。 在挂板主体的侧面上设置凹槽后, 安装墙体挂板时, 可省去现场开槽 的工序, 无需拉电, 提高了现场施工的安全性。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1时根据本发明的一种实施方式的墙体挂板立体示意图;
图 2是图 1中所示的墙体挂板与连接结构相连后的侧视图示意图; 图 3图 2中所示连接结构的内连接件和挂件的安装位置的立体示意图; 图 4是图用于本发明所述的墙体挂板中的挂板骨架的立体结构示意图; 和
图 5是根据本发明的一种实施方式的墙体的示意图,该墙体中具有图 1 中所示的墙体挂板。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发 明。
在本发明中, 未作相反说明的情况下, 墙体挂板的长度方向是指图 1 中的 X轴方向, 墙体挂板的厚度方向是指图 1中的 Y轴方向, 高度方向是 指图 1中的 z轴方向。 "上"是指沿图 1中 Z轴的正方向, "下"是指沿图 1中 z轴的负方向。
如图 1 中所示, 本发明提供一种墙体挂板, 该墙体挂板包括挂板主体 20, 其中, 该挂板主体 20厚度方向的侧面上形成有凹槽 13a。
在预制墙体挂板时, 可以预先在墙体挂板的挂板主体 20的厚度方向上 预制凹槽 13a, 从而在通过本发明所述的墙体挂板组装墙体时, 不再需要现 场开槽, 利用凹槽 13a即可对墙体挂板进行固定。 例如, 在图 5中所示的 墙体中, 通过将挂件插入凹槽 13a中, 经墙体挂板与承重柱 50之间的连接 杆相连接。
为了将墙体挂板更加牢固地固定, 优选地, 凹槽 13a可以为多个, 该 多个凹槽 13a沿挂板主体 20的长度方向形成在挂板主体 20的上端面和下 端面上, 如图 1中所示。 当然, 凹槽 13a的设置方式并不限于图 1 中所示 的方式, 例如, 还可以沿墙体挂板的高度方向 (Z轴方向)设置在挂板主体 20的厚度方向的侧面上。 具体可以根据现场的安装情况来确定凹槽 13a的 开设位置。
挂板主体 20可以由任意适当的材料制成, 例如, 挂板主体 20可以由 骨料通过粘结剂粘结后固化而成。
如图 2和图 5中所示, 在将墙体挂板组装成墙体时, 需要通过挂件与 凹槽 13a配合, 并固定在连接杆上, 为了减少相邻的墙体挂板之间的缝隙, 使获得的墙体结构密实, 优选地, 挂板主体 20具有与多个凹槽 13a—一对 应的多个缺口部 21, 该多个缺口部 21形成有挂板主体 20的上端面和下端 面上, 以使凹槽 13a通过缺口部 21暴露于外部。 挂件的至少一部分位于缺 口部 21中不会影响到相邻墙体挂板之间的配合。在图 1中,缺口部 21沿 Y 方向延伸的长度既可以等于挂板主体 20沿 Y方向延伸的长度,也可以小于 挂板主体 20沿 Y方向延伸的长度。 优选地, 缺口部 21沿 Y方向延伸的长 度小于挂板主体 20沿 Y方向延伸的长度,从而使得墙体挂板装配成为墙体 结构后, 该墙体结构的外表面形成为一个完整的整体, 使墙体结构更加美 观。 并且, 当墙体挂板按照图 5 中所示的墙体结构装配时, 还可以防止设 置在承重柱 50两侧的墙体挂板之间的保温材料溢出。
为了增加墙体挂板的强度, 优选地, 本发明所述的墙体挂板还可以包 括嵌在所述挂板主体 20内的挂板骨架 10。在预制墙体挂板时, 可以先将挂 板骨架 10预埋在制成挂板主体 20的材料中, 然后通过固化获得墙体挂板。
挂板骨架 10可以由钢材制成,也可以由铝合金等较轻的合金材料制成, 只要能够在挂板主体 20内部, 对墙体挂板的强度起到增强作用即可。
如图 3中所示, 为了增强挂件与凹槽 13a之间的接合强度, 优选地, 挂板骨架 10可以具有内连接件 13, 凹槽 13a形成在所述内连接件 13中。 与挂板主体 20相比, 内连接件 13可以具有较高的强度, 足以承受挂板主 体 20的重量, 不易被与该内连接件 13相连的挂件所损坏。 如图 3和图 4 中所示, 内连接件可以是中间具有凹槽 13a 的长方体壳形件。 可以通过焊 接的方式将内连接件 13固定在挂板骨架 10上, 也可以通过紧固件将内连 接件 13固定在挂板骨架 10上。
挂板骨架 10可以具有多种形式, 只要能够起到支撑墙体挂板的整体结 构并为内连接件 13提供安装基础的作用即可。 例如, 挂板骨架 10可以为 网格状部件, 该网格状部件可以由刚性杆制成。
如图 3中所示, 优选地, 挂板骨架 10可以包括多根横向支撑梁 11和 与该多根横向支撑梁 11 固定连接的多根纵向支撑梁 12。 通常横向支撑梁 11和纵向支撑梁 12均为刚性杆, 以获得较高的结构强度。 例如, 所述横向 支撑梁 11和纵向支撑梁 12的材料可以为各种金属 (如钢、 铝合金等), 也 可以为各种非金属材料, 如刚性的工程塑料等。
优选地, 横向支撑梁 11与纵向支撑梁 12连接为 "井"字形, 以给墙 体挂板提供均匀分布的支撑作用。 此时, 内连接件 13可以固定在横向支撑 梁 11和 /或纵向支撑梁 12的端部, 并且使形成在内连接件 13中的凹槽 13a 的出口暴露在挂板主体 20的厚度方向的侧面上即可。
优选地, 如图 3中所示, 多根纵向支撑梁 12可以为两根, 多根横向支 撑梁 11固定连接在所述两根纵向支撑梁 12之间, 所述内连接件 13固定在 所述纵向支撑梁 12的外侧。 挂板骨架 10采用图 3中所示的结构可以提高 内连接件 13与纵向支撑梁 12的接合强度, 使内连接件能够支撑重量更重 的墙体挂板。
当然, 挂板骨架 10并不限于图 3中所示的结构, 例如, 在图 3中所示 的挂板骨架 10中, 还可以在位于该挂板骨架 10的两侧的两根纵向支撑梁 12之间设置多根纵向支撑梁 12, 以提高挂板骨架 10的整体强度。
为了使本发明所述的墙体挂板具有优异的防火性能, 优选地, 挂板主 体 20可以包括面层和底层, 该底层是通过将含有骨料和第一粘结剂的混合 物经固化形成的; 所述第一粘结剂为防火粘结剂。
优选地,所述底层的厚度为 5-100毫米, 以使本发明所述的墙体挂板的 防火性能最佳。
所述防火粘结剂指的是各种可以用于粘结所述骨料, 并且具有优异的 防火、 阻燃效果的粘结剂。 优选地, 所述防火粘结剂选自水泥、 硅胶、 水 玻璃、 氢氧化镁、 硅酸钾、 铝质陶瓷粉料、 凹凸棒粘土、 煅烧菱镁土和憐 酸盐系粘结剂中的一种或多种。 进一步优选地, 所述防火粘结剂选自水泥、 硅胶和水玻璃中的一种或多种, 以使本发明所述的墙体挂板获得最佳的防 火性能。
本发明对所述骨料的种类没有特别的限制, 可以为本领域所公知的各 种可用于形成墙体挂板并具有优异阻燃性能的骨料, 优选地, 所述骨料可 以选自聚苯颗粒、 矿物棉、 陶粒、 珍珠岩、 膨胀蛭石、 玻化微珠、 砂子和 石子中的一种或多种, 进一步优选为聚苯颗粒。 所述骨料的平均颗粒直径 可以在很大范围内改变, 并可以根据实际需要选择适合的骨料尺寸, 优选 情况下, 所述骨料的平均颗粒直径为 0.005-2毫米, 进一步优选为 0.1-1毫 米。
优选地, 所述面层是通过将含有覆膜硅砂和第二粘结剂的混合物经固 化形成的,相对于 100重量份的覆膜硅砂,所述第二粘结剂的含量为 0.5-15 重量份; 所述面层的厚度为 3-10毫米。
本发明对所述第二粘结剂的选择没有特别的限制, 可以为本领域所公 知的各种可用于形成墙体挂板的面层的粘结剂, 优选地, 所述第二粘结剂 可以选自酚醛树脂、 环氧树脂、 聚氨酯树脂、 水玻璃、 水泥、 硅胶和憐酸 盐系粘结剂中的一种或多种。
优选地, 凹槽 13a可以设置在所述面层中。 当墙体挂板组装为墙体结 构时, 墙体挂板的面层朝外设置。 凹槽 13a设置在面层中, 在凹槽 13a中设 置连接件, 以将墙体挂板组装成墙体结构。 此时, 底层以及位于凹槽 13a 与底层之间的面层部分共同承受连接件对墙体挂板的压力。 将凹槽 13a设 置在面层中能够防止墙体挂板因受力而破裂。
为了使本发明提供的墙体挂板具有较轻的重量以及较高的强度, 优选 地, 可以利用一种砂基组合物成型、 固化而获得本发明所述的墙体挂板, 其中, 该砂基组合物含有硅砂、 第三粘结剂和丁腈橡胶。 优选地, 在所述砂基组合物中, 以 100重量份的硅砂为基准, 所述第 三粘结剂的含量可以为 1-15重量份, 优选为 5-10重量份; 所述丁腈橡胶的 含量为 3-15重量份, 优选为 5-10重量份。
在利用所述砂基组合物制造所述墙体挂板时, 对所述硅砂没有特别的 限制, 可以为选自海砂、 潮砂、 河砂、 风积砂、 人工砂和再生砂中的一种 或多种。 所述硅砂的粒径优选为 70-300 目, 圆球度优选为 0.5-0.95。 在本 发明中, "圆球度"指颗粒棱角的相对锐度或曲率的量度, 也可以指颗粒接 近球形的程度; 圆球度的测定方法为本领域技术人员所公知, 例如, 可采 用图版法进行测定。 为了达到本发明所要求的圆球度要求, 可以采用对硅 砂进行球磨等常规的控制方法来满足硅砂圆球度的需要。 所述硅砂的圆球 度和粒径在上述范围时, 能够进一步提高由该砂基组合物制成的较薄的墙 体挂板的断裂强度。
在所述砂基组合物中, 所述丁腈橡胶可以为市售的各种常规的丁腈橡 胶产品。 优选情况下, 为了保证由所述砂基组合物制备的墙体挂板具有进 一步提高的断裂强度, 所述丁腈橡胶的数均分子量为 1600-4600, 更优选为 1600-3300。 所述丁腈橡胶中丙烯腈结构单元的含量优选为 18-45重量%, 更优选为 30-40重量%。在本发明中, 所述丁腈橡胶可以为购自深圳市和平 化工产品有限公司的丁腈橡胶产品。
在所述砂基组合物中, 所述第三粘结剂的种类没有特别的限定, 能够 将硅砂粘结在一起的各种粘结剂均可用于本发明中并实现本发明的目的。 例如, 所述第三粘结剂可以选自环氧树脂、 聚偏氟乙烯树脂、 水玻璃、 酚 醛树脂、 丙烯酸树脂和聚氨酯树脂中的一种或多种; 优选情况下, 所述第 三粘结剂为酚醛树脂和 /或环氧树脂。 所述酚醛树脂和环氧树脂可以在常规 的酚醛树脂和环氧树脂中适当地选择。 具体地, 所述酚醛树脂可以为酸催 化酚醛树脂和 /或碱催化酚醛树脂, 优选为酸催化酚醛树脂, 且所述酸催化 酚醛树脂的重均分子量可以为 300-12000, 优选为 500-5000。所述环氧树脂 优选为双酚 A型环氧树脂,所述环氧树脂的环氧值可以为 0.3-0.55mol/100g, 其重均分子量可以为 500-10000, 优选为 800-5000。
优选地, 所述砂基组合物还可以含有以独立组分存在的固化剂。 以 100 重量份的硅砂为基准, 所述固化剂的含量可以为 0.01-15 重量份, 优选为 0.1-5重量份。
适用于本发明的所述固化剂的种类没有特别的限定, 例如, 可以为选 自胺型固化剂、 酸酐型固化剂、 聚憐酸铝、 氟硅酸钠和乌洛托品中的一种 或多种。 优选情况下, 所述固化剂为胺型固化剂和 /或酸酐型固化剂。 所述 胺型固化剂可以为乙二胺、 三甲基六亚甲基二胺、 六亚甲基四胺、 二乙基 三胺、 羟甲基乙二胺、 羟乙基乙二胺、 二羟乙基乙二胺、 羟乙基二乙烯三 胺、 二羟乙基乙二胺、 羟乙基二乙烯三胺、 二羟乙基二乙烯三胺、 羟乙基 己二胺、 一氰乙基乙二胺、 二氰乙基乙二胺、 二氰乙基己二胺、 双氰胺、 环己二胺、 孟垸二胺、 胺乙基呱嗪、 异佛尔酮二胺和二氨基环己垸中的至 少一种; 所述酸酐型固化剂例可以为甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐、 甲基六氢苯 酐、 丁二酸酐和己二酸酐中的至少一种。
在最优选的情况下, 当所述第三粘结剂为酚醛树脂时, 所述固化剂最 优选为六亚甲基四胺; 当所述第三粘结剂为环氧树脂时, 所述固化剂最优 选为上述胺型固化剂。
优选地, 所述砂基组合物中还可以含有颜料剂和 /或阻燃剂, 且以 100 重量份的硅砂为基准,所述颜料剂的含量可以为 0-2重量份,所述阻燃剂的 含量可以为 0-5重量份, 所述颜料剂和阻燃剂的总含量可以为 0.01-7重量 份。
在所述砂基组合物含有颜料剂的情况下, 所述砂基组合物可以表现出 彩色的效果, 从而可以制造出满足视觉要求的墙体挂板。 在优选情况下, 为了保证所述砂基组合物的色彩具有长期稳定性, 优选使所述颜料剂附着 在硅砂的表面。 具体的, 在该砂基组合物的制备过程中, 优选先将硅砂、 第三粘结剂和颜料剂混匀, 然后再与丁腈橡胶以及选择性组分固化剂混合。 在本发明中, 所述颜料剂的种类没有特别的限定, 例如可以为钛白、 氧化锌、 红色氧化铁、 朱砂、 群青、 氧化钴、 钛黄、 铬黄、 炭黑和酞菁蓝 中的一种或多种。 所述颜料剂的颜色也没有特别的限定, 可以根据需要进 行适当地选择。所述颜料剂例如可以使用大日精化化工有限公司的 H190炭 黑、 大日精化化工有限公司的 4920酞菁蓝等。
在所述砂基组合物含有阻燃剂的情况下, 所述砂基组合物的阻燃性能 可以得到进一步提高。 在本发明中, 所述阻燃剂的种类没有特别的限定, 各种常规的阻燃剂均可用于本发明并实现本发明的目的。 优选情况下, 所 述阻燃剂为选自水合氧化铝、 水合氧化镁、 聚憐酸铵和可膨胀石墨中的一 种或多种。
在利用上述砂基组合物制造所述墙体挂板时, 对成型的方法没有特别 的限定, 例如可以为压制成型。 所述成型的过程可以在模具中实施。 所述 成型的条件可以包括压力为 0.1-lMPa,优选为 0.12-0.8MPa;时间为 30-300s, 优选为 60-240S; 温度为 20-300 °C, 优选为 20-260°C。
在利用上述砂基组合物制造所述墙体挂板时, 对固化的条件没有特别 的限定, 例如可以包括: 固化温度为 15-80°C, 固化时间为 1-48小时。
如图 5 中所示, 作为本发明的另外一个方面, 还提供一种墙体结构, 该墙体结构包括:
至少两根承重柱 50,该至少两根承重柱 50彼此间隔地竖直设立在地面 上;
将相邻两根承重柱 50互相连接的连接杆 60;
多个墙体挂板 70, 该多个墙体挂板 70分别位于所述承重柱 50的内侧 和外侧, 并与该承重柱 50连接;
其中, 墙体挂板 70为本发明所提供的上述墙体挂板, 所述墙体结构还 包括连接结构 80, 所述连接结构 80的一部分插入墙体挂板 70的凹槽 13a 中, 另一部分固定在所述连接杆 60上。
连接结构 80插入凹槽 13a中, 然后固定在连接杆 60上即可, 无需现 场在墙体挂板 70上进行开槽, 提高了组装本发明所示的墙体结构时的安全 性。
承重柱 50竖直设立在地面上,这里所谓的地面应该做较宽范围的解释, 即该地面不仅包括大地 (承重柱 50可以直接设立的大地上), 还包括任何 建筑基础, 如高层建筑楼宇中的任意一层的地面。 承重柱 50可以通过多种 方式设立在地面上, 如预先埋设, 在地面上堆砌而成等, 还可以在地面上 直接焊接钢管而形成承重柱 50。承重柱 50的主要作用在于支撑并承载重力 载荷, 因而承重柱 50通常具有较高的结构强度。
虽然图 5中所示的承重柱 50有 2个, 但也可以有 4个或更多个。 承重 柱 50可以为各种形式的承重柱, 如钢管混凝土结构或钢结构。 承重柱 50 的截面形状可以为任意合适的形状, 如多边形。 但优选地, 为了便于连接 杆 60相连接, 优选地, 承重柱 50的截面形状为矩形, 如图 5所示。
本发明所涉及的墙体结构的应用场合包括但不限于: 利用至少两根承 重柱 50以及位于承重柱 50两侧的墙体挂板 70从而形成墙体结构, 以便于 对建筑物的内部空间进行分隔。
通常, 墙体挂板 70的面层朝向所述墙体结构的外部。
为了便于将墙体挂板 70连接在连接杆 60上, 优选地, 连接结构 80可 以包括挂件 30,该挂件 30包括基部 30a和与该基部 30a垂直连接的连接部 30b, 基部 30a插入内连接件 13的所述凹槽 13a中, 连接部 30b与连接杆 60相连。
挂件 30可以是 L形的或 T形的,只要能够插入墙体挂板 70的凹槽 13a 中即可, 并将墙体挂板与连接杆 60固定连接即可。
挂件 30的基部 30a可以通过紧固件与连接部 30b互相连接, 也可以通 过焊接的方式与连接部 30b互相连接。 当然, 优选地, 为了提高挂件 30的 强度, 基部 30a与连接部 30b通过铸造的方式一体形成。 在本发明中对制 成挂件 30的材料并没有特殊要求, 只要能够连接在墙体挂板 70和连接杆 之间, 并支撑墙体挂板的重量即可。 例如, 挂件 30可以由金属材料, 如铸 铁、 铝矽镁、 不锈钢等, 或非金属材料, 如玻璃钢等材料制成。
挂件 30可以通过过盈配合、紧固件或者焊接的方式固定在凹槽 13a中。 优选地, 挂件 30通过过盈配合的方式固定在凹槽 13a中, 以减少组装本发 明所述的墙体结构的安装工序。
优选地, 如图 4中所示, 挂件 30的所述基部 30a和连接部 30b形成为 T字形。 挂件 30形成为 T字形的优点在于, 基部 30a可以分别与上下相邻 的任意两个墙体挂板 70的凹槽 13a相配合。 从而减少了本发明所述的墙体 结构装配时所需的零部件。 并且, 上下相邻的两个墙体挂板 70之间无需设 置粘结剂等将两个墙体挂板 70互相连接。
通常, 上下相邻的任意两个墙体挂板 70相接触的表面上的缺口部 21 互相相对, 从而使挂件 30的连接部 30b的一部分位于对应的两个相邻墙体 挂板 70的两个缺口部 21围成的空间内。 如图 5中所示, 在墙体挂板 70上 设置缺口部 21可以使挂件 30的连接部 30b的一部分位于两个缺口部 21所 围成的空间内, 从而使上下相邻的两个墙体挂板 70紧密贴合, 使本发明所 述的墙体结构更加紧凑, 并增加了本发明所述的墙体结构的强度。
墙体挂板 70可以通过挂件 30的连接部 30b直接与连接杆 60相连。例 如, 在连接部 30b和连接杆 60上分别开设通孔, 利用螺栓将挂件 30与连 接杆 60固定连接。
优选地, 连接结构 80还可以包括与连接杆 60相连的外连接件 40, 并 且在承重柱 50两侧位于同一高度的两个挂件 30的连接部 30b通过对应的 外连接件 40相连, 从而增加了使整个墙体结构的强度, 并使墙体结构更加 稳定。
当将外连接件 40与分别位于承重柱 50两侧的墙体挂板 70相连时, 可 以在外连接件 40 的两端分别设置开孔, 并通过开孔将位于该外连接件 40 两侧的挂件 30与连接杆 60固定连接。 优选地, 降低对加工精度的要求, 连接结构 80还包括紧固件, 外连接件 40的中部形成有长形槽 41, 该长形 槽 41在外连接件 40的厚度方向上贯穿该外连接件 40, 所述紧固件穿过长 形槽 41, 在承重柱 50两侧位于同一高度的两个挂件 30的连接部 30b通过 所述紧固件固定在对应的外连接件 40上。 可以采用与挂件 30相同的材料 来制成外连接件 40。
如图 2和图 5中所示,长形槽 41可以是两端为半圆的长条形槽,当然, 长形槽 41还可以是矩形槽。 所述紧固件可以是本领域最常见的螺钉螺栓。
优选地, 可以在位于承重柱 50两侧的墙体挂板 70之间填充保温材料, 以降低冬季采暖时所需的能耗, 从而达到节能环保的效果。
在挂板主体的侧面上设置凹槽后, 安装墙体挂板时, 可省去现场开槽 的工序, 无需拉电, 提高了现场施工的安全性。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims

权利要求
1、 墙体挂板, 该墙体挂板包括挂板主体 (20), 其特征在于, 该挂板 主体 (20) 厚度方向的侧面上形成有凹槽 (13a)。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述凹槽 (13a) 为多个, 该多个凹槽 (13a) 沿所述挂板主体 (20) 的长度方向形成在该挂 板主体 (20) 的上端面和下端面上。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述挂板主体(20) 具有与所述多个凹槽 (13a) —一对应的多个缺口部 (21 ), 该多个缺口部 ( 21 )形成有所述挂板主体(20)的上端面和下端面上,以使所述凹槽(13a) 通过所述缺口部 (21 ) 暴露于外部。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 该墙体挂板还包括 嵌在所述挂板主体 (20) 内的挂板骨架 (10)。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述挂板骨架(10) 具有内连接件 (13), 所述凹槽 (13a) 形成在所述内连接件 (13 ) 中。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述挂板骨架(10) 包括多根横向支撑梁 (11 ) 和与该多根横向支撑梁 (11 ) 固定连接的多根 纵向支撑梁 (12)。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述多根横向支撑 梁 (11 ) 和所述多根纵向支撑梁 (12) 连接为 "井"字形。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述多根纵向支撑 梁 (12) 为两根, 所述多根横向支撑梁 (11 ) 固定连接在所述两根纵向支 撑梁 (12) 之间, 所述内连接件 (13 ) 固定在所述纵向支撑梁 (12) 的外
9、 根据权利要求 1至 8中任意一项所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所 述挂板主体 (20) 包括面层和底层, 该底层是通过将含有骨料和第一粘结 剂的混合物经固化形成的; 所述第一粘结剂为防火粘结剂。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述底层的厚度 为 5-100毫米
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述防火粘结剂 选自水泥、 硅胶、 水玻璃、 氢氧化镁、 硅酸钾、 铝质陶瓷粉料、 凹凸棒粘 土、 煅烧菱镁土和憐酸盐系粘结剂中的一种或多种。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述骨料选自聚 苯颗粒、 矿物棉、 陶粒、 珍珠岩、 膨胀蛭石、 玻化微珠、 砂子和石子中的 一种或多种。
13、 根据权利要求 9所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述面层是通过 将含有覆膜硅砂和第二粘结剂的混合物经固化形成的, 相对于 100重量份 的覆膜硅砂, 所述第二粘结剂的含量为 0.5-15重量份; 所述面层的厚度为 3-10毫米。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述第二粘结剂 选自酚醛树脂、 环氧树脂、 聚氨酯 旨、 水玻璃、 水泥、 硅胶和憐酸盐系 粘结剂中的一种或多种。
15、 根据权利要求 9所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述凹槽 (13a) 设置在所述面层中。
16、 根据权利要求 1至 8中任意一项所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述挂板主体 (20) 由砂基组合物成型和固化而制得, 所述砂基组合物含 有硅砂、 第三粘结剂和丁腈橡胶。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 在所述砂基组合 物中, 以 100重量份的硅砂为基准, 所述粘结剂的含量为 1-15重量份, 所 述丁腈橡胶的含量为 3-15重量份。
18、 根据权利要求 16或 17所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述硅砂 的粒径为 70-300目, 圆球度为 0.5-0.95。
19、 根据权利要求 16所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述第三粘结剂 选自环氧树脂、 聚偏氟乙烯树脂、 水玻璃、 酚醛树脂、 丙烯酸树脂和聚氨 酯树脂的一种或多种。
20、 根据权利要求 16或 19所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述砂基 组合物还含有以独立组分存在的固化剂, 以 100重量份的硅砂为基准, 所 述固化剂的含量为 0.01-15重量份。
21、 根据权利要求 20所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述固化剂选自 胺型固化剂、 酸酐型固化剂、 聚憐酸铝、 氟硅酸钠和乌洛托品中的一种或 多种。
22、 根据权利要求 16或 17所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 在所述砂 基组合物中, 所述丁腈橡胶的数均分子量为 1600-4600, 丙烯腈结构单元的 含量为 18-45重量%。
23、 根据权利要求 16所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述砂基组合物 还含有颜料剂和 /或阻燃剂, 以 100重量份的硅砂为基准, 所述颜料剂的含 量为 0-2重量份, 所述阻燃剂的含量为 0-5重量份, 所述颜料剂和阻燃剂的 总含量为 0.01-7重量份。
24、 根据权利要求 23所述的墙体挂板, 其特征在于, 所述颜料剂为选 自钛白、 氧化锌、 红色氧化铁、 朱砂、 群青、 氧化钴、 钛黄、 铬黄、 炭黑 和酞菁蓝中的一种或多种; 所述阻燃剂为选自水合氧化铝、 水合氧化镁、 聚憐酸铵和可膨胀石墨中的一种或多种。
25、 墙体结构, 该墙体结构包括:
至少两根承重柱 (50), 该至少两根承重柱 (50)彼此间隔地竖直设立 在地面上;
将相邻两根承重柱 (50) 互相连接的连接杆 (60);
多个墙体挂板(70), 该多个墙体挂板(70)分别位于所述承重柱(50) 其特征在于, 所述墙体挂板 (70) 为权利要求 1至 24中任意一项所述 的墙体挂板, 所述墙体结构还包括连接结构 (80), 所述连接结构 (80) 的 一部分插入所述墙体挂板 (70) 的凹槽 (13a) 中, 另一部分固定在所述连 接杆 (60) 上
26、根据权利要求 25所述的墙体结构,其特征在于,所述墙体挂板(70) 的所述面层朝向所述墙体结构的外部。
27、 根据权利要求 25或 26所述的墙体结构, 其特征在于, 所述连接 结构(80)包括挂件(30), 该挂件(30)包括基部(30a)和与该基部(30a) 垂直连接的连接部 (30b), 所述基部 (30a) 插入所述墙体挂板 (70) 的所 述凹槽 (13a) 中, 所述连接部 (30b) 与所述连接杆 (60) 相连。
28、 根据权利要求 27所述的墙体结构, 其特征在于, 所述挂件 (30) 的所述基部 (30a) 和所述连接部 (30b) 形成为 T字形, 所述基部 (30a) 分别与上下相邻的任意两个所述墙体挂板(70)的所述凹槽(13a)相配合。
29、 根据权利要求 28所述的墙体结构, 其特征在于, 所述挂件 (30) 的所述连接部 (30b) 的一部分位于对应的两个相邻墙体挂板 (70) 的两个 所述缺口部 (21 ) 围成的空间内。
30、根据权利要求 28所述的墙体结构,其特征在于,所述连接结构(80) 还包括与所述连接杆 (60) 相连的外连接件 (40), 在所述承重柱 (50) 两 侧位于同一高度的两个所述挂件 (30) 的连接部 (30b) 通过对应的外连接 件 (40) 相连。
31、根据权利要求 30所述的墙体结构,其特征在于,所述连接结构(80) 还包括紧固件, 所述外连接件 (40) 的中部形成有长形槽 (41 ), 该长形槽
(41 ) 在所述外连接件 (40) 的厚度方向上贯穿该外连接件 (40), 所述紧 固件穿过所述长形槽 (41 ), 在所述承重柱 (50) 两侧位于同一高度的两个 挂件 (30) 的连接部 (30b) 通过所述紧固件固定在对应的外连接件 (40) 上。
32、 根据权利要求 25或 26所述的墙体结构, 其特征在于, 位于所述 承重柱 (50) 两侧的所述墙体挂板 (70) 之间填充有保温材料。
PCT/CN2012/081290 2011-09-14 2012-09-12 墙体挂板和墙体结构 WO2013037290A1 (zh)

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