WO2013033896A1 - 楼梯和司机室 - Google Patents

楼梯和司机室 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013033896A1
WO2013033896A1 PCT/CN2011/079436 CN2011079436W WO2013033896A1 WO 2013033896 A1 WO2013033896 A1 WO 2013033896A1 CN 2011079436 W CN2011079436 W CN 2011079436W WO 2013033896 A1 WO2013033896 A1 WO 2013033896A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cab
ladder beams
pedal
stair
boom
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/079436
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖峰
刘阳样
Original Assignee
长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司
湖南中联重科专用车有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司, 湖南中联重科专用车有限责任公司 filed Critical 长沙中联重工科技发展股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2011/079436 priority Critical patent/WO2013033896A1/zh
Publication of WO2013033896A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013033896A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R3/00Arrangements of steps or ladders facilitating access to or on the vehicle, e.g. running-boards
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06CLADDERS
    • E06C5/00Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles
    • E06C5/02Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06CLADDERS
    • E06C7/00Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/08Special construction of longitudinal members, or rungs or other treads
    • E06C7/082Connections between rungs or treads and longitudinal members
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06CLADDERS
    • E06C7/00Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/18Devices for preventing persons from falling
    • E06C7/181Additional gripping devices, e.g. handrails
    • E06C7/183Additional gripping devices, e.g. handrails situated along the ladder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a construction machine, and in particular to a staircase and a cab having the stairs. Background technique
  • a large mobile device such as a ship loader, a ship unloader, a stacker reclaimer, a crane, and a container bridge is provided with an automatically adjustable driver's cab, which is the workplace of the operator of various equipments.
  • the automatically adjusted cab is generally placed on the boom of a large mobile device. When the boom of the large mobile device rotates, the automatically adjusted cab can be moved relative to the boom by the hydraulic cylinder, so that the cab is always level. This makes it easy for the operator to observe the position of the lifting object or the container and the like and perform operational control.
  • a stairway is provided between the driver's cab and the boom.
  • stairs there are two ways to install stairs:
  • the stair 10 is fixedly supported on the boom 200 at a certain inclination angle (as shown in FIG. 1-3).
  • the stair 10 cannot adjust the relative position with the cab 100 correspondingly as the boom 200 rotates.
  • the connection between the stair 10 and the cab 100 is disengaged, so that the operator cannot easily get up and down the cab 100, and even poses a safety hazard, so this type of installation has been rarely used now;
  • the upper end of the stair 10 and the bottom of the cab 100 are hinged, and the lower end of the stair 10 is connected with the boom 200 (as shown in FIG. 4-6), and the cab 100 can rotate with the boom 200.
  • the stair 10 can adjust the relative position with the cab 100 as the boom 200 rotates, so that the operator can conveniently go up and down the cab 100. . Due to the adjustability of the second installation method, stairs are generally used in existing large mobile devices.
  • the staircase 10 of the second installation form is correspondingly adjusted in position as the boom 200 rotates, the pedal 1 of the stairs 10 cannot adjust its position correspondingly, which may cause a certain angle between the pedal 1 and the horizontal plane. Therefore, it brings inconvenience to the operator to the driver's cab, and even induces safety hazards.
  • an aspect of the present invention provides a staircase including a pedal and oppositely disposed side sills, wherein the two side sills respectively include a plurality of ladder beams arranged in parallel, the pedals Horizontally disposed between the two side ladder beams, and two sides of the pedal are respectively rotatably connected to the plurality of ladder beams on the same side, and the upper ends of the plurality of ladder beams are pivot ends The plane in which it is located is parallel to the pedal.
  • the two side ladder beams respectively comprise two ladder beams arranged in parallel.
  • the pedal is a plurality of blocks, and the plurality of pedals are spaced apart from each other in parallel.
  • the plurality of pedals are evenly spaced apart.
  • two sides of the pedal are respectively hinged with the plurality of ladder beams located on the same side.
  • two sides of the pedal are respectively hinged with the plurality of ladder beam balls on the same side.
  • the two sides of the pedal are respectively connected to the plurality of ladder beams on the same side by a pin shaft.
  • the two sides of the pedal are respectively connected to the plurality of ladder beams on the same side by bearings.
  • the staircase further comprises two opposite handrails, and the two handrails are respectively disposed on the two side ladder beams.
  • a lower end of at least one of the plurality of ladder beams is a sliding end.
  • a lower end of at least one of the plurality of ladder beams is provided with a roller.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a driver's cab mounted on a boom, the cab including a staircase connected between a bottom of the cab and the boom, wherein the stairs are The stairs mentioned.
  • the upper ends of the plurality of ladder beams of the stairs are respectively hinged to the bottom of the cab.
  • a lower end of at least one of the plurality of ladder beams of the stair is slidably coupled to the boom.
  • a lower end of at least one of the plurality of ladder beams of the stairs is slidably coupled to the arm frame by a roller.
  • the cab includes a hydraulic cylinder connected between the bottom of the cab and the boom.
  • the staircase of the present invention can be installed on a boom, an automatically adjusted driver's cab, and the like, because the upper end of the staircase has a pivot end, so that the staircase can follow the boom and the automatically adjusted cab. Exercise and move relative to each other to ensure the normal use of the stairs.
  • the pedal and the plurality of ladder beams on the same side can be rotatably connected by various means and components, the pedal can be automatically adjusted when the boom, the automatically adjusted cab, and the like are moved, and always with a plurality of ladder beams The plane where the upper end is located is kept parallel.
  • the plane where the upper ends of the plurality of ladder beams are located is generally set to a horizontal plane, and the pedals are also maintained at a horizontal level, which makes the use of the stairs more convenient and safe, and is convenient for the user to go up and down.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a prior art stairway when the boom is in a horizontal state
  • Figure 2 is a side elevational view of a prior art stairway when the boom is in a downwardly inclined state
  • Figure 3 is a side view of a prior art stairway when the boom is in an upwardly inclined state
  • Figure 4 is a side elevational view of another prior art stairway when the boom is horizontal;
  • Figure 5 is a side elevational view of another prior art stairway when the boom is in a downwardly inclined state
  • Figure 6 is a side elevational view of another prior art stairway when the boom is in an upwardly inclined state
  • Figure 7 is a side elevational view of the staircase of the automatically adjusted cab of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a side elevational view of the automatically adjusted cab of the present invention with the boom in a horizontal position;
  • Figure 9 is a side elevational view of the automatically adjusted cab of the present invention with the boom in a downwardly inclined state;
  • Figure 10 is a side elevational view of the self-adjusting cab of the cab of the present invention with the boom in an upwardly inclined state.
  • orientation words used are as "upper and lower” without being described to the contrary. Usually refers to the higher or lower position of the stairs in use.
  • an aspect of the present invention provides a stairway 10 including a step 1 and oppositely disposed side sills 2, wherein the two side sills 2 respectively include a plurality of parallel spaced apart a ladder beam 2a, the pedal 1 is horizontally disposed between the two side ladder beams 2, and two sides of the pedal 1 are rotatably connected to the plurality of ladder beams 2a on the same side, respectively
  • the upper ends of the plurality of ladder beams 2a are pivot ends and the plane in which they are located is parallel to the pedal 1.
  • the stair 10 of the present invention can be mounted on a boom, automatically adjusted cab, etc., because the upper end of the stair 10 has a pivoting end, so that the stair can follow the movement of the boom, the automatically adjusted cab, and the like.
  • the relative movement ensures the normal use of the stairs 10.
  • the pedal 1 and the plurality of ladder beams 2a on the same side can be rotatably connected by various means and components, the pedal 1 can be automatically adjusted when the boom, the automatically adjusted cab, and the like are moved, and always The plane in which the upper ends of the root beams 2a are located is kept parallel.
  • the plane on which the upper ends of the plurality of ladder beams 2a are located is generally set to a horizontal plane, and the pedals 1 are also maintained at a horizontal level, so that the use of the stairs 10 is more convenient and safe, and is convenient for the user to go up and down.
  • each side of the ladder beam 2 includes two ladders arranged in parallel.
  • the beam 2a allows the pedal 1 to be automatically adjusted to remain parallel to the plane in which the upper ends of the two risers 2a are located.
  • each side of the ladder beam 2 may also include three ladder beams 2a arranged in parallel, thereby reinforcing the connection strength between the pedal 1 and the three ladder beams 2a of the side ladder beams 2, so that the stairs The structure is firmer and the load capacity is larger.
  • the stairs 10 can be set to different lengths according to the needs of use.
  • the pedals 1 are a plurality of blocks, and the plurality of pedals 1 are spaced apart from each other in parallel.
  • the two side ladder beams 2 have corresponding lengths, so that the pedal 1 is based on the length of the two side ladder beams 2 and the pedal 1
  • the number of pedals 1 is determined by a suitable interval height, which is generally a plurality of blocks, so that the step height of the stairs 10 is suitable for the user to get up and down, and the comfort is better and the utility is higher. Since the plurality of pedals 1 are parallel to each other, it is possible to keep each of the pedals 1 parallel to the plane in which the upper ends of the plurality of ladder beams 2a are located, thereby making it more convenient for the user to use.
  • the plurality of pedals 2 are continuously spaced apart, preferably, the plurality of pedals 1 are evenly spaced apart.
  • the spacing between the plurality of pedals 1 i.e., the height of the spacing between adjacent pedals 1 is equal, and the user can walk at equal steps when going up and down the stairs 10, which is convenient, safe, and comfortable, and improves the utility of the stairs 10. .
  • the pedal 1 can be connected to the plurality of ladder beams 2a on the same side by various means and can be rotated, preferably, both sides of the pedal 1 are respectively hinged to the plurality of ladder beams 2a on the same side .
  • the pedal 1 can be hinged to the plurality of ladder beams 2a by a hinge, a hinge head or a ball head, etc., the connection is simple, convenient, and the structure is firm, and the pedal 1 is flexible to rotate and easy to install.
  • the rotational flexibility and the range of rotation of the pedal 1 are improved, and more preferably, the two sides of the pedal 1 are respectively associated with the plurality of ladder beams on the same side 2a ball articulated.
  • a plurality of ball heads are respectively disposed on two sides of the pedal 1, and a plurality of ball heads corresponding to the plurality of ball heads are respectively disposed on the plurality of ladder beams 2a, and the ball head is accommodated in the corresponding ball head seat and rotated therein
  • the ball joint is constructed such that the pedal 1 can be rotated correspondingly with the movement of the plurality of ladder beams 2a, thereby adjusting its own plane.
  • both sides of the pedal 1 are respectively passed through the pins with the plurality of ladder beams 2a on the same side.
  • Pins are respectively provided on both sides of the pedal 1, and the pins can be various types of pins, such as a split pin, and the pin and the pedal 1 can be integrally formed or welded.
  • the plurality of ladder beams 2a are formed with holes corresponding to the pin shafts, thereby realizing the rotational connection of the pedal 1 and the plurality of ladder beams 2a, so that the stepping of the pedal 1 and the plurality of ladder beams 2a is convenient, the assembly is simple, and the cost is low.
  • both sides of the pedal 1 are respectively positioned
  • the plurality of ladder beams 2a on the same side are connected by bearings.
  • the bearing can be a sliding bearing, a rolling bearing or a ball bearing, etc., so that the pedal 1 and the plurality of ladder beams 2a are rotatably connected, so that the friction between them is smaller and the rotation is more flexible.
  • the manner of various rotational connections between the pedal 1 and the plurality of ladder beams 2a can be used alone in a stair structure or in a combined manner in a stair structure, as long as it can be realized
  • the objects of the present invention are all applicable.
  • the stairway 10 further includes two armrests 3 disposed opposite each other, and the two armrests 3 are respectively disposed on the two side ladder beams 2.
  • the armrests 3 are correspondingly arranged on the two side ladder beams 2, so that the user can hold the handrails 3 when going up and down the stairs 10, especially when the height of the stairs 3 is high and the inclination is large, which is convenient for the user to go up and down. And to ensure the safety of the user.
  • the lower end of at least one of the plurality of ladder beams 2a is a sliding end.
  • the lower ends of the plurality of ladder beams 2a are generally disposed on the ground or the horizontal surface.
  • the stairs 10 move, the lower ends of the plurality of ladder beams 2a slide correspondingly on the ground or the horizontal surface, thereby adaptively adjusting the position and shape of the stairs 10, so that It is more convenient to use.
  • the lower end of at least one of the plurality of ladder beams 2a is provided with a roller 4.
  • the roller 4 can be set to only one (preferably at the lower end of the uppermost ladder beam 2a), or it can be set to a plurality of positions to facilitate the adjustment of the position and shape of the stairs.
  • another aspect of the present invention provides a cab 100 that is mounted on a boom 200 that includes a base coupled to the cab 100 and the arm A stairway 10 between the stands 200, wherein the stairway 10 is a stairway 10 as described above.
  • the cab 100 of the present invention is typically an automatically adjusted cab that can be automatically leveled as the boom 200 moves to ensure operator safety within the cab 100. Since the stair 10 is connected between the bottom of the cab 100 and the boom 200, when the boom 100 When the movement occurs and the cab 100 is correspondingly adjusted in position, the stair 10 can be correspondingly moved to automatically adjust its position and shape such that the stair 10 is still connected between the bottom of the cab 100 and the boom 200, and the stairs 10 The pedal 1 is kept parallel to the bottom surface of the cab 100, that is, the pedal 1 is maintained at a horizontal plane. Therefore, the operator of the cab 100 can easily get up and down through the stairs 10, and the safety is higher, and the upper and lower sides are more stable.
  • the upper ends of the plurality of ladder beams 2a of the ladder 10 are respectively hinged to the bottom of the cab 100. Since the pedal 1 of the stair 10 is required to be a horizontal plane, the face where the upper end of the plurality of ladder beams 2a of the stair 10 and the bottom of the cab 100 are located is a horizontal plane.
  • the plurality of ladders 2a can be rotated correspondingly, thereby automatically adjusting the position and shape of the stairs 10, and ensuring that the operator of the cab 100 can easily and comfortably climb up and down through the stairs 10.
  • the lower end of at least one of the plurality of ladder beams 2a of the stair 10 is slidably coupled to the boom 200.
  • the boom 200 is moved, in order to adjust the position and shape of the stairs 10 to be adapted to the cab 100 and the boom 200, the lower end of at least one of the plurality of ladder beams 2a of the stairs 10 slides on the boom 200, correspondingly Ground adjustment to ensure that the cab 100 is used normally, safely and comfortably.
  • the lower end is slidably coupled to the boom 200 by a roller 4.
  • the arrangement of the roller 4 reduces the friction between the plurality of ladder beams 2a and the boom 200, so that the movement of the stairs 10 is smooth, and no manual operation is required, which saves time and labor and is more practical.
  • the cab 100 Since the cab 100 is automatically adjustable to maintain a horizontal setting, as shown in FIGS. 8-10, preferably, the cab 100 includes a hydraulic cylinder 20 coupled to the bottom of the cab 100 and the arm Between 200. When the boom 200 moves, the cab 100 automatically adjusts its position by the hydraulic cylinder 20, so that the cab 100 is always level, facilitating the operation of the operator inside, and ensuring the safety of the operator.
  • the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. These simple variations are within the scope of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种楼梯(10),该楼梯(10)包括踏板(1)和相对设置的两侧梯梁(2),其中,所述两侧梯梁(2)分别包括平行间隔设置的多根梯梁(2a),所述踏板(1)水平设置在所述两侧梯梁(2)之间,并且所述踏板(1)的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁(2a)均可转动地连接,所述多根梯梁(2a)的上端为枢转端且所在的平面平行于所述踏板(1)。本发明还公开了一种具有该楼梯的司机室。该楼梯的踏板能够自动调整,并且保持水平,方便操作者上下司机室。

Description

楼梯和司机室
技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械, 具体地, 涉及一种楼梯和具有该楼梯的司机室。 背景技术
通常, 在装船机、 卸船机、 堆取料机、 起重机和集装箱桥等大型移动 设备上均设置有可以自动调整的司机室, 该司机室是各种设备的操作者的 工作场所, 用来保护司机免受环境的影响和保护操作者的安全。 自动调整 的司机室一般设置在大型移动设备的臂架上, 当大型移动设备的臂架发生 转动时, 自动调整的司机室能够通过液压缸相对于臂架移动, 从而使得司 机室始终保持水平, 从而便于操作者观察起重物或集装箱等的位置和进行 操作控制。
为了方便操作者进出司机室, 在司机室与臂架之间设置有楼梯。 通常, 楼梯的安装方式有两种:
1、楼梯 10以一定的倾斜角度固定支撑在臂架 200上(如图 1-3所示), 这种楼梯 10不能随着臂架 200的转动而对应调整与司机室 100的相对位置, 会造成楼梯 10与司机室 100的连接处脱离, 使得操作者不能容易地上下司 机室 100, 甚至带来安全隐患, 因而现在已经很少采用这种安装方式;
2、 楼梯 10上端与司机室 100的底部之间采用铰接, 楼梯 10下端与臂 架 200之间采用滑动连接 (如图 4-6所示), 司机室 100能够随着臂架 200 的转动而通过液压缸 30相对于臂架 200移动, 从而使得司机室 100始终保 持水平, 楼梯 10随着臂架 200的转动能够对应调整与司机室 100的相对位 置, 使得操作者能够方便地上下司机室 100。 由于第二种安装方式的可调整 性, 在现有的大型移动设备上, 楼梯一般采用此种安装方式。 虽然第二种安装形式的楼梯 10整体会随着臂架 200的转动而对应地调 整位置, 但是楼梯 10的踏板 1不能对应地调整自身的位置, 会导致踏板 1 与水平面之间形成一定夹角, 因而给操作人员上下司机室带来不便, 甚至 诱发安全隐患。
因此, 需要一种楼梯和具有该楼梯的司机室, 该楼梯的踏板能够自动 调整, 使得踏板随着臂架的转动始终保持水平。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种楼梯和具有该楼梯的司机室, 该楼梯的踏板 能够自动调整, 并且保持水平, 方便操作者上下司机室。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明的一方面提供一种楼梯, 该楼梯包括踏板 和相对设置的两侧梯梁, 其中, 所述两侧梯梁分别包括平行间隔设置的多 根梯梁, 所述踏板水平设置在所述两侧梯梁之间, 并且所述踏板的两侧分 别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁均可转动地连接, 所述多根梯梁的上端为枢 转端且所在的平面平行于所述踏板。
优选地, 所述两侧梯梁分别包括平行间隔设置的两根梯梁。
优选地, 所述踏板为多块, 所述多块踏板相互平行地间隔设置。
优选地, 所述多块踏板均匀地间隔设置。
优选地, 所述踏板的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁铰接。
优选地, 所述踏板的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁球铰接。 优选地, 所述踏板的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁通过销轴连 接。
优选地, 所述踏板的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁通过轴承连 接。
优选地, 所述楼梯还包括相对设置的两个扶手, 该两个扶手分别设置 在所述两侧梯梁上。 优选地, 所述多根梯梁中的至少一根的下端为滑动端。
优选地, 所述多根梯梁中的至少一根的下端设置有滚轮。
本发明的另一方面提供一种司机室, 该司机室安装在臂架上, 该司机 室包括连接在所述司机室的底部和所述臂架之间的楼梯, 其中, 所述楼梯 为上面所述的楼梯。
优选地, 所述楼梯的多根梯梁的上端分别与所述司机室的底部铰接。 优选地, 所述楼梯的多根梯梁中的至少一根的下端与所述臂架滑动连 接。
优选地, 所述楼梯的多根梯梁中的至少一根的下端通过滚轮与所述臂 架滑动连接。
优选地, 所述司机室包括液压缸, 该液压缸连接在所述司机室的底部 和所述臂架之间。
通过上述技术方案, 本发明的楼梯可以安装在臂架、 自动调整的司机 室等会发生运动的装置上, 由于楼梯的上端具有枢转端, 从而楼梯能够随 着臂架、 自动调整的司机室等的运动而相对运动, 保证楼梯正常使用。 另 外, 由于踏板与位于同侧的多根梯梁可以通过各种方式和部件转动连接, 使得在臂架、 自动调整的司机室等发生运动时, 踏板能够自动调整, 并且 始终与多根梯梁的上端所在的平面保持平行。 因此, 在使用状态下, 多根 梯梁的上端所在的平面一般设置为水平面, 则踏板也相应地保持为水平面, 使得楼梯的使用更方便、 安全, 方便使用者上下。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1 是现有技术的一种安装方式的楼梯在臂架处于水平状态时的侧视 图;
图 2是现有技术的一种安装方式的楼梯在臂架处于向下倾斜的状态时 的侧视图;
图 3 是现有技术的一种安装方式的楼梯在臂架处于向上倾斜的状态时 的侧视图;
图 4是现有技术的另一种安装方式的楼梯在臂架处于水平状态时的侧 视图;
图 5 是现有技术的另一种安装方式的楼梯在臂架处于向下倾斜的状态 时的侧视图;
图 6是现有技术的另一种安装方式的楼梯在臂架处于向上倾斜的状态 时的侧视图;
图 7是本发明的自动调整的司机室的楼梯的侧视图;
图 8是本发明的自动调整的司机室的楼梯在臂架处于水平状态时的侧 视图;
图 9是本发明的自动调整的司机室的楼梯在臂架处于向下倾斜的状态 时的侧视图;
图 10是本发明的自动调整的司机室的楼梯在臂架处于向上倾斜的状态 时的侧视图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发 明。
在本发明中, 在未作相反说明的情况下, 使用的方位词如 "上、 下" 通常是指楼梯在使用状态下的较高位置或较低位置。
如图 7所示, 本发明的一方面提供一种楼梯 10, 该楼梯 10包括踏板 1 和相对设置的两侧梯梁 2, 其中, 所述两侧梯梁 2分别包括平行间隔设置的 多根梯梁 2a, 所述踏板 1水平设置在所述两侧梯梁 2之间, 并且所述踏板 1的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁 2a均可转动地连接, 所述多根梯 梁 2a的上端为枢转端且所在的平面平行于所述踏板 1。
本发明的楼梯 10可以安装在臂架、 自动调整的司机室等会发生运动的 装置上, 由于楼梯 10的上端具有枢转端, 从而楼梯能够随着臂架、 自动调 整的司机室等的运动而相对运动, 保证楼梯 10正常使用。 另外, 由于踏板 1与位于同侧的多根梯梁 2a可以通过各种方式和部件转动连接, 使得在臂 架、 自动调整的司机室等发生运动时, 踏板 1 能够自动调整, 并且始终与 多根梯梁 2a的上端所在的平面保持平行。 因此, 在使用状态下, 多根梯梁 2a的上端所在的平面一般设置为水平面,则踏板 1也相应地保持为水平面, 使得楼梯 10的使用更方便、 安全, 方便使用者上下。
由于楼梯 10 的两侧均可以设置两根以上的梯梁 2a, 从而连接在梯梁 2a之间的踏板 2能够随着梯梁 2a的运动而转动, 如图 7所示, 优选地, 所 述两侧梯梁 2分别包括平行间隔设置的两根梯梁 2a。 由于从加工工艺和实 际运用来说, 三点及三点以上在制造时比较不容易共线, 所以为了容易、 方便地实现踏板 1的转动, 每侧梯梁 2包括平行间隔设置的两根梯梁 2a, 使得踏板 1能够自动调整, 保持与两根梯梁 2a的上端所在的平面平行。
另外, 为了加强楼梯 10的结构强度, 每侧梯梁 2也可以包括平行间隔 设置的三根梯梁 2a,从而加强踏板 1与两侧梯梁 2的三根梯梁 2a之间的连 接强度, 使得楼梯结构更牢固, 承载量更大。
楼梯 10可以根据使用需要设置为不同的长度, 如图 7所示, 优选地, 所述踏板 1为多块, 所述多块踏板 1相互平行地间隔设置。 根据使用需要, 两侧梯梁 2具有相应的长度, 从而踏板 1根据两侧梯梁 2的长度和踏板 1 之间合适的间隔高度而确定踏板 1的数量, 一般为多块, 使得楼梯 10的阶 梯高度合适, 方便使用者上下, 并且舒适度更好, 实用性更高。 由于多块 踏板 1相互平行, 因此能够保持每块踏板 1均与多根梯梁 2a的上端所在的 平面平行, 从而使用者使用更方便。
由于多块踏板 2连续地间隔设置, 优选地, 所述多块踏板 1均匀地间 隔设置。 多块踏板 1之间的间距 (即相邻踏板 1之间的间隔高度) 相等, 使用者在上下楼梯 10时能够以相等的步伐行走, 使用方便、 安全和舒适, 提高了楼梯 10的实用性。
由于踏板 1可以通过各种方式与位于同侧的多根梯梁 2a连接, 并且使 其能够转动, 优选地, 所述踏板 1 的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁 2a铰接。 根据本发明的一种实施方式, 踏板 1可以通过铰链、 铰接头或者 球头等与多根梯梁 2a铰接, 连接简单、 方便, 结构牢固, 并且踏板 1转动 灵活, 安装方便。
为了加强踏板 1和多根梯梁 2a之间的连接强度, 提高踏板 1的转动灵 活性和转动范围, 更优选地, 所述踏板 1 的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多 根梯梁 2a球铰接。在踏板 1的两侧分别设置多个球头,在多根梯梁 2a上分 别设置与多个球头相对应的多个球头座, 球头容纳在对应的球头座内并且 在其中转动, 从而构成球铰接, 使得踏板 1能够随着多根梯梁 2a的运动而 相应转动, 进而调整自身的平面。
为了简化踏板 1和多根梯梁 2a之间的连接, 根据本发明的另一种实施 方式, 优选地, 所述踏板 1的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁 2a通过 销轴连接。 在踏板 1 的两侧分别设置有销轴, 该销轴可以为各种形式的销 轴, 例如开口销, 销轴与踏板 1可以一体形成或焊接等。 多根梯梁 2a上形 成有与销轴对应的孔, 从而实现踏板 1和多根梯梁 2a的转动连接, 使得踏 板 1和多根梯梁 2a的加工方便, 装配简单, 成本较低。
根据本发明的再一种实施方式, 优选地, 所述踏板 1 的两侧分别与位 于同侧的所述多根梯梁 2a通过轴承连接。 轴承可以采用滑动轴承、 滚动轴 承或者球轴承等, 使得踏板 1和多根梯梁 2a转动连接, 从而它们之间的摩 擦更小, 转动更灵活。
如上所述, 踏板 1和多根梯梁 2a之间的各种转动连接的方式, 它们可 以单独用于一种楼梯结构中, 也可以以组合的方式用于一种楼梯结构中, 只要能够实现本发明的目的均可。
为了方便使用者上下楼梯, 如图 8-10所示, 优选地, 所述楼梯 10还包 括相对设置的两个扶手 3, 该两个扶手 3分别设置在所述两侧梯梁 2上。两 侧梯梁 2上对应地设置有扶手 3, 使得使用者上下楼梯 10时可以扶住扶手 3,特别是在楼梯 3高度较高、倾斜度较大的情况下,方便了使用者的上下, 并且保证了使用者的安全。
由于楼梯 10大多数情况下会发生运动, 优选地, 所述多根梯梁 2a中 的至少一根的下端为滑动端。 多根梯梁 2a的下端一般设置在地面或者水平 面上, 当楼梯 10发生运动时, 多根梯梁 2a的下端在地面或者水平面上相 应地滑动, 从而适应地调整楼梯 10的位置和形状, 使其使用更方便。
为了减小滑动端与地面或者水平面之间的摩擦, 如图 7所示, 优选地, 所述多根梯梁 2a中的至少一根的下端设置有滚轮 4。 当楼梯 10运动时, 多 根梯梁 2a的下端通过滚轮 4自动滑动, 不需要人工的操作和控制, 并且摩 擦力较小, 滑动顺利。 滚轮 4可以只设置一个 (最好设置在最上端的梯梁 2a的下端), 也可以设置为多个, 方便楼梯 10位置和形状的调整均可。
如图 8-10所示,本发明的另一方面提供一种司机室 100,该司机室 100 安装在臂架 200上, 该司机室 100包括连接在所述司机室 100的底部和所 述臂架 200之间的楼梯 10, 其中, 所述楼梯 10为上面所述的楼梯 10。
本发明的司机室 100通常为自动调整的司机室, 司机室 100可以随着 臂架 200的运动而自动调整为水平, 从而保证司机室 100内部的操作人员 的安全。由于楼梯 10连接在司机室 100的底部和臂架 200之间,当臂架 100 发生运动并且司机室 100相对应地调整位置时, 楼梯 10能够相对应地发生 运动而自动调整其位置和形状, 使得楼梯 10依然连接在司机室 100的底部 和臂架 200之间, 并且楼梯 10的踏板 1与司机室 100的底面保持平行, 即 踏板 1保持为水平面。 因此, 司机室 100的操作人员能够通过楼梯 10方便 地上下, 并且安全性更高, 上下更平稳。
为了方便楼梯 10随着司机室 100运动, 如图 7所示, 优选地, 所述楼 梯 10的多根梯梁 2a的上端分别与所述司机室 100的底部铰接。 由于需要 保持楼梯 10的踏板 1为水平面, 从而楼梯 10的多根梯梁 2a的上端与司机 室 100的底部的铰接点所在的面为水平面。 当司机室 100运动时, 多根梯 梁 2a可以相对应地转动, 从而自动调整楼梯 10的位置和形状, 保证司机 室 100的操作人员通过楼梯 10方便、 舒适地上下。
为了方便楼梯 10随着臂架 200的运动而运动, 优选地, 所述楼梯 10 的多根梯梁 2a中的至少一根的下端与所述臂架 200滑动连接。 当臂架 200 运动时,为了调整楼梯 10的位置和形状使其适应于司机室 100和臂架 200, 楼梯 10的多根梯梁 2a的至少一根的下端在臂架 200上滑动, 作出相应地 调整, 从而保证司机室 100正常、 安全、 舒适地使用。
为了方便楼梯 10的多根梯梁 2a中的至少一根的下端在臂架 200上滑 动, 如图 8-10所示, 优选地, 所述楼梯 10的多根梯梁 2a中的至少一根的 下端通过滚轮 4与所述臂架 200滑动连接。 滚轮 4的设置减小了多根梯梁 2a与臂架 200之间的摩擦, 使得楼梯 10的运动平稳, 并且不需要借助人工 的操作, 省时省力, 实用性更强。
由于司机室 100可自动调整而保持水平设置,如图 8-10所示,优选地, 所述司机室 100包括液压缸 20,该液压缸 20连接在所述司机室 100的底部 和所述臂架 200之间。 当臂架 200发生运动时, 司机室 100通过液压缸 20 自动调整其位置, 使得司机室 100始终保持水平, 方便其内部的操作人员 的操作, 并且保证了操作人员的安全。 以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合, 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种楼梯 (10), 该楼梯 (10) 包括踏板 (1 ) 和相对设置的两侧梯 梁 (2), 其特征在于, 所述两侧梯梁 (2) 分别包括平行间隔设置的多根梯 梁 (2a), 所述踏板 (1 ) 水平设置在所述两侧梯梁 (2) 之间, 并且所述踏 板 (1 ) 的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁 (2a) 均可转动地连接, 所 述多根梯梁 (2a) 的上端为枢转端且所在的平面平行于所述踏板 (1 )。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的楼梯(10), 其特征在于, 所述两侧梯梁(2) 分别包括平行间隔设置的两根梯梁 (2a)。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的楼梯 (10), 其特征在于, 所述踏板 (1 ) 为 多块, 所述多块踏板 (1 ) 相互平行地间隔设置。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的楼梯(10), 其特征在于, 所述多块踏板(1 ) 均匀地间隔设置。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4中任意一项所述的楼梯(10), 其特征在于, 所述 踏板 (1 ) 的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁 (2a) 铰接。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的楼梯 (10), 其特征在于, 所述踏板 (1 ) 的 两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁 (2a) 球铰接。
7、 根据权利要求 1-4中任意一项所述的楼梯(10), 其特征在于, 所述 踏板 (1 ) 的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁 (2a) 通过销轴连接。
8、 根据权利要求 1-4中任意一项所述的楼梯(10), 其特征在于, 所述 踏板 (1 ) 的两侧分别与位于同侧的所述多根梯梁 (2a) 通过轴承连接。
9、 根据权利要求 1 所述的楼梯 (10), 其特征在于, 该楼梯 (10) 还 包括相对设置的两个扶手 (3 ), 该两个扶手 (3 ) 分别设置在所述两侧梯梁 (2) 上。
10、根据权利要求 1所述的楼梯(10),其特征在于,所述多根梯梁(2a) 中的至少一根的下端为滑动端。
11、 根据权利要求 11 所述的楼梯 (10), 其特征在于, 所述多根梯梁
(2a) 中的至少一根的下端设置有滚轮 (4)。
12、 一种司机室 (100), 该司机室 (100 ) 安装在臂架 (200 ) 上, 该 司机室 (100) 包括连接在所述司机室 (100) 的底部和所述臂架 (200) 之 间的楼梯(10), 其特征在于, 所述楼梯(10 )为根据权利要求 1-11中任意 一项所述的楼梯 (10)。
13、根据权利要求 12所述的司机室(100),其特征在于,所述楼梯(10) 的多根梯梁 (2a) 的上端分别与所述司机室 (100) 的底部铰接。
14、根据权利要求 12所述的司机室(100),其特征在于,所述楼梯(10) 的多根梯梁 (2a) 中的至少一根的下端与所述臂架 (200) 滑动连接。
15、根据权利要求 14所述的司机室(100),其特征在于,所述楼梯(10) 的多根梯梁 (2a) 中的至少一根的下端通过滚轮 (4 ) 与所述臂架 (200 ) 滑动连接。
16、根据权利要求 12所述的司机室(100),其特征在于,该司机室(100) 包括液压缸 (20), 该液压缸 (20) 连接在所述司机室 (100) 的底部和所 述臂架 (200) 之间。
PCT/CN2011/079436 2011-09-07 2011-09-07 楼梯和司机室 WO2013033896A1 (zh)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07330269A (ja) * 1994-06-07 1995-12-19 Hitachi Building Syst Eng & Service Co Ltd エスカレータの仮設階段
JP2000191265A (ja) * 1998-12-25 2000-07-11 Hitachi Ltd 通路設備
CN2419190Y (zh) * 2000-03-03 2001-02-14 李一兵 连体双向自动扶梯
CN201128985Y (zh) * 2007-10-31 2008-10-08 范一兵 可转换为滑梯的楼梯
CN201288399Y (zh) * 2008-06-18 2009-08-12 张宏俊 一种可预制折向装配式楼梯

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07330269A (ja) * 1994-06-07 1995-12-19 Hitachi Building Syst Eng & Service Co Ltd エスカレータの仮設階段
JP2000191265A (ja) * 1998-12-25 2000-07-11 Hitachi Ltd 通路設備
CN2419190Y (zh) * 2000-03-03 2001-02-14 李一兵 连体双向自动扶梯
CN201128985Y (zh) * 2007-10-31 2008-10-08 范一兵 可转换为滑梯的楼梯
CN201288399Y (zh) * 2008-06-18 2009-08-12 张宏俊 一种可预制折向装配式楼梯

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