WO2013031955A1 - ガス吸着分離装置 - Google Patents
ガス吸着分離装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013031955A1 WO2013031955A1 PCT/JP2012/072175 JP2012072175W WO2013031955A1 WO 2013031955 A1 WO2013031955 A1 WO 2013031955A1 JP 2012072175 W JP2012072175 W JP 2012072175W WO 2013031955 A1 WO2013031955 A1 WO 2013031955A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0431—Beds with radial gas flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/104—Alumina
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/403—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using three beds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
- B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0462—Temperature swing adsorption
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas adsorption separation apparatus for adsorbing and separating a specific gas component from a mixed gas by a pressure swing adsorption method or the like.
- the pressure swing adsorption method Pressure Swing Adsorption method
- PSA method Pressure Swing Adsorption method
- an adsorbent having a high adsorbing power for one or more gas components in a mixed gas is brought into contact with the mixed gas, the gas component is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the other gas components are concentrated.
- the adsorbed gas component is desorbed from the adsorbent by lowering the pressure in the tank and separated.
- the pressure swing adsorption method is used in various fields as a method for separating a mixed gas.
- This pressure swing adsorption method is usually often used as a method for producing a high purity gas by separating a specific gas component from a mixed gas.
- Examples of the high purity gas that is adsorbed and separated (manufactured) from the mixed gas by the pressure swing adsorption method include hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide.
- the pressure swing adsorption method is used, and air is used as a raw material to adsorb nitrogen to the adsorbent to produce high-purity oxygen.
- an X-type zeolite ion-exchanged with calcium as an adsorbent has been used.
- an X-type zeolite ion-exchanged with lithium having a high adsorption performance for nitrogen has come to be used. I came.
- hydrogen from a mixed gas containing about 50 to 80 vol% of hydrogen, for example, hydrocarbons and alcohols in the petrochemical industry, cracked gas of ethers, reformed gas, coke oven gas in the steel industry, etc.
- a pressure swing adsorption method using A-type zeolite as the adsorbent is employed.
- chemical raw materials and carbon dioxide for dry ice are produced by pressure swing adsorption method using boiler exhaust gas and combustion exhaust gas as raw materials.
- an activated carbon-based adsorbent or a Y-type zeolite-based adsorbent is used.
- carbon monoxide for chemical raw materials is manufactured by pressure swing adsorption method using converter gas from the steel industry as a raw material.
- a zeolite-based adsorbent or a copper (I) / alumina-based adsorbent is used.
- gas separation systems based on various pressure swing adsorption methods have been developed and operated according to the type of gas and the characteristics of the adsorbent, and the most important part is the pressure swing of the gas adsorption separation device.
- the method for recovering the adsorbed gas is usually composed of the following three steps (1) to (3).
- Adsorption process for introducing gas into the adsorption tower and adsorbing the gas to the adsorbent
- an adsorption process is performed at a pressure of about 50 to 100 kPa, then high-purity carbon dioxide gas is introduced at atmospheric pressure to drive out unnecessary gas, and finally a vacuum is applied. It is possible to obtain high-purity carbon dioxide gas under reduced pressure. High-purity carbon dioxide gas necessary for the washing process is supplied from an adsorption tower that performs the desorption process.
- the structure of the conventional gas adsorption separation device is roughly divided into a cylindrical type and a pillow type.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus having a cylindrical tower structure introduces a raw material gas composed of a mixed gas from below, and adsorbs the gas component to the adsorbent filled in the gas adsorption unit. Structure.
- the layer height of the gas adsorbing portion increases, and the pressure loss when the gas passes is increased.
- FIG. 10B a pillow-type shape is adopted in a low-pressure large-sized apparatus in which pressure loss is a problem.
- This pillow-type gas adsorption / separation device can cope with an increase in the size of the pillow by increasing the length of the pillow, so the layer height of the gas adsorption part can be kept low, and operation with low pressure loss is possible. It is.
- the adsorbent filling rate (volume ratio) relative to the volume cannot be increased. There is a disadvantage that does not increase.
- Patent Document 1 proposes filling an adsorbent in an annular shape in a cylindrical gas separation device.
- the gas dispersion plate area is increased by reducing the pressure loss by making the adsorbent filling structure annular.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for recovering hydrogen from a mixed gas by the RPSA method. This method divides the adsorption layer in the adsorption tower, introduces mixed gas from one outside the adsorption layer, adsorbs unnecessary gas components to the adsorption layer, and removes unnecessary gas components from the area between the adsorption layers. In addition to collecting the high purity gas, the high purity gas is introduced into the other adsorption layer to desorb unnecessary components adsorbed in the adsorption layer, and the unnecessary gas components are removed from the other side of the adsorbent. It is a method of releasing out of the system.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 show a method of dividing the adsorption layer.
- Patent Document 3 describes a method conceived for removing moisture and carbon dioxide for pretreatment of the pressure swing method.
- Patent Document 2 The method described in Patent Document 2 is effective for separating a gas that is difficult to adsorb such as hydrogen, but is difficult to apply to a gas that is easily adsorbed such as carbon dioxide gas. Further, in this method, since the operation is performed only by the differential pressure between the two adsorbing layers, the method is applied to a separation that requires a differential pressure of several tens to several hundred kPa, such as the carbon dioxide separation described above. I can't.
- the adsorption layer is divided and the pressure loss due to the adsorption layer is reduced to increase the volume efficiency.
- the structure is for removing impurities in the gas, and carbon dioxide gas Thus, the adsorbed gas cannot be recovered with high purity.
- Patent Document 4 has a feature that the unit can be divided and transferred, since the entire structure is a quadrangle, it is several tens to It is difficult to apply a pressure of several hundred kPa inside.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and the object thereof is to solve the problems of the prior art, and can be applied to the adsorption separation of carbon dioxide gas from a mixed gas without any problem, and even if the apparatus is enlarged.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a gas adsorption separation device that can increase the adsorbent filling rate with respect to the volume and can be obtained at a low cost with a simple structure.
- a gas adsorption separation apparatus adsorbs one or more gas components in a mixed gas by allowing the mixed gas to pass through and contacting the adsorbent.
- a gas adsorption separation apparatus comprising a plurality of adsorbing tanks, wherein an adsorption process and a desorption process, or an adsorption process, a washing process, and a desorption process are alternately performed in each of the adsorption tanks.
- the region constitutes a gas adsorption region, and the outermost region adjacent to each gas adsorption region constitutes an off-gas outflow region.
- a gas adsorption separation apparatus comprises a plurality of adsorption tanks for allowing a mixed gas to pass through and contacting an adsorbent and adsorbing one or more gas components in the mixed gas.
- a gas adsorption separation device that alternately performs an adsorption process and a desorption process, or an adsorption process, a washing process, and a desorption process.
- Each adsorption tank is a pillow type, and the inside of the adsorption tank is in the height direction. It is divided into five parallel regions, and among these regions, the central region constitutes the gas inflow region, and the upper and lower regions adjacent to the gas inflow region constitute the gas adsorption region, An adjacent outermost region constitutes an off-gas outflow region.
- a gas adsorption separation apparatus includes a plurality of adsorption tanks that allow a mixed gas to pass through and contact with an adsorbent and adsorb one or more gas components in the mixed gas.
- a gas adsorption separation device that alternately performs an adsorption process and a desorption process, or an adsorption process, a washing process, and a desorption process.
- Each adsorption tank is a pillow type, and the interior of the adsorption tank is parallel in the horizontal direction.
- the central region constitutes the gas inflow region
- the regions on both sides adjacent to the gas inflow region constitute the gas adsorption region, and each is adjacent to the gas adsorption region.
- adjacent regions are partitioned by a partition wall through which gas can be passed, and the gas inflow region and the off-gas outflow region are separated from the gas adsorption region through the partition wall. It is a space part through which gas enters and exits.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to the adsorption separation of carbon dioxide gas from a mixed gas without problems, and even if the apparatus is enlarged, the adsorbent filling rate with respect to the volume can be increased. Compactness and improved efficiency can be achieved.
- the adsorbent layer thickness is divided into two, the thickness of each adsorbent layer can be reduced, so that pressure loss can be reduced and the time required for adsorption and desorption can be shortened. Further, it can be obtained at a low cost with a simple structure.
- the adsorption tank is a vertical cylinder type or a pillow type, and the width of the adsorption device decreases from the gas inflow region to the gas outflow region of the mixed gas. Since the linear velocity of the gas does not decrease, an excellent effect that the time required for adsorption can be further shortened is obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of the gas adsorption separation apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing one adsorption tank constituting the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing another embodiment of the gas adsorption separation apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a side view schematically showing one adsorption tank constituting the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing another embodiment of the gas adsorption separation apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of the gas adsorption separation apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing one adsorption tank constituting the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the gas
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing one adsorption tank constituting the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a horizontal sectional view of the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of volume utilization ratio and the like between the device according to the present invention and the device according to the prior art.
- FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of volume utilization ratio and the like between the device according to the present invention and the prior art device.
- FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram schematically showing a conventional gas separation device.
- FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram schematically showing a conventional gas separation device.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus of the present invention comprises a plurality of adsorption tanks, that is, adsorption towers, through which a mixed gas is passed and brought into contact with an adsorbent to adsorb one or more gas components in the mixed gas. Further, this gas adsorption separation apparatus causes a plurality of adsorption tanks to alternately perform an adsorption process and a desorption process, or an adsorption process, a cleaning process, and a desorption process.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a gas adsorption separation device according to a first embodiment of the first invention of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing one adsorption tank, that is, an adsorption tower, constituting the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the adsorption tank shown in FIG.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus includes three adsorption tanks x 1 to x 3 , and the three adsorption tanks x 1 to x 3 are respectively provided with an adsorption process, a cleaning process, and a desorption process. Are alternately performed in this order.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus may include two adsorption tanks, and cause the two adsorption tanks to alternately perform an adsorption process and a desorption process, that is, do not perform a cleaning process.
- Each adsorption tank x has a vertical cylindrical shape, and the inside of the adsorption tank x is partitioned into five regions arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. Of these five regions, the central region constitutes the gas inflow region A, the regions on both sides adjacent to the gas inflow region A constitute the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 , and these gas adsorption regions B 1. , B 2 , the outermost regions adjacent to each other constitute off-gas outflow regions C 1 , C 2 .
- the cross-sectional shape in the radial direction of the adsorption tank x may be elliptical.
- a partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate provided along the cylinder axis direction of the adsorption tank x to partition each region allows gas to pass while holding the granular adsorbent in the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 .
- it is composed of a perforated plate such as a wire mesh having small holes that can be formed on the entire surface.
- the partition wall 1 partitions the inside of the adsorption tank x in a straight line to form each region.
- the gas inflow region A and the off gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 are spaces through which the gas enters and exits through the partition wall 1 between the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 .
- a gas supply pipe 2 for supplying a mixed gas is connected to the gas inflow region A. Further, a gas discharge pipe 3 for discharging a concentrated gas, which is a gas after a part of the mixed gas is adsorbed and separated, is connected to each of the off-gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 .
- the supply position of the mixed gas by the gas supply pipe 2 is arbitrary. For example, from one or both of the side surface of the gas inflow region A, that is, one or more portions on the side of the adsorption tank x, and the end portion of the gas inflow region A, that is, one or more portions on the upper and lower surfaces of the adsorption tank x.
- a mixed gas can be supplied.
- the gas inflow region A may be provided with a dispersion nozzle that can uniformly supply the mixed gas over the entire region.
- the adsorption vessel x 1 in the adsorption step mixed gas is introduced into the gas inflow region A through the gas supply pipe 2.
- the mixed gas introduced into the gas inflow region A flows into the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, where specific gas components in the mixed gas according to the characteristics of the adsorbent. Is adsorbed and non-adsorbed components are concentrated in the gas phase.
- the concentrated gas flows out to the outermost off-gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, and is then discharged through the gas discharge pipe 3.
- adsorption vessel x 2 in the washing process part of the high purity of the suction gas desorbed in the adsorption vessel x 3 in the desorption step is fed to the gas inflow region A as the cleaning gas.
- the cleaning gas flows from the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 to the off gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, so that the impurity gas in the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 flows into the off gas outflow region.
- the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 are cleaned by being driven out by C 1 and C 2 .
- the cleaning offgas that has flowed into the offgas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 is discharged through the gas discharge pipe 3.
- adsorption vessel x 3 in the desorption step reducing the pressure in the tank by the vacuum pump 4, the adsorbed gas is desorbed from the adsorbent to recover a highly purified gas. Further, as described above, a part thereof is supplied as a cleaning gas to the adsorption tank in the cleaning process.
- the pressure in the adsorption process and the desorption process may be set so that the desorption pressure is lower than the adsorption pressure. Therefore, for example, the adsorption pressure may be atmospheric pressure and the desorption pressure may be vacuum, or the adsorption pressure may be increased and the desorption pressure may be atmospheric pressure or vacuum.
- the high purity gas can be continuously produced from the mixed gas by sequentially performing the three steps at regular intervals.
- FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing a gas adsorption separation device according to a second embodiment of the second invention of the present application.
- FIG. 5 is a side view schematically showing one adsorption tank constituting the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus also includes three adsorption tanks x 1 to x 3 , and these three adsorption tanks x 1 to x 3 are subjected to an adsorption process, a washing process, and a desorption process. This is performed alternately in this order.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus may include two adsorption tanks, and cause the two adsorption tanks to alternately perform an adsorption process and a desorption process, that is, do not perform a cleaning process.
- Each adsorption tank x has a pillow shape, and the inside of the adsorption tank x is partitioned into five regions arranged in parallel in the height direction, that is, the vertical direction. Of these five regions, the central region constitutes a gas inflow region A, and upper and lower regions adjacent to the gas inflow region A constitute gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 , and these gas adsorption regions B 1. , B 2 , the outermost regions adjacent to each other constitute off-gas outflow regions C 1 , C 2 .
- the pillow-shaped adsorption tank x is a horizontal cylindrical type, and refers to an adsorption tank having a shape in which both ends of the cylinder have spherical roundness.
- the cross-sectional shape in the radial direction of the adsorption tank x may be elliptical.
- a partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate provided in the horizontal direction in the adsorption tank x to partition each region allows gas to pass while holding the granular adsorbent in the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 .
- it is composed of a perforated plate such as a wire mesh having small holes that can be formed on the entire surface.
- the partition wall 1 partitions the inside of the adsorption tank x in a straight line to form each region.
- the gas inflow region A and the off gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 are space portions through which gas enters and exits through the partition wall 1 between the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 .
- a gas supply pipe 2 for supplying a mixed gas is connected to the gas inflow region A. Further, a gas discharge pipe 3 for discharging a concentrated gas, which is a gas after a part of the mixed gas is adsorbed and separated, is connected to each of the off-gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 .
- the supply position of the mixed gas by the gas supply pipe 2 is arbitrary.
- the gas inflow region A may be provided with a dispersion nozzle that can uniformly supply the mixed gas over the entire region.
- the adsorption vessel x 1 in the adsorption step mixed gas is introduced into the gas inflow region A through the gas supply pipe 2.
- the mixed gas introduced into the gas inflow region A flows into the upper and lower gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, where a specific gas in the mixed gas is selected according to the characteristics of the adsorbent.
- Gas components are adsorbed and non-adsorbed components are concentrated in the gas phase.
- the concentrated gas flows out to the outermost off-gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 positioned above and below through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, and is then discharged through the gas discharge pipe 3.
- adsorption vessel x 2 in the washing process part of the high purity of the suction gas desorbed in the adsorption vessel x 3 in the desorption step is fed to the gas inflow region A as the cleaning gas.
- the cleaning gas flows from the upper and lower gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 to the off gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, so that the impurity gas in the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 is turned off.
- the gas adsorbing areas B 1 and B 2 are cleaned by being expelled to the outflow areas C 1 and C 2 .
- the cleaning offgas that has flowed into the offgas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 is discharged through the gas discharge pipe 3.
- adsorption vessel x 3 in the desorption step reducing the pressure in the tank by the vacuum pump 4, the adsorbed gas is desorbed from the adsorbent to recover a highly purified gas. Further, as described above, a part thereof is supplied as a cleaning gas to the adsorption tank in the cleaning process.
- the pressure in the adsorption process and the desorption process may be set so that the desorption pressure is lower than the adsorption pressure. Therefore, for example, the adsorption pressure may be atmospheric pressure and the desorption pressure may be vacuum, or the adsorption pressure may be increased and the desorption pressure may be atmospheric pressure or vacuum.
- the high purity gas can be continuously produced from the mixed gas by sequentially performing the three steps at regular intervals.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a gas adsorption separation device according to a third embodiment of the third invention of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing one adsorption tank, that is, an adsorption tower, constituting the gas adsorption separation apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a horizontal sectional view of the adsorption tank shown in FIG.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus also includes three adsorption tanks x 1 to x 3 , and these three adsorption tanks x 1 to x 3 are subjected to an adsorption process, a washing process, and a desorption process. This is performed alternately in this order.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus may include two adsorption tanks, and cause the two adsorption tanks to alternately perform an adsorption process and a desorption process, that is, do not perform a cleaning process.
- Each adsorption tank x is a pillow type, and the inside of the adsorption tank x is partitioned into five regions arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. Of these five regions, the central region constitutes the gas inflow region A, the regions on both sides adjacent to the gas inflow region A constitute the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 , and these gas adsorption regions B 1. , B 2 , the outermost regions adjacent to each other constitute off-gas outflow regions C 1 , C 2 .
- the pillow-shaped adsorption tank x refers to a horizontal cylindrical type, and has a shape in which both ends of the cylinder have a spherical round shape.
- the cross-sectional shape in the radial direction of the adsorption tank x may be elliptical.
- a partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate provided in the horizontal direction in the adsorption tank x to partition each region allows gas to pass while holding the granular adsorbent in the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 .
- it is composed of a perforated plate such as a wire mesh having small holes that can be formed on the entire surface.
- the partition wall 1 linearly partitions the inside of the adsorption tank x to form each region.
- the gas inflow region A and the off gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 are spaces through which the gas enters and exits through the partition wall 1 between the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 .
- a gas supply pipe 2 for supplying a mixed gas is connected to the gas inflow region A. Further, a gas discharge pipe 3 for discharging a concentrated gas, which is a gas after a part of the mixed gas is adsorbed and separated, is connected to each of the off-gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 .
- the supply position of the mixed gas by the gas supply pipe 2 is arbitrary.
- the gas inflow region A may be provided with a dispersion nozzle that can uniformly supply the mixed gas over the entire region.
- the adsorption vessel x 1 in the adsorption step mixed gas is introduced into the gas inflow region A through the gas supply pipe 2.
- the mixed gas introduced into the gas inflow region A flows into the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 on both sides through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, where a specific gas in the mixed gas is selected according to the characteristics of the adsorbent.
- Gas components are adsorbed and non-adsorbed components are concentrated in the gas phase.
- the concentrated gas flows into the outermost off-gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 located on the left and right through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, and is then discharged through the gas discharge pipe 3.
- adsorption vessel x 2 in the washing process part of the high purity of the suction gas desorbed in the adsorption vessel x 3 in the desorption step is fed to the gas inflow region A as the cleaning gas.
- the cleaning gas flows from the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 on both sides to the off gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 through the partition wall 1 made of a dispersion plate, so that the impurity gas in the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 is turned off.
- the gas adsorbing areas B 1 and B 2 are cleaned by being expelled to the outflow areas C 1 and C 2 .
- the cleaning offgas that has flowed into the offgas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 is discharged through the gas discharge pipe 3.
- adsorption vessel x 3 in the desorption step reducing the pressure in the tank by the vacuum pump 4, the adsorbed gas is desorbed from the adsorbent to recover a highly purified gas. Further, as described above, a part thereof is supplied as a cleaning gas to the adsorption tank in the cleaning process.
- the pressure in the adsorption process and the desorption process may be set so that the desorption pressure is lower than the adsorption pressure. Therefore, for example, the adsorption pressure may be atmospheric pressure and the desorption pressure may be vacuum, or the adsorption pressure may be increased and the desorption pressure may be atmospheric pressure or vacuum.
- the high purity gas can be continuously produced from the mixed gas by sequentially performing the three steps at regular intervals.
- any adsorbent such as zeolite, activated carbon or alumina can be used.
- the kind of mixed gas to which the apparatus of the present invention is applied and the kind of gas component to be adsorbed / separated are also arbitrary.
- the apparatus of the present invention is also applied to a temperature swing adsorption method in which adsorption is performed while cooling and heating is performed during regeneration, and a pressure / temperature swing adsorption method in which the temperature swing adsorption method and the pressure swing adsorption method are combined.
- a configuration in which a heat exchange tube for heating and cooling is inserted into the gas adsorption regions B 1 and B 2 can be employed.
- the gas adsorption separation apparatus of the present invention can increase the adsorbent filling rate with respect to the volume, and can achieve compactness and efficiency improvement of the apparatus.
- 9A and 9B are longitudinal sectional views in the radial direction of a pillow-type adsorption tank.
- FIG. 9A in the case of a conventional apparatus in which a single adsorbent layer having a layer thickness l of 2.5 m is provided in a pillow type adsorption tank having a diameter L 0 of 6.5 m, The length is 45m and its volume utilization is only 48%.
- FIG. 9A in the case of a conventional apparatus in which a single adsorbent layer having a layer thickness l of 2.5 m is provided in a pillow type adsorption tank having a diameter L 0 of 6.5 m, The length is 45m and its volume utilization is only 48%.
- FIG. 9A in the case of a conventional apparatus in which a single adsorbent layer having a layer thickness l of
- the adsorbent layer having the layer thicknesses l 1 and l 3 of 2.5 m, for example, is separated from the space as the gas inflow region A having the width l 2 of 0.5 m, for example.
- the length of the adsorption layer is 26 m and its volume utilization rate is increased to 83%.
- the widths l 0 and l 4 of the off-gas outflow regions C 1 and C 2 are also 0.5 m, for example.
- the adsorbent if activated carbon, X-type zeolite, or the like is used as the adsorbent, it can be applied to the adsorption separation of carbon dioxide from the mixed gas without any problem. Moreover, in this invention, since the adsorbent layer thickness is divided
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Abstract
Description
(2)吸着塔に高純度のガスを導入し、不要なガスを追い出す洗浄工程
(3)吸着塔の圧力を洗浄工程より低くし、吸着ガスを回収する脱着工程
図1は、本願の第1の発明に係る第1の実施形態によるガス吸着分離装置を模式的に示す斜視図である。図2は、図1に示すガス吸着分離装置を構成する1つの吸着槽、すなわち吸着塔を模式的に示す斜視図である。図3は、図1に示す吸着槽の水平断面図である。
図4は、本願の第2の発明に係る第2の実施形態によるガス吸着分離装置を模式的に示す側面図である。図5は、図4に示すガス吸着分離装置を構成する1つの吸着槽を模式的に示す側面図である。
図6は、本願の第3の発明に係る第3の実施形態によるガス吸着分離装置を模式的に示す斜視図である。図7は、図6に示すガス吸着分離装置を構成する1つの吸着槽、すなわち吸着塔を模式的に示す斜視図である。図8は、図6に示す吸着槽の水平断面図である。
2 ガス供給管
3 ガス排出管
4 真空ポンプ
A ガス流入領域
B1,B2 ガス吸着領域
C1,C2 オフガス流出領域
Claims (4)
- 混合ガスを通過させて吸着剤と接触させ、混合ガス中の1以上のガス成分を吸着する吸着槽を複数基備え、該複数基の吸着槽に吸着工程と脱着工程とを、若しくは吸着工程と洗浄工程と脱着工程とを、交互に行わせるガス吸着分離装置であって、
各吸着槽は縦円筒型であり、吸着槽の内部が水平方向で並列した5つの領域に仕切られ、これらの領域のうち、中央の領域がガス流入領域を構成し、該ガス流入領域に隣接する両側の領域がガス吸着領域を構成し、該ガス吸着領域に各々隣接する最外側の領域がオフガス流出領域を構成することを特徴とするガス吸着分離装置。 - 混合ガスを通過させて吸着剤と接触させ、混合ガス中の1以上のガス成分を吸着する吸着槽を複数基備え、該複数基の吸着槽に吸着工程と脱着工程とを、若しくは吸着工程と洗浄工程と脱着工程とを、交互に行わせるガス吸着分離装置であって、
各吸着槽は枕型であり、吸着槽の内部が高さ方向で並列した5つの領域に仕切られ、これらの領域のうち、中央の領域がガス流入領域を構成し、該ガス流入領域に隣接する上下の領域がガス吸着領域を構成し、該ガス吸着領域に各々隣接する最外側の領域がオフガス流出領域を構成することを特徴とするガス吸着分離装置。 - 混合ガスを通過させて吸着剤と接触させ、混合ガス中の1以上のガス成分を吸着する吸着槽を複数基備え、該複数基の吸着槽に吸着工程と脱着工程とを、若しくは吸着工程と洗浄工程と脱着工程とを、交互に行わせるガス吸着分離装置であって、
各吸着槽は枕型であり、吸着槽の内部が水平方向で並列した5つの領域に仕切られ、これらの領域のうち、中央の領域がガス流入領域を構成し、該ガス流入領域に隣接する両側の領域がガス吸着領域を構成し、該ガス吸着領域に各々隣接する最外側の領域がオフガス流出領域を構成することを特徴とするガス吸着分離装置。 - 隣接する領域間はガスが通気可能な仕切壁で仕切られ、前記ガス流入領域および前記オフガス流出領域は、前記ガス吸着領域との間で仕切壁を通じてガスを出入りさせる空間部であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のガス吸着分離装置。
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CN201280039984.3A CN103796731A (zh) | 2011-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | 气体吸附分离装置 |
RU2014112053/05A RU2014112053A (ru) | 2011-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | Устройство для адсорбционного разделения газа |
EP12828078.1A EP2752232A4 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | GASADSORBIEREN FOUNTAIN PACK |
KR1020147005073A KR101586593B1 (ko) | 2011-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | 가스 흡착 분리 장치 |
BR112014004729A BR112014004729A2 (pt) | 2011-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | equipamento de separação e adsorção de gás |
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US10646817B2 (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2020-05-12 | Apache Corporation | Porous materials for natural gas liquids separations |
US10441915B2 (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2019-10-15 | Apache Corporation | Natural gas liquids recovery from pressure swing adsorption and vacuum swing adsorption |
JP7235382B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-19 | 2023-03-08 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 反応装置 |
FR3093009B1 (fr) | 2019-02-21 | 2021-07-23 | Air Liquide | Procédé et installation de purification d’un flux gazeux de débit élevé |
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JPH01164417A (ja) | 1987-12-18 | 1989-06-28 | Hitachi Ltd | 圧力スイング吸着装置 |
US5071449A (en) | 1990-11-19 | 1991-12-10 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Gas separation by rapid pressure swing adsorption |
DE9100168U1 (de) * | 1991-01-09 | 1991-03-28 | Nadenau, Werner R., 6274 Hünstetten | Gasdurchströmter Füllschachtreaktor zur Aufnahme von Aktivkohle oder Aktivkoks |
JP2009274024A (ja) | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-26 | Anyx Co Ltd | 気体浄化装置 |
CN102781549A (zh) * | 2010-02-27 | 2012-11-14 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 基于变压吸附法的气体分离装置 |
US10093873B2 (en) | 2016-09-06 | 2018-10-09 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Process to recover gasoline and diesel from aromatic complex bottoms |
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JPH01159019A (ja) * | 1987-09-24 | 1989-06-22 | Nippon Sanso Kk | 吸着器 |
JPH05111611A (ja) * | 1991-04-16 | 1993-05-07 | Boc Group Plc:The | 生成ガスを分離するための装置 |
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CN103796731A (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
KR20140044922A (ko) | 2014-04-15 |
JP2013049016A (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
KR101586593B1 (ko) | 2016-01-18 |
RU2014112053A (ru) | 2015-10-10 |
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