WO2013026266A1 - 双光源光栅尺 - Google Patents

双光源光栅尺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013026266A1
WO2013026266A1 PCT/CN2012/070085 CN2012070085W WO2013026266A1 WO 2013026266 A1 WO2013026266 A1 WO 2013026266A1 CN 2012070085 W CN2012070085 W CN 2012070085W WO 2013026266 A1 WO2013026266 A1 WO 2013026266A1
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grating
light source
indicating
phases
distance
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PCT/CN2012/070085
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English (en)
French (fr)
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潘伟华
梁乘峰
詹亮
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广州市诺信数字测控设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2013026266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013026266A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses
    • G01D5/38—Forming the light into pulses by diffraction gratings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring instrument, in particular to a grating ruler.
  • each receiving device corresponds to one light source, so multiple receiving devices have multiple light sources (below) Referred to as multiple light sources).
  • the signal waveform of the multi-light source is shown in Figure 2 (where wt represents the angular displacement, U represents the voltage), and the 0, 90, 180, 270 four-way signals are the original signals received by the receiving device, and the S and C signals are respectively 0 and 180, 90, and 270 signal synthesis.
  • the intermediate level of the S (or C) signal is changed, so that the output square wave A ( Or B) duty cycle change, affecting the scale count.
  • the distance between the main grating 2 and the indicating grating 3 is d, and since the light source 1, the indicating grating 3, and the receiving tube 4 are in one-to-one correspondence, the four phases on the indicating grating 3 are arranged in a row, between the phases and the phases. The distance does not have to be too close.
  • the disadvantage of multiple light sources is that when the luminous intensity of one of the light sources changes, the output signal of the entire scale is affected.
  • a plurality of receiving devices correspond to the same light source 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a single light source). In order to make the signal strengths received by the respective receiving devices consistent, the single light source needs to increase the lens 5.
  • the single light source scheme indicates that the four phases on the grating 3 are as close as possible so as to be completely in the effective light emitting region of the light source, and the four phases are generally arranged in a rectangular or diamond shape.
  • the disadvantage of a single light source is that it uses a more complex process or uses a special light source.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a dual-source grating scale, which uses a common light source without a lens, and does not need to additionally add a lens.
  • the overall mechanical structure is simple, and the grating rule caused by aging of the light source is reduced. Quality issues.
  • a dual-source grating scale comprising a ruler and a grating readhead, the ruler comprising a main grating, the grating readhead comprising a light source, an indicator grating and a receiving tube, indicating the grating and the main
  • the gratings are parallel, and the light source is provided with two, each light source corresponding to two phases and two receiving tubes of the indicating grating; two light sources and four receiving tubes are respectively disposed on both sides of the main grating; in the four phases of the indicating grating
  • the distance between two phases sharing the same light source is smaller than the distance between two phases that do not share the same light source.
  • the gap between the indicating grating and the main grating is 0.02 to 0.08 mm.
  • the distance between the receiving tube and the indicating grating is 3.0 to 6.0 mm.
  • the distance between the two light sources and the main grating is 1.0 to 4.0 mm.
  • the distance between the two light sources is set to 6.0 to 9.0 mm.
  • the dual light source effectively avoids the influence of the quality change of the light source on the quality of the grating ruler; and saves two light sources, thereby saving cost.
  • the dual light source does not need to increase the lens, and the space requirement is reduced, the cost is also reduced, the process difficulty is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-light source scheme
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a single light source scheme
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dual light source indicating grating of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the solution of the present invention adopts two receiving devices (ie, receiving tubes) that receive inverted signals corresponding to the same light source, and four phases require two light sources, so it is called a dual light source, and the corresponding dual light source indicating grating is designed as shown in FIG. 4 . details as follows:
  • the first circle is a line region of 0 and 180 phases
  • the second circle is a line region of 90 and 270 phases.
  • the first circle corresponds to the first light source 11
  • the second circle Corresponding to the second light source 12.
  • 0, 180, 90, and 270 share a single light-emitting tube.
  • the amplitude of the corresponding S (or C) signal decreases, but the average value does not change, so the output Square waves A and B do not change and do not affect the scale count.
  • An embodiment of the present invention is provided with a first light source 11 and a second light source 12, a distance d3 between the first light source 11 and the second light source 12 is 6.0 mm, and the first light source 11 corresponds to the indicating grating 3.
  • Two phases 0 and 180 and two receiving tubes 41 and 42; the second source 12 corresponds to two phases 90 and 270 of the grating 3 and two receiving tubes 43 and 44.
  • the first light source 11 and the second light source 12 are located at one side of the main grating 2, and the distance d4 between the first light source 11 and the second light source 12 and the main grating 2 is 1.0 mm; the receiving tube 4 is located at one side of the indicating grating 3, The distance d2 between the receiving tube 4 and the indicating grating 3 is 3.0 mm; the indicating grating 3 is parallel to the main grating 2, and the gap d1 between the two is 0.02 mm.
  • the distance between the two phases sharing the same light source is smaller than the distance between the two phases not sharing the same light source.
  • the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except for the following technical features: as shown in FIG. 6, the distance d1 between the indicating grating 3 and the main grating 2 is 0.08 mm; the first light source 11 and the second The distance d4 between the light source 12 and the main grating 2 is 4.0 mm, the distance d3 between the first light source 11 and the second light source 12 is 9.0 mm, the receiving tube 4 is located on one side of the main grating 2, and the first light source 11 and The two light sources 12 are located on one side of the indicating grating 3, and the distance d2 between the receiving tube 4 and the indicating grating 3 is 6.0 mm.
  • the light intensity of one of the light sources is weakened, the amplitude of the corresponding S (or C) signal is reduced, but the average value does not change, so the output square waves A and B do not change and do not affect the scale count.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种双光源光栅尺，包括尺身和光栅读数头，尺身包括主光栅（2），光栅读数头包括光源（1）、指示光栅（3）及接收管（4），指示光栅（3）与主光栅（2）平行，光源（1）设有两个，每一个光源（1）对应指示光栅（3）的两相和两个接收管（4），两个光源（1）与四个接收管（4）分别设置在主光栅（2）的两侧，在指示光栅（3）的四相中，共用同一个光源（1）的两相之间的距离，小于不共用同一个光源（1）的两相之间的距离。该双光源光栅尺使用普通的不带透镜的光源，也不需额外增加透镜，整体机械结构简单，并减少了光源老化引起的光栅尺的质量问题。

Description

双光源光栅尺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种测量仪器，特别涉及一种光栅尺。
背景技术
现行的光栅尺光电接收方式通常有两种：第1种，如图1所示，每个接收器件（即接收管4）分别对应一个光源，所以多个接收器件就对应有多个光源（以下简称多光源）。多光源的信号波形如图2所示（其中wt表示角位移量，U表示电压），0、90、180、270四路信号是接收器件接收到的原始信号，S、C信号分别由0和180、90和270信号合成，在现有的四光源设计方案中当四路原始信号中有一路减弱时就会使S（或C）信号的中间电平发生变化，从而使输出方波A（或B）占空比变化，影响光栅尺计数。多光源方案主光栅2与指示光栅3之间的距离为d，由于光源1、指示光栅3、接收管4一一对应，所以指示光栅3上的四相排成一列，相与相之间的距离不必靠太近。多光源的缺点是：当其中一个光源的发光强度发生变化时会影响整把光栅尺的输出信号。第2种，如图3所示，多个接收器件（即接收管4）对应同一光源1（以下简称单光源）。为使各个接收器件接收到的信号强度一致，单光源需要增加透镜5，由于需要增加透镜5且需要保证光源1、透镜5、接收管4三者间的距离，工艺难度增大，并且增加透镜后要求的空间位置增大。如果单光源不增加透镜，而又要使各个接收器件接收到的信号强度一致的话，则需要采用特殊的本身带有透镜的光源，带有透镜的光源会增加单光源的成本。单光源方案指示光栅3上的四相要尽量靠近，以便能完全在光源的有效发光区域，四相一般排列成一个矩形或菱形。单光源的缺点是：采用更复杂的工艺，或使用特殊的光源。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点与不足，提供双光源光栅尺，其使用普通的不带透镜的光源，也不需额外增加透镜，整体机械结构简单，减少了光源老化引起的光栅尺质量问题。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现：双光源光栅尺，包括尺身和光栅读数头，所述尺身包括主光栅，所述光栅读数头包括光源、指示光栅及接收管，指示光栅与主光栅平行，所述光源设有两个，每一个光源对应指示光栅的两相和两个接收管；两个光源与四个接收管分别设置在主光栅的两侧；在指示光栅的四相中，共用同一个光源的两相之间的距离，小于不共用同一个光源的两相之间的距离。
优选的，所述指示光栅与主光栅之间的间隙为0.02至0.08mm。
优选的，所述接收管与指示光栅之间的距离为3.0至6.0mm。
优选的，所述两个光源与主光栅之间的距离为1.0至4.0mm。
优选的，所述两个光源之间的距离设置为6.0至9.0mm。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点及效果：
1、本发明相对于多光源，双光源有效地避免了光源质量变化对光栅尺质量的影响；并且节省2个光源，可节省成本。
2、本发明相对于单光源，双光源不需要增加透镜，对空间的要求减少，同时也减少成本，减低工艺难度，提高了生产效率。
附图说明
图1是多光源方案的结构示意图；
图2是多光源的波形图；
图3是单光源方案的结构示意图；
图4是本发明双光源指示光栅示意图；
图5是本发明实施例1的结构示意图；
图6是本发明实施例2的结构示意图。
附图标号说明：1、光源；2、主光栅；3指示光栅；4接收管；5、透镜；11、第一光源；12、第二光源；41、第一接收管；42第二接受管；43、第三接收管；44、第四接收管；d1、指示光栅与主光栅之间的距离；d2、接收管与指示光栅之间的距离；d3、第一光源与第二光源之间的距离；d4、两个光源与主光栅之间的距离。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
本发明方案采用两个接收反相信号的接收器件（即接收管）对应同一个光源，四相需要两个光源，因此称为双光源，并设计对应的双光源指示光栅如图4所示，具体如下：
在图4双光源指示光栅图中，第一圆圈为0和180相位的线纹区，第二圆圈为90和270相位的线纹区，使用时第一圆圈对应第一光源11，第二圆圈对应第二光源12。在双光源设计方案中，0、180和90、270分别共用一个发光管，当其中一个发光管减弱时，对应的S（或C）信号的幅度减小，但是平均值不会变化，所以输出方波A和B不会变化，不会影响光栅尺计数。
本发明的实施方案，如图5，设有第一光源11和第二光源12，所述第一光源11和第二光源12之间的距离d3为6.0mm，第一光源11对应指示光栅3的0和180两相和两个接收管41和42；第二光源12对应指示光栅3的90和270两相和两个接受管43和44。第一光源11和第二光源12位于主光栅2的一侧，第一光源11和第二光源12与主光栅2之间的距离d4为1.0mm；接收管4位于指示光栅3的一侧，接收管4与指示光栅3之间的距离d2为3.0mm；指示光栅3与主光栅2平行，两者之间的间隙d1为0.02mm。在指示光栅3的四相中，共用同一个光源两相之间的距离，小于不共用同一个光源的两相之间的距离。
实施例2
本实施例2除下述技术特征之外，其它技术特征与实施例1一样：如图6所示，指示光栅3与主光栅2之间的距离d1为0.08mm；第一光源11和第二光源12与主光栅2之间的距离d4为4.0mm，第一光源11和第二光源12之间的距离d3为9.0mm，接收管4位于主光栅2的一侧，第一光源11和第二光源12位于指示光栅3的一侧，接收管4与指示光栅3之间的距离d2为6.0mm。同样，当其中一个光源的光强度减弱时，对应的S（或C）信号的幅度减小，但是平均值不会变化，所以输出方波A和B不会变化，不会影响光栅尺计数。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

  1. 双光源光栅尺，包括尺身和光栅读数头，所述尺身包括主光栅，所述光栅读数头包括光源、指示光栅及接收管，指示光栅与主光栅平行，其特征在于：所述光源设有两个，每一个光源对应指示光栅的两相和两个接收管；两个光源与四个接收管分别设置在主光栅的两侧；在指示光栅的四相中，共用同一个光源的两相之间的距离，小于不共用同一个光源的两相之间的距离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的双光源光栅尺，其特征在于：所述指示光栅与主光栅之间的间隙为0.02至0.08mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的双光源光栅尺，其特征在于：所述接收管与指示光栅之间的距离设置为3.0至6.0mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的双光源光栅尺，其特征在于：所述两个光源与主光栅之间的距离为1.0至4.0mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的双光源光栅尺，其特征在于：所述两个光源之间的距离设置为6.0至9.0mm。
PCT/CN2012/070085 2011-08-23 2012-01-06 双光源光栅尺 WO2013026266A1 (zh)

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