WO2013017068A1 - 取代的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物及其应用 - Google Patents

取代的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2013017068A1
WO2013017068A1 PCT/CN2012/079405 CN2012079405W WO2013017068A1 WO 2013017068 A1 WO2013017068 A1 WO 2013017068A1 CN 2012079405 W CN2012079405 W CN 2012079405W WO 2013017068 A1 WO2013017068 A1 WO 2013017068A1
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hydrogen
methyl
benzopyran
methoxyphenylpiperazine
pharmaceutically acceptable
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PCT/CN2012/079405
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张桂森
陈寅
徐祥淸
刘欣
于民权
刘笔锋
刘志强
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华中科技大学
江苏恩华药业股份有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D311/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
    • C07D311/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D311/04Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D311/06Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 2
    • C07D311/08Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 2 not hydrogenated in the hetero ring
    • C07D311/16Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 2 not hydrogenated in the hetero ring substituted in position 7
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/06Antimigraine agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/08Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A61P25/16Anti-Parkinson drugs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/22Anxiolytics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/24Antidepressants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D311/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
    • C07D311/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D311/04Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
    • C07D311/06Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 2
    • C07D311/08Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 2 not hydrogenated in the hetero ring
    • C07D311/18Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 2 not hydrogenated in the hetero ring substituted otherwise than in position 3 or 7

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicinal chemistry, and specifically relates to substituted benzopyrone derivatives and applications thereof. Background technique
  • Schizophrenia is a disease characterized by deep division of cognition and emotion, manifested by the most basic human behaviors such as language, thought, perception, and self-perception. Symptoms of the disease include a wide range of symptoms, the most common being mental disorders such as hallucinations, delusions and illusions.
  • Schizophrenia is the most serious mental illness. About 1% of people worldwide suffer from schizophrenia, and only 5% of all treated patients eventually recover completely. In addition, because schizophrenia usually causes comorbidities, such as anxiety disorders, depression or psychotropic substance abuse, according to a survey by Datamomtor, more than one-third of schizophrenic patients suffer at least one or more Complicated with diseases such as mental illness or cognitive impairment.
  • antipsychotic drugs that exert pharmacological effects by blocking dopamine D2 receptors are called first-generation antipsychotic drugs, that is, "typical” antipsychotic drugs (such as haloperidol), which treat positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Breakthrough, but failed to treat negative symptoms and cognitive impairment.
  • Typical antipsychotic drugs generally have severe extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) and are ineffective in one-third of patients with schizophrenia.
  • EPS extrapyramidal side effects
  • second-generation antipsychotic drugs namely new antipsychotics.
  • Drugs although their respective pharmacological effects are not completely consistent, have common pharmacological characteristics, namely, serotonin (5-HT) receptors (5-HT1A, 2A, 2c) and norepinephrine (NA).
  • serotonin (5-HT) receptors 5-HT1A, 2A, 2c
  • NA norepinephrine
  • the affinity of the bodies ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2) is much higher than that of the D2 receptor, resulting in a lower ratio of D2 / 5- ⁇ 2 ⁇ . Its clinical effect has more advantages than the first-generation antipsychotic drugs.
  • Aripiprazole is a phenylbutrazolazine compound that was approved by the FDA in November 2002. This drug has a unique mechanism of action, and has a high affinity with dopamine D2, D3, 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors, and D4, 5-HT2c, 5-HT7, al, HI receptor and 5-HT The absorption site has a moderate affinity. Aripiprazole produces anti-schizophrenia through partial agonism of the D2 and 5-HT1A receptors and antagonism of the 5-HT2A receptor, and has the function of stabilizing the activity of the dopamine system.
  • aripiprazole is effective in both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and long-term use can reduce the recurrence rate of schizophrenia and improve mood and cognitive dysfunction. Its EPS adverse reactions and elevated serum prolactin levels are smaller than traditional antipsychotics or the aforementioned atypical antipsychotics.
  • the serotonin system plays an important role in regulating the function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), including mood control, cognitive behavior, and working memory.
  • PFC pyramidal neurons and GABA interneurons contain several 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A with particularly high-density serotonin receptor subtypes. It has recently been demonstrated that PFC and NMDA receptor channels are targets of 5-HT1AR, which regulate cerebral cortical excitatory neurons and thereby affect cognitive function. In fact, various preclinical data suggest that 5-HT1AR may be a new target for the development of antipsychotic drugs.
  • atypical antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine, aripiprazole, etc.
  • 5-HT1AR regulated prefrontal cortex
  • PFC regulated prefrontal cortex
  • 5-HT1A agonists are associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment and can improve Negative symptoms and cognitive impairment (MJ Millan, Improving the treatment of schizophrenia: focus on serotonin 5-HT1A receptors, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
  • 5-HT2A In the treatment of schizophrenia with the atypical antipsychotic clozapine, 5-HT2A has been found to play an important role in all aspects of perception, mood regulation and motor control. Blocking the 5-HT2A receptor normalizes the release of dopamine and thus acts as an antipsychotic (HY Meltzer, S. Matsubara and MA Lee, Classification of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs on the basis of dopamine D-1, D- 2 and serotonin 2 pKi values, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1989, 251, 238-246. ). In addition, 5-HT2C receptors are closely related to weight gain (GP Reynolds, MJ Hill and SL Kirk, The 5-HT2C receptor and antipsychotic induced weight gain - mechanisms and genetics, J. Psychopharmacol. 2006, 20, 15-18 ).
  • D3 receptors in the brain are mainly selectively distributed in the limbic system.
  • There are two main DA neural pathways in the brain one is the regulation of motor function in the nigrostriatal pathway, and the other is the ventral tegment of the midbrain.
  • the prefrontal cortex DA pathway is closely related to learning cognitive and emotional activities. Its dysfunction will lead to schizophrenia.
  • This DA pathway is also the main pathway for reward effectss in the brain.
  • D3 receptor is in two DA nerves. There are distributions in the pathway and complex interactions with other DA receptor subtypes, which may be a target for antipsychotic treatment.
  • the selective D3 receptor antagonism can reduce the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia.
  • CN 201110086701.8 discloses a class of benzopyran-piperazine derivatives which have high affinity for dopamine D2, D3, 5HT1A and 5HT2A receptors and have anti-schizophrenia activity in vitro.
  • the search for a more excellent multi-receptor combination with low side effects anti-schizophrenia drugs is still of great significance for clinical treatment. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a novel active benzopyrone derivative based on the prior art.
  • the compound of the present invention is a benzopyrone derivative having a structure of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, including solvates and hydrates thereof,
  • the dotted line is a single bond or a double bond
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide the use of a compound of the invention in the prevention or treatment of diseases of the central nervous system.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of preventing or treating diseases of the central nervous system comprising administering a compound of the present invention.
  • CM thiol refers to a straight or branched fluorenyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, examples of which include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl Base, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl and neopentyl.
  • CM methoxy refers to a straight or branched fluorenyl group containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms attached to the parent structure through an oxygen atom, examples of which include methoxy groups. , ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, pentyloxy and the like.
  • halogen refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
  • aryl refers to an aromatic ring group having 5 to 14 carbon ring atoms, preferably 5 to 10 or 6 to 10 carbon ring atoms, such as phenyl or naphthyl.
  • carbon-carbon double bond herein may be Z, E, or a mixture of the two in any ratio.
  • the hydrogen is preferably a hydrogen, a phenyl group, a halogenated phenyl group, a d- 5 fluorenyl group, a d- 5 halogenated fluorenyl group or a d- 5 hydroxy fluorenyl group, and further preferably 1 hydrazine is hydrogen or a phenyl group. , methyl, trifluoromethyl or hydroxymethyl.
  • R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen
  • 1 is preferably hydrogen, phenyl, methyl, trifluoromethyl or hydroxymethyl; when it is chlorine, ! ⁇ is methyl, and is hydrogen; when it is hydrogen, ! ⁇ is methyl, hydrogen or methyl, chlorine or methyl.
  • the compounds of the invention are particularly preferred from the following compounds:
  • the compound of the formula (I) is further particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of:
  • the method comprises the steps of: 1) subjecting an optionally substituted resorcinol to an optionally substituted ethyl acetate or an optionally substituted malic acid; 11) , 4-dibromobutane or 1,4-dibromo-2-butene; and UD to react the product with 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrobromide to give the final product.
  • the benzopyrone derivative of the structure of the formula (I) according to the present invention can form a pharmaceutically acceptable anionic salt with an acid.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, nitrate, sulfate or hydrogen sulfate, phosphate or acid phosphate, acetate, Lactate, citrate, tartrate, maleate, fumarate, methanesulfonate, gluconate, saccharide, benzoate, ethanesulfonate, besylate And p-toluenesulfonate.
  • the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant, which is an antipsychotic composition containing a compound of the invention sufficient to produce an antipsychotic effect.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable excipient includes carriers, inert diluents, excipients, disintegrating agents, lubricants, sweeteners, binders and the like which are conventionally used in the formulation of a dosage form.
  • An effective amount of a compound of the invention can be administered orally, such as with an inert diluent or a carrier. It can be enclosed in gelatin capsules or compressed into tablets.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be used together with excipients and in the form of tablets, troches, capsules, suspensions, syrups and the like. These preparations should contain at least 0.5% by weight of the active compound of the invention, but may vary from 4% to about 70% by weight of the unit, depending on the particular dosage form. The amount of active compound in such compositions should be such that a suitable dosage will be employed.
  • Oral unit doses of the compositions and formulations of the present invention contain from 1.0 to 300 mg of the active compound of the invention.
  • the compounds of the invention may be combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent to form a pharmaceutical formulation.
  • suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include inert solid fillers or diluents and sterile aqueous or organic solutions.
  • the amount of the compound of the invention depends on the type and severity of the disease or condition and on the characteristics of the subject, such as general health, age, sex, weight and drug tolerance. The skilled person is able to determine the appropriate dosage based on these or other factors. Effective dosages of the central nervous system drugs commonly used are well known to the skilled artisan.
  • the total daily dose is usually between about 0.05 mg and 2000 mg.
  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which provides from about 0.01 to 1000 mg of active ingredient per unit dose.
  • the composition may be administered by any suitable route, for example, orally in the form of a capsule, parenterally in the form of an injection, topically in the form of a cream or lotion, rectal administration in the form of a suppository, in the form of a patch delivery system. Transdermal administration.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be combined with a suitable solid or liquid carrier or diluent to form capsules, tablets, pills, powders, syrups, solutions, and the like.
  • Tablets, pills, capsules and the like comprise from about 0.01 to about 99 weight percent of active ingredient and binder such as gelatin, corn starch, gum arabic; excipients such as calcium hydrogen phosphate; disintegrants such as corn starch, potato starch or algae An acid; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; and a sweetener such as sucrose or lactose.
  • a liquid carrier such as a grease may be contained in addition to the above-mentioned types of materials.
  • the compounds of the invention may be combined with sterile aqueous or organic vehicles to form injectible solutions or suspensions.
  • the compounds of formula (I) may contain chiral centers and thus may exist in different enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms.
  • the present invention relates to all optical isomers and all stereoisomers of the compounds of formula (I), as racemic mixtures of such compounds and in the form of the respective enantiomers and diastereomers, and the invention relates, respectively, to All pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment containing or using them as defined above.
  • the present invention provides the use of a compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of the present invention for the preparation of a medicament for treating or preventing a central nervous system disease selected from the group consisting of a mental disorder, a schizophrenia, Anxiety disorders, personality disorders, depression, mania, migraine, epilepsy or spasticity disorders, childhood disorders, Parkinson's disease, cognitive disorders, neurodegeneration, neurotoxicity and ischemia; preferably schizophrenia.
  • a central nervous system disease selected from the group consisting of a mental disorder, a schizophrenia, Anxiety disorders, personality disorders, depression, mania, migraine, epilepsy or spasticity disorders, childhood disorders, Parkinson's disease, cognitive disorders, neurodegeneration, neurotoxicity and ischemia; preferably schizophrenia.
  • a central nervous system disease selected from the group consisting of a mental disorder, a schizophrenia, Anxiety disorders, personality disorders, depression, mania, migraine, epilepsy or spasticity disorders, childhood disorders, Parkinson's disease, cognitive disorders, neurodegeneration, neurotoxicity and ischemia
  • the novel compound provided by the present invention is further modified by the benzopyran-piperazine compound disclosed in CN 201110086701.8, and the obtained new compound has better anti-schizophrenia activity than the original compound, and the in vitro test shows that CN 201110086701.8
  • the preferred compounds A and B disclosed have a high affinity for the 5-HT1A and D3 receptors while maintaining high affinity with D2 and 5-HT2A, and may significantly improve the negative symptoms and recognition of schizophrenia. Know the obstacles and reduce adverse reactions such as extrapyramidal.
  • the compounds of the present invention can be prepared by the methods shown in the general scheme above, or by modification thereof, using readily available starting materials, reagents, and conventional synthetic procedures. In these reactions, it is also possible to use different forms known in the art but not mentioned herein.
  • the starting materials are either commercially available or synthesized as described in the examples, or can be obtained by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Inhibition rate (I %) (total binding tube cpm - compound cpm) / (total binding tube cpm - non-specific binding tube cpm) xl00% Compounds were made in two parallel samples per experiment.
  • Rats were decapitated, operated on ice, and the striatum was quickly taken. Two striatum were combined into a centrifuge tube, and 3 ml of buffer (0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer: 6.05 g of Tris dissolved in 1000 ml) was added. In double distilled water, adjust the pH to 7.5 with concentrated HC1; the same) homogenate for 3-4 s, homogenize 4 times, homogenize 4 times, then add 5 ml buffer, incubate at 37 ° C for 10 mm, and incubate the tube after use. Adjust the weight of the balance, centrifuge at 20 °C at 12000r, 4 °C, discard the supernatant, add 3ml buffer and mix with a vortex mixer, then add 5ml buffer, centrifuge,
  • Isotope ligand [ 3 H]- Ketanserin (67.0 Ci/mmol), purchased from PerkinElmer; Methysergide, purchased from RBI; GF/C glass fiber filter paper, purchased from Whatman; Tris imported package; PPO, POPOP purchased from Shanghai Reagent No. 1; fat-soluble scintillation fluid. Beckman LS-6500 multi-function liquid scintillation counter.
  • Each reaction tube was separately added with a radioactive ligand 3 H-Ket anser m ⁇ (two parallel tubes were set for each reaction tube, and each tube was placed on ice when the sample was applied).
  • Inhibition rate (I %) (total binding tube cpm - compound cpm) / (total binding tube cpm - non-specific binding tube cpm) xl00% Compounds were made in two parallel samples per experiment.
  • the rats were decapitated, operated on ice, and the striatum was taken quickly.
  • the two striatum were combined into a centrifuge tube, and 3 ml of buffer (0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer containing NaCl 120 mM, KC1 5 mM) was added.
  • Isotope ligand 3 H-Spiperone (67.0 Ci/mmol), purchased from PerkinElmer; Butaclamol, purchased from RBI; GF/C glass fiber filter paper, purchased from Whatman; Tris imported package; PPO, POPOP from Shanghai reagent One plant; fat-soluble scintillation fluid. Beckman LS-6500 multi-function liquid scintillation counter.
  • Inhibition rate (I %) (total binding tube cpm - compound cpmy (total binding tube cpm - non-specific binding tube cpm) x l00% Compounds were made in two parallel samples per experiment.
  • HEK-293 cells (purchased from Perkinelmer) were highly expressed on the membrane after 48-72 hours. The cells were centrifuged at 100 rpm for 5 mm, and the supernatant was discarded. The cells were stored in a -200 C refrigerator. Resuspend with Tns-Cl (pH 7.4) during the experiment.
  • D3 receptor isotope [ 3 H] -Spiperone available from Amersham; (+) Butaclamol, available from RBI; GF/C glass fiber filter paper, purchased from Whatman; fat-soluble scintillation fluid. Tns is packaged by Jitai Technology Co., Ltd.
  • Receptor competition binding assay 20 ul of each test compound and radioactive ligand and 160 ul of receptor protein were added to the reaction tube, so that the final concentration of the test compound and the positive drug (ie (+) Butaclamol) was l ( ⁇ mol/L).
  • Inhibition rate (I %) (total binding tube cpm - compound cpm) / (total binding tube cpm - non-specific binding tube cpm) x l00%
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 1.
  • Rats were decapitated, operated on ice, and the striatum was quickly taken. Two striatum were combined into a centrifuge tube, and 3 ml of buffer (0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer: 6.05 g of Tris dissolved in 1000 ml) was added. In double distilled water, adjust the pH to 7.5 with concentrated HC1, homogenize for 3-4 s, homogenize 4 times, then add 5 ml buffer, incubate at 10 °C at 37 °C, adjust the weight with the balance after hatching.
  • buffer 0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer: 6.05 g of Tris dissolved in 1000 ml
  • Isotope ligand [ 3 H]-mesulergine (67.0 Ci/mmol), purchased from PerkinElmer; mianserin, purchased from RBI; GF/C glass fiber filter paper, purchased from Whatman; Tris imported package; PPO, POPOP purchased from Shanghai Reagent No. 1; fat-soluble scintillation fluid. Beckman LS-6500 multi-function liquid scintillation counter.
  • Radioactive ligands [ 3 H]- meS ulergme ⁇ were added to each reaction tube (two parallel tubes were set for each reaction tube, and each tube was placed on ice when the sample was applied).
  • Inhibition rate (I %) (total binding tube cpm - compound cpmy (total binding tube cpm - non-specific binding tube cpm) xl00% Compounds were made in two parallel samples per experiment.
  • MK-801 produced by American Sigma, preparation method: 0.1% vitamin C is formulated into a 1mg/ml solution; positive drugs tested: haloperidol, clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, A Riprazole, ziprasidone, quetiapine; Tween 80, concentration 10%.
  • mice were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a positive control group (risperidone group), and a drug group.
  • the blank group and the model group were given 10% Tween 0.1ml/10g, and the positive control group was given risperidone 0.1mg/kg.
  • the drug group was given the corresponding dose of drugs.
  • the blank group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.1% ascorbic acid O.lml Og
  • the model group, the positive control group (30 mm) were intraperitoneally injected with MK-801 solution 0.1 mg/kg. Thereafter, spontaneous activity of each group of mice was measured within 90 minutes. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 17 Apomorphine-induced mouse climbing experiment
  • Positive drugs tested haloperidol, clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole, ziprasidone, quetiapine; apomorphine, supplied by Sigma, 0.9% NaCl before use (containing 0.1% vitamin C) dissolved, ready for use; vitamin C, F20061113, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.;
  • KM mice male, weighing 18 ⁇ 22g, were randomly divided into negative control group, model group, positive drug group (risperidone, aripiprazole, ziprasidone, quetiapine, olanzapine, fluoride). Piperidinol, clozapine, and each dose group of the compound (see the table below for specific doses), 10 in each group.
  • the negative control group and the model group were given the corresponding solvent double distilled water by gavage, and the positive drug group was given the corresponding positive drug by intragastric administration (adding a small amount of acetic acid and then adding double distilled water when dissolved), and each dose group of the compound was intragastrically administered with the corresponding dose of the compound.
  • the volume of the gavage was 0.1 ml/10 g.
  • apomorphine (1 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously in a volume of 0.1 ml/10 g.
  • injection of apomorphine immediately put it into a climbing cage for 5 minutes, observe the behavior of 10-11, 20-21, 30-31 minutes after apomorphine injection and score, the compound group can significantly shorten the continuous climbing
  • the total number of climbs was statistically significant compared with the blank control group and the model group (P ⁇ 0.01).
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 3 below.
  • Animal catalepsy refers to a state characterized by muscle rigidity and motion, and is a commonly used animal model for studying extrapyramidal function.
  • drugs including tranquilizers and opioid receptor agonists, can induce catalepsy. It is generally believed that catalepsy is associated with a balance of acetylcholine/dopamine function in the central nervous system. Studies have shown that there is a DA-Ach-GAB-ADA neural circuit in the nigrostriatal, which is closely related to catalepsy.
  • Opioid neurons participate in the control of DA neurons or GABA neurons from the side of the loop. (Lu Ying, Han Rong, Liang Jianhui, Quma Duo on the effects of morphine-induced mouse catalepsy, Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2004, 18(5): 360-364)
  • Test substance Compound A, Compound B, Haloperidol, Clozapine, Risperidone, Olanzapine, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone
  • Self-made grab bar equipment A stainless steel rod with a diameter of 0.3 cm and a height of 5 cm above the table is placed in the mouse box.
  • mice half male and half female, weighing 20 ⁇ 24g, were randomly divided into negative control group, model group and positive drug group (risperidone, aripiprazole, ziprasidone, quetiapine, olanzapine). , haloperidol, clozapine) and compound dose groups, 10 in each group.
  • the negative control group and the model group were given the corresponding solvent double distilled water by gavage, and the positive drug group was given the corresponding positive drug by intragastric administration (first adding a small amount of acetic acid and then adding double distilled water), and each dose group of the compound was intragastrically administered with the corresponding dose of the compound.
  • the volume of the gavage is O.lml Og.
  • Sequential method limit experiment KM mice, male and female, were randomly divided into several groups, 2-5 in each group, respectively, each compound 2000mg/kg group and solvent group, administered by 0.2ml/10g. Observe the animal's death within 3 days. (If the animal survives in 3 or more days within three days, and there is no obvious abnormality in the state of life, continue to observe until the end of the experiment after 7 days. If the animal dies within 3 or 3 days within 3 days, the median lethal dose method is used. Determine its LD50.
  • mice were pre-tested by median lethal dose method, male and female, randomly divided into several groups, 4 in each group, each compound The 1500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg group and the solvent group were administered orally at 0.2 ml/10 g, and the animals were observed for death within 1-3 days.
  • Compound LD 50 MK-801 induces high activity apomorphine induced catalepsy catalepsy / catalepsy / mouth
  • the original auxiliary material has been sieved through 80 mesh, and the prescription active ingredient, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose and povidone K30 are weighed, added to the high-speed mixing granulator, mixed at low speed, uniformly mixed, and added with appropriate amount of purified water, low-speed stirring, high speed.
  • the granules were cut and granulated, and the wet granules were dried at 60 ° C for 3 h, and sieved into a 24 mesh sieve.
  • the prescribed amount of sodium carboxymethyl starch, silica and magnesium stearate were added, and the mixture was mixed and compressed by a rotary tableting machine.
  • the original auxiliary material is sieved for 80 mesh, and the active ingredient, lactose, starch and povidone K30 are weighed into the high-speed mixing granulator, mixed at low speed, uniformly mixed, and added with appropriate amount of purified water, low-speed stirring, high-speed cutting and granulating.
  • the wet granules were dried at 60 ° C for 3 h, sieved through a 24 mesh sieve, and the prescribed amount of silica and magnesium stearate were added, and the mixture was mixed, and the capsule was filled with a capsule filling machine.
  • Example 22 suspension
  • An aqueous suspension for oral administration comprising 1 to 5 mg of any of the compounds of the invention of Examples 1 to 10, 50 mg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 1 mg of sodium benzoate, per ml, 500 mg of sorbitol and water (added to 1 ml).
  • Example 23 injection
  • a parenteral composition was prepared by stirring 1.5 W % of the compound of the present invention in water containing 10% by volume of propylene glycol.

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Abstract

本发明公开了取代的苯并吡喃类衍生物及其应用。取代的苯并吡喃类衍生物具有式(I)结构,经实验发现,该类化合物可用于制备治疗精神类疾病药物。

Description

取代的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域, 具体涉及取代的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物及其应用。 背景技术
精神分裂症是以认知力和情感深度分裂为特征的一种疾病, 表现为最基本的人类行为受到影响, 例如语言、 思想、 知觉和自我感知等。 该疾病的症状所包含的范围较广, 最常见的为精神方面的障碍, 比如产生幻觉、 妄想症和错觉等。
精神分裂症是最严重的心理疾病, 全球范围内约有 1 %的人患精神分裂症, 而在所有接受治疗的患 者中只有 5%最终能够得以完全康复。 此外, 由于精神分裂症通常会引发合并症, 例如焦虑障碍、 抑郁 或精神性药物滥用等, 据 Datamomtor的一项调査研究显示, 超过 1/3的精神分裂症患者要遭受至少一项 或多项并发的精神病或认知障碍等疾病的困扰。
传统上习惯把通过阻断多巴胺 D2受体发挥药理作用的抗精神病药物称为第一代抗精神病药物, 即 "典型"抗精神病药物 (如氟哌啶醇) , 它们治疗精神分裂症阳性症状有突破性, 但未能治疗阴性 症状和认知障碍。 典型抗精神病药物一般有严重的锥体外系副作用 (EPS ) , 并且对三分之一的精神 分裂症病人无效。
20世纪 60年代以后, 又陆续开发了一系列新一代抗精神病药, 包括齐拉西酮 (Ziprasidone;)、 利培 酮 (Risperidone)等, 被称为第二代抗精神病药物, 即新型抗精神病药, 虽然它们各自的药理作用不完全 一致, 但却具有共同的药理特征, 即对 5-羟色胺 (5-HT)受体 (5-HTlA、 2A、 2c)和去甲肾上腺素 (NA) 受体 (α1、 α2)的亲和力远比对 D2受体的要高, 导致 D2 / 5-ΗΤ2Α的比值较低。 其临床效果与第一代 抗精神病药物相比有更多优势, 不但对阳性症状与传统抗精神病药同样有效, 而且对阴性症状、 认知 缺陷症状有效, 作用谱更广, 但是这些药物有 QT间隙延长, 高泌乳素血症和体重增加等不良反应。 因此寻找能对精神分裂症阳性、 阴性症状和认知障碍有效, 而且副作用小的药物是现在研究的热点。
阿立哌唑是一种苯丁哌唑嗪类化合物, 2002年 11月已获 FDA批准上市。 该药具有独特的作用机制, 与多巴胺 D2、 D3、 5-HT1A禾 Π5-ΗΤ2Α受体有很高的亲和力, 与 D4、 5-HT2c、 5-HT7、 al、 HI受体及 5-HT 重吸收位点具有中度亲和力。 阿立哌唑是通过对 D2和 5-HT1A受体的部分激动作用及对 5-HT2A受体的 拮抗作用来产生抗精神分裂症, 具有稳定多巴胺系统活性的作用。 临床试验研究表明, 阿立哌唑对精 神分裂症阳性和阴性症状都有效, 长期应用还能降低精神分裂症的复发率, 改善情绪和认知功能障碍。 其 EPS不良反应及升高血清催乳素水平的作用比传统的抗精神病药物或前述的非典型抗精神病药都小。
5-羟色胺系统在调节前额叶皮层(PFC) 的功能中起着重要作用, 包括情绪控制, 认知行为和工作 记忆。 PFC的锥体神经元和 GABA中间神经元包含了几个具有特别高密度羟色胺受体亚型 5-HT1A和 5-HT2A。 最近得到证明 PFC和 NMDA受体通道是 5-HT1AR的目标, 这两个受体调节大脑皮层兴奋性神 经元, 从而影响认知功能。 实际上, 各种临床前数据表明 5-HT1AR可能是抗精神病药发展药物的新目 标。 非典型抗精神药物 (如奧氮平 (olanzapine)、 阿立哌唑 (aripiprazole) 等)对 5-HT1AR的高亲和力及 其低的 EPS副作用均说明 5-羟色胺系统在调节的前额叶皮层 (PFC) 的功能中起着重要作用, 包括情绪 控制、 认知行为和工作记忆。 PFC的锥体神经元和 GABA中间神经元包含了几个具有特别高密度 5-羟色 胺受体亚型 5-HT1A和 5-HT2A。 最近研究表明 5-HT1A激动剂与非典型抗精神病药物治疗相关, 能改善 阴性症状禾口认知障碍 (M. J. Millan, Improving the treatment of schizophrenia: focus on serotonin 5-HT1A receptors, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2000, 295, 853-861. )。 在应用非典型抗精神病药物氯氮平治疗精神 分裂症中, 人们发现 5-HT2A在其中起着很重要的作用, 涉及到感知、 情绪调节以及运动控制的各个方 面。阻断 5-HT2A受体可使多巴胺的释放正常化,从而起到抗精神病作用(H. Y. Meltzer, S. Matsubara and M. A. Lee, Classification of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs on the basis of dopamine D-1, D-2 and serotonin 2 pKi values, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1989, 251 , 238-246. )。 另夕卜, 5-HT2C受体与体重增加 密切相关 (G. P. Reynolds, M. J. Hill and S. L. Kirk, The 5-HT2C receptor and antipsychotic induced weight gain - mechanisms and genetics, J. Psychopharmacol. 2006, 20, 15-18 )。
D3受体在脑内的分布情况主要选择性分布于边缘系统,脑内有两条主要 DA神经通路, 一条是黑质 纹状体通路调控运动功能, 另一条是中脑腹侧被盖区伏隔核前额叶皮层 DA通路与学习认知和情感活动 密切相关, 其功能异常将导致精神分裂症, 该 DA通路也是脑内奖赏效应 (reward efects)的主要通路, D3 受体在两条 DA神经通路中都有分布, 并和其他 DA受体亚型间存在着复杂相互作用, 可能作为抗精神 病药物治疗的一个目标, 选择性 D3受体的拮抗作用能减少精神分裂症的消极和认知症状, 此外能阻止 锥体外系副作用, 包括迟发性运动障碍、 帕金森病等(M. J. Millan and M. Brocco, Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: a review of developmental and genetic models, and pro-cognitive profile of the optimised D(3) > D(2) antagonist, S33138, Therapie. 2008, 63, 187-229)。
CN 201110086701.8中公布了一类苯并吡喃-哌嗪衍生物,体外实验显示其对多巴胺 D2、 D3、 5HT1A 和 5HT2A受体具有较高的亲和力, 具有抗精神分裂症活性。 但寻找一个更优异的多受体结合、 副作用 小的抗精神分裂症药物对临床治疗仍具有重要意义。 发明内容
本发明的目的是在现有技术的基础上, 提供一种新的具有活性的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物。
本发明化合物为具有式 (I) 结构的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 包括它们的溶剂 化物和水合物,
Figure imgf000004_0001
虚线处为单键或双键;
或 分别独立地选自氢、 卤素、 氰基、 羟基、 芳基、 CM垸基或 CM垸氧基, 所述芳基、 C 垸基或 d_5垸氧基任选地被一个或多个独立地选自 ¾素、 氨基和羟基的取代基取代;
选自氢、 CM垸基。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种含有本发明化合物的药物组合物。
本发明还有一个目的是提供本发明化合物在预防或治疗中枢神经系统疾病方面的应用。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种预防或治疗中枢神经系统疾病的方法, 其包括给药本发明化合物。 具体实施方式
本申请中提及的文献通过引用整个纳入本文。 此外, 除非另有标明, 本文中用以表述诸如数量、 浓度、 构成要素和化合物组之类的范围应被理解为涵盖其所有可能的子范围, 而且所述范围应包括其 端点, 以及范围内所有的整数和分数。 定义
除非另外说明, 本文中所用的全部科学和技术术语具有本领域技术人员通常所理解的含义, 为了 更好地理解本发明, 提供以下定义, 若与常规理解的含义冲突, 则以本文中的定义为准。
除非另有说明, 本文中的术语 "CM垸基"是指含有 1-5个碳原子的直链或支链的垸基, 其实例包 括甲基、 乙基、 丙基、 异丙基、 丁基、 仲丁基、 叔丁基、 正戊基、 异戊基和新戊基等。
除非另有说明, 本文中的术语 "CM垸氧基 "是指含有 1-5个碳原子的、 通过氧原子与母体结构相 连的直链或支链垸基基团, 其实例包括甲氧基、 乙氧基、 丙氧基、 异丙氧基、 丁氧基、 戊氧基等。
除非另有说明, 本文中的术语 "卤素"是指氟、 氯、 溴或碘。
除非另有说明, 本文中的术语 "芳基 "是指具有 5-14个碳环原子, 优选为 5-10个或 6-10个碳环原子 的芳环基, 例如苯基或萘基。
除非另有说明, 本文中的 "碳 -碳双键"可以是 Z、 E, 或者此二者以任意比例的混合物。
式 (I ) 化合物中, 所述的 1^优选氢、 苯基、 卤代苯基、 d_5垸基、 d_5卤代垸基或 d_5羟垸基, 进 一步优选1^为氢、 苯基、 甲基、 三氟甲基或羟甲基。
式 (I) 化合物中, 所述 优选氢、 卤素或 d_5垸基, 进一步优选氢、 氯或甲基。
式 (I) 化合物中, 所述 优选氢、 卤素或 d_5垸基, 进一步优选氢或氯。
式 (I) 化合物中, 所述的 优选氢、 或甲基。
式 (I) 化合物中, 所述的 R2、 R3、 为氢时, 1^优选氢、 苯基、 甲基、 三氟甲基或羟甲基; 当 为氯时, !^为甲基, 、 为氢; 当 为氢时, !^为甲基, 为氢或甲基, 为氯或甲基。 本发明化合物特别优选自如下化合物:
( 1 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 2 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 3 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-苯基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 4 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-三氟甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 5 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-羟甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 6 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -8-氯 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 7 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4,8-二甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 8 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -6-氯 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 9 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪)-正丁氧基))-3,4-二甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 10 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) - 2-烯丁氧基)) -4-甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮; 以及其药学上可接受 的盐和它们的溶剂化物及水合物。
所述的式 (I) 化合物进一步特别优选自:
( 2 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 6 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -8-氯 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 8 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -6-氯 --2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮; 以及其药学上可接 受的盐和它们的溶剂化物及水合物。 本发明还提供了制备
Figure imgf000006_0001
、丫
、.。,、- 、, 、 所述方法包括以下步骤: 1 ) 使任选地取代的间苯二酚与任选地取代的酰基乙酸乙酯或者任选地取 代的苹果酸; 11 ) 将产物与 1,4-二溴丁垸或者 1,4-二溴 -2-丁烯反应; 以及 UD 将产物与 1-(2-甲氧基苯基) 哌嗪氢溴酸盐反应, 得最终产物。
本发明所述的式 (I) 结构的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物可与酸形成药学上可接受的阴离子盐。 所述药学 上可接受的盐的实例包括但不限于盐酸盐、 氢溴酸盐、 氢碘酸盐、 硝酸盐、 硫酸盐或硫酸氢盐、 磷酸 盐或酸式磷酸盐、 乙酸盐、 乳酸盐、 柠檬酸盐、 酒石酸盐、 马来酸盐、 富马酸盐、 甲磺酸盐、 葡糖酸 盐、 糖二酸盐、 苯甲酸盐、 乙磺酸盐、 苯磺酸盐、 以及对甲苯磺酸盐。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物, 其包含式 (I) 化合物和药学上可接受的辅料, 该药物组合物是含 有足以产生抗精神病作用的本发明化合物的抗精神病组合物。 本文中的术语 "药学上可接受的辅料" 包括常规用于剂型配制的载体、 惰性稀释剂、 赋形剂、 崩解剂、 润滑剂、 甜味剂、 粘合剂等。
本发明化合物的有效剂量可与如惰性稀释剂或某种载体一起口服。 可将其包于明胶胶囊中或压制 成片。 为口服治疗的目的, 本发明化合物可与赋形剂一起使用并以片剂、 锭剂、 胶囊、 混悬剂、 糖浆 剂等形式使用。 这些制剂应含有至少 0.5wt%的本发明的活性化合物, 但可根据特定的剂型变化, 占单 位重量的 4%至约 70%。 在这样的组合物中活性化合物的量应达到适当的剂量。 本发明优先的组合物和 制剂的口服单位剂量含有 1.0-300毫克的本发明活性化合物。
本发明化合物可以与药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂联合应用组成药物制剂。 药学上可接受的适当 的载体包括惰性固体填充剂或稀释剂和无菌水溶液或有机溶液。
本发明化合物的用量取决于疾病或病症的类型和严重性, 还取决于对象的特征, 例如一般健康、 年龄、 性别、 体重和药物耐受性。 技术人员能够根据这些或其它因素来确定适当的剂量。 通常所用的 中枢神经系统药物的有效剂量是技术人员熟知的。 每日总剂量通常在约 0.05mg到 2000mg之间。
本发明涉及药物组合物, 其每单位剂量能提供约 0.01到 lOOOmg的活性成分。 组合物可通过任何适 当的途径施用, 例如胶囊形式口服, 以注射液的形式胃肠外施用, 以膏剂或洗剂的形式局部施用, 以 栓剂的形式直肠施用, 以贴片的传递系统的形式经皮施用。
本发明化合物可与适当的固体或液体载体或稀释剂组合形成胶囊、 片剂、 丸剂、 散剂、 糖浆剂、 溶液剂等。片剂、丸剂、胶囊等包含约 0.01到约 99重量百分比的活性成分和粘合剂例如明胶、玉米淀粉、 阿拉伯树胶; 赋形剂例如磷酸氢钙; 崩解剂例如玉米淀粉、 马铃薯淀粉或藻酸; 润滑剂例如硬脂酸镁; 和甜味剂例如蔗糖、 乳糖。 当制剂形式为胶囊时, 除上述类型的原料外, 还可包含液体载体, 例如油 脂。
对于胃肠外施用, 本发明化合物可与无菌水或有机介质组合形成可注射的溶液或悬液。 通式 (I) 的化合物可以含有手性中心, 且由此可以以不同对映体和非对映体形式存在。 本发明涉 及通式 (I) 化合物的所有旋光异构体和所有立体异构体, 作为这类化合物的外消旋混合物和各对映体 和非对映体的形式,且本发明分别涉及如上述所定义的含有或使用它们的所有药物组合物和治疗方法。
此外, 本发明还提供本发明化合物以及包含本发明化合物的药物组合物在制备用于治疗或预防中 枢神经系统疾病的药物中的应用, 所述中枢神经系统疾病选自精神障碍、 精神分裂症、 焦虑症、 人格 障碍、 抑郁症、 狂躁症、 偏头痛、 癫痫或痉挛性障碍、 儿童期障碍、 帕金森病、 认知障碍、 神经变性、 神经毒性和局部缺血; 优选精神分裂症。 本发明的有益效果:
体外受体结合试验表明, 本发明化合物对多巴胺 D2, D3, 5HT1A和 5HT2A受体具有较高的亲和 力,尤其对 5-HT1A和 D3受体的亲和力非常高,因此能显著的改善精神分裂症的阴性症状和认知障碍, 同时对 D2和 5-HT2A亲和力较高, 从而对阳性和阴性症状都有效, 并能减少锥体外系等不良反应。 另 外对与 5-HT2C (降低慢性下的肥胖风险治疗) 亲和力低, 可以降低 EPS、 乳泌素增加、 体重增加和 QI间隙延长等副作用的发生。
动物试验结果显示, 这类化合物既能明显改善 MK-801诱导的高活动性, 又能有效的改善阿扑吗啡 诱导的攀爬症状, 并且在有效剂量下不引起 EPS。表明其有明显的抗精神分裂作用。 由于这些体外作用 靶点和体内药理模型与多巴胺功能紊乱导致的神经系统疾病, 特别是精神分裂症密切相关, 因此提示 本发明化合物具有预防或治疗神经精神类疾病的作用, 尤其对精神分裂症有治疗作用。
本发明提供的新化合物, 在对 CN 201110086701.8中公布的苯并吡喃-哌嗪类化合物做进一步修饰, 得到的新化合物具有比原化合物更好的抗精神分裂症活性, 体外试验显示, 相比 CN 201110086701.8公 开的优选化合物 A和 B在保持了与 D2和 5-HT2A高亲和力的情况下, 对 5-HT1A和 D3受体的亲和力非常 高, 有可能显著地改善精神分裂症的阴性症状和认知障碍并减少锥体外系等不良反应。
体内试验研究显示, 本发明化合物与 CN 201110086701.8公布的化合物相比, 僵住症 /MK-801诱导 高活动性以及僵住症 /阿扑吗啡攀爬的比值比较大, 说明该类化合物锥体外系副作用可能会比较低。
下面的实施例只是以说明为目的而不作为对本发明的限制。 实施例
一般而言, 可以通过以上通用反应路线所示的方法, 或者通过其变形, 使用易得的原料、 试剂和 常规的合成操作, 制备本发明化合物。 在这些反应中, 还可能使用本领域已知但未在本文中提及的不 同形式。 原料或是可商购的, 或是按照实施例中所述合成的, 或是可以通过本领域技术人员公知的方 法得到。
A、 合成实施例
实施例 1、 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮 (1 ) ;
Figure imgf000007_0001
Figure imgf000007_0002
1 )取间苯二酚 5.5g, d,l-苹果酸 6.7g,加入 70% HC104 50ml, 加热到 90°C反应,溶液慢慢变澄清, 4 小时后反应完毕, 冷至室温, 将反应液倒入冰水混合物中, 有大量固体析出, 过滤, 滤饼水洗, 用 95%的乙醇重结晶得白色晶体 4.5g, 熔点 226-228°C, 收率 60.8%。
2 ) 取第一步产物 5g, 无水碳酸钾 6g, 丙酮 50ml, 1,4-二溴丁垸 8.2g, 加热回流反应 6小时, 冷 至室温, 过滤, 蒸干溶剂, 得浅黄色油状物, 过柱得白色固体 5.4g, 熔点 55-57°C, 收率 60.7%。
3 )取第二步产物 0.52g, 加入 1-(2-甲氧基苯基)哌嗪氢溴酸盐 0.65g, 无水碳酸钾 2g, 碘化钾 0.2g 和乙腈 25ml, 加热回流反应 12小时, 冷至室温, 蒸干溶剂, 加入适量二氯甲垸, 水洗, 分去水层, 有机层加无水硫酸镁干燥, 蒸干溶剂, 得浅黄色油状物, 柱层析得白色固体 0.55g。
¾ NMR(CDC13) δ 1.73-1.88 (m, 4H), 2.49 (t,2H,J=15.2Hz), 2.68 (s, br, 4H), 3.11 (s, br, 4H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 4.06 (t,2H,J=12.4Hz), 6.24 (d,lH,J=9.2Hz), 6.81-7.00 (m, 6H), 7.36 (d,lH,J=8.8Hz),7.63 (d,lH,J=9.6Hz). MS (ESI) m/z 409.3 ([M+H]+) 实施例 2、 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮 (2 )
1 ) 取 30ml浓硫酸, 冰浴下搅拌, 加入间苯二酚 5.5g, 滴加乙酰乙酸乙酯 9.2g, 溶液由浅黄变为 黄色, 18小时后反应完毕, 将反应液倒入冰水混合物中, 析出白色固体, 过滤, 滤饼水洗至中性, 用
75%的乙醇重结晶得白色晶体 8.5g, 熔点 186-188°C, 收率 73.9%。
2 )取第一步产物 5g, 无水碳酸钾 6g, 丙酮 50ml和 1,4-二溴丁垸 8.7g, 加热回流反应 4小时, 冷 至室温, 过滤, 蒸干溶剂, 得浅黄色油状物, 过柱得白色固体 6.5g, 熔点 58-60°C, 收率 77.8%。
3 ) 取第二步产物 0.5g, 加入 1-(2-甲氧基苯基)哌嗪氢溴酸盐 0.6g, 无水碳酸钾 2g, 碘化钾 0.2g 和乙腈 25ml,加热回流 20小时,冷至室温,过滤,蒸干溶剂,得浅黄色油状物,过柱得白色固体 0.52g。
¾ NMR(CDC13) δ 1.68-1.88 (m, 6H), 2.40 (s, 3H), 2.47 (t,2H,J=15.2Hz), 2.68 (s, br, 4H), 3.11 (s, br, 4H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 4.06 (t,2H,J=12.8Hz), 6.13 (s,lH), 6.81-7.00 (m, 6H), 7.49 (d,lH,J=8.8Hz). m/z 423.3([M+H]+). 实施例 3、 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-苯基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮 (3 )
1 )取间苯二酚 5.5g, 苯甲酰乙酸乙酯 9.6g, 再加入 30ml磷酸, 室温搅拌, 溶液由浅黄变为黄色, 12小时后反应完毕, 将反应液倒入冰水混合物中, 有大量固体析出, 过滤, 滤饼水洗, 用 95%的乙醇 重结晶得白色晶体 9.3g, 熔点 237-239°C, 收率 80.9%。
2 ) 取第一步产物 4.8g, 无水碳酸钾 6g, 丙酮 50ml和 1,4-二溴丁垸 8.4g, 加热回流反应 4小时, 冷至室温, 过滤, 旋干溶剂, 过柱得白色固体 5.6g, 熔点 67-69°C, 收率 78.0%。
3 ) 取第二步产物 0.5g, 加入 1-(2-甲氧基苯基)哌嗪氢溴酸盐 0.6g, 无水碳酸钾 2g, 碘化钾 0.2g 和乙腈 25ml, 加热回流反应 24小时, 冷至室温, 过滤, 蒸干溶剂, 得浅黄色油状物, 过柱得白色固 体 0.51g, 熔点: 185-187°C, 收率 73.9%。
¾ NMR(CDC13) δ 1.75-1.90 (m, 4H), 2.51 (t,2H,J=14.8Hz), 2.69 (s, br, 4H), 3.12 (s, br, 4H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 4.08 (t,2H,J=12.4Hz), 6.21 (d,lH,J=9.2Hz), 6.77-7.00 (m, 6H), 7.36-7.51 (m, 6H). m/z 485.3([M+H]+). 实施例 4、 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )- 4- (三氟甲基) -2氢-苯并吡喃 (4 )
1 )取 30ml浓硫酸, 冰浴下搅拌, 加入间苯二酚 5.5g,滴加三氟乙酰乙酸乙酯 9.2g,溶液由浅黄变, 反应 18小时, 将反应液倒入冰水混合物中, 有大量白色固体析出, 过滤, 滤饼水洗至中性, 用 75% 的乙醇重结晶得白色晶体 8.5g, 熔点 218-220°C, 收率 73.9%。
2 ) 取第一步产物 4.6g, 无水碳酸钾 6g, 丙酮 50ml和 1,4-二溴丁垸 8.4g, 加热回流反应 4小时, - L-
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S0l76.0/Zl0ZN3/X3d 890.lO/ClOZ OAV (4) 各反应管分别加入放射性配体 3H-8-OH-DPAT ΙΟμΙ^ (各反应管均设 2个平行管, 加样时各 管置于冰上)。
(5 ) 将各反应管 37°C温孵 10 mm, 反应完毕, 结合的配基通过减压快速过滤, 用冰冷的试验缓 冲液充分洗涤, 将滤片取出放到 3ml闪烁杯中, 加入 2ml的甲苯闪烁液并混匀;
(6) 将闪烁瓶放入液闪计数仪计数
抑制率 (I %)= (总结合管 cpm -化合物 cpm)/ (总结合管 cpm -非特异结合管 cpm)xl00% 化合物每次实验做两个平行试样。
实验结果见表 1。 实施例 12、 5HT2A受体的抑制
5151^膜的制备
大鼠断头,冰上操作,迅速取脑纹状体,将 2个纹状体合到一根离心试管中,加入 3ml缓冲液 (0.05M 的 Tris-HCl缓冲液: 取 6.05gTris溶于 1000ml双蒸水中, 用浓 HC1调 PH为 7.5; 下同) 匀浆 3-4 s, 匀浆 4次, 匀浆 4次, 然后加入 5ml缓冲液, 于 37°C孵化 10mm, 孵化完后试管用天平调整重量, 在 12000r, 4°C离心20 mm, 弃上清液, 加入 3ml缓冲液用旋涡混合器混匀, 再加入 5ml缓冲液, 离心,
(重复三次离心), 离心完毕, 弃上清液, 将沉淀于 -80°C储存备用。
受体结合实验材料:
同位素配基 [3H]- Ketanserin (67.0Ci/mmol), 购自 PerkinElmer公司; Methysergide, 购自 RBI 公司; GF/C玻璃纤维滤纸, 购自 Whatman公司; Tris进口分装; PPO、 POPOP购自上海试剂一厂; 脂溶性闪烁液。 Beckman LS-6500型多功能液体闪烁计数仪。
实验方法:
( 1 ) 先将制备好的膜用适量的缓冲液在匀浆机分散均匀, 备用。
(2) 各反应管分别加入膜制备物 ΙΟΟμΙ^, 缓冲液 ΙΟΟμΙ^
(3 ) 总结合管 (ΤΒ) 加入 ΙΟΟμΙ^匀浆液, 非特异性结合管 (ΝΒ ) 加入 Methysergide ΙΟΟμΙ^ (终 浓度 10—5Μ), 各受试化合物特异性结合管 (SB ) 加入 IOO L受试化合物 (终浓度 10—5M ) ;
(4) 各反应管分别加入放射性配体 3H-Ketanserm ΙΟμΙ^ (各反应管均设 2个平行管, 加样时各管 置于冰上)。
(5 ) 将各反应管 37°C温孵 15 mm, 反应完毕, 结合的配基通过减压快速过滤, 用冰冷的洗涤, 将滤片取出放到 3ml闪烁杯中, 加入 2ml的甲苯闪烁液并混匀;
(6) 将闪烁瓶放入液闪计数仪计数
抑制率 (I %)= (总结合管 cpm -化合物 cpm)/ (总结合管 cpm -非特异结合管 cpm)xl00% 化合物每次实验做两个平行试样。
实验结果见表 1。 实施例 13、 D2受体的抑制
D2膜的制备
大鼠断头,冰上操作,迅速取脑纹状体,将 2个纹状体合到一根离心试管中,加入 3ml缓冲液 (0.05M 的 Tris-HCl缓冲液, 含 NaCl 120mM、 KC1 5mM、 MgCl2 lmM、 CaCl2 ImM; 下同), 匀浆 3-4 s, 匀 浆 4次, 然后加入 5ml缓冲液, 将匀浆完的试管用天平调整重量, 在 12000r, 4°C离心20 mm, 弃上 清液, 加入 3ml3ml缓冲液, 用旋涡混合器混匀, 再加入 5ml3ml缓冲液,离心, 重复三次离心, 离心完 毕, 弃上清液, 将沉淀于 -80°C储存备用。 受体结合实验材料:
同位素配基 3H-Spiperone (67.0Ci/mmol), 购自 PerkinElmer公司; Butaclamol, 购自 RBI公司; GF/C玻璃纤维滤纸, 购自 Whatman公司; Tris进口分装; PPO、 POPOP购自上海试剂一厂; 脂溶性 闪烁液。 Beckman LS-6500型多功能液体闪烁计数仪。
实验方法:
( 1 ) 先将制备好的膜用适量的 3ml缓冲液, 备用。
(2 ) 各反应管分别加入膜制备物 ΙΟΟμΙ^, 缓冲液 ΙΟΟμΙ^
( 3 ) 总结合管 (ΤΒ ) 加入 ΙΟΟμΙ^匀浆液, 非特异性结合管 (ΝΒ ) 加入 ΙΟΟμΙ^ Butaclamol (终浓 度 10—5M), 各受试化合物特异性结合管 (SB ) 加入 IOO L受试化合物 (终浓度 10—5M ) ;
(4 ) 各反应管分别加入放射性配体 ¾-Spiper0ne ΙΟμΙ^ (各反应管均设 2个平行管, 加样时各管 置于冰上)。
( 5 ) 将各反应管 37°C温孵 20 mm, 反应完毕, 结合的配基通过减压快速过滤, 用冰冷的试验缓 冲液充分洗涤, 将滤片取出放到 3ml闪烁杯中, 加入 2ml的甲苯闪烁液并混匀;
( 6 ) 将闪烁瓶放入液闪计数仪计数
抑制率 (I %)= (总结合管 cpm -化合物 cpmy (总结合管 cpm -非特异结合管 cpm)x l00% 化合物每次实验做两个平行试样。
实验结果见表 1。 实施例 14、 D3受体的抑制
细胞
HEK-293细胞(购自 Perkinelmer),经 48-72小时后受体蛋白在膜上大量表达,将细胞 lOOOrpm离 心 5 mm后弃上清, 收胞体, 存放于 -200C冰箱保存。 实验时用 Tns-Cl(pH 7.4) 重悬。
实验材料:
D3受体同位素配基 [3H] -Spiperone, 购自 Amersham公司; (+ ) Butaclamol, 购自 RBI公司; GF/C 玻璃纤维滤纸, 购自 Whatman公司; 脂溶性闪烁液。 Tns由吉泰科技有限公司分装。
实验方法:
受体竞争结合实验: 将受试化合物与放射性配基各 20ul及 160ul受体蛋白加入反应试管中, 使受 试化合物及阳性药物 (即 (+ ) Butaclamol) 终浓度均为 l(^mol/L, 30°C水浴孵育 50 min后, 即刻移 至冰浴终止其反应; 在 MUUpore细胞样品收集器上, 经过 GF/C玻璃纤维滤纸快速抽滤, 并用洗脱液 (50 mM Tris-HCl, PH 7.4)3 ml X 3次, 用微波炉 4〜5 min烘干, 将滤纸移入 0.5 ml离心管中, 加入 500 ul脂溶性闪烁液。 避光静置 30 mm以上, 计数测定放射性强度。 按以下公式计算各受试化合物对同位 素配基结合的抑制率百分率:
抑制率 (I %)= (总结合管 cpm -化合物 cpm)/ (总结合管 cpm -非特异结合管 cpm)x l00% 实验结果见表 1。 实施例 15、 5HT2C受体的抑制
大鼠断头,冰上操作,迅速取脑纹状体,将 2个纹状体合到一根离心试管中,加入 3ml缓冲液 ( 0.05M 的 Tris-HCl缓冲液: 取 6.05gTris溶于 1000ml双蒸水中, 用浓 HC1调 PH为 7.5, 下同) 匀浆 3-4 s, 匀浆 4次, 然后加入 5ml缓冲液, 于 37°C孵化 10mm, 孵化完后试管用天平调整重量, 在 12000r, 4°C 离心 20 mm, 弃上清液, 加入 3ml缓冲液, 用旋涡混合器混匀, 再加入 5ml缓冲液, 离心, (重复三 次离心), 离心完毕, 弃上清液, 将沉淀于 -80°C储存备用。 受体结合实验材料:
同位素配基 [3H]-mesulergine (67.0Ci/mmol), 购自 PerkinElmer公司; mianserin, 购自 RBI公司; GF/C玻璃纤维滤纸, 购自 Whatman公司; Tris进口分装; PPO、 POPOP购自上海试剂一厂; 脂溶性 闪烁液。 Beckman LS-6500型多功能液体闪烁计数仪。
实验方法:
( 1 ) 先将制备好的膜用适量的 3ml缓冲液, 备用。
(2) 各反应管分别加入膜制备物 ΙΟΟμΙ^, 缓冲液 ΙΟΟμΙ^
(3 ) 总结合管(ΤΒ )加入 IOO L匀浆液, 非特异性结合管 (NB )加入 mianserin 100 μΐ^ (终浓度 10— 5Μ), 各受试化合物特异性结合管 (SB ) 加入 IOO L受试化合物 (终浓度 10—5M ) ;
(4) 各反应管分别加入放射性配体 [3H]-meSulergme ΙΟμΙ^ (各反应管均设 2个平行管, 加样时各 管置于冰上)。
(5 ) 将各反应管 37°C温孵 15 mm, 反应完毕, 结合的配基通过减压快速过滤, 用冰冷的缓冲液 充分洗涤, 将滤片取出放到 3ml闪烁杯中, 加入 2ml的甲苯闪烁液并混匀;
( 6 ) 将闪烁瓶放入液闪计数仪计数
抑制率 (I %)= (总结合管 cpm -化合物 cpmy (总结合管 cpm -非特异结合管 cpm)xl00% 化合物每次实验做两个平行试样。
实验结果见表 1。
由表 1所示的体外实验结果表明化合物 2、 6和 8对四种受体 (02,03,5151^和 5HT2A) 较强的亲 和力, 而对 5HT2C的亲和力低。 实施例 16、 对 MK-801诱导的高活动性小鼠的体内抗精神分裂活性
实验动物及试剂
健康昆明种小鼠, 雌雄各半, 体重 (20±2)g, 由南京青龙山动物养殖中心提供。
抗坏血酸, 国药集团化学试剂有限公司;
MK-801 , 由美国 Sigma公司生产, 配制方法: 用 0.1%的维生素 C配成 lmg/ml的溶液; 受试阳性药物: 氟哌啶醇、 氯氮平、 利培酮、 奧氮平、 阿立哌唑、 齐拉西酮、 奎硫平; 吐温 80, 浓度 10%。
实验方法
选择体重合格的小鼠, 随机分为空白组、 模型组、 阳性对照组(利培酮组)、 药物组。 空白组、 模 型组灌胃 10%吐温 0.1ml/10g,阳性对照组灌胃给利培酮 0.1mg/kg,药物组分别灌胃给与相应剂量药物。 给药后 lh空白组腹腔注射 0.1%抗坏血酸 O.lml Og, 模型组、 阳性对照组 (30mm)、 药物组腹腔注射 MK-801溶液 0.1mg/kg。 其后测定各组小鼠 90分钟内自发活动。 结果见表 2。 实施例 17、 阿扑吗啡诱导小鼠攀爬实验
实验动物
健康 KM小鼠, 雄性, 体重 18〜22g, 由南京青龙山动物养殖中心提供。
主要试剂
受试阳性药物: 氟哌啶醇、 氯氮平、 利培酮、 奧氮平、 阿立哌唑、 齐拉西酮、 奎硫平; 阿扑吗啡, Sigma公司提供, 临用前 0.9 % NaCl (含 0.1% 维生素 C) 溶解, 现配现用; 维生素 C, F20061113, 国药集团化学试剂有限公司;
氯化钠注射液, H32026305, 徐州市第五制药厂有限公司。 仪器:自制攀爬笼, 秒表。
实验方法:阿扑吗啡诱导小鼠攀爬实验
KM小鼠, 雄性, 体重 18〜22g, 随机分为阴性对照组、 模型组、 阳性药物各剂量组 (利培酮、 阿 立哌唑、 齐拉西酮、 奎硫平、 奧氮平、 氟哌啶醇、 氯氮平) 以及化合物各剂量组 (具体给药剂量见下 表),每组 10只。阴性对照组和模型组灌胃给予相应溶剂双蒸水,阳性药物组灌胃给予相应阳性药物(溶 解时先加微量乙酸, 再加双蒸水), 化合物各剂量组灌胃给予相应剂量化合物, 灌胃体积为 0.1ml/10g。 灌胃给药 1小时后皮下注射阿扑吗啡 (lmg/kg), 体积为 0.1ml/10g。 注射阿扑吗啡后, 立即放入攀爬笼 中, 适应 5分钟, 观察注射阿扑吗啡后第 10-11, 20-21, 30-31分钟的行为并进行评分, 化合物组能明显 缩短持续攀爬总路程数, 与空白对照组、模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01 )。 实验结果见下表 3。 实施例 18、 僵住症实验
动物的僵住症是指一种以肌肉强直和运动不能为特征的状态, 是研究锥体外系功能状况常用的动 物模型。 多种药物, 包括安定剂和阿片受体激动剂等均可诱发僵住症。 通常认为, 僵住症与中枢神经 系统中乙酰胆碱 /多巴胺功能的平衡失调有关。 研究资料表明, 在黑质纹状体存在 DA-Ach-GAB-ADA 神经环路, 该神经环路与僵住症密切相关。 阿片神经元从该环路的旁侧参与控制 DA神经元或 GABA神 经元。 (陆颖、 韩容、 梁建辉, 曲马朵对吗啡所致小鼠僵住症的影响, 中国药理学与毒理学杂志, 2004,18(5): 360-364 )
实验动物
健康昆明种小鼠, 雌雄各半, (22±2)g, 由南京青龙山动物养殖中心提供。
主要试剂:
受试药、 化合物 A、 化合物 B、 氟哌啶醇、 氯氮平、 利培酮、 奧氮平、 阿立哌唑、 齐拉西酮 仪器:
自制抓棒器材: 小鼠盒内放置直径 0.3 cm, 高于工作台 5 cm的不锈钢棒。
实验方法:
KM小鼠, 雌雄各半, 体重 20〜24g, 随机分为阴性对照组、 模型组、 阳性药物各剂量组(利培酮、 阿立哌唑、 齐拉西酮、 奎硫平、 奧氮平、 氟哌啶醇、 氯氮平) 以及化合物各剂量组, 每组 10只。 阴性 对照组和模型组灌胃给予相应溶剂双蒸水, 阳性药物组灌胃给予相应阳性药物(溶解时先加微量乙酸, 再加双蒸水),化合物各剂量组灌胃给予相应剂量化合物,灌胃体积为 O.lml Og。灌胃给药 30mm、60mm、 90mm时, 将小鼠两只前爪轻柔地放在长 20cm, 直径 0.3cm, 高于工作台 5.5cm的小棒上, 再将动物后肢 轻放于盒底面, 记录小鼠两只前爪在棒上保持姿势的持续时间, 以 30s僵直不动为阳性反应。 如果小鼠 前爪一直没有放下, 60 s时终止观察。 统计每个化合物剂量组阳性反应动物数, 结果见表 3。
本实验结果表明: 与模型组相比, 利培酮, 化合物 2, 6和 8既能明显改善 MK-801诱导的高活动 性, 又能有效的改善阿扑吗啡诱导的攀爬症状, 并且在有效剂量下不引起 EPS, 表明其有明显的抗精 神分裂作用。 实施例 19、 急性毒性研究
序贯法之限度实验 取 KM 小鼠, 雌雄各半, 随机分为若干组, 每组 2-5 只, 分别为各化合物 2000mg/kg组和溶剂组, 按 0.2ml/10g灌胃给药。 观察动物 3日内的死亡情况。 (如果动物在三日内有 3只或 3只以上存活, 生命状态无明显异常时, 继续观察, 直至 7日后实验结束。 如果动物在三日内 死亡 3只或 3只以上时, 采用半数致死量法测定其 LD50。)
半数致死量法预试验 取 KM 小鼠, 雌雄各半, 随机分若干组, 每组 4 只, 分别为各化合物 1500mg/kg、 lOOOmg/kg, 500mg/kg组和溶剂组, 按 0.2ml/10g灌胃给药, 观察动物 1-3日内的死亡情 况。
结果见表 3 : 化合物 2、 6和 8的小鼠单次灌服的 LD5()大于 2000mg/kg, 与阿立哌唑 (93 mg/kg) 和齐拉西酮 ( > 2000mg/kg) 相当, 远远高于利培酮 (82.1mg/kg), 具有较小的急性毒性。
Figure imgf000015_0001
化合
101.3% 3.52 a 0.39 a 100.4% 91.4% 物 B 阿
24.3 a 3.3 a 11.5a 37.9 a 99.8% 哌
a表示单元格中数据为 IC5。值) 表 2.化合物对 MK-801高活动小鼠 90min内活动路程的影响
ο
剂量 活动总路程
化合物
(mg/kg) ( cm)
模型组 - 25445.72士 6888.12# 空白组 - 9221.86士 5118.11
30 8434.72±7864.50"
20 6641.35士 2251.52** 化合物 2 10 12987.51士 7859.06**
5 15545.74士5475.41"
3 20612.66±9886.01
100 6754.61士 4932.26**
30 7753.56士 3681.67**
10 13374.52士 5210.38" 化合物 6
5 22672.82士 10538.51
3 24588.83士 7617.21
100 5635.87士 1799.20**
50 10238.82±4269.95" 化合物 8 30 16133.47士 7769.48*
20 12916.50士 3627.24"
10 20511.26士 7858.02 注: 与模型组比较: **p<0.01, * p<0.05, 与空白组比较: # p<0.01 t 表 3.优选化合物体内动物模型试验结果
化合物编 LD50 MK-801诱导高活 阿朴吗啡诱导 僵 住 症 僵住症 / 僵住症 / 口
(po,mg/kg) 的攀爬(ED (ED50,po,mg/kg) MK-801 阿朴吗 po,mg/kg) po,mg/kg) 诱导高 啡诱导 活动性 的攀爬
2 >2000 0.47 1.06 26.71 56.83 25.20
6 >2000 2.51 3.62 201.20 80.16 55.58 8 >2000 0.23 0.27 22.45 97.61 83.15 化合物 A >2000 0.61 0.32 1.41 2.35 4.41 化合物 B >2000 0.32 0.11 0.68 2.13 6.18 氟哌啶醇 20 7.42 0.10 0.44 4.40 4.89 氯氮平 150 2.28 17.92 >50 >21.93 >5.58 利培酮 82.1 0.01 0.015 0.92 92.00 61.33 奧氮平 177 0.10 0.11 2.23 22.30 20.27 阿立哌唑 93 0.12 0.66 2.40 20.00 11.43 齐拉西酮 >2000 0.56 0.37 30.40 54.29 82.16 奎硫平 800 10.1 2.02 800.00 79.21 396.04 表 3中的化合物 A和化合物 B为 CN201110086701.8中公开的化合物, 结构见表 1, 制备方法见 CN201110086701.8说明书实施例 1和实施例 7。
C、 制剂实施例
本发明制剂处方的典型实施例如下:
实施例 20、 片剂
活性成分 (化合物 2 ) lOOmg
微晶纤维素 50mg
乳糖 lOOmg
聚维酮 K30 9 mg
羧甲淀粉钠 12 mg
二氧化硅 2.5mg
硬脂酸镁 1.5mg
原辅料过 80目筛备用, 称取处方量活性成分、 微晶纤维素、 乳糖、 聚维酮 K30, 加入到高速混合 制粒机中, 低速搅拌混合均匀, 加入适量纯化水, 低速搅拌, 高速切割制粒, 湿颗粒 60°C干燥 3h, 24 目筛整粒, 加入处方量羧甲淀粉钠、 二氧化硅和硬脂酸镁, 总混, 旋转压片机压片。 实施例 21、 胶囊剂 (230mg)
活性成分 (化合物 6 ) lOOmg
乳糖 80 mg
淀粉 40 mg
聚维酮 K30 7 mg
二氧化硅 2 mg
硬脂酸镁 1 mg
原辅料过 80目筛备用, 称取处方量活性成分、 乳糖、 淀粉、 聚维酮 K30, 加入到高速混合制粒机 中, 低速搅拌混合均匀, 加入适量纯化水, 低速搅拌, 高速切割制粒, 湿颗粒 60°C干燥 3h, 24 目筛 整粒, 加入处方量二氧化硅和硬脂酸镁, 总混, 胶囊灌装机填充胶囊。 实施例 22、 悬液
制备用于口服施用的水悬液, 每一毫升中包含 1到 5mg的实施例 1~10中的所述任一种本发明化 合物、 50mg的羧甲基纤维素钠、 lmg的安息香酸钠、 500mg山梨醇和水 (加至 lml)。 实施例 23、 注射剂
通过将 1.5Wt%的本发明化合物置于含 10体积%的丙二醇的水中搅拌来制备胃肠外的组合物。 实施例 24、 栓剂
将 20mg化合物 8与 100g大豆卵磷脂和 1400g可可油一起熔化, 倒入模具中使其冷却。每支栓剂 含 20mg活性成分。 应当认为合理的变化并不偏离本发明的范围。 对于本领域技术人员明显的是, 如上所述的本发明 可在许多方面进行变化。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种具有式 (
Figure imgf000019_0001
其中,
虚线处为单键或双键;
、 或 分别独立地选自氢、 卤素、 氰基、 羟基、 芳基、 d_5垸基或 d_5垸氧基, 所述芳基、 d_5 垸基或 垸氧基任选地被一个或多个独立地选自 ¾素、 氨基和羟基的取代基取代;
选自氢或 垸基。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于所述的 选自 氢、 苯基、 ¾代苯基、 d_5垸基、 _5¾代垸基或 d_5羟垸基。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于所述的 选自 氢、 苯基、 甲基、 三氟甲基或羟甲基。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于: 所述的 或 R4分别独立地选自氢、 卤素或 d_5垸基。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于所述的 R3为氢、 氯或甲基; 所述 为氢或氯。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于: 所述的 ¾选 自氢或甲基。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于: 所述的 、 R3、 为氢时, 选自氢、 苯基、 甲基、 三氟甲基或羟甲基。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其特征在于: 当所述的 为氯时, 为甲基, 、 为氢; 当所述的 为氢时, 为甲基, 为氢或甲基, 为氯或甲基。
9、 根据权利要求 1 8中任一项所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其选自:
( 1 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
(2) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 3 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-苯基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
(4) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-三氟甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
(5 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-羟甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 6) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -8-氯 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
(7 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4,8-二甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
( 8 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -6-氯 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
(9 ) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-3,4-二甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮; ( 10) 7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -2-烯丁氧基)) -4-甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮; 以及它们的药学上可 接受的盐。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐, 其选自:
7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -8-氯 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮;
7-(4-(4-(2-甲氧基苯基哌嗪) -正丁氧基) )-4-甲基 -6-氯 -2氢-苯并吡喃 -2-酮; 以及它们的药学上可接受 的盐。
11、 一种药物组合物, 其特征在于: 该药物组合物包含权利要求 1所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其 药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的辅料。
12、权利要求 1所述的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于预防或治疗中枢神经 系统疾病的药物中的应用。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的应用, 其特征在于: 所述中枢神经系统疾病选自精神障碍、 精神分裂 症、 焦虑症、 人格障碍、 抑郁症、 狂躁症、 偏头痛、 癫痫或痉挛性障碍、 儿童期障碍、 帕金森病、 认 知障碍、 神经变性、 神经毒性和局部缺血; 优选精神分裂症。
PCT/CN2012/079405 2011-08-01 2012-07-31 取代的苯并吡喃酮类衍生物及其应用 WO2013017068A1 (zh)

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