WO2013015316A1

WO2013015316A1 - Masonry building and method for constructing masonry building

Info

Publication number: WO2013015316A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/068840
Authority: WO
Inventors: 信治中田; 横山　伸一; 暁矢崎; 正治倉地
Original assignee: 旭化成ホームズ株式会社
Priority date: 2011-07-26
Filing date: 2012-07-25
Publication date: 2013-01-31
Also published as: CN103827410B; US20140196398A1; TW201315873A; CN103827410A; JPWO2013015316A1

Abstract

A masonry building is provided with a lower lateral rack member, two vertical members extending upward toward the top of the lower horizontal rack member, a wall body comprising a plurality of block members joined together in the horizontal direction and vertical direction above the lower horizontal rack member and between the two vertical members, and a dry-type upper horizontal rack member supported by an upper end of the wall body and bonded to the two vertical members.

Description

Masonry building and construction method of masonry building

The present invention relates to a masonry building and a method for constructing a masonry building.

Traditionally, masonry structures have been used for building walls (structural walls) by stacking block materials such as bricks and concrete blocks. In Japan, where there are many earthquakes, in order to improve earthquake resistance It has been practiced to provide a hollow portion in the massive material and insert a reinforcing bar into the hollow portion for reinforcement.

¡Joint mortar is placed on the joints of the walls to join the block materials. At this time, since the dried brick and concrete block have high water absorption, the moisture of the joint mortar may be absorbed and sufficient strength may not be obtained. For this reason, the work which wets a block material with water beforehand is required. Further, in order to prevent the joint mortar from being crushed by the weight of the block material, it is necessary to stack the block material after a certain time until the joint mortar is cured to some extent. In addition, it is necessary to place filling mortar in the hollow part of the block material into which the reinforcing bar is inserted in order to integrate the block material and the reinforcing bar. It is necessary to harden with (beams connecting the tops of the walls assembled in masonry. The same shall apply hereinafter, circular girder.)

As such a masonry building, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known. The masonry building described in Patent Document 1 includes a wall body configured by placing concrete inside a concrete block, and the girder is formed of concrete. Such a girder is formed by placing a formwork on the girder part and placing concrete. This masonry building is reinforced with steel columns and beams.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-316090

In conventional masonry buildings, as described above, wet construction (such as concrete construction and plastering work, which is completed with construction using water-mixed material, dried and cured. The same applies hereinafter. There were many wet constructions), and it was necessary to attach and detach the formwork to form the girder. The steel pillars and beams provided in the masonry building of Patent Document 1 are merely reinforcing members, and have not contributed to the solution of such problems. As described above, it has heretofore been required to save labor during construction and to shorten the construction period.

Also, in conventional masonry buildings, it was difficult to stack block materials with high accuracy when stacking block materials such as concrete blocks. Therefore, when the skill of the operator is low, for example, the position of the block material may be shifted in the thickness direction or tilted with respect to the vertical direction. In that case, there is a problem that the accuracy of construction such as straightness and uprightness of the wall formed by the block material is lowered. The steel pillars and beams provided in the masonry building of Patent Document 1 are merely reinforcing members, and have not contributed to the solution of such problems. As described above, considerable skill is required to maintain the construction accuracy such as the straightness and uprightness of the wall.

The object of the present invention is to provide a masonry building that saves labor during construction and can shorten the construction period. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for constructing a masonry building that can maintain the accuracy of construction such as straightness and uprightness of a wall even when the skill of an operator is low. To do.

A masonry building according to one aspect of the present invention includes a lower horizontal member, two vertical members erected above the lower horizontal member, and two vertical members on the lower horizontal member. A wall body composed of a plurality of block members arranged in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction between the materials, and a dry upper horizontal material supported at the upper end of the wall body and joined to the two vertical members. It is characterized by having. Here, the lower horizontal member or the upper horizontal member corresponding to the girder is joined to the vertical member by passing the vertical member in the vertical direction (continuously), and the lower horizontal member or the upper member on the side of the vertical member. A structure in which the ends of the horizontal members are joined (this is the configuration of winning the vertical members), and the vertical members are joined to the upper and lower surfaces of the steel beam through the lower horizontal member or the upper horizontal member (continuously) in the horizontal direction. Any of the above-described structures (the above-mentioned configuration of winning the beam) and any joining structure may be used.

Dry construction means dry construction, which means that when a factory-produced standard member or unit is assembled at a construction site, it is constructed using a material mixed with water, as in concrete work or plastering work. A construction method that assembles buildings without eliminating, drying, and curing (the same applies hereinafter).

According to the masonry building according to one aspect of the present invention, the wall body is formed by a plurality of block members arranged in a row in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction on the lower horizontal member and between the two vertical members. The Further, a dry upper horizontal member is supported at the upper end of the wall body, and both ends of the upper horizontal member are joined to two vertical members. The upper horizontal member configured in this way has a function equivalent to a bridge in terms of structure. And by adopting a dry-type upper horizontal member, wet construction that has been conventionally required can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the time for construction can be saved and the work period can be shortened.

Further, the plurality of block materials are joined together by an adhesive. When joining several block materials with joint mortar like the past, it was necessary to wait until the joint mortar hardened | cured. According to the present invention, since a plurality of block members are joined together by an adhesive, such a standby need is eliminated, and the construction period can be further shortened.

Also, in the above masonry building, a groove corresponding to the side shape of the vertical member is formed, and the block member is positioned by fitting the vertical member into the groove.

Further, the vertical member has a protruding piece that is continuous in the material axis direction, and a groove corresponding to the protruding piece is formed in the block material in contact with the vertical member, and the protruding piece is fitted into the groove, whereby the block material Is positioned. In conventional masonry buildings, positioning of the block material is performed by placing mortar in the cavity of the block material. According to the present invention, the groove of the block material is fitted to the protruding piece of the vertical member and the block material is positioned, so that the positioning of the block material can be performed without requiring mortar placement as in the prior art. it can. Accordingly, labor and time can be shortened reliably and easily.

In addition, the masonry building described above includes a floor made of panel material, and the panel material is directly supported by the lower horizontal member or the upper horizontal member, or the lower horizontal member or the upper horizontal member. It is supported by a fixed floor support member. According to this configuration, since the floor can be made dry, it is possible to save labor for construction and shorten the construction period.

In addition, two vertical members for the upper floor are further erected on the two vertical members or the upper horizontal member, between the upper horizontal member and the two upper vertical members. An upper floor wall having the same configuration as the wall is formed. Here, the lower end portions of the two upper floor members may be directly supported by the upper ends of the two vertical members (for the lower floor) or may be supported on the upper surface of the upper horizontal member. According to this configuration, since the upper floor block material is stacked on the dry upper horizontal member, it is not necessary to wait until the wet material is hardened, and the construction period in a multi-storey building can be shortened. .

The upper horizontal member is supported by the upper end surface of the wall, and a cover material made of the same material as the block material is provided outside the upper horizontal member so as to be flush with the wall. It has been. According to this configuration, the entire wall surface of the building can be finished with the same texture (surface finish texture). Therefore, the designability can be improved.

A method for constructing a masonry building according to one aspect of the present invention is a method for constructing a masonry building having a wall body made of a plurality of block members stacked on a lower horizontal member. The first step of standing up the vertical member toward the upper side of the lower horizontal member, and the second step of stacking the end block member having a groove corresponding to the side shape of the vertical member along the vertical member And a third step of stacking the intermediate block material on the basis of the end block material.

According to the construction method of a masonry building according to one aspect of the present invention, the end block material having grooves corresponding to the side shape of the vertical member is stacked along the vertical member. And since the block material for intermediate parts is stacked on the basis of the block material for edge parts piled up along the vertical material, the block material for edge parts and the block material for intermediate parts are made into a straight line between two vertical materials. It can be easily arranged side by side. In addition, by stacking the end block material along the vertical member, the vertical position of the end block material can be determined accurately and easily, and further, the vertical position of the intermediate block material can be determined. Can be determined accurately and easily. Therefore, even when the skill of the worker is low, the construction accuracy such as straightness and uprightness of the wall can be maintained.

Moreover, the vertical member is provided with protruding pieces that are continuous in the material axis direction, and in the second step, end block members having grooves corresponding to the protruding pieces are stacked along the vertical member. According to this method, the construction accuracy can be reliably and easily maintained.

Here, the construction method of the masonry building described above is such that after the end block material and the intermediate block material are stacked to a predetermined height to form a wall body, A step of bridging the frame. According to this construction method, since the upper horizontal member is bridged over the upper ends of the two vertical members, the position of the upper horizontal member can be determined accurately and easily.

According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to save labor during construction and shorten the construction period. Moreover, even when the skill of the operator is low, the construction accuracy such as straightness and uprightness of the wall can be maintained.

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a masonry building according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the outside. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II shown in FIG. 1, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view indicated by A. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the masonry building as viewed from the indoor side. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of various block materials. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of various block materials. FIG. 6A is a view of the arrangement of the block material in the wall general portion as viewed from above, and FIG. 6B is a view of the arrangement of the block material in the corner of the wall body as viewed from above. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion indicated by C in FIG. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the construction procedure of a masonry building. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a construction procedure following FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a construction procedure following FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the masonry building according to the second embodiment as viewed from the indoor side. FIG. 12 is a plan sectional view of a block member and a vertical member of a masonry building according to the third embodiment. FIG. 13 is a side sectional view of a masonry building according to the third embodiment. FIG. 14 is a plan sectional view of a block member and a vertical member of a masonry building according to the fourth embodiment.

Hereinafter, a masonry building and a construction method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an elevational view when the masonry building 1 according to the present embodiment is viewed from the outside. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II shown in FIG. 1, and is an enlarged cross-sectional view indicated by A. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the masonry building 1 as viewed from the indoor side. However, in FIG. 3, in order to explain the configuration of the present embodiment, some of the block members are omitted and each component is shown in a separated state.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the masonry building 1 is a two-story masonry house. The masonry building 1 is composed of a fabric foundation 2, a vertical member 5 erected above the fabric foundation 2, and a plurality of block members 3 continuously provided in the horizontal and vertical directions on the fabric foundation 2. A steel frame 6B between the first floor and the second floor (a steel beam made of steel, the same shall apply hereinafter) 6A, a steel frame 6B between the second floor and the roof, and the first floor 8A, the second floor 8B, and the rooftop floor 8C are comprised. The masonry building 1 is an industrialized house in which many of the members used are standardized and industrialized. The masonry building 1 has a planar module M (for example, M can be set to 455 mm). A plurality of cores of the masonry building 1 (reference line in architectural design and construction. The same applies hereinafter) are set at intervals of an integral multiple of the plane module M in two orthogonal directions. A center line CL1 in the thickness direction of the girder beams 6A and 6B (the direction from the room toward the outside) coincides with the core (see, for example, FIG. 2).

Cloth foundation (continuous foundation; the same applies hereinafter) 2 is a reinforced concrete structure provided on the ground GD and functions as the foundation of the masonry building 1. The fabric foundation 2 has a portion embedded in the ground and a portion rising from the ground GD, and the upper end 2a of the rising portion is configured to be flat so that the first floor wall 4A is placed thereon. ing. The cloth foundation 2 is provided so as to extend in the horizontal direction along the core set in the masonry building 1, and is disposed immediately below the position where at least the first floor wall body 4A is provided. The cloth foundation 2 functions as a lower horizontal member for the first-floor wall body 4A. The dimension in the thickness direction of the fabric foundation 2 is the dimension in the thickness direction of the first-floor wall body 4A (the thickness dimension of the block material 3) so that the edge of the first-floor floor 8A and the first-floor wall body 4A can be placed. T) is set larger. The cloth foundation 2 has a lower end portion of the vertical reinforcing bar 31 embedded therein, and the vertical reinforcing bar 31 protrudes from the upper end 2a of the cloth base 2 and extends upward. A detailed description of the longitudinal reinforcing bar 31 will be described later.

As shown in FIG. 3, the vertical member 5 is a long steel material extending in the vertical direction. The vertical member 5 includes a vertical member 5A for the first floor, a vertical member 5B for the second floor erected above the steel beam 6A, and a vertical member for the roof erected above the steel beam 6B. (Not shown). A plurality of vertical members 5 are arranged at the intersections of the wall bodies 4, the corners of the wall bodies, the end portions of the wall bodies 4, and the like. The plurality of vertical members 5 are arranged apart from each other in the extending direction of the fabric foundation 2, the steel beam 6A, or the steel beam 6B. The center line of the vertical member 5 coincides with the core as described above. The vertical member 5 serves as a positioning reference when the plurality of block members 3 are stacked, and functions as a guide for the block member 3. Between the two vertical members 5 and 5 (see FIGS. 8 to 10), the block member 3 is stacked along the

vertical members

5 and 5, and the block member 3 stacked along the

vertical members

5 and 5 is used as a reference. By arranging the other block members 3, the accuracy of construction such as straightness and uprightness of the wall body 4 is ensured. Thus, the vertical member 5 has a function of improving workability and work accuracy. The vertical member 5 also has a function of reinforcing the wall body 4 in cooperation with the steel frame beams 6A, 6B and the like, suppressing deformation of the wall body 4 at the time of an earthquake, and improving earthquake resistance. However, since the load of the steel frame beams 6A and 6B and the block material 3 at the upper part of the

steel beam beams

6A and 6B is transmitted directly to the lower block material 3 without passing through the vertical material 5, the vertical material 5 is generally used. It does not have a function of transmitting the vertical load of the pillar to the substructure. The first floor vertical member 5A, the second floor vertical member 5B, and the roof vertical member correspond to the first floor wall body 4A, the second floor wall body 4B, and the roof wall body 4C, respectively.

The square base plate 5b is fixed to the lower ends of the

vertical members

5A and 5B for the first floor, and the square upper plate 5a is fixed to the upper ends thereof by welding. The base plate 5b at the lower end of the first floor vertical member 5A is fixed on the fabric base 2 with anchor bolts. The second floor vertical member 5B is erected on the first floor vertical member 5A by bolting the base plate 5b to the upper plate 5a of the first floor vertical member 5A. The roof vertical member is also erected on the second floor vertical member 5B in the same manner. The shape of the long part of the vertical member 5 will be described later.

The wall body 4 includes a first-floor wall body 4A, a second-floor wall body 4B, and a rooftop wall body 4C. The first floor wall 4A constitutes the wall of the first floor portion of the masonry building 1 and is provided between the fabric foundation 2 and the steel frame 6A. The lower end 4b of the first floor wall 4A is placed and fixed on the upper end 2a of the fabric foundation 2, and the steel frame 6A is placed and fixed on the upper end 4a of the first floor wall 4A. The second floor wall body 4B constitutes the wall of the second floor portion of the masonry building 1 and is provided between the steel beam 6A and the steel beam 6B. The lower end 4b of the second floor wall 4B is placed and fixed on the steel frame beam 6A, and the steel frame 6B is mounted and fixed on the upper end 4a of the second floor wall body 4B. The roof wall body 4C constitutes a parapet on the roof of the masonry building 1 and is provided above the steel frame beam 6B. The lower end 4b of the rooftop wall body 4C is placed and fixed on the steel frame beam 6B.

The wall body 4 is constituted by a plurality of block members 3 which are connected in a horizontal direction and a vertical direction between the two

vertical members

5 and 5 and joined to each other. The block members 3 adjacent in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are joined together by an adhesive. Adjacent block members 3 are fixed by this adhesive. Even if it is thin application | coating, it is preferable to apply what has a sufficient adhesive effect and does not collapse when it receives compressive force. As the adhesive, for example, resin mortar can be applied. By using such an adhesive, it is not necessary to wait for the mortar to harden unlike the joint mortar used in the conventional masonry structure, and the labor of construction can be saved.

Here, the detailed configuration of the block member 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. In this embodiment, a plurality of types of

block materials

3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G, and 3H are used. The

block materials

3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G, and 3H are standardized by setting the dimension in the length direction based on the planar module M. The material of the

block materials

3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G, 3H is, for example, lightweight cellular concrete (ALC), lightweight concrete, or other cellular concrete.

As shown in FIG. 4, the block member 3A has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and faces

end surfaces

3a and 3b facing each other in the length direction, side surfaces 3c and 3d facing each other in the thickness direction, and faces each other in the height direction. And an upper surface 3e and a lower surface 3f. The length dimension of the block material 3A, that is, the dimension between the end face 3a and the end face 3b is set to 2M, which is twice the dimension of the planar module M. The thickness dimension of the block material 3A, that is, the dimension between the side surface 3c and the side surface 3d is set to T. The height dimension of the block material 3A, that is, the dimension between the upper surface 3e and the lower surface 3f may be set to any dimension, but is set to about 1 to 1.5 times the thickness dimension T, for example. Specifically, the height dimension of the block material 3A is, for example, about 300 mm.

In the block material 3A, a long hole-shaped reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 penetrating from the upper surface 3e to the lower surface 3f is formed. The reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 has a long hole shape extending from the center line CL2 in the thickness direction toward the side surface 3c and the side surface 3d. The shape of the long hole of the reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 is set to a shape and size that are symmetrical with respect to the center line CL2. The reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 is formed at a position where the distance in the length direction from the end face 3a is M / 2 and at a position of M + M / 2. Grooves extending in the length direction along the center line CL2 are formed on the upper surface 3e and the lower surface 3f of the block material 3A (see the groove portion 14 in FIG. 2).

The

grooves

3g and 3h extending in the height direction are formed at both ends in the length direction of the block material 3A. Each of the

grooves

3g and 3h includes a rectangular shallow groove 3j slightly recessed from the end faces 3a and 3b and having a predetermined width in the thickness direction, and a slit deeply recessed from the shallow groove 3j along the center line CL2. And a deep groove 3k. The

grooves

3g and 3h are symmetrical with each other. The side surfaces of the vertical member 5 are fitted into these

grooves

3g and 3h. That is, the block material 3 A has

grooves

3 g and 3 h corresponding to the side surface shape of the vertical member 5.

The length of the block material 3B and the block material 3C is set to 2M-T / 2. Specifically, the block material 3B is configured by shortening the dimension of the end portion on the end surface 3a side of the block material 3A by T / 2. A groove 3h is formed at the end of the block material 3B on the end surface 3b side in the same manner as the block material 3A. A groove is not formed at the end of the block 3B on the end surface 3a side. About another part, it has the structure similar to 3 A of block materials. 3 C of block materials are comprised by shortening the dimension of the edge part by the side of the end surface 3b of 3 A of block materials by T / 2. A groove 3g is formed at the end of the block material 3C on the end surface 3a side in the same manner as the block material 3A. A groove is not formed at the end of the block material 3C on the end surface 3b side. About another part, it has the structure similar to 3 A of block materials.

As shown in FIG. 5, the block member 3D has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and faces

end surfaces

3a and 3b facing each other in the length direction, side surfaces 3c and 3d facing each other in the thickness direction, and faces each other in the height direction. And an upper surface 3e and a lower surface 3f. The length dimension of the block material 3D, that is, the dimension between the end face 3a and the end face 3b is set in the planar module M. The thickness dimension of the block material 3D, that is, the dimension between the side surface 3c and the side surface 3d is set to T like the block material 3A. The height dimension of the block material 3D, that is, the dimension between the upper surface 3e and the lower surface 3f is set to the same dimension as the height dimension of the block material 3A.

In the block material 3D, a long hole-shaped reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 penetrating from the upper surface 3e to the lower surface 3f is formed. The reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 has a long hole shape extending from the center line CL2 in the thickness direction toward the side surface 3c and the side surface 3d. The shape of the long hole of the reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 is set to a shape and size that are symmetrical with respect to the center line CL2. The reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 is formed at a position where the distance in the length direction from the end surface 3a is M / 2. Grooves extending in the length direction along the center line CL2 are formed on the upper surface 3e and the lower surface 3f of the block material 3D (see the groove portion 14 in FIG. 2).

The

grooves

3g and 3h extending in the height direction are formed at both ends in the length direction of the block material 3D. Each of the

grooves

3g and 3h includes a rectangular shallow groove 3j slightly recessed from the end faces 3a and 3b and having a predetermined width in the thickness direction, and a slit deeply recessed from the shallow groove 3j along the center line CL2. And a deep groove 3k. The side surfaces of the vertical member 5 are fitted into these

grooves

3g and 3h. That is, the block member 3D has

grooves

3g and 3h corresponding to the side surface shape of the longitudinal member 5.

The length of the block material 3E and the block material 3F is set to MT / 2. Specifically, the block material 3E is configured by shortening the dimension of the end portion on the end surface 3a side of the block material 3D by T / 2. A groove 3h is formed at the end of the block material 3E on the end surface 3b side in the same manner as the block material 3D. A groove is not formed at the end of the block 3E on the end surface 3a side. About another part, it has the same structure as block material 3D. The block material 3F is configured by shortening the dimension of the end portion on the end surface 3b side of the block material 3D by T / 2. A groove 3g is formed at the end on the end surface 3a side of the block material 3F in the same manner as the block material 3D. A groove portion is not formed at the end portion on the end surface 3b side of the block material 3F. About another part, it has the same structure as block material 3D.

Unlike the above-described

block materials

3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, and 3F, the block material 3G and the block material 3H are arranged along the side edge of the wall body 4 at the wall body protruding corner (corner portion). Is a covering block material. The

block materials

3G and 3H have a long shape extending in the height direction. The

block materials

3G and 3H have a length dimension set to T / 2. The thickness dimension of the

block materials

3G and 3H, that is, the dimension between the side surface 3c and the side surface 3d is set to T like the block material 3A. The height dimension of the

block materials

3G and 3H, that is, the dimension between the upper surface 3e and the lower surface 3f is set to, for example, an integral multiple of the height dimension of the block material 3A. Specifically, when the height dimension of the block material 3A is about 300 mm, the height dimension of the

block materials

3G and 3H is, for example, about 9700 times 2700 mm.

A shallow groove 3m extending in the height direction is formed at the end portion on the end surface 3b side in the length direction of the block material 3G. The shallow groove 3m has a rectangular shape that is slightly recessed from the end face 3b and has a predetermined width in the thickness direction. A shallow groove 3n extending in the height direction is formed at the end of the block material 3H on the end surface 3a side in the length direction. The shallow groove 3n has a rectangular shape that is slightly recessed from the end face 3a and has a predetermined width in the thickness direction.

1 to 3, the wall body 4 is obtained by combining the

block materials

3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F, 3G, and 3H having dimensions based on the planar module M as described above. Not only the part that spreads out flat like the general part, but also the part where the shape changes irregularly, such as the corner of the wall, the corner of the wall, and the window frame part, etc., only the standardized block material (That is, without creating a block member having a special dimension for only a certain portion).

For example, the wall body general part of the wall body 4 is configured by stacking block materials 3A having a length of 2M in the longitudinal direction. That is, the wall body general portion of the wall body 4 is configured by stacking the block materials 3A in a staggered manner with a shift of M in length so that the upper surface 3e of the block material 3A stacked one step below can be seen. (See FIG. 3). In addition, a wall body general part is a part in which a wall body protrusion corner part, a wall body entrance corner part, and a window frame part are not formed like the area | region shown by B in FIG. 1, for example.

Next, the arrangement of the vertical members 5 and the block members 3 will be described. FIG. 6A is a view of the arrangement of the block material in the wall body general portion as viewed from above, and FIG. 6B is a view of the arrangement of the block material in the wall body protruding corner portion as viewed from above. As shown in FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, the longitudinal member 5 is composed of a longitudinal member 5P having a cross section of a long portion and a longitudinal member 5Q having a T portion of a cross section of the long portion. It consists of two types of steel. The cross-shaped vertical member 5P has projecting

pieces

50, 50 on its side surface that are continuous in the material axis direction and project in a direction perpendicular to the material axis direction. The vertical member 5Q having a T-shaped cross section has a protruding piece 51 on the side surface that is continuous in the material axis direction and protrudes in a direction perpendicular to the material axis direction.

As described above, the groove 3g or the like is formed with the groove 3g or the groove 3h. As shown to Fig.6 (a), a wall general part is comprised by connecting the

block materials

3A and 3A continuously. The vertical member 5P is fitted in the groove 3g of one block member 3A and is fitted in the groove 3h of the other block member 3A. More specifically, the protruding piece 50 of the vertical member 5P is fitted in the deep groove 3k of the block member 3A. In other words, when the block members 3A are connected to each other, the groove 3g and the groove 3h form a cross-shaped space extending in the height direction of the block member 3A. The vertical member 5P is disposed in the cross-shaped space. The vertical member 5 P is sandwiched between the block members 3 A and 3 A and is included in the wall body 4. In this way, the vertical member 5P having a cross-shaped cross section can be used, for example, in the wall general portion.

Moreover, as shown in FIG.6 (b), the wall body protrusion corner part is 3A of block materials, 3C of block materials orthogonal to the block material 3A, and the elongate shape affixed on the edge part of block material 3A. It is comprised with the block material 3G. The vertical member 5Q is fitted in the groove 3g of the block member 3A and is fitted in the shallow groove 3m of the block member 3G. More specifically, the protruding piece 51 of the vertical member 5Q is fitted into the deep groove 3k of the block member 3A. In other words, when the block material 3A and the block material 3G are connected in series, the groove 3g and the shallow groove 3m form a T-shaped space extending in the height direction of the block material 3A. The vertical member 5Q is disposed in the space having a T-shaped cross section. The vertical member 5Q is sandwiched between the block member 3A and the block member 3G and is included in the wall body 4. As described above, the vertical member 5Q having a T-shaped cross section can be used, for example, at a wall projecting corner.

It can be set as appropriate to which part each

vertical member

5P, 5Q is used. For example, a longitudinal member 5P having a cross-shaped cross section may be used for a corner portion or the like other than the general wall portion, or a vertical material 5Q having a T-shaped cross section may be used for the general wall portion. The

vertical members

5P and 5Q may be used for any of the above-described first-floor wall body 4A, second-floor wall body 4B, and rooftop wall body 4C. In addition, the thickness of the block material is set larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the vertical member, or the corner block material is reinforced, so that the deep groove 3k is formed in the corner block material. If the above problem does not occur, a vertical member 5P having a cross-shaped cross section can be used at the corner.

Next, the structure of the

steel beam

6A, 6B will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 7, the steel frame beams 6 A and 6 B are laminated beams obtained by combining two channel steels. The steel frame beams 6A and 6B have the same height as the block material 3. In addition, H-section steel can also be used as the steel frame beams 6A and 6B.

Both ends of the steel frame 6A are bolted to the first floor

vertical members

5A and 5A (see also FIG. 10). A rectangular gusset plate 20 having a bolt hole 20a for joining to the first floor vertical member 5A is welded to the web (vertical portion) at both ends of the steel bridge 6A. On the other hand, a bolt hole 5c for joining the steel frame beam 6A is formed at the upper end of the first floor vertical member 5A. Using these bolt holes 20a and bolt holes 5c, the steel frame beam 6A is joined to the vertical member 5A for the first floor. The upper plate 5a of the vertical member 5A for the first floor is disposed so as to be flush with the upper end 6a of the steel frame 6A. As described above, the steel frame 6A is a dry upper horizontal member that is supported by the upper end 4a of the first-floor wall body 4A and whose both ends are joined to the two first-floor

vertical members

5A and 5A.

The cover material 21 is fixed to the outside of the steel frame beam 6A so as to be flush with the first floor wall body 4A and the second floor wall body 4B. The cover material 21 has a rectangular plate shape having the same height as the steel frame 6A, that is, the block material 3. The cover material 21 is made of the same material as the block material 3. The cover material 21 is fixed to a plate-like base material 22 arranged on the web of the steel bridge 6A with screws 23 or the like. The cover material 21 covers the steel beam 6A over the entire extending direction of the steel beam 6A, and its outer surface is exposed to the outside (see also FIG. 1). With this cover material 21, the entire wall surface of the building is finished with the same texture.

A floor support member 24 for supporting the second floor 8B is fixed at a plurality of locations in the length direction (lateral direction) inside the steel beam 6A. The floor support member 24 protrudes toward the indoor side. Between the floor support member 24 and the lower end 4b of the second floor wall 4B, a long floor mounting plate 26 having a thickness equal to the flange portion of the steel frame 6A is fixed.

The steel beam 6B arranged between the second-level wall 4B and the roof wall 4C has the same configuration as the steel beam 6A. In the same manner as the configuration around the steel bridge 6A described above, the cover member 21 and the like are provided outside the steel bridge 6B, and the floor support member 24 and the like are provided inside the steel bridge 6B. For the second floor wall 4B, the steel frame beam 6A functions as a lower horizontal member, and the steel frame beam 6B functions as an upper horizontal material. In addition, for the roof wall 4C, the steel frame 6B functions as a lower horizontal member.

Next, the configuration of the

floors

8A, 8B, 8C will be described. In the present embodiment, the

floors

8A, 8B, 8C are each made of a panel material and are made dry. The first floor 8A is configured by arranging a plurality of panel materials. As the panel material, lightweight cellular concrete (ALC panel; the same shall apply hereinafter), concrete panel, wood panel, or the like can be applied. Each panel material of the first floor 8 A is supported by the fabric foundation 2 or a steel beam spanned over the fabric foundation 2.

The second floor 8B is configured by arranging a plurality of panel materials. As the panel material, an ALC panel, a concrete panel, a wood panel, or the like can be applied. Each panel material of the second-floor floor 8B is supported by the floor support member 24 via the floor mounting plate 26, and is supported by a steel beam or the like spanned over the steel frame beam 6A.

The rooftop floor 8C is configured by arranging a plurality of panel materials. As the panel material, a structural heat insulating material such as an ALC panel can be applied. Each panel material of the rooftop floor 8C is supported by the floor support member 24 via the floor mounting plate 26, and is supported by a steel beam or the like spanned over the steel beam 6B.

The masonry building 1 is reinforced by longitudinal reinforcing bars 31 and 33. Here, a through hole extending in the vertical direction is formed in the wall body 4 so that the vertical reinforcing steel bar 31 can be passed therethrough. Further, through holes are formed in the flange portions of the steel frame beams 6A and 6B at a predetermined pitch (here, the planar module M) so that the longitudinal reinforcing reinforcing bars 31 can be passed therethrough. Specifically, the block material 3 is set to a dimension based on the planar module M for any type, and the reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 is also arranged to a dimension based on the planar module M. Therefore, even if the block members 3 are arranged in a staggered manner, the reinforcing bar insertion holes 13 formed in the one block member 3 are the same as the reinforcing bar insertion holes 13 of the lower block member 3 and the upper block member 3. It communicates with the reinforcing bar insertion hole 13. Moreover, the edge part of the longitudinal reinforcement bar 31 is passed through the through-holes of the steel frame beams 6A and 6B, and is fastened by a nut or the like.

A through hole formed by the reinforcing bar insertion hole 15 of the block member 3 and the reinforcing bar insertion hole 27 of the outer frame member, or a through hole formed by the reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 of the block member 3 and the reinforcing bar insertion hole 26 of the outer frame member. Or the groove part 14 of the block material 3 is filled with fillers, such as mortar and resin mortar.

Next, an example of a construction method for the masonry building 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 8, the fabric foundation 2 on which the longitudinal reinforcing bars 31 are raised is formed, and two first-floor longitudinal members 5 A that are separated by a predetermined distance in the extending direction of the fabric foundation 2 are erected. Here, as a vertical member 5A for the first floor, a vertical member 5P having a cross-shaped cross section is erected. The vertical member 5P has a protruding piece 50 that is continuous in the material axis direction.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the first-stage block material 3 is stacked on the upper end 2 a of the fabric foundation 2. More specifically, among the first-stage block members 3, the block member 3 closest to the first-floor vertical member 5A (the block member 3P located at the left and right ends shown in FIG. 9) is used as the first-floor vertical member 5A. Pile up along. At this time, while passing the reinforcing bar insertion hole 13 of the block material 3 through the upper end of the vertical reinforcing reinforcing bar 31 standing up, the projecting piece 50 is fitted in the groove 3g or the groove 3h formed in the block material 3, and the first floor The block material 3 is stacked so as to slide along the longitudinal member 5A. The block member 3 stacked here is an end block member 3P having a groove 3g or a groove 3h corresponding to the side shape of the vertical member 5A. The end block member 3P has a long groove corresponding to the projecting piece 50, and the end block member 3P is stacked along the first floor longitudinal member 5A, thereby facilitating positioning of the block member. ing.

Next, the block material 3 adjacent to the block material 3 is stacked on the basis of the block material 3 stacked along the vertical material 5A for the first floor. The block material 3 stacked here corresponds to the intermediate block material 3Q. The intermediate block material 3Q is stacked such that the surface thereof is flush with the surface of the end block material 3P.

When the first block material 3 is loaded, the second and subsequent block materials 3 are loaded in the same manner. At this time, the block members 3 at each stage are stacked in a zigzag pattern. In addition, the blocks 3 are stacked while being fixed with an adhesive or the like. Moreover, the horizontal reinforcement bar 32 is arrange | positioned in a horizontal direction in a predetermined | prescribed stage. In any of the steps, the block material 3 closest to the first floor vertical member 5A is first stacked along the first floor vertical member 5A, and then the block member 3 stacked along the first floor vertical member 5A. As a reference, the block material 3 arranged in parallel with the block material 3 is stacked. By such a construction method, construction accuracy such as straightness and uprightness of the wall body 4 is ensured. In addition, a first floor 8A is provided.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, after the block material 3 is stacked to the height immediately below the steel beam 6A to form the first floor wall 4A between the first floor

vertical members

5A, 5A, the first floor vertical members are formed. The steel frame 6A is spanned over the upper ends of 5A and 5A. More specifically, the steel girder 6A is placed on the upper end 4a of the first floor wall 4A, and the first floor vertical member 5A is interposed via the gusset plates 20 fixed to both ends of the steel girder 6A. On the other hand, the steel frame 6A is bolted. Further, the longitudinal reinforcing steel bar 31 is inserted into the through hole of the steel frame beam 6A and fastened with a nut.

Next, after providing the cover material 21, the floor support member 24, the floor mounting plate 26, etc., the second floor 8B is provided. Next, the second floor

vertical members

5B and 5B are erected by bolting the base plate 5b (see FIG. 3) of the second floor vertical member 5B to the upper plate 5a of the first floor vertical member 5A. Next, the second-floor wall body 4B, the rooftop floor 8C, and the like are constructed in the same manner as the first floor between the steel frame 6A and between the second-floor

vertical members

5B and 5B. Furthermore, the rooftop wall body 4C is configured in the same procedure as the first floor and the second floor.

According to the masonry building 1 of the present embodiment described above, the wall body 4 extends in the horizontal and vertical directions on the fabric foundation 2 or the steel frame beams 6A and 6B and between the two

vertical members

5 and 5. It is formed by a plurality of block members 3 connected in series, and further, dry-

type steel beams

6A and 6B are supported by the upper end 4a of the wall body 4, and both ends of the steel frames 6A and 6B are formed by two vertical members. Be joined. As described above, by employing the dry-type steel frame beams 6A and 6B, the wet work that has been conventionally required has been greatly reduced, so that the time and time required for construction are reduced and the construction period is shortened. .

When joining several block materials 3 with joint mortar like before, it was necessary to wait until the joint mortar hardened, but according to masonry building 1, several block materials 3 adhere | attach Since it is joined by the agent, there is no need for such standby, and the construction period is further shortened.

In the conventional masonry building, the block material is positioned by placing mortar in the hollow portion of the block material. However, according to the masonry building 1, the protruding piece of the vertical member 5 is provided. Since the block material 3 is positioned by fitting the deep groove 3k of the block material to 50 and 51, the positioning of the block material 3 is performed without requiring mortar placement as in the prior art, thus reducing labor. In addition, the construction period can be shortened reliably and easily.

Further, the

floors

8B and 8C made of a panel material are further provided, and each panel material of the

floors

8B and 8C is supported by the floor support member 24 fixed to the steel frame beams 6A and 6B. 8C can be made into a dry type, and the work time at the time of construction is saved and the work period is shortened accordingly.

In addition, on the two

vertical members

5A, 5A (or the

vertical members

5B, 5B for the second floor), two

vertical members

5B, 5B (or the roof vertical members) are further erected, The second-floor wall body 4B (or the rooftop wall body 4C) having the same configuration as the first-floor wall body 4A is provided between the two steel beams 6B (or the steel-frame beam 6B) and between the two second-floor

vertical members

5B and 5B. Since the upper floor block material 3 is stacked on the dry-type steel beam 6A (or the steel beam 6B), there is no need to wait until the wet material is hardened. The construction period has also been shortened.

In addition, since the cover material 21 made of the same material as the block material 3 is provided outside the

steel beam

6A, 6B so as to be flush with the wall body 4, the entire wall surface of the building is finished with the same texture. It is done. Moreover, since the vertical member 5 is enclosed by the plurality of block members 3, the appearance is not impaired by the exposure of the vertical member 5. Therefore, the designability is improved.

According to the construction method of the masonry building 1 of the present embodiment, the end block member 3P having the

grooves

3g and 3h corresponding to the side shape of the

longitudinal members

5 and 5 is stacked along the longitudinal member 5. . Since the intermediate block material 3Q is stacked with reference to the end block material 3P stacked along the vertical member 5, the end block material 3P and the intermediate block material 3Q are divided into two vertical members. It is easy to line up between 5 and 5 in a straight line. Further, by stacking the end block member 3P along the vertical member 5, the position of the end block member 3P in the vertical direction can be determined accurately and easily. The position of the direction can be determined accurately and easily. Therefore, even when the skill of the operator is low, the construction accuracy such as straightness and uprightness of the wall body 4 is maintained.

Further, the two

vertical members

5 and 5 have projecting

pieces

50 and 51 continuous in the material axis direction, and an end block material 3P having a deep groove 3k corresponding to the projecting

pieces

50 and 51 is provided as follows. It is stacked along the longitudinal member 5. By this method, the accuracy of construction is reliably and easily maintained.

Further, after the end block member 3P and the intermediate block member 3Q are stacked to a predetermined height to form the wall body 4, the steel bridge 6A is bridged over the upper ends of the two

vertical members

5, 5. Therefore, the position of the steel beam 6A can be determined accurately and easily.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the masonry building according to the second embodiment as viewed from the indoor side. The masonry building 1A shown in FIG. 11 is different from the masonry building 1 shown in FIG. 3 in that a dry-type girder 60 made of a wooden material of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape is provided instead of the steel girder 6A. It is. Even with such a masonry building 1A, the same functions and effects as the masonry building 1 and the construction method thereof are exhibited.

Further, as in the first and second embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the case where the vertical member 5 made of steel is used, and a vertical member made of another material may be used. For example, as in the masonry building 1B of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a vertical member 55 made of a prismatic woody material may be used. In this masonry building 1B, the block material 3R is used as the end block material (see FIG. 12). A groove 56 corresponding to the side shape of the vertical member 55 is formed at the end of the block member 3R. The vertical member 55 is fitted into the groove 56. The vertical member 55 is sandwiched between the block members 3 R and 3 R and is included in the wall body 4. The center line CL3 of the vertical member 55 coincides with the core of the masonry building 1B.

As shown in FIG. 13, the masonry building 1 B is provided with a dry beam 60 made of a wood-based material, like the masonry building 1 A. The bridge 60 between the first floor and the second floor is provided between the upper end of the first-floor wall body 4A made of a plurality of block members 3S and the lower end of the second-floor wall body 4B. The bridge 60 between the second floor and the roof is attached to the upper end surface of the second-floor wall body 4B made of a plurality of block members 3S.

The ends of the wooden beam 61 are joined to the beam 60 with the height (vertical position) of the upper surface of the beam 60 and the upper surface of the wooden beam 61 aligned. The wooden beam 61 extends perpendicularly to the beam 60 and toward the indoor side. A plywood 62 is directly fixed and laid on the upper surfaces of the bridge 60 and the wooden beam 61. Thus, in the masonry building 1B, the floor support member 24 and the floor mounting plate 26 (see FIG. 3) are not used, and the plywood 62 as the floor plate of the second floor is directly supported by the girder 60. . A plywood 63 as a floor board on the first floor is supported by a sleeper 64 and a joist 65. In the masonry building 1B, the girder 60 is placed on the upper end of the vertical member 55 described above. Such a masonry building 1B also exhibits the same functions and effects as the masonry building 1 and its construction method.

Further, as in the masonry building of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the center line CL4 of the vertical member 55 does not have to coincide with the core. That is, the center line CL4 of the vertical member may be eccentric with respect to the core. In the case of the example shown in FIG. 14, the center line CL4 of the vertical member 55 made of a prismatic wood-based material and the beam 60 (not shown) is on the indoor side of the street core (right side of the wall 4 in FIG. 14). Is located. It is arranged at a position where one surface of the prismatic vertical member 55 and the beam 60 is exposed in the room, thereby promoting the drying of the vertical member 55 and the beam 60 made of a wooden material and ensuring an appropriate moisture retention state. It is. A groove 57 corresponding to the shape of the side surface of the vertical member 55 is formed at the end of the block member 3T that is the end block member. In this case, the groove 57 is formed at the corner of the block material 3T. The vertical member 55 is fitted in the groove 57 and exposed from between the

block members

3T and 3T. The side surface of the vertical member 55 and the surface of the block member 3T are flush with each other. Even with such a masonry building, the same functions and effects as the masonry building 1 and the construction method thereof are exhibited.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, the plurality of block members 3 are not limited to being bonded by an adhesive, and may be bonded by joint mortar. Further, the vertical member 5 is not limited to the case where the vertical member 5 has a protruding piece and the

grooves

3g and 3h are formed in the block member 3, and the vertical member 5 and the block member 3 may be unevenly fitted in another manner. The vertical member may have a square cross section. The material and shape of the vertical member can be selected as appropriate. The cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal member may be any shape.

Further, the method of stacking the block members 3 and the arrangement of the reinforcing bars are not particularly limited, and may be changed as appropriate. The configuration of the block material 3 is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and may be changed as appropriate. In the present embodiment, a two-story masonry building has been described as an example. However, the present invention may be applied to a one-story or three-story or more masonry building. Further, in the embodiment, the block material 3 is configured as a standardized part in which the dimensions based on the planar module M are set, but the present invention is applied to a masonry building that is not standardized. Good.

In the above embodiment, the case where the dry-

type steel beam

6A, 6B is used has been described. However, a wet beam obtained by placing concrete may be used. Further, the plurality of block members 3 are not limited to being arranged in a staggered manner, and may be arranged in a lattice shape. In this case, the end block member 3P may be stacked along the

vertical members

5 and 5 to the position immediately below the steel frame beam 6A, and then the intermediate block member 3Q may be stacked on the basis of the end block member 3P.

Further, the arrangement of the reinforcing bars is not particularly limited, and may be changed as appropriate. The configuration of the block material 3 is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and may be changed as appropriate. In the present embodiment, a two-story masonry building has been described as an example. However, the present invention may be applied to a one-story or three-story or more masonry building. Further, in the embodiment, the block material 3 is configured as a standardized part in which the dimensions based on the planar module M are set, but the present invention is applied to a masonry building that is not standardized. Good.

In addition, the structure of the vertical members and girder of the masonry building of the present invention is not limited to the connection structure between the vertical members and the girder as long as a portal frame is formed by the vertical members and the girder. In other words, the joint structure between the longitudinal members and the girder is the structure in which the ends of the girder are joined to the side surfaces of the longitudinal members (continuous) by passing the longitudinal members in the vertical direction (continuous configuration), horizontal direction Any structure may be used, in which a vertical member is joined to the upper and lower surfaces of the girder (continuously) through the girder. In addition, different materials may be used for the longitudinal members and the beams. For example, a wooden member and a steel member may be combined, or a wooden member and a concrete member. You may combine with a beam.

In the above-described embodiment, the vertical member (the vertical member 5P made of a steel material having a cross-shaped cross section, the vertical member 5Q made of a steel material having a T-shaped cross section, or the vertical member 55 made of a wood-based material having a prismatic cross section). The side surface of the upper end of the steel plate is fixed to the side surface of the steel beam (the cross-section is the steel of the

steel steel beams

6A and 6B, such as grooved steel and H-shaped steel, or the cross-section of the wooden material 60) The upper end surface of the upper end of the vertical member (upper base plate of the vertical member or the upper end surface of the prismatic shape) is the lower surface of the steel beam (the cross-section is a steel frame such as channel steel or H-section steel). The lower flange or the cross-section may be a joined structure that is fixed to the lower surface of the wooden material of the wood-based material having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.

DESCRIPTION OF

SYMBOLS

1,1A ... Masonry building, 2 ... Cloth foundation (lower horizontal member), 3 ... Block material, 3g, 3h ... Groove, 3k ... Deep groove, 3P, 3R, 3T ... End block material, 3Q ... Middle Block material for parts, 4 ... Wall body, 4B ... Second floor wall body (upper floor wall body), 4C ... Rooftop wall body (upper floor wall body), 5 ... Vertical material, 5A ... Vertical material for first floor, 5B ... Second floor Longitudinal material (vertical material for upper floor), 6A, 6B ... steel frame beam (upper horizontal member or lower horizontal material), 8B, 8C ... floor, 21 ... cover material, 24 ... floor support member, 50, 51 ... projecting piece, 55 ... vertical member, 56, 57 ... groove.

Claims

A lower horizontal member,
Two vertical members erected above the lower horizontal member,
A wall body composed of a plurality of block members arranged in a lateral direction and a longitudinal direction on the lower horizontal member and between the two vertical members;
A dry upper horizontal member supported at the upper end of the wall and joined to the two vertical members;
Masonry building characterized by having
The masonry building according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of block members are joined together by an adhesive.
A groove corresponding to the side shape of the vertical member is formed,
The masonry building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the block member is positioned by fitting the vertical member into the groove.
The vertical member has a protruding piece continuous in the material axis direction,
A groove corresponding to the protruding piece is formed in the block material in contact with the vertical member,
The masonry building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the block member is positioned by fitting the protruding piece into the groove.
With a floor made of panel material,
The panel member is directly supported by the lower horizontal member or the upper horizontal member, or is supported by a floor support member fixed to the lower horizontal member or the upper horizontal member. The masonry building according to any one of Items 1 to 4.
Two upper floor vertical members are further erected on the two vertical members or the upper horizontal member,
The upper floor wall having the same configuration as the wall body is formed on the upper horizontal member and between the two upper floor vertical members. A masonry building according to any one of the above.
The upper horizontal member is supported by the upper end surface of the wall body,
The cover material made of the same material as the block material is provided outside the upper horizontal member so as to be flush with the wall body. Masonry building according to one item.
A method for constructing a masonry building having a wall made of a plurality of block members stacked on a lower horizontal member,
A first step of standing two vertical members upward above the lower horizontal member;
A second step of stacking an end block member having a groove corresponding to a side shape of the longitudinal member along the longitudinal member;
A third step of stacking the intermediate block material on the basis of the end block material;
A method for constructing a masonry building characterized by comprising:
The vertical member includes a protruding piece that is continuous in the material axis direction,
9. The method for constructing a masonry building according to claim 8, wherein in the second step, the end block member having a groove corresponding to the protruding piece is stacked along the vertical member.
After the end block material and the intermediate block material are stacked to a predetermined height to form the wall body, a fourth step of linking the upper horizontal material to the upper ends of the two vertical members is performed. 10. A method for constructing a masonry building according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by comprising: