JP2915897B1 - Building construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to improve workability, shorten a construction period, reduce construction costs, and reduce construction waste in a method of constructing a building whose main part is made of reinforced concrete. A floor beam 2 made of a steel frame, a pre-assembled truss, a glued laminated timber, or a precast concrete is erected between columns or planned construction positions of a load-bearing wall 1, and an embedded floor slab type such as a deck plate 31 is placed thereon. By laying a frame, floor beams 2
The work of installing the formwork on the horizontal portion of the skeleton such as the floor and the floor slab 3 is unnecessary, and the floor beam support 54 provided on the horizontal portion is not required.
And the number of floor slab supports 55 is reduced. In addition, a non-removable form panel that can also be used as a base material for the interior is used for the weir plate 41 on the indoor side of the column form or the wall form, and an FRP made of FRP is used for the weir plate 42 on the outdoor side. Use formwork panels.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a building whose main part is made of reinforced concrete.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, a general method of building a reinforced concrete building is to build a structural reinforcing bar of each part such as a column, a wall, a beam, a floor, etc. at a construction site, further form a formwork of each part and support them. After the work is built, concrete is poured into the formwork to form a skeleton with pillars, walls, beams, floors, etc. integrated, and the concrete is released after the concrete is hardened. Was.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned conventional construction method has the following problems which can be regarded as the fate of the reinforced concrete structure.

That is, since concrete, which is a fluid, is cast using a mold as a mold, the accuracy of embedding the mold directly affects the strength and quality of the frame. Considerable labor, including muscle work, and skill of the worker were required. Therefore, in terms of the construction cost, the formwork construction cost was also a major factor that increased the whole frame construction cost.

[0005] In addition, in order to reliably support the large material weight of concrete containing moisture until the concrete hardens, a large amount of support work is required, especially for horizontal members such as beams and floors. Also, the assembly and adjustment required considerable effort and labor. In addition, since concrete hardening usually takes about 4 weeks, the formwork and the shoring cannot be dismantled until that time has passed, and during that time, almost no other building is installed on the indoor side of the building where the shoring stands. Could not do the work. As a result, a reinforced concrete building requires a longer construction period than a steel frame or wooden structure.

Further, a form panel made of a wood-based plywood or the like is generally used as a dam board of the form, and reuse after removal from the mold has been attempted. In addition, after the demolding, considerable construction waste such as waste materials and nails was generated, which wasted resources and caused environmental destruction.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in the construction of a building of a building whose main part is constructed of reinforced concrete, workability is good, shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a skeleton that can reduce construction waste and contribute to environmental protection.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a method for constructing a skeleton of a building according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that a column or a load-bearing wall made of reinforced concrete is provided between the column or the load-bearing wall. A method for constructing a skeleton of a building composed of a floor beam to be erected and a floor slab made of reinforced concrete formed on the floor beam, wherein the column or the load-bearing wall is located at a planned position of the column or load-bearing wall. Assemble the structural rebar,
A column beam or wall frame is erected, a steel beam, pre-assembled truss, glulam or precast concrete is formed into a predetermined shape in advance, and a floor beam is formed by joining an anchor member to an edge portion of the beam. Anchor members are installed in the column form or wall form so as to be arranged in the column form or the wall form, and between the positions where the columns or load-bearing walls are to be constructed, and a floor is provided in the column form or in the wall form, or in the vicinity thereof. Assemble beam supports,
A buried floor slab formwork which supports the floor beam by the support for the floor beam and has an anchor member at an edge portion, and the anchor member is disposed in the column formwork or the wall formwork. While laying on the floor beam in this manner, a floor slab supporter is assembled in or near the column formwork or the wall formwork, and the floor slab formwork is supported by the floor slab supporter. After arranging the floor slab reinforcing bars on the floor slab form, by laying concrete in the column form or in the wall form and in the floor slab form, a column of one layer or It is characterized in that the load-bearing wall and the floor slab are integrally constructed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a skeleton of a building, wherein the pillar-shaped frame or the wall-shaped frame is provided with a non-removable type which can also be used as an interior base material. It is characterized by using a formwork panel.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a skeleton of a building, wherein a form panel made of a fiber-reinforced plastic composite material is provided on the outdoor weir plate of the column form or wall form. It is characterized by being used.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a skeleton of a building whose main part is constructed of reinforced concrete. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the skeleton of the building has a load-bearing wall 1 erected on a foundation or a floor slab on an existing floor, as shown in FIG. The wall structure is composed of a floor beam 2 erected between opposing load-bearing walls 1 and a floor slab 3 of an upper floor formed on the floor beam 2.

The load-bearing wall 1 is made of reinforced concrete,
An opening 11 is provided in a part thereof. Floor beam 2
It is formed of steel and has both ends fixed in the concrete of the load-bearing wall 1. In addition, the floor slab 3 has a deck plate 31 made of a steel plate mounted on the floor beam 2 as a floor slab formwork, and a floor slab reinforcing bar 32 thereon.
Is provided, and concrete is cast here. Therefore, the load-bearing wall 1 and the floor slab 3 are integrated by reinforced concrete. The top floor of the floor slab 3 is used as a concrete splicing position so that an upper floor is further constructed.
That is, the skeleton of this building has a so-called mixed structure in which a steel frame structure is incorporated in a part of the reinforced concrete structure.

Hereinafter, a method of constructing the skeleton of the building will be described step by step. First, as shown in FIG. 2, a structural reinforcing bar 12 of the load-bearing wall 1 is assembled at a position where the load-bearing wall 1 is to be constructed on a foundation or a floor slab of an existing floor. The structural reinforcing bar 12 of the load-bearing wall 1 is a single reinforcing bar or a double reinforcing bar depending on the scale and wall thickness of the building. The structural reinforcing bar 12 may be assembled in a factory or the like in advance at a predetermined shape and size at a site.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, weirs 41, 42 on the indoor side and the outdoor side, which serve as wall forms of the load-bearing wall 1, are built. Here, on the indoor side weir plate 41, after casting concrete, it can be used as an interior base material without being removed as it is, for example, a calcium silicate plate, a wood wool cement plate, or a base material on which a heat insulating material is adhered. A form panel made of a plywood or the like is used. On the other hand, a form panel made of a fiber-reinforced plastic composite material (hereinafter referred to as FRP) is used for the outdoor weir plate 42, and is connected with a predetermined exclusive clip (not shown) without using nails. It shall be built. Then, a separator 51 for maintaining the wall thickness is disposed between the indoor-side dam board 41 and the outdoor-side dam board 42, and a separator 51 is provided outside each of the indoor-side dam board 41 and the outdoor-side dam board 42. Is applied to a weir plate holding member 52 such as a flap angle or a single tube, and these are fastened by a foam tie 53 fastened to the separator 51.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4, floor beams 2 are erected between the positions at which the load-bearing walls 1 are to be opposed to each other. The floor beam 2 is formed by processing a steel frame such as an H-beam or an I-beam into a predetermined shape and size in advance, and an anchor member 21 buried in the concrete of the load-bearing wall 1 is joined to both ends thereof. Keep it. The illustrated anchor member 21 is formed by joining a steel bar of an appropriate length to a steel frame web 22 by welding or the like, extending horizontally, and then bending the tip thereof downward. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be formed by appropriately joining steel plates, angle pieces, or the like, as long as they are securely fixed in concrete.

In order to arrange the floor beam 2 at a predetermined position and height, the anchor member 21 is connected to the structural reinforcing bar 12 of the load-bearing wall 1.
4, or embedded in the wall formwork of the load-bearing wall 1 as shown in the left load-bearing wall 1 in FIG.
4 is assembled and supported by this floor beam supporter 54. Further, as in the case of the load-bearing wall 1 on the right side in FIG.
In the case where it is difficult to assemble the inside of the wall formwork, the floor beam supporter 54 is assembled at an appropriate position on the indoor side from the wall formwork,
This allows the floor beam 2 to be supported. At the end of the floor beam 2, a cutout (not shown) corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the floor beam 2 is provided in the weir plate 41 on the indoor side, and inserted into the load-bearing wall 1 from there. Alternatively, an end plate or the like may be joined to the end surface of the floor beam 2 and the end plate or the like may be brought into contact with the surface of the weir plate 41 on the indoor side, and stored.

Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a deck plate 31 made of a steel plate serving as a floor slab formwork.
Is laid on the floor beam 2 and fixed.

The joint between the deck plate 31 and the load-bearing wall 1 is accommodated by embedding the edge of the deck plate 31 into the load-bearing wall 1 by about 30 mm. Therefore, the upper end of the indoor weir plate 41 is aligned with the height of the bottom surface of the deck plate 31. An anchor member 33 embedded in the concrete of the load-bearing wall 1 is joined to the edge of the deck plate 31. Regarding the shape and the like of the anchor member 33, the anchor member 21 of the floor beam 2 described above is used.
Is the same as

A floor slab support 55 for supporting the load of the deck plate 31 and the concrete cast thereon is disposed below the deck plate 31 as necessary. However, as for the left portion in FIG. 5B, the deck plate 31 is also supported by the floor beam support 54 for supporting the floor beam 2, so that a floor slab support 55 is separately provided near the deck plate 31. There is almost no need to provide.

Subsequently, a floor slab reinforcing bar 32 is provided on the deck plate 31. For the floor slab reinforcing bar 32, a wire mesh or the like may be used.

After assembling the wall form, the floor slab form and their supports in this way, a concrete body is poured into these forms. Thereby, a skeleton in which the load-bearing wall 1 and the floor slab 3 are integrated by concrete is constructed.
If the mold is removed after the concrete has hardened,
A frame for one layer shown in (a) and (b) is completed.
However, the deck plate 31 which has become the floor slab formwork at the time of concrete placement remains as a part of the skeleton even after hardening of the concrete.

Next, when the frame of the building has a so-called column / beam frame structure instead of the above-mentioned wall structure,
The structure of the skeleton and the method of construction will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the frame of the building is a column 1A and a wall 1B made of reinforced concrete.
An elevational surface of the skeleton is formed, and a beam 1C made of reinforced concrete is formed on the upper part of the wall 1B by the column 1A and the wall 1B.
And are formed integrally with it. Further, a floor beam 2 made of a steel frame is provided between the columns 1A separating the indoor space. A deck plate 31 is laid on a plane formed by the beam 1C and the floor beam 2, and a floor slab 3 made of reinforced concrete is formed thereon.

In the construction method of the building body of this building, first, the columns 1A, the walls 1B and the structural reinforcing bars 12 having the beam shape 1C are assembled, and the formwork of the column 1A, the wall 1B and the beam shape 1C is built. Subsequently, a floor beam 2 made of a steel frame is erected, and this is supported by a floor beam supporter. Subsequently, a deck plate 31 is laid on the beam 1C and the floor beam 2 to form a floor slab form, which is also supported by the floor slab support. further,
A floor slab reinforcing bar 32 is provided on the deck plate 31. And inside the formwork of the column 1A, the wall 1B and the beam 1C,
This is the procedure of placing concrete in the frame in the floor slab formwork.

Also in this case, anchor members are joined to the point where the floor beam 2 is formed in advance from H-section steel and the like, and both ends of the floor beam 2 and the edge of the deck plate 31 are connected to the column 1A or the beam shape. 1C, a point to be fixed in concrete, a column form or a wall form, or a support structure is assembled in the vicinity thereof to support the load of the floor beam 2 and the deck plate 31, the column 1A, the wall 1B and the beam shape. Basic practice, such as using a form panel that can also be used as an interior base material for the indoor dam of the 1C form and using an FRP form panel for the outdoor dam. Is the same as in the case of the wall structure.

The method for constructing a skeleton of a building according to the present invention has the following features by being implemented as described above.

First, since the floor beam 2 is formed of steel and the floor slab 3 is formed of concrete cast on the deck plate 31, the floor beam 2 and the floor slab 3 are formed. Eliminating the formwork on the horizontal part of the frame is not required. As a result, the troublesome formwork work can be greatly reduced in labor compared to the related art, and the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced.

Second, the weight of concrete cast on the floor slab 3 is supported by the steel frame floor beam 2 and the deck plate 31, which have sufficient strength by themselves, so that the floor beam 2 is supported. 54 for supporting floor beams, and 55 for supporting floor slab for supporting the deck plate 31.
Requires only a minimum number of columns to be placed near the columns or the load-bearing walls 1. Furthermore, many of these floor beam supports 54 and floor slab supports 55 can be assembled in a column form or wall form and buried in the concrete of the column 1A or the load-bearing wall 1. For this reason, even immediately after the concrete is cast, the indoor space can be widely used, and for example, it can be used for storing and organizing building materials.

Third, by using a formwork panel, which is used as a base material for the interior without being removed from the interior form of the pillar formwork or wall formwork, as the barrier plate 41 on the indoor side, the barrier plate 41 on the indoor side is used. It is not necessary to remove the mold. Then, when the concrete poured into the column 1A, the wall 1B and the load-bearing wall 1 is hardened to some extent, and when it is time to exhibit strength not less than collapsed by its own weight,
The interior work can be started immediately by simply removing the indoor-side dam board holding member 41. Since the strength of the concrete can be obtained as early as about 3 days after casting, shorten the construction period per layer by 3 weeks or more compared to the conventional construction method that cures concrete for about 4 weeks. Becomes possible.

Fourth, by using an FRP form panel for the weir plate 42 on the outdoor side of the column form or wall form,
The accuracy with which the formwork is set is improved, and the working efficiency is also increased.
In addition, since the form panel made of FRP is highly durable and is built using a dedicated clip without using nails, it can be repeatedly reused many times, contributing to the protection of environmental resources, It also greatly reduces construction waste at the construction site.

The floor beam 2 is not limited to a steel frame. If the truss is pre-processed and manufactured to have sufficient strength as a beam, for example, a truss made of large-sized laminated wood, precast concrete, or preassembled with steel Similar effects can be obtained by a frame or the like. Further, the floor beams 2 may be provided with a fireproof coating or the like as necessary.

The floor slab form is not limited to the deck plate 31 as long as it can form the floor slab 3 integrally with the concrete to be cast. For example, a floor slab panel made of half-precast reinforced concrete can be used. May be used.

As described above, the construction method of a building according to the present invention is to construct a building of a building whose main part is made of reinforced concrete very efficiently. Therefore, for example, it is particularly significant in the case of building a low-rise middle-rise building at low cost in a short period of time, and is also suitable as a construction method of a house in an area where there is a lot of earthquakes or an area which is easily attacked by a typhoon, for example. It is.

[0035]

According to the method for constructing a skeleton of a building according to the first aspect of the present invention, a floor beam made of a steel frame, a pre-assembled truss, a glued laminated timber or a precast concrete is placed between columns or columns at scheduled positions of construction. The laying of a buried floor slab formwork on this floor beam eliminates the need to lay the formwork on the horizontal part of the frame, such as floor beams and floor slabs. Labor saving.

The floor beams and the floor slab formwork having sufficient strength to support the material weight of the concrete cast on the floor slab are provided below the horizontal portion of the skeleton. The number of shoring works can be reduced, and the space on the indoor side of the building can be effectively used.

According to the method for constructing a building frame of a building according to the second aspect, a non-removable formwork that can also be used as a base material for an interior on a barrier plate on the indoor side of a column formwork or a wall formwork. Since panels are used, it is not necessary to remove the indoor weir plate, and at the earliest several days after placing concrete, remove the indoor weir plate retaining material and start the interior work. Can be. This makes it possible to greatly reduce the construction period.

Further, according to the method for constructing a skeleton of a building according to claim 3, the outdoor dam of the column formwork or the wall formwork has
Since the FRP form panel is used, the accuracy of setting the form is improved. In addition, the form panels can be repeatedly reused many times, thereby reducing construction waste at the construction site.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a basic structure of a skeleton of a building constructed according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of the skeleton, and (b) is a cross-sectional elevation view (ceiling plan) of the skeleton. .

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a step of assembling structural reinforcing bars of a load-bearing wall in the method for constructing a skeleton of a building according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a step of setting up a wall formwork of a load-bearing wall.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a step of erection of a floor beam.

5A and 5B are longitudinal sectional views showing a floor slab formwork laying process, wherein FIG. 5A is a sectional view parallel to the floor beam, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view orthogonal to the floor beam.

FIG. 6 is a view showing another basic structure of a building body of a building constructed according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a longitudinal sectional view of the building body;
(B) is a cross sectional elevation view (ceiling plan) of the skeleton.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bearing wall 1A pillar 12 Structural reinforcement 2 Floor beam 21 Floor beam anchor member 3 Floor slab 31 Deck plate (floor slab formwork) 32 Floor slab reinforcement 33 Anchor member of floor slab formwork 41 Indoor dam 42 Outdoor side Weir plate 54 Shoring for floor beams 55 Shoring for floor slabs

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A building frame comprising a reinforced concrete column or load-bearing wall, a floor beam erected between the column or load-bearing wall, and a floor slab made of reinforced concrete formed on the floor beam. A method of construction, comprising assembling structural reinforcement of the pillar or load-bearing wall at a position where the column or load-bearing wall is to be constructed, building a column formwork or wall formwork, steel frame, pre-assembled truss, glulam or precast concrete. Is formed into a predetermined shape in advance, and a floor beam formed by joining an anchor member to an edge portion of the column beam or the wall member so that the anchor member is disposed in the column formwork or the wall formwork. While erection between the positions where the load-bearing walls are to be constructed, a floor beam support is assembled in or near the column formwork or the wall formwork, and the floor beam is supported by the floor beam supporter. Anchor on edge A buried floor slab form provided with a material is laid on the floor beam such that the anchor member is disposed in the column form or the wall form, and inside the column form or the wall. A floor slab supporter is assembled in or near the formwork, the floor slab formwork is supported by the floor slab supporter, and a floor slab reinforcing bar is disposed on the floor slab formwork. A building characterized by integrally constructing a column or a load-bearing wall and a floor slab of one layer by placing concrete in a formwork or a wall formwork and a floor slab formwork. Construction method. 2. A barrier plate on the indoor side of a column formwork or a wall formwork,
The method according to claim 1, wherein a non-removable form panel that can also be used as an interior base material is used. 3. A barrier plate on the outdoor side of a column formwork or a wall formwork,
The method according to claim 2, wherein a form panel made of a fiber-reinforced plastic composite material is used.