WO2013004849A1 - Système permettant d'établir un rapport sur la position d'un transpondeur - Google Patents

Système permettant d'établir un rapport sur la position d'un transpondeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013004849A1
WO2013004849A1 PCT/EP2012/063422 EP2012063422W WO2013004849A1 WO 2013004849 A1 WO2013004849 A1 WO 2013004849A1 EP 2012063422 W EP2012063422 W EP 2012063422W WO 2013004849 A1 WO2013004849 A1 WO 2013004849A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transponder
command
activating
heard
transmit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/063422
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anne NÄrhi
Tony Westman
Original Assignee
Comtrack Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comtrack Ab filed Critical Comtrack Ab
Publication of WO2013004849A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013004849A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62H—CYCLE STANDS; SUPPORTS OR HOLDERS FOR PARKING OR STORING CYCLES; APPLIANCES PREVENTING OR INDICATING UNAUTHORIZED USE OR THEFT OF CYCLES; LOCKS INTEGRAL WITH CYCLES; DEVICES FOR LEARNING TO RIDE CYCLES
    • B62H5/00—Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of cycles; Locks integral with cycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62H—CYCLE STANDS; SUPPORTS OR HOLDERS FOR PARKING OR STORING CYCLES; APPLIANCES PREVENTING OR INDICATING UNAUTHORIZED USE OR THEFT OF CYCLES; LOCKS INTEGRAL WITH CYCLES; DEVICES FOR LEARNING TO RIDE CYCLES
    • B62H5/00—Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of cycles; Locks integral with cycles
    • B62H5/20—Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of cycles; Locks integral with cycles indicating unauthorised use, e.g. acting on signalling devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B27/00—Alarm systems in which the alarm condition is signalled from a central station to a plurality of substations
    • G08B27/003—Signalling to neighbouring houses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/1895—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast for short real-time information, e.g. alarms, notifications, alerts, updates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/28—Timers or timing mechanisms used in protocols

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to transponders suitable for tracking the position of objects and the distribution of information.
  • a prior art rescue system to help localise victims of an avalanche from the company RECCO AB is described in EP2362960. It uses passive transponders which return a signal when interrogated by a search radar.
  • a problem with this system is the limited range which typically is a maximum of 200 metres, a lack of precision in the position indicated by the search unit and the risk that the transponder is in a position, e.g. under the victim, where it does not respond, or only responds weakly, to the search radar.
  • a rescue system is described in WO2006015721.
  • a first subunit is carried by a locatable person and this subunit receives a position signal in the form of a GPS signal and at least intermittently transmits a location signal containing information derived from the GPS position signal.
  • a searcher has a second subunit which receives the location signal and the second subunit informs the searcher of the position of the first subunit.
  • This system and other GPS-based systems suffer from the problem that terrain such as mountains or crevasses or the position of the wearer over the GPS receiver's antenna can mean that the GPS signal is not received by a transponder and that it can't give an accurate position.
  • a system in accordance with the present invention solves the problem of how to locate the position of people or objects which are lost, e.g. people buried in snow or debris such as in the remains of buildings.
  • the present invention relates to a system which includes an activating unit which sends command instructions and receives information, and at least one transponder which receives command instructions and transmits information through a WLAN and/or an UHF- transceiver.
  • Each transponder has an unique identity and is controllable with the use of a WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) and/or an UHF-transceiver.
  • the transponder comprises a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver which is used to determine the position of the transponder.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • the system further comprises an activating unit which can send command instructions to one or more transponders in the system and which can receive information transmitted by those one or more transponders.
  • the activating unit could be a dedicated activating unit comprising software, memory, a screen, user input means such as a touch screen and/or, keypad and/or mouse and/or tracker ball and/or the like, radio frequency communication means, GNSS receiver means and a power supply.
  • the activating unit comprises a cell phone with a screen able to display maps and/or images.
  • Such a cell phone can be an iPhone, ZTE, iPAD or the like with a GNSS receiver and local access to maps installed internally in the cell phone. Access to the maps can also be achieved by using the USB connection of the cell phone connected to external device media such as a hard disk including maps files. The access to that media can also be achieved over the air by using the WLAN or UHF-transceiver.
  • the activating device can command a transponder to transmit a message through the WLAN and/or the UHF-transceiver to the activating unit wherein the message from the transponder contains at least the GNSS position determined by the GNSS receiver in the transponder.
  • the transmitted position of the activated transponder can be displayed in an image on the screen of the activating unit along with the position of the activating unit. Alternatively, or in combination with the image, the position of the transponder can be displayed as text, for example as a bearing and distance from the activating unit.
  • GNSS Global System for Mobile Communications
  • the American GPS Global Positioning System
  • the Russian GLONASS Globalnaya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya
  • the European GALILEO the Chinese COMPASS
  • the Indian IRNSS Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
  • the Japanese QZSS Quadrature-Zenith Satellite System
  • the transponder may contain a beeper which generates a sound and/or a vibrator unit which vibrates that can be activated through the WLAN or the UHF-transceiver by the user of the activating device, for example rescue personal, to confirm to the wearer of the transponder that the rescue team have determined the position of the user of the transponder.
  • a beeper which generates a sound and/or a vibrator unit which vibrates that can be activated through the WLAN or the UHF-transceiver by the user of the activating device, for example rescue personal, to confirm to the wearer of the transponder that the rescue team have determined the position of the user of the transponder.
  • the transponder may also communicate with other transponders using the built-in WLAN and/or UHF-transceiver.
  • the transponder may be able to receive commands and transmit commands. It may also be able to transmit a signal suitable for radio-frequency direction finding to enable a searcher to home in on its position.
  • the transponder may include a light source, for example, several high- intensive LED:s BIO that can be activated by a sending a "LED activating" command code to the transponder.
  • a light source for example, several high- intensive LED:s BIO that can be activated by a sending a "LED activating" command code to the transponder.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a system for activating a transponder and determining its position.
  • Figure 3 shows schematically the use of a system in accordance with the present invention to determine the position of transponders.
  • the transponder A2 comprises a microcontroller Bl connected to a satellite receiver B3 with the corresponding antenna B7, a wireless local network B4 with corresponding antenna system B8, optionally a movement sensor B5, optionally a light- emitting device for example one or more high- intensive LEDs BIO or light bulbs, optionally a vibrator unit Bl 1, optionally a sound generating unit, such as a buzzer unit B12, and a power supply, for example a battery unit B9. These are contained in a housing (not shown) which can be attached to, or carried by, a person or object.
  • the microcontroller Bl has a built-in application program which is stored in the
  • the microcontroller Bl and its software control the functions of the transponder.
  • the microcontroller Bl preferably is adapted for usage in battery-based application where a low power consumption is mandatory. In the low power mode described below, the power consumption is only a few ⁇ (micro-Ampere).
  • the power consumption is only a few ⁇ (micro-Ampere).
  • the microcontroller Bl has an internal flash-memory of approximately 60K Bytes and an internal Random Access Memory (RAM) of 4K Bytes.
  • the GNSS satellite receiver B3 is preferably based on an advanced GPS processor which is small and has a very high sensitivity.
  • An example of such a processor is the Origin ORG4472 which is 7 mm x 7 mm x 1.4 mm and has a navigation sensitivity of -163 dBm.
  • a satellite receiving antenna B7 is connected to the satellite receiver B3 or may be integrated into the receiver.
  • An example of a GPS receiver with integrated antenna is the Origin ORG1410 which is 10 mm x 10 mm x 5mm in size.
  • the transponder A2 is arranged to receive control commands and transmit data through the WLAN and/or a UHF-transceiver B4. Preferably, control commands can also be received in the transponder from the moving sensor unit B5.
  • the transponder's position is determined by the output of the GNSS receiver B3.
  • an initializing sequence is executed.
  • the GNSS receiver will execute a "cold start” e.g. satellite data must be obtained from scratch. Once this has been achieved and a valid transponder position is received from the GNSS satellite receiver, the GNSS satellite receiver will switch to the hibernation mode - this is a power saving mode.
  • the GNSS satellite receiver B3 is woken up from hibernation mode by issuing a "hot start" command.
  • the GNSS satellite receiver will then update the satellite position. Satellite data is preferably outputted as ASCII characters following the NMEA-0183 protocol at the speed of 4800 Baud on one of the microcontroller's interrupt- controlled Serial Communication Interface (SCI) channels.
  • SCI Serial Communication Interface
  • the GNSS satellite receiver will store the current ephemeris data internally in RAM.
  • the hibernation mode is preferably limited to 2 hours or less so that the stored satellite orbit information is still valid for updating satellite positions when a hot start is made. This waking/hibernation sequence, controlled by Timer 1 is repeated continuously.
  • Valid data from the Parser will be sent to the requested program routine for execution together with parameters (if any). Invalid data is deleted and the Timer 2 is initialized to the default time whereupon the UHF-transceiver B4 is then completely shut down to avoid power consumption. When Timer 2 elapses again, the main program will activate the UHF- transceiver again and wait for FSK data. This is an endless loop. Control information comprises at least the following components; synchronization bytes, length of the data package, command code, identity of the sender, identity of the receiver, parameters and checksum.
  • the contents and length of the parameter area is depending on the command code sent.
  • the activating unit A3 has a radio communication system which, depending on the type of activating unit, may be a built-in WLAN system such as Bluetooth or an external electronic unit (a "dongle") with a battery system A3: l, and/or a UHF transceiver which works, for example, on the 400 MHz band, connectable to the activating unit's external communication port e.g. a USB port, or a dongle comprising a UHF-transceiver and a Bluetooth function accessible over the air.
  • a radio communication system which, depending on the type of activating unit, may be a built-in WLAN system such as Bluetooth or an external electronic unit (a "dongle") with a battery system A3: l, and/or a UHF transceiver which works, for example, on the 400 MHz band, connectable to the activating unit's external communication port e.g. a USB port, or a dongle comprising a UHF-transceiver and a Bluetooth function accessible over the air.
  • the transponder's normal state is sleep. In this state only the GNSS satellite receiver B3 is active, and a hibernation mode timer, Timer 1, is used to cause it to alternate between an active satellite-receiving mode and a hibernation mode.
  • the power consumption in the hibernation mode of the GNSS satellite receiver is typically only a few ⁇ (micro Amps).
  • the hibernation mode is preferably equal to or less than 2 hours. Once the time determined by the hibernation mode timer Timer 1 has elapsed the GNSS satellite receiver is only active for a length of time which is sufficient to update ephemeris data and then it enters the hibernation mode again.
  • the transponder A2 listens for an addressed command which may be transmitted via the WLAN and/or on one or more different pre-defined radio frequencies via the UHF-transceiver B4.
  • the addressed command may be addressed to an individual transponder, a group of transponders or all transponders.
  • the WLAN and/or the UHF-transceiver of each transponder is only active for a portion, which is preferably only a very short time which preferably is between 1/100 and 1/1000 of the of a repeating receiving time window of, for example, length 15 seconds which is controlled by Timer 2.
  • a random generator in each transponder calculates the length of a transmission delay.
  • the delay timer, Timer 3 is executed before the actual response message is transmitted. Every response message transmission starts with a new calculated delay. Thus, for each transmitting sequence, a new delay time is randomly generated for Timer 3.
  • the activating unit A3 After having received the responses from the transponders the activating unit A3 will populate an ID list in the memory which will contain at least the identify of each responding transponder and its position.
  • the activating unit and the activating unit application will preferably display on the screen the position of the activating unit A3 and the position and identification of all the transponders A2 currently answering the CQ. If the activating unit is a cell phone then, depending on the type of cell phone used for localization and the circumstances in the rescue area, it is possible that the cell phone system may be out of order or non-existent. In this case, locally stored maps in the cell phone can be used instead of accessing maps in real time.
  • the transponder A2 preferably also contains a beeper B12 and a vibrator unit Bl 1 that can be activated through the WLAN and/or UHF-transceiver to be used as an verification for the bearer of the transponder that the rescue team have determined the transponder user's position and that help is on the way.
  • the transponder A2 preferably includes several high- intensity LED B10 that can be activated by a sending a "LED activating" command code to the transponder. Preferably it is possible to address this command to a specific transponder, a group of transponders or all transponders in the transmitting area.
  • the relay transmission function could be used to send messages to a transponder outside the radio signal coverage area of the activating unit A3. This is done by forwarding the message through one or several other transponders using the WLAN or the UHF-transceiver of the transponder. As shown in figure 3, by appending the signal path (the direct or indirect address of the transponder outside the radio signal coverage area of the activating unit A3) as a parameter in the message transmitted from the activating unit, the message will be forwarded to the final destination (transponder).
  • the signal path the direct or indirect address of the transponder outside the radio signal coverage area of the activating unit A3
  • the activating unit A3 When the activating unit A3 transmits the CQ command, all the transponders which receive the command will respond by transmitting a response message which contains the GPS- determined position of the transponder and its identity.
  • the transponder identities and their positions are stored in the flash memory of the activating unit A3 (or its dongle A3 : 1). It is possible that there are one or more transponders which receive the CQ command and respond but which are not detected by the activating unit A3 due to low signal strength. It is also possible that one or more transponders are positioned in a radio shadow so that the receiver signal strength indicator (RSSI) value of their signals indicate that they are at a greater distance from the activating unit A3 than they actually are.
  • RSSI receiver signal strength indicator
  • the RSSI value of a transponder can be used to identify which transponders are furthest away, or appear to be furthest away, from the activating unit A3.
  • the RSSI value is available as an output from a UHF-transceiver, for example from the Hoperf Electronic RFM20BS, and comprises an 8-bit digital valve which reflects the signal strength of the transmission from the activating unit as received by the receiving (and responding) transponder.
  • the activating unit can issue the command HEARD.
  • This is equivalent to a command CQA Seek You All.
  • the HEARD command can be addressed to all transponders or a specific group of transponders or an individual transponder. Each of the addressed transponders which receive the HEARD command from the activating unit will respond by retransmitting a HEARD command. All transponders in the range of the transponder or transponders retransmitting the HEARD will reply to the CQ command in the same way as if they had received the CQ command from the activating unit.
  • a transponder when retransmits a HEARD command in response to a previous HEARD command from the activating unit that it has received then all of the information or some of the information (for example just the transponder identity and position) in messages received by said transponder in response to its HEARD command are retransmitted by it to the originator of the previous HEARD command.
  • a transponder can activate a visual or audible indicator to inform the person wearing it that its position has been received by an activating unit.
  • a second embodiment of a transponder in accordance with the present invention may be provided with means to help pinpoint the position more accurately. This can be in the form of means for providing a continuous or repeating localisation radio transmission on one or more radio frequencies which can be received by the activating unit.
  • the activating unit can be provided with a directional antenna and signal strength measuring means which enable it to determine from which direction the strongest signal is being received. It can be provided with means to display this direction on a screen and/or by means of an audible signal indicate when the activating is pointed towards the transponder transmitting the localisation radio
  • the activating unit can be provided with means for issuing a CONTINUOUS WAVE (CW) command which can be directed to a specific transponder, a group of transponders or all transponders.
  • the CW command causes the appropriate transponder to transmit a localisation signal on the UHF and/or WLAN and/or GPS frequency. This signal can be continuous or, in order to save power, repeating at short time intervals.
  • the activating unit is provided with an appropriate GPS antenna such as an HB9CV 2.4 GHz antenna which can, for example, be integrated with appropriate connectors into its casing. If the activating is based on a cell-phone or the like then the antenna can be integrated in a casing, for example a snap-on casing, which can be attached to, and electrically interconnected with, the cell phone.
  • the activating unit can be provided with software for measuring the signal strength and a display which shows the direction of the highest signal strength.
  • the display can be complemented by or replace with an audible signal indicator which issue a tone which increase in volume as the signal strength increases, thus enabling the rescuer to hear in which direction the signal strength is highest. This can be determined by the user rotating the activating unit in an arc which will show increasing and then decreasing signal strength as the arc approaching and then passes beyond the direction in which the transponder lies.
  • the strength of the signal can be used to give an estimated distance to the transponder being localised.
  • Such a system can be used to find a transponder unit which has been able to determine its own position. This could be due, for example, to terrain which prevents sufficient GPS signals being received by the transponder, an unfavourable orientation of the unit or malfunction of the transponder.
  • Such a position-unknown transponder will reply to a CQ or HEARD command with a response which contains its identity but lacks a GPS-derived position.
  • Software in the application unit can be used to bring such units to the attention of the rescuer using the application unit.
  • the rescuer can then active the CW command for the position- unknown transponder and localise the transponder by following the direction and distance display and/or audible signal.
  • said activating unit receives a message from a transponder in which the position of the transponder is unknown then it is adapted to transmit a CONTINUOUS WAVE command which causes said transponder to transmit a localisation signal.
  • the localisation signal In order to enable the localisation signal to be detected it can be transmitted on more than one frequency, for example on two or more of the WLAN, UHF and GPS frequencies.
  • a transponder in accordance with the present invention may be equipped with a pulse sensor. This detects the pulse of the wearer of the unit and information regarding the pulse of the wearer can be transmitted in the personal data in a message from a transponder. This gives rescue personal information on the condition of the wearer.
  • a transponder in accordance with the present invention may be equipped with an alarm call activating means such as an alarm button or switch or the like.
  • an alarm call activating means such as an alarm button or switch or the like.
  • This can be used by a wearer of the transponder to send an alarm message from the transponder in order to call for help. This could be used, for example if the wearer is injured or trapped.
  • the activating means would need to be activated for a predetermined length of time, for example 5 seconds, before it transmits an alarm message in order to reduce the risk of false alarms.
  • An activating unit could be provided with software so that when an alarm message is received the activating unit in the range of the transponder the activating unit produces light and or sound signals to alert people in the vicinity of it that an alarm message has been received.
  • An activating unit which is used indoors for example if the unit is normally positioned near the reception of a building in a winter sport resort, could be provided with an external antenna in order to increase its range.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un système qui permet d'établir un rapport sur la position d'un transpondeur comprenant une unité d'activation (A3) comprenant un logiciel pour envoyer une instruction d'activation sur une radiofréquence et un transpondeur (A2) conçu pour recevoir une instruction d'activation et pour envoyer un message contenant son identité et sa position en réponse à une instruction d'activation, caractérisé en ce que ledit transpondeur comprend un récepteur GNSS pour déterminer sa position, un moyen d'émetteur-récepteur radiofréquence pour envoyer sa position et un logiciel de transpondeur pour commander ledit récepteur GNSS et ledit émetteur-récepteur.
PCT/EP2012/063422 2011-07-07 2012-07-09 Système permettant d'établir un rapport sur la position d'un transpondeur WO2013004849A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1130067-0 2011-07-07
SE1130067A SE1130067A1 (sv) 2011-07-08 2011-07-08 Transpondersystem

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019220219A1 (fr) * 2018-05-14 2019-11-21 Terrence Keith Ashwin Application de moyens d'identification sans fil pour services d'urgence touristiques
WO2019220315A1 (fr) * 2018-05-14 2019-11-21 Terrence Keith Ashwin Système de suivi d'un actif activé par un capteur wifi
WO2019220220A1 (fr) * 2018-05-14 2019-11-21 Terrence Keith Ashwin Capteur d'identification de communication sans fil pour le ski

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019220219A1 (fr) * 2018-05-14 2019-11-21 Terrence Keith Ashwin Application de moyens d'identification sans fil pour services d'urgence touristiques
WO2019220315A1 (fr) * 2018-05-14 2019-11-21 Terrence Keith Ashwin Système de suivi d'un actif activé par un capteur wifi
WO2019220220A1 (fr) * 2018-05-14 2019-11-21 Terrence Keith Ashwin Capteur d'identification de communication sans fil pour le ski

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