WO2013004227A1 - Bildaufnahmevorrichtung für ein fahrzeug - Google Patents
Bildaufnahmevorrichtung für ein fahrzeug Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013004227A1 WO2013004227A1 PCT/DE2012/100194 DE2012100194W WO2013004227A1 WO 2013004227 A1 WO2013004227 A1 WO 2013004227A1 DE 2012100194 W DE2012100194 W DE 2012100194W WO 2013004227 A1 WO2013004227 A1 WO 2013004227A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- image
- polarization
- different
- matrices
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100248200 Arabidopsis thaliana RGGB gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
- G06V20/56—Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle
- G06V20/588—Recognition of the road, e.g. of lane markings; Recognition of the vehicle driving pattern in relation to the road
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
- G06V20/56—Context or environment of the image exterior to a vehicle by using sensors mounted on the vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/1462—Coatings
- H01L27/14621—Colour filter arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/10—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof for transforming different wavelengths into image signals
- H04N25/11—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics
- H04N25/13—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics characterised by the spectral characteristics of the filter elements
- H04N25/134—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics characterised by the spectral characteristics of the filter elements based on three different wavelength filter elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/80—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
- B60R2300/804—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for lane monitoring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/80—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
- B60R2300/8053—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for bad weather conditions or night vision
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N2021/1765—Method using an image detector and processing of image signal
- G01N2021/177—Detector of the video camera type
- G01N2021/1772—Array detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N2021/1765—Method using an image detector and processing of image signal
- G01N2021/177—Detector of the video camera type
- G01N2021/1776—Colour camera
Definitions
- the invention relates to an image pickup device for a vehicle and a method for detecting wetness on a road.
- wetness considerably reduces the coefficient of friction compared to that on a dry road.
- JP 2010-243463 A shows a vehicle stereo camera in which a stereo image for a near field and a stereo image for a femoral area is generated by means of two lens pairs for different visibility and two image sensors.
- the different viewing areas are separated by means of vertical and parallel polarizers or polarization filters.
- DE 102005062275 A1 shows a method for detecting an imminent rear impact by means of a rearwardly directed distance and / or relative speed sensor.
- the current coefficient of friction may be adjusted down when the rain sensor detects rain.
- the disadvantage of this is, inter alia, that a separate rain sensor for Reibwertanpassung is required and that the moisture is determined on the vehicle - not the wet on the road. It is the object of the present invention to detect moisture on the roadway inexpensively and reliably.
- an image recording device which comprises an image sensor.
- a first polarization filter is arranged in at least a first subregion in front of the image sensor, and a second polarization filter is arranged in at least one second subregion.
- the polarization filters have different polarization directions.
- the image recording device according to the invention comprises an evaluation device, which by
- Comparison of the intensities of the at least two differently polarized portions can detect the presence of polarized light. It is therefore the intensity in the subregion of the image sensor, on the
- electromagnetic radiation that has passed the first polarizing filter, as compared with the intensity in the portion of the image sensor, is hit by the electromagnetic radiation that has passed through the second polarizing filter.
- the invention is based on the idea that a wet substrate has an effect on the polarization property of reflected, previously unpolarized, light in such a way that the polarization directed in the plane of incidence is preferably transmitted while that directed perpendicular to the plane of incidence
- Polarization is preferably reflected.
- Image pickup device in the beam path in at least two
- Subareas polarizers that are perpendicular to each other, are introduced, so you can detect a contrast difference between the two sub-areas for the wet lane area and thus according to a close to wet preferred embodiment, resulting in a lower coefficient of friction than in a dry roadway results.
- Image pickup device with a single image sensor, i. with a
- Monocamera can be reliably and inexpensively detected.
- the image sensor comprises a plurality of matrix-shaped juxtaposed and electromagnetic
- the sensor elements are assigned filter elements via a filter pixel matrix, so that each sensor element detects electromagnetic radiation from a specific wavelength range or with a specific polarization direction. It is also possible that a plurality of adjacent sensor elements identical
- Filter element are assigned from the filter pixel matrix.
- Polarizing filter element in the order of the no longer existing color filter element is located.
- the invention further relates to a method for detecting moisture on a roadway by means of an image pickup device according to the invention.
- This has differently oriented polarization filters (h; v) in at least two partial areas in front of an image sensor. After detecting an image by the image sensor, wetness on the roadway is detected by comparing the intensities of the at least two differently polarized subregions (h; v). The different intensity is the result of the different reflection of the differently polarized components on the wet road.
- Parallel (vertical) polarized light is transmitted more strongly while perpendicularly (horizontally) polarized light is reflected more strongly on the wet surface and thus is detected to a greater extent by the image sensor.
- Fig. 1 shows a filter pixel matrix composed of modified Bayer matrices with line by line varying polarizers
- Fig. 2 shows a filter pixel matrix with a square grouping of mutually perpendicular polarizers comparable to one
- FIG. 1 shows a filter pixel matrix for the image sensor which corresponds to a modified Bayer color filter in which every fourth pixel is associated with a
- Polarizer is provided.
- RGGB 2x2 Bayer color filter
- R, G, h / v, B a polarizer
- the two directions of polarization are on the one hand perpendicular or horizontal (h, horizontally hatched) and on the other parallel or vertical (v, vertically hatched).
- This replacement of the second green Bayer green filter element was made for the filter matrix of FIG. 1 such that the lines with polarizers alternate with each other: 1: line no polarizers, 2nd line horizontal polarizers (h), 3rd line none
- Polarizers 4th line vertical polarizers (v).
- the polarizers are arranged line by line perpendicular to each other. With unpolarized light, no line-by-line brightness or intensity structure will be visible. With partially polarized light, as occurs when reflecting on wet roads, the image areas of the image sensor, on which the wet road is imaged, an additional line by line
- the evaluation unit Upon successful proof of this line-by-line brightness structure, the evaluation unit sends a "wet road” signal to the control unit of the emergency brake assistant or to another assistance system, which in turn can now adapt the brake application time and brake force to a wet road surface the application of polarizers directly to the image sensor silicon wafer
- Filter pixel matrix possible to allow the detection of moisture.
- the polarizers of the same polarization direction are combined into squares of 4x4 filter elements, ie four 2x2 matrices.
- the image processing algorithm has to follow the evaluation unit looking for square brightness differences.
- the arrangement shown leads to a checkerboard pattern of the differences in the sanctity of the filter elements provided with polarizers on a wet road surface. On the other hand, when there is unpolarized light, brightness differences corresponding to the arrangement pattern do not occur.
- the arrangement of the groupings or matrices with different polarizers should in principle be oriented so that no
- Confusion with naturally occurring structures can arise.
- the arrangement can also be made dependent on the wet size wet roadway areas are to be recognized.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/128,693 US20150035980A1 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2012-07-02 | Image capturing device for a vehicle |
DE112012002809.0T DE112012002809A5 (de) | 2011-07-05 | 2012-07-02 | Bildaufnahmevorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011051583.6 | 2011-07-05 | ||
DE102011051583A DE102011051583A1 (de) | 2011-07-05 | 2011-07-05 | Bildaufnahmevorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013004227A1 true WO2013004227A1 (de) | 2013-01-10 |
Family
ID=46980661
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2012/100194 WO2013004227A1 (de) | 2011-07-05 | 2012-07-02 | Bildaufnahmevorrichtung für ein fahrzeug |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150035980A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102011051583A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013004227A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2506599A (en) * | 2012-10-02 | 2014-04-09 | Bentley Motors Ltd | An adaptive brake assistance system that adapts the braking assistance in response to environmental and vehicle inputs |
DE102014205204B3 (de) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-05-13 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Kamerabasiertes Fahrerassistenzsystem zur Detektion des Zustandes einer Fahrbahnoberfläche |
DE102015202376A1 (de) | 2015-02-11 | 2016-08-11 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Fahrerassistenzsystem |
JP2017005111A (ja) * | 2015-06-10 | 2017-01-05 | ソニー株式会社 | 固体撮像装置及び電子機器 |
US10694169B1 (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2020-06-23 | Apple Inc. | Depth mapping with polarization and focus pixels |
JP6764880B2 (ja) | 2015-12-11 | 2020-10-07 | 株式会社ニコン | 偏光特性画像計測装置、偏光特性画像計測方法 |
EP3701417A1 (de) | 2017-10-27 | 2020-09-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Optische sensorsysteme |
DE102017221381A1 (de) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-05-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Computerprogramm zum Ermitteln eines Abstandes zu einem Objekt |
JP2020136429A (ja) * | 2019-02-18 | 2020-08-31 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 撮像素子および撮像装置 |
Citations (7)
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JP2005043240A (ja) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-02-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 路面状態検出センサ |
US20060274171A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Ynjiun Wang | Digital picture taking optical reader having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
DE102005062275A1 (de) | 2005-12-24 | 2007-06-28 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Erkennung eines drohenden Heckaufpralls |
US20090021598A1 (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2009-01-22 | Mclean John | Miniature integrated multispectral/multipolarization digital camera |
EP2216999A1 (de) * | 2007-12-07 | 2010-08-11 | Panasonic Corporation | Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung, bildverarbeitungsverfahren und bildgebungsvorrichtung |
JP2010243463A (ja) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-28 | Ricoh Co Ltd | ステレオカメラ装置及び車外監視装置 |
EP2252069A2 (de) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-11-17 | Sony Corporation | Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme von zweidimensionalen Festkörperbildern und zugehöriges Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von polarisierten Lichtdaten |
Family Cites Families (11)
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DE4300896C1 (de) * | 1993-01-15 | 1994-04-21 | Holger Dipl Ing Oldenettel | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des Fahrbahnoberflächenzustandes |
JP3358099B2 (ja) * | 1994-03-25 | 2002-12-16 | オムロン株式会社 | 光学式センサ装置 |
DE19718623A1 (de) * | 1997-05-02 | 1998-11-05 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren zur polarimetrischen Fahrbahnerkennung |
DE19962949A1 (de) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-19 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Vorrichtung zur abtaststrahlungsbasierten Oberflächenzustandserkennung insbesondere von Straßen |
US20040032581A1 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2004-02-19 | Mehrdad Nikoonahad | Systems and methods for inspection of specimen surfaces |
DE102005031966B4 (de) * | 2005-07-08 | 2011-10-27 | Günter Grau | Herstellung eines polarisationsempfindlichen Filters mit gezielter Ausdehnung und Orientierung für CCD- oder CMOS-Bildsensoren |
JP2007064888A (ja) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-15 | Tokai Rika Co Ltd | 路面状態検出装置 |
EP1777943B1 (de) * | 2005-10-21 | 2008-01-02 | C.R.F. Societa Consortile per Azioni | Optischer Multifunktionssensor für Fahrassistenzsysteme in Kraftfahrzeugen |
US20080129541A1 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-05 | Magna Electronics | Black ice detection and warning system |
DE102009026463A1 (de) * | 2009-05-26 | 2010-12-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bilderfassungsverfahren zur Erfassung mehrerer Bilder mittels eines automotiven Kamerasystems und zugehörige Bilderfassungsvorrichtung des Kamerasystems |
DE102009054194A1 (de) * | 2009-11-24 | 2011-05-26 | Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh | Nutzung der optischen Elemente eines Head-up-Displays zur kamerabasierten Regen- und Schmutzsensorik, Fahreridentifikation, Müdigkeitserkennung |
-
2011
- 2011-07-05 DE DE102011051583A patent/DE102011051583A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-07-02 DE DE112012002809.0T patent/DE112012002809A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-07-02 WO PCT/DE2012/100194 patent/WO2013004227A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-07-02 US US14/128,693 patent/US20150035980A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2005043240A (ja) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-02-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 路面状態検出センサ |
US20060274171A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Ynjiun Wang | Digital picture taking optical reader having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
DE102005062275A1 (de) | 2005-12-24 | 2007-06-28 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Erkennung eines drohenden Heckaufpralls |
US20090021598A1 (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2009-01-22 | Mclean John | Miniature integrated multispectral/multipolarization digital camera |
EP2216999A1 (de) * | 2007-12-07 | 2010-08-11 | Panasonic Corporation | Bildverarbeitungsvorrichtung, bildverarbeitungsverfahren und bildgebungsvorrichtung |
JP2010243463A (ja) | 2009-04-10 | 2010-10-28 | Ricoh Co Ltd | ステレオカメラ装置及び車外監視装置 |
EP2252069A2 (de) * | 2009-05-11 | 2010-11-17 | Sony Corporation | Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme von zweidimensionalen Festkörperbildern und zugehöriges Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von polarisierten Lichtdaten |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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K. FUJIMURA, T. SAKAMOTO: "Road surface sensor", FUJITSU TECHNICAL JOURNAL, no. 1, February 1988 (1988-02-01), pages 64 - 72, XP002688511, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.fujitsu-ten.com/business/technicaljournal/pdf/1-6E.pdf> [retrieved on 20121204] * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102011051583A1 (de) | 2013-01-10 |
DE112012002809A5 (de) | 2014-03-20 |
US20150035980A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
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