Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
  • H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
  • H01M10/625—Vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
  • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
  • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
  • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
  • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6553—Terminals or leads
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
  • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
  • H01M10/6561—Gases
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
  • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
  • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
  • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

• the invention relates to a rechargeable electric battery, in particular high-voltage battery, preferably for an electric vehicle, with at least two stacks of battery cells stacked in the stacking direction, wherein the stacks are arranged side by side transversely to the stacking direction, wherein at least two juxtaposed stacks are arranged offset to one another in the stacking direction.
• Battery packs consisting of several lithium-ion battery cells, in addition to these include a number of other subsystems such as cell attachments, cell cooling, cell monitoring, cell connections, or the like.
• the integration of these subsystems requires additional space that goes far beyond the volume enclosed by cell chemistry. This has a detrimental effect on the already lower volumetric energy density compared to fossil fuels
• a battery with a plurality of flat, substantially plate-shaped single battery cells is known.
• the battery cells are stacked into a cell stack and surrounded by a battery case.
• the battery single cells are formed in frame flat construction with metallic sheets and a frame made of insulating material.
• WO 2008/048751 A2 Also known from WO 2008/048751 A2 is a battery module with a multiplicity of plate-shaped battery cells arranged side by side in a stack, which are accommodated in a housing.
• WO 2010/053689 A2 describes a battery arrangement with a housing and a plurality of lithium-ion cells, which are arranged next to one another.
• the housing is flowed through for cooling with a thermally conductive, electrically insulating fluid.
• WO 2010/067 944 AI a battery with juxtaposed stack of battery cells is known, wherein battery cells are cooled by cooling air.
• the publication JP 2007-109546 A describes a rechargeable battery with two battery modules arranged side by side, which are arranged offset in the stacking direction to each other.
• the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned, and to improve the vol umetric energy density in an electric battery of the type mentioned.
• this is achieved in that at least one battery cell of a stack is arranged at least partially overlapping with respect to at least one battery cell of an adjacent stack.
• the offset of the two stacks is preferably about half the thickness of a battery cell. This allows a dense packing.
• At least one first cooling air channel can be formed between at least one overlapping region of the battery cells of adjacent stacks.
• At least one battery cell is surrounded by a plastic cell casing, wherein the plastic cell casing has a protruding sealing seam arranged circumferentially along the side of the battery cell, preferably approximately in the region of a cell center plane. Between the sealing seams of adjacent battery cells of a stack a free space is spanned in each case. This space may form a first and / or second cooling air channel. In this case, at least one first cooling air channel in the direction of a vertical axis of the battery and at least one second cooling air channel in the direction of a normal to the vertical axis and normal to the stacking direction formed transverse axis of the battery can be arranged.
• each battery module is arranged between two preferably thermally and / or electrically insulating plates.
• the area between the two adjacent stacks flows through the first cooling air channel and is cooled.
• the second cooling air passages through which cooling air flows are arranged on the upper side of the battery and serve to cool the cell poles and / or the electrical cell connectors.
• a particularly good cooling of the latter can be achieved if at least one preferred example, a U-profile or Y-profile exhibiting cell connector for electrical connection of two adjacent battery cells protrudes into a second cooling air channel.
• the first and / or second cooling air ducts may be part of a closed cooling air circuit for cooling the battery, wherein preferably the cooling air circuit has at least one cooling air blower and at least one heat exchanger. Due to the closed cooling air circuit, the cooling of the battery can be largely independent of adverse environmental influences, such as temperature and humidity fluctuations, air pollution, or the like, performed. This ensures constant optimum operating conditions for the battery and enables a long service life of the same.
• At least one sealed seam of a battery cell of a first stack can protrude into a free space formed by sealing seams of two adjacent battery cells of a second stack.
• the sealing seams delimiting the free space or projecting into the free space can form flow guide surfaces for cooling air.
• a thermal and electrical insulation layer is disposed, wherein preferably the insulating layer is formed by an insulating film.
• the required space can be reduced and the volumetric energy density can be increased.
• FIG. 1 shows a battery according to the invention in an oblique view from above.
• Fig. 2 shows the battery in a section along the line II - II in Fig. 1;
• FIG. 10 shows a battery module in a section according to the line X - X in FIG. 9;
• FIG. 11 shows a detail of this battery module in a section analogous to FIG. 10.
• the rechargeable battery 1 has in the exemplary embodiment seven battery modules 2, wherein each battery module 2 has two stacks 3, 4 of juxtaposed and strained battery cells 5.
• the stacks 3, 4 of each battery module 2 are sandwiched between two structurally stiff corrugated metal plates 6, e.g. Aluminum, or plastic, arranged, wherein the plates 6 may be formed by die castings.
• the plates 6 themselves are clamped between two holding plates 7, 8 at the front and back of the battery 1, wherein the holding plate 7 is fixedly connected at the front via clamping screws 9 with the holding plate 8 at the rear.
• the clamping screws 9 are each arranged in the region of the plates 6.
• the plates 6 together with the holding plates 7, 8 form a holding frame 10 for the battery modules 2.
• the holding plates 7, 8 have openings in order to keep the weight as low as possible.
• the - seen in the stacking direction y - defined distance between the clamping screws 9 ensures that the battery cells 5 are installed in the correct position and with certain and over the life of the battery 1 substantially invariable bias.
• an elastic insulating layer 6a for example of a foam, arranged, which allows a uniform and gentle pressure distribution.
• the battery 1 together with the holding frame 10 is arranged in a housing 12, wherein between the housing 12 and the battery 1 cooling air flow paths are formed.
• To guide the flow of cooling air flow guide surfaces 13 are incorporated into the housing bottom 12a, as shown in FIG. 2 and 4 can be seen.
• Each battery cell 5 is surrounded by a plastic sheath 14, wherein the plastic sheath 14 approximately in the region of a Zellstoffebene 15 along the narrow side 5a has a protruding seal seam 16 for sealing. Between the sealing seams 16 of two adjacent battery cells 5 of a stack 3, 4 a free space 17 is spanned in each case.
• each battery module 2 are offset and formed overlapping each other.
• the Offset V is approximately half the thickness D of a battery cell 5.
• the sealing seams 16 of a battery cell 5 of the one stack 3, 4 protrude into a space 17 of two adjacent battery cells 5 of the other stack 4, 3 open space 17.
• the free space 17 can be used at least partially by accommodating part of the sealing seams 16. This has a very beneficial effect on the size of the installed space and on the volumetric energy density.
• the offset v between the two stacks 3, 4 causes the plates 6 form a step 24 in the region of a longitudinal center plane la of the battery 1.
• connection between the cell connectors 19, 20 and the cell poles 18 may be implemented as a clinching connection 21 comprising one or more clinching points 21a in a clinching process. This allows a particularly high current carrying capacity by means of multiple multiple points arranged next to one another and a corrosion-resistant long-term connection due to the hermetically sealed joints and easy contacting of the cell poles 18 with different materials (copper to aluminum and vice versa), without additional components.
• two to four sheets can be electrically connected to each other with the same tool, with the materials copper, aluminum and steel, in particular, being suitable for wall thicknesses of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
• cell voltage monitoring cables 22 can thus be connected to the cell poles 18 in a clinching operation method simultaneously with the cell connectors 19, 20 in one step. Since the position of the clinching points 21a of the clinching joint 21 is allowed to scatter more than, for example, a laser welding joint, a relatively high tolerance compensation capability results.
• parallel and multiple tools can be realized for larger quantities a simple and cost-effective production, with only a few and easily controllable influencing factors such as material wall thickness, pressing force, etc. are available.
• the heat-dissipating surface of the battery 1 is increased, which is particularly important in direct air cooling of the cell poles 18 of importance.
• the protruding clinch points 21a also contribute to the increase in turbulence, which improves the heat transport, in particular in the case of air cooling.
• clinching points 21a also contribute to increasing the volumetric energy density through efficient use of space.
• thermal and electrical insulator layer 23 for example, an insulating film, arranged to prevent the occurrence of a "domino effect" in a thermal overload of an adjacent battery cell 5.
• the free spaces 17 at the same time form cooling air channels 26, 27.
• first cooling air channels 26 which are arranged in the direction of the vertical axis z of the battery 1.
• the sealing seams 16 thereby form flow guide surfaces for the air flow and heat-dissipating surfaces.
• second cooling air channels 27 are formed in the region of the cell poles 18 through the free spaces 17 at the top of the battery cells 5.
• the first and second cooling air channels 26, 27 are part of a closed cooling air circuit 28 for cooling the battery 1, wherein the cooling air circuit 28 has at least one cooling air blower 29 and at least one heat exchanger 30.
• the cooling air is - coming from the cooling air blower 29 and the heat exchanger 30 - in the housing 12 in the region of the holding plate 9 at the rear and / or top of the battery 1 or in the region of the cell poles 18 supplied.
• the cooling air flows through the second cooling air channels 27 and cools cell poles 18 and cell connectors 19, 20. Thereafter, at least a portion of the cooling air passes into the first cooling air channels 26, which lead the cooling air counter to the vertical axis z down.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)
• Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
• Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (3)

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Citations (8)

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• 2011
  • 2011-06-30 AT ATA957/2011A patent/AT511668B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2012
  • 2012-06-26 WO PCT/EP2012/062338 patent/WO2013000900A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2012-06-26 CN CN201280032756.3A patent/CN103918102B/zh active Active
  • 2012-06-26 EP EP12730511.8A patent/EP2727169B1/de active Active
  • 2012-06-26 KR KR1020147000735A patent/KR20140042850A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-06-26 JP JP2014517652A patent/JP6063933B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-06-26 US US14/129,977 patent/US20140141311A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (8)

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