WO2013000736A1 - Structure hybride servant à cultiver des habitats d'eau douce et d'eau salée - Google Patents

Structure hybride servant à cultiver des habitats d'eau douce et d'eau salée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013000736A1
WO2013000736A1 PCT/EP2012/061462 EP2012061462W WO2013000736A1 WO 2013000736 A1 WO2013000736 A1 WO 2013000736A1 EP 2012061462 W EP2012061462 W EP 2012061462W WO 2013000736 A1 WO2013000736 A1 WO 2013000736A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hybrid structure
yarns
backbone member
rib portion
longitudinal backbone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/061462
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jeroen Gallens
Kris SYNHAEVE
Henk CORNELUS
Dirk Tytgat
Original Assignee
Nv Bekaert Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nv Bekaert Sa filed Critical Nv Bekaert Sa
Publication of WO2013000736A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013000736A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hybrid structure for cultivation of
  • saltwater and freshwater habitats and more particularly to hybrid structures which can be suitable as seed capture installations and cultivation of shell fish such as mussels.
  • Cultivation of shell fish such as mussels can be carried out on suspended ropes, a technique which aids in extending the cultivation offshore.
  • This technique has an advantage of increasing the production of shell fish.
  • the rope diameter ranges around 3-5 cm and is often made of synthetic material such as nylon or polyethylene.
  • the rope has a length range of 6- 10 m.
  • the life span of these ropes is roughly 2 years which gets reduced if rope is exposed to a salt water environment.
  • the ropes can be suspended from rafts, or wooden frames, or buoys. Each raft can carry 50 to 1000 ropes. The average weight of ropes is roughly 50 kg.
  • the ropes should also function as seed capture installations. Seed capture installations is a technique for growing and subsequently harvesting mussels from their seed.
  • the present invention relates to a hybrid structure for
  • cultivating saltwater and freshwater habitats comprising: (a) a longitudinal backbone member, wherein said longitudinal backbone member is extended over the length of the hybrid structure and wherein said longitudinal backbone member comprises corrosion resistant elongated metal element(s); and (b) a rib portion extended over at least a portion of the length of the longitudinal backbone member, the rib portion is comprising plurality of yarns, preferably filament yarns; and wherein said rib portion is mechanically and/or chemically attached to the said longitudinal backbone member.
  • the mechanical attachment is achieved by weaving, knitting or braiding.
  • the corrosion resistant elongated metal element(s) are provided in the length direction of the backbone member.
  • the yarns of the rib portion are extending outside the zone where the yarns of the rib portion are attached to the longitudinal backbone member.
  • the plurality of yarns of the rib portion is
  • the hybrid structure is a woven product selected from a group consisting of plain weave, twill weave or satin weave.
  • the hybrid structure is a woven product having a leno weave.
  • One of the benefits of use of a woven attachment of the rib portion to the backbone is that a firm attachment is achieved.
  • a warp knitting with weft inlay is provided.
  • An additional set of warp yarns e.g. multifilament yarns or monofilament yarns
  • the elongated metal element(s) are provided in the warp knitting process as a standing warp and the plurality of yarns of the rib portion are provided as one or more weft inlays.
  • An additional set of warp yarns e.g. multifilament yarns or monofilament yarns
  • the weft inlay is over part of the width of the backbone member and followed by an inlay in the other direction (in a next production cycle of the warp knitting machine); which is beneficial as the bonding of the weft inlay into the backbone member is intensified thus creating a stronger bond and a higher resistance of the attachment of the rib portion to the backbone member against mechanical disturbances (e.g. against pull out of the yarn of the rib portion) compared to an inlay over the full width of the backbone member. A longer lifetime of the hybrid structure is thus obtained.
  • the advantage woven, knitted or braided product is that the central strip or longitudinal backbone member is kept intact and the monofilament members of this central strip do not get loosened from the yarns to which such the polymer monofilaments or elongated metal element(s) are engaged to.
  • a firm attachment between the corrosion resistant elongated metal element(s) of the longitudinal backbone member and of the yarns of the rib portion is obtained, resulting in a good mechanical resistance of the hybrid structure.
  • Such a grip is extremely useful in harsh weather conditions when water surface is severe and in addition the weight of shell fish attached to hybrid structure creates additional tension to the central strip member or longitudinal backbone member.
  • central strip or longitudinal backbone member which represents to be a densely packaged structure as a result of when high stitch density (when warp knitting is used) or when high warp and weft density (when knitting is used) are used, is to hold the yarns intact so that during cultivation of the shell fish, increased weight stress resulting on the filament yarns does not lead to loosening of the filament yarns from the central strip or longitudinal backbone member.
  • the present invention relates to a seed capture
  • installation comprising the hybrid structure of present invention attached to buoys spaced at regular intervals.
  • the present invention relates to a method of cultivating shell fish comprising the steps of: (i) suspending the hybrid structure of the present invention into installation area in a coiled form, wherein the hybrid structure is in a circular coiled form; (ii) incubating the hybrid structure for seed capture process wherein seed of shell fish attach to the yarns of the rib portion to form a seed culture; (iii) opening and stretching the coiled hybrid structure in a linear manner and optionally suspending the hybrid structures from rafts, or frames or from long lines of floating buoys; (iv) rearing and harvesting the fully formed shell fish by separation from the hybrid structures.
  • the advantage of such a process is that the farmers can avoid the thinning step wherein the half grown mussels are taken out of the water and rub off clusters of shell fish by hand and the mussels from original ropes are attached to new ropes. This thinning process is done to prevent mussels from falling off in rough weather. Such a labor-intensive process can be avoided by the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 a and 1 b illustrate one embodiment of the invention wherein the
  • hybrid structure is a woven product.
  • FIG. 2a and 2b illustrate one embodiment of the invention wherein the
  • hybrid structure is a knitted product.
  • elongated metal elements are objects that have a high length to diameter (or equivalent diameter) ratio.
  • elongated metal objects that can be used in the invention are elongated metal
  • the shape of said elongated metal elements are selected from the group consisting of round, flat, square, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, oval, half-round and mixtures thereof.
  • coated refers to the context of covering on the elongated steel monofilaments and includes processes such as cladding, electroplating, painting, dipping and extrusion.
  • the cladding process includes a process wherein the a strip of e.g. copper or copper alloy is bent around said elongated metal monofilament and welded on said elongated metal monofilament.
  • monofilaments refer to filaments of elongated metal wires such as stainless steel alloys or any corrosion resistant metal wire such as copper, brass or stainless steel alloy wire further comprising a coating such as copper or copper based alloy.
  • the term monofilaments may also refer to polymer monofilaments, usually of a denier higher than 14 and may be selected from a group consisting of polyester, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene, polypropylene, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide and nylon.
  • woven refers to a structure composed of two sets of yarns or filaments, warp and filling (or weft), that is formed by weaving, which is the interlacing of warp and weft.
  • the term woven may also cover hybrid structures in which three or more sets of filaments are used to give a triaxial weave.
  • the term woven also covers different types of weaves, plain, twill, satin and combinations thereof.
  • the term "knitted” refers to a structure made by interlocking series of loops of one or more yarns or filaments.
  • the term knitted may include warp knitting and weft knitting.
  • the structure is made of weft insertion warp knitting (WIWK) in which warp knitting stitches (loops) are made and in which a yarn or filament is inserted over at least part of the working width on the warp knitting machine. This inlay yarn is fastened between the over- and underlap of the loops (or stitches) formed in warp knitting.
  • WIWK weft insertion warp knitting
  • filament yarn may refer to monofilament yarn or multifilament yarn for a continuous strand of polymer filaments in a form suitable for knitting, weaving or intertwining to form a textile fabric. Such a yarn may be characterized by dtex, denier or tex units.
  • Multifilament yarn refers to a group of filaments being extruded through a spinneret to form a yarn, while monofilaments are spun individually.
  • One example of multifilament yarn could be polypropylene BCF (Bulk Continuous Filament) yarn.
  • the rib portion of the hybrid structure comprises a plurality of multifilament yarns such as polymer multifilament yarns. Use of such a multifilament yarn in a hybrid structure of the present invention results in providing greater open surface area which will add efficiency during seed capture of saltwater or freshwater habitat such as a mussel seed.
  • stitch density refers to number of stitches per cm in the central strip or backbone member of the hybrid structure. In an embodiment of the present invention the stitch density ranges from 2 to 50 stitches/cm, preferably 5 to 25 stitches/cm, more preferably 5 to 15 stitches/cm.
  • Fig. 1 a, 2a and 2b show a hybrid structure for cultivating saltwater and freshwater habitats comprising: (a) a longitudinal backbone member, wherein said longitudinal backbone member is extended over the length of the hybrid structure and wherein said longitudinal backbone member comprises corrosion resistant elongated metal element 10; and (b) a rib portion extended over at least a portion of the length of the of said backbone member comprising plurality of yarns; and wherein said rib portion is attached mechanically to the said longitudinal backbone member via weaving or knitted structure.
  • Fig. 1 a and 2a show the backbone member to include additional set of yarns in the longitudinal direction of backbone member such as polymer monofilaments which are similar in size to the elongated metal elements and are present in alternating manner.
  • the elongated metal element(s) is a copper alloy coated steel element and tensile strength of the steel is around 500-1500 MPa.
  • the tensile strength of a test specimen is the breaking load of the test specimen per unit of unstrained cross- sectional area. The tensile strength is expressed in Newton per square millimeter (or MPa).
  • the elongated metal monofilament is a steel wire of low carbon content below 0.20 wt%.
  • the steel wire has preferably a carbon content ranging between 0.04 wt % and 0.20 wt %.
  • the complete composition of the wire rod may be as follows: a carbon content of 0.06 wt %, a silicon content of 0.166 wt %, a chromium content of 0.042 wt %, a copper content of 0.173 wt %, a manganese content of 0.382 wt %, a molybdenum content of 0.013 wt %, a nitrogen content of 0.006 wt %, a nickel content of 0.077 wt %, a phosphorus content of 0.007 wt %, a sulfur content of 0.013 wt %.
  • the elongated metal monofilament is a steel wire of high carbon content above 0.25 wt% and lower than 1 .0 wt%.
  • the steel wire is highly mechanically deformed..
  • the polymer monofilaments are selected from a group consisting of
  • polyester polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene, polypropylene, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide and nylon.
  • the corrosion resistant metal monofilament is stainless steel alloy selected from a group consisting of 201 , 202, 301 , 302, 303, 303Se, 304; 304L, 309S, 31 OS, 306, 316L, 317, 317L, 321 , 329, 330, 347, 409, 410, 416, 416Se, 420, 430, 440C, 442, 904L, 17-4 PH, 17-7PH, 2205, CA-6NM, CA-15, CA-40, CF-3, CF-3M, CF- 8, CF-8M, CH-20, CK-20, HF, HH, HK.
  • the metal wires may be coated with copper or copper alloys.
  • the coating may involve dip, diffusion or cladding procedures.
  • the cladding procedure involves a copper or copper alloy strip welded on or around said metal wires.
  • the copper alloy may be copper nickel alloy comprising at least 80 percent by weight copper and between 5 percent by weight and 15 percent by weight nickel.
  • a first benefit of copper is that it is resistant to corrosion and hence enhances the lifetime of the elongated backbone member and hence of the hybrid structure.
  • Another benefit of copper is that it is resistant to fouling. Hence less fouling will originate on the hybrid system, which means that harvesting the mussels is facilitated.
  • the metal wires may be coated with Zinc or Zinc alloys such as Zinc-Aluminum alloys.
  • filament yarn refers to multifilament yarn comprising at least 5, preferably at least 10, more preferably at least 25 filaments having a linear density of 900 dtex.
  • Such multifilament yarn may be produced using air-jet technique.
  • multifilament yarns are of high tenacity, for instance a polyester of 1 100 dtex.
  • the plurality of yarns of the rib portion is voluminous. It is meant that the yarns have a large surface area, e.g. because fiber loops or loose fiber ends are extending out of the surface of the yarn.
  • spun yarns that intrinsically have hairiness and texturized multifilament yarns (e.g. BCF-yarns or air-jet textured yarns). The advantage of such yarns is that such products have a more voluminous surface texture which enhances seed capture of the salt and fresh water habitat and thus enhances anchorage and increases production.
  • FIG. 1 a illustrates an embodiment of the present invention wherein
  • elongated metal element(s) 10 for instance a copper alloy cladded steel monofilament
  • polymer monofilaments 12 are provided as warp yarn as part of the elongated backbone member.
  • weft yarns 14 which are filament yarns
  • the filament yarns 14 are forming the rib portion of the hybrid structure.
  • the weft yarns 14 extend outside the zone provided with warp yarns (and hence extend outside the zone where the interlacing is done).
  • the weft yarns can e.g. be inserted on a shuttle or needle loom, resulting in loop ends at the outside of the rib portion. Via cutting the loops or via use of other weaving looms as are known in the art, cut ends can be obtained at the edges of the rib portion.
  • Fig. 1 b show that 10 and 12 are positioned close to each other in an alternating manner to form the central strip or longitudinal backbone member which in turn are engaged with the filament yarns 14 in weaving to form a woven fabric.
  • FIG. 2a and 2b illustrates a different embodiment of the present invention.
  • the hybrid structure comprises filament yarns 14, elongated metal elements 10 and optionally polymer monofilaments 12 which are connected via warp knitting stitches.
  • Fig. 2b illustrates an embodiment of the present invention wherein
  • elongated metal element(s) 10 for instance a copper alloy cladded steel monofilament.
  • Fig. 2b represents warp knitting with weft inlay over part of the width length of the longitudinal backbone member and weft is filament yarn 14.
  • the weft filament yarn 14 is inserted up to a certain position (for instance middle portion) of the longitudinal backbone member.
  • the weft filament yarn 14 is laid in a direction opposite to the direction it was laid in the first cycle of process.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure hybride servant à cultiver des habitats d'eau douce et d'eau salée, tels que des moules. Cette structure comprend un/des élément(s) métallique(s) allongé(s) résistant(s) à la corrosion et de préférence résistant(s) aux salissures, placé(s) dans une partie bande centrale, des fils étant flanqués des deux côtés sous forme de nervures, les habitats d'eau douce et d'eau salée se fixant sur les fils pour s'y développer avant d'être récoltés. Le(s) élément(s) métallique(s) allongé(s) peuvent être des alliages à base de cuivre qui empêchent la fixation des habitats d'eau douce ou d'eau salée afin de faciliter la récolte et d'augmenter la durée de vie de la structure hybride.
PCT/EP2012/061462 2011-06-30 2012-06-15 Structure hybride servant à cultiver des habitats d'eau douce et d'eau salée WO2013000736A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11172071 2011-06-30
EP11172071.0 2011-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013000736A1 true WO2013000736A1 (fr) 2013-01-03

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3118357A1 (fr) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-18 Ets A. Deschamps Et Fils Procede et machine de fabrication d'une structure tissee
EP2996466A4 (fr) * 2013-05-15 2017-02-08 R-D Mytis Ltd. Corde à boucles de mytiliculture
CN107581114A (zh) * 2016-07-07 2018-01-16 大连旅顺星汇绳网有限公司 贻贝的附苗器
CN107593556A (zh) * 2016-07-07 2018-01-19 大连旅顺星汇绳网有限公司 贻贝的附苗器
AU2015224477B2 (en) * 2014-09-12 2019-06-20 Fabrics For Industry Pty Ltd Shellfish socks

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853095A (en) * 1973-06-15 1974-12-10 K Lawrence Artificial cultch for oysters
NL7708788A (nl) * 1976-08-11 1978-02-14 Gm Maheo Conseil Soc Civ Uit staven bestaand rooster voor het verzamelen van oesterbroedsel.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3853095A (en) * 1973-06-15 1974-12-10 K Lawrence Artificial cultch for oysters
NL7708788A (nl) * 1976-08-11 1978-02-14 Gm Maheo Conseil Soc Civ Uit staven bestaand rooster voor het verzamelen van oesterbroedsel.

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2996466A4 (fr) * 2013-05-15 2017-02-08 R-D Mytis Ltd. Corde à boucles de mytiliculture
AU2015224477B2 (en) * 2014-09-12 2019-06-20 Fabrics For Industry Pty Ltd Shellfish socks
EP3118357A1 (fr) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-18 Ets A. Deschamps Et Fils Procede et machine de fabrication d'une structure tissee
FR3038919A1 (fr) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-20 Ets A Deschamps Et Fils Procede et machine de fabrication d'une structure tissee
US10246801B2 (en) 2015-07-13 2019-04-02 Ets A. Deschamps Et Fils Method and machine for producing a woven structure
CN107581114A (zh) * 2016-07-07 2018-01-16 大连旅顺星汇绳网有限公司 贻贝的附苗器
CN107593556A (zh) * 2016-07-07 2018-01-19 大连旅顺星汇绳网有限公司 贻贝的附苗器

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