WO2012176095A1 - Dispositif d'émission lumineuse avec indication de surchauffe - Google Patents

Dispositif d'émission lumineuse avec indication de surchauffe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012176095A1
WO2012176095A1 PCT/IB2012/052981 IB2012052981W WO2012176095A1 WO 2012176095 A1 WO2012176095 A1 WO 2012176095A1 IB 2012052981 W IB2012052981 W IB 2012052981W WO 2012176095 A1 WO2012176095 A1 WO 2012176095A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
thermo
responsive material
state
output device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/052981
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Martinus Hermanus Wilhelmus Maria Van Delden
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2012176095A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012176095A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/06—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using melting, freezing, or softening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/40—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light-output device and to a method of manufacturing such a light-output device.
  • LEDs and other solid state light-sources are employed in a wide range of lighting applications.
  • LEDs have the advantage of providing a bright light, being reasonably inexpensive and drawing very little power, it is becoming increasingly attractive to use LEDs as an alternative to traditional incandescent lighting.
  • LEDs have a long operational lifetime. As an example, LED lamps may last 100 000 hours which is up to 100 times the operational life of an incandescent lamp.
  • a general object of the present invention is to provide an improved light-output device, and in particular a light-output device that enables determination of whether or not the light- source ⁇ ) comprised in the light-output device has/have been operated in an overheating condition.
  • a light- output device comprising: a carrier including electrical leads; a light-source attached to the carrier in such a way that the light-source is electrically connected to at least two of the electrical leads comprised in the carrier; and a first thermo -responsive material in thermal contact with the light-source, the first thermo -responsive material exhibiting a transition from a first state to a second state different from the first state when the first thermo -responsive material is subjected to a temperature above a first activation temperature.
  • the carrier may have any configuration.
  • the carrier may comprise a base plate having a conductor pattern formed thereon.
  • the carrier may be formed by a mesh or net of metallic wires.
  • the first thermo -responsive material may be in direct or indirect thermal contact with the light-source.
  • the thermo -responsive material may be arranged adjacent to at least one of the electrical leads and be in thermal contact with the light-source via the electrical leads.
  • the electrical leads may exhibit an increasing temperature first, because they conduct the dissipated heat away from the light-source.
  • the present invention is based on the realization that the desired indication of whether or not the light-source has been operated in an overheating condition can be achieved in a simple and cost-effective manner by providing a thermo -responsive material in thermal connection with the light-source. By checking whether or not a transition from the first state to the second state has taken place, it can be determined whether or not the light- source has been operated in an overheating condition.
  • the conditions for replacement of a broken light-output device can be determined.
  • the overheating indication may be useful for designing devices comprising the light-output device and/or the operating scheme for the light-output device.
  • overheating indication described herein may not only be useful for light-output devices. On the contrary, it is envisioned that the same concept is applicable to other devices that do not necessarily comprise solid state light-sources, such as electrical appliances etc.
  • the transition from the first state to the second state may advantageously be irreversible. This means that any overheating condition that has occurred during the life-time of the light-output device will be detectable even at a time when there is no overheating condition.
  • transition from the first state to the second state is "irreversible" should be understood to mean that a portion of the first thermo -responsive material that has been subjected to an elevated temperature above the first activation temperature will be in a state that is different from the first state even after the temperature has fallen below the first activation temperature.
  • the first state may be a first optical state
  • the second state may be a second optical state visibly different from the first optical state.
  • the second optical state may be visibly different from the first optical state in one or several different ways. For example, there may be a difference in optical transmission or in color.
  • the first thermo -responsive material may advantageously comprise a bulk material and a plurality of capsules embedded in the bulk material, the capsules being filled with a fluid that is in a liquid phase at temperatures below the first activation temperature and in a gas phase at temperatures above the first activation temperature.
  • the fluid inside the capsules When the fluid inside the capsules is heated up to its "activation" temperature or above, the fluid inside the capsules will turn from a liquid in to a gas.
  • the associated increase in volume increases the diameter of the capsules until they burst. Once the capsules have burst, the gas molecules may penetrate the surrounding bulk material.
  • the effective refractive index of the first thermo -responsive material changes dramatically. That is, through the creation of a bulk/"air" interface, the optical properties of the first thermo- responsive material change to such an extent that the appearance of the first thermo- responsive material changes from a first optical state (such as slightly hazy) to a second optical state (such as clearly diffuse).
  • the appearance will be milky white above the first activation temperature.
  • the liquid inside the capsules at temperatures below the first activation temperature also contained a dye, also the dye may penetrate the surrounding bulk material and spread over a larger volume at temperatures above the first activation temperature.
  • the first thermo -responsive material may turn colored. If capsules with differently colored fluid having different activation temperatures are present, the level of overheating can be deduced from the resulting color pattern. Alternatively, the level of overheating may also be deduced from the size of the milky white area and its extension along the electric leads (also the more cooler part become heated above the activation temperature).
  • the first thermo- responsive material may advantageously be selected such that the first activation temperature is matched to the prescribed operating temperature of the light-source.
  • the first activation temperature may be selected to be slightly higher than the maximum prescribed operating temperature to ensure that also slightly elevated temperatures can be detected.
  • the first activation temperature may be selected to be significantly higher than the maximum prescribed operating temperature, in order to allow selective detection of severe overheating.
  • the light-output device may advantageously further comprise a second thermo -responsive material in thermal contact with the light-source, the second thermo -responsive material exhibiting a transition from a first state to a second state different from the first state when the second thermo- responsive material is subjected to a temperature above a second activation temperature.
  • the second thermo -responsive material may be the same type of material as the first thermo -responsive material, or may utilize a different mechanism for achieving the heat-induced transition from a first state to a second state.
  • each of the first thermo -responsive material and the second thermo -responsive material comprises fluid- filled capsules
  • the fluid- filled capsules comprised in the different thermo -responsive materials may be filled with differently colored fluids having different activation temperatures, that is, transition from liquid phase to gas phase at different temperatures.
  • the light-output device may, furthermore, advantageously comprise a plurality of light-sources arranged on the carrier in such a way that each light-source is electrically connected to at least two of the electrical leads comprised in the carrier. If a subset of the light-sources are operated under overheating conditions, this will be detectable by studying the response of the thermo -responsive material(s). In the vicinity of light-sources that have been operated under overheating conditions, the thermo -responsive material(s) will have transitioned to the second state, which will be detectable upon inspection.
  • the light-source comprised in the light- output device may be a solid-state light-source, such as a light-emitting diode (LED) or a semiconductor laser.
  • LED light-emitting diode
  • a method of manufacturing a light-output device comprising the steps of: providing a light- output assembly comprising a carrier with electrical leads and a plurality of light-sources attached to the carrier in such a way that each of the light-sources is electrically connected to at least two of the electrical leads comprised in the carrier; providing a first thermo- responsive material in thermal contact with at least one of the light-sources, the first thermo- responsive material exhibiting a transition from a first state to a second state different from the first state when the first thermo-responsive material is subjected to a temperature above a first activation temperature.
  • the step of providing the first thermo- responsive material may comprise the steps of: applying, to the light-output assembly, the first thermo-responsive material in the form of a bulk material and a plurality of fluid-filled capsules embedded in the bulk material; and curing the first thermo-responsive material at a temperature below the first activation temperature of the first thermo-responsive material.
  • the light-output assembly may be coated with the first thermo- responsive material by means of fluid phase coating followed by curing at the above- mentioned temperature below the first activation temperature.
  • the coat may range from a slight dip, thin layer only to a fully embedded light-output device.
  • the curing may take place at a temperature that is significantly lower than the first activation temperature.
  • the curing temperature may be at least 10°C lower than the first activation temperature.
  • the curing time as well as the selection of bulk material are design factors.
  • the light-output assembly may be covered by a separate light-transmission substance. According to one embodiment, this light-transmission substance may be applied and cured before the application of the first thermo-responsive material.
  • the first thermo-responsive material (and the second thermo-responsive material where applicable) may be provided by providing a sheet comprising the first thermo-responsive material; and laminating the sheet to the light-output assembly.
  • Fig 1 is a schematic illustration of exemplary embodiments of the light-output device according to the present invention where one light-source has been operated under overheating conditions;
  • Fig 2a is a cross-section view of a first example embodiment of the light- output device in fig 1 of a section taken along the line AA';
  • Figs 2b-c are enlarged views of indicated portions of the light-output device in fig 2a;
  • Fig 3 a is a cross-section view of a second example embodiment of the light- output device in fig 1 of a section taken along the line AA';
  • Figs 3b-e are enlarged views of indicated portions of the light-output device in fig 3 a;
  • Fig 4 is a flow chart schematically illustrating a first example embodiment of the method according to the present invention.
  • Fig 5 is a flow chart schematically illustrating a second example embodiment of the method according to the present invention.
  • the present invention is described with reference to a LED-based light-output device in which the LEDs are electrically connected between wires such that a mesh is formed.
  • the mesh is embedded in an at least partly optically transmissive material.
  • the light-sources may be attached to another kind of carrier, such as a PCB (printed circuit board) based carrier.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the light-output device 1 comprises a carrier in the form of a plurality of metallic wires 2a-d and a plurality of light- sources in the form of LEDs 3a- f.
  • the light-output device 1 further comprises a thermo-responsive material that is in thermal contact with the LEDs 3a-f and electric lead wires.
  • thermo-responsive material may be provided in different configurations, and the light-output device 1 may comprise several different thermo-responsive materials.
  • two example embodiments of the light-output device in fig 1 having different configurations of the thermo-responsive material will be described with reference to figs 2a-c and figs 3a-f.
  • Fig 2a is a cross-section view of a first example embodiment of the light- output device in fig 1 of a section taken along the line AA'.
  • each of the LEDs 3a-b has been electrically connected to a corresponding pair of electrically conducting wires 2a-b and 2c-d, respectively.
  • the electrical connection between the LEDs 3a-b and the electrically conducting wires 2a-d may, for example, take place through soldering or gluing with conductive glue.
  • the LED-carrier assembly (LEDs 3a-b attached and electrically connected to the electrically conducting wires 2a-d) is embedded in a first thermo-responsive material 6.
  • a first thermo-responsive material 6 As was described above with reference to fig 1 , one LED 3b has been operated under overheating conditions, which has resulted in that the first thermo-responsive material 6 has locally transitioned from the first optical state (transparent) to the second optical state (diffuse).
  • the first thermo-responsive material 6 Around the LED 3a to the left in fig 2a, the first thermo-responsive material 6 has not been subjected to temperatures above the activation temperature of the first thermo- responsive material, which means that it is still in its first optical state (transparent).
  • the first thermo-responsive material in the present exemplary embodiment comprises a bulk material 8 and a plurality of unexpanded fluid-filled capsules, collectively denoted 9.
  • suitable fluid-filled capsules are the fluid- filled microspheres Expancel® by AkzoNobel.
  • the fluid- filled microspheres 9 have not been subjected to a temperature above the first activation temperature, which means that the fluid- filled microspheres 9 are unexpanded and the fluid inside the microspheres 9 is in its liquid phase.
  • the fluid- filled microspheres 9 are unexpanded and the fluid inside the microspheres 9 is in its liquid phase.
  • refractive index there is no large difference in refractive index at the interface between the bulk material 8 and the microspheres. Accordingly, light is only weakly scattered by the unexpanded microspheres 9..
  • thermo-responsive material 6 In the vicinity of the LED 3b to the right in fig 2a, the thermo-responsive material 6 has been subjected to a temperature above the first activation temperature.
  • thermo-responsive material 6 close to the LED 3b to the right have been expanded, and are denoted by the reference numeral 10 in fig 2c, which is an enlarged portion of the first thermo -responsive material 6 as is indicated in fig 2a.
  • the transition from unexpanded to expanded is irreversible, which means that the presence of overheating conditions at any time during the product lifetime will be
  • the microspheres expand due to a transition from the liquid phase to the gas phase of the fluid inside the microspheres. Upon/during this phase transition, the microspheres expand( their volumes may increase by as much as a factor 10) until they burst.
  • gas-filled cavities also denoted expanded microspheres 10
  • the bulk material 8 which means that there will now be a much larger difference in refractive index at the interface between the bulk material 8 and the expanded microspheres 10. This means that the optical appearance of the thermo -responsive material will go from slightly hazy to substantially diffuse as is schematically illustrated in fig 2a.
  • thermo -responsive material may be provided regarding whether or not a particular portion of the first thermo -responsive material has been subjected to temperatures higher than the first activation temperature during the lifetime of the light-output device.
  • thermo -responsive material having a second activation temperature that is different from the first activation temperature of the first thermo -responsive material 6.
  • Fig 3 a is a cross-section view of a second example embodiment of the light- output device in fig 1 of a section taken along the line AA'.
  • each of the LEDs 3a-b has been electrically connected to a corresponding pair of electrically conducting wires 2a-b and 2c-d, respectively.
  • the electrical connection between the LEDs 3a-b and the electrically conducting wires 2a-d may, for example, take place through soldering or gluing with conductive glue.
  • the LED-carrier assembly (LEDs 3a-b attached and electrically connected to the electrically conducting wires 2a-d) is embedded in a light-transmissive material 12, which may or may not be a thermo -responsive material.
  • the light- transmissive material 12 is a material without micro-spheres that is used to mechanically stabilize the light-output device 1 and protect the LEDs 3a-b.
  • a first layer 14 comprising the first thermo-responsive material 6, and a second layer 15 comprising a second thermo-responsive material 17 are provided on top of the light-output assembly formed by the electrically conducting wires 2a-d, the LEDs 3a-b and the light- transmissive material 12, a first layer 14 comprising the first thermo-responsive material 6, and a second layer 15 comprising a second thermo-responsive material 17 are provided.
  • the first thermo-responsive material 6 comprises unexpanded microspheres 9 in the vicinity of the LED 3a to the left and expanded microspheres 10 in the vicinity of the LED 3b to the right. Accordingly, the first thermo-responsive material has transitioned from the first optical state (transparent) to the second optical state (diffuse) in the vicinity of the LED 3b to the right and not in the vicinity of the LED 3 a to the left. The reason for this is that the temperature in the first layer 14 has been below the first activation temperature T al in the vicinity of the LED 3 a to the left and above the first activation temperature T al in the vicinity of the LED 3b to the right.
  • thermo-responsive material 17 having a second, different activation temperature T a2 , which is lower than the activation temperature Tai of the first thermo-responsive material 6.
  • a carrier-LED assembly comprising LEDs 3a-b attached to a carrier 2a-d is provided.
  • an optically transparent thermo- responsive material 6 comprising a bulk material 8 and unexpanded fluid-filled
  • microspheres 9 is provided in thermal contact with the LEDs 3a-b.
  • the thermo-responsive material 6 may, for example, be provided as a coating encapsulating the LEDs 3a-b and the metal wires 2a-d.
  • the carrier-LED assembly may be laminated between sheets of thermo-responsive material 6.
  • the embedded carrier-LED assembly is cured at a curing temperature T c which is lower than the activation temperature T a at which the unexpanded fluid-filled microspheres 9 transition to expanded microspheres 10.
  • the curing temperature T c may be at least 10°C lower than the activation temperature T a , or there may be an even larger difference.
  • the choice of curing temperature T c will depend on various factors, such as the expected process variations, the variation in activation temperature of different batches of the thermo-responsive material 6 and the curing time.
  • a carrier-LED assembly comprising LEDs 3a-b attached to a carrier 2a-d is provided.
  • the carrier-LED assembly is embedded in a light-transmissive material 12, such as, for example silicones, polyureathanes (PU), polycarbonates (PC), polymethylmethacrylates (PMMA), polyvinylacetates (PVC) and derivates but not limited to these materials as such.
  • a light-transmissive material 12 such as, for example silicones, polyureathanes (PU), polycarbonates (PC), polymethylmethacrylates (PMMA), polyvinylacetates (PVC) and derivates but not limited to these materials as such.
  • the light-transmissive material 12 is cured at a suitable curing temperature, which may be selected without considering the activation temperature(s) of thermo-responsive material(s), since such material have not yet been introduced into the process.
  • a lower sheet 15 of a thermo-responsive material 17 having the above-mentioned second activation temperature T a2 is laminated to the top-surface of the carrier-LED assembly in step 204 as is schematically illustrated in fig 3 a.
  • the lamination temperature used in this process should be lower than the second activation temperature T a2 .
  • thermo-responsive material 6 having the above-mentioned first activation temperature T al (which is higher than the second activation temperature T a2 ) is laminated on top of the lower sheet 15 of thermo-responsive material.
  • the lamination temperature should again be lower than the second activation temperature T a2 (which is lower than the first activation temperature T al ).
  • thermo-responsive materials such as monomers that move at elevated temperatures.
  • the thermo- responsive material(s) may be arranged on either side or on both sides of the light-sources.
  • capsules, such as microspheres, filled with fluids with different phase transition temperatures may be provided in the same sheet. Additionally, the capsules/microspheres need not be uniformly distributed, but may be arranged only adjacent to the light-sources and/or the electrical leads to which the light-sources are connected.
  • curing may also be facilitated by the addition of one or more curing agent(s) which for example may be the case for silicones, PU and PVC for which curing can be accelerated by thermal curing.
  • curing agent(s) for example may be the case for silicones, PU and PVC for which curing can be accelerated by thermal curing.
  • curing can be done solely by UV-exposure or UV-exposure followed by thermal curing.
  • the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps
  • the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality.
  • a single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measured cannot be used to advantage.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) d'émission lumineuse comportant un support comprenant des conducteurs électriques (2a-d) ; une source lumineuse (3a-f) fixée au support de telle manière que la source lumineuse soit reliée électriquement à au moins deux des conducteurs électriques incorporés au support ; et un premier matériau (6) réagissant à la chaleur en contact thermique avec la source lumineuse (3a-f). Le premier matériau (6) réagissant à la chaleur présente une transition d'un premier état à un deuxième état différent du premier état lorsque le premier matériau réagissant à la chaleur est exposé à une température supérieure à une première température d'activation. En vérifiant si une transition du premier état au deuxième état a eu lieu, il est possible de déterminer si la source lumineuse a été utilisée en conditions de surchauffe.
PCT/IB2012/052981 2011-06-22 2012-06-13 Dispositif d'émission lumineuse avec indication de surchauffe WO2012176095A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11170978 2011-06-22
EP11170978.8 2011-06-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012176095A1 true WO2012176095A1 (fr) 2012-12-27

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PCT/IB2012/052981 WO2012176095A1 (fr) 2011-06-22 2012-06-13 Dispositif d'émission lumineuse avec indication de surchauffe

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4891250A (en) * 1988-02-17 1990-01-02 Weibe Edward W Electronic component operating temperature indicator
EP0422696A2 (fr) * 1985-07-23 1991-04-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Bandes lumineuses pour la signalisation routière horizontale et procédé et dispositifs pour les réaliser
WO1993024816A1 (fr) * 1992-05-22 1993-12-09 N.V. Raychem S.A. Article et procede d'application d'une composition d'indication de temperature
WO2009060356A2 (fr) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif de sortie de lumière
WO2010035171A2 (fr) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif d’éclairage doté d’un élément réfléchissant à variation thermique
CA2658172A1 (fr) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-04 Kevin O'rourke Equipement et methodes de distribution d'alimentation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0422696A2 (fr) * 1985-07-23 1991-04-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Bandes lumineuses pour la signalisation routière horizontale et procédé et dispositifs pour les réaliser
US4891250A (en) * 1988-02-17 1990-01-02 Weibe Edward W Electronic component operating temperature indicator
WO1993024816A1 (fr) * 1992-05-22 1993-12-09 N.V. Raychem S.A. Article et procede d'application d'une composition d'indication de temperature
WO2009060356A2 (fr) * 2007-11-09 2009-05-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif de sortie de lumière
WO2010035171A2 (fr) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif d’éclairage doté d’un élément réfléchissant à variation thermique
CA2658172A1 (fr) * 2009-03-04 2010-09-04 Kevin O'rourke Equipement et methodes de distribution d'alimentation

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