WO2012174951A1

WO2012174951A1 - Bolt set

Info

Publication number: WO2012174951A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/075115
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄亮
Original assignee: 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司; 北京智科投资管理有限公司
Priority date: 2011-06-21
Filing date: 2012-05-07
Publication date: 2012-12-27
Also published as: CN102840214A; CN102840214B

Abstract

A bolt set comprises a bolt (1) and a nut (2). The shank (1-2) of the bolt is sheathed with a fastening sheath (3). The fastening sheath (3) is located between the bolt head (1-1) and the nut (2). A set of unidirectional threads is disposed at each of opposite end surfaces of the fastening sheath (3) and the nut (2) in a radial direction. The two sets of threads engage with each other. The loosening direction of the thread at the end surface of the nut is the same as the rotation direction of tightening the nut (2) relative to the bolt (1). The fastening sheath (3) comprises a sleeve tube (3-1) and a thread base (3-2). The thread base (3-2) is disposed at one end of the sleeve tube (3-1), and the unidirectional thread is disposed at the end surface of one side of the thread base (3-2). A layer of thickened portion (1-4) is disposed on the shank (1-2) near the bolt head (1-1). Several bolt slots (1-3) are axially provided on the thickened portion (1-4). The other end of the sleeve tube (3-1) is disposed with several fastening sheath slots (3-3). The sleeve tube (3-1) and the bolt (1) are locked to the bolt slots (1-3) via the fastening sheath slots (3-3). The bolt set of the present invention, through the cooperation of a fastening sheath and a nut, the joining surfaces of which adopt a threaded installation face, enhances the anti-loosening performance of the nut.

Description

Bolt group

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical technology, and in particular to a anti-loose fastening bolt set. Background technique

In the process of automobile production and mechanical equipment fastening, ordinary bolts, nuts and elastic washers are usually used for fastening. In a short period of time, the fastening of the joints can be well achieved, but with time, tightening The torque is gradually attenuated, and as the vibration source continues to vibrate, the coupling nut is loosened, and finally the nut is detached, thereby causing a hidden trouble. Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to avoid loosening of the nut during the fastening process. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a bolt set including a bolt and a nut. The nut and the bolt are connected by a threaded lock. The screw of the bolt is sleeved with a fastening sleeve, and the fastening sleeve is located at the bolt head and the nut. A pair of one-way ratchet teeth are respectively disposed on the opposite end faces of the fastening sleeve and the nut, and the two sets of ratchet teeth are engaged, and the loosening direction of the ratchet teeth on the end surface of the nut is locked with the nut relative to the bolt The rotation direction is the same, the fastening sleeve includes a sleeve and a ratchet seat; the ratchet seat is disposed at one end of the sleeve, and the one-way ratchet is disposed on one end surface thereof, and the screw near the bolt head The upper part of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of bolt key grooves, and the other end of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of fastening sleeve key grooves, and the sleeve and the bolt pass through the fastening sleeve key groove. Engages with the bolt keyway.

The bolt set provided by the above technical solution adds a matching fastening sleeve to the common bolt set, and the fastening sleeve cooperates with the flange nut, and the fitting surface of the two adopts a ratchet mounting surface. Therefore, after the nut is fastened in the forward direction, the reverse rotation is difficult, thereby greatly enhancing the loosening performance of the nut, improving the safety of mechanical parts installation; and, the entire set of bolt sets has a simple structure. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a bolt set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a bolt in an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view of a nut in an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural view of a fastening sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic view showing the fixing of the connecting plate using the bolt set of the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, 1 : bolt; 1-1 : bolt head; 1-2: screw; 1-3 : bolt keyway; 1-4: thickened part; 2: nut; 2-1: nut ratchet surface; Tightening sleeve; 3-1: sleeve; 3-2: ratchet seat; 3-3: tightening sleeve keyway; 3-4: tightening sleeve ratchet surface; 4: elastic ring; 5: first connecting plate ; 6: Second connection board. . detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a view showing the structure of a bolt set according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a bolt 1 and a nut 2, and the bolt 1 and the nut 2 are connected by a common thread. In order to prevent the looseness between the bolt 1 and the nut 2, the bolt set of the present embodiment is provided with a loosening fastening sleeve 3, and the fastening sleeve 3 is disposed between the bolt head 1-1 and the nut 2, and is fastened. A pair of one-way ratchet teeth are respectively arranged on the opposite end faces of the sleeve 3 and the nut 2, the two sets of ratchet teeth are meshed, and the loosening direction of the ratchet teeth on the end face of the nut 2 is locked with the rotation direction of the nut 2 relative to the bolt 1. the same.

As shown in FIG. 1, the bolt 1 of the present embodiment includes a bolt head 1-1 and a screw 1-2, and a screw (not shown) is disposed on the screw 1-2 away from the bolt head 1-1. For threaded connection with the nut 2, a plurality of bolt keyways 1-3 are provided on the screw 1-2 near the bolt head 1-1. The bolt keyway 1-3 can be set by placing a layer on the screw 1-2 near the bolt head 1-1. In the thickening portion 1-4, a plurality of bolt key grooves 1-3 are uniformly opened in the axial direction on the thickened portion 1-4.

As shown in FIG. 3, the nut 2 of this embodiment is a flange nut, and a pair of one-way ratchet teeth are arranged on the end surface opposite to the flange nut and the fastening sleeve 3 to form a nut ratchet surface 2-1. Since the center of the nut 2 is a threaded hole, the nut ratchet surface 2-1 has an annular shape in cross section, and its inner diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the threaded hole.

Corresponding to the structure of the bolt 1 and the nut 2 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fastening sleeve 3 of the present embodiment, which includes a sleeve 3-1 and a ratchet seat 3-2. The ratchet seat 3-2 is disposed at the end of the sleeve 3-1, that is, the ratchet seat 3-2 extends radially outward at the end of the sleeve 3-1 to form an annular base, and the inner diameter of the ratchet seat 3-2 Equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve 3-1, the outer diameter of the ratchet seat 3-2 is equal to the outer diameter of the nut ratchet surface 2-1, and a set of one-way ratchet teeth is formed on the end surface of the ratchet seat 3-2 to form The ratchet face 3-4 is tightened so that the nut ratchet face 2-1 and the tightening sleeve ratchet face 3-4 are engaged.

At the other end of the sleeve 3-1, a plurality of fastening sleeve key grooves 3-3 are provided, and the number and width of the fastening sleeve key groove 3-3 and the bolt key groove 1-3 are respectively the same, and the inner diameter of the sleeve 3-1 is not It is smaller than the outer diameter of the screw 1-2 so that the sleeve 3-1 can be fitted over the screw 1-2. The tightening sleeve keyway 3-3 and the bolt keyway 1-3 are interlaced so that the clamping sleeve 3 and the bolt 1 do not rotate axially. When the fastening keyway 3-3 and the bolt keyway 1-3 are interlaced, there should be a gap along the axial direction. According to the different thickness of the fastening object, different fastening sleeves 3 and bolts 1 are used for assembly, which cannot be tightened. The fixed keyway 3-3 dies the bolt keyway 1-3 and the fastening of the fastening object cannot be achieved.

In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the sleeve 3-1 and the outer diameter of the thickening portion 1-4 should be set to be equal, which facilitates the fastening screw of the bolt set formed after the fastening sleeve 3 and the bolt 1 are engaged by the key groove. The diameters are consistent on each segment.

In this embodiment, the tightening sleeve ratchet surface 3-4 is engaged with the nut ratchet surface 2-1, and the loosening direction of the ratchet teeth on the nut ratchet surface 2-1 and the rotation of the nut 2 relative to the bolt 1 are locked. There are two main reasons for the same direction. In the first case, the nut ² is rotated clockwise with respect to the bolt 1 to achieve the locking of the nut 2 with respect to the bolt 1. At this time, the ratchet surface 3-4 of the tightening sleeve is loosened, and the ratchet surface 2-1 of the nut is loose. The direction is also clockwise, when the nut 2 and the clamping sleeve 3 are engaged, the clockwise tightening is achieved. After the solidification, the nut 2 is difficult to rotate counterclockwise, and the nut 2 itself generates a counterclockwise rotation resistance, thereby realizing the nut anti-loose function. The second case is the same as the principle of the first case, except that the locking direction of the nut 2 is different with respect to the bolt 1, and the loose direction of the nut ratchet surface 2-1 with respect to the ratchet surface 3-4 of the clamping sleeve Different, we will not repeat them here.

In this embodiment, in order to achieve tight engagement between the nut ratchet surface 2-1 and the tightening sleeve ratchet surface 3-4, the looseness between the nut ratchet surface 2-1 and the tightening sleeve ratchet surface 3-4 is prevented. The elastic ring 4 is also sleeved on the screw 1-2, and the elastic ring 4 is in contact with the other end surface of the ratchet seat 3-2 of the fastening sleeve 3, that is, the bolt set of the embodiment is used for tightening When the solid object is fastened, the elastic ring 4 is located between the object to be fastened and the fastening sleeve 3. The elastic ring 4 functions to generate an axial elastic force to the fastening sleeve 3, so that the fastening sleeve 3 and the nut 2 are closely fitted. Therefore, the elastic ring 4 may be a spring or a gasket made of an elastic material.

The fastening process of the two connecting plates is performed by using the bolt set of the embodiment of the present invention as follows: First, after the bolt 1 is passed through the first connecting plate 5 and the second connecting plate 6, the elastic ring 4 is put on the screw 1-2. Then, the fastening sleeve 3 is attached to the bolt 1, so that the fastening sleeve keyway 3-3 and the bolt keyway 1-3 are engaged with the keyway; then, the flange nut 2 is fastened, and as the tightening torque increases, The elastic ring 4 is deformed to generate an elastic force along the axial direction of the bolt, so that the fastening sleeve 3 and the ratchet surface of the flange nut 2 are closely fitted, and the flange nut 3 is rotated and tightened toward the locking direction, and the fastening sleeve 3 is fastened. The reverse ratchet prevents the nut from rotating in the opposite direction, so that the flange nut 2 cannot be released.

It can be seen from the above embodiment that the embodiment of the present invention adds a matching fastening sleeve to the common bolt set, and the fastening sleeve cooperates with the flange nut, and the fitting surfaces of the two are ratcheted. The mounting surface, so that the nut is positively tightened, the reverse rotation is difficult, thereby greatly enhancing the loosening performance of the nut and improving the safety of mechanical parts installation; and, the whole set of bolt sets has a simple structure, convenient installation and disassembly, and strong applicability .

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and substitutions without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. It should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

The bolt set includes a bolt and a nut, and the nut and the bolt are connected by a threaded lock. The screw is sleeved with a fastening sleeve, and the fastening sleeve is located between the bolt head and the nut. A pair of one-way ratchet teeth are respectively disposed on the opposite end faces of the fastening sleeve and the nut, and the two sets of ratchet teeth are engaged, and the loosening direction of the ratchet teeth on the end surface of the nut is the same as the rotation direction of the nut relative to the bolt locking. The fastening sleeve includes a sleeve and a ratchet seat; the ratchet seat is disposed at one end of the sleeve, and the one-way ratchet is disposed on one end surface thereof, and a layer is added on the screw near the bolt head a thick portion, a plurality of bolt key grooves are axially opened on the thickened portion, and the other end of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of fastening sleeve key grooves, and the sleeve and the bolt are engaged by the fastening sleeve key groove and the bolt key groove .

2. The bolt set according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of bolt keyways are evenly distributed over the thickened portion.

3. The bolt set according to claim 1, wherein the number of the keyway of the fastening sleeve and the number of bolt slots are equal.

The bolt set according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic ring sleeved on the screw to be in contact with the other end surface of the ratchet seat.

The bolt set according to claim 1, wherein the ratchet seat has a circular cross section and an inner diameter equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve.

6. The bolt set according to claim 4, wherein the elastic ring is a spring or a resilient washer.

7. The bolt set according to claim 1, wherein an outer diameter of the thickened portion is equal to an outer diameter of the sleeve.

The bolt set according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the nut is a flange nut, the flange nut has a radius of an end face of the one-way ratchet and the fastening sleeve has The radius of the end faces of the one-way ratchets is equal.