WO2012167501A1 - 一种空中降落器 - Google Patents

一种空中降落器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012167501A1
WO2012167501A1 PCT/CN2011/078095 CN2011078095W WO2012167501A1 WO 2012167501 A1 WO2012167501 A1 WO 2012167501A1 CN 2011078095 W CN2011078095 W CN 2011078095W WO 2012167501 A1 WO2012167501 A1 WO 2012167501A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotating
rotating member
assembly
rope
crankshaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/078095
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何少敦
Original Assignee
He Shaodun
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by He Shaodun filed Critical He Shaodun
Publication of WO2012167501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012167501A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62BDEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/12Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys hydraulically operated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a landing gear, and more particularly to a hydraulic speed limiting airborne gear lowering device.
  • the known airborne landing gears include friction speed limit, manual brake speed limit and The hydraulic damping speed limit type, the first two disadvantages are poor reliability, the last structure is relatively simple, and the performance is relatively reliable.
  • CN87216143 discloses an air landing device that uses a piston and a cam to speed limit, but the cam only bears pressure and does not bear Pulling force, there is uneven speed limit during the landing;
  • ZL2003101127389 and ZL2003201232361 respectively disclose a principle of connecting the crankshaft with the hydraulic speed governing controller, but the landing height is limited due to the use of the chain ladder;
  • ZL2007202016917 discloses a hydraulic pressure
  • the speed-limiting airborne gearer is of a rope-type structure. It must first be properly worn with the life-saving rope when it is used, causing certain troubles for the user.
  • the present invention proposes an airborne gearer.
  • the principle is: a synchronous rotating rotating component is arranged on both sides of the rope winding plate and two sets of hydraulic speed limiting devices are used. When one set of hydraulic speed limiting device is in the no-load position, the other set of hydraulic speed limiting device is not in the no-load position.
  • the technical solution of the airborne gear according to the present invention is an airborne gearer, which mainly comprises a body 1, a rope winding assembly 2, a synchronous rotating component 4A, 4B; the body 1 mainly comprises a support 1A, IB; a rope winding assembly 2, mainly comprising a winding disk 2. 1A, 2. 1B, a center piece 2. 2, a rope 2. 31, a rope end fixing member 2. 41 and a central shaft 2. 5, a rope 2.
  • the rotary assembly 4A mainly includes The rotating member 4A11, 4A12 and the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4, the rotating member 4A11 is mounted and fixed on one side of the rope winding plate, and the rotating member 4A12 is disposed on the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4;
  • the rotating assembly 4B mainly includes the rotating members 4B11, 4B12 and the rotating member The support shaft 4B4, the rotating member 4B11 is mounted and fixed on the other side of the rope winding plate, and the rotating member 4B12 is disposed on the rotating member support shaft 4B4, and is characterized in that: a first hydraulic speed limiting assembly 3A and a second hydraulic speed limiting speed are provided.
  • the pistons of the pistons 3. 6B and the pistons supporting the rotation of the pistons 3. 4BA, 3. 4BB, the piston shafts 3. 4BA, 3. 4BB are respectively arranged on the supports 1A, IB, the crankshaft 3. 1B and the piston
  • the first hydraulic speed limiter 3A is provided by the crankshaft 3. 2B, the rod end connection member 3. 3B, the speed limit piston 3. 2B action;
  • the second hydraulic speed limit assembly 3B is not in the no-load position when in the no-load position.
  • crankshaft assembly 3. 2A respectively, the rotation of the rotating components 4A, 4B, respectively, when the rotating components 4A, 4B are rotated, respectively, to rotate the rotating parts 4A12, 4B12, respectively, to drive the crankshaft 3. 1A, respectively 3.
  • IB rotation, 3. 1A, 3. IB rotates to drive the hydraulic speed limit components 3A, 3B respectively, the resistance generated by the hydraulic speed limit components 3A, 3B limits the rotation of the winding assembly 2, adjusts the piston speed control 3 6A, 3. 6B can adjust the rotational speed of the reel assembly 2.
  • the crankshaft fixing members 4A6, 4B6, the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 and the rotating member are respectively mounted on the rotating members 4A12. 4B12.
  • the unidirectional rotating member 4A3 is disposed between the 4A12 to constitute the first one-way rotating combined member and is mounted on the support 1A through the rotating member support shaft 4A4, and the unidirectional rotating member 4B3 is disposed between the crank fixed portion 4B6 and the rotating member 4B12 to constitute the second portion.
  • the unidirectional rotation of the composite member is mounted on the support 1B via the rotating member support shaft 4B4, the crankshaft 3.1 is mounted on the crankshaft fixing member 4A6, and the crankshaft 3.1 is mounted on the crankshaft fixing member 4B6; under the action of gravity, the rope 2 31 drives the winding assembly 2 to rotate, and simultaneously drives the rotating components 4A, 4B to rotate synchronously, and the rotating components 4A, 4B respectively rotate the rotating members 4A12, 4B12, and the rotating members 4A12, 4B12 respectively rotate through the one-way rotating members. 4A3, 4B3 are transmitted to the crankshaft fixing members 4A6, 4B6, thereby driving the crankshaft 3. 1A, 3. IB rotation, 3. 1A, 3.
  • the speed-limiting components 3A, 3B are operated, the resistance generated by the hydraulic speed-limiting components 3A, 3B limits the rotation of the winding assembly 2, and the piston speed regulating member 3. 6A, 3. 6B can adjust the rotational speed of the winding assembly 2;
  • the winding assembly 2 is rotated in the opposite direction by an external force, and the rotating assembly 4A, 4B is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, but since the rotating members 4A12, 4B12 and the crank fixing members 4A6, 4B6 are respectively provided with a single To the rotating members 4A3, 4B3, so that the crankshaft fixing members 4A6, 4B6 do not rotate, the crankshafts 3.1A, 3. IB do not rotate, the hydraulic speed limiting components 3A, 3B do not operate, and no resistance is generated to the windings of the ropes 2. 31, thus solving Resistance problems caused by hydraulic speed limit components when the rope is wound.
  • the body 1 is constructed by abutment of the support members 1A and 1B in a plate-like structure through a plurality of support links 1.1.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as the rotating member 4A11 of the rotating assembly 4A, the winding member 2. 1B of the winding assembly is the same as the rotating member 4B11 of the rotating assembly 4B. member.
  • the third preferred embodiment of the present invention the rotating assembly 4A and the rotating assembly 4B disposed on both sides of the rope winding are preferably chain-driven; the present invention suggests that gear transmission or other known transmission methods may also be selected.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present invention the end of the piston shaft 3. 4AA is fitted with the piston 3. 2A and the other end is fixed to the support 1A;
  • the end of the piston shaft 3. 4AB is fitted with the piston 3. 2A and the other end is fixed to the support 1B.
  • one end of the piston shaft 3. 4BA is fitted with the piston 3. 2B and the other end is fixed at the same.
  • On the support 1A; one end of the piston support 3. 4BB is fitted with the piston 3. 2B and the other end is mounted and fixed on the support 1B.
  • the stalks of the piston support shaft 3. 4BA and the piston support shaft 3. 4BA and the piston support shaft 3. 4BA and Piston 3. 2B installation joint, piston support shaft 3. 4BB and piston 3. 2B installation fit can be set to rotate bearings.
  • the invention also indicates that the mounting and fixing between the piston support shaft 3. 4AA and the support 1A, and the piston support shaft 3. 4AB and the support 1B can be carried out by using a known fixing form including rivets, rivets and bolts; For the same reason, the mounting and fixing between the piston support shaft 3. 4BA and the support 1A and the piston support shaft 3. 4BB and the support 1B can be carried out by a known fixing form including rivets, rivets and bolts.
  • a rotating bearing in the case of a structure with a mounting fit, can be provided at the joint; in the case of a fixed structure, the fixing manner can include a known fixing form such as a rivet or a bolt.
  • the mounting structure of the rotating member 4A12 is as follows: The rotating member 4A12 is fitted and fitted with the rotating member support shaft 4A4, and the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4 is mounted and fixed on the support 1A; for the same reason, the rotating member 4B12 is mounted as follows: The rotating member 4B12 is fitted and fitted to the rotating member support shaft 4A4, and the rotating member support shaft 4B4 is mounted and fixed to the support 1B.
  • Piston Rod End Connections 3. 3A, 3. 3B are preferably rod end connectors with joint bearings.
  • crankshaft 3. 1A and crankshaft 3. 1B is the same shaft.
  • crankshaft 3. 1A and crankshaft 3. 1B is not the same shaft.
  • the end of the piston shaft 3. 3AA and 3. 5AB, the end of the piston shaft 3. 4AA and the piston shaft 3. 4AA and the end of the piston shaft 3. 4AA The 2A is mounted and fixed at the other end and the other end is fixed to the support.
  • the piston is supported by the piston shaft. BBBB. 3BB , the end of the piston shaft 3. 4B is fixed with the piston 3. 2B is fixed and the other end is fixed with the piston shaft shaft seat fixed on the support 1A 3. 5BA installation fit; the piston support shaft 3. 4BB one end and the piston 3. 2BBInstallation and fixing; and the other end is fixed to the piston support shaft seat fixed on the support 1B 3. 5BB installation fit;
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention is: a central shaft axle seat 2. 6A and 2. 6B, a central shaft 2. 5 one end and a central shaft fixed to the support 1A, respectively, on the support 1A and 1B.
  • the 6A is fitted and fitted with the other end and the central shaft axle seat 2. 6B fixed to the support 1B.
  • Rotating member pivot shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5 are respectively attached to the holders 1A and 1B, and the rotating member pivot shafts 4A4 and 4B4 are respectively coupled to the rotating member pivot shaft seat 4A5 and 4B5 installation and cooperation.
  • a thirteenth preferred embodiment of the present invention a guide wire assembly 5 is further disposed on the body 1, and the guide wire assembly 5 is mounted on the body 1 through the connecting seat at least by the two rolling members, and the winding according to the rope The direction and the direction of the force are set on the upper and lower scroll assemblies, the upper scroll assembly and the lower scroll assembly are in a cross state in the space, and the ropes 2.31 always move from the upper scroll assembly and the lower scroll assembly. 5B, The rolling assembly 5.
  • the roller assembly 5 is mainly composed of a rolling assembly 5. 1A1 and 5. 1B1, the shaft 5. 1A12 and 5. 1B12 and the connecting base 5. 2A and 5. 2B, rolling assembly 5.
  • the 1B1 mainly includes the rolling elements with the bearing 5. 1B11 and the shaft 5. 1B12, the rolling assembly 5. 1A1 and the shaft 5.
  • 1A12 is set in The upper surface, the rolling elements 5. 1B1 and the 5. 1B11 surface of the rolling elements 5. 1A11 and 5. 1B11 surface
  • the rolling assembly 5. 1A1 and 5. 1B1 are rotated, and the rope 2. 31 is formed between the components. Rolling friction reduces the wear of the rope. Limiting the rope 2. 31 to the hollow position of the well shape keeps the lowering of the rope.
  • a unidirectional rotating device is further provided, and cranking members 4A6 and 4B6 are respectively disposed on the rotating members 4A12 and 4B12, and a unidirectional rotating member 4A3 is disposed between the crank fixing member 4A6 and the rotating member 4A12.
  • the first one-way rotating combined member is mounted on the support 1A through the rotating member support shaft 4A4, and the one-way rotating member 4B3 is disposed between the crank fixed portion 4B6 and the rotating member 4B12 to constitute the second one-way rotating combined member and is supported by the rotating member.
  • the shaft 4B4 is mounted on the support 1B, and the crankshafts 3. 1A, 3. IB are respectively disposed on the crankshaft fixing members 4A6, 4B6.
  • the first one-way rotating combined member formed by the rotating member 4A12, the one-way rotating member 4A3 and the crank fixing member 4A6 is an integrated one-way rotating combined member in a bicycle flywheel structure
  • the rotation The second one-way rotating combined member formed by the member 4B12, the one-way rotating member 4B3 and the crank fixing member 4B6 is an integral one-way rotating combined member in a bicycle flywheel structure
  • the rotating member 4A12 is a flywheel outer ring
  • the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 is The inner ring of the flywheel
  • the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 is fitted and fitted with the rotating member support shaft 4A4, and the rotating member support shaft 4A4 is fixedly mounted on the support 1A
  • the rotating member 4B12 is a flywheel outer ring
  • the crankshaft fixing member 4B6 is a flywheel inner ring
  • the crankshaft The fixing member 4B6 is fitted and fitted with the rotating member support shaft 4B4, and the rotating member support shaft 4
  • the first one-way rotating combined member formed by the rotating member 4A12, the one-way rotating member 4A3 and the crank fixing member 4A6 is an integrated one-way rotating combined member in a bicycle flywheel structure
  • the second one-way rotating combined member formed by the member 4B12, the one-way rotating member 4B3 and the crank fixing member 4B6 is an integrated one-way rotating combined member in a bicycle flywheel structure; and the rotating members are respectively fixed on the supports 1A and 1B.
  • the shaft bases 4A5 and 4B5, the rotor support shafts 4A4 and 4B4 are respectively fitted to the rotor support shaft bases 4A5 and 4B5, and the rotor support shaft bases 4A5 and 4B5 are respectively mounted and fixed to the holders U and 1B.
  • the first one-way rotating combined member formed by the rotating member 4A12, the one-way rotating member 4A3 and the crank fixing member 4A6 is a split type one-way rotating combined member
  • the rotating member 4B12 is one-way.
  • the second one-way rotating combined member formed by the rotating member 4B3 and the crank fixing member 4B6 is a split type one-way rotating combined member, and the rotating member pivot shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5 are respectively mounted on the supports 1A and 1B;
  • the rotating member fulcrums 4A4 and 4B4 are respectively fitted with the rotating member pivot shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5;
  • the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4 and the rotating member 4A12 are fixedly mounted, and the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4 and the crank fixing member 4A6 are arranged unidirectionally.
  • Rotating member 4A3; pivot member shaft 4B4 is fixedly mounted with the rotating jaw 4B12, and a one-way rotating structure 4B3 is disposed between the rotating member support shaft 4B4 and the crankshaft fixing member 4B6.
  • the one-way rotating members 4A3 and 4B3 are preferably one-way bearings (overrunning clutches), and other members known to have a function of exceeding the clutching function may be selected.
  • the rotating member support shaft 4A4 and the rotating member 4A12 may be integrated, and the rotating member support shaft 4B4 and the rotating member 4B12 may be integrated. Style.
  • the rotating member support shaft 4A4 is fixedly mounted to the crank fixing member 4A6 and the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4 and the rotating member 4A12 are disposed.
  • the one-way rotating member 4A3; the rotating member supporting shaft 4B4 and the crank fixing member 4B6 are fixedly fixed, and the one-way rotating member 4B3 is disposed between the rotating member supporting shaft 4B4 and the rotating member 4B12.
  • the twenty-eighth preferred embodiment of the present invention is different from the nineteenth aspect.
  • the rotating member support shaft 4A4 and the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 may be integrated, and the rotating member support shaft 4B4 and the crankshaft fixing member 4B6 may be It is one-piece.
  • 3A Its function is to provide a wear-resisting member 2. 3A at a position close to the end of the rope end fixing member 2. 41; The 3A protects the rope. The wearer may be protected from the wear of the ropes.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the fifteenth embodiment: the connecting body for the connection of the human body and the lowering device is further provided on the body 1.
  • the preferred structure of the connecting member mainly comprises a rope 2.32 And the cord end fixing member 2. 42.
  • the second end of the cord is fixed to the body 1 and the other end is fixed to the cord end fixing member 2.42.
  • the rope end fixing member 2. 41 is fixed at a high position, and the rope end fixing member 2. 42 is fixed with the lowering member (human body), and the gravity lowering device falls with the falling member under the action of gravity.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, the revolving member of the reel assembly 2A11 and the rotating member 4A11 of the rotating assembly 4A are different members, the reeling of the reel assembly 2. 1B and rotation
  • the rotating member 4B11 of the assembly 4B is a different member.
  • the body 1 is a shell body formed by laminating the supports 1A and 1B, and the supports 1A and 1B are manufactured by stamping, and the supports 1A and 1B are laminated. Mounting and fixing; The present invention suggests that the supports 1A and 1B can also be manufactured by casting.
  • a backpack-type harness and a safety belt are further disposed on the body, and the backpack-type strap can be carried by the user on the back of the backpack, the seat belt including the chest from the human body and / or the cord and fasteners that secure the body at the abdomen, and/or thighs.
  • Twenty-sixth preferred embodiment of the present invention It is also possible to provide a protective cover outside the body, because when the person is in use, since the lowering device is carried on the back, the protective cover can prevent the hair from entering the inside of the body and cause an accident, and also It can prevent the finger from being accidentally injured by the rotating component when people need to adjust the piston speed regulating member by hand; the protective cover can be in the form of a backpack, and a zipper can be arranged on the protective cover for opening and closing the protective cover.
  • the present invention proposes that the rotating member 4A or the rotating member 4B of the rotating member 4B may be provided with 7; may also be provided on the rotating member support shaft of the rotating assembly 4A or the rotating member 4B for inserting with the manual crank handle 2. 7; also in the central axis 2 of the winding assembly 2 .5 end 5 ⁇
  • the handle is provided with a rocker connector 2.7.
  • the stalks of the pistons 3. 4AA, 3. 4AB are directly or indirectly mounted on the supports 1A, IB; similarly, the piston fulcrum 3. 4BA, 3. 4BB is mounted directly or indirectly on the supports 1A, IB.
  • Piston fulcrum 3. 4AA, 3. 4AB is mounted directly or indirectly on the piston 3. 2A, for the same reason, the piston fulcrum 3. 4BA and 3. 4BB are mounted directly or indirectly on the piston 3. 2B.
  • the present invention cannot enumerate all the examples, and the structural requirements of the piston mounting of the present invention can be satisfied as long as the piston fulcrum can support the piston and the piston can be pivoted.
  • the invention also suggests that: in the above scheme 12, the scheme fifteen, the scheme 16 , the scheme 17 , the scheme 18 , the scheme 19 , and the scheme 20 , the rotating member pivots 4A4 and 4B4 are directly or indirectly respectively Mounted on the supports 1A and 1B and respectively support the two one-way rotating combined members, the present invention cannot list all the examples, as long as the rotating member supports can support the one-way rotating combined member and can The rotation of the shaft can meet the structural requirements of the present invention for the installation of the one-way rotating composite member.
  • the user can fix the gear unit 1 at a high position, the lowering member (the human body) and the rope end fixing member 2. 41 are fixed together, under the action of gravity, the rope 2. 31 drives the winding assembly 2 Rotate, the rope 2. 31 moves downward, and the falling piece (human body) falls down.
  • the user can The rope end fixing member 2.4.1 is fixed at a high place, and the lowering device and the lowering member (human body) are fixed together. Under the action of gravity, the rope 2. 31 drives the winding plate assembly 2 to rotate, the lowering device and the falling piece (human body) ) Falling together.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the airborne lowering device proposed by the invention has simple structure, the crankshaft is installed between two synchronous rotating parts, and two sets of hydraulic speed limiting devices are adopted, the crankshaft has reasonable force and reliable performance, and the safety is ensured.
  • the one-way rotating member is provided, the problem of the rope rewinding is solved, which is convenient for use.
  • Figures 1 through 4 are schematic diagrams of the force applied to the piston.
  • FIG. 5 to FIG. 10 are schematic views showing the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is an external view of the body
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of the internal structure
  • FIG. 7 is a CC cross-sectional view of the embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is an AA of the embodiment
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of the embodiment
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of the embodiment.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are schematic diagrams showing the structure of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17, and FIG. 18 are schematic structural views of a sixth embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 16 is a front view of the internal structure (FIG. 6 rotation) 180 degrees), Fig. 17, Fig. 18 are partial views.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the structure of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the structure of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the structure of a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the structure of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic view showing the structure of a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is a schematic view showing the structure of a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic view showing the structure of an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • X is the axis of the piston rod center axis
  • Y is the axis formed by the line connecting the piston fulcrum and the pivot of the rotor member in the front view.
  • FIG. 1 to Figure 4 are schematic diagrams of the principle of the force of the piston; 5 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the internal structure, FIG. 6 is a front view of the internal structure, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of the embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the embodiment.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of the embodiment, and Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of the embodiment.
  • the airborne gear mainly includes a body 1, a rope winding assembly 2, and a synchronous rotating assembly 4A, 4B;
  • the main shaft includes a support 1A, IB;
  • the rope reel assembly 2 mainly comprises a winding disk 2. 1A, 2. IB, a center piece 2. 2, a rope 2. 31, a rope end fixing member 2. 41 and a central shaft 2. 5,
  • the ropes 2. 31 are wound around the rope winding plate and the rope end fixing member is provided at the end 2. 41, the winding plate is mounted on the support 1A, IB through the central shaft 2.
  • the rotating assembly 4A mainly comprises rotating members 4A11, 4A12 and a rotating member supporting shaft 4A4, the rotating member 4A11 is mounted and fixed on one side of the rope winding, and the rotating member 4A12 is mounted on the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4;
  • the assembly 4B mainly includes a rotating member 4B11, 4B12 and a rotating member supporting shaft 4B4.
  • the rotating member 4B11 is mounted and fixed on the other side of the rope winding plate, and the rotating member 4B12 is mounted on the rotating member supporting shaft 4B4.
  • the feature is: a hydraulic speed limit assembly 3A, a piston-speed connecting member 3. 3A, a piston governing member 3.
  • the main shaft includes a crankshaft 3. 1B, a speed limiting piston 3. 2B, a rod end connecting member 3. 3B, a piston governing member 3. 6B, and a piston supporting shaft that supports the piston to rotate 3. 4BA, 3. 4BB, piston support shaft 3. 4B, 3.
  • crankshaft 3.1 is placed on the rotating member 4A12, when the rotating member 4A12 rotates 2B ⁇
  • the crankshaft 3. 1B and the rod end connection member 3. 3A, the crankshaft 3. 1B is disposed on the rotating member 4B12, the rotating member 4B12 rotates through the crankshaft 3. 1B and the rod end connecting member 3. 2B action;
  • crankshaft assembly 3. 2A respectively, the rotation of the rotating components 4A, 4B, respectively, when the rotating components 4A, 4B are rotated, respectively, to rotate the rotating parts 4A12, 4B12, respectively, to drive the crankshaft 3. 1A, respectively 3.
  • IB rotation, 3. 1A, 3. IB rotation drives the hydraulic speed limit components 3A, 3B respectively, the resistance generated by the hydraulic speed limit assemblies 3A and 3B limits the rotation of the winding assembly 2, and adjusts the piston speed control member 3 6A, 3. 6B can adjust the rotational speed of the reel assembly 2.
  • the first hydraulic speed limit assembly 3A is not in the idle position (at a near full load position) when the second hydraulic speed limit assembly 3B is in the no-load position;
  • no, 4A11 is a member, the winding plate of the disk assembly 2.
  • 1B and the rotating member 4B11 of the rotating assembly 4B are the same member;
  • the rotating assembly 4A and the rotating assembly 4B disposed on both sides of the rope winding are chain drives; wherein 4A2 and 4B2 are respectively chains.
  • one end of the piston shaft 3. 4A is connected to the piston 3. 2A.
  • the end of the piston shaft 3. 4A and the piston 3. 2A The other end is mounted and fixed on the support 1B; the same is shown in Fig. 9.
  • the end of the piston shaft 3. 4BA is fitted with the piston 3. 2B and the other end is fixed on the support 1A;
  • the end of the shaft 3. 4BB is fitted with the piston 3. 2B and the other end is fixed to the support 1B;
  • the rotating member 4A12 is fitted and fitted with the rotating member support shaft 4A4, the rotating member support shaft 4A4 is mounted and fixed on the support 1A, and the rotating member 4B12 is fitted and rotated with the rotating member support shaft 4A4.
  • the support shaft 4B4 is mounted and fixed to the support 1B.
  • Piston rod end connector 3. 3A 3. 3B is preferably a rod end connector with a joint bearing.
  • crankshaft 3. 1A and the crankshaft 3. 1B are the same shaft.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first embodiment is different from the first embodiment.
  • the crankshaft 3.1 and the crankshaft 3.1 are not the same shaft.
  • the rotating member 4A12 The crankshaft fixing members 4A6 and 4B6 are respectively mounted and fixed on the 4B12; the present invention suggests that in this embodiment, the rotating member 4A12 and the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 may be integrated, and the rotating member 4B12 and the crankshaft fixing member 4B6 may be integrated. of.
  • FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are schematic structural views of a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 shows that, unlike the first embodiment, the piston 3. 2A is mounted as follows: separately mounted on the supports U and 1B. 5AA ⁇ Piston shaft support 3. 5AA and 3. 5AB, the piston shaft 3. 4AA one end and the piston 3. 2A fixed and the other end and the piston support shaft seat fixed on the support 1A 3. 5AA installation The installation of the piston is 3. 2B. The installation of the piston is 3. 2A. The installation is the same as the piston. 5 ⁇ 3. 5BB, Piston fulcrum 3. 4BA one end is fixed to the piston 3. 2B is fixed and the other end is fixed to the support 1A. The 5BB mounting fit; the piston support shaft; the piston support shaft; 3. 4BB one end and the piston 3. 2B fixed and the other end and the piston support shaft seat fixed on the support 1B 3. 5BB installation fit;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, shown in Figure 14 is different from the first embodiment, the support shafts 1A and 1B are also respectively mounted with a central shaft axle seat 2. 6A and 2 6B, the central shaft 2. 5 is mounted with the central shaft bearing seat 2. 6A and the other end is fixed to the central shaft bearing seat 2. 6B fixed to the support 1B.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. It is shown in Figure 15 that, unlike the first embodiment, the pivoting shaft supports 4A5 and 4B5 are respectively mounted on the holders 1A and 1B.
  • the rotating member fulcrums 4A4 and 4B4 are respectively fixedly coupled to the rotating members 4A4 and 4B12, and the rotating member fulcrums 4A4 and 4B4 are respectively fitted and fitted with the rotating member pivot shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5.
  • Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18 is a schematic structural view of a sixth embodiment of the present invention, wherein Figure 16 is a front view of the internal structure, Figure 17, and Figure 18 is a partial view.
  • the rolling element 5. 1A1, the rolling element 5. 1A1, the rolling element 5. 1B1 mainly includes the bearing with the bearing 5. 2A and 5. 2B12 and the connecting seat 5. 2A and 5. 2B, the rolling component 5. 1A1 mainly includes the rolling bearing with the bearing 5. 1A11 and the shaft 5. 1A12, the rolling component 5.
  • 1B1 mainly includes the bearing 1B11 and shaft 5. 1B12; visible in Figures 17 and 18, the rolling assembly 5. 1A1 and the shaft 5. 1A12 are set on the upper side, the rolling assembly 5. 1B1 and the shaft 5. 1B12 in a well-shaped setting On the lower side, the ropes 2. 31, and the ropes 2, 31, 1B1, 5.1B1, 5.
  • the wire guide assembly 5 can be mounted on the body 1 by the at least two rolling components by the upper side and the lower side through the connecting seat, The rolling components located on the upper and lower sides are set according to the winding direction and the direction of the force of the rope, and the upper rolling group And the lower rolling assembly is in a crossed state in the space, and the rope 2.31 is always pressed from the surface of the upper rolling assembly and the lower rolling assembly when moving.
  • the invention also suggests that the characteristics of the guiding rope assembly in this example can also Used in the first to fifth embodiments.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • a one-way rotating device is further provided, and crank member fixing members 4A6 are respectively provided on the rotating members 4A12 and 4B12.
  • a unidirectional rotating member 4A3 is disposed between the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 and the rotating member 4A12 to constitute a first one-way rotating combined member and is mounted on the support 1A via the rotating member support shaft 4A4, and the crankshaft fixing member 4B6 and the rotating member 4B12
  • the unidirectional rotating member 4B3 is disposed to constitute a second one-way rotating combined member and is mounted on the holder 1B via the rotating member support shaft 4B4, and the crankshafts 3.1.A, 3.IB are mounted on the crankshaft fixing members 4A6, 4B6, respectively.
  • the first one-way rotating combined member constituted by the rotating member 4A12, the one-way rotating member 4A3 and the crank fixing member 4A6 is an integrated one-way rotating combined member in a bicycle flywheel structure
  • the rotating member The second one-way rotating combined member formed by the 4B12, the one-way rotating member 4B3 and the crankshaft fixing member 4B6 is an integral one-way rotating combined member in the bicycle flywheel structure
  • the rotating member 4A12 is a flywheel outer ring
  • the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 is a flywheel
  • the inner ring, the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 is fitted and matched with the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4, and the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4 is fixedly mounted on the support 1A
  • the rotating member 4B12 is a flywheel outer ring
  • the crankshaft fixing member 4B6 is a flywheel inner ring
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the structure of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rotating combined member is an integrated one-way rotating combined member in a bicycle flywheel structure
  • the second one-way rotating combined member constituted by the rotating member 4B12, the one-way rotating member 4B3 and the crank fixing member 4B6 is an integrated one-way rotating combined member
  • the bicycle flywheel structure is mounted on the supports 1A and 1B respectively, and the rotating member pivot shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5 are respectively fixed, and the rotating member support shafts 4A4 and 4B4 are respectively fitted and matched with the rotating member pivot shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5.
  • the rotor support shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5 are respectively mounted and fixed to the holders 1A and 1B.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the structure of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first member of the rotating member 4A12, the one-way rotating member 4A3 and the crank member fixing member 4A6 is formed.
  • the rotating combined member is a split type one-way rotating combined member
  • the second one-way rotating combined member formed by the rotating member 4B12 one-way rotating member 4B3 and the crank fixing member 4B6 is a split type one-way rotating combined member.
  • Rotating member pivot shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5 are respectively mounted on the supports 1A and 1B; the rotating member pivot shafts 4A4 and 4B4 are respectively fitted and fitted with the rotating member pivot shaft seats 4A5 and 4B5;
  • the shaft 4A4 is fixedly mounted with the rotating member 4A12, and a unidirectional rotating member 4A3 is disposed between the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4 and the crank fixing member 4A6; the rotating member supporting shaft 4B4 and the rotating member 4B12 are fixedly fixed and the rotating member supporting shaft 4B4 is fixed to the crankshaft.
  • a one-way rotating member 4B3 is disposed between the pieces 4B6;
  • the one-way rotating members 4A3 and 4B3 are preferably one-way bearings (overrunning clutches), and other members known to have a function of exceeding the clutching function may be selected.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the structure of a tenth embodiment of the present invention. It is shown in Figure 22 that, unlike the ninth embodiment, in the present embodiment, the rotating member support shaft 4A4 and the rotating member 4A12 may be integrated. The rotating member support shaft 4B4 and the rotating member 4B12 may be integral.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the structure of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. It is shown in Figure 23 that, unlike the ninth embodiment, in the present embodiment, the rotating member support shaft 4A4 and the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 are fixed and fixed. A unidirectional rotating member 4A3 is disposed between the rotating member supporting shaft 4A4 and the rotating member 4A12; the rotating member supporting shaft 4B4 is fixedly fixed to the crank fixing member 4B6, and a unidirectional rotating member is disposed between the rotating member supporting shaft 4B4 and the rotating member 4B12. 4B3.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic view showing the structure of a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rotating member support shaft 4A4 and the crankshaft fixing member 4A6 may be integrated.
  • the rotating member support shaft 4B4 and the crankshaft fixing member 4B6 may be integrated.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic structural view of a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, and is shown in Figure 25, which is different from the seventh embodiment.
  • the rope is located at 2.31.
  • the contact between the ropes near the rope end fixing member 2. 41 and the building may be contacted when the use of the lowering device is considered.
  • 3A may protect the rope.
  • the length of the wear-resistant member 2. 3A may preferably be 1.
  • the length of the wear-resistant member 2. 3A may preferably be 1.
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the body 1 in contrast to the seventh embodiment, in the embodiment, the body 1 is further provided with a body for connecting the human body to the lowering device. ⁇ .
  • the rope end fixing member 2. 41 is fixed at a high position, and the rope end fixing member 2. 42 is fixed to the falling member (human body), and the gravity lowering device and the falling member are lowered together by gravity.
  • Figure 27 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, which is shown in Figure 27, which is different from the first embodiment in the present embodiment, the winding disk assembly 2. 1A and the rotating assembly 4A
  • the rotating member 4A11 is a different member
  • the winding member 2.B of the winding assembly is a different member from the rotating member 4B11 of the rotating assembly 4B.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention, and shown in Figure 28, in the present embodiment, the body 1 is supported by a holder 1A.
  • the shell body formed by laminating with 1B, the supports 1A and 1B are manufactured by stamping, and the supports 1A and 1B are overlapped and mounted and fixed; the present invention suggests that the supports 1A and 1B can also be casted. Made by the way.
  • Figure 29 is a schematic structural view of a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the ninth embodiment.
  • the shank connector 2.7 for insertion with the manual crank handle is provided on the rotating member fulcrum 4B4.
  • the rocking handle is inserted into the connecting hole, and the rocking handle is shaken, and the rocking handle can drive the rotating shaft to rotate.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic view of the structure of the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the fourth embodiment.
  • 5 ⁇ The crank handle connector 2.7 is provided on the end of the center of the winding shaft assembly 2.
  • a backpack-type harness and a safety belt are further disposed on the body, and the backpack-type strap allows the user to carry the lowering device on the back, the seat belt including the Cords and fasteners that secure the human body to the chest and/or abdomen, and/or at the thighs.
  • a protective cover is arranged outside the body, because when the person is in use, since the lowering device is carried on the back, the protective cover can prevent the hair from entering the inside of the body and cause an accident, and also It can prevent the finger from being accidentally injured by the rotating component when people need to adjust the piston speed regulating member by hand;
  • the protective cover can be in the form of a backpack, and a zipper can be arranged on the protective cover for opening and closing the protective cover.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种空中降落器,其主要包括绳索绕盘组件(2)、同步转动组件(4A,4B)、第一液压限速组件(3A)、和第二液压限速组件(3B)。绳索绕盘组件主要包括绕盘(2.1A,2.1B)、绳索(2.31)、以及绳端固定件(2.41)。同步转动组件设置在绳索绕盘组件的两侧。第一和第二液压限速组件各自主要包括曲轴(3.1A,3.1B)和限速活塞(3.2A,3.2B)。当第一液压限速组件处于空载位置时,第二液压限速组件不处于空载位置,由此解决了现有空中降落器存在的受力不均的问题。在重力作用下绳索驱动绳索绕盘组件朝一个方向转动,带动所述的各曲轴回转,从而带动所述液压限速组件动作。但当绳索绕盘组件朝相反方向转动时,曲轴不回转,所述液压限速组件不动作,这种单向转动的方式解决了现有空中降落器存在的绳索回绕的问题。

Description

一种空中降落器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种降落装置, 尤其涉及一种液压限速空中降落器。
背景技术
在日常生活或工作中, 人们经常会在高处遇到危险, 如果没有其它方法可以逃生时, 需要借助空中降 落装置逃生, 公知的空中降落装置包括摩擦限速式、 手动制动限速式和液压阻尼限速式, 前两者缺点是可 靠性差, 最后者结构比较简单, 性能也比较可靠, CN87216143公开一种用活塞和凸轮起限速作用的空中降 落装置, 但凸轮只承受压力, 不承受拉力, 在降落过程中存在限速不均匀; ZL2003101127389 和 ZL2003201232361分别公开了一种采用曲轴与液压调速式控制器相连接的原理, 但由于采用链梯, 降落高 度受限制; ZL2007202016917公开一种液压限速式空中降落器, 其结构是过绳式的, 使用时必须首先正确 地穿好救生绳索, 给使用者造成一定的麻烦; 在现今采用曲轴与限速活塞的空中降落器中, 由于限速活塞 是被动件, 曲轴两端受力不均, 而且曲轴不断处于空载和满载交替进行的状态当中, 曲轴受力结构不合理 的问题, 同时, 也没有公开绳索回绕的技术, 不但给使用者造成一定的潜在危险, 也带来使用的不便。 发明内容
为了克服现今采用曲轴与限速活塞的空中降落器存在曲轴受力结构不合理和没有公开绳索回绕技术, 给使用者造成潜在危险和使用不便的缺点, 本发明提出了一种空中降落器, 其原理是: 在绳索绕盘的两侧 设置同步转动的转动组件并采用两套液压限速装置, 当一个套液压限速装置处于空载位置时, 另一个套液 压限速装置不处于空载位置, 因而解决了受力不均的问题; 并且通过设置单向转动装置, 当绳索在重力的 作用下驱动绳索绕盘朝一个方向转动时带动曲轴回转, 曲轴回转时带动液压限速组件动作, 但当绳索绕盘 朝相反方向转动时曲轴不回转, 液压限速组件不动作, 因而解决绳索回绕。
本发明提出的空中降落器的技术方案是, 一种空中降落器, 主要包括机体 1、 绳索绕盘组件 2、 同步 转动组件 4A、 4B ; 机体 1主要包括支座 1A、 IB; 绳索绕盘组件 2主要包括绕盘 2. 1A、 2. 1B、 中心件 2. 2、 绳索 2. 31、 绳端固定件 2. 41和中心轴 2. 5, 绳索 2. 31缠绕在绳索绕盘上并在末端设置绳端固定件 2. 41, 绕盘通过中心轴 2. 5安装在支座 1A、 IB上; 同步转动组件 4A、 4B分别设置在绳索绕盘组件 2的两侧, 转 动组件 4A主要包括转动件 4A11、 4A12以及转动件支轴 4A4, 转动件 4A11安装固定在绳索绕盘一侧上, 转 动件 4A12设置在转动件支轴 4A4上;转动组件 4B主要包括转动件 4B11、 4B12以及转动件支轴 4B4, 转动 件 4B11安装固定在绳索绕盘的另一侧上, 转动件 4B12设置在转动件支轴 4B4上, 其特征是: 设置有第一 液压限速组件 3A和第二液压限速组件 3B, 液压限速组件 3A主要包括曲轴 3. 1A、 限速活塞 3. 2A、 杆端连 接件 3. 3A、 活塞调速件 3. 6A以及支撑活塞转动的活塞支轴 3. 4AA、 3. 4AB, 活塞支轴 3. 4M、 3. 4AB分别 设置在支座 1A、 IB上, 曲轴 3. 1A与活塞杆端连接件 3. 3A连接; 液压限速组件 3B主要包括曲轴 3. 1B、 限 速活塞 3. 2B、 杆端连接件 3. 3B、 活塞调速件 3. 6B以及支撑活塞转动的活塞支轴 3. 4BA、 3. 4BB, 活塞支轴 3. 4BA、 3. 4BB分别设置在支座 1A、 IB上, 曲轴 3. 1B与活塞杆端连接件 3. 3B连接; 所述曲轴 3. 1A是设置 在转动件 4A12上, 转动件 4A12转动时通过曲轴 3. 1A、 杆端连接件 3. 3A带动限速活塞 3. 2A动作, 所述曲 轴 3. 1B是设置在转动件 4B12上,转动件 4B12转动时通过曲轴 3. 1B、杆端连接件 3. 3B带动限速活塞 3. 2B 动作; 所述第一液压限速组件 3A处于空载位置时第二液压限速组件 3B不处于空载位置。
在重力作用下, 绳索 2. 31带动绕盘组件 2转动, 同时带动转动组件 4A、 4B同步转动, 转动组件 4A、 4B转动时分别带动转动件 4A12、 4B12转动, 从而分别带动曲轴 3. 1A、 3. IB回转, 3. 1A、 3. IB回转时分 别带动液压限速组件 3A、 3B动作, 液压限速组件 3A、 3B产生的阻力限制了绕盘组件 2的转动, 调节活塞 调速件 3. 6A、 3. 6B可以调节绕盘组件 2的转动速度。
在上述基础之上, 为了解决另一个技术问题, 即绳索回绕时液压限速组件产生的阻力问题, 在转动件 4A12. 4B12上分别安装有曲轴固定件 4A6、4B6, 曲轴固定件 4A6与转动件 4A12之间设置单向转动构件 4A3 构成第一单向转动组合构件并通过转动件支轴 4A4安装在支座 1A上, 曲轴固定件 4B6与转动件 4B12之间 设置单向转动构件 4B3构成第二单向转动组合构件并通过转动件支轴 4B4安装在支座 1B上, 曲轴 3. 1A安 装在曲轴固定件 4A6上, 曲轴 3. 1B安装在曲轴固定件 4B6上; 在重力作用下, 绳索 2. 31带动绕盘组件 2 转动, 同时带动转动组件 4A、 4B同步转动, 转动组件 4A、 4B转动时分别带动转动件 4A12、 4B12转动, 转动件 4A12、 4B12转动时分别将转动通过单向转动构件 4A3、 4B3传递到曲轴固定件 4A6、 4B6, 从而带动 曲轴 3. 1A、 3. IB回转, 3. 1A、 3. IB回转时分别带动液压限速组件 3A、 3B动作, 液压限速组件 3A、 3B产 生的阻力限制了绕盘组件 2的转动, 调节活塞调速件 3. 6A、 3. 6B可以调节绕盘组件 2的转动速度; 当需 要回绕绳索 2. 31时, 通过外力使绕盘组件 2朝相反方向转动, 带动转动组件 4A、 4B反向转动, 但由于转 动件 4A12、 4B12与曲轴固定件 4A6、 4B6之间分别设置有单向转动构件 4A3、 4B3, 因而曲轴固定件 4A6、 4B6不转动, 曲轴 3. 1A、 3. IB不回转,液压限速组件 3A、 3B不动作, 对绳索 2. 31回绕不产生阻力, 因而 解决绳索回绕时液压限速组件产生的阻力问题。
本发明的优选方案之一: 机体 1是由呈板状结构的支座 1A和 1B通过若干个支座连杆 1. 1连接固定构 成的。
本发明的优选方案之二: 绕盘组件的绕盘 2. 1A与转动组件 4A的转动件 4A11是同一个构件, 绕盘组 件的绕盘 2. 1B与转动组件 4B的转动件 4B11是同一个构件。
本发明的优选方案之三:设置于绳索绕盘两侧的转动组件 4A和转动组件 4B优选链传动;本发明提示, 也可以选择齿轮传动或公知的其它传动方式。
本发明的优选方案之四:活塞支轴 3. 4AA的一端与活塞 3. 2A安装配合而另一端安装固定在支座 1A上; 活塞支轴 3. 4AB的一端与活塞 3. 2A安装配合而另一端安装固定在支座 1B上; 同理, 活塞支轴 3. 4BA的一 端与活塞 3. 2B安装配合而另一端安装固定在支座 1A上; 活塞支轴 3. 4BB的一端与活塞 3. 2B安装配合而 另一端安装固定在支座 1B上。 本发明提示, 在活塞支轴 3. 4AA与活塞 3. 2A安装配合处、 活塞支轴 3. 4AB 与活塞 3. 2A安装配合处可以设置转动轴承; 同理, 在活塞支轴 3. 4BA与活塞 3. 2B安装配合处、 活塞支轴 3. 4BB与活塞 3. 2B安装配合处可以设置转动轴承。 本发明还提示; 活塞支轴 3. 4AA与支座 1A之间、 活塞 支轴 3. 4AB与支座 1B之间的安装固定可以采用包括铆钉、 拉钉、 螺栓在内的公知的固定形式; 同理, 活 塞支轴 3. 4BA与支座 1A之间、 活塞支轴 3. 4BB与支座 1B之间的安装固定可以采用包括铆钉、 拉钉、 螺栓 在内的公知的固定形式。
特别说明如下: 在本申请文中, 凡是采用安装配合的结构, 其配合处都可以设置转动轴承; 凡是采用 安装固定的结构, 其固定的方式可以包括铆钉、 螺栓在内的公知的固定形式。
本发明的优选方案之五: 转动件 4A12安装结构如下: 转动件 4A12与转动件支轴 4A4安装配合、 转动 件支轴 4A4安装固定在支座 1A上; 同理, 转动件 4B12安装结构如下: 转动件 4B12与转动件支轴 4A4安 装配合、 转动件支轴 4B4安装固定在支座 1B上。
本发明的优选方案之六: 活塞杆端连接件 3. 3A、 3. 3B优选带关节轴承的杆端连接件。
本发明的优选方案之七: 曲轴 3. 1A和曲轴 3. 1B是同一个轴。
本发明的优选方案之八: 在两个液压限速组件当中, 当一个液压限速组件处于空载位置时, 另一个液 压限速组件不处于空载位置。
本发明的优选方案之九: 曲轴 3. 1A和曲轴 3. 1B不是同一个轴。
本发明的优选方案之十: 活塞 3. 2A安装结构如下:在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有活塞支轴轴座 3. 5AA和 3. 5AB, 活塞支轴 3. 4AA的一端与活塞 3. 2A安装固定而另一端与固定在支座 1A上的活塞支轴轴 座 3. 5AA安装配合; 活塞支轴 3. 4AB的一端与活塞 3. 2A安装固定而另一端与固定在支座 1B上的活塞支轴 轴座 3. 5AB安装配合; 同理,活塞 3. 2B安装结构如下: 在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有活塞支轴轴座 3. 5BA和 3. 5BB, 活塞支轴 3. 4BA的一端与活塞 3. 2B安装固定而另一端与固定在支座 1A上的活塞支轴轴 座 3. 5BA安装配合; 活塞支轴 3. 4BB的一端与活塞 3. 2B安装固定而另一端与固定在支座 1B上的活塞支轴 轴座 3. 5BB安装配合;
本发明的优选方案之 ^—:在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有中心轴轴座 2. 6A和 2. 6B,中心轴 2. 5 一端与固定在支座 1A上的中心轴轴座 2. 6A安装配合而另一端与固定在支座 1B上的中心轴轴座 2. 6B安装 配合。
本发明的优选方案之十二: 在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5, 所述转 动件支轴 4A4和 4B4分别与转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5安装配合。 本发明的优选方案之十三: 在机体 1上还设置有导绳组件 5, 导绳组件 5至少由两个滚动组件分上侧 和下侧通过连接座安装在机体 1上,根据绳索的缠绕方向和受力方向对位于上、下侧的滚动组件进行设置, 上侧滚动组件和下侧滚动组件在空间呈交叉状态, 绳索 2. 31 移动时总是从上侧滚动组件和下侧滚动组件 的表面上压过; 其优选例子是: 导绳组件 5主要包括滚动组件 5. 1A1和 5. 1B1、 轴 5. 1A12和 5. 1B12以及 连接座 5. 2A和 5. 2B, 滚动组件 5. 1A1主要包括带轴承的滚动件 5. 1A11和轴 5. 1A12 , 滚动组件 5. 1B1主 要包括带轴承的滚动件 5. 1B11和轴 5. 1B12 , 滚动组件 5. 1A1和轴 5. 1A12设置在上侧, 滚动组件 5. 1B1和 轴 5. 1B12呈井字形设置在下侧, 绳索 2. 31从井字形的中空位置中穿过, 当绳索 2. 31从滚动件 5. 1A11和 5. 1B11表面压过时带动滚动组件 5. 1A1和 5. 1B1转动, 绳索 2. 31与组件之间形成滚动摩擦可减少绳索的 磨损, 将绳索 2. 31限制在井字形的中空位置可以使降落器保持平稳。
本发明的优选方案之十四:还设置单向转动装置,在转动件 4A12和 4B12上分别设置有曲轴固定件 4A6 和 4B6, 曲轴固定件 4A6与转动件 4A12之间设置单向转动构件 4A3构成第一单向转动组合构件并通过转动 件支轴 4A4安装在支座 1A上, 曲轴固定件 4B6与转动件 4B12之间设置单向转动构件 4B3构成第二单向转 动组合构件并通过转动件支轴 4B4安装在支座 1B上, 曲轴 3. 1A、 3. IB分别设置在曲轴固定件 4A6、 4B6 上。
本发明的优选方案之十五:所述转动件 4A12、 单向转动构件 4A3和曲轴固定件 4A6构成的第一单向转 动组合构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构, 所述转动件 4B12、 单向转动构件 4B3和曲轴固 定件 4B6构成的第二单向转动组合构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构; 所述转动件 4A12 是飞轮外圈, 曲轴固定件 4A6是飞轮内圈, 曲轴固定件 4A6与转动件支轴 4A4安装配合, 转动件支轴 4A4 安装固定在支座 1A上; 所述转动件 4B12是飞轮外圈, 曲轴固定件 4B6是飞轮内圈, 曲轴固定件 4B6与转 动件支轴 4B4安装配合, 转动件支轴 4B4安装固定在支座 1B上。
本发明的优选方案之十六:所述转动件 4A12、 单向转动构件 4A3和曲轴固定件 4A6构成的第一单向转 动组合构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构, 所述转动件 4B12、 单向转动构件 4B3和曲轴固 定件 4B6构成的第二单向转动组合构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构; 在支座 1A和 1B上 还分别安装固定有转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5, 所述转动件支轴 4A4和 4B4分别与转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5安装配合, 转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5分别安装固定在支座 U和 1B上。
本发明的优选方案之十七: 所述转动件 4A12、单向转动构件 4A3和曲轴固定件 4A6构成的第一单向转 动组合构件是分体式单向转动组合构件, 所述转动件 4B12单向转动构件 4B3和曲轴固定件 4B6构成的第 二单向转动组合构件是分体式单向转动组合构件, 在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5 ; 所述转动件支轴 4A4和 4B4分别与转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5安装配合;所述转动件支轴 4A4 与转动件 4A12安装固定而转动件支轴 4A4与曲轴固定件 4A6之间设置单向转动构件 4A3 ; 所述转动件支轴 4B4与转动仵 4B12安装固定而转动件支轴 4B4与曲轴固定件 4B6 间设置单向转动构仵 4B3。本犮明提示, 单向转动构件 4A3和 4B3优选单向轴承 (超越离合器), 也可以选取公知有超越离合功能的其它构件。
本发明的优选方案之十八: 与方案十七不同的是, 在方案十八中, 转动件支轴 4A4与转动件 4A12可 以是一体式的, 转动件支轴 4B4与转动件 4B12可以是一体式的。
本发明的优选方案之十九: 与方案十七不同的是, 在方案十九中, 所述转动件支轴 4A4与曲轴固定件 4A6安装固定而转动件支轴 4A4与转动件 4A12之间设置单向转动构件 4A3 ; 所述转动件支轴 4B4与曲轴固 定件 4B6安装固定而转动件支轴 4B4与转动件 4B12之间设置单向转动构件 4B3。
本发明的优选方案之二十, 与方案十九不同的是, 在方案二十中, 转动件支轴 4A4与曲轴固定件 4A6 可以是一体式的, 转动件支轴 4B4与曲轴固定件 4B6可以是一体式的。
本发明的优选方案之二十一: 与方案十五不同的是, 在所述绳索 2. 31位于接近绳端固定件 2. 41的位 置处还设置有耐磨件 2. 3A; 其作用是考虑在使用降落器时, 位于绳端固定件 2. 41附近的绳索与建筑物之 间可能发生接触, 可能因摩擦而导致磨损产生危险, 耐磨件 2. 3A对绳索起保护作用。
本发明的优选方案之二十二: 与方案十五不同的是, 在机体 1上还设置有用于将人体与降落器连接固 定的连接件; 所述连接件的优选结构主要包括绳索 2. 32和绳端固定件 2. 42, 绳索 2. 32一端与机体 1固定 而另一端与绳端固定件 2. 42连接固定。 使用时, 将绳端固定件 2. 41固定在高处, 而绳端固定件 2. 42与 降落件 (人体) 固定, 在重力作用下, 降落器与降落件一起降落。
本发明的优选方案之二十三:与方案十五不同的是,绕盘组件的绕盘 2. 1A与转动组件 4A的转动件 4A11 是不同构件, 绕盘组件的绕盘 2. 1B与转动组件 4B的转动件 4B11是不同构件。
本发明的优选方案之二十四: 机体 1是由支座 1A和 1B叠合后构成的壳状体, 支座 1A和 1B是采用冲 压的方式制造而成, 支座 1A和 1B叠合后安装固定; 本发明提示, 支座 1A和 1B也可以采用浇注的方式制 造而成。
本发明的优选方案之二十五: 在机体上还设置有背包式背带和安全带, 所述背包式背带可以使用者将 降落器背在后背上, 所述安全带包括有从人体胸部和 /或腹部、 和 /或大腿处固定人体的绳带及扣件。
本发明的优选方案之二十六: 还可以在机体外部设置一个保护套, 因为人们在使用时, 由于降落器是 背在后背上, 保护套可以防止头发进入机体内部而产生意外, 同时也可以防止当人们需要用手调节活塞调 速件时手指不小心被转动组件伤害; 保护套可以采用背包型式, 可以在保护套上设置拉链用于将保护套打 开和闭合。
本发明的优选方案之二十七: 为了在降落器使用以后能够使用手动摇柄对绳索 2. 31 进行回绕, 本发 明提出, 可以在转动组件 4A或转动组件 4B的转动件支轴上设置有插孔; 也可以在转动组件 4A或转动组 件 4B的转动件支轴上设置用于与手动摇柄相插接的摇柄插接件 2. 7;也可以在绕盘组件 2的中心轴 2. 5端 头上设置摇柄插接件 2. 7。
本发明提示: 在上述方案四和方案十中, 活塞支轴 3. 4AA、 3. 4AB分别是直接或间接地安装在支座 1A、 IB上; 同理, 活塞支轴 3. 4BA、 3. 4BB分别是直接或间接地安装在支座 1A、 IB上。 活塞支轴 3. 4AA、 3. 4AB 是直接或间接地安装在活塞 3. 2A, 同理, 活塞支轴 3. 4BA和 3. 4BB是直接或间接地安装在活塞 3. 2B。 本 发明不能列出所有例子, 只要活塞支轴对活塞能起支撑作用并使活塞能够绕轴转动, 就可以满足本发明对 活塞安装的结构要求。
本发明还提示: 在上述方案十二、 方案十五、 方案十六、 方案十七、 方案十八、 方案十九、 方案二十 中, 所述转动件支轴 4A4和 4B4分别是直接或间接地安装在支座 1A和 1B上并分别对两个单向转动组合构 件起支撑作用, 本发明不能列出所有例子, 只要转动件支轴对单向转动组合构件能够起到支撑作用并能够 使其绕轴转动, 就可以满足本发明对单向转动组合构件安装的结构要求。
在上述的优选方案中, 使用者可以将降落器机体 1 固定在高处, 降落件 (人体) 与绳端固定件 2. 41 固定在一起, 在重力作用下, 绳索 2. 31带动绕盘组件 2转动, 绳索 2. 31向下移动, 降落件 (人体) 向下 降落。 当采用同时具有上述优选方案之十三、 二十一、 二十二构成的技术特征时或同时具有上述优选方案 之十三、 二十一、 二十六构成的技术特征时, 使用者可以将绳端固定件 2. 4. 1固定在高处, 将降落器与降 落件 (人体) 固定在一起, 在重力作用下, 绳索 2. 31带动绕盘组件 2转动, 降落器与降落件 (人体) 一 起向下降落。
本发明的有益效果是, 本发明提出的空中降落器,结构简单,曲轴安装在两个同步转动的转动件之间, 采用两套液压限速装置, 曲轴受力合理, 性能可靠, 可确保安全使用; 另外, 由于设置了单向转动构件, 解决了绳索回绕的问题, 给使用带来方便。
附图说明 图 1至图 4为活塞受力原理图。
图 5至图 10为本发明第一个实施例的结构示意图, 图 5为机体外观图, 图 6为内部结构主视图, 图 7 为该实施例的 C-C剖视图, 图 8为该实施例的 A-A剖视图, 图 9为该实施例的 B-B剖视图, 图 10为该实 施例的 B-B剖视图。 图 11为本发明第二个实施例的结构示意图。
图 12、 图 13为本发明第三个实施例的结构示意图
图 14为本发明第四个实施例的结构示意图。
图 15为本发明第五个实施例的结构示意图。
图 16、 图 17、 图 18为本发明第六个实施例的结构示意图, 其中图 16为内部结构主视图 (图 6旋转 180度), 图 17、 图 18为局部视图。
图 19为本发明第七个实施例的结构示意图。
图 20为本发明第八个实施例的结构示意图。
图 21为本发明第九个实施例的结构示意图。
图 22为本发明第十个实施例的结构示意图。
图 23为本发明第十一个实施例的结构示意图。
图 24为本发明第十二个实施例的结构示意图。
图 25为本发明第十三个实施例的结构示意图。
图 26为本发明第十四个实施例的结构示意图。
图 27为本发明第十五个实施例的结构示意图。
图 28为本发明第十六个实施例的结构示意图。
图 29为本发明第十七个实施例的结构示意图。
图 30为本发明第十八个实施例的结构示意图。
图中:
X为活塞杆中心轴轴线, Y为活塞支轴与转动件支轴在主视图上投影形成的两个点的连线所构成的轴 线。
1机体, 1A、 IB支座, 1. 1支座连杆;
2绕盘组件, 2. 1A、 2. IB绕盘, 2. 2中心件, 2. 3A耐磨件, 2. 31、 2. 32绳索, 2. 41、 2. 42绳端固定 件, 2. 5中心轴, 2. 6A、 2. 6B中心轴轴座;
3A第一液压限速组件、 3B第二液压限速组件, 3. 1A、 3. IB曲轴, 3. 2A、 3. 2B活塞, 3. 3A、 3. 3B杆端 连接件, 3. 4AA、 3. 4AB、 3. 4BA、 3. 4BB活塞支轴, 3. 5AA、 3. 5AB、 3. 5BA、 3. 5BB活塞支轴轴座, 3. 6A、 3. 6B活塞调速件;
4A、 4B转动组件, 4A1 K 4A12、 4B1 K 4B12转动件, 4A2、 4B2链条, 4A3、 4B3单向转动构件, 4A4、 4B4转动件支轴, 4A5、 4B5转动件支轴轴座, 4A6、 4B6曲轴固定件, 摇柄插接件 4. 7 ;
5.导绳组件, 5. 1A1、 5. 1B1 滚动组件, 5. 1A11、 5. 1B11 滚动件, 5. 1A12、 5. 1B12轴, 5. 2A、 5. 2B 连接座;
具体实施方式
图 1至图 4为活塞受力原理示意图; 图 5至图 10为本发明第一个实施例的结构示意图, 图 5为机体立体图, 图 6内部结构主视图, 图 7 为该实施例的 C-C剖视图, 图 8为该实施例的 A-A剖视图, 图 9为该实施例的 B-B剖视图, 图 10为该实 施例的 B-B剖视图。
在图 1、 图 2中显示, 以活塞 3. 2A为例, 在活塞的整个工作过程中, 活寒将绕活塞支轴 3. 4AA作小角 度来回摆动, 而在图示位置时, X轴与 Y轴之间的夹角绝对值最大, 此时活塞的受力是最大的, 本文称活 塞位于该位置时为满载位置; 而在图 3、 图 4中显示, X轴与 Y轴同在一根直线上, 活塞的受力是最小, 本文称活塞位于该位置时为空载位置。
为本发明第一个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 5至图 10中可见, 在该实施例中, 空中降落器主要包括 机体 1、 绳索绕盘组件 2、 同步转动组件 4A、 4B ; 机体 1主要包括支座 1A、 IB ; 绳索绕盘组件 2主要包括 绕盘 2. 1A、 2. IB, 中心件 2. 2、 绳索 2. 31、 绳端固定件 2. 41和中心轴 2. 5, 绳索 2. 31缠绕在绳索绕盘上 并在末端设置绳端固定件 2. 41, 绕盘通过中心轴 2. 5安装在支座 1A、 IB上; 同步转动组件 4A、 4B分别设 置在绳索绕盘组件 2的两侧, 转动组件 4A主要包括转动件 4A11、 4A12以及转动件支轴 4A4, 转动件 4A11 安装固定在绳索绕盘一侧上, 转动件 4A12安装在转动件支轴 4A4上; 转动组件 4B主要包括转动件 4B11、 4B12以及转动件支轴 4B4, 转动件 4B11安装固定在绳索绕盘的另一侧上, 转动件 4B12安装在转动件支轴 4B4上; 其特征是: 设置有第一液压限速组件 3A和第二液压限速组件 3B, 液压限速组件 3A主要包括曲轴 3. 1A、 限速活塞 3. 2A、 杆端连接件 3. 3A、 活塞调速件 3. 6A以及支撑活塞转动的活塞支轴 3. 4AA、 3. 4AB, 活塞支轴 3. 4AA、 3. 4AB分别安装在支座 1A、 IB上, 曲轴 3. 1A与活塞杆端连接件 3. 3A连接; 液压限速组 件 3B主要包括曲轴 3. 1B、 限速活塞 3. 2B、 杆端连接件 3. 3B、 活塞调速件 3. 6B以及支撑活塞转动的活塞 支轴 3. 4BA、 3. 4BB,活塞支轴 3. 4BA、 3. 4BB分别安装在支座 1A、 IB上, 曲轴 3. 1B与活塞杆端连接件 3. 3B 连接; 所述曲轴 3. 1A是设置在转动件 4A12上, 转动件 4A12转动时通过曲轴 3. 1A和杆端连接件 3. 3A带 动限速活塞 3. 2A动作, 所述曲轴 3. 1B是设置在转动件 4B12上, 转动件 4B12转动时通过曲轴 3. 1B和杆 端连接件 3. 3B带动限速活塞 3. 2B动作;
在重力作用下, 绳索 2. 31带动绕盘组件 2转动, 同时带动转动组件 4A、 4B同步转动, 转动组件 4A、 4B转动时分别带动转动件 4A12、 4B12转动, 从而分别带动曲轴 3. 1A、 3. IB回转, 3. 1A、 3. IB回转时分 别带动液压限速组件 3A、 3B动作, 液压限速组件 3A和 3B产生的阻力限制了绕盘组件 2的转动, 调节活 塞调速件 3. 6A、 3. 6B可以调节绕盘组件 2的转动速度。
在图 6中显示, 在该实施例中, 当第二液压限速组件 3B处于空载位置时第一液压限速组件 3A不处于 空载位置 (处于接近满载位置);
在图 5中显示, 在该实施例中, 机体 1是由呈板状结构的支座 1A和 1B通过若干个支座连杆 1. 1连接 固定构成的; 在 S Ί甲显不,
Figure imgf000011_0001
4A11是冋一个构件, 绕盘组件的绕盘 2. 1B与转动组件 4B的转动件 4B11是同一个构件;
在图 7中同时显示, 在该实施例中, 设置于绳索绕盘两侧转动组件 4A和转动组件 4B为链传动; 其中 4A2和 4B2分别为链条。
在图 8显示, 在该实施例中, 活塞支轴 3. 4AA的一端与活塞 3. 2A安装配合而另一端安装固定在支座 1A上;活塞支轴 3. 4AB的一端与活塞 3. 2A安装配合而另一端安装固定在支座 1B上; 同理,在图 9中显示, 活塞支轴 3. 4BA的一端与活塞 3. 2B安装配合而另一端安装固定在支座 1A上; 活塞支轴 3. 4BB的一端与活 塞 3. 2B安装配合而另一端安装固定在支座 1B上;
在图 10中显示, 在该实施例中, 转动件 4A12与转动件支轴 4A4安装配合、 转动件支轴 4A4安装固定 在支座 1A上, 转动件 4B12与转动件支轴 4A4安装配合、 转动件支轴 4B4安装固定在支座 1B上。
本发明提示: 活塞杆端连接件 3. 3A 3. 3B优选带关节轴承的杆端连接件。
在图 7和图 10中显示, 在该实施例中, 曲轴 3. 1A和曲轴 3. 1B是同一个轴。
图 11为本发明第二个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 11中显示, 与第一个实施不同的是, 曲轴 3. 1A和 曲轴 3. 1B不是同一个轴, 在图中, 转动件 4A12和 4B12上分别安装固定有曲轴固定件 4A6和 4B6 ; 本发明 提示, 在此实施例中, 转动件 4A12和曲轴固定件 4A6可以是一体式的, 转动件 4B12和曲轴固定件 4B6可 以是一体式的。
图 12、 图 13为本发明第三个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 12中显示, 与第一个实施不同的是, 活塞 3. 2A安装方式如下:在支座 U和 1B上还分别安装固定有活塞支轴轴座 3. 5AA和 3. 5AB, 活塞支轴 3. 4AA 的一端与活塞 3. 2A安装固定而另一端与固定在支座 1A上的活塞支轴轴座 3. 5AA安装配合;活塞支轴 3. 4AB 的一端与活塞 3. 2A安装固定而另一端与固定在支座 1B上的活塞支轴轴座 3. 5AB安装配合;同理,活塞 3. 2B 安装方式如下: 在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有活塞支轴轴座 3. 5BA和 3. 5BB, 活塞支轴 3. 4BA的一 端与活塞 3. 2B安装固定而另一端与固定在支座 1A上的活塞支轴轴座 3. 5BA安装配合; 活塞支轴 3. 4BB的 一端与活塞 3. 2B安装固定而另一端与固定在支座 1B上的活塞支轴轴座 3. 5BB安装配合;
图 14为本发明第四个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 14中显示, 与第一个实施不同的是, 在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有中心轴轴座 2. 6A和 2. 6B, 中心轴 2. 5一端与固定在支座 1A上的中心轴轴座 2. 6A 安装配合而另一端与固定在支座 1B上的中心轴轴座 2. 6B安装配合。
图 15为本发明第五个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 15中显示, 与第一个实施不同的是, 在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5,所述转动件支轴 4A4和 4B4分别与转动件 4A12和 4B12 安装固定, 所述转动件支轴 4A4和 4B4分别与转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5安装配合。
图 16、 图 17、 图 18为本发明第六个实施例的结构示意图, 其中图 16为内部结构主视图、 图 17、 图 18为局部视图。 在图 16、 图 17、 图 18中显示, 与第一个实施不同的是, 在本实施例中, 还设置有导绳组 件 5, 导绳组件 5主要包括滚动组件 5. 1A1和 5. 1B1、轴 5. 1A12和 5. 1B12以及连接座 5. 2A和 5. 2B, 滚动 组件 5. 1A1主要包括带轴承的滚动件 5. 1A11和轴 5. 1A12 ,滚动组件 5. 1B1主要包括带轴承的滚动件 5. 1B11 和轴 5. 1B12 ;在图 17和图 18中可见,滚动组件 5. 1A1和轴 5. 1A12设置在上侧,滚动组件 5. 1B1和轴 5. 1B12 呈井字形设置在下侧, 绳索 2. 31从井字形的中空位置中穿过, 当绳索 2. 31从滚动组件 5. 1A1和 5. 1B1表 面压过时带动滚动组件 5. 1A1和 5. 1B1转动, 将绳索 2. 31限制在井字形的中空位置可以使降落器保持平 稳; 本发明还提示, 导绳组件 5可以由至少两个滚动组件分上侧和下侧通过连接座安装在机体 1上而成, 可以根据绳索的缠绕方向和受力方向对位于上、 下侧的滚动组件进行设置, 上侧滚动组件和下侧滚动组件 在空间呈交叉状态, 绳索 2. 31移动时总是从上侧滚动组件和下侧滚动组件的表面上压过; 本发明还提示, 本例中导绳组件的特征也可以用在第一个至第五个实施例当中。
图 19为本发明第七个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 19中显示, 与第一个实施不同的是, 还设置单向转 动装置,在转动件 4A12和 4B12上分别设置有曲轴固定件 4A6和 4B6, 曲轴固定件 4A6与转动件 4A12之间 设置单向转动构件 4A3构成第一单向转动组合构件并通过转动件支轴 4A4安装在支座 1A上, 曲轴固定件 4B6与转动件 4B12之间设置单向转动构件 4B3构成第二单向转动组合构件并通过转动件支轴 4B4安装在支 座 1B上, 曲轴 3. 1A、 3. IB分别安装在曲轴固定件 4A6、 4B6上。
在第七个实施例中,所述转动件 4A12、 单向转动构件 4A3和曲轴固定件 4A6构成的第一单向转动组合 构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构, 所述转动件 4B12、 单向转动构件 4B3和曲轴固定件 4B6构成的第二单向转动组合构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构;所述转动件 4A12是飞轮 外圈, 曲轴固定件 4A6是飞轮内圈, 曲轴固定件 4A6与转动件支轴 4A4安装配合, 转动件支轴 4A4安装固 定在支座 1A上; 所述转动件 4B12是飞轮外圈, 曲轴固定件 4B6是飞轮内圈, 曲轴固定件 4B6与转动件支 轴 4B4安装配合, 转动件支轴 4B4安装固定在支座 1B上。
图 20 为本发明第八个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 20 中显示, 与第七个实施不同的是, 所述转动件 4A12、 单向转动构件 4A3和曲轴固定件 4A6构成的第一单向转动组合构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自 行车飞轮结构, 所述转动件 4B12、 单向转动构件 4B3和曲轴固定件 4B6构成的第二单向转动组合构件是一 体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构;在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5, 所述转动件支轴 4A4和 4B4分别与转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5安装配合, 转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5分别 安装固定在支座 1A和 1B上。
图 21为本发明第九个实施例的结构示意图,在图 21中显示,与第七个实施不同的是,所述转动件 4A12、 单向转动构件 4A3和曲轴固定件 4A6构成的第一单向转动组合构件是分体式单向转动组合构件, 所述转动 件 4B12单向转动构件 4B3和曲轴固定件 4B6构成的第二单向转动组合构件是分体式单向转动组合构件, 在支座 1A和 1B上还分别安装固定有转动件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5 ; 所述转动件支轴 4A4和 4B4分别与转动 件支轴轴座 4A5和 4B5安装配合; 所述转动件支轴 4A4与转动件 4A12安装固定而转动件支轴 4A4与曲轴 固定件 4A6之间设置单向转动构件 4A3 ; 所述转动件支轴 4B4与转动件 4B12安装固定而转动件支轴 4B4与 曲轴固定件 4B6之间设置单向转动构件 4B3 ;
本发明提示, 单向转动构件 4A3和 4B3优选单向轴承 (超越离合器), 同时, 也可以选取公知有超越 离合功能的其它构件。
图 22为本发明第十个实施例的结构示意图,在图 22中显示, 与第九个实施不同的是,在本实施例中, 转动件支轴 4A4与转动件 4A12可以是一体式的, 转动件支轴 4B4与转动件 4B12可以是一体式的。
图 23为本发明第十一个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 23中显示, 与第九个实施不同的是, 在本实施例 中, 所述转动件支轴 4A4与曲轴固定件 4A6安装固定而转动件支轴 4A4与转动件 4A12之间设置单向转动 构件 4A3 ; 所述转动件支轴 4B4与曲轴固定件 4B6安装固定而转动件支轴 4B4与转动件 4B12之间设置单向 转动构件 4B3。
图 24为本发明第十二个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 24中显示, 与第十一个实施不同的是, 在本实施 例中, 转动件支轴 4A4与曲轴固定件 4A6可以是一体式的, 转动件支轴 4B4与曲轴固定件 4B6可以是一体 式的。
图 25为本发明第十三个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 25中显示, 与第七个实施不同的是, 在本实施例 中, 在本实施例中, 在所述绳索 2. 31位于接近绳端固定件 2. 41的位置处还设置有耐磨件 2. 3A; 其作用是 考虑在使用降落器时, 位于绳端固定件 2. 41 附近的绳索与建筑物之间可能发生接触, 可能因摩擦而导致 磨损产生危险, 耐磨件 2. 3A对绳索起保护作用。 在本实施例当中, 耐磨件 2. 3A优选耐磨套管如橡胶管或 PTFE热缩套管, 也可采用其它公知的套管构件, 耐磨件 2. 3A的长度可优选为 1. 5至 3米, 耐磨件 2. 3A用 于增强绳索与窗台或墙角接触时的耐磨性。
图 26为本发明第十四个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 26中显示, 与第七个实施不同的是, 在本实施例 中,在机体 1上还设置有用于将人体与降落器连接固定的连接件;所述连接件的优选结构主要包括绳索 2. 32 和绳端固定件 2. 42, 绳索 2. 32—端与机体 1固定而另一端与绳端固定件 2. 42连接固定。 使用时, 将绳端 固定件 2. 41固定在高处, 而绳端固定件 2. 42与降落件(人体) 固定, 在重力作用下, 降落器与降落件一 起降落。
图 27为本发明第十五个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 27中显示, 与第一个实施不同的是, 在本实施例 中,绕盘组件的绕盘 2. 1A与转动组件 4A的转动件 4A11是不同构件, 绕盘组件的绕盘 2. 1B与转动组件 4B 的转动件 4B11是不同构件。
图 28为本发明第十六个实施例的结构示意图, 在图 28中显示, 在本实施例中, 机体 1是由支座 1A 和 1B叠合后构成的壳状体, 支座 1A和 1B是采用冲压的方式制造而成, 支座 1A和 1B叠合后安装固定; 本发明提示, 支座 1A和 1B也可以采用浇注的方式制造而成。
图 29为本发明第十七个实施例的结构示意图, 与第九个实施例不同的是, 在本实施例中, 为了在降 落器使用以后能够使用手动摇柄对绳索 2. 31进行回绕, 在转动组件 4B的转动件支轴 4B4上设置用于与手 动摇柄相插接的摇柄插接件 2. 7。
本发明提示,还可以在其中一根转动件支轴上设置插接孔, 当需要回绕绳索时,将摇柄插入插接孔中, 摇动摇柄, 摇柄就可以带动转动件支轴转动。
图 30为本发明第十八个实施例的结构示意图, 与第四个实施例不同的是, 在本实施例中, 为了在降 落器使用以后能够使用手动摇柄对绳索 2. 31进行回绕, 在绕盘组件 2的中心轴 2. 5端头上设置摇柄插接 件 2. 7。
本发明提示, 还可以在中心轴 2. 5的一端上设置插接孔, 当需要回绕绳索时, 将摇柄插入插接孔中, 摇动摇柄, 摇柄就可以带动中心轴转动。
本发明还提示, 还可以增加另一个实施例: 在机体上还设置有背包式背带和安全带, 所述背包式背带 让使用者将降落器背在后背上, 所述安全带包括有从人体胸部和 /或腹部、 和 /或大腿处固定人体的绳带及 扣件。
本发明提示, 还可以增加又一个实施例: 在机体外部设置一个保护套, 因为人们在使用时, 由于降落 器是背在后背上, 保护套可以防止头发进入机体内部而产生意外, 同时也可以防止当人们需要用手调节活 塞调速件时手指不小心被转动组件伤害; 保护套可以采用背包型式, 可以在保护套上设置拉链用于将保护 套打开和闭合。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 WO 2012/167501 PCT/CN2011/078095
1. 一种 2中降落器, 主要包括机体 (1)、 绳索绕盘组件 (2)、 同步转动组件 (4A)、 (4B); 机体 (1) 主 要包括支座(1A)、 (IB); 绳索绕盘组件(2)主要包括绕盘(2.1A)、 (2. IB), 中心件(2.2)、绳索(2.31)、 绳端固定件 (2.41) 和中心轴 (2.5), 绳索 (2.31) 缠绕在绳索绕盘上并在末端设置绳端固定件 (2.41), 绕盘通过中心轴 (2.5) 安装在支座 (1A)、 (IB) 上; 同步转动组件 (4A)、 (4B) 分别设置在绳索绕盘组 件(2) 的两侧, 转动组件(4A)主要包括转动件(4A11)、 (4A12) 以及转动件支轴(4A4), 转动件(4A11) 安装固定在绳索绕盘一侧上, 转动件 (4A12) 设置在转动件支轴 (4A4) 上, 转动组件 (4B) 主要包括转 动件 (4B11)、 (4B12) 以及转动件支轴 (4B4), 转动件 (4B11) 安装固定在绳索绕盘的另一侧上, 转动件 (4B12) 设置在转动件支轴 (4B4) 上, 其特征是: 设置有第一液压限速组件 (3A) 和第二液压限速组件 (3B), 液压限速组件 (3A) 主要包括曲轴 (3.1A)、 限速活塞 (3.2A)、 杆端连接件 (3.3A)、 活塞调速件 (3.6A) 以及支撑活塞转动的活塞支轴 (3.4AA)、 (3.4AB), 活塞支轴 (3.4AA)、 (3.4AB) 分别设置在支 座(1A)、 (IB)上, 曲轴 (3.1A)与活塞杆端连接件(3.3A)连接;液压限速组件(3B)主要包括曲轴 (3.1B)、 限速活塞(3.2B)、杆端连接件(3.3B)、活塞调速件(3.6B)以及支撑活塞转动的活塞支轴(3.4BA)、(3.4BB), 活塞支轴 (3.4BA)、 (3.4BB) 分别设置在支座 (1A)、 (IB) 上, 曲轴 (3.1B) 与活塞杆端连接件 (3.3B) 连接; 所述曲轴 (3.1A) 是设置在转动件 (4A12) 上, 转动件 (4A12) 转动时通过曲轴 (3.1A)、 杆端连 接件(3.3A)带动限速活塞(3.2A)动作, 所述曲轴(3.1B)是设置在转动件(4B12)上, 转动件(4B12) 转动时通过曲轴 (3.1B)、 杆端连接件 (3.3B) 带动限速活塞 (3.2B) 动作; 所述第一液压限速组件 (3A) 处于空载位置时第二液压限速组件 (3B) 不处于空载位置。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 曲轴 (3.1A) 和曲轴 (3.1B) 是同一个轴。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 在机体(1)上还设置有导绳组件(5), 导绳组件(5) 至少由两个滚动组件分上侧和下侧通过连接座安装在机体 (1) 上, 根据绳索的缠绕方向和受力方向对位 于上、 下侧的滚动组件进行设置, 上侧滚动组件和下侧滚动组件在空间呈交叉状态, 绳索 (2.31) 移动时 总是从上侧滚动组件和下侧滚动组件的表面上压过。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 导绳组件(5)主要包括滚动组件(5.1A1)、 (5.1B1), 轴(5.1A12)、 (5.1B12)以及连接座(5.2A)、 (5.2B),滚动组件(5.1A1 )主要包括带轴承的滚动件(5.1A11)、 轴 (5.1A12), 滚动组件 (5.1B1) 主要包括带轴承的滚动件 (5.1B11)、 轴 (5.1B12), 滚动组件 (5.1A1) 和轴 (5.1A12) 设置在上侧, 滚动组件 (5.1B1) 和轴 (5.1B12) 呈井字形设置在下侧, 绳索 (2.31) 从 井字形的中空位置中穿过,当绳索( 2.31 )从滚动件( 5.1A11 )、( 5.1B11 )表面压过时带动滚动组件( 5.1A1 )、
(5.1B1) 转动, 绳索 (2.31) 与组件之间形成滚动摩擦可减少绳索的磨损, 将绳索 (2.31) 限制在井字 形的中空位置使降落器保持平稳。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 还设置单向转动装置, 在转动件 (4A12)、 (4B12) 上 分别设置有曲轴固定件(4A6)、 (4B6), 曲轴固定件(4A6)与转动件(4A12)之间设置单向转动构件(4A3) 权 利 要 求 书
WO 2012/167501 PCT/CN2011/078095 构成第一单向转动组合构件并通过转动件支轴 (4A4) 安装在支座 (1A) 上, 曲轴固定件 (4B6) 与转动件 (4B12) 之间设置单向转动构件 (4B3)构成第二单向转动组合构件并通过转动件支轴 (4B4) 安装在支座 (1B) 上, 曲轴 (3.1A)、 (3. IB) 分别设置在曲轴固定件 (4A6)、 (4B6) 上。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 所述转动件 (4A12)、 单向转动构件 (4A3) 和曲轴固 定件 (4A6) 构成的第一单向转动组合构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构, 所述转动件
(4B12)、 单向转动构件 (4B3) 和曲轴固定件 (4B6) 构成的第二单向转动组合构件是一体式单向转动组 合构件呈自行车飞轮结构; 所述转动件 (4A12) 是飞轮外圈, 曲轴固定件 (4A6) 是飞轮内圈, 曲轴固定 件(4A6)与转动件支轴(4A4)安装配合,转动件支轴(4A4)安装固定在支座(1A)上;所述转动件(4B12) 是飞轮外圈, 曲轴固定件 (4B6) 是飞轮内圈, 曲轴固定件 (4B6) 与转动件支轴 (4B4) 安装配合, 转动 件支轴 (4B4) 安装固定在支座 (1B) 上。
7. 根据权利要求 5所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 所述转动件 (4A12)、 单向转动构件 (4A3) 和曲轴固 定件 (4A6) 构成的第一单向转动组合构件是一体式单向转动组合构件呈自行车飞轮结构, 所述转动件
(4B12)、 单向转动构件 (4B3) 和曲轴固定件 (4B6) 构成的第二单向转动组合构件是一体式单向转动组 合构件呈自行车飞轮结构; 在支座 (1A) 和 (1B) 上还分别安装固定有转动件支轴轴座 (4A5) 和 (4B5), 所述转动件支轴(4A4)和(4B4)分别与转动件支轴轴座(4A5)和(4B5)安装配合,转动件支轴轴座(4A5) 和 (4B5) 分别安装固定在支座 (1A) 和 (1B) 上。
8. 根据权利要求 5所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 所述转动件 (4A12)、 单向转动构件 (4A3) 和曲轴固 定件 (4A6) 构成的第一单向转动组合构件是分体式单向转动组合构件, 所述转动件 (4B12) 单向转动构 件 (4B3) 和曲轴固定件 (4B6) 构成的第二单向转动组合构件是分体式单向转动组合构件, 在支座 (1A) 和 (1B) 上还分别安装固定有转动件支轴轴座 (4A5) 和 (4B5); 所述转动件支轴 (4A4) 和 (4B4) 分别 与转动件支轴轴座 (4A5) 和 (4B5) 安装配合; 所述转动件支轴 (4A4) 与转动件 (4A12) 安装固定而转 动件支轴 (4A4) 与曲轴固定件 (4A6) 之间设置单向转动构件 (4A3); 所述转动件支轴 (4B4) 与转动件
(4B12) 安装固定而转动件支轴 (4B4) 与曲轴固定件 (4B6) 之间设置单向转动构件 (4B3)。
9. 根据权利要求 5所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 在所述绳索 (2.31)位于接近绳端固定件 (2.41) 的 位置处还设置有耐磨件 (2.3A)。
10. 根据权利要求 1 所述的空中降落器, 其特征是: 在机体 (1) 上还设置有背包式背带和安全带, 所述 背包式背带让使用者将降落器背在后背上, 所述安全带包括有从人体胸部和 /或腹部、 和 /或大腿处固定人 体的绳带及扣件。
PCT/CN2011/078095 2011-06-08 2011-08-08 一种空中降落器 WO2012167501A1 (zh)

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